Australian literature

2833: 1816: 299: 3507:, was perhaps the first notable international success. Though not born in Australia, Shute spent his latter years there, and the book was set in Australia. It might have been worse had the imports of American pulp magazines not been restricted during WWII, forcing local writers into the field. Various compilation magazines began appearing in the 1960s and the field has continued to expand into some significance. Today Australia has a thriving SF/Fantasy genre with names recognised around the world. In 2013 a trilogy by Sydney-born 1406: 4060: 58: 2630: 3524: 3461: 961: 394: 2803:) in Australia. This relationship of (often male) loyalty has remained a central subject of Australian literature from colonial times to the present day. In 1847, Alexander Harris wrote of habits of mutual helpfulness between mates arising in the "otherwise solitary bush" in which men would often "stand by one another through thick and thin; in fact it is a universal feeling that a man ought to be able to trust his own mate in anything". 2981: 3132: 1423: 1087: 734: 3000: 1072: 3214: 1118: 1098: 2764: 2611:, have published bilingually. There are now signs that such writing is attracting more academic interest. Some older works in languages other than English have been translated and received critical and historical attention long after their first publication; for example, the first Chinese-language novel to be published in Australia (and possibly the West), 4105:(June 1821 - May 1822). It featured poetry, a two-part story and articles on theology and general topics. Most of the others that followed in the 19th century were based in either Sydney or Melbourne. Few lasted long due to difficulties that included a lack of capital, the small local market and competition from literary journals from Britain. 493:" over the nature of life in Australia with Lawson considered to have the harder edged view of the Bush and Paterson the romantic. Lawson is widely regarded as one of Australia's greatest writers of short stories, while Paterson's poems remain amongst the most popular Australian bush poems. Significant poets of the 20th century included Dame 2965:—previously known as Colin Johnson—was acclaimed as an Aboriginal writer until his Aboriginality came under question (his mother was Irish/English and his father was Irish/African-American, however he has strong connections with Aboriginal tribes); he now avoids adopting a specific ethnic identity and his works deconstruct such notions. 2337: 1185:

A Statistical, Historical, and Political Description of the Colony of New South Wales and Its Dependent Settlements in Van Diemen's Land, With a Particular Enumeration of the Advantages Which These Colonies Offer for Emigration and Their Superiority in Many Respects Over Those Possessed by the United

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in the Snowy Mountains, but became an international success and won the Australian Literary Society's gold medal. Born to a conservative, wealthy Anglo-Australian family, he later wrote of conviction in left-wing causes and lived as a homosexual. Never destined for life on the land, he enrolled at

3235:. Some of the more interesting and innovative contributions to Australian poetry have emerged from artist-run galleries in recent years, such as Textbase which had its beginnings as part of the 1st Floor gallery in Fitzroy. In addition, Red Room Company is a major exponent of innovative projects. 2606:

Comparatively little attention has been devoted to such writing by mainstream critics. It has been argued that, in relation to the national literary landscape, such literary communities have a quite separate existence, with their own poetry festivals, literary competitions, magazine and newspaper

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Contemporary Australian poetry is mostly published by small, independent book publishers. However, other kinds of publication, including new media and online journals, spoken word and live events, and public poetry projects are gaining an increasingly vibrant and popular presence. 1992–1999 saw

957:), accounts of Aborigines were more sympathetic and romantic: "these people may truly be said to be in the pure state of nature, and may appear to some to be the most wretched upon the earth; but in reality they are far happier than ... we Europeans", wrote Cook in his journal on 23 August 1770. 2486:. Michael Robert Christie's 2009 PhD dissertation, "Unbecoming-of-Age: Australian Grunge Fiction, the Bildungsroman and the Long Labor Decade" states that there is a genre called "post Grunge " which follows the grunge lit period. Christie names three examples of Australian "post-grunge lit": 3239:

has become a notable venue for spoken-word poetry and for community intersection with poetry as an art form to be shared. With its roots in Western Sydney it has a strong following from first and second generation Australians, often giving a platform to voices that are more marginalised in

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contains a wide range of Australian poetry as well as critical and contextual material relating to them, such as interviews, photographs and audio/visual recordings. As of 2018 it contains over 42,000 poems, from more than 170 Australian poets. Begun in 2004 by leading Australian poet

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magazine in which they engaged in a literary debate about the nature of life in Australia. Lawson said Paterson was a romantic and Paterson said Lawson was full of doom and gloom. Lawson is widely regarded as one of Australia's greatest writers of short stories, while Paterson's poems

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The term "grunge lit" and its use to categorize and market this diverse group of writers and authorial styles has been the subject of debate and criticism. Linda Jaivin disagreed with putting all these authors in one category, Christios Tsiolkas called the term a "media creation", and

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Australian literature has had several scandals surrounding the identity of writers. In the 1930s, a misunderstanding with a printer caused Maude Hepplestone's bush poetry collection "Songs of the Kookaburra" to be mistakenly lauded internationally as a modernist masterpiece. The 1944

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has presented annual awards for books of literary merit since 1946 and has other awards for outstanding contributions to Australian children's literature. Notable winners and shortlisted works have inspired several well-known Australian films from original novels, including the

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had not developed a system of writing, so the first literary accounts of Aboriginal people come from the journals of early European explorers, which contain descriptions of first contact, both violent and friendly. Early accounts by Dutch explorers and by the English buccaneer

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is a post-grunge writer. Carman's first work, a collection of interlinked semi-autobiographical short stories, explores the authentic experiences of working-class Australians in the suburbs, including issues such as drug addiction and a sense of disillusionment.

1761:, who won in 2011. Hartnett has a long and distinguished career, publishing her first novel at 15. She is known for her dark and often controversial themes. She has won several awards, including the Kathleen Mitchell Award and the Victorian Premier's Award for 3424:. It is an example of the contemporary fusion of traditions of drama in Australia with Pitjantjatjara actors being supported by a multicultural cast of Greek, Afghan, Japanese and New Zealand heritage. Eminent contemporary Australian playwrights include 1837:

A generation of leading contemporary international writers who left Australia for Britain and the United States in the 1960s have remained regular and passionate contributors of Australian themed literary works throughout their careers including:

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reported that Text Publishing was releasing an Australian classics series in 2012, to address a "neglect of Australian literature" by universities and "British dominated" publishing houses—citing out of print Miles Franklin award winners such as

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in Australian history and mythology, with such prose as "Anzac stood, and still stands, for reckless valor in a good cause, for enterprise, resourcefulness, fidelity, comradeship and endurance, that will never own defeat". (see works including

3049:, son of a Norwegian sailor born in 1867, was widely recognised as Australia's poet of the people and, in 1922, became the first Australian writer to be honoured with a state funeral. Two poets who are amongst the great Australian poets are 2945:, set out to make a point about the prejudice of Australian publishers against white Australians. Unable to find publication as a white Australian he was an instant success using the false Aboriginal identity of "Wanda Koolmatrie" with 2711:, which is regarded by some as the definitive account of the nation. Clark had a talent for narrative prose and the work (published between 1969 and 1987) remains a popular and influential work. Clark's one time student 1651:(1964), by Colin Thiele, about a boy and his pelican and the relationships he has with his father, the pelican, and an outcast Aboriginal man called Fingerbone; the Sydney-based Victorian era time travel adventure 2033:

also received a Miles Franklin award—but White later refused to permit his novels to be entered for literary prizes. He turned down a knighthood, and various literary awards—but in 1973 accepted the Nobel prize.

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Post-grunge lit is a genre of Australian fiction from the late 1990s, 2000s and 2010s. It is called "post-grunge lit" to denote that this genre appeared after the 1990s Australian literary genre known as

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in England. Both Gordon's and Brennan's (but particularly Brennan's) works conformed to traditional styles of poetry, with many classical allusions, and therefore fell within the domain of high culture.

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living in suburban or inner-city surroundings. It was typically written by "new, young authors" who examined "gritty, dirty, real existences", of lower-income young people, whose lives revolve around a

1958:(1893–1972) was a distinguished memoirist, novelist and poet, whose works included social comedies and the serious reflections of a pacifist faced with a time of war. Among his Langton series of novels— 1897:

theatrical talents and pen to London in the 1960s, becoming an institution on British television and later attaining popularity in the USA. Humphries' outlandish Australian caricatures, including Dame

3108:" remain amongst the most popular Australian bush poems. Romanticised views of the outback and the rugged characters that inhabited it played an important part in shaping the Australian nation's 2547:

Australia has migrant groups from many countries, and members of those communities (not always of the first generation) have produced Australian writing in a variety of languages. These include

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After a long media career, Clive James remained a leading humourist and author based in Britain whose memoir series was rich in reflections on Australian society (including his 2007 book

765: 1164:—included a section in his collection, "Poems", a selection of poems under the heading, "Botany Bay Eclogues," in which he portrayed the plight and stories of transported convicts in 663:

Although historically only a small proportion of Australia's population have lived outside the major cities, many of Australia's most distinctive stories and legends originate in the

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High-profile, highly publicised court cases and murders have seen a significant amount of non-fiction crime literature, perhaps the most recognisable writer in this field being

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and after examining notches cut at considerable distances on tree trunks, speculated that the newly discovered country must be peopled by giants. Later, the British satirist,

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portrayed resolutely Australian characters and went on to international acclaim. A new wave of Australian theatre debuted in the 1970s with the works of writers including

5375: 7468: 4886:"Crime Fiction Novels and the History of Libraries. Presented at Libraries for the People: the 11th Australian Library History Forum, 18 - 19 November 2014. Sydney, NSW" 1777:. Tan won this for his career contribution to "children's and young adult literature in the broadest sense". Tan has been awarded various literary awards, including the 5526:

Gaetano Rando (University of Wollongong), 'Italian-Australian Poetry by First Generation Writers: An Overview'. Examples of Australian writing in Irish can be found in

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Michael Jacklin (University of Wollongong), "Desde Australia para todo el mundo hispano": Australia's Spanish-Language Magazines and Latin American/Australian Writing.

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have starred in books, stage and screen to great acclaim over five decades and his biographer Anne Pender described him in 2010 as the most significant comedian since

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before being discovered, sparking a controversy over the content of her novel, a fictionalised and highly tendentious account of the Nazi occupation of the Ukraine.

2530: 7337: 7322: 1055:(First Australians, 2008). Differing interpretations of Aboriginal history are also the subject of contemporary debate in Australia, notably between the essayists 1270:

was published in Sydney. It was the first Australian novel printed and published in mainland Australia and the first Australian novel written by a woman. It is a

2723: 2790:'s novels reflected the life and times of rural and regional Australians in the 20th century, showing aspects of Australian life unknown to many city dwellers. 2778:'s short stories from the late 19th century/early 20th century convey people living in the bush, a landscape that is alive but also threatening and alienating. 7483: 7453: 7438: 4885: 4088: 3089:

were two of the chief exponents of these popular ballads, and 'Banjo' himself was responsible for creating what is probably the most famous Australian verse, "

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tries to conform to expectations of pre–World War II Australian masculinity but cannot, and instead, post-war, tries out another identity—and gender—overseas.

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has often been employed to denote an intensely loyal relationship of shared experience, mutual respect and unconditional assistance existing between friends (

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In the middle of the twentieth century, children's literature languished, with popular British authors dominating the Australian market. But in the 1960s

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history, Australia was a collection of British colonies; as such, its recognised literary tradition begins with and is linked to the broader tradition of

1770: 1448:, which relates the adventures of seven mischievous children in Sydney, has been in print since 1894, longer than any other Australian children's novel. 359:. However, the narrative art of Australian writers has, since 1788, introduced the character of a new continent into literature—exploring such themes as 2502: 1719: 4540: 2863:'s popular romance novels, published between 1917 and 1937, offered a fresh upbeat interpretation of the Australian bush. The central character in 4108:

Most recent Australian literary journals have originated from universities, and specifically English or Communications departments. They include:

1188:, in which he advocated an elected assembly for New South Wales, trial by jury and settlement of Australia by free emigrants rather than convicts 6425: 5615: 5040: 4950: 327: 4708: 3313:: the participants were prisoners watched by sadistic guards and the leading lady was under threat of the death penalty. The play is based on 6430: 2406:

or a general flightiness. Romantic love is seldom, as instant gratification has become the norm. It has been described as both a sub-set of

2282:(see above), has expanded the topics of Australian literature far beyond that one country. Other novelists to use international themes are 6925: 6695: 5137: 4274: 2058:, 1977, is Australia's highest selling novel and one of the biggest selling novels of all time with around 30 million copies sold by 2009. 7420: 4530: 4309: 3627: 5115: 2877:

has toyed with the idea of a national Australian identity as a series of 'beautiful lies', and this is a recurrent theme in his novels.

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A complicated, multi-faceted relationship to Australia is displayed in much Australian writing, often through writing about landscape.

1976:(1957)—earned high praise in Britain and the United States, though despite their Australian themes, were largely ignored in Australia. 1728:

is a prolific writer of contemporary Australian fiction for young people whose career began with collections of short stories such as

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published in Hobart in 1830. Early popular works tended to be the 'ripping yarn' variety, telling tales of derring-do against the new

6198: 4630: 4601: 288: 5415: 7292: 5393: 5022: 1943:, has spent much of her career in England but continues to study, critique, condemn and adore her homeland (recent work includes 1363:

contain the famous naturalist's first impressions of Australia, gained on his tour aboard the Beagle that inspired his writing of

773:(1920–1993) was a famous Aboriginal poet, writer and rights activist credited with publishing the first Aboriginal book of verse: 5208: 5162: 4294: 4247: 4141: 1804: 1716: 1688: 1626: 5790: 5188: 7259: 6472: 6282: 6090: 6004: 4560: 2919:

take on questions of Australian identity in the 1990s, though an important precursor to such work came some years earlier with

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in Australia and the world. Greer relocated to England for many years, but now divides her time between England and Queensland.

6368: 6208: 5696: 5476: 4734: 4665: 4304: 4074: 2688: 3615:. Each of Garner's works incorporates the style reminiscent of a fictional narrative novel, a stylistic device known as the 7514: 6988: 6484: 6024: 6019: 6014: 3095: 2005:

Cambridge where he became a published poet. White developed as a novelist, but also had major theatrical success—including

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was considered a breakthrough memoir in terms of bringing indigenous stories to wider notice. Leading Aboriginal activists

4967: 920:'s BlackWords project provides a comprehensive listing of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Writers and Storytellers. 6871: 6815: 6710: 6216: 6050: 5964: 4289: 4242: 2445:. Since its invention, the term "grunge lit" has been retrospectively applied to novels written as early as 1977, namely 1796: 1128:

For centuries before the British settlement of Australia, European writers wrote fictional accounts of an imagining of a

1001:(Narrative of the Expedition to Botany Bay et Complete Account of the Settlement at Port Jackson); Roderick J. Flanagan ( 166: 5097: 1765:, Guardian Children's Fiction Prize and the Aurealis Award, Best Young Adult Novel (Australian speculative fiction) for 7073: 6878: 6009: 5989: 5566: 4582: 4228: 2124: 2106: 971:

Many notable works have been written by non-indigenous Australians on Aboriginal themes. Examples include the poems of

320: 5802: 5751: 2514:. Christie's dissertation interprets and explains these three post-grunge lit works "as responses to the embedding of 2361:. The protagonist, university student Justine, is in a destructive relationship with sadist Sade, Ettler's nod to the 7083: 7018: 6420: 6321: 6221: 6141: 6075: 5591: 4490: 4461: 4424: 4387: 4366: 2215: 2133: 1725: 1677: 990: 4892: 4516: 1986:

in 1973 "for an epic and psychological narrative art which has introduced a new continent into literature". White's

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is a 22-volume official history dedicated to Australia's Second World War efforts. the series was published by the

1223: 745: 526: 5081: 5059: 4815: 3303:. Two centuries later, the extraordinary circumstances of the foundations of Australian theatre were recounted in 377:, national identity, migration, Australia's unique location and geography, the complexities of urban living, and " 6958: 6589: 6388: 6378: 6314: 6055: 6029: 5876: 5244: 3101: 2429:

which had been released in 1991 and became popular with sub-30-year-old readers, a previously under-investigated

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imagining encounters between Aboriginal and colonial Australia which was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize.

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Among the first true works of literature produced in Australia were the accounts of the settlement of Sydney by

7509: 7159: 6978: 6675: 6574: 6294: 6272: 6178: 5984: 5944: 5862: 5552: 4918: 4784: 4324: 4033: 3876: 3337: 2682:

The Story of ANZAC: From the Outbreak of War to the End of the First Phase of the Gallipoli Campaign 4 May 1915

2180: 2064: 1778: 1754: 1233: 1047: 977: 546: 189: 5348: 5006: 6825: 6742: 6618: 6467: 6460: 6331: 6277: 6080: 6060: 4545: 4203: 1687:, widely described as Australia's most popular children's author, has written about 170 books, including two 1681:

is a story about the beautiful relationship between an eleven-year-old boy and an older, drug-addicted girl.

1667: 1619: 1247:) embodied these stirring ideals in their tales and, particularly the latter, tried to accurately record the 616: 313: 277: 95: 33: 5524: 3535: 3472: 2675:

was the official war historian of the First World War and was influential in establishing the importance of

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played an important part in early Australian literature. The first poet to be published in Australia was

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struggled to find a place for herself as a female writer in Australia, fictionalising this experience in

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appointed their first specialist children's editor. The best-known writers to emerge in this period were

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Charles Edwin Woodrow Bean - Despatches from Gallipoli - National Library of Australia Online Exhibition

3448:) that aims to combine playwright biographies and script information. Scripts are also available there. 759:(c.1835-1907), contributed to accounts of Aboriginal mythology written by the missionary George Taplin, 7367: 7078: 7053: 7043: 6645: 6549: 6403: 6358: 6262: 4215: 4028: 3706: 3701: 3685: 3680: 3492: 2353:

twenty-year-old Sydneysiders with masochistic and narcissistic tendencies: their days run the gamut of

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Australia, unlike Europe, does not have a long history in the genre of science fiction. Nevil Shute's

2929:(1977), about a single mother living on and off with a male heroin addict in Melbourne share housing. 7463: 7179: 7063: 7028: 6953: 6765: 6722: 6670: 6569: 6415: 6383: 6299: 6289: 6257: 5937: 5910: 5468: 5323: 3901: 2949:. In the 1980s Streten Bozik also managed to become published by assuming the Aboriginal identity of 2045: 1983: 1929:

is a leading international human rights lawyer, academic, author and broadcaster whose books include

1653: 1458:, about an unconventional schoolgirl in Melbourne, has enjoyed a similar success and been praised by 1349:

A number of notable classic works by international writers deal with Australian subjects, among them

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Vernay, Jean-François. "Grunge Fiction". The Literary Encyclopedia. First published 6 November 2008

5034: 1697:(1999), is a "what if?" story that explores mind-provoking issues about what would have happened if 1418:

is the first and only book by an Australian author to have been continuously in print for 100 years.

1124:/Ethel Florence Lindesay Richardson in 1945. A number of notable women authors used male pseudonyms. 7309: 7189: 7023: 6680: 6665: 6512: 6348: 6309: 6136: 4929: 4712: 4555: 3794: 3504: 3268: 2715:

stands as another to have deeply influenced Australian historiography. His important works include

2524:(born 1978) has been called a post-grunge writer, in part due to influences from grunge lit author 2116: 1972: 1495: 1444: 1410: 1364: 606: 90: 5433: 3231:

poetry and art collaborations in Sydney and Newcastle buses and ferries, including Artransit from

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denied grunge lit even was a new genre; he said the works actually are a type of the pre-existing

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Dagg, Samantha. "Still digging: from grunge to post-grunge in Australian fiction". Thesis, 2017.

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Leishman, Kirsty, 'Australian Grunge Literature and the Conflict between Literary Generations',

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in Australia. To mark the 60th anniversary of the Ern Malley affair, another Australian writer,

1868:, a satirical magazine originating in Sydney, and later produced in London (from 1967 to 1973). 7347: 7143: 7068: 6968: 6963: 6948: 6737: 6715: 6690: 6655: 6635: 6599: 6437: 6408: 6398: 6373: 6336: 6267: 6104: 5999: 5669: 4160: 4001: 3310: 3295: 3105: 3058: 2874: 2786:(1961) portrayed the outback as a nightmare with a blazing sun, from which there is no escape. 2728: 2664: 2613: 2378: 2147: 2137: 1843: 1382: 1010: 929: 822: 710: 453: 425: 360: 283: 272: 236: 79: 7244: 4605: 4408:

Cosmological readings of contemporary Australian literature : unsettling the anthropocene

6732: 6630: 6584: 6447: 6353: 6240: 6126: 5829:"TOR UK ACQUIRES NEW FANTASY TRILOGY -- BY AUSTRALIAN BEN PEEK April 22, 2013 By Julie Crisp" 5541: 5533: 5287: 5236: 5123: 4174: 3980: 3752: 3742: 3417: 3335:, told of the adventures of a pioneer farming family and became immensely popular. In 1955, 3324: 3305: 3236: 2860: 2742: 2492: 2395: 2358: 2029: 1966: 1450: 1371:

contains the acclaimed American humourist's musings on Australia from his 1895 lecture tour.

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won the Booker Prize in 2003. Other notable writers to have emerged since the 1970s include

483:. Dennis wrote in the Australian vernacular, while Mackellar wrote the iconic patriotic poem 7382: 7239: 7169: 6983: 6864: 6835: 6757: 6594: 6564: 6500: 6455: 6168: 6163: 6131: 6116: 5972: 5718: 4565: 4269: 4048: 3938: 3928: 3830: 3820: 3815: 3722: 3499: 3284: 3264: 3203: 3040: 2989: 2642: 2223: 2129: 2024: 1992: 1740:(1987); many of the stories were adapted as episodes of the award-winning television show 1693: 1577: 1485: 1390: 1243: 1133: 850: 556: 352: 161: 74: 43: 5780:

The Recruiting Officer & Our Country's Good – Stantonbury Campus Theatre Company, 2000

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in 1788 - later published two books on the subject of the foundations of New South Wales:

763:(1872–1967) provided the first accounts of Aboriginal mythology written by an Aboriginal: 8: 7458: 7415: 7301: 7164: 7130: 7115: 7048: 7005: 6973: 6785: 6727: 6559: 6522: 6252: 4315:

Australian authors are also eligible for a number of other literary awards, such as the:

4279: 4153: 4134: 4120: 3918: 3908: 3886: 3850: 3840: 3825: 3810: 3789: 3784: 3607: 3602: 3401: 3375: 3109: 3054: 3050: 2925: 2855: 2841: 2807:, a son of the Goldfields wrote extensively of an egalitarian mateship, in such works as 2607:

reviews and features, and even local publishers. Some writers, like the Greek Australian

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The world's richest prize in children's literature has been received by two Australians,

1736: 1301: 1282: 879: 668: 621: 536: 219: 194: 138: 5401: 2621:, was published in English for the first time in 2019, in a bilingual parallel edition. 1296:) wrote of lives of European pioneers in the Australian bush from a female perspective. 7234: 7098: 7038: 6934: 6887: 6845: 6820: 6805: 6795: 6790: 6780: 6747: 6650: 6554: 6158: 6153: 5609: 4263: 4038: 3955: 3933: 3913: 3881: 3871: 3845: 3775: 3757: 3612: 3358: 3217: 3195: 3191: 2869: 2608: 2580: 2399: 2291: 2243: 2070: 2049: 1997: 1851: 1795:

also won him an Oscar for best animated short film. Other awards Tan has won include a

1593: 1561:. Gibbs' influence has lasted through the generations – contemporary children's author 1213: 1060: 884: 869: 770: 686: 678: 566: 480: 437: 356: 241: 214: 204: 184: 156: 151: 5205: 5166: 7405: 7372: 7362: 7327: 7214: 7058: 6775: 6517: 5858: 5692: 5597: 5587: 5472: 4780: 4680:"Oodgeroo Noonuccal." Encyclopedia of World Biography Supplement, Vol. 27. Gale, 2007 4661: 4496: 4486: 4467: 4457: 4430: 4420: 4393: 4383: 4362: 4064: 3970: 3960: 3923: 3896: 3866: 3737: 3632: 3616: 3247: 3183: 3151: 3117: 3066: 3032: 2974: 2886: 2849:

What it means to be Australian is another issue that Australian literature explores.

2832: 2751: 2663:. Written with a spirit of humanity his accounts are considered by writers including 2572: 2525: 2457: 2345: 2311: 2190: 2174: 2158: 1939: 1926: 1894: 1821: 1815: 1703: 1647: 1562: 1505: 1427: 1334: 1180: 794: 586: 510: 262: 199: 84: 7392: 7249: 7110: 7102: 7088: 6892: 6326: 4570: 4449: 4412: 4354: 4237: 4043: 3965: 3891: 3835: 3425: 3366: 3346: 3207: 3090: 3062: 2712: 2647:

History has been an important discipline in the development of Australian writing.

2592: 2588: 2576: 2560: 2548: 2306: 2296: 2231: 2219: 1877:). Robert Hughes has produced a number of historical works on Australia (including 1662: 1608:, their works primarily set in the Australian landscape. In 1971, Southall won the 1530: 1405: 1355: 1346:

was an Australian war correspondent and novelist who gained international acclaim.

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intellectual sub-culture in Sydney from the late 1940s to the early 1970s; and to

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wrote of the sectarian divisions of life in impoverished 1940s inner city Sydney (

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to publish a book of verse. A ground-breaking memoir about the experiences of the

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Children's Book of the Year Award winners. One of them, the critically acclaimed

1639: 1581: 1534: 1267: 1208: 1165: 1153: 1105: 997:: "The Only Speaker of his Tongue". Histories covering Indigenous themes include 982: 934: 838: 785: 695: 649: 561: 498: 490: 457: 433: 417: 382: 3558:

genre is currently thriving in Australia, most notably through books written by

2336: 1549:. May Gibbs crafted a story of protagonists modelled on the appearance of young 298: 7224: 6770: 3732: 3575: 3571: 3381: 3369:. Williamson is Australia's best known playwright, with major works including: 3139: 3086: 3036: 3022: 2954: 2904: 2896: 2891: 2878: 2850: 2836: 2746: 2738: 2618: 2600: 2552: 2521: 2507: 2487: 2466: 2455:. Grunge lit is often raw, explicit, and vulgar, even to the point of Ettler's 2442: 2438: 2422: 2370: 2340: 2319: 2301: 2258: 2235: 2195: 2081: 2048:

in 2003, now lives in Adelaide, South Australia, and is an Australian citizen.

1902: 1855: 1826: 1791: 1750: 1635: 1605: 1500: 1463: 1432: 1360: 1350: 1343: 1277: 1271: 1157: 1141: 1052: 1026: 1014: 790: 722: 653: 581: 531: 472: 449: 370: 128: 18:"Auslit" redirects here. For the online database of Australian literature, see 5601: 4471: 4434: 4397: 4101:

The first periodical that could be called a literary journal in Australia was

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in 1788, with the first production being performed in 1789 by convicts :

2262:

discusses an important feature of Australian literature: its portrayal of far

7503: 7219: 4500: 3727: 3563: 3555: 3319: 3171: 2916: 2864: 2704: 2515: 2497: 2470: 2407: 2253: 2239: 2164: 2091: 2041: 1979: 1906: 1864: 1730: 1684: 1631: 1585: 1238: 1218: 1090: 972: 912:

of 1963 which is the first traditional Aboriginal document recognised by the

874: 830: 760: 756: 737: 714: 674: 551: 521: 506: 413: 397: 5563: 2534:. Samantha Dagg's 2017 thesis on grunge lit and post-grunge lit states that 908:

are also retained as treasures of Australian literature, as is the historic

57: 5806: 5755: 4319: 4299: 4252: 3622: 3586: 3579: 3567: 3437: 3429: 3409: 3393: 3362: 3354: 3350: 3260: 3199: 3175: 3163: 3082: 3046: 2920: 2804: 2787: 2779: 2672: 2648: 2634: 2629: 2568: 2446: 2434: 2411: 2382: 2283: 2275: 2203: 2199: 2169: 2019: 1898: 1698: 1614: 1601: 1589: 1525: 1480: 1470: 1439: 1415: 1339: 1297: 1287: 1256: 1196: 1172: 1101: 1075: 1056: 998: 994: 964: 950: 894: 889: 798: 775: 728: 718: 702: 657: 645: 637: 633: 596: 494: 476: 468: 421: 4602:"Australian language, letters and literature - Australia's Culture Portal" 4453: 4416: 4358: 3073:

However, at the same time Australia had a competing, vibrant tradition of

2980: 2957:

used the pen-name "Helen Demidenko" and won major literary prizes for her

6840: 6700: 5686: 4840:

Quintus Servinton : a tale founded upon incidents of real occurrence

3332: 3290: 3232: 3136: 3003: 2942: 2652: 2535: 2430: 2271: 2101: 1987: 1955: 1859: 1839: 1785:

and a New York Times Best Illustrated Children's Books award in 2007 for

1712: 1672: 1597: 1475: 1459: 1329: 1325: 1176: 1079: 1022: 946: 858: 846: 842: 641: 461: 445: 441: 5512: 3523: 3460: 5078: 5056: 4838: 3342: 3222: 3187: 3167: 3159: 3147: 3093:". At one point, Lawson and Paterson contributed a series of verses to 2934: 2912: 2697: 2483: 2331: 2247: 2185: 2152: 2044:, who was born in South Africa and was resident there when awarded the 1800: 1708: 1550: 1546: 1469:

Other perennial favourites of Australian children's literature include

1248: 1179:

to arrive in 1788. In 1819, poet, explorer, journalist and politician

1145: 942: 815: 807:, 2009) are active contemporary contributors to Australian literature. 625: 514: 502: 485: 378: 344: 7270: 4762:

Subverting the Empire: Explorers and Exploration in Australian Fiction

4517:"Arab-Australian Fiction: National Stories, Transnational Connections" 2737:(1987) is a popular and influential work on early Australian history. 2369:

Grunge lit (an abbreviation for "grunge literature") is an Australian

960: 467:

Among the important authors of classic Australian works are the poets

408:

Australian writers who have obtained international renown include the

6903: 5960: 5929: 5901: 4863:"Quintus Servinton: A Tale founded upon Incidents of Real Occurrence" 3397: 3213: 3074: 2962: 2950: 2937:

affair led to an obscenity trial and is often blamed for the lack of

2701: 2542: 2001: 1789:. Alongside his numerous literary awards, Tan's adaption of his book 1758: 1658: 1510: 1490: 1311: 901: 854: 826: 601: 571: 393: 374: 348: 5855:

Nineteenth century Australian periodicals: an annotated bibliography

3595:, about a sexual harassment scandal at the University of Melbourne, 3444:. The Australian government supports a website (australianplays.org 2322:

as "something of an anatomy of the rising Australian middle class".

1701:

had had a daughter. French is also the author of the highly praised

1422: 1259:

which helped form the country and also the early rural settlements.

5586:. Translated by Ely Finch; Mei-Fen Kuo. University Of Sydney, NSW. 3508: 3421: 2795: 2387: 1830: 1252: 1200: 1193:

Quintus Servinton: A Tale founded upon Incidents of Real Occurrence

1137: 1086: 365: 5779: 5003: 3131: 2080:. Other notable Australian novels converted to celluloid include: 5528: 4181: 4113: 3445: 3146:

Other poets who reflected a sense of Australian identity include

2596: 2403: 2374: 1891: 1558: 1520: 1376: 1204: 1161: 917: 664: 591: 19: 5688:

William Charles Wentworth : Australia's greatest native son

2999: 1541:

is a koala who leaves his tree in search of adventure, while in

1191:

The first novel to be published in Australia was a crime novel,

733: 4482:

Banana Bending: Asian-Australian and Asian-Canadian Literatures

4210:

A number of newspapers also carry literary review supplements:

3162:". Prominent Australian poets of the 20th century include Dame 3121: 3113: 3078: 3010: 2556: 2415: 2350: 1642: 1117: 1071: 1018: 863: 448:. Notable contemporary expatriate authors include the feminist 4631:"Henry Lawson: Australian writer - Australia's Culture Portal" 3511:

was sold at auction to a UK publisher for a six-figure deal .

2973:"Australian poetry" redirects here. For the organisation, see 2749:

chronicles Australian history from an Indigenous perspective:

5919: 5306:"Patrick White's rare first novel revived for a new audience" 4625: 4623: 3125: 2676: 2132:

won the Miles Franklin Award in 1963, and was the subject of

5376:"The Thorn Birds' author on why she'll never write a sequel" 3243: 3061:

of Australia" and is the only Australian with a monument in

3027:. The first book of verse by a native-born Australian poet, 2671:

to be essential reading for the early history of Australia/

2421:

The genre was first coined in 1995 following the success of

1829:. The book was a bestseller and helped usher in second-wave 1097: 849:. Indigenous authors who have won Australia's high prestige 517:, whose poems are often studied in Australian high schools. 5067: 3327:

in 1901, plays evidenced a new sense of national identity.

2763: 2354: 2315: 1913:. His own literary works include the Dame Edna biographies 1545:

a little girl lost in the bush is befriended by a group of

941:" as being "barbarous savages", but by the time of Captain 924:

Writing about Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples

825:. Writers coming to prominence in the 21st century include 5905: 5542:

https://www.cic.ie/en/books/published-books/teachtaireacht

5534:

http://angaelmagazine.com/inneacs/udar.asp?iAINM=colinryan

5116:"Beautiful award ceremony when Hartnett recieved [ 4620: 4445:

Citizenship in Dalit and Indigenous Australian Literatures

2266:, from the admittedly even further east, but nevertheless 2074:, 1982. This latter work was the inspiration for the film 1982:(1912–1990) became the first Australian to be awarded the 5914: 5564:

PhD Spanish Writing in Australia: Scholarship Description

3631:

in 2008 as a response to the death of an Aboriginal man,

3018: 1715:, among others. It was also named an honour book for the 1618:. In 1986, Patricia Wrightson received the international 1369:

The Wayward Tourist: Mark Twain's Adventures in Australia

1321: 3446:

The Home of Australian Playscripts | AustralianPlays.org

2381:

writing concerned with dissatisfied and disenfranchised

2140:

won the Miles Franklin Award three times, including for

729:

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander writers and themes

4379:

The 'imagined sound' of Australian literature and music

1996:(1939) was inspired by the landscape and his work as a 1950: 769:. For this he is known as the first Aboriginal author. 751:

Writing by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people

5581: 3035:

in 1823, espousing his ideals of Australian identity.

2433:. Other authors considered to be "grunge lit" include 967:

is an Aboriginal lawyer, rights activist and essayist.

671:

and squatters and people of the barren, dusty plains.

624:

classic. Eminent Australian playwrights have included

5920:"AustLit: The Australian Literature Resource" (2000-) 5523:

For an overview of Australian poetry in Italian, see

2724:

Triumph of the Nomads: A History of Ancient Australia

2651:(1758–1833) - a British officer who arrived with the 1576:

published several Australian children's authors, and

5324:"The Nobel Prize in Literature 2003 – J. M. Coetzee" 5259:"The Nobel Prize in Literature 1973 – Patrick White" 3589:. Garner's published accounts of three court cases: 3420:

of nuclear testing in the Western Desert during the

3158:"), while McKellar wrote the iconic patriotic poem " 2414:

literature. The term "grunge" is from the 1990s-era

2150:

has also won the Miles Franklin Award three times (

1937:(1999). Leading feminist Germaine Greer, author of 1638:which recount the life and adventures of Thowra, a 1557:, Snugglepot and Cuddlepie, against the antagonist 1183:published the first book written by an Australian: 900:Letters written by notable Aboriginal leaders like 5582:Wong Shee Ping; Williams, Michael (26 June 2019). 4968:100 Objects, Mitchell Library Centenary Exhibition 4891:. State Library of New South Wales. Archived from 4660:. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. p. 50. 4658:The Hidden Culture: Folklore in Australian Society 3400:commemoration by Australians of the defeat of the 3006:, poet and humourist of the Australian vernacular. 2661:Complete Account of the Settlement at Port Jackson 2543:Australian writing in languages other than English 2349:(1995) details the lives of a group of attractive 2310:(2008) was an internationally successful novel by 1945:Whitefella Jump Up: The Shortest Way to Nationhood 1300:wrote of the experiences of the Goldfields and of 814:are being increasingly recognised and include the 5281: 5279: 4541:Australian outback literature of the 20th century 2734:The Fatal Shore: The epic of Australia's founding 7501: 5775: 5773: 5285: 3128:became part of the self-image of those nations. 1771:Children's Book of the Year Award: Older Readers 4404: 4255:Science Fiction (includes Fantasy & Horror) 3289:European traditions came to Australia with the 3017:(1744–1826), convict and public servant, whose 725:are authors of important Australian histories. 5394:"Miles Franklin Literary Award – Past winners" 5276: 4233:Current literary awards in Australia include: 3451: 3154:. Dennis wrote in the Australian vernacular (" 2476: 1665:'s 1993 novel about a Sydney high school girl 1661:; and, for older children and mature readers, 1152:to the west of Tasmania. In 1797 the British 520:Novelists of classic Australian works include 509:. Among the best known contemporary poets are 400:became the first Australian to be awarded the 7286: 6919: 5945: 5911:Bibliography of Australian Literature to 1954 5857:, Sydney, Hale & Iremonger, p.2 & 35. 5770: 5234: 4836: 4350:The Cambridge history of the Australian novel 4082: 2518:in Australian and global political culture". 489:. Lawson and Paterson clashed in the famous " 351:and its preceding colonies. During its early 347:produced in the area or by the people of the 321: 5684: 5670:Clarke, Donovan, "Michael Massey Robinson," 5584:The poison of polygamy : a social novel 5502:, 6 November 2008, accessed 9 September 2009 5373: 1858:. Several of these writers had links to the 5754:. Australian Poetry Library. Archived from 5445: 5443: 5441: 5294:. Vol. 18. Melbourne University Press. 5288:"White, Patrick Victor (Paddy) (1912–1990)" 4649: 4531:AustLit: The Australian Literature Resource 4347:Carter, David (2023). Carter, David (ed.). 3628:The Tall Man: Death and Life on Palm Island 3416:, recounts the story of the effects on the 2696:between 1952 and 1977. The main editor was 610:) are among the Australian classics, while 7293: 7279: 6926: 6912: 5952: 5938: 5803:"Play search | Australian Plays Transform" 5614:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 5349:"JM Coetzee becomes an Australian citizen" 5157: 5155: 4089: 4075: 2745:academics and her 2008 collaboration with 2318:in 2011, and was described in a review by 1707:(2003), which won awards such as the 2003 1066: 640:. Among prominent short story writers are 328: 314: 5711: 5490: 5488: 4711:. Ministère de la culture. Archived from 4441: 4275:New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards 3043:were the first poets of any consequence. 2752:First Australians. An Illustrated History 2657:Narrative of the Expedition to Botany Bay 1251:language of the common Australian. These 740:(1872–1967), the first Aboriginal author. 677:is known as the first Aboriginal author. 5712:Wentworth, William Charles (July 1823). 5438: 4916: 4910: 4310:Western Australian Premier's Book Awards 3242: 3212: 3130: 2998: 2979: 2831: 2762: 2628: 2335: 2325: 1814: 1421: 1404: 1400: 1116: 1096: 1085: 1070: 959: 928:At the point of the first colonization, 732: 392: 7300: 5647:. Australian Government. Archived from 5152: 4777:The Journal of HMS Endeavour, 1768-1771 4375: 3031:, was published by explorer and author 2758: 2023:, which became the first winner of the 7502: 6933: 5959: 5485: 5462: 4877: 4812:"Dunalley, Tasmania - About Australia" 4800:Home Page | W. W. Norton & Company 4759: 4689: 4561:List of years in Australian literature 4346: 3396:studied the paradoxical nature of the 3057:; Gordon was once referred to as the " 1007:The Native Tribes of Central Australia 893:, which was also short-listed for the 580:). In terms of children's literature, 7274: 6907: 5933: 5925:List of Australian Writers in English 5513:http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1342404 2819:They tramp in mateship side by side - 2741:is one of the principal contemporary 2038:wrote of biography of White in 1991. 1810: 1255:also gave valuable insights into the 5678: 5465:A Brief Take on the Australian Novel 5237:"Boyd, Martin à Beckett (1893–1972)" 4774: 4655: 4478: 4295:Queensland Premier's Literary Awards 4248:Children's Book Council of Australia 3642: 3603:young man murdered by his girlfriend 3518: 3455: 2528:. Ashton is the author of the novel 2314:which was adapted for television by 1951:Other contemporary works and authors 1627:Children's Book Council of Australia 1533:to bring alive the creatures of the 887:won the award in 2019 for her novel 877:won the award in 2007 for her novel 5740:Bankstown Poetry Slam: In the Media 4485:. McGill-Queen's University Press. 4243:The Australian/Vogel Literary Award 2793:In Australian literature, the term 2300:(2005) is an historical fiction by 2274:did. Clavell was also a successful 1797:World Fantasy Award for Best Artist 1078:, an officer of the marines on the 13: 5705: 5672:Australian Dictionary of Biography 5540:by Colin Ryan, Cló Iar-Chonnacht: 5292:Australian Dictionary of Biography 5241:Australian Dictionary of Biography 4883: 4860: 4583:Category:Jewish Australian writers 4335: 4305:Victorian Premier's Literary Award 4229:List of Australian literary awards 3263:, it is a joint initiative of the 2700:. A significant milestone was the 2461:(1995) being called pornographic. 1175:, a captain of the marines on the 56: 14: 7526: 5870: 5189:"Underdog Aussie's Oscar triumph" 4514: 4405:Bartha-Mitchell, Kathrin (2023). 2984:Australia's first published poet 2689:Australia in the War of 1939–1945 1720:Children's Book of the Year Award 1678:Came Back to Show You I Could Fly 1553:(gum tree) nuts and pitted these 1013:and Gillen, 1899; the diaries of 766:Legendary Tales of the Aborigines 4979:State Library of New South Wales 4951:"Call to revive Aussie classics" 4578:Indigenous Australian literature 4290:Prime Minister's Literary Awards 4259:Kenneth Slessor Prize for Poetry 4058: 3522: 3459: 3156:The Songs of a Sentimental Bloke 2994:State Library of New South Wales 2637:, official World War I historian 1338:and in the autobiography of Sir 1320:). The experience of Australian 1224:For the Term of His Natural Life 897:for Australian women's writing. 746:Indigenous Australian literature 527:For the Term of His Natural Life 297: 5847: 5821: 5795: 5784: 5744: 5733: 5663: 5641:"Mateship, diggers and wartime" 5633: 5622: 5575: 5557: 5546: 5517: 5505: 5456: 5426: 5408: 5386: 5367: 5341: 5316: 5298: 5251: 5228: 5217: 5199: 5181: 5130: 5108: 5090: 5072: 5050: 5028: 5016: 4997: 4983: 4961: 4943: 4854: 4830: 4804: 4793: 3611:, about Victorian child-killer 3240:mainstream Australian society. 2278:and along with such writers as 1569:as one of her favourite books. 7323:Federated States of Micronesia 5906:Project Gutenberg of Australia 5463:Vernav, Jean-François (2016). 5374:Price, Karen (29 March 2013). 5120:] prize - PublicTemplates" 4768: 4753: 4727: 4698: 4683: 4674: 4594: 4353:. Cambridge University Press. 3338:Summer of the Seventeenth Doll 2828:And touch their hat to no man. 2825:They call no biped lord or sir 2181:True History of the Kelly Gang 2065:The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith 1779:Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis 1755:Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award 1234:The Fortunes of Richard Mahony 1048:The Other Side of the Frontier 978:The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith 547:The Fortunes of Richard Mahony 1: 5451:Journal of Australian Studies 5398:Miles Franklin Literary Award 4764:. Altona, VIC: Common Ground. 4588: 4546:Australian performance poetry 1921:(2010) and the autobiography 1620:Hans Christian Andersen Award 1529:. These classic works employ 5791:No Cookies | Daily Telegraph 4779:. Surrey, England: Genesis. 4692:Conquest of the Ngarrindjeri 4551:List of Australian novelists 2624: 2168:1981). He has twice won the 7: 7515:English-language literature 4524: 4508: 4325:Commonwealth Writers' Prize 3665:List of years in literature 3452:Science fiction and fantasy 3273:Australian Research Council 2477:1998–2010s: Post-grunge lit 2402:, which are used to escape 1925:(2002). Geoffrey Robertson 1003:The Aborigines of Australia 857:who was joint winner (with 388: 10: 7531: 7260:Women's writing in English 5453:, 23.63 (1999), pp. 94–102 5434:accessed 18 December 2017. 5245:Melbourne University Press 5163:"ALMA award winners, 2011" 4709:"Modern Australian poetry" 4266:for a first book of poetry 4226: 4216:Australian Literary Review 4029:History of science fiction 3493:Australian science fiction 3490: 3282: 3271:(CAL) with funding by the 2972: 2959:Hand that Signed the Paper 2640: 2329: 2125:Careful, He Might Hear You 2107:The Shoes of the Fisherman 2008:The Season at Sarsaparilla 1395:Careful, He Might Hear You 743: 17: 7414: 7391: 7308: 7202: 7152: 7129: 7097: 7004: 6997: 6941: 6858: 6756: 6626: 6617: 6508: 6499: 6446: 6322:Intelligence and security 6248: 6239: 6207: 6112: 6103: 6038: 5980: 5971: 5891:Resources in your library 5500:The Literary Encyclopedia 5469:Adelaide, South Australia 5420:The Sydney Morning Herald 5310:The Sydney Morning Herald 5286:Webby, Elizabeth (2012). 5193:The Sydney Morning Herald 5104:. Melbourne. 28 May 2005. 5043:27 September 2011 at the 5035:Carnegie Living Archive: 5023:Eleanor Spence's obituary 4843:, Henry Melville, printer 4479:Khoo, Tseen-Ling (2003). 4330:Women's Prize for Fiction 4222: 3503:, published in 1957, and 3256:Australian Poetry Library 3033:William Charles Wentworth 2968: 2046:Nobel Prize in Literature 1984:Nobel Prize in Literature 1890:Barry Humphries took his 1783:Tales from Outer Suburbia 1537:, thus Bunyip Bluegum of 993:, and the short story by 937:wrote of the "natives of 402:Nobel Prize in Literature 379:the beauty and the terror 349:Commonwealth of Australia 7474:Northern Mariana Islands 5494:Vernay, Jean-François, ' 5084:20 November 2011 at the 4930:University of Wollongong 4917:Turcotte, Gerry (1998). 4556:List of Australian poets 4442:Mukherjee, Riya (2024). 4376:Cummins, Joseph (2019). 4340: 4148:Other journals include: 3598:Joe Cinque's Consolation 3514: 3278: 3269:Copyright Agency Limited 3102:The Man From Snowy River 2822:The Protestant and Roman 1805:Best Professional Artist 1634:series, a collection by 1567:Snugglepot and Cuddlepie 1496:Snugglepot and Cuddlepie 1445:Seven Little Australians 1411:Seven Little Australians 1365:On the Origin of Species 607:Snugglepot and Cuddlepie 345:written or literary work 32:This article is part of 7439:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 7255:Postcolonial literature 7210:Anglo-Norman literature 5853:Lurline Stuart (1979), 5674:, accessed 13 June 2019 5416:"When the smoke clears" 5211:1 December 2010 at the 5013:. Retrieved 3 July 2012 5009:7 February 2012 at the 4735:"Documenting Democracy" 4690:Jenkin, Graham (1979). 4285:Peter Blazey Fellowship 4103:The Australian Magazine 3715:20th–21st century 3673:Early modern by century 3637:Palm Island, Queensland 3635:, in police custody in 3390:The One Day of the Year 3220:(1885–1968), writer of 3015:Michael Massey Robinson 2986:Michael Massey Robinson 2731:' much-debated history 2718:The Tyranny of Distance 2694:Australian War Memorial 2208:Janette Turner Hospital 1935:Crimes Against Humanity 1923:My Life As Me: A Memoir 1574:Oxford University Press 1516:The Muddleheaded Wombat 1456:Henry Handel Richardson 1229:Henry Handel Richardson 1122:Henry Handel Richardson 1067:Early and classic works 910:Yirrkala bark petitions 542:Henry Handel Richardson 7019:American Sign Language 6716:Indigenous Australians 6217:States and territories 5902:Library of Australiana 5645:Culture and Recreation 5235:Niall, Brenda (1933). 5057:HCAA Winners 1956-2016 5047:Retrieved 2 April 2015 5025:Retrieved 2 April 2015 4926:Faculty of Arts—Papers 4837:Savery, Henry (1830), 4519:. NC State University. 4161:Australian Book Review 3311:Timberlake Wertenbaker 3296:The Recruiting Officer 3251: 3227: 3143: 3106:Clancy of the Overflow 3007: 2996: 2846: 2771: 2638: 2614:The Poison of Polygamy 2366: 2357:, sexual hedonism and 2134:a 1983 Australian film 2027:. A subsequent novel, 1834: 1436: 1419: 1144:, set the land of the 1125: 1114: 1094: 1083: 1017:on the subject of the 968: 930:Indigenous Australians 867:and again in 2011 for 812:Indigenous Australians 741: 405: 61: 7510:Australian literature 6010:Territorial evolution 5882:Australian literature 5691:. Allen & Unwin. 5685:Tink, Andrew (2009). 5569:13 April 2013 at the 5098:"How Paul did a dare" 5062:22 March 2012 at the 4991:The Getting of Wisdom 4760:Genoni, Paul (2004). 4656:Seal, Graham (1989). 4454:10.4324/9781003300892 4417:10.4324/9781003312154 4359:10.1017/9781009090049 4065:Literature portal 4034:Literature by country 3694:Mid-modern by century 3418:Pitjantjatjara people 3325:Australian Federation 3246: 3237:Bankstown Poetry Slam 3216: 3134: 3002: 2983: 2861:Marie Bjelke Petersen 2835: 2815:, in which he wrote: 2766: 2743:Indigenous Australian 2632: 2416:music genre of grunge 2396:recreational drug use 2379:semi-autobiographical 2339: 2326:1991–1996: Grunge lit 2092:Pamela Lyndon Travers 2030:Riders in the Chariot 1967:A Difficult Young Man 1818: 1668:Looking for Alibrandi 1578:Angus & Robertson 1451:The Getting of Wisdom 1425: 1408: 1401:Children's literature 1317:The Harp in the South 1293:We of the Never Never 1120: 1100: 1089: 1074: 1039:Triumph of the Nomads 963: 955:Jean-Jacques Rousseau 914:Australian Parliament 736: 683:Aboriginal Australian 617:Looking for Alibrandi 577:The Harp in the South 430:Bradley Trevor Greive 416:, as well as authors 396: 341:Australian literature 103:Monarchy of Australia 60: 7240:Great American Novel 6959:Early English Jewish 6456:Cabinet of Australia 6431:Government ministers 6199:World Heritage Sites 6005:European exploration 5719:Macquarie University 5206:World Fantasy Awards 4973:22 June 2014 at the 4775:Cook, James (1977). 4566:Tasmanian literature 4270:Miles Franklin Award 4049:Intellectual history 3285:Theatre in Australia 3265:University of Sydney 2990:Edward Charles Close 2988:in a watercolour by 2911:(2010) introduced a 2809:A Sketch of Mateship 2759:Writing and identity 2709:History of Australia 2643:History of Australia 2130:Sumner Locke Elliott 2025:Miles Franklin Award 1879:The Art of Australia 1543:Dot and the Kangaroo 1486:Dot and the Kangaroo 1391:Sumner Locke Elliott 1264:The Guardian: a tale 1134:Abel Janszoon Tasman 1108:, the co-founder of 851:Miles Franklin Award 289:World Heritage Sites 7302:Oceanian literature 7245:Jèrriais literature 7235:European literature 6528:Gross state product 5758:on 18 February 2017 5467:. Wakefield Press ( 5079:CBCA awards history 4919:"Australian Gothic" 4865:. Project Gutenberg 4608:on 20 November 2010 4280:Patrick White Award 3877:Bangladeshi English 3608:This House of Grief 3406:Ngapartji Ngapartji 3402:Battle of Gallipoli 3361:presented works by 3055:Adam Lindsay Gordon 3051:Christopher Brennan 2856:My Brilliant Career 2842:My Brilliant Career 2410:and an offshoot of 2373:usually applied to 1961:The Cardboard Crown 1753:, who won the 2008 1722:for picture books. 1283:My Brilliant Career 1130:Great Southern Land 804:Up from the Mission 537:My Brilliant Career 116:Arts and literature 6935:English literature 6846:Australian studies 6781:Australian English 6590:Telecommunications 6426:Government leaders 6369:Political ideology 5835:on 10 January 2017 5422:. 1 November 2008. 5404:on 8 January 2015. 5224:Hugo award winners 5169:on 15 January 2013 5126:on 23 August 2010. 4993:at Text Publishing 4898:on 13 January 2015 4818:on 10 January 2011 4694:. Adelaide: Rigby. 4264:Mary Gilmore Prize 4204:Kill Your Darlings 4039:History of theater 3613:Robert Farquharson 3534:. You can help by 3471:. You can help by 3359:Belvoir St Theatre 3306:Our Country's Good 3252: 3228: 3218:Dorothea Mackellar 3190:and more recently 3144: 3024:The Sydney Gazette 3008: 2997: 2870:The Twyborn Affair 2847: 2772: 2639: 2609:Dimitris Tsaloumas 2390:pursuit of casual 2367: 2050:Colleen McCullough 1852:Geoffrey Robertson 1835: 1811:Expatriate authors 1654:Playing Beatie Bow 1594:Patricia Wrightson 1437: 1420: 1359:. The journals of 1214:Robbery Under Arms 1207:. Writers such as 1203:of the Australian 1150:Gulliver's Travels 1126: 1115: 1095: 1084: 1061:Keith Windschuttle 969: 885:Melissa Lucashenko 870:That Deadman Dance 771:Oodgeroo Noonuccal 755:While his father, 742: 687:Stolen Generations 679:Oodgeroo Noonuccal 567:Robbery Under Arms 481:Dorothea Mackellar 438:Colleen McCullough 406: 357:English literature 62: 7497: 7496: 7489:Wallis and Futuna 7421:other territories 7393:Associated states 7268: 7267: 7215:Celtic literature 7198: 7197: 6989:Twentieth century 6901: 6900: 6854: 6853: 6676:Human trafficking 6613: 6612: 6495: 6494: 6295:Foreign relations 6235: 6234: 6099: 6098: 6046:Asian Australians 5877:Library resources 5698:978-1-74175-192-5 5478:978-1-74305-404-8 5004:Ursula Dubosarsky 4667:978-0-19-554919-5 4099: 4098: 4016: 4015: 3944:Pakistani English 3738:Poststructuralism 3652:modern literature 3643:Literary journals 3633:Cameron Doomadgee 3617:non-fiction novel 3605:in Canberra, and 3552: 3551: 3489: 3488: 3152:Dorothea McKellar 3124:of the Argentine 3118:American Old West 3067:Westminster Abbey 2975:Australian Poetry 2947:My Own Sweet Time 2901:The River Ophelia 2887:Christos Tsiolkas 2526:Christos Tsiolkas 2458:The River Ophelia 2346:The River Ophelia 2312:Christos Tsiolkas 2191:Vernon God Little 2175:Oscar and Lucinda 2159:Oscar and Lucinda 2011:. White followed 1940:The Female Eunuch 1822:The Female Eunuch 1704:Diary of a Wombat 1694:Hitler's Daughter 1563:Ursula Dubosarsky 1539:The Magic Pudding 1506:The Magic Pudding 1428:The Magic Pudding 1397:as key examples. 1335:A Town Like Alice 1186:States of America 1181:William Wentworth 795:First Australians 587:The Magic Pudding 381:" of life in the 338: 337: 47: 7522: 7479:Pitcairn Islands 7449:French Polynesia 7434:Christmas Island 7358:Papua New Guinea 7338:Marshall Islands 7310:Sovereign states 7295: 7288: 7281: 7272: 7271: 7250:Literary fiction 7014:African American 7002: 7001: 6928: 6921: 6914: 6905: 6904: 6881: 6874: 6867: 6743:Waste management 6624: 6623: 6545:Household income 6506: 6505: 6468:Governor-General 6278:Electoral system 6246: 6245: 6110: 6109: 5978: 5977: 5954: 5947: 5940: 5931: 5930: 5865: 5851: 5845: 5844: 5842: 5840: 5831:. Archived from 5825: 5819: 5818: 5816: 5814: 5805:. 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Anthem Press. 4372: 4238:Anne Elder Award 4091: 4084: 4077: 4063: 4062: 4061: 4044:History of ideas 3772: 3771: 3647: 3646: 3582:, among others. 3547: 3544: 3526: 3519: 3484: 3481: 3463: 3456: 3426:David Williamson 3367:David Williamson 3347:David Williamson 3329:On Our Selection 3208:Judith Beveridge 3091:Waltzing Matilda 2953:. In the 1990s, 2939:modernist poetry 2917:'gritty realism' 2713:Geoffrey Blainey 2359:illicit drug use 2297:The Secret River 2268:western cultural 2232:Richard Flanagan 2220:Christopher Koch 2117:The Power of One 2087:The Great Escape 2077:Schindler's List 1973:Outbreak of Love 1931:The Justice Game 1915:My Gorgeous Life 1874:Cultural Amnesia 1767:Thursday's Child 1663:Melina Marchetta 1531:anthropomorphism 1328:is recounted by 1307:A Fortunate Life 1035:Geoffrey Blainey 1031:The fatal Impact 906:Douglas Nicholls 707:Geoffrey Blainey 689:can be found in 630:David Williamson 612:Melina Marchetta 452:, art historian 330: 323: 316: 304:Australia portal 301: 278:National colours 96:Multiculturalism 50: 45: 37: 27: 26: 7530: 7529: 7525: 7524: 7523: 7521: 7520: 7519: 7500: 7499: 7498: 7493: 7419: 7410: 7387: 7368:Solomon Islands 7304: 7299: 7269: 7264: 7230:English studies 7194: 7148: 7125: 7093: 7079:Native American 7054:Jewish American 7044:Franco American 6998:Regional/ethnic 6993: 6937: 6932: 6902: 6897: 6884: 6877: 6870: 6863: 6850: 6811:Public holidays 6752: 6696:Life expectancy 6609: 6491: 6442: 6231: 6203: 6189:Protected areas 6095: 6034: 5967: 5958: 5897: 5896: 5895: 5885: 5884: 5880: 5873: 5868: 5852: 5848: 5838: 5836: 5827: 5826: 5822: 5812: 5810: 5801: 5800: 5796: 5789: 5785: 5778: 5771: 5761: 5759: 5750: 5749: 5745: 5738: 5734: 5724: 5722: 5710: 5706: 5699: 5683: 5679: 5668: 5664: 5654: 5652: 5639: 5638: 5634: 5627: 5623: 5607: 5606: 5594: 5580: 5576: 5571:Wayback Machine 5562: 5558: 5551: 5547: 5522: 5518: 5510: 5506: 5493: 5486: 5479: 5461: 5457: 5448: 5439: 5431: 5427: 5414: 5413: 5409: 5392: 5391: 5387: 5372: 5368: 5358: 5356: 5347: 5346: 5342: 5332: 5330: 5322: 5321: 5317: 5304: 5303: 5299: 5284: 5277: 5267: 5265: 5257: 5256: 5252: 5233: 5229: 5222: 5218: 5213:Wayback Machine 5204: 5200: 5187: 5186: 5182: 5172: 5170: 5161: 5160: 5153: 5143: 5141: 5138:"Austlit — XXX" 5136: 5135: 5131: 5114: 5113: 5109: 5096: 5095: 5091: 5086:Wayback Machine 5077: 5073: 5064:Wayback Machine 5055: 5051: 5045:Wayback Machine 5033: 5029: 5021: 5017: 5011:Wayback Machine 5002: 4998: 4988: 4984: 4975:Wayback Machine 4966: 4962: 4949: 4948: 4944: 4934: 4932: 4922:(PDF, 12 pages) 4921: 4915: 4911: 4901: 4899: 4895: 4888: 4882: 4878: 4868: 4866: 4861:Savery, Henry. 4859: 4855: 4846: 4844: 4835: 4831: 4821: 4819: 4810: 4809: 4805: 4798: 4794: 4787: 4773: 4769: 4758: 4754: 4744: 4742: 4733: 4732: 4728: 4718: 4716: 4707: 4704: 4703: 4699: 4688: 4684: 4679: 4675: 4668: 4654: 4650: 4640: 4638: 4637:on 8 April 2011 4629: 4628: 4621: 4611: 4609: 4600: 4599: 4595: 4591: 4536:Australian film 4527: 4515:Bayeh, Jumana. 4511: 4493: 4464: 4427: 4390: 4369: 4343: 4338: 4336:Further reading 4231: 4225: 4197:Red Leaves / 紅葉 4190:The Lifted Brow 4095: 4059: 4057: 3651: 3645: 3592:The First Stone 3560:Kerry Greenwood 3548: 3542: 3539: 3532:needs expansion 3517: 3495: 3485: 3479: 3476: 3469:needs expansion 3454: 3414:Trevor Jamieson 3315:Thomas Keneally 3301:George Farquhar 3287: 3281: 3180:Kenneth Slessor 2978: 2971: 2776:Barbara Baynton 2768:Barbara Baynton 2761: 2669:Thomas Keneally 2645: 2627: 2545: 2531:The Danger Game 2479: 2425:'s first novel 2363:Marquis de Sade 2334: 2328: 2288:Beverley Farmer 2280:Thomas Keneally 2264:eastern culture 2228:Shirley Hazzard 2212:Marion Halligan 2143:The Glass Canoe 2112:Bryce Courtenay 2071:Schindler's Ark 2060:Thomas Keneally 2055:The Thorn Birds 2014:The Tree of Man 2000:on the land at 1953: 1911:Charles Chaplin 1884:The Fatal Shore 1848:Barry Humphries 1813: 1743:Round the Twist 1643:brumby stallion 1640:Snowy Mountains 1582:Hesba Brinsmead 1535:Australian bush 1403: 1387:The Glass Canoe 1268:Anna Maria Bunn 1209:Rolf Boldrewood 1166:New South Wales 1106:J. F. Archibald 1069: 1025:(c.1935-1943); 983:Thomas Keneally 935:William Dampier 839:Tara June Winch 748: 731: 650:Beverley Farmer 562:Rolf Boldrewood 499:Kenneth Slessor 491:Bulletin Debate 458:Barry Humphries 434:Thomas Keneally 418:Christina Stead 391: 383:Australian bush 334: 302: 282: 147:Performing arts 145: 87: 48: 44: 31: 23: 12: 11: 5: 7528: 7518: 7517: 7512: 7495: 7494: 7492: 7491: 7486: 7481: 7476: 7471: 7469:Norfolk Island 7466: 7461: 7456: 7451: 7446: 7441: 7436: 7431: 7429:American Samoa 7425: 7423: 7412: 7411: 7409: 7408: 7403: 7397: 7395: 7389: 7388: 7386: 7385: 7380: 7375: 7370: 7365: 7360: 7355: 7350: 7345: 7340: 7335: 7330: 7325: 7320: 7314: 7312: 7306: 7305: 7298: 7297: 7290: 7283: 7275: 7266: 7265: 7263: 7262: 7257: 7252: 7247: 7242: 7237: 7232: 7227: 7225:English poetry 7222: 7217: 7212: 7206: 7204: 7203:Related topics 7200: 7199: 7196: 7195: 7193: 7192: 7187: 7182: 7177: 7172: 7167: 7162: 7156: 7154: 7150: 7149: 7147: 7146: 7141: 7135: 7133: 7127: 7126: 7124: 7123: 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5867: 5866: 5846: 5820: 5809:on 1 July 2009 5794: 5783: 5769: 5743: 5732: 5704: 5697: 5677: 5662: 5632: 5621: 5592: 5574: 5556: 5545: 5538:Teachtaireacht 5516: 5504: 5496:Grunge Fiction 5484: 5477: 5455: 5437: 5425: 5407: 5385: 5366: 5355:. 6 March 2006 5340: 5328:Nobelprize.org 5315: 5297: 5275: 5263:Nobelprize.org 5250: 5227: 5216: 5198: 5180: 5151: 5129: 5107: 5089: 5071: 5049: 5027: 5015: 4996: 4982: 4960: 4942: 4909: 4876: 4853: 4829: 4803: 4792: 4785: 4767: 4752: 4741:on 1 June 2011 4726: 4697: 4682: 4673: 4666: 4648: 4619: 4592: 4590: 4587: 4586: 4585: 4580: 4575: 4574: 4573: 4563: 4558: 4553: 4548: 4543: 4538: 4533: 4526: 4523: 4522: 4521: 4510: 4507: 4506: 4505: 4491: 4476: 4462: 4439: 4425: 4402: 4388: 4373: 4367: 4342: 4339: 4337: 4334: 4333: 4332: 4327: 4322: 4313: 4312: 4307: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4282: 4277: 4272: 4267: 4261: 4256: 4250: 4245: 4240: 4227:Main article: 4224: 4221: 4220: 4219: 4208: 4207: 4200: 4193: 4186: 4178: 4171: 4164: 4157: 4146: 4145: 4138: 4131: 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3382:Brilliant Lies 3283:Main article: 3280: 3277: 3140:Banjo Paterson 3137:bush balladeer 3112:, just as the 3087:Banjo Paterson 3037:Charles Harpur 2970: 2967: 2955:Helen Darville 2905:Brendan Cowell 2897:Justine Ettler 2879:Andrew McGahan 2851:Miles Franklin 2837:Miles Franklin 2830: 2829: 2826: 2823: 2820: 2784:Wake in Fright 2760: 2757: 2747:Rachel Perkins 2739:Marcia Langton 2707:'s six-volume 2641:Main article: 2626: 2623: 2619:Wong Shee Ping 2544: 2541: 2522:Kalinda Ashton 2508:Anthony Macris 2488:Elliot Perlman 2478: 2475: 2467:Murray Waldren 2443:Justine Ettler 2439:Fiona McGregor 2423:Andrew McGahan 2371:literary genre 2341:Justine Ettler 2330:Main article: 2327: 2324: 2320:Gerard Windsor 2302:Kate Grenville 2270:viewpoint, as 2259:The Asian Saga 2236:Gerald Murnane 2196:Kate Grenville 2082:Paul Brickhill 1952: 1949: 1903:Barry McKenzie 1856:Germaine Greer 1827:Germaine Greer 1812: 1809: 1792:The Lost Thing 1751:Sonya Hartnett 1636:Elyne Mitchell 1610:Carnegie Medal 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H. Lawrence 1344:Alan Moorehead 1278:Miles Franklin 1257:penal colonies 1160:—then a young 1158:Robert Southey 1142:Jonathan Swift 1068: 1065: 1053:Marcia Langton 1043:Henry Reynolds 1027:Alan Moorehead 1015:Donald Thomson 861:) in 2000 for 810:The voices of 791:Marcia Langton 744:Main article: 730: 727: 723:Marcia Langton 681:was the first 654:Kate Grenville 620:) is a modern 582:Norman Lindsay 532:Miles Franklin 473:Banjo Paterson 456:and humorists 450:Germaine Greer 390: 387: 371:egalitarianism 336: 335: 333: 332: 325: 318: 310: 307: 306: 294: 293: 292: 291: 286: 280: 275: 270: 265: 257: 256: 252: 251: 250: 249: 244: 239: 234: 233: 232: 227: 222: 217: 212: 202: 197: 192: 187: 179: 178: 174: 173: 172: 171: 170: 169: 164: 159: 154: 143: 142: 141: 131: 126: 118: 117: 113: 112: 111: 110: 105: 100: 99: 98: 93: 82: 77: 69: 68: 64: 63: 53: 52: 40: 39: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7527: 7516: 7513: 7511: 7508: 7507: 7505: 7490: 7487: 7485: 7482: 7480: 7477: 7475: 7472: 7470: 7467: 7465: 7464:New Caledonia 7462: 7460: 7457: 7455: 7452: 7450: 7447: 7445: 7444:Easter Island 7442: 7440: 7437: 7435: 7432: 7430: 7427: 7426: 7424: 7422: 7417: 7413: 7407: 7404: 7402: 7399: 7398: 7396: 7394: 7390: 7384: 7381: 7379: 7376: 7374: 7371: 7369: 7366: 7364: 7361: 7359: 7356: 7354: 7351: 7349: 7346: 7344: 7341: 7339: 7336: 7334: 7331: 7329: 7326: 7324: 7321: 7319: 7316: 7315: 7313: 7311: 7307: 7303: 7296: 7291: 7289: 7284: 7282: 7277: 7276: 7273: 7261: 7258: 7256: 7253: 7251: 7248: 7246: 7243: 7241: 7238: 7236: 7233: 7231: 7228: 7226: 7223: 7221: 7220:English drama 7218: 7216: 7213: 7211: 7208: 7207: 7205: 7201: 7191: 7190:South African 7188: 7186: 7183: 7181: 7178: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7163: 7161: 7158: 7157: 7155: 7151: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7137: 7136: 7134: 7132: 7128: 7122: 7119: 7117: 7114: 7112: 7109: 7108: 7106: 7104: 7100: 7096: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7052: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 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6571: 6568: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6558: 6556: 6553: 6551: 6550:Manufacturing 6548: 6546: 6543: 6539: 6536: 6535: 6534: 6531: 6529: 6526: 6524: 6521: 6519: 6516: 6514: 6511: 6510: 6507: 6504: 6502: 6498: 6486: 6483: 6482: 6481: 6478: 6474: 6471: 6470: 6469: 6466: 6462: 6459: 6458: 6457: 6454: 6453: 6451: 6449: 6445: 6439: 6436: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6423: 6422: 6419: 6417: 6414: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6404:Republicanism 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6377: 6375: 6372: 6371: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6359:National debt 6357: 6355: 6352: 6350: 6347: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6329: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6316: 6313: 6311: 6308: 6306: 6303: 6302: 6301: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6291: 6288: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6270: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6251: 6250: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6238: 6228: 6225: 6223: 6220: 6218: 6215: 6214: 6212: 6210: 6206: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 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5497: 5491: 5489: 5480: 5474: 5470: 5466: 5459: 5452: 5446: 5444: 5442: 5435: 5429: 5421: 5417: 5411: 5403: 5399: 5395: 5389: 5381: 5377: 5370: 5354: 5350: 5344: 5329: 5325: 5319: 5311: 5307: 5301: 5293: 5289: 5282: 5280: 5264: 5260: 5254: 5246: 5242: 5238: 5231: 5225: 5220: 5214: 5210: 5207: 5202: 5194: 5190: 5184: 5168: 5164: 5158: 5156: 5139: 5133: 5125: 5121: 5119: 5111: 5103: 5099: 5093: 5087: 5083: 5080: 5075: 5069: 5065: 5061: 5058: 5053: 5046: 5042: 5039: 5038: 5031: 5024: 5019: 5012: 5008: 5005: 5000: 4994: 4992: 4986: 4980: 4976: 4972: 4969: 4964: 4956: 4952: 4946: 4931: 4927: 4920: 4913: 4894: 4887: 4880: 4864: 4857: 4842: 4841: 4833: 4817: 4813: 4807: 4801: 4796: 4788: 4782: 4778: 4771: 4763: 4756: 4740: 4736: 4730: 4714: 4710: 4701: 4693: 4686: 4677: 4669: 4663: 4659: 4652: 4636: 4632: 4626: 4624: 4607: 4603: 4597: 4593: 4584: 4581: 4579: 4576: 4572: 4569: 4568: 4567: 4564: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4528: 4518: 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Routledge. 4447: 4446: 4440: 4436: 4432: 4428: 4426:9781003312154 4422: 4418: 4414: 4411:. Routledge. 4410: 4409: 4403: 4399: 4395: 4391: 4389:9781785270925 4385: 4381: 4380: 4374: 4370: 4368:9781009090049 4364: 4360: 4356: 4352: 4351: 4345: 4344: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4321: 4318: 4317: 4316: 4311: 4308: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4283: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4273: 4271: 4268: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4254: 4251: 4249: 4246: 4244: 4241: 4239: 4236: 4235: 4234: 4230: 4218: 4217: 4213: 4212: 4211: 4206: 4205: 4201: 4199: 4198: 4194: 4192: 4191: 4187: 4184: 4183: 4179: 4177: 4176: 4172: 4170: 4169: 4165: 4163: 4162: 4158: 4156: 4155: 4151: 4150: 4149: 4144: 4143: 4139: 4137: 4136: 4132: 4130: 4129: 4125: 4123: 4122: 4118: 4116: 4115: 4111: 4110: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4092: 4087: 4085: 4080: 4078: 4073: 4072: 4070: 4069: 4066: 4056: 4055: 4050: 4047: 4045: 4042: 4040: 4037: 4035: 4032: 4030: 4027: 4026: 4025: 4024: 4020: 4019: 4012: 4009: 4008: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3994: 3993: 3992: 3988: 3987: 3982: 3979: 3977: 3974: 3972: 3969: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3945: 3942: 3941: 3940: 3937: 3935: 3932: 3930: 3927: 3925: 3922: 3920: 3917: 3915: 3912: 3910: 3907: 3903: 3900: 3899: 3898: 3895: 3893: 3890: 3888: 3885: 3883: 3880: 3878: 3875: 3873: 3870: 3868: 3865: 3864: 3863: 3862: 3858: 3857: 3852: 3849: 3847: 3844: 3842: 3839: 3837: 3834: 3832: 3829: 3827: 3824: 3822: 3819: 3817: 3814: 3812: 3809: 3808: 3807: 3806: 3802: 3801: 3796: 3795:South African 3793: 3791: 3788: 3786: 3783: 3782: 3781: 3780: 3777: 3774: 3773: 3770: 3769: 3765: 3764: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3736: 3734: 3731: 3729: 3728:Structuralism 3726: 3724: 3721: 3720: 3719: 3718: 3714: 3713: 3708: 3705: 3703: 3700: 3699: 3698: 3697: 3693: 3692: 3687: 3684: 3682: 3679: 3678: 3677: 3676: 3672: 3671: 3666: 3663: 3662: 3661: 3660: 3656: 3655: 3649: 3648: 3640: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3629: 3624: 3620: 3618: 3614: 3610: 3609: 3604: 3600: 3599: 3594: 3593: 3588: 3583: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3565: 3564:Shane Maloney 3561: 3557: 3556:crime fiction 3546: 3537: 3533: 3530:This section 3528: 3525: 3521: 3520: 3512: 3510: 3506: 3502: 3501: 3494: 3483: 3474: 3470: 3467:This section 3465: 3462: 3458: 3457: 3449: 3447: 3443: 3439: 3435: 3431: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3415: 3411: 3407: 3403: 3399: 3395: 3391: 3386: 3384: 3383: 3378: 3377: 3373: 3368: 3364: 3360: 3356: 3352: 3348: 3344: 3340: 3339: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3322: 3321: 3320:The Playmaker 3316: 3312: 3308: 3307: 3302: 3298: 3297: 3292: 3286: 3276: 3274: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3257: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3238: 3234: 3225: 3224: 3219: 3215: 3211: 3209: 3205: 3204:John Kinsella 3201: 3197: 3193: 3189: 3185: 3181: 3177: 3173: 3172:Judith Wright 3169: 3165: 3161: 3157: 3153: 3149: 3141: 3138: 3133: 3129: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3098: 3097: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3080: 3076: 3071: 3068: 3064: 3063:Poets' Corner 3060: 3059:national poet 3056: 3052: 3048: 3044: 3042: 3041:Henry Kendall 3038: 3034: 3030: 3026: 3025: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3005: 3001: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2982: 2976: 2966: 2964: 2960: 2956: 2952: 2948: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2930: 2928: 2927: 2922: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2893: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2871: 2866: 2865:Patrick White 2862: 2858: 2857: 2852: 2844: 2843: 2838: 2834: 2827: 2824: 2821: 2818: 2817: 2816: 2814: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2797: 2791: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2769: 2765: 2756: 2754: 2753: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2735: 2730: 2729:Robert Hughes 2726: 2725: 2720: 2719: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2705:Manning Clark 2703: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2690: 2685: 2683: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2665:Robert Hughes 2662: 2658: 2654: 2650: 2644: 2636: 2631: 2622: 2620: 2617:(1909–10) by 2616: 2615: 2610: 2604: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2570: 2566: 2562: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2540: 2537: 2533: 2532: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2517: 2516:Neoliberalism 2513: 2509: 2505: 2504: 2499: 2498:Andrew McCann 2495: 2494: 2493:Three Dollars 2489: 2485: 2474: 2472: 2471:dirty realism 2468: 2462: 2460: 2459: 2454: 2453: 2448: 2444: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2419: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2408:dirty realism 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2347: 2342: 2338: 2333: 2323: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2308: 2303: 2299: 2298: 2293: 2289: 2285: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2260: 2255: 2254:James Clavell 2251: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2240:Brenda Walker 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2217: 2216:Susan Johnson 2213: 2209: 2205: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2192: 2187: 2183: 2182: 2177: 2176: 2171: 2167: 2166: 2161: 2160: 2155: 2154: 2149: 2145: 2144: 2139: 2138:David Ireland 2135: 2131: 2127: 2126: 2121: 2119: 2118: 2113: 2109: 2108: 2103: 2099: 2098: 2093: 2089: 2088: 2083: 2079: 2078: 2073: 2072: 2067: 2066: 2061: 2057: 2056: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2042:J. M. Coetzee 2039: 2037: 2032: 2031: 2026: 2022: 2021: 2016: 2015: 2010: 2009: 2003: 1999: 1995: 1994: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1980:Patrick White 1977: 1975: 1974: 1969: 1968: 1963: 1962: 1957: 1948: 1946: 1942: 1941: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1919:Handling Edna 1916: 1912: 1908: 1907:Les Patterson 1904: 1900: 1896: 1893: 1888: 1886: 1885: 1880: 1876: 1875: 1869: 1867: 1866: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1844:Robert Hughes 1841: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1823: 1817: 1808: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1793: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1769:and the CBCA 1768: 1764: 1763:Sleeping Dogs 1760: 1756: 1752: 1747: 1745: 1744: 1739: 1738: 1737:Unbelievable! 1733: 1732: 1727: 1726:Paul Jennings 1723: 1721: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1705: 1700: 1696: 1695: 1690: 1686: 1685:Jackie French 1682: 1680: 1679: 1674: 1670: 1669: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1655: 1650: 1649: 1644: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1632:Silver Brumby 1628: 1623: 1621: 1617: 1616: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1586:Ivan Southall 1583: 1579: 1575: 1570: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1555:gumnut babies 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1527: 1522: 1518: 1517: 1512: 1508: 1507: 1502: 1498: 1497: 1492: 1488: 1487: 1482: 1478: 1477: 1472: 1467: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1453: 1452: 1447: 1446: 1441: 1434: 1430: 1429: 1424: 1417: 1413: 1412: 1407: 1398: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1383:David Ireland 1379: 1378: 1372: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1357: 1352: 1347: 1345: 1341: 1340:Edward Dunlop 1337: 1336: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1318: 1313: 1309: 1308: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1294: 1289: 1285: 1284: 1279: 1275: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1260: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1245: 1240: 1239:Joseph Furphy 1236: 1235: 1230: 1226: 1225: 1220: 1219:Marcus Clarke 1216: 1215: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1189: 1187: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1169: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1123: 1119: 1113: 1112: 1107: 1104:(right) with 1103: 1099: 1092: 1091:Joseph Furphy 1088: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1064: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1051:, 1981); and 1050: 1049: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 991:Donald Stuart 988: 984: 980: 979: 974: 973:Judith Wright 966: 962: 958: 956: 952: 948: 944: 940: 936: 931: 926: 925: 921: 919: 915: 911: 907: 903: 898: 896: 892: 891: 886: 883: 881: 876: 875:Alexis Wright 873: 871: 866: 865: 860: 856: 852: 848: 844: 840: 836: 832: 831:Alexis Wright 828: 824: 823:Kevin Gilbert 820: 817: 813: 808: 806: 805: 800: 796: 792: 788: 787: 782: 778: 777: 772: 768: 767: 762: 761:David Unaipon 758: 757:James Unaipon 753: 752: 747: 739: 738:David Unaipon 735: 726: 724: 720: 719:Claire Wright 716: 715:Manning Clark 712: 711:Robert Hughes 708: 704: 700: 698: 697: 692: 688: 684: 680: 676: 675:David Unaipon 672: 670: 666: 661: 659: 655: 651: 647: 643: 639: 635: 631: 627: 623: 619: 618: 613: 609: 608: 603: 599: 598: 593: 589: 588: 583: 579: 578: 573: 569: 568: 563: 559: 558: 553: 552:Joseph Furphy 549: 548: 543: 539: 538: 533: 529: 528: 523: 522:Marcus Clarke 518: 516: 512: 508: 507:Judith Wright 504: 500: 496: 492: 488: 487: 482: 478: 474: 470: 465: 463: 459: 455: 454:Robert Hughes 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 423: 419: 415: 414:Patrick White 411: 410:Nobel-winning 403: 399: 398:Patrick White 395: 386: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 367: 362: 361:Aboriginality 358: 354: 350: 346: 342: 331: 326: 324: 319: 317: 312: 311: 309: 308: 305: 300: 296: 295: 290: 287: 285: 281: 279: 276: 274: 271: 269: 266: 264: 261: 260: 259: 258: 254: 253: 248: 245: 243: 240: 238: 235: 231: 228: 226: 223: 221: 218: 216: 213: 211: 208: 207: 206: 203: 201: 198: 196: 193: 191: 188: 186: 183: 182: 181: 180: 176: 175: 168: 167:Pro wrestling 165: 163: 160: 158: 155: 153: 150: 149: 148: 144: 140: 137: 136: 135: 132: 130: 127: 125: 122: 121: 120: 119: 115: 114: 109: 106: 104: 101: 97: 94: 92: 89: 88: 86: 83: 81: 78: 76: 73: 72: 71: 70: 66: 65: 59: 55: 54: 51: 42: 41: 38: 35: 29: 28: 25: 21: 16: 7416:Dependencies 7401:Cook Islands 7317: 7138: 6879:Bibliography 6800: 6766:Architecture 6723:Prostitution 6706:Demographics 6671:Homelessness 6570:Reserve Bank 6384:Conservatism 6332:Constitution 6300:Human rights 6258:Constitution 6209:Subdivisions 5990:Bibliography 5881: 5854: 5849: 5837:. 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Retrieved 4606:the original 4596: 4481: 4444: 4407: 4378: 4349: 4320:Booker Prize 4314: 4300:Stella Prize 4253:Ditmar Award 4232: 4214: 4209: 4202: 4195: 4188: 4185:(now closed) 4180: 4173: 4166: 4159: 4152: 4147: 4140: 4133: 4126: 4119: 4112: 4107: 4102: 4100: 3996: 3748:Postcolonial 3626: 3623:Chloe Hooper 3621: 3606: 3596: 3590: 3587:Helen Garner 3584: 3580:Peter Corris 3568:Peter Temple 3553: 3543:October 2010 3540: 3536:adding to it 3531: 3500:On the Beach 3498: 3496: 3480:October 2010 3477: 3473:adding to it 3468: 3438:Nick Enright 3430:Alan Seymour 3410:Scott Rankin 3405: 3394:Alan Seymour 3389: 3387: 3380: 3376:Emerald City 3370: 3363:Nick Enright 3355:Jack Hibberd 3351:Barry Oakley 3336: 3328: 3318: 3304: 3294: 3288: 3261:John Tranter 3255: 3253: 3229: 3221: 3200:John Tranter 3176:Gwen Harwood 3164:Mary Gilmore 3145: 3096:The Bulletin 3094: 3083:Henry Lawson 3072: 3047:Henry Lawson 3045: 3028: 3023: 3021:appeared in 3009: 2958: 2946: 2931: 2924: 2921:Helen Garner 2915:, a type of 2909:How It Feels 2908: 2900: 2890: 2882: 2868: 2854: 2848: 2840: 2839:, author of 2812: 2808: 2805:Henry Lawson 2800: 2794: 2792: 2788:Colin Thiele 2783: 2780:Kenneth Cook 2773: 2750: 2732: 2722: 2716: 2708: 2687: 2686: 2681: 2673:Charles Bean 2660: 2656: 2649:Watkin Tench 2646: 2635:Charles Bean 2633:Portrait of 2612: 2605: 2546: 2529: 2520: 2511: 2501: 2491: 2480: 2463: 2456: 2450: 2447:Helen Garner 2435:Linda Jaivin 2426: 2420: 2412:Generation X 2383:young people 2368: 2344: 2305: 2295: 2284:David Malouf 2276:screenwriter 2257: 2252: 2204:Helen Garner 2200:David Malouf 2189: 2179: 2173: 2172:with 1988's 2170:Booker Prize 2163: 2157: 2151: 2141: 2123: 2122: 2115: 2105: 2097:Mary Poppins 2095: 2085: 2075: 2069: 2063: 2053: 2040: 2028: 2018: 2012: 2006: 1993:Happy Valley 1991: 1978: 1971: 1965: 1959: 1954: 1944: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1899:Edna Everage 1889: 1882: 1878: 1872: 1870: 1863: 1836: 1820: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1781:in 2009 for 1774: 1766: 1762: 1748: 1741: 1735: 1729: 1724: 1702: 1699:Adolf Hitler 1692: 1683: 1676: 1666: 1652: 1646: 1624: 1613: 1602:Joan Phipson 1590:Colin Thiele 1571: 1566: 1554: 1542: 1538: 1526:Possum Magic 1524: 1514: 1504: 1494: 1484: 1481:Ethel Pedley 1474: 1471:Dorothy Wall 1468: 1449: 1443: 1440:Ethel Turner 1438: 1426: 1416:Ethel Turner 1409: 1394: 1386: 1375: 1373: 1368: 1354: 1348: 1333: 1315: 1305: 1298:Albert Facey 1291: 1288:Jeannie Gunn 1281: 1276: 1263: 1261: 1244:Such Is Life 1242: 1232: 1222: 1212: 1197:Henry Savery 1192: 1190: 1184: 1173:Watkin Tench 1170: 1129: 1127: 1111:The Bulletin 1109: 1102:Henry Lawson 1076:Watkin Tench 1057:Robert Manne 1046: 1038: 1030: 1006: 1002: 999:Watkin Tench 995:David Malouf 986: 976: 970: 965:Noel Pearson 953:(the era of 951:Watkin Tench 927: 923: 922: 899: 895:Stella Prize 890:Too Much Lip 888: 878: 868: 862: 835:Kate Howarth 809: 802: 799:Noel Pearson 797:, 2008) and 784: 781:Sally Morgan 776:We Are Going 774: 764: 754: 750: 749: 703:Charles Bean 701: 694: 691:Sally Morgan 673: 662: 658:Helen Garner 646:Henry Lawson 638:Nick Enright 634:Alan Seymour 615: 605: 597:Possum Magic 595: 585: 575: 565: 557:Such Is Life 555: 545: 535: 525: 519: 495:Mary Gilmore 484: 477:C. J. Dennis 469:Henry Lawson 466: 422:David Malouf 407: 364: 340: 339: 268:Coat of arms 247:Video gaming 133: 124:Architecture 30: 24: 15: 7348:New Zealand 7160:Bangladeshi 7144:New Zealand 7064:New England 6979:Romanticism 6969:Restoration 6964:Elizabethan 6949:Old English 6841:Anglosphere 6681:Immigration 6646:Citizenship 6513:Agriculture 6399:Nationalism 6342:Enforcement 6315:Transgender 6149:Earthquakes 6137:Environment 6071:Immigration 6000:Archaeology 5536:. See also 5173:14 December 4002:New Zealand 3989:Australasia 3436:, the late 3333:Steele Rudd 3291:First Fleet 3233:Meuse Press 3196:John Forbes 3192:Robert Gray 3029:Australasia 3004:C.J. 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