27:
382:
302:, where heat is applied indirectly to the products. It is important that the nuts or seeds are stirred constantly to avoid over- and under-cooking. This method requires no additional ingredients. The second is oil frying, where the nuts go into preheated oil for a certain amount of time. There are various oil roasting methods from continuous, batch and curtain fryers. The ultimate impact on the nuts can vary; both methods are recommended by studies.
129:
251:
350:
The most detailed section deals with weight percentages, which specifies that "Each such kind of nut ingredient when used shall be present in a quantity not less than 2 percent and not more than 80 percent by weight of the finished food." If a variety X exceeds 50%, the label must conspicuously state
346:
14475. The present standard, as modified by 58 FR 2885, Jan. 6, 1993, requires that mixed nuts must contain at least four different varieties of tree nuts or peanuts. (Products with three or fewer varieties are now commonly labelled as simply "mixes".) The container volume must be at least 85%
371:
It seems to me that until the
Department establishes a set standard of quality... it would be altogether unsafe... to make them amenable to such a vague and indefinite standard as I understand the Government seeks to establish by the testimony of men engaged in the business of handling
362:
Modifying words like "fancy" or "choice" have not historically carried any legal meaning in the United States, and they remain absent from the current regulations. In a 1915 federal case against "fancy mixed nuts" that were argued by competitors to be an inferior grade,
325:
investigation of 124 cans of mixed nuts, representing 31 brands bought in 17 American cities, determined that most mixed nuts of the time were mostly peanuts, often 75%; peanutless brands were usually dominated by cashews. Many cans bore misleading
289:
Besides peanuts, cashews are usually the next least expensive nut, and in deluxe mixes they tend to be the most common ingredient. Hazelnuts and Brazil nuts are also relatively cheap, while pecans are the most expensive ingredient.
231:. In fact, one historical argument for United States salters is that importing nuts can encourage domestic production, since mixed nuts provide a "wagon" on which everyone's sales ride. For example, cashews are not produced in
766:
Hearings Before the
Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, Eightieth Congress, First Session, on H. R. 452 to amend the provisions of the agricultural adjustment act relating to marketing agreements and
334:
concluded, "What's needed of course is a
Federal standard of identity...", detailing a list that of requirements that, with the exception of their desire to limit broken nuts, anticipated the 1977 rules.
351:"contains up to 60% X", and so on in 10% increments up to 80%. (The first example given by the FDA is "contains up to 60% pecans".) When testing mixed nuts for compliance, the FDA samples at least 24
176:
market, which imported some $ 1.9 million in 1997, nearly half from the U.S. During the year 2002, U.S. companies sold $ 783 million of mixed nuts incorporating four or more varieties, mostly in
243:
Peanuts are typically a major ingredient in mixed nuts, because they are relatively inexpensive; mixes which contain no peanuts are often sold as a "deluxe" option. In 2006, a batch of
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977:
272:
brand nuts, and determined that "there was a tiny fraction less than six ounces of peanuts ... amazing precision for a nut factory." Later, in 2004, a
452:
436:
235:, and it is necessary to import them because mixed nuts are essential to the sale of pecans, which are grown exclusively in North America.
444:
392:
When a container of mixed nuts is opened after it has been shaken, the larger nuts tend to be on top. This phenomenon is known as the
770:
555:
712:
943:
666:
857:
405:
The phrase "mixed nuts" is also used to indicate a mixture of disparate elements other than nuts, as in the film
944:"Notices of Judgment Under the Food and Drugs Act - United States. Food and Drug Administration - Google Books"
339:
184:
316:
315:
Percent composition by weight is a serious matter in the U.S., where mixed nuts have been regulated by the
764:
Johnson, Carl; C. Corse; C. Braun (1947-04-17). "Statements in opposition". In George Reid, Clerk (ed.).
610:
441:
20:
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247:
brand "deluxe" mixed nuts was recalled after it was found that peanuts had been added to the mix.
223:
This reality provides an incentive for nut salters to favor free trade for nuts, as opposed to nut
660:"Argentina Market Development Reports: Tree Nuts: Walnuts, Almonds, Hazelnuts, and Chestnuts 1999"
449:
347:
filled, and the label must state whether any peanuts are unblanched or of the
Spanish variety.
526:
501:
737:
684:
631:
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41:
consisting of any mixture of mechanically or manually combined nuts. Common constituents are
849:
997:
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since 1977. Up to that point, the phrase "mixed nuts" had been legally meaningless. A 1964
8:
394:
258:
Some brands of mixed nuts advertise themselves to contain "less than 50% peanuts". For a
90:
183:
The individual nuts that make up mixed nuts are harvested from all over the world. As a
562:
614:
367:
N. J. No. 4329 (1915), the court declined to accept a trade standard. The ruling said
853:
399:
719:
172:, they are second only to peanuts. Mixed nuts have also gained in popularity in the
973:
917:
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66:
456:
165:
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78:
70:
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Nuts typically included in commercial mixed nuts. Clockwise from top left:
26:
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There are two different ways the nuts can be processed. The first is
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82:
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97:
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280:
224:
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195:"In the average can of mixed nuts, you might find almonds from
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149:
141:
117:
109:
96:
In addition to being eaten directly, mixed nuts can be used in
62:
54:
50:
46:
42:
710:
551:
327:
208:
200:
196:
161:
145:
74:
164:, mixed nuts are the second most popular table nuts, behind
105:
286:
in two such 11.5 oz cans was, in fact, a little over 50%.
254:
A mixed nut selection described as "less than 50% peanuts"
385:
Brazil nuts resting on top of peanuts, demonstrating the
786:"Undeclared Peanuts Prompts Recall of Fisher Mixed Nuts"
665:. Global Agriculture Information Network. Archived from
763:
615:"Roasted Nuts and Peanut Butter Manufacturing: 2002"
180:form, representing hundreds of millions of pounds.
609:
918:"Raw or Roasted Nuts. How to choose between them"
989:
872:
784:John B. Sanfilippo and Son, Inc. (2006-01-07).
502:"Chocolate and mixed nut tart in cookie crust"
711:W. Michael Cox and Richard Alm (March 2003).
605:
603:
338:On March 15, 1977, the FDA promulgated a new
657:
268:tested such a 12-ounce (340 g) can of
600:
875:"How Much is Inside Planters Mixed Nuts?"
837:
835:
809:
432:
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380:
249:
127:
25:
967:
915:
773:. pp. 235–239. Y 4.AG 8/1:M 34/11.
264:segment that originally aired in 1997,
16:Snack food containing a mixture of nuts
990:
972:. New York: Revere. pp. 205–206.
841:
832:
450:Part 164: Tree nut and peanut products
941:
901:Staff (November 1974). "Mixed nuts".
900:
896:
894:
873:Cockerham, Rob; others (2004-05-12).
550:
421:
477:"Sweet couscous with nuts and dates"
13:
891:
556:"Japanese Market Report #57: Nuts"
279:episode estimated that the peanut
219:—a true international assortment."
14:
1009:
812:"What Was Andy Thinking…in 2000?"
462:. Regulatory action guidance at
310:
961:
935:
909:
866:
810:Montopoli, Brian (2006-04-19).
803:
777:
970:Food Regulation and Compliance
757:
704:
651:
544:
519:
494:
469:
466:. URLs accessed on 2006-05-17.
305:
238:
227:, who would generally support
1:
414:
293:
376:
317:Food and Drug Administration
116:consists of nuts mixed with
7:
658:Groves, Gary (1999-01-27).
120:and other dry ingredients.
21:Mixed nuts (disambiguation)
10:
1014:
848:. PublicAffairs. pp.
713:"The Fruits of Free Trade"
18:
527:"Mixed-nut spiced toffee"
365:U. S. v. 25 Bags of Nuts,
123:
978:HD9000.9 U5 H4
968:Herrick, Arthur (1947).
464:CPG 7112.06 Sec. 570.700
842:Rooney, Andrew (2003).
187:publication supporting
745:Cite journal requires
692:Cite journal requires
639:Cite journal requires
588:Cite journal requires
389:
374:
255:
157:
31:
384:
369:
342:for mixed nuts in 42
330:or were underfilled.
253:
131:
29:
340:standard of identity
77:. Mixed nuts may be
30:A bowl of mixed nuts
19:For other uses, see
277:How much is inside?
203:, Brazil nuts from
611:U.S. Census Bureau
455:2010-05-27 at the
400:granular materials
390:
256:
211:, pistachios from
158:
32:
922:store.alrifai.com
613:(December 2004).
395:Brazil nut effect
387:Brazil nut effect
215:, hazelnuts from
1005:
982:
981:
965:
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954:
948:books.google.com
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933:
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916:ALRIFAI (2017).
913:
907:
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903:Consumer Reports
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845:Years of Minutes
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718:. Archived from
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561:. Archived from
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460:.110: Mixed nuts
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398:in the study of
332:Consumer Reports
322:Consumer Reports
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533:. December 2002
525:
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520:
511:
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508:. February 2002
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457:Wayback Machine
435:
422:
417:
379:
313:
308:
296:
241:
207:, cashews from
199:, walnuts from
166:sweet chestnuts
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24:
17:
12:
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1000:
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942:court (2015).
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769:. Washington:
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747:|journal=
703:
694:|journal=
650:
641:|journal=
599:
590:|journal=
554:(March 2001).
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518:
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468:
439:(April 2005).
419:
418:
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378:
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357:sampling error
312:
309:
307:
304:
295:
292:
240:
237:
229:trade barriers
221:
220:
125:
122:
100:, such as for
15:
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6:
4:
3:
2:
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859:1-58648-211-4
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739:
725:on 2006-05-25
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672:on 2006-04-21
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951:. Retrieved
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925:. Retrieved
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882:. Retrieved
879:cockeyed.com
878:
868:
843:
823:. Retrieved
815:
805:
794:. Retrieved
790:Firm Recalls
789:
779:
765:
759:
738:cite journal
727:. Retrieved
720:the original
706:
685:cite journal
674:. Retrieved
667:the original
653:
632:cite journal
621:. Retrieved
581:cite journal
570:. Retrieved
563:the original
546:
535:. Retrieved
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521:
510:. Retrieved
505:
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485:. Retrieved
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404:
393:
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370:
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337:
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300:dry roasting
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288:
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274:cockeyed.com
259:
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159:
95:
45:(actually a
34:
33:
998:Snack foods
531:Bon Appétit
506:Bon Appétit
481:Bon Appétit
306:Regulations
266:Andy Rooney
239:Composition
174:Argentinian
59:Brazil nuts
953:15 January
927:1 November
905:: 541–543.
884:2006-05-17
825:2006-05-18
816:Public Eye
796:2011-11-29
729:2006-05-23
676:2006-05-17
623:2006-05-17
572:2006-05-17
537:2006-05-23
512:2006-05-23
487:2006-05-23
483:. May 1995
415:References
408:Mixed Nuts
355:to reduce
294:Processing
284:percentage
261:60 Minutes
189:free trade
185:Dallas Fed
134:Brazil nut
39:snack food
35:Mixed nuts
377:Analogies
191:puts it,
168:; in the
114:Trail mix
67:hazelnuts
992:Category
820:CBS News
453:Archived
445:Title 21
270:Planters
138:hazelnut
102:Tunisian
91:blanched
71:filberts
850:370–371
245:Alrifai
225:farmers
205:Bolivia
118:raisins
104:farka,
98:cooking
83:roasted
73:), and
63:cashews
55:walnuts
51:almonds
43:peanuts
976:
856:
767:orders
353:pounds
328:labels
281:weight
217:Canada
213:Turkey
178:canned
154:almond
150:cashew
142:peanut
124:Market
110:toffee
108:, and
87:cooked
79:salted
75:pecans
47:legume
37:are a
792:. FDA
723:(PDF)
716:(PDF)
670:(PDF)
663:(PDF)
618:(PDF)
566:(PDF)
559:(PDF)
552:JETRO
372:nuts.
209:India
201:China
197:Italy
162:Japan
146:pecan
106:tarts
89:, or
955:2015
929:2017
854:ISBN
751:help
698:help
645:help
594:help
437:NARA
974:LCC
771:GPO
442:CFR
160:In
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
