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The market for
Aboriginal art is still very strong, on the national and international stage, since becoming a solid financial investment in the 1980s. Not only do all the regional and State Galleries acquire significant collections of Aboriginal art, but private galleries are showing featured artists
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A 5% resale royalty scheme commenced in 2010 under which artists receive 5% of the sale price when eligible artworks are resold commercially for $ 1000 or more. Between 10 June 2010 and 15 May 2013, the scheme generated over $ 1.5 million in royalties for 610 artists. Some buyers object to paying any
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of small sketches, their impressionistic programme was clear, as evidenced from their catalogue: "An effect is only momentary: so an impressionist tries to find his place... it has been the object of artists to render faithfully, and thus obtain first records of effects widely differing, and often of
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A few attempts at art exhibitions were made in the 1840s, which attracted a number of artists but were commercial failures. By the 1850s, however, regular exhibitions became popular, with a variety of art types represented. The first of these exhibitions was in 1854 in
Melbourne. An art museum, which
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Early
Western art in Australia, from British colonisation in 1788 onwards, is often narrated as the gradual shift from a European sense of light to an Australian one. The lighting in Australia is notably different from that of Europe, and early attempts at landscapes attempted to reflect this. It has
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in Europe, and
Aboriginal art is believed to be the oldest continuing tradition of art in the world. There are three major regional styles: the geometric style found in Central Australia, Tasmania, the Kimberley and Victoria known for its concentric circles, arcs and dots; the simple figurative style
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Many of their most famous works depict scenes of pastoral and outback
Australia. Central themes of their art include manual labour, conquering the land, and an idealisation of the rural pioneer. By the 1890s most Australians were city-dwellers, as were the artists themselves, and a romantic view of
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A new market has arisen in China, where
Australian artists are selling works in a traditionally local market: "While the Chinese have always had a passion for traditional Chinese art, according to global auction house Sotheby's, the surging interest in contemporary international art is a recent
793:(1801–1878) worked from 1835 to 1878 as a professional artist, painting many landscapes and was commercially successful. His work has been regarded as softening the landscape to fit European sensibilities. His watercolour studies of Sydney Harbour are well regarded, and seen as introducing
581:. This campaign aims to create the very first fully resourced national archive to bring together information about rock art sites, as well as planning for future rock art management and conservation. The National Rock Art Institute would bring together existing rock art expertise from
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technique, and a more domesticated and settled view of the land, in contrast to the emphasis on strangeness or danger prevalent in earlier painters. This approach, together with his extensive teaching influence, have led his to dubbed the "Father of
Landscape Painting in Australia".
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and the exit of many artists and dealers, followed by the 2000s boom in
Aboriginal dot painting and Australian late modernist painting, which ended at the time of the global financial crisis and growing collector and public interest in the international contemporary art circuit.
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In 2014/15 there was a rediscovery of colonial art at auction. Affordable 20th-century rural scene painting is buoyant. While the inflated northern hemisphere art markets had anticipating a massive correction in the
Australian art market which transitioned to the middle market.
1135:. In this work Roberts uses formal composition and strong realism to dignify the shearers whilst the relative anonymity of the men and their subdued expressions, elevate their work as the real subject, rather that the specific individuals portrayed.
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Splatt and Burton (1977) consider the 1960s a period in which public attention was being drawn to urban bushland and that landscape paintings of the 1970s carried through on the themes of environmental preservation and threats of destruction.
976:, was founded in 1861, and it began to collect Australian works as well as gathering a collection of European masters. Crucially, it also opened an art school, important for the following generations of Australian-born and raised artists.
515:-Willam people who come from the district now incorporating the city of Melbourne. He remains notable for his artworks which recorded traditional Aboriginal ways for the education of Westerners (which remain on permanent exhibition at the
910:(1818–1880) documented life on the Australian gold fields, however the colonial art market primarily desired landscape paintings, which were commissioned by wealthy landowners or merchants wanting to record their material success.
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in
Australia can be traced back at least 30,000 years. Examples of ancient Aboriginal rock artworks can be found throughout the continent. Notable examples can be found in national parks, such as those of the
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also been one of transformation, where artistic ideas originating from beyond (primarily Europe) gained new meaning and purpose when transplanted into the new continent and the emerging society.
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The visual arts in Australia have a rich and extensive history, with Aboriginal art dating back at least 30,000 years. The country has been the birthplace of many notable artists from both
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influenced by refugees from Europe, and Australian-born artists' visits to England and France. Conservatives' attitudes to 'modern art' prevailed until the 1960s, institutionalised in the
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built on the Australian landscape tradition of the Heidelberg painters, creating grand, nationalist pastoral landscapes. Others moved on to successful careers in London and Paris, such as
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works, which notably fuse Western and indigenous influences, are significant. Since the 1970s, indigenous artists have employed the use of acrylic paints – with styles such as the
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The smaller commercial galleries have struggled to remain in business in the 2010s in spite of a functioning economy, although there is little consensus on the reasons for this.
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holds a significant collection comprising more than a quarter of a million artworks, many from the colonial period. More material is held by other national and state libraries.
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Australia has major art museums and galleries subsidised by the national and state governments, as well as private art museums and small university and municipal galleries. The
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577:, called for the creation of a national database for rock art. Paul Taçon launched the "Protect Australia's Spirit" campaign in May 2011 with the Australian actor
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resale royalty while others do not mind a royalty going directly to the artists. However, they worry about further red tape and bureaucratic interference.
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485:; the complex figurative style found in Arnhem Land which includes X-Ray art. These designs generally carry significance linked to the spirituality of the
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in Western Australia has the Friends of Australian Rock Art advocating its preservation, and the numerous engravings there were heritage listed in 2007.
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abroad. Aboriginal artists are also represented in all the major landscape prizes Australia. In 2019, "the Wynne prize, worth $ 50,000, was won by
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694:. Most are in the style of naval draughtsmanship, and cover natural history topics, specifically birds, and a few depict the infant colony itself.
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638:'s 1770 voyage that first charted the eastern coastline of Australia, made a large number of such drawings under the direction of naturalist
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Socially oriented art events such as art fairs and biennials have continued to grow in size and popularity in the contemporary art scene.
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approach to the Australian landscape that remains embedded in Australia's popular consciousness, both in and outside the art world.
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in 1788. Until the turn of the century all drawings made in the colony were crafted by soldiers, including British naval officers
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for her painting Seven Sisters – marking the fourth year in a row that the landscape prize has been won by Indigenous artists."
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illustrations, depicting the distinctive flora and fauna of the land for scientific purposes, and the topography of the coast.
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The boom and bust cycle in contemporary art is evident in the 1980s colonial art boom ending at the time of the
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1186:. He also wrote letters home to his friend, Tom Roberts, updating him on developments in French impressionism.
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provide more direct inspiration and influenced their actual practise. In their early and extremely influential
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Several professional natural-history illustrators accompanied expeditions in the early 19th century, including
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series, sought to capture the ancient strangeness and a cruel infinity of the central Australian landscape.
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531:(1875–1963) was among the early non-indigenous painters to incorporate Aboriginal influences in her works.
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642:. Many of these drawings were met with scepticism when taken back to Europe, for example claims that the
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in Sydney are widely regarded as autonomously discerning collections of international contemporary art.
745:(1808) represents the fine detail and scientific observation displayed by many of these early painters.
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1945:
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916:'s (1836–1914) "Flood in the Darling" was acquired by the National Gallery of New South Wales in 1895.
787:, his works captured the distinctive Australian features of open country, fallen logs, and blue hills.
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1614:, Switzerland, was one of the few museums in Europe that dedicated itself entirely to Aboriginal art.
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In their portrayal of the nobility of rural life, the Heidelberg artists reveal their debt to
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in Perth. A network of regional public galleries have existed since the mid-1800s and one,
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Alan McCulloch, Golden Age of Australian Painting: Impressionism and the Heidelberg School
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have major strengths in collecting the art of the Asia Pacific Region. Others include the
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The first artistic representations of the Australia scene by European artists were mainly
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In May 2011, the Director of the Place, Evolution, and Rock Art Heritage Unit (PERAHU) at
8:
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2007:
Bernard Smith with Terry Smith and Christopher Heathcote (2001). Oxford University Press.
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982:, a professional photographer and student of Buvelot, painted the large-scale bush scene
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Among the public, through the 1920s, modified forms of Impressionism were popular, with
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are believed to have arrived in Australia as early as 60,000 years ago, and evidence of
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The origins of a distinctly Australian painting tradition is often associated with the
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As well as inspiration in natural history, there were some ethnographic portraiture of
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729:, who arrived in 1800 and published two volumes of natural history art. Ornithologist
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was a key figure in landscape painting in the later period. He was influenced by the
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2311:"Desert Blossoms of Bush Medicine 'Akwerlp Alpeyt Artna Arntetyew' – Art Exhibition"
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was renowned for his illustrations of the country's birds. In the late 19th century
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1099:(then a rural suburb on the outskirts of Melbourne), these painters, together with
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The Australian Arts Community – A free community website for the arts in Australia
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Despite Banks' suggestions, no professional natural-history artist sailed on the
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is published twice a year and also covers international scholarship of rock art.
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ideals to his paintings. Martens is also remembered for accompanying scientist
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2264:"Aussie artists eye cashed-up Chinese buyers spending big on contemporary art"
1918:
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In terms of age and abundance, cave art in Australia is comparable to that of
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1920:
Protect Australia's Spirit: Interview with Prof. Paul Tacon and Jack Thompson
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in Melbourne, which has a significant Australian collection of Western art.
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toured the interior, sponsored by newspapers to document drought. They and
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2361:"Tony Costa named winner of 2019 Archibald prize for portrait of Lindy Lee"
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690:. However, many of these drawings are by unknown artists, most notably the
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457:. Rock art can also be found within protected parks in urban areas such as
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779:. Heavily influenced by 18th-century European landscape painters, such as
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McCulloch, Alan McCulloch, Susan McCulloch & Emily McCulloch Childs:
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times to the present day. The art forms include, but are not limited to,
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Other significant painters associated with the Heidelberg painters were
858:
A bivouac of travellers in Australia in a cabbage-tree forest, day break
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Ku Ring Gai Chase National Park, Sydney, Australia. Information and Map
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spent much of his career in Europe, where he befriended the likes of
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if they were funded by philanthropists, big business and government.
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Phillips, Yasmine: World protection urged for Burrup art. 13.01.09
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exhibits a great many indigenous art works, including those of the
466:
1174:, a student of McCubbin. Born and raised in Sydney, impressionist
1968:
James Gleeson, Australian Painting. Edited by John Henshaw. 1971.
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473:
392:. The Australian art scene also features significant examples of
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being considered the last of the Australian Impressionists. The
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who are known for their traditional sculpture and headgear. The
2476:
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Arts, Department of Communications and the (17 December 2019).
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pioneer life gave great power and popularity to images such as
438:
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Art Prizes Australia, a free listing of Australian Art Prizes
2063:, Art Gallery of South Australia. Retrieved 27 February 2017.
1261:
511:
1824–1903) was one of the last traditionally educated of the
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2061:'Evening shadows, backwater of the Murray, South Australia'
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were highly respected natural history illustrators Lewin's
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has an extensive collection of indigenous Australian art.
1938:
1936:
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1932:
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Pilbara Rock Art not Affected by Mining Emissions: Study
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The museum for Australian Aboriginal art 'La grange' in
1061:
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North-east view from the northern top of Mount Kosciusko
885:
2018:"National Gallery of Australia. Travelling exhibitions"
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becoming globally renowned 20th-century art movements.
2213:"Bleak picture emerges as galleries battle to hang in"
1929:
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movement, originating in the writings and teaching of
906:
resulted in a huge influx of settlers and new wealth.
842:
View of Sir Edward Pellews Group, Gulph of Carpentaria
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The most significant landscape artist of this era was
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Art Collector Magazine's Indigenous Art Centres Guide
2000:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
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1964:
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Art in Australia: From Colonization to Postmodernism.
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Henry James Johnstone (also known as H. J. Johnstone)
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was a hoax. In the form of copies and reproductions,
1266:
In 1901, the six self-governing Australian colonies
1559:, is unique in specialising in Australian art. The
990:and possibly Australia's most reproduced painting.
768:and the sculptor Benjamin Law, recording images of
665:
2211:Preiss, Andrea Petrie and Benjamin (11 May 2013).
1985:
1951:
1894:"Protect Australia's Spirit – Griffith University"
2071:
2069:
535:(1902–1959) is a famous Australian artist and an
3878:
1549:Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory
721:, who travelled with a French expedition led by
2239:"Why are so many commercial galleries closing?"
1948:(1997). Thames and Hudson, World of Art series.
1471:Category:Art museums and galleries in Australia
2389:"Fondation Burkhardt-Felder | Arts et Culture"
2066:
1801:. National Gallery of Victoria. Archived from
1467:List of art museums and galleries in Australia
752:, particularly in the 1830s. Artists included
2918:
2721:
2492:
2043:
2041:
1869:"Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander art"
1087:of the late 19th century. Named after a camp
725:. The first resident professional artist was
376:schools. These include the late-19th-century
315:
2336:"Indigenous artist wins landscape art prize"
2091:
1150:, but the techniques and aims of the French
600:
345:, or by Australians overseas, spanning from
2440:Australian Commercial Galleries Association
2095:A Treasury of Australian Landscape Painting
1397:(1937–1947), opposed by such groups as the
2925:
2911:
2728:
2714:
2499:
2485:
2186:"Top 38 International Art Fairs To Attend"
2049:McCulloch's Encyclopedia of Australian Art
2038:
1270:to form a unified nation. Artists such as
1262:Federation era and World War I (1901–1918)
823:A Direct North General View of Sydney Cove
322:
308:
2735:
2286:"History and Emergence of Aboriginal Art"
2092:Splatt, William; Burton, Barbara (1977).
1606:Australian visual arts in other countries
465:are approximately 5000 to 200 years old.
2435:National Association for the Visual Arts
2266:. Australia: ABC News. 28 September 2018
2119:"Pictures Collections – Getting started"
1673:Australian Culture and Recreation Portal
1629:Australian artist groups and collectives
1531:in Adelaide, Newcastle Art Gallery, the
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703:A View of the Artist's House and Garden
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16:Art made by Australians or in Australia
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1825:Arnhem Land Rock Art on Archaeology TV
1675:. Australia Government. Archived from
1533:National Portrait Gallery of Australia
1451:Art museums and galleries in Australia
1404:The 1950s restored an interest in the
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2709:
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1408:as subject matter in Australian art.
1107:and others, began an impressionistic
1062:Australian impressionists (1885–1900)
986:(1880), the first acquisition of the
919:Some of the artists of note included
886:Gold rushes and expansion (1851–1885)
455:Kimberley region of Western Australia
2133:
2078:
1799:The Ian Potter Centre: NGV Australia
1514:Museum of Contemporary Art Australia
2411:"Current Exhibition | Fondation-bf"
1639:Australian Cartoonists' Association
1401:(established 1938 and continuing).
1253:The purple noon's transparent might
449:in the Northern Territory, and the
13:
1516:, Sydney, and the privately owned
1431:
50:
14:
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1782:The spread of people to Australia
1483:at the Albert Namatjira Gallery,
1446:Category:Australian photographers
1385:art then emerging pre-WW2 in the
1020:Mount Arapiles and the Mitre Rock
686:, and convict artists, including
539:man. His landscapes inspired the
2506:
2237:Fairley, Gina (16 August 2017).
2123:State Library of New South Wales
2051:Melbourne University Press, 2006
1644:Australian feminist art timeline
1561:State Library of New South Wales
1553:Art Gallery of Western Australia
1545:Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery
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1156:Exhibition of 9 by 5 Impressions
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666:British colonization (1788–1850)
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2855:Phoenix Prize for Spiritual Art
2455:Design and Art Australia Online
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2290:Japingka Aboriginal Art Gallery
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2005:Australian Painting: 1788–2000.
1971:
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1527:Other institutions include the
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591:University of Western Australia
459:Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park
2529:Federated States of Micronesia
1979:"The Scott sisters collection"
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1723:Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park
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1529:Art Gallery of South Australia
1506:Art Gallery of New South Wales
988:Art Gallery of South Australia
587:Australian National University
564:Art Gallery of New South Wales
1:
2025:National Gallery of Australia
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1498:National Gallery of Australia
1442:Category:Australian sculptors
948:Summer Afternoon, Templestowe
877:
659:The Kongouro from New Holland
615:The Kongouro from New Holland
556:National Gallery of Australia
508:
2840:National New Media Art Award
2450:Australian Video Art Archive
1537:National Museum of Australia
1510:National Gallery of Victoria
1460:National Gallery of Victoria
1037:Black Thursday, February 6th
1004:Group of Natives of Tasmania
974:National Gallery of Victoria
521:National Gallery of Victoria
7:
1795:"The Indigenous Collection"
1617:
1541:Canberra Museum and Gallery
549:Western Desert Art Movement
424:region of Western Australia
390:Western Desert Art Movement
10:
3908:
1487:Cultural Precinct, in 2007
1464:
1438:List of Australian artists
1435:
1159:very fleeting character."
451:Gwion Gwion rock paintings
403:
3831:
3729:
3599:
3590:
3481:
3472:
3419:
3295:Intelligence and security
3221:
3212:
3180:
3085:
3076:
3011:
2953:
2944:
2743:
2620:
2597:
2514:
2445:Craft Australia's website
2217:The Sydney Morning Herald
1835:Australian Indigenous art
1518:Museum of Old and New Art
1395:Australian Academy of Art
1299:George Washington Lambert
961:painters, and so using a
719:Charles-Alexandre Lesueur
601:Early European depictions
525:Ballarat Fine Art Gallery
434:Indigenous Australian art
384:, the Central Australian
2680:Northern Mariana Islands
1728:27 December 2009 at the
1649:Photography in Australia
1520:in Hobart, Tasmania and
1399:Contemporary Art Society
1166:, who won the inaugural
388:watercolorists, and the
380:plein air painters, the
26:This article is part of
2845:National Works on Paper
2645:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
2190:Le Paulmier Photography
2136:"Resale Royalty Scheme"
1746:29 January 2013 at the
1573:1987 stock market crash
653:Portrait of a Large Dog
337:is a broad spectrum of
3689:Indigenous Australians
3190:States and territories
1758:* ABC Online 10.02.09
1699:"Kakadu National Park"
1557:Castlemaine Art Museum
1488:
1462:
1356:Droving into the Light
1125:
1080:
972:eventually became the
951:
899:
750:Aboriginal Australians
706:
619:
501:
463:Sydney rock engravings
430:Aboriginal Australians
425:
55:
2983:Territorial evolution
2860:Photographic portrait
2793:Fremantle Print Award
2737:Australian art awards
2098:. Rigby. p. 36.
1855:"Hermannsburg School"
1841:16 April 2010 at the
1703:parksaustralia.gov.au
1502:Gallery of Modern Art
1478:
1458:
1117:
1069:
945:
893:
770:Aboriginal Tasmanians
713:, who travelled with
700:
632:botanical illustrator
608:
560:Torres Strait Islands
495:
416:
374:Indigenous Australian
97:Monarchy of Australia
54:
3429:Cabinet of Australia
3404:Government ministers
3172:World Heritage Sites
2978:European exploration
2875:Sculpture by the Sea
2810:Gold Coast Art Prize
2315:Michael Reid Gallery
1522:White Rabbit Gallery
1216:Frederick McCubbin,
1201:A holiday at Mentone
1018:Nicholas Chevalier,
894:Eugene von Guérard,
692:Port Jackson Painter
447:Kakadu National Park
418:Gwion Gwion rock art
409:Indigenous Australia
341:created in or about
283:World Heritage Sites
3501:Gross state product
2800:Gallipoli Art Prize
1837:, australia.gov.au
1784:, Australian Museum
1551:in Darwin, and the
1375:Australian Tonalist
904:Victorian gold rush
583:Griffith University
571:Griffith University
541:Hermannsburg School
386:Hermannsburg School
110:Arts and literature
3819:Australian studies
3754:Australian English
3563:Telecommunications
3399:Government leaders
3342:Political ideology
1900:on 17 January 2012
1489:
1463:
1126:
1101:Frederick McCubbin
1081:
952:
933:John Skinner Prout
925:Nicholas Chevalier
921:Eugene von Guerard
900:
707:
620:
545:Elizabeth Durack's
502:
426:
56:
3874:
3873:
3827:
3826:
3649:Human trafficking
3586:
3585:
3468:
3467:
3268:Foreign relations
3208:
3207:
3072:
3071:
3019:Asian Australians
2900:
2899:
2870:Salon des Refusés
2703:
2702:
2695:Wallis and Futuna
2627:other territories
2599:Associated states
2243:ArtsHub Australia
1946:Christopher Allen
1805:on 7 October 2010
1624:Arts in Australia
1304:Miss Thea Proctor
1250:Arthur Streeton,
1234:E. Phillips Fox,
1132:Shearing the Rams
1121:Shearing the Rams
1085:Heidelberg School
1052:H. J. Johnstone,
762:Benjamin Duterrau
650:' 1772 paintings
595:Rock Art Research
517:Ian Potter Centre
428:The ancestors of
378:Heidelberg School
332:
331:
41:
3899:
3854:
3847:
3840:
3716:Waste management
3597:
3596:
3518:Household income
3479:
3478:
3441:Governor-General
3251:Electoral system
3219:
3218:
3083:
3082:
2951:
2950:
2927:
2920:
2913:
2904:
2903:
2885:Waterhouse Prize
2865:Ramsay Art Prize
2730:
2723:
2716:
2707:
2706:
2685:Pitcairn Islands
2655:French Polynesia
2640:Christmas Island
2564:Papua New Guinea
2544:Marshall Islands
2516:Sovereign states
2501:
2494:
2487:
2478:
2477:
2422:
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2192:. 22 August 2019
2182:
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2076:
2073:
2064:
2058:
2052:
2045:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2022:
2014:
2008:
2002:
1983:
1982:
1975:
1969:
1966:
1949:
1940:
1927:
1921:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1896:. Archived from
1890:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1865:
1859:
1858:
1851:
1845:
1832:
1826:
1821:
1815:
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1812:
1810:
1791:
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1779:
1773:
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1756:
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1738:
1732:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1679:on 16 April 2010
1669:"Indigenous art"
1665:
1481:Albert Namatjira
1410:Russell Drysdale
1350:
1332:
1316:
1295:
1247:
1231:
1213:
1198:Charles Conder,
1195:
1180:Vincent van Gogh
1076:Vincent van Gogh
1049:
1034:William Strutt,
1031:
1015:
1002:Robert Dowling,
999:
914:William Piguenit
879:
874:Campbell's Wharf
872:Conrad Martens,
869:
856:Augustus Earle,
853:
834:
821:Thomas Watling,
818:
715:Matthew Flinders
628:Sydney Parkinson
533:Albert Namatjira
529:Margaret Preston
510:
441:listed sites at
363:Contemporary art
324:
317:
310:
298:Australia portal
295:
272:National colours
90:Multiculturalism
44:
39:
31:
21:
20:
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3823:
3784:Public holidays
3725:
3669:Life expectancy
3582:
3464:
3415:
3204:
3176:
3162:Protected areas
3068:
3007:
2940:
2931:
2901:
2896:
2815:Helen Lempriere
2773:Conrad Jupiters
2739:
2734:
2704:
2699:
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2593:
2574:Solomon Islands
2510:
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2011:
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1952:
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1930:
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1848:
1843:Wayback Machine
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1748:Wayback Machine
1739:
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1730:Wayback Machine
1721:
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1662:
1657:
1620:
1608:
1569:
1547:in Hobart, the
1494:
1473:
1453:
1448:
1434:
1432:List of artists
1367:
1360:
1351:
1342:
1335:Elioth Gruner,
1333:
1324:
1317:
1308:
1296:
1264:
1257:
1248:
1239:
1232:
1223:
1214:
1205:
1196:
1172:Jane Sutherland
1095:established in
1093:Arthur Streeton
1064:
1057:
1054:Evening Shadows
1050:
1041:
1032:
1023:
1016:
1007:
1000:
984:Evening Shadows
959:Barbizon school
946:Louis Buvelot,
902:From 1851, the
888:
881:
870:
861:
854:
845:
838:William Westall
835:
826:
819:
781:Claude Lorraine
758:New South Wales
711:Ferdinand Bauer
668:
624:natural history
603:
496:William Barak,
461:in Sydney. The
411:
406:
328:
296:
276:
141:Performing arts
139:
81:
42:
38:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3905:
3895:
3894:
3892:Art by country
3889:
3887:Australian art
3872:
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3869:
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3863:
3856:
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3616:
3611:
3606:
3600:
3594:
3588:
3587:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3580:
3578:Welfare system
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3553:Superannuation
3550:
3548:Stock exchange
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3514:
3513:
3511:Public housing
3506:Home ownership
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3482:
3476:
3470:
3469:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3462:
3461:
3460:
3453:Prime Minister
3450:
3449:
3448:
3438:
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3425:
3423:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3411:Shadow Cabinet
3408:
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3401:
3391:
3389:Public Service
3386:
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3379:
3374:
3369:
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3265:
3263:Federal budget
3260:
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3209:
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3097:
3095:Climate change
3092:
3086:
3080:
3074:
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3070:
3069:
3067:
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3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
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3031:
3026:
3024:Constitutional
3021:
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3006:
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3000:
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2677:
2675:Norfolk Island
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2635:American Samoa
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2618:
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2430:
2429:External links
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2327:
2302:
2277:
2255:
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2203:
2177:
2161:"Artforum.com"
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2009:
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1164:Walter Withers
1152:Impressionists
1144:Bastien-Lepage
1105:Charles Conder
1063:
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1044:
1042:
1040:(detail), 1864
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929:William Strutt
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820:
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807:Augustus Earle
799:Charles Darwin
791:Conrad Martens
766:Robert Dowling
754:Augustus Earle
723:Nicolas Baudin
688:Thomas Watling
667:
664:
602:
599:
410:
407:
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398:Postmodern art
394:High modernism
335:Australian art
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3684:Ethnic groups
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3523:Manufacturing
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3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3377:Republicanism
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3332:National debt
3330:
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2671:
2670:New Caledonia
2668:
2666:
2663:
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2653:
2651:
2650:Easter Island
2648:
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2369:. 10 May 2019
2368:
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2259:
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2240:
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2166:
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2156:
2141:
2137:
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2124:
2120:
2115:
2107:
2105:9780859020138
2101:
2097:
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2088:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2072:
2070:
2062:
2057:
2050:
2044:
2042:
2026:
2019:
2013:
2006:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1980:
1974:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1947:
1944:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1926:
1922:
1915:
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1874:
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1534:
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1519:
1515:
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1507:
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1499:
1486:
1485:Alice Springs
1482:
1477:
1472:
1468:
1461:
1457:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1429:
1425:
1423:
1419:
1418:Albert Tucker
1415:
1411:
1407:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1371:Elioth Gruner
1365:1920s onwards
1358:
1357:
1353:Hans Heysen,
1349:
1344:
1340:
1339:
1331:
1326:
1322:
1319:Hugh Ramsay,
1315:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1300:
1294:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1276:Elioth Gruner
1273:
1269:
1255:
1254:
1246:
1241:
1237:
1230:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1194:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1170:in 1896, and
1169:
1165:
1160:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1136:
1134:
1133:
1123:
1122:
1118:Tom Roberts,
1116:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1068:
1055:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1014:
1009:
1005:
998:
993:
992:
991:
989:
985:
981:
977:
975:
969:
966:
965:
960:
956:
955:Louis Buvelot
949:
944:
940:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
917:
915:
911:
909:
905:
897:
892:
875:
868:
863:
859:
852:
847:
843:
839:
833:
828:
824:
817:
812:
811:
810:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
786:
785:Salvator Rosa
782:
778:
773:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
746:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
704:
701:John Glover,
699:
695:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
672:
663:
661:
660:
655:
654:
649:
648:George Stubbs
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
617:
616:
611:
610:George Stubbs
607:
598:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
579:Jack Thompson
576:
572:
568:
565:
561:
557:
552:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
506:
505:William Barak
499:
494:
490:
488:
484:
479:
475:
470:
468:
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460:
456:
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448:
444:
440:
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423:
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401:
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391:
387:
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379:
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371:
366:
364:
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352:
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344:
340:
336:
325:
320:
318:
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311:
306:
305:
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302:
299:
294:
290:
289:
284:
281:
279:
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268:
265:
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212:
210:
207:
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202:
201:
200:
197:
195:
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
176:
175:
174:
170:
169:
162:
161:Pro wrestling
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
147:
144:
143:
142:
138:
134:
131:
130:
129:
126:
124:
121:
119:
116:
115:
114:
113:
109:
108:
103:
100:
98:
95:
91:
88:
86:
83:
82:
80:
77:
75:
72:
70:
67:
66:
65:
64:
60:
59:
53:
49:
48:
45:
36:
35:
32:
29:
23:
22:
19:
3852:Bibliography
3743:
3739:Architecture
3696:Prostitution
3679:Demographics
3644:Homelessness
3543:Reserve Bank
3357:Conservatism
3305:Constitution
3273:Human rights
3231:Constitution
3182:Subdivisions
2963:Bibliography
2850:Portia Geach
2622:Dependencies
2607:Cook Islands
2523:
2508:Oceanian art
2414:. Retrieved
2405:
2393:. Retrieved
2383:
2371:. Retrieved
2366:The Guardian
2364:
2355:
2343:. Retrieved
2339:
2330:
2318:. Retrieved
2314:
2305:
2293:. Retrieved
2289:
2280:
2268:. Retrieved
2258:
2246:. Retrieved
2242:
2232:
2220:. Retrieved
2216:
2206:
2194:. Retrieved
2189:
2180:
2168:. Retrieved
2165:artforum.com
2164:
2155:
2143:. Retrieved
2139:
2129:
2114:
2094:
2056:
2048:
2028:. Retrieved
2024:
2012:
2004:
1973:
1942:
1914:
1902:. Retrieved
1898:the original
1888:
1876:. Retrieved
1872:
1863:
1849:
1830:
1819:
1807:. Retrieved
1803:the original
1798:
1789:
1777:
1766:
1754:
1736:
1718:
1706:. Retrieved
1702:
1693:
1683:26 September
1681:. Retrieved
1677:the original
1672:
1663:
1609:
1596:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1570:
1526:
1495:
1492:Institutions
1465:Main pages:
1436:Main pages:
1426:
1421:
1414:Sidney Nolan
1403:
1391:Heide Circle
1368:
1354:
1338:Spring Frost
1336:
1320:
1302:
1280:Rupert Bunny
1265:
1251:
1236:Art Students
1235:
1217:
1199:
1184:Claude Monet
1176:John Russell
1161:
1137:
1130:
1127:
1119:
1108:
1082:
1074:
1071:John Russell
1053:
1035:
1019:
1003:
983:
978:
970:
962:
953:
947:
918:
912:
901:
895:
873:
857:
841:
822:
789:
774:
747:
742:
739:Helena Scott
708:
702:
680:George Raper
673:
669:
657:
651:
640:Joseph Banks
621:
613:
553:
503:
497:
471:
427:
367:
353:, Colonial,
334:
333:
262:Coat of arms
241:Video gaming
122:
118:Architecture
24:
18:
3814:Anglosphere
3654:Immigration
3619:Citizenship
3486:Agriculture
3372:Nationalism
3315:Enforcement
3288:Transgender
3122:Earthquakes
3110:Environment
3044:Immigration
2973:Archaeology
2554:New Zealand
2416:13 February
2391:(in French)
2140:arts.gov.au
1904:16 December
1634:Australiana
1479:Picture of
1379:Max Meldrum
1321:The Sisters
1284:Hugh Ramsay
1272:Hans Heysen
1168:Wynne Prize
1089:Tom Roberts
777:John Glover
684:John Hunter
676:First Fleet
382:Antipodeans
347:prehistoric
85:Immigration
40:Culture of
3881:Categories
3804:Television
3774:Literature
3659:Irreligion
3639:Healthcare
3634:Euthanasia
3614:Censorship
3421:Government
3367:Liberalism
3337:Parliament
3049:Indigenous
3039:Federation
3029:Diplomatic
3003:Since 1945
2968:Prehistory
2783:Doug Moran
2753:Bald Archy
2473:(archived)
2467:(archived)
1873:nga.gov.au
1809:6 December
1655:References
1600:Sylvia Ken
1567:Art market
1219:Bush Idyll
1097:Heidelberg
908:S. T. Gill
803:HMS Beagle
731:John Gould
727:John Lewin
636:James Cook
589:, and the
575:Paul Taçon
513:Wurundjeri
498:Corroboree
483:Queensland
351:Aboriginal
204:Newspapers
128:Literature
3711:Squatting
3664:Languages
3629:Education
3609:Aged care
3573:Transport
3382:Socialism
3362:Far-right
3352:Christian
3347:Anarchism
3310:Judiciary
3246:Donations
3241:Elections
3152:Mountains
3100:Continent
3078:Geography
2998:1901–1945
2993:1851–1900
2988:1788–1850
2934:Australia
2820:McCaughey
2768:Clemenger
2748:Archibald
2524:Australia
2395:27 August
2373:27 August
2345:27 August
2320:27 August
2295:27 August
2270:27 August
2248:27 August
2222:27 August
2196:27 August
2170:27 August
2145:27 August
2030:27 August
1878:27 August
1708:27 August
1612:Neuchâtel
1420:, in his
1383:Modernist
1268:federated
1109:plein air
964:plein air
937:Knud Bull
487:Dreamtime
481:found in
422:Kimberley
355:Landscape
343:Australia
278:Monuments
231:Mythology
184:Festivals
43:Australia
3861:Category
3706:Religion
3604:Abortion
3558:Taxation
3327:Monarchy
3322:Military
3278:Intersex
3214:Politics
3195:Capitals
3059:Monarchy
3054:Military
3034:Economic
3012:By topic
2958:Timeline
2938:articles
2825:Mandorla
2788:Fleurieu
2539:Kiribati
2340:SBS News
1839:Archived
1744:Archived
1726:Archived
1618:See also
1594:trend."
1504:and the
1422:Explorer
1389:and the
805:(as had
795:Romantic
743:Platypus
644:platypus
543:of art.
537:Arrernte
523:and the
478:Altamira
467:Murujuga
224:Internet
189:Folklore
102:Religion
74:Language
28:a series
3838:Outline
3809:Theatre
3799:Symbols
3764:Cuisine
3731:Culture
3592:Society
3568:Tourism
3538:Poverty
3474:Economy
3256:Parties
3157:Regions
3147:Islands
3142:Geology
3137:Forests
3105:Deserts
3090:Climate
3064:Railway
2946:History
2835:NATSIAA
2763:Bowness
2690:Tokelau
2589:Vanuatu
1925:YouTube
1406:Outback
1148:Courbet
735:Harriet
519:of the
474:Lascaux
453:in the
420:in the
404:History
370:Western
359:Atelier
249:Symbols
179:Cuisine
156:Theatre
69:History
61:Society
3866:Portal
3759:Cinema
3701:Racism
3674:People
3533:Mining
3496:Energy
3491:Dollar
3236:Courts
3226:Asylum
3200:Cities
3167:Rivers
3115:issues
2936:
2880:Sulman
2830:Mosman
2805:Glover
2778:Dobell
2665:Hawaii
2584:Tuvalu
2102:
1543:, the
1539:, the
1535:, the
1500:, the
1444:, and
1359:, 1921
1341:, 1918
1323:, 1904
1307:, 1903
1256:, 1896
1238:, 1895
1222:, 1893
1204:, 1888
1140:Millet
1124:, 1890
1079:, 1886
1056:, 1880
1022:, 1863
1006:, 1860
950:, 1866
898:, 1863
860:, 1838
844:, 1802
825:, 1794
717:, and
705:, 1835
630:, the
618:, 1772
500:, 1895
439:UNESCO
361:, and
267:Anthem
236:Sports
214:Cinema
194:Humour
133:Comics
79:People
30:on the
3845:Index
3794:Sport
3789:Radio
3779:Music
3769:Dance
3721:Women
3624:Crime
3528:Media
3394:Women
3132:Fauna
3127:Flora
2890:Wynne
2758:Blake
2579:Tonga
2569:Samoa
2559:Palau
2549:Nauru
2021:(PDF)
443:Uluru
209:Radio
199:Media
171:Other
151:Music
146:Dance
3749:Arts
3458:list
3446:list
3434:list
3283:LGBT
2660:Guam
2612:Niue
2534:Fiji
2418:2020
2397:2020
2375:2020
2347:2020
2322:2020
2297:2020
2272:2020
2250:2020
2224:2020
2198:2020
2172:2020
2147:2020
2100:ISBN
2032:2020
1906:2011
1880:2020
1811:2010
1710:2020
1685:2010
1469:and
1412:and
1286:.
1282:and
1274:and
1182:and
1146:and
1091:and
935:and
880:1857
783:and
760:and
737:and
682:and
656:and
554:The
476:and
445:and
396:and
372:and
257:Flag
3744:Art
3300:Law
2624:and
1923:on
809:).
801:on
756:in
634:on
527:).
365:.
339:art
123:Art
3883::
2363:.
2338:.
2313:.
2288:.
2241:.
2215:.
2188:.
2163:.
2138:.
2121:,
2080:^
2068:^
2040:^
2023:.
1987:^
1953:^
1931:^
1871:.
1797:.
1701:.
1671:.
1440:,
1301:,
1142:,
1103:,
1073:,
939:.
931:,
927:,
923:,
878:c.
876:,
840:,
772:.
764:,
612:,
585:,
573:,
509:c.
489:.
400:.
357:,
219:TV
2926:e
2919:t
2912:v
2729:e
2722:t
2715:v
2500:e
2493:t
2486:v
2420:.
2399:.
2377:.
2349:.
2324:.
2299:.
2274:.
2252:.
2226:.
2200:.
2174:.
2149:.
2108:.
2034:.
1981:.
1908:.
1882:.
1857:.
1813:.
1712:.
1687:.
507:(
323:e
316:t
309:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
