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intellectual gap between the Jewish masses and their cultural leadership. This led several Jewish scholars to conclude that, in order to bring
Judaism to the Jewish masses in the western Ottoman Empire, it should be done in their own language, Judaeo-Spanish, as educated men could read it, and it was written in
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settled in the
Ottoman Empire. These Jews bought with them their customs, culture and Judaeo-Spanish language. Hebrew remained the language of ritual, prayer and scholarship, but its comprehension by the Jewish masses had decreased. As time passed, many community leaders became concerned about the
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translated the works into Hebrew, although greatly deviated from the originals on their Nach commentaries and the book of Avoth. He also continued the Meam Loez work in Hebrew on many of the books of Nach that the sages before him did not write.
200:, which was to be a thorough commentary on the Bible in Judaeo-Spanish. The printing of Me'Am Lo'ez marked the emergence of large scale printing activity in Judaeo-Spanish in the western Ottoman Empire in general and in
413:. This translation made use of both Yerushalmi's Hebrew translation as well as Judaeo-Spanish manuscripts—which Kaplan checked against Yerushalmi's translation. The resulting work introduced Me'am Lo'ez to the broader
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435:
In 2000, Pilar Romeu published a critical edition of the indexes with a concordance and analysis. Another
Spanish scholar, Rosa Asenjo, published a translation of the
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printing. Their printing received criticism for the authors lack of knowledge in
Turkish and Judaeo-Spanish, resulting "in an edition filled with inaccuracies".
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Romeu, Pilar (2000): Las llaves del Meam loez: Edición crítica, concordada y analítica de los Índices del Meam loez de la Torá. Barcelona, 343 p.
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310:, due to its mass popularity—and the extensive notes already written by Rabbi Culi—a decision was taken to complete the commentaries. Rabbi
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Asenjo, Rosa: El Meam loez de Cantar de los
Cantares (Šir ha-širim) de Hayim Y. Šakí (Constantinopla, 1899) (Barcelona: Tirocinio, 2003).
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243:, as most Sephardic Jews could no longer read Hebrew. The title of the work comes from the first line of
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526:"Contribution of Hebrew Printing Houses and Printers in Istanbul to Ladino Culture and Scholarship"
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of the major fields of Torah study. The commentary was to be user-friendly and was thus written in
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275:
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196:. This major initiative was launched in 1730 with the printing of the first volume of
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In Rabbi Culi's time, many individuals in Turkey were not sufficiently fluent in the
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in the original. Rabbi Culi thus undertook the "colossal task" of writing a
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marked one of the first major printings of Judaeo-Spanish text in the
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545:"The History of the "Me'am Lo'ez": A Ladino Commentary on the Bible"
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every day will be able to answer in Heaven that he has learned the
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386:. With the decline of Judaeo-Spanish after the Holocaust, various
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While Rabbi Culi died only two years later after completing the
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260:); Rabbi Culi explains each chapter in detail according to the
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quickly became extremely popular in the Jewish communities of
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168:. It is perhaps the best known publication in that language.
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Torah, because all aspects of the Torah are covered on it".
443:) volume authored by Hayim Y. Šakí (Constantinople, 1899).
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were produced, and the work can still be found in many
595:"The Sephardic Classic of Constantinople: Me'am Lo'ez"
660:
420:In 1964, Gonzalo Maeso and Pascual Recuero, two
247:, where "Me'am Lo'ez" means "strange language".
498:Me-am lo'ez Turkish Translation by Gökhan Duran
549:European Judaism: A Journal for the New Europe
397:to this day. In 1967, a Hebrew translation,
318:, and wrote the commentary on the books of
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532:. 16–17: 127–135 – via Ebscohost.
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584:, Maznaim Publishing Corporation, 1977
250:The book was divided according to the
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542:
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405:. The first English translation, the
268:, as well as discussing the relevant
474:Jacob Culi's Hebrew Introduction to
409:, was written (primarily) by Rabbi
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13:
620:Salvaremos el Meam Loez del olvido
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684:Sephardi Jewish culture in Turkey
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488:: Commentary on the book of Ruth
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465:" - Champion of the common man
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543:Ginio, Alisa Meyuhas (2010).
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156:in 1730, is a widely studied
185:expulsion of Jews from Spain
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632:Institut Sepharade Europeen
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77:Shmeul Yerushalmi (Hebrew)
689:Judaeo-Spanish literature
348:Raphael Chiyya Pontremoli
340:Rachamim Menachem Mitrani
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57:Raphael Chiyya Pontremoli
53:Rachamim Menachem Mitrani
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492:University of Washington
401:, was produced by Rabbi
669:1730 non-fiction books
524:Simon, Rachel (2011).
332:Yitzhak Bechor Agruiti
152:), initiated by Rabbi
49:Yitzhak Bechor Agruiti
699:Biblical commentaries
453:Moznaim Publishing -
426:University of Granada
338:was written by Rabbi
679:Hebrew Bible studies
674:18th-century Judaism
334:. The commentary on
252:weekly Torah portion
628:Karen Gerson Sarhon
582:The Torah Anthology
530:Judaica Librianship
424:scholars, from the
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16:Book by Yaakov Culi
428:produced a modern
399:Yalkut Me'am Lo'ez
346:was done by Rabbi
330:was done by Rabbi
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352:Shmeul Yerushalmi
257:Parashat hashevua
183:. Following the
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128:Publication place
61:Shmeul Yerushalmi
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597:. Archived from
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403:Shmuel Kravitzer
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274:as based on the
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119:Publication date
80:Shmuel Kravitzer
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407:Torah Anthology
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312:Yitzhak Magriso
304:Book of Genesis
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234:Jewish language
214:Hebrew language
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204:in particular.
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447:External links
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344:Book of Esther
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277:Shulchan Aruch
241:Jews in Turkey
236:spoken by the
230:Judaeo-Spanish
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202:Constantinople
187:in 1492, many
181:Ottoman Empire
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603:. Retrieved
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502:(in Turkish)
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469:Aryeh Kaplan
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441:Šir ha-širim
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411:Aryeh Kaplan
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388:translations
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90:Gökhan Duran
85:Aryeh Kaplan
20:Me'am Lo'ez
624:(in Ladino)
486:Me-am lo'ez
480:(in Hebrew)
476:Me'Am Lo'Ez
355: [
328:Deuteronomy
306:and 2/3 of
198:Me'Am Lo'ez
177:Me'Am Lo'ez
164:written in
154:Yaakov Culi
141:Me'am Lo'ez
64: [
41:Yaakov Culi
663:Categories
605:2006-10-02
511:References
395:synagogues
372:Me'am Loez
314:completed
298:Authorship
288:Me'am Loez
226:compendium
158:commentary
113:commentary
74:Translator
561:0014-3006
490:courtesy
467:by Rabbi
463:MeAm Loez
455:Meam Loez
415:Ashkenazi
378:, Spain,
320:Leviticus
245:Psalm 114
238:Sephardic
123:1730–1777
92:(Turkish)
87:(English)
422:Catholic
392:Orthodox
350:. Rabbi
220:and its
150:מעם לועז
97:Language
82:(Hebrew)
566:27 July
430:Spanish
417:world.
380:Morocco
324:Numbers
271:Halacha
262:Midrash
208:Content
172:History
160:on the
107:Subject
559:
376:Turkey
342:. The
336:Joshua
316:Exodus
308:Exodus
266:Talmud
232:, the
162:Tanakh
146:Hebrew
132:Turkey
111:Tanakh
37:Author
461:The "
384:Egypt
359:]
292:whole
218:Torah
68:]
31:Cover
568:2024
557:ISSN
382:and
370:The
322:and
280:and
264:and
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357:he
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