1192:(…) when Michael, one of the princes of Russia, came to submit to Bati, the Tartars first tried to make him pass between two fires. After this they said that he should bow south to Chingis Khan, but he replied that he would gladly bow to Bati and his servants but not to the image of a dead man because this is improper for a Christian. When he was repeatedly told through his son Yaroslav that he must bow, and yet he refused, Bati ordered Prince Michael killed if he would not bow. Prince Michael of Chernigov was passed between fires in accordance with ancient Turco-Mongol tradition. Batu Khan sent to stab him to death for his refusal to do obeisance to Chingis Khaan's shrine in the pagan ritual imposed by the conqueror. The prince replied that he "preferred to die rather than do what was wrong". Bati sent Michael to one of his followers who trampled on his chest with his boots until the prince died. Meanwhile the prince comforted one of his soldiers who stood near by him by saying: 'Be strong because your punishment will not last long and then at once eternal joy will follow.' After this his head was cut off quickly with a knife. The soldier, to tell the truth, also had his head cut off with a knife.
598:
575:
901:
749:
812:
654:. It is noteworthy that the chroniclers accuse neither Mikhail nor Oleg of wrongdoing which suggests that each had a just cause. During the winter of 1227, Yuri Vsevolodovich, and his nephews (prince Vasilko Konstantinovich of Rostov and prince Vsevolod Konstantinovich of Pereyaslavl) came to help Mikhail against Oleg Svyatoslavich; in addition to them, Metropolitan Kirill I of Kiev also helped to reconcile Mikhail with Oleg who evidently became the prince of Novgorod Seversk.
516:
1202:
853:'s pact with Mikhail, and seemingly relinquished his claim to Halych and also agreed to give Mikhail military aid. At the beginning of the summer of 1236, Daniil Romanovich and his brother Vasilko Romanovich rallied their troops to march against Mikhail. However, he barricaded himself in Halych with his retinue, the local militia, and a contingent of Hungarians. Dissuaded from taking Halych, they sought to assuage their frustration by seizing its northern outpost of
740:
to bring troops by 14 September, but it was already
December and he had not come. In this way Yaroslav Vsevolodovich's supporters evicted the Olgovichi from Novgorod, as it turned out, for the last time. They summoned Yaroslav Vsevolodovich and he came on December 30. Meanwhile, a core of dissenters found refuge with Mikhail; to secure his hegemony over Novgorod, therefore, Yaroslav Vsevolodovich had to stop Mikhail from giving them support.
789:
and set fire to the outer town hoping to make
Mikhail submit. He, however, promised Daniil Romanovich many gifts if he would desert Vladimir III. Daniil Romanovich agreed and attempted to persuade Vladimir to lift the siege; but Mikhail sallied out of Chernigov at night, caught Daniil Romanovich's troops by surprise, and killed many of them. His brother-in-law barely escaped and was forced to withdraw to the Kievan land.
865:
1236; but he failed to consolidate his rule and returned to
Suzdalia. After appointing his son to rule Halych, Mikhail came to Kiev where he entered uncontested. Soon after occupying Kiev, he and his son attacked Przemyśl and took it back from Daniil Romanovich. The people of Halych, however, summoned Daniil Romanovich around 1237, and installed him as prince; Mikhail's son fled to king Béla IV and all the
964:, Mikhail received a warm welcome from his uncle, but he decided that the expedient course of action was to seek reconciliation and sent envoys to his brother-in-law. Mikhail pledged never again to antagonize Daniil Romanovich and forswore making any future attempts on Halych. Daniil Romanovich invited him to Volhynia, returned his wife, and relinquished control of Kiev. In the face of the
1045:, where Batu Khan appointed him senior prince in Rus'. After returning to Suzdal, he sent his commander to rule Kiev. Accordingly, some time during the second part of that year, Mikhail abandoned his court on the island below Kiev and returned to Chernigov. But even there his authority was insecure: like all the other princes of Rus', he had to obtain Batu Khan's patent
732:, placed a moratorium on the payment of tribute for five years on those peasants who had fled to other lands and agreed to return to their Novgorodian homes, and lessened the tax burden of the common people. After spending some three months in Novgorod, Mikhail returned home. When he departed from Novgorod, he designated his son
1263:, he was one of its most powerful princes. He has been accused of ineffective leadership because he failed to unite the princes of Rus' against the invaders; in his defense, Dimnik argued that this was an impossible task. Dimnik surmised that Mikhail was the first prince of the Olgovichi (the dynasty of Chernigov) to become a
971:
Towards the end of 1240, Batu Khan encircled Kiev with his troops, and the town fell on
December 6. On learning Kiev's fate, Mikhail withdrew from Volhynia and for the second time imposed himself on his maternal uncle's good graces. When, however, the Mongols also threatened Mazovia, he traveled west
788:
threatened to attack Daniil
Romanovich if he refused to release them. Although Vladimir renewed his pact with Daniil Romanovich, Mikhail and Iziaslav Vladimirovich continued waging war against them. In January 1235, Vladimir Rurikovich and Daniil Romanovich attacked Chernigov, plundered the environs
764:
In the autumn of 1231, Yaroslav
Vsevolodovich attacked the northwest district of the Vyatichi lands. He set fire to Serensk (which was most likely the administrative center of Mikhail's patrimony), but when he besieged Mosalsk, he failed to take it. Yaroslav, however, refused to conclude peace which
1029:
had finally been realized. He therefore rode to
Hungary expecting to negotiate the agreements that normally accompanied such an alliance. However, his hopes were dashed: the king and his son rebuffed him when he came to the king's court. Mikhail, greatly angered by his son, returned empty-handed to
739:
In May 1230 he returned to
Novgorod where he installed his son on the throne. Before departing, he promised the Novgorodians to return with troops by 14 September. On 8 December the Novgorodians forced Rostislav Mikhailovich to flee to his father on just the feeble pretext that Mikhail had promised
457:
at his disposal, to vacate
Pereyaslavl, and thus he withdrew to his father in Chernigov. Some time in the summer of 1207, his father occupied again Kiev, but in October, Rurik Rostislavich rode to Kiev, drove out Vsevolod Svyatoslavich for the second time and occupied the town; Mikhail accompanied
29:
864:
Meanwhile, grand prince Yuri II Vsevolodovich of
Vladimir and Daniil Romanovich formed a pact, forced Vladimir Ryurikovich, who had replaced Izyaslav Mstislavich, to vacate Kiev, and appointed Yury Vsevolodovich's brother Yaroslav Vsevolodovich to the town. The latter arrived in Kiev around March
369:
585:
Mikhail was probably among the first survivors who returned to Chernigov. The chronicles do not tell us that Mikhail replaced Mstislav II Svyatoslavich as prince of Chernigov, but later evidence reveals that after his uncle's demise he sat on the throne of his father and grandfather in the
927:
invasion began early in 1239; on March 3 one contingent took Pereyaslavl and set fire to it. Not long after Pereyaslavl fell, it would appear, Mikhail went to Kamenets, and organized a general evacuation of his retinue from Kiev. However, Yaroslav Vsevolodovich in Suzdalia got word of his
842:(his maternal uncle) who had broken off friendly ties with Daniil Romanovich. The size of his attacking force suggests that he intended to capture his brother-in-law's capital of Volodymyr-Volynskyi. However, the Cumans plundered the Galician lands forcing Mikhail to abandon his campaign.
2455:
959:
Meanwhile, Mikhail had arrived in Hungary where he attempted to arrange a marriage for his son Rostislav Mikhailovich with the king's daughter. In the light of Mikhail's plight, Béla IV saw no advantage to forming such an alliance and evicted Mikhail and his son from Hungary. In
543:. Unable to withstand the onslaught, the Cumans fled to Rus' warning the princes that if they refused to send aid the same fate would befall them. At the war council of the Rus' princes it was decided not to wait for the coming of the Tatars but to attack them deep in the Cuman
630:
Mikhail went to Novgorod, where he acted as Yuri Vsevolodovich's appointee and not as an autonomous ruler, with the intention of returning to Chernigov. One of his most important tasks was to recover the Novgorodians' wares that Yuri Vsevolodovich had confiscated at
928:
destination; he besieged Kamenets, captured Mikhail's wife, and seized much booty, but Mikhail escaped and returned to Kiev. When Daniil Romanovich learnt that his sister (Mikhail's wife) was being held captive, he asked Yaroslav Vsevolodovich to send her to him.
590:. The ceremony probably took place around 16 June. Because princes of his generation predeceased him and had no heirs, Mikhail, in his capacity as senior prince, assumed control over a number of their domains. This accumulation of territories made him the largest
1228:
His wife survived him and promoted his cult. His daughter Maria and her sons, Boris and Gleb Vasilkovich, inaugurated the Feast of the Miracle-Workers of Chernigov, on September 20, and built a church in their honor. Her sister, Feodula who had become the
765:
signaled to Mikhail that he was prepared to pursue his objective until Mikhail expelled the Novgorodian fugitives from his lands. Towards the end of 1231 Vnezd Vodovik died in Chernigov; Mikhail had been bound to support Vodovik owing to their mutual
1067:. Mikhail agreed to bow to the khan, but he insulted the Mongol by refusing to obey his command to worship idols. Allegedly enraged by the prince's retort, Batu Khan ordered that he be put to death. He was executed by Doman of Putivls, and Fedor his
760:
In the summer or autumn of 1231, Mikhail waged war against grand prince Vladimir III of Kiev who sent an appeal for help to Daniil Romanovich (Mikhail's brother-in-law). We are told that Daniil Romanovich came and pacified the two princes.
453:) from Pereyaslavl, and gave the town to Mikhail. However, Rurik Rostislavich was determined to regain control of Kiev, and expelled Vsevolod Svyatoslavich with relative ease. Rurik Rostislavich also ordered Mikhail, who had only a small
1152:
1450) that an extensive narrative of his demise appears, stating that the bodies of Mikhail and Fedor were thrown to the dogs; but as a sign of divine favor, their bodies remained unmolested and pillars of fire hovered over them. The
423:
and ordered a stone cross to be erected, according to one source on 16 May 1186, on the spot where he was cured. Although the event is reported only in late sources and embellished with pious details, the account has a ring of truth.
826:
s rebelled and forced him to flee to Hungary. Towards the end of September, Mikhail occupied Halych, while his comrade-in-arms, Izyaslav Vladimirovich seized Kamenets. In the spring of 1236, Mikhail attacked Daniil Romanovich in
720:
and also removed his other administrators. After levying heavy fines on Yaroslav Vsevolodovich's supporters, the Novgorodians used the money for the benefit of the entire community by paying for the construction of a new bridge.
649:
About a year after Mikhail returned to Chernigov, it appears he became involved in a dynastic dispute: Oleg Svyatoslavich of Kursk prepared to wage war on him. The available evidence suggests that the bone of contention was
496:
occupied Kiev. Vsevolod Svyatoslavich fled from Kiev, probably accompanied by Mikhail, for the third time and sought safety in Chernigov where he died sometime in August 1212. Mikhail probably inherited Bryn, Serensk, and
1114:. It is unclear when this account was written (at least after the Mongol census in Suzdalia and Novgorod in 1257–59), and how historically reliable it is. Mikhail's death is briefly mentioned in the Older Recension of
1216:
The chronicle narrative accounts show that the people of Rus' acknowledged Mikhail and Fedor as martyrs immediately after their deaths. Accordingly, their bodies were later brought to Chernigov and entombed in a
619:. Yuri Vsevolodovich, therefore, proposed that they accept Mikhail as prince. The Novgorodians agreed and, in March 1225, Mikhail occupied Novgorod. Nevertheless, Yuri Vsevolodovich demanded the sum of 7,000
635:
and in his own domain. Before departing from Novgorod, Mikhail invited the townsmen to send merchants to Chernigov and declared that their lands and his would be as one. After he departed from Novgorod, the
1252:, where they were placed in the cathedral of Saint Michael the Archangel. In times of oppressions particularly, these martyrs have been regarded by the Russians as their special representatives before God.
690:
Vyacheslav and appointed Boris Negochevich in his place, and invited Yaroslav Vsevolodovich to return according to a new agreement. They insisted that he abide by all their terms and by all the laws of
1025:
On learning that Béla IV had given his daughter in marriage to his son, Rostislav Mikhailovich (who had fled to the Hungarians) in 1242, Mikhail believed that his efforts to form an alliance with the
615:
when Yuri Vsevolodovich learnt of his son's flight. Yuri Vsevolodovich threatened the Novgorodians to attack; in response, they confirmed their loyalty to him but made a pact to die in the defense of
1022:
was razed). Significantly, Batu Khan's man did not challenge his arrival thereby indicating that the Mongols were willing to let refugee princes return to their ravaged towns without obstruction.
611:
of Vladimir as their overlord, but they frequently challenged his appointment of princes. In 1224, his son, Vsevolod Yuryevich had to flee from Novgorod. It appears that Mikhail was already in
1167:, including claims that the Mongols already established a system of military governors and tax collectors in all cities of Kievan Rus' in 1237–1240, which is historically very unlikely.
935:, who had occupied Chernigov on October 18, sent messengers to Kiev proposing peace, but Mikhail refused to submit. During the first half of 1240, we are told, Batu Khan sent
857:, but its citizens repelled the attack. After the Hungarian troops had departed, Daniil Romanovich tried again; Mikhail attempted to placate his brother-in-law by giving him
707:) fled to their father. The Novgorodians got word to Mikhail, and he set out for Novgorod upon receiving the invitation; he arrived in Novgorod around the beginning of May.
566:. There was no unity of command in the Russian army. The results were disastrous: most princes, including Mstislav II Svyatoslavich of Chernigov, perished during the fight.
989:
681:. However, they failed to take Kamenets whose ability to withstand the siege is all the more impressive because Vladimir III allegedly attacked with all his allies.
956:
s took advantage of the opportunities that presented themselves to seize power: Rostislav Mstislavich seized Kiev, but he was evicted by Daniil Romanovich.
1052:
By the end of 1245, only Mikhail from among the three senior princes had not yet kowtowed to the conqueror. In the end, Mikhail went in time to pre-empt a
1012:
to Kiev. Unable to return to his court on the citadel because Batu Khan's official had presumably occupied it, he took up residence on an island near the
838:
s, the princes of Bolokhoveni, and troops from the Kievan land. He also sent Izyaslav Vladimirovich to bring the Cumans; and finally, he summoned duke
3042:
984:, where the local inhabitants attacked Mikhail's train; they plundered his goods and killed a number of his people including his granddaughter. The
1233:
Evfrosinia also advanced his cult to judge from a 17th-century account which reports the existence of a wooden chapel in Suzdal dedicated to them.
889:
sent his brother, Ingvar Ingvarevich, to Chernigov to seek help from Mikhail, but he sent no troops to the beleaguered princes. On 21 December the
289:
Archaeological evidence reveals that Chernigov towns enjoyed an unprecedented degree of prosperity during his period which suggests that promoting
2777:
2752:
509:
920:, and they struggled 7 weeks to crush it. Archaeological evidence reveals that Mikhail's domains of Mosalsk and Serensk suffered the same fate.
3037:
551:, and the first skirmish took place on the banks of the river. In this vanguard battle Mstislav Mstislavich the Bold succeeded in defeating a
808:
Novgorod, pay redemption-fees for their goods, and then appointed his puppet, Izyaslav Mstislavich (one of the Rostislavichi) to the throne.
916:, who had routed Yuri II Vsevolodovich's troops and killed him, continued their march, and in the Vyatichi lands they came upon the town of
3047:
2794:
2992:
461:
No sources report Mikhail's marriage, but evidence suggests that he married Elena Romanovna (or Maria Romanovna), a daughter of prince
1844:
of the 14th and 15th centuries were reigned by the "upper princes", each of which descended from Mikhail Vsevolodovich of Chernigov.
2959:
1321:
505:
182:
75:
2987:
939:
to reconnoiter Kiev; when his messengers came to Mikhail for the second time seeking to coax him into submitting, he defied the
493:
3032:
2864:
2665:
2627:
1041:. Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich of Suzdal was the first to respond to the summons: at the beginning of 1243, he traveled to
1209:
1110:
of Michael of Chernigov was written some time after his death, describing his life in detail, and framing his execution as
578:
1182:
who travelled through the lands of former Kievan Rus' in the late 1240s, wrote the following account of his death in the
387:
of Kiev gave much wealth to churches in unsuccessful attempts to obtain a cure. Finally, he heard of the miracle-worker
2460:
897:, and they plundered the treasures of the inhabitants including the wealth of their relatives from Kiev and Chernigov.
616:
601:
597:
2683:
2643:
2532:
2473:
1260:
724:
Mikhail's pro-Novgorod legislation included granting the town officials some of the prince's power: he permitted the
333:
1847:
In the second half of the 19th century, many family branches stemming from Mikhail flourished: the Baryatinsky, the
792:
Mikhail waited until Iziaslav Vladimirovich brought the Cumans and then rode in pursuit. The two sides clashed near
2759:
2541:
1267:
according to the commonly understood meaning of the word: he underwent the penalty of death for persistence in his
512:
moved to Chernigov, Mikhail, because of his status as the second in seniority, probably occupied Novgorod-Seversk.
2655:
1071:
was killed after him. This left only two significant Rus' princely clans, both of whom had submitted to Batu: the
2465:
1084:
1059:
When they arrived at Saray, Batu Khan sent messengers to Mikhail's camp instructing him to worship according to
3002:
703:
in the Novgorodian lands. On 20 February 1229, therefore, Yaroslav Vsevolodovich's sons (Fedor Yaroslavich and
415:
s to take to the prince; Mikhail took hold of it, was cured, and walked to the miracle-worker's pillar for his
3007:
2571:
The Hypatian Codex Part Two: The Galician–Volynian Chronicle. An annotated translation by George A. Perfecky
1259:
of Kiev, where he was deposed not by a more powerful prince, but by the "invincible" Mongols. On the eve of
3017:
2503:
1175:
1271:. They later became known as "The Passion-Sufferers of Chernigov" and "The Miracle-Workers of Chernigov".
1513:
1000:
Some time in the spring of 1241, he considered it safe to go home. He stopped at the devastated town of
3012:
271:
968:
attack, however, Mikhail did not return to Kiev but allowed his brother-in-law's men to remain there.
357:(who later became grand prince Vsevolod IV the Red of Kiev), by Anastasia, the daughter of grand duke
3027:
2997:
2949:
2784:
1928:
952:
In the chaos that preceded the invasion of the west bank of the river Dnieper, minor princelings and
781:
559:
57:
736:
to remain as his lieutenant, and on returning to Chernigov he took with him prominent Novgorodians.
1841:
1835:
1428:
1116:
822:
At an undisclosed date after Daniil Romanovich returned to Halych from his defeat at Torchesk, its
473:
1605:
943:
by putting his envoys to deaths. The forces in Rus' on whom Mikhail could still rely were his own
3022:
2932:
2884:
2819:
2725:
1908:
1314:
780:
who had invaded Daniil Romanovich's lands and handed them over to the latter. Mikhail and prince
643:
442:
118:
100:
2942:
2874:
2847:
1396:
1304:
733:
699:(a special tax levied on churches which also served as warehouses), and to stop appointing his
384:
174:
71:
61:
1056:
punitive strike against his domain; his grandson Boris Vasilkovich of Rostov accompanied him.
293:
was a priority for him. Commercial interests, in part, also motivated him to seize control of
2977:
2732:
800:
s were also taken captive. Meanwhile, Mikhail's allies took Kiev where he evidently made the
552:
446:
309:
passed to Chernigov. He also negotiated commercial treaties and political alliances with the
267:
846:
2982:
2922:
2891:
2742:
850:
710:
Mikhail and the townsmen introduced measures to weaken Yaroslav Vsevolodovich's power: the
658:
477:
469:
392:
263:
82:
1300:
Feodula Mikhailovna (1212 – 1250); became a nun and adopted the religious name Evfrosinia;
1255:
According to historian Martin Dimnik (2003), Michael of Chernigov was the last autonomous
981:
547:. Mikhail also attended the meeting. The united forces of the princes went down the river
488:
launched a major offensive against Vsevolod Svyatoslavich who confronted the attackers at
8:
1722:
1631:
1454:
1370:
882:
839:
678:
608:
358:
354:
275:
228:
39:
2837:
2809:
2508:
2372:
1919:
1883:
1310:
1184:
1026:
796:
where Vladimir Rurikovich and Daniil Romanovich were defeated, and the former and many
651:
434:
306:
279:
178:
2901:
2857:
2679:
2661:
2639:
2623:
2574:
2528:
2469:
1237:
1080:
1038:
692:
662:
574:
322:
283:
167:
114:
104:
2830:
2593:
1899:
1875:
1780:
1748:
1126:
1001:
704:
666:
612:
361:. The patrimonial domain of his father was located in the northwestern part of the
587:
1663:
1292:
1288:
1268:
1236:
The cult was approved in 1547. When Chernigov was occupied by the Poles in 1578,
1155:
1076:
900:
815:
558:
Crossing the Dnieper, their armies marched through the steppes for 8 days before
462:
450:
396:
388:
373:
160:
1144:
is not found in these manuscripts. It is not until the Younger Recension of the
2547:
1132:
886:
753:
638:
624:
481:
336:(1237–1242), Mikhail was defeated and had to flee; in 1246, he was executed by
936:
2971:
1053:
1009:
310:
988:
invaded Silesia, and after the invaders had passed through Volhynia and the
716:
1179:
1042:
1034:
940:
811:
536:
2636:
Russia and the Golden Horde: The Mongol Impact on Medieval Russian History
2578:
1201:
748:
1256:
1218:
1104:
777:
776:
In 1232, troops sent by Vladimir III pursued and captured the princes of
674:
563:
515:
2560:
858:
684:
In December 1228, the common people of Novgorod rose up in arms against
1852:
1072:
894:
854:
785:
686:
318:
314:
1327:
Prince Mstislav Mikhailovich of Karachev and Zvenigorod (1220 – 1280);
973:
642:
sent its request for a prince to Yuri Vsevolodovich's brother, prince
2913:
1856:
1848:
1111:
1060:
878:
773:
Boris Negochevich and his band left Chernigov before Easter of 1232.
591:
489:
485:
420:
380:
337:
218:
769:, and Vodovik's death released him from that obligation. Therefore,
28:
2615:(1981). pp. 215. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers. ISBN 978-0888440525.
1064:
1019:
945:
828:
793:
429:
416:
362:
661:
summoned Mikhail and attacked the latter's brother-in-law, prince
368:
985:
977:
961:
932:
917:
913:
890:
831:. In addition to his own retinue, he was probably accompanied by
801:
632:
548:
532:
524:
498:
454:
408:
213:
2613:
Mikhail, Prince of Chernigov and Grand Prince of Kiev, 1224–1246
1855:, the Eletskie, the Zvenigorodskie, the Koltsovy-Mosalskie, the
1264:
1249:
1245:
965:
924:
905:
832:
743:
544:
540:
438:
294:
1291:(or Maria Romanovna) (m. 1210 or 1211), a daughter of prince
1241:
1014:
1005:
700:
670:
326:
302:
290:
419:. Following his cure, he gave a generous benefaction to the
2408:
2386:
2384:
766:
539:
to reconnoiter the "western lands" entered the land of the
528:
404:
298:
949:
and the Kievan militia, and therefore he fled to Hungary.
2297:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2289:
1230:
607:
At that time, the Novgorodians acknowledged grand prince
2381:
1033:
Meanwhile, Batu Khan commanded all the princes to visit
427:
In the summer of 1206, his father seized Kiev, sent his
301:
because they were channels through which goods from the
2329:
2327:
2325:
2312:
2310:
1933:
2601:
6754 (1246) relates the death of Michael of Chernigov)
2583:(pages 52–53 relate the death of Michael of Chernigov)
2420:
2339:
2286:
2678:; Yale University Press, 1948, New Haven and London;
2565:(years 1245–1260). (interpreted by Leonid Makhnovets)
2527:; Branden Publishing Company, Inc, 1996, Boston, MA;
2396:
1913:
728:
s to appoint their own judges. He also abrogated the
2322:
2307:
869:s of Halych submitted to Mikhail's brother-in-law.
569:
1397:Sviatoslav III Vsevolodovich, grand prince of Kiev
1330:Prince Simeon Mikhailovich of Glukhov and Novosil;
2657:Medieval Russia: 980–1584. Second Edition. E-book
2525:The Story of the Mongols whom We Call the Tartars
2441:The Story of the Mongols whom We Call the Tartars
872:
861:whose inhabitants had supported him in the past.
433:to all the Kievan towns, and forced grand prince
2969:
33:Icon of Saint Michael of Chernigov, 17th century
2622:(2003). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1455:Vsevolod IV Sviatoslavich, grand prince of Kiev
1333:Prince Yury Mikhailovich of Torusa and Bryansk.
1284:Michael married once and had several children.
1095:
980:. As his caravan pressed northwest, it came to
644:Yaroslav Vsevolodovich of Pereyaslavl Zalesskiy
627:from the citizens and confiscated their goods.
519:The movements of Genghis Khan and his generals
16:Grand Prince of Kiev (r. 1236–1239; 1241–1243)
1206:Michael of Chernigov at the camp of Batu Khan
379:When Mikhail was a child, he suffered from a
2461:Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine. Volume 1
1489:10. Vasilko Sviatoslavich, prince of Polotsk
744:Prince of Chernigov and grand prince of Kiev
329:greater political freedom from the prince.
2438:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2354:
1322:Roman Mikhailovich of Chernigov and Bryansk
1313:(? – 7 or 9 December 1271), wife of Prince
2515:Modern edition: DiPlano Carpini, Giovanni
2273:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2153:
1371:Vsevolod II Olgovich, grand prince of Kiev
391:living in the Monastery of St. Nicetas at
365:where he undoubtedly spent his childhood.
27:
2660:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2370:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1295:and his wife, Predslava Rurikovna of Kiev
2633:
2568:
2426:
2414:
2351:
2301:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1279:
1200:
1163:1550) added even more text to Mikhail's
899:
810:
747:
596:
573:
514:
367:
2605:
1859:, the Odoevskie, and the Shcherbatovy.
523:In the spring of 1223, a strong Mongol
403:s, rode to the town and arrived at the
2970:
2653:
2453:
2402:
2390:
2345:
2333:
2316:
1702:
1585:
1581:
1571:
1470:
1360:
1356:
441:. Vsevolod Svyatoslavich also evicted
3043:13th-century princes from Kievan Rus'
3038:13th-century Eastern Orthodox martyrs
1950:
1778:
1768:
1764:
1752:
1746:
1736:
1720:
1710:
1706:
1690:
1687:
1677:
1661:
1651:
1647:
1635:
1629:
1619:
1603:
1593:
1589:
1565:
1555:
1543:
1533:
1529:
1517:
1511:
1501:
1488:
1478:
1474:
1458:
1452:
1442:
1426:
1416:
1412:
1400:
1394:
1384:
1368:
1364:
2454:Rusyna, Olena Volodymyrivna (2003).
2280:The Dynasty of Chernigov - 1146-1246
579:Transfiguration Cathedral, Chernihiv
353:He was the only known son of prince
266:(1236–1239; 1241–1243); he was also
3048:People executed by the Golden Horde
2638:. Indiana University. p. 222.
2620:The Dynasty of Chernigov, 1146–1246
1196:
1008:, and then traveled down the river
714:appointed Vnezd Vodovik as the new
186:Mstislav of Karachev and Zvenigorod
13:
2497:
2277:
1223:(The Miracle-Workers of Chernigov)
1170:
602:Saint Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod
204:Mikhail Vsevolodovich of Chernigov
14:
3059:
1346:Ancestors of Michael of Chernigov
1140:1425), but the full text of the
804:merchants, who had come to Kiev
570:Prince of Chernigov and Novgorod
508:died between 1215 and 1220, and
383:. His grandfather, grand prince
2993:Murdered royalty of Kievan Rus'
2573:. Munich: Wilhelm Fink Verlag.
2492:
2466:Institute of History of Ukraine
2447:
2432:
1305:Rostislav Mikhailovich of Macsó
1225:in the Holy Saviour Cathedral.
992:, Mikhail returned to Mazovia.
254:– 20 September 1246), known as
2988:13th-century murdered monarchs
2912:(Tatar officials appointed by
1893:
1869:
1829:
1261:Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'
995:
873:Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'
669:, who had seized the towns of
560:they met the main Mongol force
334:Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'
183:Roman of Chernigov and Bryansk
1:
3033:13th-century Christian saints
2705:
2634:Halperin, Charles J. (1987).
2589:Suzdal'–Vladimirian Chronicle
2551:
1944:
1160:
1149:
1137:
1121:
908:by Batu Khan in February 1238
885:; it is possible that Prince
478:Mstislav Mstislavich the Bold
411:gave his staff to one of his
399:. The prince, accompanied by
348:
248:
188:Simeon of Glukhov and Novosil
152:20 September 1246 (age 60-61)
132:
2569:Perfecky, George A. (1973).
2562:Galician-Volhynian Chronicle
2542:Galician–Volhynian Chronicle
2504:Giovanni da Pian del Carpine
1688:3. Maria/Anastasia of Poland
1632:Casimir II, prince of Cracow
1606:Bolesław III, duke of Poland
1337:
1324:(c. 1218 – after 1288/1305);
1274:
1176:Giovanni da Pian del Carpine
1130:(compiled 1377), and in the
695:; he also had to cancel the
385:Svyatoslav III Vsevolodovich
343:
282:(1225–1226; 1229–1230), and
7:
2439:DiPlano Carpini, Giovanni.
1934:
1914:
1514:Maria Vasilkovna of Polotsk
1293:Roman Mstislavich of Halych
1063:by bowing to the fires and
931:In the autumn of 1239, the
527:corps under the command of
465:of Halych in 1210 or 1211.
10:
3064:
2760:Prince of Novgorod-Seversk
2371:Vernadsky, George (1948).
1833:
1696:
1583:
1464:
1358:
1079:in the northeast, and the
887:Yury Ingvarevich of Ryazan
617:the Cathedral of St. Sofia
190:Yury of Torusa and Bryansk
2956:
2947:
2939:
2929:
2920:
2908:
2898:
2889:
2881:
2871:
2862:
2854:
2844:
2835:
2826:
2816:
2807:
2801:
2791:
2782:
2778:Mstislav II Svyatoslavich
2774:
2766:
2757:
2749:
2739:
2730:
2722:
2692:
2458:[Upper princes].
1923:
1903:
1887:
1879:
1766:
1758:
1730:
1708:
1704:
1671:
1649:
1641:
1613:
1591:
1587:
1549:
1531:
1523:
1495:
1476:
1472:
1436:
1414:
1406:
1378:
1362:
1090:
881:came to the frontiers of
510:Mstislav II Svyatoslavich
234:
224:
212:
203:
198:
194:
166:
156:
141:
128:
124:
110:
96:
88:
81:
67:
58:Mstislav II Svyatoslavich
53:
45:
38:
26:
21:
1862:
1842:Upper Oka Principalities
1836:Upper Oka Principalities
1429:Maria Mstislavna of Kiev
1146:Novgorod First Chronicle
1117:Novgorod First Chronicle
923:The second phase of the
818:in the 13th-14th century
278:(1223–1235; 1242–1246),
1935:Mykhailo Chernihivs'kyj
1315:Vasilko Konstantinovich
1099:of Michael of Chernigov
1061:the laws of the Mongols
1049:to rule his patrimony.
877:In the winter of 1237,
613:Vladimir on the Klyazma
535:which had been sent by
480:of Novgorod and prince
119:Yaroslav II of Vladimir
101:Yaroslav II of Vladimir
2943:Rostislav Mikhailovich
2933:Yaroslav Vsevolodovich
2885:Yaroslav Vsevolodovich
2875:Rostislav Mikhailovich
2848:Rostislav Mikhailovich
2829:Fedor Yaroslavich and
2820:Yaroslav Vsevolodovich
2795:Mstislav III Glebovich
2753:Mstislav Svyatoslavich
2726:Yaroslav Vsevolodovich
2654:Martin, Janet (2007).
2464:(in Ukrainian). Kyiv:
1924:Миха́йло Чернігівський
1568:Mikhail Vsevolodovich
1213:
1194:
909:
819:
782:Iziaslav Vladimirovich
757:
734:Rostislav Mikhailovich
657:In 1228, grand prince
604:
588:Holy Saviour Cathedral
582:
520:
458:his father from Kiev.
443:Yaroslav Vsevolodovich
376:
355:Vsevolod Svyatoslavich
72:Mstislav III Glebovich
62:Mstislav III Glebovich
3003:Grand princes of Kiev
2831:Aleksandr Yaroslavich
2733:Prince of Pereyaslavl
2694:Michael of Chernigov
1915:Mikhail Chernigovskij
1904:Михаи́л Черни́говский
1280:Marriage and children
1204:
1190:
903:
814:
751:
705:Aleksandr Yaroslavich
609:Yuri II Vsevolodovich
600:
577:
518:
468:In June 1212, prince
445:(son of grand prince
371:
268:Prince of Pereyaslavl
245:Mikhail Vsevolodovich
3008:Princes of Chernigov
2923:Grand Prince of Kiev
2892:Grand Prince of Kiev
2743:Vladimir III of Kiev
2606:Scholarly literature
2545:(1290s; oldest copy
1888:Михайло Всеволодович
1307:(b. c. 1225 – 1262);
1238:Ivan IV the Terrible
1208:(1883), painting by
1004:, rode northeast to
659:Vladimir III of Kiev
562:at the banks of the
393:Pereyaslavl-Zalessky
359:Casimir II of Poland
317:. He alleviated the
264:Grand Prince of Kiev
260:Mikhail of Chernigov
92:1236–1239; 1241–1243
83:Grand Prince of Kiev
49:1223–1235; 1242–1246
22:Michael of Chernigov
3018:Princes of Novgorod
2950:Prince of Chernigov
2785:Prince of Chernigov
2674:Vernadsky, George,
2591:(1305; oldest copy
1880:Михаил Всеволодович
1723:Conrad II of Znojmo
840:Konrad I of Masovia
470:Mstislav Romanovich
238:Anastasia of Poland
229:Vsevolod IV of Kiev
40:Prince of Chernigov
2960:Roman Mikhailovich
2838:Prince of Novgorod
2810:Prince of Novgorod
2804:Vsevolod Yuryevich
2769:Oleg Svyatoslavich
2519:- Hildinger, Erik
2509:Ystoria Mongalorum
2456:"Верховські князі"
2417:, p. 51, 174.
2393:, p. 164–165.
1221:dedicated to them
1214:
1185:Ystoria Mongalorum
1087:in the southwest.
912:In March 1238 the
910:
847:Béla IV of Hungary
820:
758:
652:Novhorod-Siverskyi
605:
583:
555:of Mongol troops.
521:
506:Gleb Svyatoslavich
482:Ingvar Yaroslavich
447:Vsevolod Yuryevich
435:Rurik Rostislavich
381:paralyzing illness
377:
325:and granted their
175:Rostislav of Macsó
76:Roman Mikhailovich
3013:Princes of Halych
2966:
2965:
2957:Succeeded by
2930:Succeeded by
2902:Daniil Romanovich
2899:Succeeded by
2872:Succeeded by
2858:Daniil Romanovich
2845:Succeeded by
2817:Succeeded by
2792:Succeeded by
2767:Succeeded by
2740:Succeeded by
2717:20 September 1246
2667:978-0-511-36800-4
2628:978-0-521-03981-9
1932:
1912:
1826:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1311:Maria Mikhailovna
693:Yaroslav the Wise
663:Daniil Romanovich
501:from his father.
463:Roman Mstislavich
242:
241:
208:
207:
115:Daniel of Galicia
105:Daniel of Galicia
3055:
3028:Ukrainian saints
2998:Olgovichi family
2940:Preceded by
2909:Preceded by
2882:Preceded by
2865:Prince of Halych
2855:Preceded by
2827:Preceded by
2802:Preceded by
2775:Preceded by
2750:Preceded by
2723:Preceded by
2718:
2711:
2710:
2707:
2698:Olgovichi family
2690:
2689:
2671:
2649:
2618:Dimnik, Martin,
2611:Dimnik, Martin,
2594:Laurentian Codex
2582:
2559:
2553:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2482:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2436:
2430:
2424:
2418:
2412:
2406:
2400:
2394:
2388:
2379:
2378:
2368:
2349:
2348:, p. xviii.
2343:
2337:
2331:
2320:
2314:
2305:
2299:
2284:
2283:
2278:Dimnik, Martin.
2275:
1938:
1937:
1927:
1925:
1917:
1907:
1905:
1897:
1891:
1889:
1881:
1873:
1781:Marija of Rascia
1749:Helena of Znojmo
1352:
1351:
1343:
1342:
1197:Cult of martydom
1162:
1151:
1139:
1127:Laurentian Codex
1123:
845:Meanwhile, king
272:Novgorod-Seversk
253:
250:
196:
195:
151:
149:
137:
134:
31:
19:
18:
3063:
3062:
3058:
3057:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3052:
2968:
2967:
2962:
2953:
2945:
2935:
2926:
2918:
2904:
2895:
2887:
2877:
2868:
2860:
2850:
2841:
2833:
2822:
2813:
2805:
2797:
2788:
2780:
2770:
2763:
2755:
2745:
2736:
2728:
2712:
2708:
2701:
2700:
2695:
2668:
2646:
2608:
2557:
2500:
2498:Primary sources
2495:
2490:
2480:
2478:
2476:
2468:. p. 494.
2452:
2448:
2437:
2433:
2425:
2421:
2413:
2409:
2401:
2397:
2389:
2382:
2369:
2352:
2344:
2340:
2332:
2323:
2315:
2308:
2300:
2287:
2276:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1941:
1898:
1894:
1874:
1870:
1865:
1838:
1832:
1827:
1664:Salomea of Berg
1340:
1289:Elena Romanovna
1282:
1277:
1269:Christian faith
1210:Vasiliy Smirnov
1199:
1173:
1171:Carpine account
1156:Nikon Chronicle
1101:
1093:
1085:Halych-Volhynia
1077:Vladimir-Suzdal
998:
875:
816:Halych-Volhynia
746:
572:
504:When his uncle
492:. However, the
437:to withdraw to
407:'s pillar. The
374:Nikita Stylites
351:
346:
251:
189:
187:
185:
181:
177:
173:
161:Elena Romanovna
147:
145:
135:
117:
103:
74:
60:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3061:
3051:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3023:Russian saints
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2964:
2963:
2958:
2955:
2946:
2941:
2937:
2936:
2931:
2928:
2919:
2910:
2906:
2905:
2900:
2897:
2888:
2883:
2879:
2878:
2873:
2870:
2861:
2856:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2843:
2834:
2828:
2824:
2823:
2818:
2815:
2806:
2803:
2799:
2798:
2793:
2790:
2781:
2776:
2772:
2771:
2768:
2765:
2756:
2751:
2747:
2746:
2741:
2738:
2729:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2696:
2693:
2688:
2687:
2672:
2666:
2651:
2644:
2631:
2616:
2607:
2604:
2603:
2602:
2597:1377) (L. 165
2586:
2585:
2584:
2566:
2558:(in Ukrainian)
2548:Hypatian Codex
2538:
2537:
2536:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2474:
2446:
2431:
2419:
2407:
2405:, p. 165.
2395:
2380:
2350:
2338:
2336:, p. 164.
2321:
2319:, p. 141.
2306:
2304:, p. 174.
2285:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1892:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1831:
1828:
1824:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1348:
1347:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1318:
1308:
1301:
1297:
1296:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1198:
1195:
1172:
1169:
1133:Hypatian Codex
1124:1275), in the
1100:
1094:
1092:
1089:
997:
994:
874:
871:
745:
742:
571:
568:
363:Vyatichi lands
350:
347:
345:
342:
240:
239:
236:
232:
231:
226:
222:
221:
216:
210:
209:
206:
205:
201:
200:
192:
191:
170:
164:
163:
158:
154:
153:
143:
139:
138:
130:
126:
125:
122:
121:
112:
108:
107:
98:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
79:
78:
69:
65:
64:
55:
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36:
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32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
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2:
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2721:
2716:
2704:
2699:
2691:
2685:
2684:0-300-01647-6
2681:
2677:
2676:Kievan Russia
2673:
2669:
2663:
2659:
2658:
2652:
2647:
2645:9781850430575
2641:
2637:
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2475:966-00-0734-5
2471:
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2463:
2462:
2457:
2450:
2442:
2435:
2429:, p. 51.
2428:
2427:Halperin 1987
2423:
2416:
2415:Halperin 1987
2411:
2404:
2399:
2392:
2387:
2385:
2376:
2375:
2374:Kievan Russia
2367:
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2303:
2302:Halperin 1987
2298:
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1298:
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1290:
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1286:
1285:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1257:senior prince
1253:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1234:
1232:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1193:
1189:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1178:, an Italian
1177:
1168:
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1129:
1128:
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1066:
1062:
1057:
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1028:
1027:Árpád dynasty
1023:
1021:
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1016:
1011:
1007:
1003:
993:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
969:
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787:
783:
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762:
755:
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741:
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735:
731:
727:
722:
719:
718:
713:
708:
706:
702:
698:
694:
689:
688:
682:
680:
676:
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668:
664:
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655:
653:
647:
645:
641:
640:
634:
628:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
603:
599:
595:
594:in the land.
593:
589:
580:
576:
567:
565:
561:
556:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
517:
513:
511:
507:
502:
500:
495:
494:Rostislavichi
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
466:
464:
459:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
431:
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418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
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386:
382:
375:
370:
366:
364:
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356:
341:
339:
335:
330:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
287:
286:(1235–1236).
285:
281:
277:
274:(1219–1226),
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
246:
237:
233:
230:
227:
223:
220:
217:
215:
211:
202:
197:
193:
184:
180:
176:
171:
169:
165:
162:
159:
155:
144:
140:
131:
127:
123:
120:
116:
113:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
91:
87:
84:
80:
77:
73:
70:
66:
63:
59:
56:
52:
48:
44:
41:
37:
30:
25:
20:
2978:1180s births
2948:
2921:
2911:
2890:
2863:
2836:
2808:
2783:
2758:
2731:
2714:
2702:
2697:
2675:
2656:
2635:
2619:
2612:
2598:
2592:
2588:
2570:
2561:
2546:
2540:
2524:
2521:(Translator)
2520:
2516:
2507:
2493:Bibliography
2479:. Retrieved
2459:
2449:
2440:
2434:
2422:
2410:
2398:
2373:
2341:
2279:
1895:
1871:
1846:
1839:
1567:
1283:
1254:
1235:
1227:
1222:
1215:
1205:
1191:
1183:
1180:papal legate
1174:
1164:
1154:
1145:
1141:
1131:
1125:
1115:
1106:
1105:hagiography
1102:
1096:
1068:
1058:
1051:
1046:
1037:and pay him
1032:
1024:
1013:
999:
990:Polish lands
970:
958:
953:
951:
944:
930:
922:
911:
876:
866:
863:
844:
835:
823:
821:
805:
797:
791:
775:
770:
763:
759:
738:
729:
725:
723:
715:
711:
709:
696:
685:
683:
656:
648:
637:
629:
620:
606:
584:
557:
537:Genghis Khan
522:
503:
467:
460:
428:
426:
412:
400:
378:
352:
331:
323:Novgorodians
288:
259:
255:
244:
243:
2983:1246 deaths
2709: 1185
2481:20 February
2403:Martin 2007
2391:Martin 2007
2346:Martin 2007
2334:Martin 2007
2317:Martin 2007
1830:Descendants
1244:of the two
1219:side-chapel
1081:Romanovichi
1030:Chernigov.
996:Final years
904:Sacking of
778:Bolokhoveni
754:Kievan Rus'
730:zabozhnitse
697:zaboshnitse
675:Chertoryysk
564:Kalka River
332:During the
305:valley and
252: 1185
136: 1185
97:Predecessor
54:Predecessor
2972:Categories
2954:1242–1246
2927:1241–1243
2896:1236–1239
2869:1235–1236
2842:1229–1230
2814:1225–1226
2789:1223–1235
2764:1219–1226
1945:References
1857:Obolenskie
1853:Dolgorukie
1849:Gorchakovy
1840:The later
1834:See also:
1317:of Rostov;
1159:(compiled
1148:(compiled
1136:(compiled
1120:(compiled
1073:Yurievichi
855:Zvenigorod
851:his father
771:tysyatskiy
687:tysyatskiy
553:detachment
349:Early life
319:tax burden
315:Hungarians
148:1246-09-20
2914:Batu Khan
2650:(e-book).
1929:romanized
1920:Ukrainian
1909:romanized
1884:Ukrainian
1338:Ancestors
1275:Genealogy
1248:taken to
1112:martyrdom
1002:Volodymyr
879:Batu Khan
667:Volodymyr
592:landowner
490:Vyshgorod
476:, prince
430:posadniki
421:monastery
344:Biography
338:Batu Khan
276:Chernigov
219:Olgovichi
111:Successor
68:Successor
2599:sub anno
2517:(Author)
2512:(1240s)
1240:had the
1047:(yarlik)
1020:Old Kiev
946:druzhina
859:Przemyśl
849:renewed
833:Galician
829:Volhynia
794:Torchesk
717:posadnik
679:Kamenets
474:Smolensk
451:Vladimir
417:blessing
397:Suzdalia
313:and the
280:Novgorod
270:(1206),
1931::
1911::
1900:Russian
1876:Russian
1320:Prince
1010:Pripyat
986:Mongols
978:Silesia
974:Wrocław
962:Mazovia
933:Mongols
918:Kozelsk
914:Mongols
891:Mongols
756:in 1237
633:Torzhok
581:(1030s)
549:Dnieper
545:steppes
533:Subutai
525:cavalry
499:Mosalsk
455:retinue
439:Vruchiy
409:stylite
321:of the
307:Hungary
284:Galicia
256:Michael
172:Feodula
2713:
2682:
2664:
2642:
2626:
2579:902306
2577:
2554:1425)
2531:
2472:
1851:, the
1265:martyr
1250:Moscow
1246:saints
1242:relics
1091:Legacy
1054:Mongol
1039:homage
966:Mongol
937:Möngke
925:Mongol
906:Suzdal
895:Ryazan
883:Ryazan
802:German
786:Putyvl
701:judges
621:novuyu
541:Cumans
389:Nikita
372:Saint
327:boyars
295:Halych
262:, was
235:Mother
225:Father
157:Spouse
2737:1206
2715:Died:
2703:Born:
1863:Notes
1303:Duke
1069:boyar
1065:idols
1043:Sarai
1035:Sarai
1015:Podil
1006:Pinsk
982:Środa
954:boyar
893:took
867:boyar
836:boyar
824:boyar
798:boyar
767:oaths
726:boyar
712:veche
677:, in
671:Lutsk
639:veche
623:as a
486:Lutsk
413:boyar
401:boyar
311:Poles
303:Rhine
291:trade
214:House
199:Names
179:Maria
168:Issue
89:Reign
46:Reign
2680:ISBN
2662:ISBN
2640:ISBN
2624:ISBN
2575:OCLC
2529:ISBN
2483:2024
2470:ISBN
1779:15.
1721:14.
1662:13.
1604:12.
1165:vita
1142:vita
1107:vita
1097:Vita
941:khan
752:The
673:and
625:fine
531:and
529:Jebe
405:monk
299:Kiev
297:and
142:Died
129:Born
1747:7.
1630:6.
1566:1.
1512:5.
1453:2.
1427:9.
1395:4.
1369:8.
1231:nun
1083:of
1075:of
976:in
972:to
806:via
784:of
665:of
484:of
472:of
449:of
395:in
258:or
2974::
2706:c.
2552:c.
2523::
2506:,
2383:^
2353:^
2324:^
2309:^
2288:^
1952:^
1926:,
1922::
1918:;
1906:,
1902::
1886::
1882:;
1878::
1188::
1161:c.
1150:c.
1138:c.
1122:c.
1103:A
646:.
340:.
249:c.
133:c.
2916:)
2686:.
2670:.
2648:.
2630:.
2581:.
2535:.
2485:.
2443:.
2377:.
2282:.
1890:.
1212:.
1018:(
247:(
150:)
146:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
