39:
312:
681:
1865:
768:
access to sensitive government material. Most of the larger media outlets formed a coalition, Right To Know, to represent the protest and demand six changes in legislation. The demands are, for the ability to contest any search warrant of a journalist or news entity while the search warrant is under request, reform of whistleblower protection, new limitations on which documents may be classified as secret, changes in
1877:
715:. In response, on 18 February 2021, Facebook blocked Australian users from sharing or viewing news content on its platform. The Australian government strongly criticised the move, saying it demonstrated the "immense market power of these digital social giants". A few days later, Australia and Facebook came to an agreement on restoring news pages.
137:. Most of Australia's heavily populated cities are serviced by all three networks. Some rural or regional areas may receive a more limited selection, often with some of the channels available showing programming from more than one of the major networks. An example of such a "shared" regional network is
652:
in 2006, Australia was in 35th position on a list of countries ranked by Press
Freedom; well behind New Zealand (19th) and United Kingdom (27th) (but well ahead of the US, ranked 53rd). This ranking was primarily due to the restrictions imposed by the recent anti-terrorism laws. The problem, and the
767:
In
Australia itself, newspaper outlets normally driven by partisanship and advertising exhibited a surprisingly united show of protest on 21 October as they published front pages with the appearance of documents having been blacked out by government censors. The protest demanded journalists gain
202:
and its
Neighbourhood Cable network in parts of Victoria. Other providers of Internet television in Australia offer free content or PPV, but don't offer a subscription product. UBI World TV offers a number of ethnic satellite TV and Radio channels nationwide, and other small companies offer some
186:
In mid-2016 the number of
Australians with access to some form of pay television outstripped those with without. At the end of 2019 14.5 million Australians had access to some form of Pay TV or Subscription TV, with the combined audience of these platforms equalling almost 70% of the population.
276:
The service offers a broad range of film and television content from both local and foreign productions, particularly from the United States and United
Kingdom. Stan also includes a growing library of their own original film and television content. With over 2.6 million subscribers, as of
182:
in both metropolitan, regional and rural areas offering nearly all
Australian channels via cable & satellite TV in capital cities, and mostly the same channels are offered by Foxtel via satellite TV (predominantly) in regional areas with the recent merger with Austar in 2012.
270:. In August 2014, each company invested A$ 50 million in StreamCo. StreamCo was renamed Stan Entertainment in December 2014, prior to the January 2015 launch of the streaming service. Nine Entertainment acquired Fairfax Media in 2018, making Stan a wholly owned subsidiary of
552:(ACMA) is the broadcasting regulator for radio and television in Australia, and also the co-regulatory Online Content Scheme. Consumers who have complaints about programs on television and radio or certain types of content on the Internet can apply to the ACMA. The
698:
on their platforms. The law's definition of news is broad, including "content that reports, investigates or explains ... current issues or events of public significance for
Australians at a local, regional or national level." Originating in April 2020, when the
76:, in reflection of rising media censorship and intimidation of journalists in the country, including media companies maintaining close ties to political leaders, fueling doubts about editorial independence. Two giant firms dominate mass media in Australia –
1684:
544:
through its power to make laws governing telecommunications. The
Australian states and territories also have important roles in this area, notably in the area of defamation law, although their laws may not conflict with a valid federal law.
1798:
165:
as communications minister, there were two significant changes. Foreign ownership limits were scrapped, government changed the cross-media ownership rules to allow ownership of two out of three media types.
1674:
1488:
2081:
2046:
736:'s home, looking for information connected to a story she had written a year earlier about new laws that would give the security forces new powers for surveillance over Australian citizens. Radio host
1745:
563:
is the self-regulatory body of the print media. The
Council deals with complaints from the public about editorial material in newspapers and magazines published in Australia, and aims to maintain the
329:. Each state and territory has one or two dominant daily newspapers which focus upon the major national news while also containing news of importance for the state that it is sold in. These include:
42:
Adults employed in the information media and telecommunications industries as a percentage of the adult population in
Australia divided geographically by statistical local area, as of the 2011 census
1652:
2086:
1715:
900:
1376:
2096:
1771:
220:
was released in Australia and New Zealand 24 March 2015. As of February 2019, 11.2 million Australians had a Netflix subscription in their household, up 25% on a year before that.
38:
2705:
2056:
2041:
2013:
147:
free-to-air broadcasts commenced on 1 January 2001. Analogue broadcasts were originally intended to be phased out by 2008, however analogue phaseout was not achieved until 2013.
1980:
2076:
2036:
1821:
1099:
2071:
2051:
1794:
194:
There are several smaller competitors offer a subset of channels – with Fetch TV entering the market in 2010 with a subscription service over a few ADSL2+ networks, and
597:– News Corp-owned titles account for nearly two-thirds (64.2 per cent) of metropolitan circulation and Nine-owned papers account for a further quarter (26.4 per cent).
1071:
3112:
932:
1480:
747:
over a story about alleged war crimes in Afghanistan. The search warrant allowed the police to "add, copy, delete or alter" any files they found on the computers.
1212:
2091:
1454:
1178:
1151:
645:
These changes came into effect in 2007 and are still in Force. The changes relaxed restrictions against cross-media ownership & control by a single company.
2066:
1026:
125:
In addition to the public broadcasters which are available to almost all of Australia's population, there are three major commercial television networks: the
1737:
640:
2722:
2061:
2018:
69:. Varieties include local, regional, state, federal and international sources of media, reporting on Australian news, opinion, policy, issues and culture.
608:. Although much of the everyday mainstream news is drawn from the AAP, all the privately owned media outlets still compete with each other for exclusive
3317:
978:
531:
801:
553:
3362:
1935:
1511:
1644:
1048:
88:. The country was ranked 19th out of 180 countries in 2018, before subsequently dropping to 26th out of 180 countries for 2020 and 39th in 2022.
2603:
1541:
1429:
704:
228:
663:. As of 2018 these rankings have changed with Australia moving up to 19th, New Zealand moving up to 8th and the United Kingdom falling to 40th.
1707:
890:
549:
150:
After heated debate in the early 2000s over a Bill that would have removed the foreign ownership restrictions of broadcasting TV licences, the
1565:
1257:
478:
stations in the 1960s, but it wasn't until July 1980 that the first FM station commenced full operations. Melbourne-based 3EON (now known as
2608:
1849:
1373:
2873:
690:(NMBC, or News Media and Digital Platforms Mandatory Bargaining Code) is a law designed to have large technology platforms that operate in
1619:
1321:
1767:
3862:
2129:
858:
231:
floated a proposal to subject Netflix to local content requirements. However, this proposal was ultimately rejected by the government.
30:
1290:
1003:
585:
compared to other western countries. Ownership of national and the newspapers of each capital city are dominated by two corporations,
227:. Research has found that Australian film and television made up less than 2% of Netflix's Australian catalogue in 2018. In 2020, the
4012:
2376:
485:
In 2009, there were 274 operational commercial stations (funded by advertising) and 341 community (publicly funded) radio stations.
4017:
3752:
1909:
796:
955:
604:(AAP) is owned by a not-for-profit organisation. The AAP distributes the news and then sells it on to other outlets such as the
203:
channels via satellite, especially foreign services or free-to-air channels, and some channels are available over the Internet.
3932:
2650:
2460:
2268:
2182:
3462:
3103:
2546:
2386:
1345:
3217:
2662:
2202:
2197:
2192:
556:
is a set of regulatory guidelines, registered with the ACMA, with which commercial television broadcasters should comply.
391:
207:
922:
3049:
2993:
2888:
2394:
2228:
2142:
744:
660:
605:
520:
489:
461:
325:
There are two national and 10 state/territory daily newspapers, 35 regional dailies and 470 other regional and suburban
3587:
3056:
2187:
2167:
1950:
1204:
17:
3897:
2598:
2499:
2399:
2319:
2253:
1844:
863:
158:
was set to remove this law sometime in 2007, having gained parliamentary approval to change the legislation in 2006.
4002:
3937:
3312:
2326:
2263:
2248:
1536:
1252:
582:
376:
836:
3942:
3392:
3342:
2767:
2566:
2556:
2492:
2233:
2207:
512:
446:
367:
707:(ACCC) to begin drafting it, it achieved broad support in the Australian Parliament but staunch opposition from
4007:
3717:
2853:
2752:
2472:
2450:
2356:
2162:
2122:
1970:
772:, exemption from national security laws enacted over the previous seven years, and reforms of defamation laws.
577:
1566:"Facebook news ban drops reader traffic to news stories by 13 per cent within Australia, Chartbeat data shows"
3732:
3682:
3652:
3003:
2920:
2796:
2645:
2638:
2509:
2455:
2258:
2238:
118:
were introduced to television in 1956, with the other states and territories following suit up to 1971 (the
2988:
2782:
2519:
2482:
2361:
2351:
2223:
1848:
Kim Jackson, Parliament of Australia- Parliamentary Library, Media Ownership Regulation in Australia, 2003
1430:"ParlInfo - Treasury Laws Amendment (News Media and Digital Platforms Mandatory Bargaining Code) Bill 2021"
516:
505:
416:
337:
3417:
2757:
2715:
2710:
2657:
2404:
2371:
2299:
1902:
601:
1407:
3912:
3817:
3792:
3777:
3242:
2823:
2727:
2581:
2536:
2440:
1855:
687:
673:
616:
371:, which are owned by different companies. Nearly all major metropolitan newspapers are owned either by
252:
619:, with significant holdings in all states and territories. Rural Press received a takeover offer from
3852:
3827:
3822:
3677:
3657:
3477:
3337:
3167:
3122:
3096:
2943:
2900:
2848:
2747:
2593:
2561:
2477:
2467:
2435:
2115:
1960:
751:
725:
649:
331:
3952:
3872:
3627:
3617:
3592:
3557:
3517:
3492:
3387:
3292:
3267:
3177:
3162:
2858:
2843:
2690:
2526:
2487:
2314:
1455:"Understanding Facebook's News Ban in Australia, and What it Means for the Platform Moving Forward"
1247:
655:
560:
248:
241:
224:
29:"Media ownership in Australia" redirects here. For a listing of media companies in Australia, see
3962:
3837:
3797:
3707:
3662:
3597:
3552:
3447:
3412:
3142:
3008:
2883:
2863:
2838:
2818:
2571:
2541:
2366:
2243:
2172:
791:
786:
626:
There are rules governing foreign ownership of Australian media and these rules were loosened by
541:
326:
304:
223:
Netflix has been criticised for not "telling" Australian stories by former ABC managing director
175:
104:
1481:"Treasury Laws Amendment (News Media and Digital Platforms Mandatory Bargaining Code) Bill 2021"
3982:
3882:
3877:
3807:
3802:
3742:
3722:
3697:
3612:
3572:
3567:
3502:
3427:
3357:
3287:
3257:
3252:
3237:
3222:
3182:
2915:
2893:
2868:
2833:
2813:
2777:
2615:
2586:
2576:
2551:
2514:
2445:
2282:
2177:
1945:
1895:
1313:
1100:"Real long-term thinking on TV would mean Netflix and Stan are treated the same as free-to-air"
781:
769:
631:
380:
1233:
3967:
3957:
3947:
3927:
3902:
3812:
3782:
3757:
3672:
3637:
3632:
3622:
3607:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3437:
3432:
3397:
3372:
3352:
3347:
3327:
3322:
3297:
3247:
3212:
3192:
3187:
3172:
3157:
3147:
3132:
3127:
2978:
2910:
2808:
2762:
2625:
2531:
2418:
2304:
1995:
1156:
923:"14.5 million Australians already have Pay TV / Subscription TV as Disney+ enters the market"
700:
317:
258:. It was launched on 26 January 2015. Stan originally was founded as StreamCo Media, a 50/50
1768:"World media condemns Australian Federal Police raids targeting journalists | SBS News"
1708:"Police leave ABC headquarters with files after hours-long raid over special forces stories"
868:
3977:
3922:
3917:
3907:
3867:
3847:
3787:
3767:
3762:
3737:
3712:
3687:
3602:
3562:
3527:
3512:
3507:
3487:
3467:
3407:
3377:
3307:
3262:
3232:
3227:
3207:
3197:
3137:
3089:
3042:
3013:
2935:
2772:
2742:
2678:
2633:
2346:
2341:
2309:
2294:
2150:
1990:
1282:
1124:
564:
475:
408:
8:
3972:
3892:
3857:
3842:
3832:
3772:
3747:
3702:
3667:
3647:
3642:
3582:
3547:
3497:
3482:
3472:
3442:
3422:
3402:
3382:
3332:
3282:
3277:
3202:
2963:
2905:
2737:
2700:
2430:
1985:
1975:
1965:
1955:
729:
586:
385:
115:
81:
73:
1072:"ABC opposes quotas as Coalition plans to force Netflix to make more Australian content"
311:
3887:
3727:
3692:
3577:
3522:
3457:
3452:
3367:
3302:
3272:
3065:
3023:
2998:
2983:
2973:
2968:
2958:
2925:
2828:
2732:
2336:
2331:
1940:
806:
594:
479:
465:
437:
425:
397:
355:
286:
263:
151:
144:
119:
77:
441:. Increasingly, news material is published online in Australia, sometimes exclusively.
2953:
2695:
255:
155:
154:
chose to retain the foreign-ownership restrictions in its 1992 Broadcasting Act. The
1590:
1512:"Media Bargaining Code enters Parliament despite Google and Facebook's best efforts"
635:
3070:
2504:
1869:
1364:
Calculated from circulation figures of metropolitan newspapers quoted in Knowledge.
733:
653:
concentration of media ownership, was one of many mentioned on the television show
457:
50:
1738:"Australia: ABC offices raided by police in connection with 'Afghan Files' series"
1027:"Netflix won't tell Australian stories. We need the ABC for that, says Mark Scott"
456:
Australia's first regular radio broadcasts began on 23 November 1923 with station
1380:
1349:
1342:
638:
which allowed for changes to the cross-media and foreign ownership laws with the
609:
535:
501:
111:
1611:
1049:"Local film and TV content makes up just 1.6% of Netflix's Australian catalogue"
2948:
895:
760:
708:
497:
361:
188:
1179:"Australia's subscription entertainment market growth eases but remains vital"
474:
in Sydney, just after midnight on 17 April 1967. ABC began experimenting with
49:
spans traditional and digital formats, and caters mostly to its predominantly
3996:
620:
493:
431:
267:
259:
126:
1236:, by James O'Brien and Lawrence Champness, ABC Local Radio, 22 November 2013
680:
1881:
1076:
627:
372:
271:
162:
130:
3081:
3018:
2878:
1679:
737:
581:, administered by the ACMA. Even with laws in place Australia has a high
404:
1887:
979:"Netflix says it will launch in Australia and New Zealand in March 2015"
927:
828:
467:
412:
349:
281:
2023 Stan is the fourth largest streaming service in Australia, behind
134:
58:
2138:
2107:
1529:
1128:
695:
691:
420:
85:
62:
1620:"Facebook to restore news pages for Australian users in coming days"
1117:
1595:
590:
508:
which also delivers multilingual Australian-produced news content.
282:
199:
195:
1422:
1205:"Top Sites by Category: Regional/Oceania/Australia/News and Media"
1795:"Australian newspapers redact front pages to protest media curbs"
1706:
Knowles, Lorna; Worthington, Elise; Blumer, Clare (5 June 2019).
1385:
694:
pay local news publishers for the news content made available or
343:
290:
217:
138:
1843:
The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Media in Australia
1583:
740:
also said he was under investigation for some of his reporting.
575:
Controls over media ownership in Australia are laid down in the
1792:
1591:"Facebook blocks Australian users from viewing or sharing news"
1473:
1343:
Department of Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy
712:
179:
1876:
750:
The incidents caused an outcry of condemnation, even from the
198:
offering TV via its own VDSL, VDSL2 and FTTP/FTTH networks in
53:
population. It is delivered in a variety of formats including
1503:
1399:
956:"Netflix arrival will be a tipping point for TV in Australia"
54:
1234:"90th Anniversary of the station that became 702 ABC Sydney"
1143:
1645:"PM defends AFP raid on journalist Annika Smethurst's home"
1623:
641:
Broadcasting Services Amendment (Media Ownership) Bill 2006
278:
66:
1125:"Video streaming service Stan to launch on Australia Day"
755:
492:
which operates 4 national radio news networks (including
471:
191:
have gained continual growth since entering the market.
174:
Approximately 25% of Australian households had access to
1705:
1152:"Fairfax, Nine announce joint venture streaming service"
187:
Netflix remains the market leader, although Foxtel and
623:
in late 2006, and completed the merger on 8 May 2007.
540:
Regulation of the media is principally assured by the
1853:
1004:"Netflix surges beyond 11 million users in Australia"
1822:"Why Australia's Front Pages Have Been Blacked Out"
1793:Colin Packham, Jonathan Barrett (20 October 2019).
1675:"Ben Fordham targeted after AFP raid journo's home"
1047:Lobato, Ramon; Scarlata, Alexa (15 October 2018).
532:Regulations on television programming in Australia
251:(stylised as Stan.) is an Australian subscription
178:services by the end of 2005. The main provider is
169:
802:Australian Commercial Television Code of Practice
3994:
1542:Australian Competition & Consumer Commission
705:Australian Competition & Consumer Commission
403:Other notable newspapers and news websites are:
315:Newspapers being loaded onto trucks outside the
229:Australian Competition & Consumer Commission
1819:
1485:The Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia
550:Australian Communications & Media Authority
297:
1046:
891:"The history of media regulation in Australia"
3097:
2123:
1903:
666:
593:but is now based from the United States) and
488:National news radio broadcasters include the
122:). Colour television was introduced in 1975.
1246:Arneil, Chris; Butler, Rod (12 April 2017).
1245:
504:and several digital radio stations; and the
3111:
3104:
3090:
2130:
2116:
1910:
1896:
1618:Choudhury, Saheli Roy (22 February 2021).
1509:
859:"Australian television history and trivia"
31:Category:Mass media companies of Australia
1917:
1617:
797:Australian media personalities (Category)
615:Rural and regional media is dominated by
1311:
679:
359:. The two national daily newspapers are
310:
37:
1563:
1360:
1358:
976:
953:
829:"Australia | Reporters Without Borders"
823:
821:
812:
72:Australia has been on a decline on the
14:
3995:
2137:
1374:Rural Press, Fairfax officially merged
1097:
554:Commercial Television Code of Practice
3085:
2111:
1891:
1510:Barbaschow, Asha (10 December 2020).
1491:from the original on 18 February 2021
1277:
1275:
1149:
1069:
1024:
977:Delaney, Bridget (19 November 2014).
659:, broadcast on the government funded
460:(later to become 2BL) in Sydney. The
1801:from the original on 21 October 2019
1564:Meixner, Sophie (19 February 2021).
1355:
1312:Mishkind, Barry (26 November 2000).
818:
383:, with notable exceptions including
208:Subscription television in Australia
1820:Charles Miranda (20 October 2019).
1570:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
1293:from the original on 18 August 2018
935:from the original on 24 August 2020
606:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
521:List of radio stations in Australia
490:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
24:
1813:
1786:
1272:
1150:White, Dominic (5 November 2014).
1098:Simons, Margaret (16 April 2020).
1070:Meade, Amanda (27 November 2019).
903:from the original on 28 March 2019
839:from the original on 28 April 2022
570:
500:), 53 local news stations through
321:office, O’Connell St, Sydney, 1920
25:
4029:
1324:from the original on 14 June 2017
1260:from the original on 12 June 2018
1253:National Film & Sound Archive
864:Australian Broadcasting Authority
743:The next day, the AFP raided the
96:
84:, a subsidiary of American-based
4013:Mass media in Oceania by country
3318:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1875:
1863:
1774:from the original on 6 June 2019
1748:from the original on 6 June 2019
1718:from the original on 5 June 2019
1687:from the original on 6 June 2019
1655:from the original on 6 June 2019
1410:from the original on 22 May 2020
1400:"2020 World Press Freedom Index"
1215:from the original on 11 May 2015
728:conducted a raid on the home of
719:
672:This section is an excerpt from
583:concentration of media ownership
303:This section is an excerpt from
240:This section is an excerpt from
4018:Freedom of the press by country
1760:
1730:
1699:
1667:
1637:
1557:
1447:
1392:
1367:
1336:
1305:
1239:
1227:
1197:
1171:
1091:
1063:
954:C-Scott, Marc (12 March 2015).
513:Radio broadcasting in Australia
447:List of newspapers in Australia
368:The Australian Financial Review
170:Pay TV & Streaming Services
3363:Federated States of Micronesia
1936:Federated States of Micronesia
1314:"Australian Broadcast History"
1040:
1025:Meade, Amanda (4 April 2019).
1018:
996:
970:
947:
915:
883:
851:
578:Broadcasting Services Act 1992
401:in the nation's capital city.
13:
1:
525:
91:
1537:"News media bargaining code"
1248:"50 years of talkback radio"
517:Timeline of Australian radio
506:Special Broadcasting Service
464:began broadcasting in 1932.
298:Newspapers and news websites
7:
1283:"25 years of Commercial FM"
1006:. Roy Morgan. 19 March 2019
775:
602:Australian Associated Press
536:Defamation § Australia
10:
4034:
688:News Media Bargaining Code
674:News Media Bargaining Code
671:
667:News Media Bargaining Code
617:Australian Community Media
529:
510:
444:
302:
239:
212:
205:
102:
28:
3119:
3036:
2934:
2804:
2795:
2686:
2677:
2624:
2500:Intelligence and security
2426:
2417:
2385:
2290:
2281:
2216:
2158:
2149:
2027:
2004:
1923:
1404:Reporters without borders
752:Reporters Without Borders
726:Australian Federal Police
650:Reporters Without Borders
470:was first broadcast with
332:The Sydney Morning Herald
2082:Northern Mariana Islands
589:, (which was founded in
561:Australian Press Council
482:) was the first to air.
451:
242:Stan (streaming service)
4003:Mass media in Australia
3113:Mass media in the World
2047:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
792:Journalism in Australia
787:Censorship in Australia
327:newspapers in Australia
305:Newspapers in Australia
234:
105:Television in Australia
47:Mass media in Australia
3218:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2894:Indigenous Australians
2395:States and territories
782:Canberra Press Gallery
770:freedom of information
684:
381:Nine Entertainment Co.
322:
43:
4008:Mass media by country
3863:São Tomé and Príncipe
3753:Republic of the Congo
2188:Territorial evolution
2030:and other territories
1918:Mass media in Oceania
1318:The Broadcast Archive
1157:Sydney Morning Herald
701:Australian Government
683:
318:Sydney Morning Herald
314:
41:
3933:United Arab Emirates
2634:Cabinet of Australia
2609:Government ministers
2377:World Heritage Sites
2183:European exploration
1379:4 March 2008 at the
813:References and notes
565:freedom of the press
3898:Trinidad and Tobago
2706:Gross state product
1459:Google Partner Team
1434:parlinfo.aph.gov.au
1348:30 May 2009 at the
871:on 10 December 2005
730:News Corp Australia
724:On 4 June 2019 the
636:Act No. 129 of 2006
587:News Corp Australia
386:The West Australian
338:The Daily Telegraph
82:News Corp Australia
74:Press Freedom Index
3024:Australian studies
2959:Australian English
2768:Telecommunications
2604:Government leaders
2547:Political ideology
1599:. 19 February 2021
1051:. The Conversation
958:. The Conversation
899:. 6 October 2015.
807:Convergence Review
685:
595:Nine Entertainment
542:Federal Government
438:The Saturday Paper
426:Guardian Australia
398:The Canberra Times
375:, a subsidiary of
356:The Canberra Times
323:
287:Amazon Prime Video
264:Nine Entertainment
152:Keating government
120:Northern Territory
78:Nine Entertainment
44:
18:Media of Australia
3990:
3989:
3343:Equatorial Guinea
3079:
3078:
3032:
3031:
2854:Human trafficking
2791:
2790:
2673:
2672:
2473:Foreign relations
2413:
2412:
2277:
2276:
2224:Asian Australians
2105:
2104:
2097:Wallis and Futuna
2005:Associated states
1131:. 22 January 2015
632:Howard Government
413:Seven News Online
256:streaming service
156:Howard government
16:(Redirected from
4025:
3718:Papua New Guinea
3588:Marshall Islands
3106:
3099:
3092:
3083:
3082:
3059:
3052:
3045:
2921:Waste management
2802:
2801:
2723:Household income
2684:
2683:
2646:Governor-General
2456:Electoral system
2424:
2423:
2288:
2287:
2156:
2155:
2132:
2125:
2118:
2109:
2108:
2087:Pitcairn Islands
2057:French Polynesia
2042:Christmas Island
1971:Papua New Guinea
1951:Marshall Islands
1924:Sovereign states
1912:
1905:
1898:
1889:
1888:
1880:
1879:
1868:
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1866:
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1471:
1470:
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1444:
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1426:
1420:
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1417:
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1396:
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1371:
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1362:
1353:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1289:. 12 July 2005.
1279:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1243:
1237:
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1225:
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1222:
1220:
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1190:
1185:. 28 August 2023
1175:
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944:
942:
940:
919:
913:
912:
910:
908:
887:
881:
880:
878:
876:
867:. Archived from
855:
849:
848:
846:
844:
825:
734:Annika Smethurst
392:The Sunday Times
377:News Corporation
353:(Melbourne) and
51:English-speaking
21:
4033:
4032:
4028:
4027:
4026:
4024:
4023:
4022:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3986:
3683:North Macedonia
3115:
3110:
3080:
3075:
3062:
3055:
3048:
3041:
3028:
2989:Public holidays
2930:
2874:Life expectancy
2787:
2669:
2620:
2409:
2381:
2367:Protected areas
2273:
2212:
2145:
2136:
2106:
2101:
2029:
2023:
2006:
2000:
1981:Solomon Islands
1919:
1916:
1886:
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1704:
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1690:
1688:
1683:. 4 June 2019.
1673:
1672:
1668:
1658:
1656:
1651:. 5 June 2019.
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1423:
1413:
1411:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1381:Wayback Machine
1372:
1368:
1363:
1356:
1352:Updated: 3/5/10
1350:Wayback Machine
1341:
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921:
920:
916:
906:
904:
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888:
884:
874:
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857:
856:
852:
842:
840:
827:
826:
819:
815:
778:
722:
717:
716:
677:
669:
573:
571:Media ownership
538:
528:
523:
502:ABC Local Radio
454:
449:
443:
442:
417:SBS News Online
409:ABC News Online
308:
300:
295:
294:
245:
237:
215:
210:
172:
112:New South Wales
107:
99:
94:
65:, internet and
34:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4031:
4021:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3938:United Kingdom
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
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3600:
3595:
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3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
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3330:
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3320:
3315:
3313:Czech Republic
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
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3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
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3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3109:
3108:
3101:
3094:
3086:
3077:
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3061:
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3053:
3046:
3038:
3037:
3034:
3033:
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3029:
3027:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
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2996:
2991:
2986:
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2976:
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2966:
2961:
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2940:
2938:
2932:
2931:
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2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2805:
2799:
2793:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2783:Welfare system
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2758:Superannuation
2755:
2753:Stock exchange
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2716:Public housing
2711:Home ownership
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2687:
2681:
2675:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2658:Prime Minister
2655:
2654:
2653:
2643:
2642:
2641:
2630:
2628:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2616:Shadow Cabinet
2613:
2612:
2611:
2606:
2596:
2594:Public Service
2591:
2590:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2502:
2497:
2496:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2475:
2470:
2468:Federal budget
2465:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2427:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2408:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2391:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2300:Climate change
2297:
2291:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2229:Constitutional
2226:
2220:
2218:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2159:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2135:
2134:
2127:
2120:
2112:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2077:Norfolk Island
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2037:American Samoa
2033:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2010:
2008:
2007:of New Zealand
2002:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1927:
1925:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1914:
1907:
1900:
1892:
1885:
1884:
1872:
1852:
1851:
1846:
1839:
1838:
1812:
1785:
1759:
1729:
1698:
1666:
1636:
1610:
1582:
1556:
1545:. 26 July 2020
1528:
1502:
1472:
1446:
1421:
1391:
1366:
1354:
1335:
1304:
1271:
1238:
1226:
1196:
1170:
1142:
1116:
1090:
1062:
1039:
1017:
995:
969:
946:
914:
896:Radio National
882:
850:
816:
814:
811:
810:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
777:
774:
761:New York Times
721:
718:
678:
670:
668:
665:
572:
569:
527:
524:
498:Radio National
468:Talkback radio
453:
450:
395:in Perth, and
362:The Australian
350:The Herald Sun
309:
301:
299:
296:
246:
238:
236:
233:
214:
211:
176:pay television
171:
168:
161:In 2007, with
109:
108:
103:Main article:
98:
97:Free-to-air TV
95:
93:
90:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4030:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3943:United States
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3418:Guinea-Bissau
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3118:
3114:
3107:
3102:
3100:
3095:
3093:
3088:
3087:
3084:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3058:
3054:
3051:
3047:
3044:
3040:
3039:
3035:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2937:
2933:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2889:Ethnic groups
2887:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
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2944:Architecture
2901:Prostitution
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2849:Homelessness
2748:Reserve Bank
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2436:Constitution
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2327:Earthquakes
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2249:Immigration
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1961:New Zealand
1831:20 February
1805:20 February
1797:. Reuters.
1680:News.com.au
1629:22 February
1603:21 February
1575:21 February
1549:21 February
1521:18 February
1495:20 February
1465:20 February
1439:20 February
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2208:Since 1945
2173:Prehistory
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928:Roy Morgan
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630:under the
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526:Regulation
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206:See also:
135:Network 10
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3183:Barbados
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1716:Archived
1712:ABC News
1685:Archived
1653:Archived
1649:ABC News
1596:BBC News
1489:Archived
1487:. 2021.
1408:Archived
1377:Archived
1346:Archived
1322:Archived
1291:Archived
1258:Archived
1213:Archived
933:Archived
907:27 March
901:Archived
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758:and the
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591:Adelaide
480:Triple M
344:The Age
262:between
200:Canberra
196:TransACT
116:Victoria
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3948:Uruguay
3928:Ukraine
3903:Tunisia
3813:Somalia
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3758:Romania
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3638:Namibia
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3623:Morocco
3608:Moldova
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3398:Germany
3393:Georgia
3373:Finland
3353:Estonia
3348:Eritrea
3328:Ecuador
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3298:Croatia
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3213:Bolivia
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2092:Tokelau
1996:Vanuatu
1856:Portals
1386:The Age
1183:Telsyte
1109:1 March
1083:1 March
1055:1 March
1032:1 March
1010:1 March
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291:Netflix
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213:Netflix
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