Television in Australia

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established worldwide distribution networks; additionally, since most American production houses and networks were based in Los Angeles, they had access to resources and expertise built up over decades by the Hollywood movie studios. These disadvantages were further exacerbated by the fact that American producers and networks offered Australian channels significant discount rates on bundled programming. Taken as a whole, these factors meant that local producers were faced with a relative production-cost ratio on the order of 10:1 or more in favour of the imported product.

496: 715:(known as the Vincent Committee) presented its report to federal parliament and its findings painted a bleak picture for local producers—the Committee found that 97% percent of all television drama shown on Australian TV between 1956 and 1963 was imported from the United States, and it criticised the ABCB for failing to use its powers to enforce local content standards on television broadcasters, particularly the commercial stations. The Vincent Report recommended a sweeping program of reforms but none were implemented by the Menzies Government at that time. 6927: 290: 1328:

facilities to feed the emerging colour broadcast industry. To accommodate producers and film aesthetics, VTC also installed comprehensive 'film-to-tape' (telecine) capabilities as they grew. However the networks and government were locked in their own battles, and despite being ready for full-colour operation from around 1971, VTC was hobbled until 1973–74 before the content would ever reach "the masses". Around that same time, Royce Smeale/ECV arrived to offer a complementary service with more emphasis on production and OB services.

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far smaller extent) Great Britain. In this period nearly every TV drama screened in Australia came from the US and the few programs that were made locally were almost all produced by the ABC. In other formats, the few locally produced programs made by or for commercial stations were typically low-cost copies of proven American talk/variety or quiz show formats. By the early 1960s, at least 80% of all Australian TV content was sourced from the US and not surprisingly American programs consistently topped the ratings.

49: 2681: 4333: 4347: 2574: 397: 1658:. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation and other commercial broadcasters were able to broadcast to the more remote areas of Australia without needing to set up a new station, and by the end of 1986 the Australian Broadcasting Corporation were broadcasting both television and radio to remote areas of Australia. By 1980, commercial television in Australia accounted for 33% of all mainstream 4267:'s launch in 2001 to win all 40 weeks in a ratings season. As of 2016, it has won the last ten ratings seasons consecutively. ABC has also, since the early 2000s, seen ratings (as well as audience reach) as a major performance indicator. The Nine Network has, in the past, aggressively marketed its long-time ratings dominance through its promotional campaign " 593:. The ABC, as an independent government authority, was not subject to the regulation of the ABCB and instead answered directly to the Postmaster-General and ultimately to the Minister for Posts and Telegraphs (a situation that provoked bitter complaints from commercial radio in the mid-1970s when the ABC established its controversial youth station 779:, it was estimated that in 1956 less than 5% of the residents in Melbourne, and fewer than 1% in Sydney, owned a television set, which at the time cost, on average, six to ten weeks' wages. During these early years, broadcast days were very short—all stations including the ABC-only broadcast programs for a few hours each day and broadcast the 4063:(NITV) is (since 2012) a national, free-to-air channel dedicated to Indigenous stories, news, films and issues, with programming produced largely by Indigenous people, funded through SBS. In early 2016, it refreshed its brand and revamped its schedule, with an increased focus on its central charter, Indigenous news and current affairs. 1065:. The entire 10-hour program was televised live and several hundred thousand people across Australia sat up through the night to watch it. One newspaper reported that the picture was so clear that hundreds of viewers rang a Sydney television station to seek assurance that the pictures really were being broadcast live from Canada. 5061: 997: 1261:

Numerous television stations were launched, mainly concentrated around the southern and eastern parts of the country. By the turn of the decade, the takeup of television had increased dramatically – by 1960 up to 70% of homes in Sydney and Melbourne had a television set. Following its introduction to

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in Sydney. More third-licence stations were established in other capitals and regional cities over the next few years and by the late Sixties these stations joined forces to create Australia's third commercial network, originally known as the Independent Television System (ITS), then later changed to

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newspaper group controlled ATN-7 in Sydney. In the view of some media historians, these arrangements established a pattern of "high-level political allegiances between commercial broadcasters and Liberal-National Party governments" and that, as a result, the ABCB "was left very weak and uncertain in

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to allow for the granting of commercial licences, thus providing the legislative framework for a dual system of TV ownership. This structure was directly modeled on the long-established two-tiered structure of Australian broadcast radio—one tier being the stations in a new national, government-funded

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The economic situation at the time that TV was established in Australia exerted a pivotal influence on the foundation and subsequent history of the industry. When the decision was made to go ahead with granting the first licences for broadcast TV in the early 1950s, Australia was in a recession, with

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Many programs shown in these times on commercial networks are taken from American television, while ABC has a mixture of Australian and British productions. SBS, as a multicultural broadcaster, shows a range of programs produced locally and overseas in a number of languages. Imported programming has

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in May 1995, two cable services that offered more variety than Galaxy TV. Foxtel commenced by supplying programs to Galaxy's subscribers on an interim basis. In 1999 Foxtel was able to significantly boost its customer base by acquiring Galaxy TV's subscribers from the Australis Media liquidator and

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In the early stages of the 2010s, several governmental analysts observed that commercial networks were having trouble making the transition to digital television and subsequently, a $ 250m rebate was implemented on their licensing fees. The government-funded stations, ABC and SBS, received increased

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In the first decade after the first TV licences were granted, the federal government and the ABCB did not act to enforce local content quotas, and such measures were resisted by the commercial sector. As a result, Australian TV was soon dominated by material imported from the United States and (to a

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company sponsored a series of closed-circuit broadcasts in capital cities produced by Frank Cave. These broadcasts were elaborate, usually opened by a local politician, and featured many people appearing on camera – singing, playing instruments, and giving demonstrations of cooking, sport, and magic

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has proven to be a far more feasible option than cable television, perhaps due to the vast distances between population centres, (although Canada, which also has large distances between population centres, has a relatively high cable television penetration rate). The first service to come online in

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production. Community stations also began to receive permanent transmitter licences, replacing temporary licences that were renewed yearly. At this time it was thought that allowing Commercial Multicasting would be detrimental so the publicly owned networks (ABC and SBS) were the only networks that

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The first license area to aggregate was that of southern New South Wales, on 31 March 1989, followed by Queensland on 31 December 1990, northern New South Wales on 31 December 1991, Victoria on 1 January 1992, and Tasmania in 1994 (two stations only). Some areas too small to be properly aggregated,

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link between Sydney and Melbourne in 1962 marked the first step in the establishment of effective national networking for Australian TV stations. The cable-supported the simultaneous live broadcast of the 5th test of the 1962–63 Ashes series to Sydney, Canberra, and Melbourne – a major milestone in

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The regulations in place define what a broadcaster may put on-air, the time(s) of day they are allowed to broadcast specific material, and what advertisements are shown in relation to these criteria. In essence, the Australian Communications and Media Authority controls what content is shown, what

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The advent of TV effectively destroyed Australia's once thriving radio production industry within a few years, and the absence of local production quotas for TV in this formative period compounded the problem. Faced with almost unbeatable competition from American-made programming, local technical

4260:. Subscription television and the two national broadcasters, ABC and in particular SBS, due to its special-interest nature, typically attract fewer viewers than the three commercial networks. Network 10, due to its programming line-up, has traditionally been the market leader for younger viewers. 2449:

the former example screening very often during the off ratings period 2009–10. The cost disparity has led many to question the viability of commercial networks in the future of delivering and investing in locally produced content and has also brought their financial arrangements with business and

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standard mandated in 1968. The slogan used to sell colour television to the Australian public was 'March first into colour'. Australia was to have one of the fastest change-overs to colour television in the world – by 1978 over 64% of households in Sydney and Melbourne had colour television sets.

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Because of these limitations, it was relatively difficult and expensive to record and distribute local programming, so the majority of locally produced content was broadcast live-to-air. Very little local programming from these first few years of Australian TV broadcasting was recorded and in the

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was the first dedicated HD multichannel launched, 2 months earlier than the Channel 10 equivalent. The Nine Network's move to a HD channel was considered sluggish by industry insiders, taking until March 2008. The Network was more excited by its plans to introduce a new SD channel in 2009 called

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The first fully equipped – permanent – colour studios and post-production facilities were set up in 1969 at Video Tape Corporation in Sydney (VTC), by executives that decamped from TEN. Although the output was hobbled to monochrome until 1974, many original long and short-form productions were

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The Menzies government was concerned about the long-term viability of the new industry and worried that it might be called on to bail out struggling stations and networks if the economy deteriorated. Consequently, it decided to grant the initial commercial TV licences to established print media

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in the late 1960s allowed news stories and programs to be accessed from around the world. The first live satellite transmission occurred between Australia and the United Kingdom in 1966. The first direct telecast across the Pacific from North America to Australia took place on 6 June 1967 when

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In 1969, a group of ex-network executives pooled together to create Video-Tape Corporation (VTC) in East Roseville. This was to be the first end-to-end 'fully electronic' (no film) colour video facility in the region, intended to be up and running with studios, audio, OB and post-production

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Those Australian producers who did try to break into TV faced almost insurmountable challenges. Imported American and British programs benefited from high budgets, an international talent pool, and huge economies of scale, thanks to their very large domestic markets (relative to Australia),

519:, which derived its revenue from compulsory viewer licence fees. The United States adopted a commercial model, based on privately owned stations and networks that earned revenue by charging for advertising time, with public broadcasting forming only a minor component of the larger system. 5065: 2323:

The Nine Network, the traditional ratings leader, suffered ratings losses by the mid-2000s, losing out to the Seven Network, which became the most popular Australian network by early 2007, thanks to its "Seven in '07" campaign. This was not the only loss by the network: the death of its

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After 18 months of test transmissions, regular broadcasts began in Brisbane on 6 May 1934 using a 30-line system, to an estimated 18 receivers around Brisbane. The test transmissions, which were of 1-hour duration each day, were made by Thomas M. B. Elliott and Dr Val McDowall from the

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in 2003. While digital television boomed in areas that received a third channel and with the subscription television services, growth in other areas has been slow, with analogue shut-down dates pushed back several times. A number of new community stations were also opened, including

4289:. All codes of practice submitted to the Australian Communications and Media Authority are reviewed by the public prior to acceptance. There are different regulations for different types of content, and the main categories are divided up into Australian content, children's content, 1904:. Instead of being covered by a single commercial channel, regional license areas would combine to provide two or three stations in line with metropolitan areas. As a result, most regional areas went from one to three channels, although some, particularly outside eastern states 1269:

grand final became the first football grand final of any code to be televised live in Australia. The Nine Network had paid $ 5,000 for the broadcasting rights. That same year, ATV-0 telecast the Pakenham races in colour under the supervision of the Broadcasting Control Board.

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in London. Australia's contribution showed a Melbourne tram leaving the depot for its early morning run, which caused some controversy as people felt that it was not a very exciting image of Australia. By 1970 as many as thirty-one programs were received via this manner.

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was filmed in colour with a view to overseas sales and it was the first Australian-made series to achieve significant international success, with sales to more than 80 countries worldwide, and it became the first Australian TV show to be widely screened in the USA.

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technology was still in its infancy when Australian television was launched in 1956 and video recorders did not become widely available to Australian TV stations until the 1960s. For the first few years, the only available method for capturing TV programs was the

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commenced offering its services on a satellite television platform. There is currently one major subscription television provider in Australia, Foxtel. Foxtel bought Austar in 2012 and has now completed the merger of its operations. Other minor providers include

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ended its 28-year run in November 1999. One of the most significant developments in terms of high-quality Australian programming was the establishment by the Federal Government of the Commercial Television Production Fund. One of the most significant changes for

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The late 1980s saw the ownership changeover for many commercial and regional stations. Six main ownership groups emerged, three for commercial broadcasters and three for regional broadcasters This was the beginning of aggregation for Australian television.

2650:' until the later months of 2021, many studios were closed or reorganised to suit the legal requirements for spread prevention. As vaccination rates against the virus increased, many of the studios began to reopen and production rates have increased, with 1942:

was introduced to Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth in 1994. The stations, which all broadcast on channel 31, were allocated long-term temporary licences until new legislation introduced in 1997 permitted permanent licences to be granted.

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opposition criticised as "authoritarian and socialistic". This policy was never put into practice, however, because the Labor government did not have the opportunity to establish the TV network before it was defeated in December 1949. The incoming

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gets programming one hour later, Northern Territory sees it 90 minutes behind and Western Australia receives its shows three hours behind. Consequently, many national news bulletins shown live to eastern states are seen on considerable delay in

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were allowed to create new digital SD Channels. This was only revised after Digital Television Uptake was not as high as expected in many areas, and from 1 January 2009, Network 10, Nine and Seven were allowed to create alternative SD channels.

2807:-only license. In single-broadcaster markets, each incumbent commercial broadcaster was granted a second, and later a third license, to provide additional programming. This has resulted in the establishment of a number of channels including 797:

was made in the Pagewood Studios, Sydney, for the American and British market; it was shown on the ABC in 1958. Local content was limited to talk shows, variety shows, and news & current affairs. Notable programs of the 1950s included

1603:, originally a group of radio stations broadcasting government information to ethnic minorities in Sydney and Melbourne, began test transmissions on ABC in the two cities – mainly showing foreign-language programming on Sunday mornings. 1068:

Two weeks later, on 25 June 1967, Australia participated in the historic "Our World" broadcast, the first live global satellite television hookup involving fourteen countries. The event is now chiefly remembered for the participation of

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9Go!, which is when digital multicasting restrictions were scheduled to be lifted from the commercial stations. 9Go! was released to the public on 9 August, spelling the end of 9HD which was replaced by the previous HD version of Nine.

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was just AU£1500. Adjusted for inflation, this was around A$ 3500 in 1967 figures; given that US–Australian dollar exchange rate in 1967 was A$ 1.00 = US$ 1.12, this still would have only equated to around US$ 4,000—50 times less than

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to launch in July 2010. It will broadcast on the current ABC HD channel and according to the ABC, "Australia's first free-to-air 24-hour television news channel". Following technical issues at ABC's new playout facility MediaHub, the

515:. The two countries developed radically different industry models, which were based on the models each used for radio broadcasting. British broadcasting was entirely controlled by the government-created broadcasting corporation, the 4320:

on 18 October 2006. Digital-only multichannels in Australia were previously limited in the subjects they could cover, with programming identified as comedy, drama, national news, sport or entertainment, prohibited from broadcast.

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intervening years, the majority of that material has since been lost or destroyed. Even the footage of the 'first' Australian TV broadcast with Bruce Gyngell on Channel 9, Sydney (see image above) is a fabrication—according to

487:. The Commonwealth Government granted a special licence and permission to conduct experimental television by VK4CM, in July 1934. By 1935, it expanded to 180 lines. Other experimental transmissions followed in other cities. 968:

Channel 0 in Melbourne took an early lead in catering to teenage viewers and quickly became the preeminent network in pop music programming, commissioning a sequence of popular and influential local pop shows including

2970:, where a custom cable network was developed. A similar situation used to exist in Perth where a small area was covered by Bright Telecommunications (though they closed down after lack of funding) as well in parts of 1180:

which premiered in 1968 on the Nine Network. At a reported cost of A$ 6000 per episode it was said to have been the most expensive Australian TV series yet produced up to that time (by comparison, the first series of

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regional centres and other capital cities through the late 1950s and 1960s over 90% of Australian homes in established markets had a television set. The new medium had also become highly lucrative to advertisers.

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channel is Australia's only free-to-air news channel. ABC News launched on 22 July 2010 as ABC News 24 and it features all of ABCs news and current affairs programs. ABC News is available on digital channel 24.

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which owns stations in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Darwin, Adelaide and Perth. In addition to its metropolitan assets, Seven owns regional stations in New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia, the ACT and

2390:. Following the announcement by the Ten Network, Network Seven also announced its previously hidden plans to launch a dedicated HD channel on 15 September 2007 and pushed the launch date forward to 10 October. 1285:

Following the new medium's establishment in most major metropolitan and regional centres, television continued to expand to remote areas, most notably those in the northern and western parts of Australia –

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of previously broadcast content to watch via their webpages and apps, and a number of ISPs and other companies offer IPTV – the live streaming of television channels sourced from Australia and elsewhere.

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typically been shown months after its debut in the United States or the United Kingdom, however, in recent times networks have begun to air programs within hours or days of their overseas counterparts.

2959:'s network covers small parts of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane, though its restrictive subscription rules mean that many people living in apartments or confined living areas may be unable to connect. 668:

process, in which a fixed movie camera filmed broadcasts screened on a specially adjusted TV monitor. Similarly, the playback of pre-recorded programs to air was only possible at this stage through the

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embarked upon a tour of 200 regional towns with a mobile broadcast unit, giving a series of 45-minute demonstration programs, allowing local performers and members of the public to appear on camera.

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Even though the dominance of imported American and British programming continued, local production gradually increased in the 1960s and several important new Australian programs were launched.

547:-led Liberal-Country Party coalition, which was to hold power for the next 23 years, changed the industry structure by also permitting the establishment of American-style commercial stations. 726:

Some sense of the scale of this "resource gap" can be gained by comparing the budgets of contemporary American and Australian TV programs. The pilot of the 1967 satirical sketch comedy series

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officially opened the Australian pavilion and visitors watched events including boomerang throwing, sheep-dog trials, wood chopping contests and tennis matches with members of the Australian

5924: 7273: 7137: 2489:, which replaced 7HD. 7mate is aimed at males between 16 and 49, and launched with the AFL Grand Final on 25 September. The Nine Network has also launched a third digital channel called 2430:

Other issues were noted such as the increased cost of producing local content on commercial networks. For example: it costs roughly $ 800,000 to produce one hour of local content such as

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has since become the longest-running series in Australian television and attained great success in the United Kingdom and launched the careers of several international stars, including

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was first broadcast on the Seven Network on 18 March 1985. The show's storylines concern the domestic and professional lives of the people who live and work in the fictional suburb of

589:(ABCB), a government agency responsible for the regulation of broadcasting standards and practices, while technical standards (such as broadcast frequencies) were administered by the 2095:– over 6.5 million Australians watched the telecast of opening and closing ceremonies, which were amongst the most-watched programs in television history and helped Seven defeat the 1928:

or rural South Australia, however, either applied for a second license or introduced a supplementary second service run by the existing local station. Following aggregation in 1995,

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has been produced in Sydney by the Seven Network since July 1987. It premiered in January 1988 and is the second longest-running drama on Australian television, winning more than 30

7283: 3839:, originally conceived in 1999 as a domestic current affairs program, is a discussion forum focussing on a single issue. SBS's Indigenous Media Unit produces another program titled 2493:, broadcasting only in HD and replacing 9HD. 9Gem is targeted at middle-aged women. On 26 August, Network 10 announced their plans for a channel to replace One SD. The new channel, 719:

and creative professionals in radio were unable to make the transition to the new medium, as many of their American and British counterparts had done when TV was introduced there.

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In the capital cities, cable is the more predominant form of pay television distribution. In regional areas or in new or outskirted areas of cities, satellite is far more common.

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and many more publicly funded local programs, produced in Australia, with Australian cast and crews, adding to the increasing health of Australian film and television industries.

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proprietors, with the expectation that these companies would, if necessary, be able to subsidize the new TV stations from their existing (and highly profitable) press operations.

3014:, which now operates both cable and satellite services to all state capital cities (except Darwin and Hobart) and the whole of Western Australia. Its main metropolitan rival was 1685:; and a strong line-up of Hollywood blockbuster movies and mini-series. The 1980s were a huge step up for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, sealing the contracts for both 7167: 3462:, of which a second edition is produced for WA). The time delay can often deny viewers in central and western areas the opportunity to participate in interactive shows such as 2853:

provide niche or local services. Most operators provide the same or similar channels. There are few genuine local channels and few independent channels. One exception is the

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for the rest of the time they were on air. Broadcast times were gradually increased over succeeding decades, although ABC did not commence 24-hour broadcasting until 1993.

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was a sports/comedy talk show, broadcast every night during the Sydney 2000 (and subsequent Salt Lake 2002 and Athens 2004 Olympics) presented by Australian comedy duo

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Beginning in 1964, the federal government tried to address concerns about competition and local production by licensing a third station in major cities, beginning with

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airs repeated shows from the previous day at 6:00 am–8:30 am, followed by morning shows on all three networks until midday. ABC now broadcasts a breakfast news show (

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the kinescope film of the actual September 1956 broadcast was lost and the footage that exists today is a considerably more polished re-enactment, made a year later.

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severe shortages of labour and materials and an underdeveloped heavy industrial base, and in this context TV was seen as a drain away from more fundamental projects.

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also started broadcasting in November. All of these stations were operational in time for the 1956 Melbourne Summer Olympics opening ceremony, on 22 November 1956.

427:, through various legislation, regulations, standards and codes of practice, which also regulates radio and in recent years has attempted to regulate the Internet. 1955:

in Perth followed in 1994 and 1999 respectively, along with a number of other stations in some capital and regional cities. The most recent to launch was Sydney's

4458: 1677:, aggressively challenged the long-held dominance of the Seven and Nine networks with the commissioning of several large-budget mini-series, many produced by the 2063:

Galaxy folded in 1998 and was subsequently absorbed by Foxtel. Despite recent growth, subscription television in Australia still has relatively few subscribers.

925:, but later between almost all the metropolitan stations of a certain frequency. This led to the formation of the National Television Network (forerunner to the 7253: 2952:

Due to its history, financial backing, and market dominance, most local versions of channels are either owned directly by Foxtel or through related companies.

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family's Consolidated Press group controlled Channels 9 in Melbourne and Sydney (the flagship stations that formed the basis of the Nine Network), Melbourne's

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was initially expected to be the first new commercial television channel in metropolitan areas of Australia since 1988, it was instead beaten to the punch by

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Australia has produced numerous notable television series and miniseries, with the most prominent programs coming from the comedy, police, and medical drama

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football competition of Australasia. This resulted in the greatest and most costly set-piece confrontation to shake the corporate landscape of Australia.

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in 1973, but was banned from appearing on television in 1975 after an infamous 'crow-call' incident. Kennedy subsequently returned in 1977 as the host of

534:. It decided to establish a government-controlled TV station in each capital city and called for tenders for the building of the six TV transmitters. The 2638:

in the early months of 2020, television production in Australia (as it did worldwide) suffered greatly due to health requirements; many programs such as

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Government subsidies provided for the production of local series led to a boom in Australian-produced content. Some of the most popular series included

6987: 6676: 4530: 4280: 3752:, the first regular current affairs program to be shown on Australian television and a training ground for many of Australia's best-known journalists. 3347:, which has since been adapted to a number of countries around the world, and already several of them have brought in creators and stars of shows like 7018: 6992: 6915: 6693: 5888: 2803:— have only one commercial broadcaster. In two-broadcaster markets, the two incumbent commercial broadcasters applied for and were granted a third, 917:

began to receive their second and, in the mid-1960s, third stations. In order to reduce costs, networks began to merge – originally in 1957 between

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produces news updates throughout regional New South Wales and Victoria, with its sister station producing Seven News for Western Australia. In the

3635:. The subscription based television channel draws on the resources of its shareholders news services, using content from Seven News, Nine News and 6893: 4263:

In 2007, the Seven Network overtook its rival Nine Network in terms of average viewers, and in 2011, it became the first television network since

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underperformed in the Sydney market and it struggled for four months before Seven cancelled it. The show was immediately bought by rival network,

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regardless of the local service or time zone. The recent introduction of timeshift channels delayed two hours for all viewers, particularly on

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in Melbourne and Adelaide on Channel 70. On 16 December of the same year, it was relaunched on the same channel in Sydney, Brisbane and Perth.

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formally announced the introduction of the new two-tiered TV system—a government-funded service run by the ABC, and two commercial services in

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Glenn Stevens, "The Road to Recovery", Address to the Australian Institute of Company Directors Directors Luncheon, Adelaide, 21 April 2009

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Austar (now Foxtel) is available by satellite in most of regional and rural Australia, but does have a small cable network in the city of

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were forced to suspend filming in an effort to keep their respective cast and crews safe from infection. From the first (of many) 'health

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partnership; the expansion of news and current affairs coverage; securing the exclusive Australian television rights to the 1984 and 1988

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The 1960s saw the continued growth of television in Australia, particularly into regional areas. The first regional TV services began in

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system. Other transmissions took place in the city over the next few weeks. Also in 1929, the Baird system was used on 3DB, 3UZ and 2UE.

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and ten weeks over summer. The majority of locally produced comedy and drama on commercial networks is shown during the ratings period.

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record of 510 episodes; a record set two decades earlier. A number of successful comedy programs also aired during the 1990s, including

7316: 3428:, meanwhile on SBS foreign-language bulletins are shown for most of the morning, followed by foreign-language films and documentaries. 1662:; this was a significant rise from the introduction of television in 1960 when it was accountable for only 15% of advertising revenue. 8283: 7563: 6264: 6122: 3263: 1728: 1582: 1562:, with the opening and closing ceremonies telecast live, and highlights packages shown each night. During November of the same year, 279: 6612: 5607: 5352: 4846: 7050: 6092: 5257: 3868: 2595: 1458: 909:

While the first television services were being established in regional areas, larger cities including Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane,

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funding in the closing stages of the 2000s to enable them to make the transition to digital TV. Meanwhile, the community station

657:'s first day of programming in 1956. The character went on to great success in the United Kingdom and later, the United States. 7837: 7647: 7455: 7369: 7028: 4747: 4687: 4562: 4252:

For many years up until the mid-nineties, the Nine Network had been the ratings leader in Australia, typically followed by the

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industry groups into question. Meanwhile, ABC and SBS quickly began producing very successful local content with shows such as

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Most programs in this early period were based on popular radio formats—musical variety and quiz formats were the most popular.

6363: 6008: 5152:"Tom O'Regan, 1999, "Film & its nearest neighbour: the Australian film & television interface" (Murdoch Reading Room)" 3674:

is the only regional broadcaster to produce a bulletin on both weeknights and weekends, in an hour-long format presented from

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introduced a bill retracting the legal obligation for broadcasters to broadcast their primary channel in standard definition.

2497:, is aimed at a youth audience and carries flagship TEN programming including Neighbours. Eleven launched on 11 January 2011. 1789:

who ran the Summer Bay Caravan Park and lived there with a succession of foster children, most notably their adopted daughter

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In 2011, the Seven Network created history by winning all 40 weeks of a television ratings season for the first time since

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process, in which films or kinescoped TV recordings were played back on a movie screen which was monitored by a TV camera.

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slot in Australia runs from 6:00 pm to midnight, with the most popular programming shown from around 7:30 pm to 10:30 pm.

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broadcasting came to the forefront when Network 10 announced its intentions to create the first dedicated HD multichannel

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claimed the first one-hour newscast in Australia. The one-hour newscast format was also later adopted by regional station

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Test broadcasting of colour began in the late 1960s. The full changeover to colour transmission did not occur until 1975.

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in Perth remained independent for a number of years as the sole commercial station in the city. Throughout the decade the

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Community television progressively launched between the 1980s to the 2000s. The sector is represented nationally by the

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covers local and overseas news, politics, and current affairs, in addition to film reviews, politics, arts, and music.

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In 1963, the Senate Select Committee on the Encouragement of Australian Productions for Television, chaired by Senator

590: 531: 311: 6479: 6233: 7785: 7686: 7586: 7506: 7440: 7023: 6982: 5812: 5785: 5205: 4445: 4409: 3877: 3799: 3002: 2621: 2163: 1939: 1417:

ran for 1396 episodes between 1976 and 1983, becoming at the time it ended Australia's longest-running drama series.

1375: 2603: 2535:. Launching on 26 November, 9Life is a dedicated lifestyle and reality channel on Channel 94. Around the same time, 8278: 7513: 7450: 7435: 6972: 6923: 6901: 5526: 4370: 3829: 3805: 3480: 3472: 3440: 3319: 3313: 3185: 3040:

Internet television in Australia is the digital distribution of movies and television content via the Internet. In

3035: 2776: 2671: 2470: 1895: 1623:

population, placed a much heavier emphasis on subtitled or foreign-language content. The network expanded to cover

626:

Melbourne became the first television station to broadcast to viewers in Melbourne on 4 November, soon followed by

4678: 3026:

began operating, aiming at providing comparatively low-cost packages and catering to specialised market segments.

2339:

broadcast rights to the Seven and Ten networks in the largest Australian television rights deal in history, worth

1185:

reportedly cost around US$ 200,000 per episode). Although Australian TV was still in black-and-white at the time,

573:

In January 1953, in response to increasing pressure from the commercial lobby, the Menzies government amended the

7954: 7753: 7743: 7679: 7420: 7394: 6977: 5200:

Rob Johnson & David Smiedt, Boom-Boom: A Century of Australian Comedy (Hodder & Stoughton, Sydney, 1999,

4360: 4227: 4072: 3925: 3835: 3699: 3579: 3213: 3083: 3023: 2943: 2838: 2427:

received no government assistance or funding to make the transition; this still remains a source of controversy.

2356: 2115: 2030: 1859: 1345: 1099: 6888: 582:, and the other tier being privately owned commercial stations that drew their income from advertising revenue. 8288: 8040: 7939: 7659: 7637: 7543: 7349: 7309: 6311: 5955: 5174: 4104: 4060: 3892: 3743: 3374: 3239: 3007: 2955:

In terms of coverage, Foxtel's cable network covers parts of Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, and Perth.

2922: 2804: 2746: 2599: 2508: 2344: 2233: 2134: 2122: 1998:, which started in 1993, providing services to most metropolitan areas by 1995. Other major providers include 1995: 1877: 1551: 1391: 738: 180: 4497: 3447:

programs are seen two hours behind. When daylight saving is in effect, because it is only partially observed,

8190: 8107: 7983: 7832: 7825: 7696: 7642: 7445: 7425: 5326: 3763: 3167: 2157: 1403: 420: 304: 268: 86: 24: 6673: 1086:

in Melbourne broke records in 1969 for the world's longest scheduled live telecast with its coverage of the

750:

alone reportedly cost US$ 60,000; the second pilot, "Where No Man Has Gone Before" cost around US$ 300,000.

8175: 7969: 7706: 7669: 7548: 7538: 7410: 6096: 5960: 5928: 5611: 5330: 3501: 2808: 2742: 2352: 1786: 1612: 1600: 1575: 1274:

completed over the years until its closure and eventual absorption into other companies in the late 1980s.

403:

re-enacts his introduction to the first regular television broadcast service to the residents of Sydney on

137: 6703: 6217: 5287: 622:

Sydney began test transmissions on 16 September 1956 and officially commenced broadcasting on 27 October.

7944: 7902: 7897: 7844: 7591: 7558: 7486: 7089: 5899: 4948: 4188: 3929: 3824: 3517: 3378: 3279:. This later group were also screened internationally, finding particular success in the United Kingdom. 1960: 1456:

News and current affairs, particularly on commercial television, grew significantly – the Nine Network's

1295: 696: 366: 3052:

providers, in addition to several niche providers that focus on specific genres. Australia's five major

2099:

in ratings terms for the first time in more than two decades. The broadcast also ran on the short-lived

8010: 7914: 7768: 7723: 7627: 3980: 3675: 3191: 2963: 2812: 2372: 2336: 2265: 2126: 1972: 1921: 1636: 1287: 899: 539: 480: 6878: 1726:, Melbourne. Seven decided to commission the show following the success of Watson's other soap opera, 852:. Several programs in the 1950s were simply adaptations of already established radio programs such as 8130: 8087: 8035: 7934: 7780: 7748: 7664: 7654: 7622: 7302: 7147: 6590: 5833: 5475: 5235: 4921: 4867: 4008: 2816: 2360: 2104: 483:. The programs included news headlines, still pictures and silent movies such as the temperance film 258: 237: 114: 4597: 4305:

time(s) of day it is shown, and who controls what is shown (i.e.: international media as opposed to

3091:, widely viewed as having revolutionised Australian television drama production. It was followed by 1331:

In 1972 it was announced that all stations would move to colour on 1 March 1975, using the European

467:

The first television broadcast in Australia took place on 30 September 1929 at the Menzies Hotel in

8045: 8030: 7877: 7713: 7674: 7501: 4952: 4024: 3998: 3992: 3974: 3343: 2866: 2584: 2185: 2045: 2026: 2013:

Subscription television allowed customers to have access to more channels. For example, PSN (later

1889: 1369: 1324:

in March 1972. The success of this program led to this third network becoming commercially viable.

1176: 81: 558:

Meanwhile, in 1949, the first large-scale public demonstrations of the medium took place when the

8070: 8050: 8025: 8005: 7758: 7728: 7553: 7430: 7359: 6839: 6451: 4785: 4317: 4313: 4290: 3956: 3913: 3715: 3585: 2820: 2784: 2588: 2053: 1991: 1692: 1678: 1435: 1171: 1113: 755: 567: 441: 200: 6204: 5002: 3543:

was traditionally the highest-rating news service in Australia, but in 2005 it was overtaken by

3504:, produce news services. The ABC provides both local and national news bulletins in the form of 1137:. In addition to these, many programs still seen today were launched at this time including the 8102: 8080: 8055: 8020: 8000: 7964: 7802: 7773: 7763: 7738: 7701: 7632: 7469: 7364: 7132: 7082: 5828: 5648: 5039: 4316:

on digital multi-channeling were lifted along with the media ownership laws passed through the

4239: 3951: 3846: 3153: 3123: 3053: 2925:

being the first. It became insolvent in 1998, due to decreasing popularity after the launch of

2707: 2432: 2241: 2014: 1847: 1835: 1644: 1524: 1512: 523: 385:

with the words "Good evening, and welcome to television", and has since seen the transition to

274: 263: 227: 70: 3243:

in 1974. These serials were all cancelled in 1977. Following this successful serials included

8165: 8097: 7995: 7949: 7812: 7718: 7605: 7491: 7278: 7182: 4380: 4018: 3986: 3968: 3782:, has also won many awards and broken stories previously not covered by other media outlets. 3615: 3483:

is live across the nation with no delay, the only free-to-air television channel to do this.

3233: 3179: 2896:; many recognisable mainstream personalities originated from community television, including 2438: 2316: 2211: 2201: 2179: 2056:

organisations over broadcasting rights, and ultimately control of the top-level professional

1933: 1320: 1167: 848: 808:, (based on the US version of the same name) hosted by radio presenter and future newsreader 804: 736:

spent almost US$ 1 million on the two pilot episodes for the renowned science fiction series

616:

in Melbourne being a major driving force behind the introduction of television to Australia.

220: 124: 98: 93: 6178: 6066: 3762:

was launched in state-based editions (these were combined into a national program hosted by

3695: 2791:. Some regional centres have three commercial broadcasters, while others — such as regional 753:

By comparison, the budget for the pilot episode of the 1964 Australian topical revue series

8229: 8200: 8122: 7959: 7929: 7865: 7820: 7533: 7528: 7496: 7481: 7337: 7177: 6966: 3778: 3506: 3257: 3227: 3129: 3088: 2730:

television has been phased out, with the last service being switched off in December 2013.

2711: 2257: 2205:, which led to the creation of many local versions throughout the world, and the growth of 2088: 2083:' opening ceremony was one of the highest-rating programs in Australian television history. 2080: 1909: 1829: 1682: 1555: 1481: 1429: 1381: 1340: 1204: 1129: 1119: 1094: 1074: 1026: 1009: 867: 613: 152: 65: 34: 5151: 4609: 3746:

has had a long history of producing current affairs programs, including the award-winning

8: 8150: 8092: 7924: 7887: 7617: 7142: 6660: 6647: 6634: 5615: 5466: 5356: 5301: 4843: 4817: 4294: 4235: 4037: 3862:, a tabloid current affairs program, every weeknight after its 6pm news bulletin. On the 3833:, the country's longest-running international current affairs program, launched in 1984. 3655: 3464: 3331: 3295: 3289: 3045: 2983: 2939: 2850: 2727: 2688: 2260:

launched, later to be eventually shut down due to funding issues and replaced in 2005 by

2191: 2151: 1571: 1299: 828: 495: 210: 185: 129: 6889:

Culture Victoria – images and text about the 50th Anniversary of Television in Australia

6100: 5265: 4704: 3231:

in 1967 which was a moderate but consistent success. Following this the huge success of

2783:

is the country's largest regional broadcaster in terms of population reach, followed by

691:

These changes led to a significant concentration of cross-media ownership. By 1960, the

8252: 8210: 8185: 8170: 8160: 8155: 8145: 8112: 8015: 7919: 7523: 7518: 3917: 3731: 3707: 3691: 3687: 3620: 3574: 3436: 3397: 3201: 3173: 3141: 3135: 2788: 2699: 2647: 2444: 2206: 1619:

in Sydney and Melbourne in October 1980. The new station, aimed at Australia's growing

1589: 1588:

was shown live to Melbourne viewers for the first time. As with the Olympics, the 1978

1159: 1078: 378: 232: 205: 195: 175: 147: 142: 6508:"The golden age of Indigenous television is here – and it's changed Australia forever" 4862: 4725: 4245:

Ratings are collected for 40 weeks during the year, excluding a two-week break during

2837:

also serving Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane. A number of smaller operators including

2091:

resulted in huge ratings for its broadcaster (the event was hosted in Sydney) for the

1857:

which ran from 1993 to 2006, one of the longest running Australian programs, equaling

8140: 7882: 6040: 5808: 5781: 5201: 5179: 5104: 4982: 4441: 4405: 4338: 3711: 3667: 3512: 3458: 3453: 3444: 3245: 2979: 2877: 2792: 2703: 2340: 2282: 1956: 1761: 1413: 1363: 833: 559: 386: 358:

system by Gilbert Miles and Donald McDonald, and later from other locations, such as

253: 190: 75: 6283:"Second Reading: Broadcasting Legislation Amendment Bill 2015 | Malcolm Turnbull MP" 3431:

Most scheduling is consistent across Australia's three time zones – this means that

1947:

was the first community television station to launch in Australia, on 31 July 1994.

1117:(which at its peak drew an unprecedented 59% of the audience), the rural soap opera 538:

specifically prohibited the granting of commercial TV licences, a decision that the

8257: 7691: 6816: 6786: 6756: 6371: 6341: 6191: 6018: 5035: 4826: 4352: 4306: 4234:

in metropolitan areas, Regional TAM in regional areas serviced by three commercial

3934: 3748: 3671: 3307: 3133:. Medical dramas have also proved popular with audiences, including series such as 2834: 2770: 2752:

Commercial television is dominated by three major metropolitan-based networks, the

2518: 2245: 2037: 2003: 1670: 1485: 1407:, the first major mini-series produced for commercial television, was shown on the 1291: 1235: 1104: 989: 957: 918: 883: 813: 772: 635: 627: 294: 5521: 5471:"Messenger can watch a better league broadcast in the US than south of the border" 5440: 3950:

In the 21st century, and especially the 2010s, programmes and series by and about

3730:

Current affairs programming is shown in a broad range of formats, ranging between

2221:. Australian content on subscription television also grew, with shows such as the 6680: 5802: 5775: 4850: 4794: 4751: 4732: 4643: 4585: 4558: 4042: 3901: 3758: 3679: 3663: 3651: 3537:

have prompted fierce ratings competition. For most years up until the mid-1990's

3432: 3049: 2217: 1905: 1585: 1532: 1508: 1083: 953: 903: 650: 504: 5866: 5414: 3529:

Higher ratings for earlier bulletins from commercial broadcasters including the

2779:

consists of independently owned networks 'affiliated' to metropolitan stations.

996: 289: 8135: 6428: 6156: 5722: 5129: 3817: 3719: 3647: 3522: 3337: 3301: 3147: 3099: 2905: 2858: 2780: 2018: 1964: 1883: 1802: 1790: 1666: 1563: 1520: 1477: 1420: 1357: 1255: 1221: 1209: 1124: 1004: 895: 733: 712: 601: 544: 119: 5385: 4830: 2760:, which own stations in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, Perth, and the 2514:

On 10 December 2013, the analogue TV shutdown completed all around Australia.

2469:

During January 2010, the ABC announced its long-awaited 24-hour news channel,

448:

for closed circuit transmission of pictures via telegraph wires, based on the

8272: 6727:"Ratings scorecard: Seven wins total, Nine claims demos, Ten talks up growth" 6401: 5752: 5696: 4973: 4885: 4551: 4253: 4123: 4029: 3858: 3853: 3683: 3603: 3530: 3362: 3325: 3275: 3251: 3111: 2881: 2796: 2753: 2684: 2332: 2139: 2092: 2076: 1948: 1773: 1765: 1757: 1749: 1703: 1620: 1540: 1504: 1463: 1408: 1397: 1247: 1049:

In the afternoon a variety concert, 'Pop goes Australia', featured musicians

971: 930: 838: 704:

its capacity to control broadcaster conduct and exhibited strong symptoms of

700: 453: 400: 382: 6181:. ABC News. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved on 31 March 2012. 5568: 4057:, and was widely lauded as hilarious, ground-breaking, hard-hitting satire. 2795:

and remote central & eastern Australia — have two, and others — such as

2485:

On 19 August 2010, the Seven Network announced their third digital channel,

2442:, in comparison to a mere $ 100,000 to purchase one hour of the US produced 1654:

in the 1960s, 1986 saw the introduction of a new, domestic satellite called

48: 6674:

Metropolitan TV Share of All Viewing – All Homes (D1) – 5 City Share Report

6661:

Metropolitan TV Share of All Viewing – All Homes (D1) – 5 City Share Report

6648:

Metropolitan TV Share of All Viewing – All Homes (D1) – 5 City Share Report

6635:

Metropolitan TV Share of All Viewing – All Homes (D1) – 5 City Share Report

5675: 5498: 4812: 4501: 4150: 3863: 3841: 3534: 3392:

Seven and Nine have rival breakfast shows that run from 5:30–9:00 am while

3366: 3207: 3117: 3015: 2921:

Cable television has been available in Australia since the mid 1990s, with

2901: 2897: 2889: 2862: 2854: 2846: 2761: 2482:

began to broadcast a three-minute loop promo on Channel 24 on 6 July 2010.

2462: 2424: 2403: 2328: 2311: 2293: 2278: 2268:, similar to TDT, launched at the start of 2006. Sydney also began testing 2244:

in 2002, providing news bulletins in languages other than English. In 2003

2096: 2057: 2049: 1968: 1853: 1823: 1798: 1794: 1778: 1723: 1596:, Alberta, Canada were shown in the form of highlights packages on ABC TV. 1528: 1496: 1424: 1243: 1230: 1199: 1154: 941:

expanded transmissions to several major centres including Adelaide, Perth,

926: 692: 678: 646: 512: 511:

Television commenced in the United States and in the United Kingdom before

500: 370: 4764: 3772:, first seen in 1961, an investigative documentary series modelled on the 3471:

One exception to this rule are subscription channels, which always run on

3353:

to help produce, direct, star, or serve as consultants on their versions.

2998:

The value of television receiver imports ($ million per month) since 1989.

2531:

In October 2015, the Nine Network announced their fourth digital channel,

2133:

Many successful Australian shows were created during the 2000s, including

8205: 8065: 4974: 4169: 4054: 4046: 3962: 3906: 3880:

began presenting in 1994, provided a similar mix of content. On Sundays,

3401: 3057: 2885: 2800: 2757: 2737:

commercial broadcasters as well as two national public broadcasters, the

2734: 2719: 2680: 2542:

On 28 February 2016, the Seven Network launched a fifth digital channel,

2307: 2303: 2302:

would be cancelled at the end of the year, after a 14-year run. Although

2289: 2269: 2261: 2237:, a television interview show broadcast on ABC, aired from 2003 to 2008. 2227: 2222: 2168: 1806: 1737: 1659: 1550:

Sports broadcasting became increasingly sophisticated through the 1970s.

1544: 1516: 1315: 1070: 1062: 1058: 1050: 1039: 962: 933:) in 1962. Not all stations became a part of their respective networks – 767:

Although by the end of the 1950s television had expanded to also include

527: 449: 7074: 1318:, as it was then known, launched the controversial sex-melodrama serial 1038:

was broadcast live to Australia via a US satellite link. Prime Minister

6484: 6456: 6238: 4434: 4332: 4257: 4079: 3887: 3659: 3570: 3553: 3545: 3526:

bulletin at 6.30pm, followed by a later, half-hour edition at 10.30pm.

3448: 3393: 3382: 3370: 3269: 3093: 2525: 2273: 2119: 2108: 1994:

services were introduced to Australia. The first license was issued to

1984: 1944: 1913: 1782: 1753: 1718: 1714: 1640: 1351: 1303: 1239: 1054: 879: 854: 732:

reportedly cost about US$ 200,000.At the top end of the scale, in 1966

339: 5804:

The gatekeepers: the global media battle to control Australia's pay TV

3369:, and affiliates have an hour of news and current affairs at 6:00 pm, 2546:, which is a dedicated movie and entertainment channel on Channel 76. 2252:

viewers a third commercial station, and nationally available stations

1472:, on the same network, began in 1979. In March 1972, Brisbane station 816:'s weekly sport program, (that would broadcast for the next 28 years) 396: 7325: 7294: 6926: 3939: 3811: 3539: 3041: 2893: 2240:

Amongst the new digital 'multichannels', one of the earliest was the

2173: 1952: 1841: 1696: 1651: 1567: 1500: 1311: 1087: 1043: 977: 871: 780: 665: 660: 609: 468: 335: 4726:

Old Windmill Brisbane Australia's first television transmission 1934

2573: 5777:

Power and global sport: zones of prestige, emulation and resistance

5701: 5175:"Ed Friendly, 85; helped bring 'Laugh-In' and 'Little House' to TV" 4659:

Film, television and the urban experience: A case study of Brisbane

3787: 3703: 3640: 3636: 3632: 3425: 3413: 3105: 2975: 2967: 2935: 2842: 2635: 2494: 2249: 2100: 2041: 2022: 1976: 1687: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1593: 1559: 1536: 1217: 1153:– now the country's longest-running children's show—as well as the 1035: 1000: 946: 910: 728: 670: 457: 359: 6265:"Australia's last remaining analogue TV transmitters switched off" 3583:

compete directly with the Nine Network's offerings, which include

6698: 6586:"ABC's Get Krack!n bows out with a bang in its last episode ever" 6560:"'Flawless fury': Viewers praise 'genius' breakfast TV take-down" 6127: 6013: 5592: 5409: 5407: 4523:"Ready, Set, Go to Digital – A Digital Action Plan for Australia" 4404:"Australian TV – The First 25 Years", by Peter Bielby, page 173. 4050: 3785:

Other current affairs programs include news and analysis program

3565:

local bulletins in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, Perth,

2971: 2411: 2410:, a dedicated children's television channel available in SD, and 2040:

which was fought in and out of court during the mid-1990s by the

1925: 1707: 1616: 1554:, the Seven Network and the Nine Network joined to broadcast the 1195: 1031: 891: 887: 875: 6307: 4032:

commented that a "golden age" of Indigenous television is here.

3922:

Agenda, Sportsline, Sky Business Report, and Sky News Eco Report

3886:

features a number of stories produced both locally and from its

3646:

A number of regional television networks produce news services.

5321: 5319: 4298: 4246: 3852:

There are a number of commercial current affairs programs. The

3734:-style current affairs shows to investigative programs such as 3639:

from the United Kingdom, as well as reporters based in Sydney,

3628: 3624: 3566: 3476: 3405: 3019: 3011: 2930: 2926: 2830: 2723: 2511:

started its free-to-air broadcasts under new ownership of SBS.

2407: 2253: 2007: 1999: 1980: 1674: 1655: 1489: 1266: 1090:, running for 163 hours, a record which has since been beaten. 942: 746:) cost more than US$ 600,000 and the set for the bridge of the 605: 412: 411:

Local programs, over the years, have included a broad range of

351: 5404: 4744: 2347:

launched as Australia's 'third public broadcaster', after the

1821:

The 1990s saw a boom in Australian-made drama, which included

1797:. Other notable actors who have starred in the series include 6883: 5093: 4872: 4264: 4231: 3623:

is Australia's second news channel that is only available on

3614:

In Australia, there are two local 24-hour news channels. The

3417: 3070: 2956: 2550: 2543: 2532: 2501: 2486: 2383: 2376: 2145: 1473: 1108: 914: 654: 639: 416: 5316: 5062:"skwirk.com "American and British cultural influence 1960s"" 4945:"Linking a Nation: Australia's Transport and Communications" 3920:

airs a number of news commentary and analysis shows such as

3361:

The scheduling for each network is quite diverse: while the

3022:, both of which just rebroadcast Foxtel as of 2005. In 2006 2528:

was launched owned by Racing Victoria and Seven West Media.

530:, opted to follow the British model, on the advice from the 6868: 5773: 4600:– Telegraphic Journal and Electrical Review 7 November 1890 3793: 3607:

currently produces a local hour-long weeknight bulletin of

3421: 3409: 2715: 2490: 2399: 631: 623: 365:

Mainstream television was launched on 16 September 1956 in

5007:, 30 December 2006 – "Celebrating 50 years of television"" 3048:

is provided by a number of generalist, subscription-based

2563: 2417: 2066: 2036:

The advent of pay television in Australia resulted in the

1816: 1702:

In 1983 a two-hour experiment was conducted, in which the

1606: 1280: 861: 708:, or over-identification with the industry it regulated". 6873: 3827:

also shows a number of current affairs programs, such as

3773: 3549:

before it regained the lead on a national basis in 2013.

2766: 2557: 2536: 2391: 2387: 2325: 1929: 1916:, remained with two or even only one commercial station. 1332: 1307: 934: 922: 843: 799: 776: 768: 743: 619: 566:

Buoyed by the success of these tests, in March 1950, the

516: 404: 374: 347: 343: 5742: 5740: 3938:, a business news program shown from 6.00am, is seen on 929:) and Australian Television Network (later known as the 507:), first appeared on Australian television in the 1950s. 3611:

and on weekends it airs a national hour-long bulletin.

3081:

One of the earliest Australian police drama series was

3010:, which was later taken over by cable television giant 2379:

on 14 September 2007 with a December 2007 Launch date.

2335:

becoming the head of the network, and the network lost

6533:"Small screen highlights: THAT episode of Get Krack!n" 5569:"The History of Australian Television – The Seventies" 3416:, Australian children's programming currently airs on 1611:

The country's second national public broadcaster, the

585:

Commercial TV licences were nominally overseen by the

5737: 5226: 5224: 5222: 5220: 5218: 5216: 5214: 4612:

by Kevin Poulter. SiliconChip Australia 13 June 2006.

4285:

Content on Australian television is regulated by the

3577:. The network's news bulletins and breakfast program 3559:

Seven Early News, Seven Morning News, Seven News at 4

435: 6259: 6257: 6123:"Better late than never – Nine on a high definition" 5026: 5024: 4765:"The History of Australian Television – The Fifties" 4328: 3064: 1650:

Although Australia had seen the introduction of the

742:– the first pilot "The Cage" (which was rejected by 4478: 4476: 6988:Regulations on television programming in Australia 5211: 4905:, Melbourne: Nelsen/Cinema Papers, 1980, p. 3 4818:Continuum: Journal of Media & Cultural Studies 4281:Regulations on television programming in Australia 3714:on digital channels 53 and 56 in partnership with 2111:which achieved great popularity during the Games. 1781:. The show initially focused on the characters of 1535:in the first awards presentation shown in colour, 846:. Programming also covered religion; for example, 7019:Australian and New Zealand television frequencies 6993:Australian Commercial Television Code of Practice 6694:"Nine scores ratings goal on back of league draw" 6254: 5746: 5021: 4787:Doubts raised over Australia's 'first face' on TV 4588:– Australian Dictionary of Biography Online – ANU 2398:2009 also saw the launch of four other channels, 1647:in June 1985. It is now available in most areas. 8270: 7009:List of digital television channels in Australia 6480:"Nine News claims 2014 ratings crown over Seven" 6152:"ABC to launch new kids digital TV channel ABC3" 6041:"Seven and Ten win 5-year AFL broadcasting deal" 5499:"TV Times 28 June 1967 – Victorian edition" 4473: 4386:List of digital television channels in Australia 2769:and Nine owns and operates its regional station 2658:restarting production in October/November 2021. 2517:On 19 August 2015, then Communications Minister 1373:, which ran for 28 years until 1999, music show 1314:on 11 September 1971. The youngest network, the 1290:, for example, did not receive television until 822:; and the shorter-lived programs, including the 6613:"NITV reveals 2016 schedule and new look brand" 6398:Community Broadcasting Association of Australia 5774:Maquire, Joseph and Possami, Catherine (2005). 3710:has a regional free-to-air news channel called 2874:Community Broadcasting Association of Australia 2320:, until 23 May 2007 when the program was axed. 5386:"History of Australian Television – 1960–1969" 5090:, (Allen & Unwin, Sydney, 2006) pp.177–178 5064:. Skwirk.com.au. 26 March 1999. Archived from 3872:, first shown in 1971, competes directly with 3845:, which covers issues relevant to Australia's 1123:on the ABC (1967), and for interstate viewers 7310: 7090: 6909: 6813:Australian Communications and Media Authority 6783:Australian Communications and Media Authority 6753:Australian Communications and Media Authority 6422: 6368:Australian Communications and Media Authority 6338:Australian Communications and Media Authority 6228: 6226: 6194:. The Spy Report. Retrieved on 31 March 2012. 6149: 5896:Australian Communications and Media Authority 5441:"Australian Television Information Archive – 5264:. Abc.net.au. 5 November 1956. Archived from 4498:"Australia celebrates 50 years of television" 4312:Genre restrictions imposed by the Australian 4287:Australian Communications and Media Authority 4238:, and in areas with two commercial networks, 2556:On 10 May 2016, the Seven Network relaunched 425:Australian Communications and Media Authority 312: 5600: 3516:, presented from Sydney and state capitals. 1963:coverage continued to expand to include the 1898:began in the 1990s with the introduction of 6963:Digital terrestrial television in Australia 6741: 5881: 5128:. Dl.screenaustralia.gov.au. Archived from 4977:, Simon Balderstone and John Bowan (2006). 4807: 4805: 4803: 4230:are collected by three main organisations: 3756:was axed in 1978, however in the mid-1980s 3486: 2749:service is available in many remote areas. 2706:television, via a range of means including 2602:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 7317: 7303: 7097: 7083: 6916: 6902: 6801: 6223: 6093:"New channel, new era: Introducing TEN HD" 5697:"Proof Neighbours is good for your career" 5355:. Abc.net.au. 1 March 1975. Archived from 5327:"Australia at Expo 67: Pop goes Australia" 4632: 4630: 3706:and regional South Australia. In addition 3408:there are children's programming, also on 2733:In most areas, there is a choice of three 2457:Lawrence Leung's Choose Your Own Adventure 319: 305: 7104: 6779:"Broadcasting industry codes of practice" 6220:. TV Tonight. Retrieved on 31 March 2012. 6207:. TV Tonight. Retrieved on 31 March 2012. 5807:. Australia: Pluto Press. pp. xxvi. 5800: 5639: 5637: 5635: 5633: 5101:The Media and Communications in Australia 5088:The media and communications in Australia 4903:Australian Television: the first 24 years 4495: 4486:, privately published, 2011, Gosford, NSW 4035:The last episode of the second series of 3237:in 1972 prompted creation of the similar 3225:Australian soap opera success began with 2622:Learn how and when to remove this message 2478:launch date was pushed to 22 July 2010. 334:began experimentally as early as 1929 in 7051:List of Australian television presenters 6874:National Film and Sound Archive homepage 6771: 6702:. AsiaMedia. 29 May 2007. Archived from 6234:"40 weeks makes a clean sweep for Seven" 5709: 5670: 5668: 5666: 5563: 5561: 5559: 5557: 5555: 5553: 5551: 5549: 5547: 5545: 5519: 5380: 5378: 5376: 5374: 4937: 4815:(1991). "Television before television". 4811: 4800: 3945: 3928:was launched in 1999, joined in 2006 by 2993: 2857:channel owned by a consortium including 2679: 2331:in late 2005 led to network personality 2070: 2010:, all of which were introduced in 1995. 1174:created the children's adventure series 995: 653:) was one of the programmes screened on 580:Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC) 494: 395: 381:was introduced by advertising executive 7034:List of Australian television callsigns 6953:High-definition television in Australia 6724: 6505: 6499: 5465: 5086:Stuart Cunningham & Graeme Turner, 4895: 4627: 4425:Chapter 9 – Australian Heritage Council 4366:High-definition television in Australia 3496:Both national public broadcasters, the 2989: 2676:List of Australian television callsigns 2564:Television and programming in the 2020s 2549:On 2 March 2016, Network 10 relaunched 2418:Television and programming in the 2010s 2067:Television and programming in the 2000s 1817:Television and programming in the 1990s 1607:Television and programming in the 1980s 1484:, and capital city television stations 1281:Television and programming in the 1970s 862:Television and programming in the 1960s 649:(a comic creation of performing artist 503:(a comic creation of performing artist 490: 8271: 7324: 7029:List of years in Australian television 6683:. Oztam. Retrieved on 6 November 2015. 6085: 5630: 5234:. culture.gov.au. 2007. Archived from 5172: 4688:Royal Historical Society of Queensland 4676: 4655: 4563:Australian Centre for the Moving Image 4489: 3029: 2180:Russell Coight's All Aussie Adventures 2114:The turn of the millennium introduced 1665:The newly relaunched Network 10, with 1193:Winners of the first nationally shown 1107:, soon followed on 11 November by the 802:'s long-running music variety program 7298: 7078: 6897: 6884:History of West Australian Television 6840:"Australia opens up media investment" 6583: 5981: 5953: 5715: 5663: 5542: 5371: 5122:"Screen Australia Digital Learning – 4909: 4757: 4451: 3905:is also shown on Sunday mornings, on 3856:, in addition to Sunrise, broadcasts 3439:sees programming half an hour behind 3076: 2366: 1141:'s acclaimed current affairs program 836:. The first Australian serial drama, 587:Australian Broadcasting Control Board 7064:Subscription television in Australia 7039:List of Australian television series 6958:Television broadcasting in Australia 6809:"Regulating television broadcasters" 6725:Hickman, Arvind (28 November 2016). 6663:. Oztam. Retrieved on 31 March 2012. 6650:. Oztam. Retrieved on 31 March 2012. 6637:. Oztam. Retrieved on 31 March 2012. 6557: 6477: 6449: 6386: 6205:7mate.html New channel coming: 7mate 6067:"New Indigenous TV station turns on" 6009:"Small funeral for a giant of a man" 5353:"%0 Years of ABC TV – ABC TV Firsts" 4637:TV Times makes a Sentimental Journey 4496:McWhirter, Erin (5 September 2006). 4484:On the Air: Australian Radio History 4376:Subscription television in Australia 2917:Subscription television in Australia 2827:Subscription television in Australia 2773:in Northern NSW and the Gold Coast. 2696:Television broadcasting in Australia 2668:Television broadcasting in Australia 2600:adding citations to reliable sources 2567: 1851:, and the long running police drama 1511:. Other Gold Logie winners included 1361:which began in 1971; variety series 1007:via co-axial cable in 1963, live on 634:on 19 January 1957. Sydney station 6837: 6099:. 14 September 2007. Archived from 6071:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 6045:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 5982:Clune, Richard (25 February 2007). 5917: 5862:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 5645:"Free TV Australia – History of TV" 5530:. Australian Consolidated Press Ltd 5173:Nelson, Valerie J. (20 June 2007). 5032:"Free TV Australia – History of TV" 2910: 2739:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 2402:, a general entertainment channel, 1355:which started during the 1960s and 786: 423:. The industry is regulated by the 13: 6815:. 15 February 2007. Archived from 6785:. 15 February 2007. Archived from 6755:. 15 February 2007. Archived from 6506:Sebbens, Shari (1 February 2020). 6423:Felicity Shea (14 February 2005). 6192:ABC News 24 will launch this month 6179:ABC to launch 24-hour news channel 6115: 6017:. 30 December 2005. Archived from 5931:. 30 November 2005. Archived from 5889:"C31 Adelaide licence application" 5865:. 18 November 1997. Archived from 5718:"Happy birthday for Home and Away" 5583: 5520:Musgrove, Nan (12 November 1969). 4702: 4624:magazine Spring 2009, pages 61–67. 4529:. 23 November 2008. Archived from 4082:television ratings (major cities) 4053:, outraged right wing commentator 4049:and co-written by Lui, trended on 3725: 3650:produces 20 bulletins in parts of 3018:, while rural areas are served by 2314:to host the short-lived game show 2306:was offered ongoing employment at 1669:controlling the flagship stations 1627:and Goulburn in 1983, followed by 902:was the first regional service in 794:The Adventures of Long John Silver 436:Origins: Early transmission trials 47: 14: 8300: 7024:Timeline of Australian television 6983:Community television in Australia 6862: 6150:Michael Bodey (22 October 2009). 5716:Field, Katherine (23 July 2009). 4981:. New Holland. pp. 207–211. 4439:50 Years of Australian Television 3932:, a 24-hour sports news channel. 3165:Notable miniseries have included 3065:Broadcasting programming synopsis 3003:Satellite television in Australia 2745:. A third, recently established, 2726:channels/networks are available. 961:the 0–10 Network, and now called 481:Wickham Terrace Observatory Tower 8284:1929 establishments in Australia 6973:Regional television in Australia 6925: 6831: 4371:Internet television in Australia 4345: 4331: 4240:Nielsen Media Research Australia 3899:Political and interview program 3036:Internet television in Australia 2966:. TransACT is only available in 2777:Regional television in Australia 2672:Regional television in Australia 2572: 1896:regional television in Australia 1385:which had started in late 1967, 1163:, which both premiered in 1966. 1135:Graham Kennedy Channel Nine Show 1103:premiered on 20 October 1964 on 1073:, who performed their new song " 993:and its successors (1970–1972). 460:. Reports differ on whether the 419:series, in addition to news and 288: 6978:Television ratings in Australia 6718: 6686: 6666: 6653: 6640: 6627: 6605: 6584:Moran, Robert (27 March 2019). 6577: 6551: 6525: 6471: 6443: 6416: 6356: 6340:. 16 April 2007. Archived from 6326: 6300: 6275: 6210: 6197: 6184: 6171: 6143: 6059: 6033: 6001: 5975: 5947: 5849: 5821: 5794: 5767: 5689: 5596:. 24 February 1962. p. 27. 5513: 5491: 5459: 5433: 5345: 5294: 5280: 5250: 5232:"Popular Australian Television" 5194: 5166: 5144: 5114: 5080: 5054: 4995: 4967: 4878: 4855: 4837: 4779: 4738: 4719: 4696: 4670: 4649: 4615: 4603: 4591: 4579: 4361:Digital television in Australia 4228:Television ratings in Australia 4073:Television ratings in Australia 3520:broadcasts a nightly hour-long 3456:(with the notable exception of 3381:has world news at 6:30 pm. The 3160: 2661: 2357:Indigenous Community Television 2118:, as well as the transition to 2116:digital television to Australia 1503:crew in 1970, alongside actors 1111:satirical sketch comedy series 1097:' Melbourne-based police drama 1022:Australian television history. 1019:Sydney–Melbourne co-axial cable 591:Postmaster-General's Department 532:Postmaster-General's Department 471:, using the electro-mechanical 7123:Federated States of Micronesia 6838:Day, Julia (18 October 2006). 6478:Knox, David (25 August 2014). 6450:Knox, David (11 August 2013). 6312:National Indigenous Television 6218:ELEVEN to launch in early 2011 5898:. January 2003. Archived from 5751:. AusTVHistory. Archived from 5676:"Television AU – The Eighties" 5009:. Abc.net.au. 5 September 2006 4797:– ABC News – 16 September 2006 4665:(Thesis). Griffith University. 4646:– TV Times 1961, 4 May. Page 5 4598:1885 Telephane system diagrams 4576:– IEEE Global History Network. 4567: 4545: 4515: 4428: 4414: 4398: 4061:National Indigenous Television 2747:National Indigenous Television 2539:was relaunched on Channel 90. 2345:National Indigenous Television 2234:Enough Rope with Andrew Denton 2164:The Chaser's War on Everything 1959:. Throughout the early 1990s, 1466:began in November 1971, while 1395:, and the World War II-themed 906:commencing broadcast in 1962. 464:was successfully implemented. 1: 6370:. 5 June 2007. Archived from 6216:David Knox (26 August 2010). 6203:David Knox (19 August 2010). 5749:"Sunshine Television History" 5527:The Australian Women's Weekly 4892:. Retrieved on 31 March 2012. 4875:. Retrieved on 31 March 2012. 4656:Davies, Elizabeth A. (2009). 4391: 4274: 4271:", which they no longer use. 3960:(2007) was an early example; 3356: 3220: 2876:. Community stations include 2829:is provided in most areas by 1447:Simon Townsend's Wonder World 1298:launched in 1971. Similarly, 870:in 1961 with the first being 6558:Bond, Nick (28 March 2019). 6097:Ten Network Holdings Limited 5954:Casey, Marcus (9 May 2007). 5929:University of Western Sydney 5612:Special Broadcasting Service 5331:National Museum of Australia 4979:Events That Shaped Australia 4886:Video tour starts at Bendigo 4679:"Broadcasting in Queensland" 4610:Television: The Elusive Goal 3287:Comedy series have included 2809:Tasmanian Digital Television 2743:Special Broadcasting Service 2246:Tasmanian Digital Television 1613:Special Broadcasting Service 1601:Special Broadcasting Service 1003:appearing split-screen with 842:, ran for a 10-month run on 7: 6452:"Nine News claims the year" 6190:Travis Kirk (4 July 2010). 5925:"Television Sydney History" 5829:"Rupert's killer of a deal" 5608:"SBS Corporation – History" 4949:Australian Heritage Council 4863:Public Television Screening 4705:"ABC Archives photo stream" 4324: 3199:, and in more recent times 3087:, produced in Melbourne by 2687:'s broadcast centre in the 2081:Sydney 2000 Summer Olympics 2017:) was launched in 1995 and 1990:During the 1990s the first 1566:commenced transmissions in 699:group owned HSV-7, and the 524:Australian Labor Government 415:, sport, and in particular 367:Willoughby, New South Wales 10: 8305: 5984:"The men who can save Ten" 5447:. Australiantelevision.net 5103:(Allen & Unwin, 2001, 5099:Stuart Cunningham et al., 4293:, community broadcasting, 4278: 4070: 4066: 3373:has news at 5:00 pm while 3033: 2914: 2813:Mildura Digital Television 2698:is currently available as 2665: 2373:high-definition television 2363:remote satellite service. 2343:780 million. In mid-2007, 2266:Mildura Digital Television 2127:high-definition television 430: 8223: 8121: 7991: 7982: 7873: 7864: 7811: 7687:Intelligence and security 7613: 7604: 7572: 7477: 7468: 7403: 7345: 7336: 7214: 7191: 7110: 7059: 7001: 6938: 6591:The Sydney Morning Herald 6427:. B&T. Archived from 5956:"Bert's Family Feud axed" 5857:"The Demise of Australis" 5834:The Sydney Morning Herald 5780:. Routledge. p. 87. 5476:The Sydney Morning Herald 4922:The Sydney Morning Herald 4868:The Sydney Morning Herald 4831:10.1080/10304319109388204 4745:SmartLives – Did You Know 3678:and seen across northern 3282: 2817:Darwin Digital Television 2634:With the rapid spread of 2504:was established in 2001. 2105:The Dream with Roy and HG 1583:Victorian Football League 1427:after his departure from 1017:The establishment of the 7269:Northern Mariana Islands 6846:. London: guardian.co.uk 5801:Westfield, Mark (2000). 5522:"Did You See Red on TV?" 4677:Porter, Charles (1961). 4642:12 February 2010 at the 4028:were all well received. 3975:The Gods of Wheat Street 3926:Sky News Weather Channel 3702:produces a bulletin for 3487:News and current affairs 3377:has news at 7:00 pm and 3056:networks also all offer 2867:Australian Radio Network 2029:(American football) and 1367:; comedy/variety series 1177:Skippy the Bush Kangaroo 23:This article is part of 8279:Television in Australia 7234:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 6948:Television in Australia 6932:Television in Australia 5747:Brooklyn Ross-Hulands. 5421:. Classic Australian TV 5126:– "TV and Family Life"" 4318:Parliament of Australia 4299:subscription television 4291:commercial broadcasting 3914:subscription television 3716:Southern Cross Austereo 3491: 3473:Australian Eastern Time 3441:Australian Eastern Time 3302:The Norman Gunston Show 2861:and companies owned by 2821:West Digital Television 2785:Southern Cross Austereo 2054:Australian Rugby League 1992:subscription television 1693:1986 Commonwealth Games 1436:The Graham Kennedy Show 1411:. Later hospital drama 1226:The Lorrae Desmond Show 1166:Veteran actor-producer 1114:The Mavis Bramston Show 756:The Mavis Bramston Show 697:Herald and Weekly Times 568:Astor Radio Corporation 332:Television in Australia 8081:Indigenous Australians 7582:States and territories 6364:"Section 38B register" 5614:. 2002. Archived from 5038:. 2005. Archived from 5003:"ABC Radio National – 4951:. 2003. Archived from 4703:AU (21 January 2010). 4019:Little J & Big Cuz 3952:Indigenous Australians 3722:on their TV stations. 3054:free-to-air television 2999: 2692: 2299:Good Morning Australia 2242:SBS World News Channel 2103:subscription channel. 2084: 1740:. Ten began screening 1706:televised a series of 1088:Apollo 11 Moon landing 1027:satellite broadcasting 1014: 645:An interview with Mrs 578:TV network run by the 508: 499:Melbourne "housewife" 408: 52: 8289:Television by country 7375:Territorial evolution 7217:and other territories 7105:Television in Oceania 6425:"Seven takes on Nine" 5590:"Newcastle Calling". 5571:. television.au. 2006 4767:. television.au. 2006 4750:22 April 2011 at the 4463:Brisbane Courier Mail 4459:"Birth of Our Nation" 4381:History of television 4071:Further information: 3969:8MMM Aboriginal Radio 3946:Indigenous television 3924:. A local version of 3800:Foreign Correspondent 3696:Imparja National News 3344:Thank God You're Here 2997: 2683: 2666:Further information: 2507:On 12 December 2012, 2439:Packed to the Rafters 2212:Big Brother Australia 2202:The Secret Life of Us 2186:Thank God You're Here 2074: 1934:Seven Network Limited 1890:Hey Hey It's Saturday 1451:Shirl's Neighbourhood 1370:Hey Hey It's Saturday 1306:on 18 June 1971, and 999: 849:Discovering the Bible 642:started in December. 575:Broadcasting Act 1948 540:Liberal-Country Party 536:Broadcasting Act 1948 498: 399: 94:Monarchy of Australia 51: 7821:Cabinet of Australia 7796:Government ministers 7564:World Heritage Sites 7370:European exploration 6749:"Content regulation" 6679:4 March 2016 at the 6431:on 26 September 2007 6374:on 13 September 2007 6334:"Population figures" 6103:on 19 September 2007 5988:The Sunday Telegraph 5961:The Sunday Telegraph 5869:on 11 September 2007 5755:on 28 September 2007 5132:on 17 September 2009 5124:From Wireless to Web 5068:on 23 September 2009 4731:17 July 2011 at the 4557:1 March 2011 at the 4469:on 15 February 2008. 3700:Southern Cross Seven 3523:World News Australia 3305:, and more recently 3089:Crawford Productions 2990:Satellite television 2982:that are reached by 2596:improve this section 2248:launched, providing 2089:2000 Summer Olympics 1940:Community television 1744:on 20 January 1986. 1683:Summer Olympic Games 1578:on 21 January 1977. 1430:In Melbourne Tonight 1341:Crawford Productions 1205:In Melbourne Tonight 1130:In Melbourne Tonight 1095:Crawford Productions 1075:All You Need Is Love 1025:The introduction of 1010:In Melbourne Tonight 614:1956 Summer Olympics 491:Early demonstrations 452:system, so that the 450:Nipkow spinning disk 338:with radio stations 280:World Heritage Sites 7893:Gross state product 6844:MediaGuardian.co.uk 6819:on 4 September 2007 6789:on 4 September 2007 6759:on 2 September 2007 6537:Screenhub Australia 6344:on 4 September 2007 6287:Malcolm Turnbull MP 6271:. 10 December 2013. 6177:(21 January 2010). 5905:on 16 February 2008 5304:. ABC. 9 April 2012 5262:– Historical Facts" 5154:. Cc.murdoch.edu.au 4925:. 11 September 2006 4917:"Birth of a notion" 4849:14 May 2009 at the 4793:31 May 2008 at the 4622:Australian Heritage 4533:on 5 September 2007 4295:public broadcasting 4236:television networks 4083: 3595:Nine Afternoon News 3510:at 5:30pm, 7pm and 3341:and popular series 3332:Summer Heights High 3296:The Paul Hogan Show 3290:The Aunty Jack Show 3046:internet television 3030:Internet television 2984:Neighbourhood Cable 2940:Neighbourhood Cable 2851:Neighbourhood Cable 2689:Melbourne Docklands 2524:On 29 August 2015, 2292:announced that the 2272:transmissions with 2152:Summer Heights High 2123:standard-definition 2079:'s telecast of the 2021:in 1996, featuring 1930:Sunshine Television 1499:was awarded to the 1030:"Australia Day" at 107:Arts and literature 8211:Australian studies 8146:Australian English 7955:Telecommunications 7791:Government leaders 7734:Political ideology 6242:. 27 November 2011 5501:. Televisionau.com 5469:(4 October 2009). 5268:on 21 January 2010 4955:on 10 October 2007 4077: 3918:Sky News Australia 3708:Sky News Australia 3692:Imparja Television 3688:Northern Territory 3621:Sky News Australia 3437:Northern Territory 3398:ABC News Breakfast 3264:Sons and Daughters 3174:All the Rivers Run 3142:The Flying Doctors 3136:A Country Practice 3077:Serials and dramas 3000: 2789:Imparja Television 2693: 2445:Two and a Half Men 2367:High-definition TV 2317:Bert's Family Feud 2285:in February 2006. 2281:in April 2004 and 2207:reality television 2085: 1729:Sons and Daughters 1590:Commonwealth Games 1556:1976 Olympic Games 1079:Abbey Road Studios 1015: 706:regulatory capture 602:Menzies Government 522:In June 1948, the 509: 409: 391:digital television 53: 8266: 8265: 8219: 8218: 8041:Human trafficking 7978: 7977: 7860: 7859: 7660:Foreign relations 7600: 7599: 7464: 7463: 7411:Asian Australians 7292: 7291: 7284:Wallis and Futuna 7192:Associated states 7072: 7071: 6869:Free TV Australia 6394:"About the CBAAA" 5935:on 28 August 2006 5837:. 1 February 2003 5651:on 31 August 2007 5479:. Fairfax Digital 5359:on 7 January 2010 5238:on 29 August 2007 5180:Los Angeles Times 5109:978-1-86508-674-3 5042:on 31 August 2007 4988:978-1-74110-492-9 4525:(Press release). 4339:Television portal 4225: 4224: 3890:. In the morning 3712:Sky News Regional 3668:Western Australia 3643:, and Melbourne. 3601:local bulletins. 3591:Nine Morning News 3513:The Midday Report 3459:The Midday Report 3454:Western Australia 3445:Western Australia 3246:The Young Doctors 3197:The Timeless Land 3050:streaming service 2793:Western Australia 2632: 2631: 2624: 2406:available in SD, 2288:In October 2005, 2283:Television Sydney 2196:O: Just Add Water 2158:Spicks and Specks 1996:Galaxy Television 1932:was purchased by 1762:Natalie Imbruglia 1414:The Young Doctors 1364:Young Talent Time 956:in Melbourne and 456:could be seen in 329: 328: 38: 8296: 8246: 8239: 8232: 8108:Waste management 7989: 7988: 7910:Household income 7871: 7870: 7833:Governor-General 7643:Electoral system 7611: 7610: 7475: 7474: 7343: 7342: 7319: 7312: 7305: 7296: 7295: 7274:Pitcairn Islands 7244:French Polynesia 7229:Christmas Island 7158:Papua New Guinea 7138:Marshall Islands 7111:Sovereign states 7099: 7092: 7085: 7076: 7075: 7047: 7014:Defunct channels 6930: 6929: 6918: 6911: 6904: 6895: 6894: 6856: 6855: 6853: 6851: 6835: 6829: 6828: 6826: 6824: 6805: 6799: 6798: 6796: 6794: 6775: 6769: 6768: 6766: 6764: 6745: 6739: 6738: 6736: 6734: 6722: 6716: 6715: 6713: 6711: 6706:on 12 March 2008 6690: 6684: 6670: 6664: 6657: 6651: 6644: 6638: 6631: 6625: 6624: 6622: 6620: 6609: 6603: 6602: 6600: 6598: 6581: 6575: 6574: 6572: 6570: 6555: 6549: 6548: 6546: 6544: 6529: 6523: 6522: 6520: 6518: 6503: 6497: 6496: 6494: 6492: 6475: 6469: 6468: 6466: 6464: 6447: 6441: 6440: 6438: 6436: 6420: 6414: 6413: 6411: 6409: 6400:. Archived from 6390: 6384: 6383: 6381: 6379: 6360: 6354: 6353: 6351: 6349: 6330: 6324: 6323: 6321: 6319: 6304: 6298: 6297: 6295: 6293: 6279: 6273: 6272: 6261: 6252: 6251: 6249: 6247: 6230: 6221: 6214: 6208: 6201: 6195: 6188: 6182: 6175: 6169: 6168: 6166: 6164: 6147: 6141: 6140: 6138: 6136: 6119: 6113: 6112: 6110: 6108: 6089: 6083: 6082: 6080: 6078: 6063: 6057: 6056: 6054: 6052: 6047:. 6 January 2006 6037: 6031: 6030: 6028: 6026: 6005: 5999: 5998: 5996: 5994: 5979: 5973: 5972: 5970: 5968: 5951: 5945: 5944: 5942: 5940: 5921: 5915: 5914: 5912: 5910: 5904: 5893: 5885: 5879: 5878: 5876: 5874: 5853: 5847: 5846: 5844: 5842: 5825: 5819: 5818: 5798: 5792: 5791: 5771: 5765: 5764: 5762: 5760: 5744: 5735: 5734: 5732: 5730: 5713: 5707: 5706: 5705:. 18 March 2015. 5693: 5687: 5686: 5684: 5682: 5672: 5661: 5660: 5658: 5656: 5647:. Archived from 5641: 5628: 5627: 5625: 5623: 5604: 5598: 5597: 5587: 5581: 5580: 5578: 5576: 5565: 5540: 5539: 5537: 5535: 5517: 5511: 5510: 5508: 5506: 5495: 5489: 5488: 5486: 5484: 5463: 5457: 5456: 5454: 5452: 5437: 5431: 5430: 5428: 5426: 5411: 5402: 5401: 5399: 5397: 5390:televisionau.com 5382: 5369: 5368: 5366: 5364: 5349: 5343: 5342: 5340: 5338: 5323: 5314: 5313: 5311: 5309: 5298: 5292: 5291: 5284: 5278: 5277: 5275: 5273: 5254: 5248: 5247: 5245: 5243: 5228: 5209: 5198: 5192: 5191: 5189: 5187: 5170: 5164: 5163: 5161: 5159: 5148: 5142: 5141: 5139: 5137: 5118: 5112: 5097: 5091: 5084: 5078: 5077: 5075: 5073: 5058: 5052: 5051: 5049: 5047: 5036:FreeTV Australia 5028: 5019: 5018: 5016: 5014: 5005:The Science Show 4999: 4993: 4992: 4971: 4965: 4964: 4962: 4960: 4941: 4935: 4934: 4932: 4930: 4913: 4907: 4906: 4899: 4893: 4884:(6 March 1950). 4882: 4876: 4861:(8 April 1949). 4859: 4853: 4841: 4835: 4834: 4809: 4798: 4783: 4777: 4776: 4774: 4772: 4761: 4755: 4742: 4736: 4723: 4717: 4716: 4714: 4712: 4700: 4694: 4692: 4683: 4674: 4668: 4666: 4664: 4653: 4647: 4634: 4625: 4619: 4613: 4607: 4601: 4595: 4589: 4586:Henry Sutton bio 4583: 4577: 4574:Henry Sutton bio 4571: 4565: 4552:Henry Sutton bio 4549: 4543: 4542: 4540: 4538: 4519: 4513: 4512: 4510: 4508: 4493: 4487: 4480: 4471: 4470: 4465:. Archived from 4455: 4449: 4432: 4426: 4422:Linking a Nation 4418: 4412: 4402: 4355: 4353:Australia portal 4350: 4349: 4348: 4341: 4336: 4335: 4307:Australian media 4084: 4076: 4004:Kiki & Kitty 3935:Squawk Australia 3869:A Current Affair 3754:This Day Tonight 3749:This Day Tonight 3308:The D-Generation 3186:Brides of Christ 3168:Against the Wind 2911:Cable television 2835:Optus Television 2716:cable television 2627: 2620: 2616: 2613: 2607: 2576: 2568: 2519:Malcolm Turnbull 2310:, he joined the 2038:Super League war 2004:Optus Television 1497:Gold Logie Award 1459:A Current Affair 1423:returned to the 1404:Against the Wind 1236:Michael Charlton 1077:" live from the 829:Six O'Clock Rock 787:Early programmes 485:Horrors of Drink 377:Sydney. The new 321: 314: 307: 295:Australia portal 292: 269:National colours 87:Multiculturalism 41: 36: 28: 18: 17: 8304: 8303: 8299: 8298: 8297: 8295: 8294: 8293: 8269: 8268: 8267: 8262: 8249: 8242: 8235: 8228: 8215: 8176:Public holidays 8117: 8061:Life expectancy 7974: 7856: 7807: 7596: 7568: 7554:Protected areas 7460: 7399: 7332: 7323: 7293: 7288: 7216: 7210: 7193: 7187: 7168:Solomon Islands 7106: 7103: 7073: 7068: 7055: 7044:longest-running 7041: 6997: 6940: 6934: 6924: 6922: 6865: 6860: 6859: 6849: 6847: 6836: 6832: 6822: 6820: 6807: 6806: 6802: 6792: 6790: 6777: 6776: 6772: 6762: 6760: 6747: 6746: 6742: 6732: 6730: 6723: 6719: 6709: 6707: 6692: 6691: 6687: 6681:Wayback Machine 6671: 6667: 6658: 6654: 6645: 6641: 6632: 6628: 6618: 6616: 6611: 6610: 6606: 6596: 6594: 6582: 6578: 6568: 6566: 6556: 6552: 6542: 6540: 6531: 6530: 6526: 6516: 6514: 6504: 6500: 6490: 6488: 6476: 6472: 6462: 6460: 6448: 6444: 6434: 6432: 6421: 6417: 6407: 6405: 6404:on 10 July 2007 6392: 6391: 6387: 6377: 6375: 6362: 6361: 6357: 6347: 6345: 6332: 6331: 6327: 6317: 6315: 6306: 6305: 6301: 6291: 6289: 6281: 6280: 6276: 6263: 6262: 6255: 6245: 6243: 6232: 6231: 6224: 6215: 6211: 6202: 6198: 6189: 6185: 6176: 6172: 6162: 6160: 6148: 6144: 6134: 6132: 6131:. 17 March 2008 6121: 6120: 6116: 6106: 6104: 6091: 6090: 6086: 6076: 6074: 6065: 6064: 6060: 6050: 6048: 6039: 6038: 6034: 6024: 6022: 6007: 6006: 6002: 5992: 5990: 5980: 5976: 5966: 5964: 5952: 5948: 5938: 5936: 5923: 5922: 5918: 5908: 5906: 5902: 5891: 5887: 5886: 5882: 5872: 5870: 5855: 5854: 5850: 5840: 5838: 5827: 5826: 5822: 5815: 5799: 5795: 5788: 5772: 5768: 5758: 5756: 5745: 5738: 5728: 5726: 5714: 5710: 5695: 5694: 5690: 5680: 5678: 5674: 5673: 5664: 5654: 5652: 5643: 5642: 5631: 5621: 5619: 5618:on 14 June 2007 5606: 5605: 5601: 5589: 5588: 5584: 5574: 5572: 5567: 5566: 5543: 5533: 5531: 5518: 5514: 5504: 5502: 5497: 5496: 5492: 5482: 5480: 5464: 5460: 5450: 5448: 5439: 5438: 5434: 5424: 5422: 5413: 5412: 5405: 5395: 5393: 5384: 5383: 5372: 5362: 5360: 5351: 5350: 5346: 5336: 5334: 5325: 5324: 5317: 5307: 5305: 5302:"ABC TV Firsts" 5300: 5299: 5295: 5286: 5285: 5281: 5271: 5269: 5258:"ABC website – 5256: 5255: 5251: 5241: 5239: 5230: 5229: 5212: 5199: 5195: 5185: 5183: 5171: 5167: 5157: 5155: 5150: 5149: 5145: 5135: 5133: 5120: 5119: 5115: 5098: 5094: 5085: 5081: 5071: 5069: 5060: 5059: 5055: 5045: 5043: 5030: 5029: 5022: 5012: 5010: 5001: 5000: 4996: 4989: 4972: 4968: 4958: 4956: 4943: 4942: 4938: 4928: 4926: 4915: 4914: 4910: 4901: 4900: 4896: 4883: 4879: 4860: 4856: 4851:Wayback Machine 4842: 4838: 4810: 4801: 4795:Wayback Machine 4784: 4780: 4770: 4768: 4763: 4762: 4758: 4752:Wayback Machine 4743: 4739: 4733:Wayback Machine 4724: 4720: 4710: 4708: 4701: 4697: 4686:Journal of the 4681: 4675: 4671: 4662: 4654: 4650: 4644:Wayback Machine 4635: 4628: 4620: 4616: 4608: 4604: 4596: 4592: 4584: 4580: 4572: 4568: 4559:Wayback Machine 4550: 4546: 4536: 4534: 4521: 4520: 4516: 4506: 4504: 4494: 4490: 4481: 4474: 4457: 4456: 4452: 4433: 4429: 4419: 4415: 4403: 4399: 4394: 4351: 4346: 4344: 4337: 4330: 4327: 4283: 4277: 4075: 4069: 4043:Miranda Tapsell 3948: 3930:Fox Sports News 3902:The Bolt Report 3876:and has, since 3759:The 7.30 Report 3728: 3726:Current affairs 3680:New South Wales 3664:South Australia 3652:New South Wales 3494: 3489: 3433:South Australia 3359: 3320:The Glass House 3285: 3223: 3163: 3079: 3067: 3038: 3032: 2992: 2919: 2913: 2718:services. Both 2678: 2664: 2628: 2617: 2611: 2608: 2593: 2577: 2566: 2553:on Channel 13. 2420: 2369: 2218:Australian Idol 2195: 2069: 2025:(rugby union), 1906:New South Wales 1819: 1771:The soap opera 1768:to name a few. 1713:The Australian 1609: 1533:Denise Drysdale 1509:Maggie Tabberer 1442:Blankety Blanks 1283: 1252:Brian Henderson 1160:Here's Humphrey 904:New South Wales 864: 810:Brian Henderson 789: 651:Barry Humphries 505:Barry Humphries 493: 438: 433: 421:current affairs 325: 293: 273: 138:Performing arts 136: 78: 39: 35: 22: 12: 11: 5: 8302: 8292: 8291: 8286: 8281: 8264: 8263: 8261: 8260: 8255: 8248: 8247: 8240: 8233: 8225: 8224: 8221: 8220: 8217: 8216: 8214: 8213: 8208: 8203: 8198: 8193: 8188: 8183: 8178: 8173: 8168: 8163: 8158: 8153: 8148: 8143: 8138: 8133: 8127: 8125: 8119: 8118: 8116: 8115: 8110: 8105: 8100: 8095: 8090: 8085: 8084: 8083: 8078: 8073: 8063: 8058: 8053: 8048: 8043: 8038: 8033: 8028: 8023: 8018: 8013: 8008: 8003: 7998: 7992: 7986: 7980: 7979: 7976: 7975: 7973: 7972: 7970:Welfare system 7967: 7962: 7957: 7952: 7947: 7945:Superannuation 7942: 7940:Stock exchange 7937: 7932: 7927: 7922: 7917: 7912: 7907: 7906: 7905: 7903:Public housing 7898:Home ownership 7895: 7890: 7885: 7880: 7874: 7868: 7862: 7861: 7858: 7857: 7855: 7854: 7853: 7852: 7845:Prime Minister 7842: 7841: 7840: 7830: 7829: 7828: 7817: 7815: 7809: 7808: 7806: 7805: 7803:Shadow Cabinet 7800: 7799: 7798: 7793: 7783: 7781:Public Service 7778: 7777: 7776: 7771: 7766: 7761: 7756: 7751: 7746: 7741: 7731: 7726: 7721: 7716: 7711: 7710: 7709: 7704: 7699: 7689: 7684: 7683: 7682: 7677: 7672: 7662: 7657: 7655:Federal budget 7652: 7651: 7650: 7645: 7640: 7630: 7625: 7620: 7614: 7608: 7602: 7601: 7598: 7597: 7595: 7594: 7589: 7584: 7578: 7576: 7570: 7569: 7567: 7566: 7561: 7556: 7551: 7546: 7541: 7536: 7531: 7526: 7521: 7516: 7511: 7510: 7509: 7499: 7494: 7489: 7487:Climate change 7484: 7478: 7472: 7466: 7465: 7462: 7461: 7459: 7458: 7453: 7448: 7443: 7438: 7433: 7428: 7423: 7418: 7416:Constitutional 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6209: 6196: 6183: 6170: 6157:The Australian 6142: 6114: 6084: 6073:. 14 July 2007 6058: 6032: 6021:on 5 June 2011 6000: 5974: 5946: 5916: 5880: 5848: 5820: 5813: 5793: 5786: 5766: 5736: 5723:The Australian 5708: 5688: 5662: 5629: 5599: 5582: 5541: 5512: 5490: 5458: 5432: 5403: 5370: 5344: 5315: 5293: 5290:. 4 July 1958. 5279: 5260:50 Years of TV 5249: 5210: 5193: 5165: 5143: 5113: 5092: 5079: 5053: 5020: 4994: 4987: 4966: 4936: 4908: 4894: 4877: 4854: 4836: 4825:(2): 152–170. 4799: 4778: 4756: 4737: 4718: 4695: 4669: 4648: 4626: 4614: 4602: 4590: 4578: 4566: 4544: 4514: 4488: 4482:Carty, Bruce, 4472: 4450: 4427: 4413: 4396: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4389: 4388: 4383: 4378: 4373: 4368: 4363: 4357: 4356: 4342: 4326: 4323: 4279:Main article: 4276: 4273: 4223: 4222: 4219: 4216: 4213: 4210: 4204: 4203: 4200: 4197: 4194: 4191: 4185: 4184: 4181: 4178: 4175: 4172: 4166: 4165: 4162: 4159: 4156: 4153: 4147: 4146: 4141: 4136: 4131: 4126: 4120: 4119: 4116: 4113: 4110: 4107: 4101: 4100: 4097: 4094: 4091: 4088: 4068: 4065: 3981:Ready for This 3954:proliferated. 3947: 3944: 3888:US counterpart 3818:Australia Wide 3727: 3724: 3720:WIN Television 3648:WIN Television 3493: 3490: 3488: 3485: 3358: 3355: 3350:Kath & Kim 3338:Please Like Me 3284: 3281: 3222: 3219: 3162: 3159: 3100:Matlock Police 3078: 3075: 3066: 3063: 3031: 3028: 3006:Australia was 2991: 2988: 2912: 2909: 2906:Kayne Tremills 2859:SBS Television 2781:WIN Television 2663: 2660: 2630: 2629: 2580: 2578: 2571: 2565: 2562: 2419: 2416: 2368: 2365: 2193: 2140:Kath & Kim 2137:comedies like 2068: 2065: 2033:(basketball). 1965:Latrobe Valley 1884:Good News Week 1818: 1815: 1803:Julian McMahon 1679:Kennedy-Miller 1667:Rupert Murdoch 1608: 1605: 1521:Graham Kennedy 1513:Gerard Kennedy 1421:Graham Kennedy 1379:; soap operas 1358:Matlock Police 1343:police dramas 1282: 1279: 1256:Hazel Phillips 1222:Lorrae Desmond 1210:Graham Kennedy 1170:and filmmaker 1125:Graham Kennedy 1005:Graham Kennedy 987:(1968–70) and 863: 860: 834:Johnny O'Keefe 819:World of Sport 791:The TV series 788: 785: 734:Desilu Studios 713:Seddon Vincent 545:Robert Menzies 492: 489: 437: 434: 432: 429: 327: 326: 324: 323: 316: 309: 301: 298: 297: 285: 284: 283: 282: 277: 271: 266: 261: 256: 248: 247: 243: 242: 241: 240: 235: 230: 225: 224: 223: 218: 213: 208: 203: 193: 188: 183: 178: 170: 169: 165: 164: 163: 162: 161: 160: 155: 150: 145: 134: 133: 132: 122: 117: 109: 108: 104: 103: 102: 101: 96: 91: 90: 89: 84: 73: 68: 60: 59: 55: 54: 44: 43: 31: 30: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8301: 8290: 8287: 8285: 8282: 8280: 8277: 8276: 8274: 8259: 8256: 8254: 8251: 8250: 8245: 8241: 8238: 8234: 8231: 8227: 8226: 8222: 8212: 8209: 8207: 8204: 8202: 8199: 8197: 8194: 8192: 8189: 8187: 8184: 8182: 8179: 8177: 8174: 8172: 8169: 8167: 8164: 8162: 8159: 8157: 8154: 8152: 8149: 8147: 8144: 8142: 8139: 8137: 8134: 8132: 8129: 8128: 8126: 8124: 8120: 8114: 8111: 8109: 8106: 8104: 8101: 8099: 8096: 8094: 8091: 8089: 8086: 8082: 8079: 8077: 8076:Ethnic groups 8074: 8072: 8069: 8068: 8067: 8064: 8062: 8059: 8057: 8054: 8052: 8049: 8047: 8044: 8042: 8039: 8037: 8034: 8032: 8029: 8027: 8024: 8022: 8019: 8017: 8014: 8012: 8009: 8007: 8004: 8002: 7999: 7997: 7994: 7993: 7990: 7987: 7985: 7981: 7971: 7968: 7966: 7963: 7961: 7958: 7956: 7953: 7951: 7948: 7946: 7943: 7941: 7938: 7936: 7933: 7931: 7928: 7926: 7923: 7921: 7918: 7916: 7915:Manufacturing 7913: 7911: 7908: 7904: 7901: 7900: 7899: 7896: 7894: 7891: 7889: 7886: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7876: 7875: 7872: 7869: 7867: 7863: 7851: 7848: 7847: 7846: 7843: 7839: 7836: 7835: 7834: 7831: 7827: 7824: 7823: 7822: 7819: 7818: 7816: 7814: 7810: 7804: 7801: 7797: 7794: 7792: 7789: 7788: 7787: 7784: 7782: 7779: 7775: 7772: 7770: 7769:Republicanism 7767: 7765: 7762: 7760: 7757: 7755: 7752: 7750: 7747: 7745: 7742: 7740: 7737: 7736: 7735: 7732: 7730: 7727: 7725: 7724:National debt 7722: 7720: 7717: 7715: 7712: 7708: 7705: 7703: 7700: 7698: 7695: 7694: 7693: 7690: 7688: 7685: 7681: 7678: 7676: 7673: 7671: 7668: 7667: 7666: 7663: 7661: 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7207: 7204: 7202: 7199: 7198: 7196: 7190: 7184: 7181: 7179: 7176: 7174: 7171: 7169: 7166: 7164: 7161: 7159: 7156: 7154: 7151: 7149: 7146: 7144: 7141: 7139: 7136: 7134: 7131: 7129: 7126: 7124: 7121: 7119: 7116: 7115: 7113: 7109: 7100: 7095: 7093: 7088: 7086: 7081: 7080: 7077: 7065: 7062: 7061: 7058: 7052: 7049: 7045: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7017: 7015: 7012: 7010: 7007: 7006: 7004: 7000: 6994: 6991: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6968: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6946: 6945: 6943: 6937: 6933: 6928: 6919: 6914: 6912: 6907: 6905: 6900: 6899: 6896: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6866: 6845: 6841: 6834: 6818: 6814: 6810: 6804: 6788: 6784: 6780: 6774: 6758: 6754: 6750: 6744: 6728: 6721: 6705: 6701: 6700: 6695: 6689: 6682: 6678: 6675: 6669: 6662: 6656: 6649: 6643: 6636: 6630: 6614: 6608: 6593: 6592: 6587: 6580: 6565: 6561: 6554: 6538: 6534: 6528: 6513: 6509: 6502: 6487: 6486: 6481: 6474: 6459: 6458: 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5375: 5358: 5354: 5348: 5333:. 6 June 1967 5332: 5328: 5322: 5320: 5303: 5297: 5289: 5283: 5267: 5263: 5261: 5253: 5237: 5233: 5227: 5225: 5223: 5221: 5219: 5217: 5215: 5208:), pp.160–161 5207: 5206:0-7336-0938-4 5203: 5197: 5182: 5181: 5176: 5169: 5153: 5147: 5131: 5127: 5125: 5117: 5110: 5106: 5102: 5096: 5089: 5083: 5067: 5063: 5057: 5041: 5037: 5033: 5027: 5025: 5008: 5006: 4998: 4990: 4984: 4980: 4976: 4970: 4954: 4950: 4946: 4940: 4924: 4923: 4918: 4912: 4904: 4898: 4891: 4887: 4881: 4874: 4870: 4869: 4864: 4858: 4852: 4848: 4845: 4840: 4832: 4828: 4824: 4820: 4819: 4814: 4813:Curthoys, Ann 4808: 4806: 4804: 4796: 4792: 4789: 4788: 4782: 4766: 4760: 4753: 4749: 4746: 4741: 4734: 4730: 4727: 4722: 4706: 4699: 4690: 4689: 4680: 4673: 4661: 4660: 4652: 4645: 4641: 4638: 4633: 4631: 4623: 4618: 4611: 4606: 4599: 4594: 4587: 4582: 4575: 4570: 4564: 4560: 4556: 4553: 4548: 4532: 4528: 4524: 4518: 4503: 4499: 4492: 4485: 4479: 4477: 4468: 4464: 4460: 4454: 4447: 4446:1-74110-367-3 4443: 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3910: 3908: 3904: 3903: 3897: 3895: 3894: 3889: 3885: 3884: 3879: 3875: 3874:Today Tonight 3871: 3870: 3865: 3861: 3860: 3859:Today Tonight 3855: 3854:Seven Network 3850: 3848: 3844: 3843: 3838: 3837: 3832: 3831: 3826: 3822: 3820: 3819: 3814: 3813: 3808: 3807: 3802: 3801: 3796: 3795: 3790: 3789: 3783: 3781: 3780: 3775: 3771: 3770: 3765: 3764:Kerry O'Brien 3761: 3760: 3755: 3751: 3750: 3745: 3741: 3739: 3738: 3733: 3723: 3721: 3717: 3713: 3709: 3705: 3701: 3697: 3693: 3689: 3685: 3681: 3677: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3649: 3644: 3642: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3617: 3612: 3610: 3609:10 News First 3606: 3605: 3604:10 News First 3600: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3587: 3582: 3581: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3560: 3556: 3555: 3550: 3548: 3547: 3542: 3541: 3536: 3532: 3531:Seven Network 3527: 3525: 3524: 3519: 3515: 3514: 3509: 3508: 3503: 3499: 3484: 3482: 3478: 3474: 3469: 3467: 3466: 3461: 3460: 3455: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3429: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3415: 3411: 3407: 3403: 3399: 3395: 3390: 3386: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3368: 3364: 3363:Seven Network 3354: 3352: 3351: 3346: 3345: 3340: 3339: 3334: 3333: 3328: 3327: 3326:Bogan Hunters 3322: 3321: 3316: 3315: 3310: 3309: 3304: 3303: 3298: 3297: 3292: 3291: 3280: 3278: 3277: 3276:Home and Away 3272: 3271: 3266: 3265: 3260: 3259: 3254: 3253: 3252:The Sullivans 3248: 3247: 3242: 3241: 3236: 3235: 3230: 3229: 3218: 3216: 3215: 3210: 3209: 3204: 3203: 3198: 3194: 3193: 3192:The Dismissal 3188: 3187: 3182: 3181: 3176: 3175: 3170: 3169: 3158: 3156: 3155: 3150: 3149: 3144: 3143: 3138: 3137: 3132: 3131: 3126: 3125: 3120: 3119: 3114: 3113: 3112:Police Rescue 3108: 3107: 3102: 3101: 3096: 3095: 3090: 3086: 3085: 3074: 3072: 3062: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3037: 3027: 3025: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3004: 2996: 2987: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2960: 2958: 2953: 2950: 2947: 2945: 2941: 2937: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2918: 2908: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2895: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2882:C31 Melbourne 2879: 2875: 2870: 2868: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2797:Mount Gambier 2794: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2774: 2772: 2768: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2754:Seven Network 2750: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2731: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2690: 2686: 2685:Seven Network 2682: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2659: 2657: 2656:Home and Away 2653: 2649: 2645: 2644:Home and Away 2641: 2637: 2626: 2623: 2615: 2605: 2601: 2597: 2591: 2590: 2586: 2581:This section 2579: 2575: 2570: 2569: 2561: 2559: 2554: 2552: 2547: 2545: 2540: 2538: 2534: 2529: 2527: 2522: 2520: 2515: 2512: 2510: 2505: 2503: 2498: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2483: 2481: 2477: 2472: 2467: 2465: 2464: 2459: 2458: 2453: 2448: 2446: 2441: 2440: 2435: 2434: 2428: 2426: 2415: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2396: 2393: 2389: 2385: 2380: 2378: 2374: 2364: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2333:Eddie McGuire 2330: 2327: 2321: 2319: 2318: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2300: 2295: 2291: 2286: 2284: 2280: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2238: 2236: 2235: 2230: 2229: 2224: 2220: 2219: 2214: 2213: 2209:, especially 2208: 2204: 2203: 2198: 2197: 2188: 2187: 2182: 2181: 2176: 2175: 2170: 2166: 2165: 2160: 2159: 2154: 2153: 2148: 2147: 2142: 2141: 2136: 2131: 2128: 2124: 2121: 2117: 2112: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2093:Seven Network 2090: 2082: 2078: 2077:Seven Network 2073: 2064: 2061: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2039: 2034: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2011: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1988: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1949:C31 Melbourne 1946: 1941: 1937: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1917: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1902: 1897: 1892: 1891: 1886: 1885: 1880: 1879: 1878:The Late Show 1874: 1873: 1868: 1867: 1862: 1861: 1856: 1855: 1850: 1849: 1844: 1843: 1838: 1837: 1832: 1831: 1826: 1825: 1814: 1810: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1775: 1774:Home and Away 1769: 1767: 1766:Margot Robbie 1763: 1759: 1758:Russell Crowe 1755: 1751: 1750:Kylie Minogue 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1730: 1725: 1721: 1720: 1716: 1711: 1709: 1705: 1704:Seven Network 1700: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1689: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1663: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1648: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1621:multicultural 1618: 1614: 1604: 1602: 1597: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1584: 1579: 1577: 1574:launching in 1573: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1548: 1546: 1542: 1541:Jeanne Little 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1505:Barry Crocker 1502: 1498: 1493: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1470: 1465: 1464:Mike Willesee 1461: 1460: 1454: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1443: 1438: 1437: 1432: 1431: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1416: 1415: 1410: 1409:Seven Network 1406: 1405: 1400: 1399: 1398:The Sullivans 1394: 1393: 1388: 1384: 1383: 1378: 1377: 1372: 1371: 1366: 1365: 1360: 1359: 1354: 1353: 1348: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1334: 1329: 1325: 1323: 1322: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1278: 1275: 1271: 1268: 1263: 1259: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1248:Gordon Chater 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1232: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1206: 1201: 1198: 1197: 1191: 1188: 1184: 1179: 1178: 1173: 1169: 1168:John McCallum 1164: 1162: 1161: 1156: 1152: 1151: 1146: 1145: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1131: 1126: 1122: 1121: 1116: 1115: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1101: 1096: 1091: 1089: 1085: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1066: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1047: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1028: 1023: 1020: 1012: 1011: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 992: 991: 990:Happening '70 986: 985: 981:(1964–1967), 980: 979: 974: 973: 972:The Go!! Show 966: 964: 959: 955: 950: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 931:Seven Network 928: 924: 920: 916: 912: 907: 905: 901: 897: 893: 889: 885: 881: 877: 873: 869: 859: 857: 856: 851: 850: 845: 841: 840: 839:Autumn Affair 835: 831: 830: 825: 821: 820: 815: 811: 807: 806: 801: 796: 795: 784: 782: 778: 774: 770: 765: 763: 758: 757: 751: 749: 745: 741: 740: 735: 731: 730: 724: 720: 716: 714: 709: 707: 702: 698: 694: 689: 685: 682: 680: 674: 672: 667: 662: 658: 656: 652: 648: 643: 641: 637: 633: 629: 625: 621: 617: 615: 611: 607: 603: 600:In 1954, the 598: 596: 592: 588: 583: 581: 576: 571: 569: 564: 561: 556: 552: 548: 546: 541: 537: 533: 529: 525: 520: 518: 514: 506: 502: 497: 488: 486: 482: 476: 474: 470: 465: 463: 459: 455: 454:Melbourne Cup 451: 447: 443: 428: 426: 422: 418: 414: 406: 402: 401:Bruce Gyngell 398: 394: 392: 388: 384: 383:Bruce Gyngell 380: 376: 372: 368: 363: 361: 357: 353: 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 322: 317: 315: 310: 308: 303: 302: 300: 299: 296: 291: 287: 286: 281: 278: 276: 272: 270: 267: 265: 262: 260: 257: 255: 252: 251: 250: 249: 245: 244: 239: 236: 234: 231: 229: 226: 222: 219: 217: 214: 212: 209: 207: 204: 202: 199: 198: 197: 194: 192: 189: 187: 184: 182: 179: 177: 174: 173: 172: 171: 167: 166: 159: 158:Pro wrestling 156: 154: 151: 149: 146: 144: 141: 140: 139: 135: 131: 128: 127: 126: 123: 121: 118: 116: 113: 112: 111: 110: 106: 105: 100: 97: 95: 92: 88: 85: 83: 80: 79: 77: 74: 72: 69: 67: 64: 63: 62: 61: 57: 56: 50: 46: 45: 42: 33: 32: 29: 26: 20: 19: 16: 8244:Bibliography 8195: 8131:Architecture 8088:Prostitution 8071:Demographics 8036:Homelessness 7935:Reserve Bank 7749:Conservatism 7697:Constitution 7665:Human rights 7623:Constitution 7574:Subdivisions 7355:Bibliography 7215:Dependencies 7201:Cook Islands 7117: 6947: 6939:Stations and 6931: 6848:. 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Retrieved 4502:News Limited 4491: 4483: 4467:the original 4462: 4453: 4438: 4430: 4420: 4416: 4400: 4311: 4303: 4284: 4268: 4262: 4251: 4244: 4226: 4143: 4138: 4133: 4128: 4059: 4041:, featuring 4036: 4034: 4025:Mystery Road 4023: 4017: 4013: 4007: 4003: 3999:The Warriors 3997: 3993:Black Comedy 3991: 3985: 3979: 3973: 3967: 3961: 3955: 3949: 3933: 3921: 3911: 3900: 3898: 3891: 3881: 3873: 3867: 3864:Nine Network 3857: 3851: 3842:Living Black 3840: 3834: 3828: 3823: 3816: 3810: 3804: 3798: 3792: 3786: 3784: 3777: 3769:Four Corners 3767: 3757: 3753: 3747: 3742: 3737:Four Corners 3735: 3729: 3645: 3613: 3608: 3602: 3598: 3594: 3590: 3584: 3578: 3562: 3558: 3552: 3551: 3544: 3538: 3535:Nine Network 3528: 3521: 3511: 3505: 3495: 3470: 3463: 3457: 3430: 3391: 3387: 3367:Nine Network 3360: 3348: 3342: 3336: 3330: 3324: 3318: 3312: 3306: 3300: 3294: 3288: 3286: 3274: 3268: 3262: 3256: 3250: 3244: 3238: 3232: 3226: 3224: 3212: 3208:Bastard Boys 3206: 3200: 3196: 3190: 3184: 3178: 3172: 3166: 3164: 3161:Mini-serials 3152: 3146: 3140: 3134: 3128: 3122: 3118:Blue Heelers 3116: 3110: 3104: 3098: 3092: 3082: 3080: 3068: 3039: 3016:Optus Vision 3001: 2961: 2954: 2951: 2948: 2920: 2902:Wil Anderson 2898:Rove McManus 2890:C31 Adelaide 2871: 2863:Kerry Stokes 2855:World Movies 2847:UBI World TV 2825: 2775: 2762:Nine Network 2751: 2732: 2724:subscription 2694: 2662:Broadcasting 2655: 2651: 2643: 2639: 2633: 2618: 2609: 2594:Please help 2582: 2555: 2548: 2541: 2530: 2523: 2516: 2513: 2506: 2499: 2484: 2479: 2475: 2468: 2463:Hungry Beast 2461: 2455: 2451: 2443: 2437: 2431: 2429: 2421: 2404:SBS Viceland 2397: 2381: 2371:The move to 2370: 2361:Optus Aurora 2355:, replacing 2329:Kerry Packer 2322: 2315: 2312:Nine Network 2297: 2294:morning show 2287: 2279:C31 Adelaide 2239: 2232: 2226: 2216: 2210: 2200: 2190: 2184: 2178: 2172: 2162: 2156: 2150: 2144: 2138: 2132: 2113: 2097:Nine Network 2086: 2062: 2058:rugby league 2050:Kerry Packer 2046:Super League 2035: 2012: 1989: 1975:, northeast 1969:Spencer Gulf 1938: 1918: 1899: 1888: 1882: 1876: 1872:Full Frontal 1870: 1866:Fast Forward 1864: 1858: 1854:Blue Heelers 1852: 1846: 1840: 1834: 1828: 1824:Halifax f.p. 1822: 1820: 1811: 1799:Heath Ledger 1795:Kate Ritchie 1793:, played by 1787:Tom Fletcher 1779:Logie Awards 1772: 1770: 1745: 1741: 1733: 1727: 1724:Erinsborough 1717: 1712: 1701: 1695:, live from 1686: 1664: 1649: 1617:Channel 0/28 1610: 1598: 1581:In 1977 the 1580: 1549: 1529:Ernie Sigley 1525:Pat McDonald 1494: 1467: 1462:, hosted by 1457: 1455: 1450: 1446: 1440: 1434: 1428: 1425:Nine Network 1419: 1412: 1402: 1396: 1390: 1386: 1380: 1374: 1368: 1362: 1356: 1350: 1344: 1338: 1330: 1326: 1319: 1316:0/10 Network 1310:launched in 1302:launched in 1284: 1276: 1272: 1265:In 1967 the 1264: 1260: 1244:Jimmy Hannan 1231:Four Corners 1229: 1225: 1213: 1203: 1200:Logie Awards 1194: 1192: 1186: 1182: 1175: 1172:Lee Robinson 1165: 1158: 1155:Nine Network 1148: 1144:Four Corners 1142: 1134: 1128: 1118: 1112: 1098: 1092: 1067: 1048: 1024: 1016: 1008: 988: 982: 976: 970: 967: 951: 927:Nine Network 908: 878:followed by 865: 853: 847: 837: 832:, hosted by 827: 817: 803: 792: 790: 781:test pattern 766: 761: 754: 752: 747: 737: 727: 725: 721: 717: 710: 705: 690: 686: 683: 679:Gerald Stone 675: 659: 647:Edna Everage 644: 618: 599: 584: 574: 572: 565: 557: 553: 549: 535: 521: 513:World War II 510: 501:Edna Everage 484: 477: 472: 466: 461: 445: 444:developed a 442:Henry Sutton 439: 410: 371:Nine Network 364: 355: 354:, using the 331: 330: 259:Coat of arms 238:Video gaming 215: 115:Architecture 21: 15: 8206:Anglosphere 8046:Immigration 8011:Citizenship 7878:Agriculture 7764:Nationalism 7707:Enforcement 7680:Transgender 7514:Earthquakes 7502:Environment 7436:Immigration 7365:Archaeology 7148:New Zealand 6879:TVAus Forum 6308:"Tuning In" 6292:27 November 6246:25 December 4975:Wendy Lewis 4078:Australian 4055:Andrew Bolt 4047:Nakkiah Lui 4038:Get Krack!n 3963:Redfern Now 3957:The Circuit 3849:community. 3443:, while in 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5729:27 January 4435:Peter Luck 4392:References 4314:government 4275:Regulation 4258:Network 10 4080:prime time 3907:Network 10 3883:60 Minutes 3878:Ray Martin 3847:indigenous 3766:in 1995). 3660:Queensland 3571:Townsville 3563:Seven News 3554:Seven News 3546:Seven News 3449:Queensland 3371:Network 10 3357:Scheduling 3270:Neighbours 3221:Soap opera 3154:All Saints 3124:Water Rats 3094:Division 4 3034:See also: 2915:See also: 2767:Queensland 2758:Network 10 2652:Neighbours 2640:Neighbours 2526:Racing.com 2433:Underbelly 2308:Network 10 2290:Network 10 2274:Digital 44 2169:Network 10 2120:widescreen 2109:Roy and HG 2015:Fox Sports 1985:Townsville 1914:Queensland 1860:Homicide's 1848:All Saints 1836:Water Rats 1754:Guy Pearce 1746:Neighbours 1742:Neighbours 1734:Neighbours 1719:Neighbours 1715:soap opera 1645:Gold Coast 1641:Wollongong 1495:A special 1469:60 Minutes 1352:Division 4 1304:Kalgoorlie 1240:Bobby Limb 1214:Pick-a-box 1055:Bobby Limb 963:Network 10 958:Channel 10 880:Shepparton 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