2079:
476:
1497:
1029:
83:
1431:
1045:
944:
732:
1606:
1439:
1012:. The conversion was also politically convenient in that he branded the dissident princes which he killed as "heathens and idolaters". Conversion amongst the general population was slow to follow. In 1360 he took advantage of a breakdown of order in Transoxiana and his legitimacy as descendant of Chagatai Khan to invade the region and take control of it, thereby temporarily reuniting the two khanates. Despite invading a second time in 1361 and appointing his son
956:
5097:
1537:, a Mongol dependency of Ming China, in 1513. Mahmud Khan spent several years trying to regain his authority in Moghulistan; he eventually gave up and submitted to Muhammad Shaybani, who executed him. The rest of western Moghulistan (the area of modern Kyrgyzstan) were gradually lost to Kyrgyz tribes. In 1469-70 Kyrgyz belonging to the Oirat confederacy migrated into the Tian Shan mountains in Moghulistan. The Kyrgyz tribes led by
1385:
5109:
720:
874:. The power of the Uyghur khans slowly declined under Mongol rule until the last recorded khan was forcibly converted to Islam in the 1380s or 90s. After the 15th century it seems to have been subjected to direct Moghul rule, and a separate Moghul Khanate was established there in mid-15th century. After the Islamization of Turfan, the non-Islamic term "Uyghur" would disappear until the
988:
khanates headed by
Chagatayids: one in the west, centered in Transoxiana, and one in the east, centered in Moghulistan. Unlike the khans in the west, however, Tughlugh Timur was a strong ruler who converted to Islam (1354) and sought to reduce the power of the Dughlats. Tughlugh Timur converted to Islam, whose concepts of
987:
Tughlugh Timur (1347–1363) was thereby made the head of a tribal confederacy that governed the Tarim Basin and the steppe area of
Moghulistan (named after the Moghuls). His reign was contemporaneous with the series of puppet khans that ruled in Transoxiana, meaning that there were now effectively two
1484:
instead of those of a Mongol. This
Turkification may not have been as extensive amongst the general Moghul population, who were also slower to convert to Islam than the khan and top amirs (although by the mid-fifteenth century the Moghuls were considered to be largely Muslim). The khans also adopted
751:
Islamic order administered these towns in the name of the Moghul khans until 1514. The
Moghuls more directly governed Nanjiang after they lost Moghulistan itself. The capital city of Nanjiang was usually Yarkand or Kashgar. A contemporary Chinese term for part of the Nanjiang area was "Southern Tian
2472:
during an assault on
Yarkand. The Yarkand begs then asked the Dzungars to intervene, which resulted in the Dzungars defeating the Kyrgyz and putting a total termination to Chagatai rule by installing the Aq Taghlik in Kashgar. They also helped the Aq Taghlik overcome the Kara Taghlik in Yarkand. A
963:
The eastern regions of the
Chagatai Khanate in the early 14th century had been inhabited by a number of Mongol nomadic tribes. These tribes resented the conversion of Tarmashirin to Islam and the move of the khan to the sedentary areas of Transoxiana. They were behind the revolt that ended in
629:. Because of this, they were much more resistant to changing their way of life; they retained their primarily nomadic lifestyle for several centuries and were among the last of the Mongols who converted to Islam to do so. During the 14th century the inhabitants of Moghulistan were known as "
1585:, where he wrote a history of the Moghuls. Abdurrashid Khan also fought for control of (western) Moghulistan against the Kirghiz-Kazakhs of the Great Horde, but (western) Moghulistan was ultimately lost; thereafter the Moghuls were largely restricted to possession of the Tarim Basin.
971:
In the 1340s as a series of ephemeral khans struggled to hold power in
Transoxiana, little attention was paid by the Chagatayids to the eastern regions. As a result, the eastern tribes there were virtually independent. The most powerful of the tribes, the
1450:(1462–1487), who had been raised to the khanship by the Timurids in an attempt to counter Esen Buqa. When Esen Buqa died in 1462, the Dughlat amirs were divided over whether they should follow his son Dost Muhammad, who was then seventeen or his brother
1516:
from Turpan, fought a series of successful wars against the Oirats, raided
Chinese territory and attempted to seize the western Tarim Basin from the Dughlats, although he was ultimately unsuccessful. In 1503 he traveled west to assist his brother
1279:. The Moghuls that remained obedient to him were constantly at war with Timur, who invaded Moghulistan several times but was unable to catch Dughlat invaders. Timur sent at least five victorious expeditions to Moghulistan, seriously weakening
1291:
had also wanted to conquer China, while emphasizing that
Transoxiana was the land belonging to their own Moghul forefathers, regarding the Timurids control over Transoxiana as illegitimate. Although a military alliance did not result, the
716:. Moghulistan proper was primarily steppe country and was where the Moghuls usually resided. Because of the Moghuls' nomadic nature, the towns of Moghulistan fell into decline during their rule, if they managed to remain occupied at all.
845:
was the only area where the people were identified as "Uyghurs" after the
Islamic invasions. The broader Turfan area was bordered by Nanjiang to the west, the Tian Shan to the north, the Kunlun Shan to the south, and the principality of
1354:, but the Dughlats retained an important position within the khanate; for the next forty years they installed several khans of their own choosing. After being restored to the throne by the Dughlats, Khizr Khoja married his sister to
825:
substituted for Uch-Turfan, and other informants identify seven, rather than six cities in "Alti-shahr". The borders of Alti-Shahr were better defined than those of Moghulistan, with the Tian Shan marking the northern boundary, the
1016:
as ruler of Transoxiana, however, Tughlugh Timur was unable to keep a lasting hold on the region, and the Moghuls were ultimately expelled by Amir Husayn and Timur, who then fought amongst themselves for control of Transoxiana.
927:. There is no accepted date for the dissolution of the Chagatai Khanate, although some historians mark it with the ascendance of Tughlugh. There were few contemporary histories of Moghulistan, in contrast to the well-documented
1541:
and rebelled against the Moghuls; by 1510–11, they had effectively driven out the Moghuls. However, as late as 1526–27, the Moghul Khan Sultan Said still attempted but failed to return the Kyrgyz to subjugation.
3918:
2880:(1358) the Transoxianan Turkic amirs had not bothered to appoint a new puppet khan, meaning that there was not even a shadow khan in the west that could be used to oppose Tughlugh Timur's legitimist claims
4163:
4439:
2342:
2992:
The town of Aqsu (in Chinese Turkestan) and the region to the west of it were ruled, down to 873/1468-9, by Esen-buqa's son Dost-Muhammad, after whose death Yunus occupied Aqsu.
652:
until the 16th century". For the sedentary Mongols in Transoxiana, the nomadic Mongols to their east represented a bastion of true Mongol culture, hence the name "Moghulistan".
1271:
could not accept that Qamar-ud-Din, a "commoner", could accede to the throne. Opposition to Qamar-ud-Din within his own Dughlat tribe compromised the unity of Moghulistan, as
2703:. Volume III, "A Century of Advance", Book Four, "East Asia", Plate 315. Lach and van Kley's source is Luciano Petech, "La pretesa ambascita di Shah Jahan alla Cina",
316:
302:
288:
263:
625:
embraced Chinese court customs. In contrast, the Mongols and their subordinates who settled in what came to be known as Moghulistan were in origin steppe nomads from
412:
Beginning in the mid-14th century a new khanate, in the form of a nomadic tribal confederacy headed by a member of the family of Chagatai, arose in the region of the
3925:
2468:
The Yashkent Khanate were finally overthrown in the 1705, bringing an end to Chagatayid rule in Central Asia. Kashghar begs and Kyrgyz staged a revolt and seized
664:
were nomads of the steppe, the boundaries of their territories seldom stayed the same for long. Still, Moghulistan in the strictest sense was centered in the
2461:
In 1677, Khoja Afaq of the Aq Taghlik fled to Tibet where he asked the 5th Dalai Lama for help to restore his power. The Dalai Lama arranged for the Buddhist
1525:. The brothers were defeated and captured; they were released but Tashkent was seized by the Uzbeks. Ahmad Alaq died soon after and was succeeded by his son
680:
marked the northern limit of Moghul influence. From there the border gradually sloped in a southeastern direction until it reached the eastern portion of the
2458:. This situation persisted until the 1670s, when the Moghul khans apparently tried to reassert their authority by expelling the leader of the Aq Taghlik.
684:
Mountains. The Tian Shan then served as the southern border of Moghulistan. Besides Moghulistan proper, the Moghuls also nominally controlled modern-day
704:). Besides Moghulistan, Nanjiang, and Beijiang, several other regions were also temporarily subjected to Moghul rule at one time or another, such as
3705:
2040:
2455:
850:. In 1513 Hami became a dependency of Turfan and remained so until the end of Moghul rule. As a result, the Moghuls became direct neighbors of
4539:
2400:
1304:
trade. This trade ushered in an era of economic and cultural exchange with China, in exchange for the state accepting (what the Ming saw as)
82:
2447:, until they were the effectively the governing power in Kashgaria. At the same time the Kyrgyz began to penetrate into Alti-Shahr as well.
5155:
3104:
3009:
The author of the "Tarikh-i-Rashidi" gives the following chronogram of the death of Dost Muhammad Khan of Aksu: = 877 H. "That pig died."
1538:
5050:
4674:
3319:
2746:
Uighurs ruled the Uighur Khaganate of Mongolia in the 8th and 9th centuries. The nomadic Mekrin or Bekrin are considered Turco-Mongols.
2660:(2000). "The Early History of the Moghul Nomads: The Legacy of the Chaghatai Khanate". In Amatai-Preiss, Reuven; Morgan, David (eds.).
2353:
1473:
Yunus Khan (1462–1487) profited from the weakness of his neighbors and took Tashkent in 1482. Towards the end of Yunus' reign, his son
5150:
4140:
1028:
3911:
2512:
1668:
1244:
993:
4253:
4006:
2674:
Kim, p. 290; n.1 discusses the various names used for this khanate. In addition, Timurid authors pejoratively called the Moghuls
2198:
1561:. Thereafter the Moghulistan khanate was permanently divided, although Sultan Said Khan was nominally a vassal of Mansur Khan in
923:
Moghulistan, which had formed the eastern portion of the Chagatai Khanate, became independent in 1347 under the Chagatayid named
4853:
3066:
2889:
Grousset, pp. 409–11. For details of the battles between Amir Husayn and Timur for control of Transoxiana, see Manz, Chapter 3
2489:
was the last of them, who died in 1930. The Tarim Basin fell under the overall rule of the Dzungars until it was taken by the
4205:
3184:
3139:
3114:
2970:
2918:
2780:
2697:
2118:
1480:
During the 15th century the Moghul khans became increasingly Turkified. Yunus Khan is even mentioned to have the looks of a
5055:
4292:
4100:
2318:
2033:
4200:
3964:
3647:
2114:
1400:(1418–1428), a devout Muslim who was frequently at war with the Oirats (Western Mongols) who roamed in the area east of
1263:, who likely killed Ilyas Khoja in 1368 and several other Chagatayids. This takeover provoked a period of near-constant
5045:
4405:
3281:
3265:
2731:
2393:
2417:(1514–1705) underwent a period of decentralization, with numerous subkhanates springing up with centers at Kashgar,
4552:
4106:
3132:
History of Civilizations of Central Asia: Development in contrast: from the sixteenth to the mid-nineteenth century
2146:
895:
665:
743:
was desert. As a result, the Moghuls generally stayed out of the region and it was a poor source of manpower. The
4878:
2367:
2026:
854:. Although the term "Uyghurstan" was used for the Turfan city-state, the term is confused in Muslim sources with
5072:
5067:
4798:
4575:
4451:
4422:
4376:
3489:
3312:
2595:
2572:
2334:
2141:
1993:
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4768:
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who inhabited the lands north of the Yarkent khanate to invade in 1680, and set up puppet rulers in Yarkent.
2329:
2292:
1615:
1574:
416:. It is therefore considered to be a continuation of the Chagatai Khanate, but it is also referred to as the
2078:
5077:
4843:
4828:
4529:
4386:
3390:
2386:
2058:
1620:
4459:
1350:
A Chagatayid restoration occurred in the 1380s, when the Dughlats enthroned the surviving Chagatayid heir
5165:
4868:
4863:
4793:
4557:
4398:
3679:
3540:
2908:
2297:
1573:(1533–1565), who began his reign by executing a member of the Dughlat family. A nephew of the dead amir,
1455:
475:
447:, which emerged from the western part of the erstwhile Chagatai Khanate. The khanate was split into the
5170:
5082:
4710:
3759:
2432:
In the late 16th and 17th centuries power in the Moghul states gradually shifted from the Khans to the
2237:
2194:
5145:
5113:
4873:
4758:
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3838:
3789:
3744:
3739:
3632:
3305:
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1526:
1518:
1260:
109:
1466:
and Timurids, but the western Tarim Basin was lost to a revolt by the Dughlats. In 1484 he captured
4838:
4669:
4371:
4239:
4235:
4126:
4094:
3769:
3601:
2281:
2171:
2166:
1496:
409:. The khanate nominally ruled over the area from the mid-14th century until the late 17th century.
5140:
4833:
4748:
4653:
4243:
2176:
3294:. By Mirza Muhammad Haidar. Translated by Edward Denison Ross, edited by N. Elias. London, 1895.
4909:
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4231:
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1550:
1389:
1272:
1234:
778:
535:
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5025:
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4349:
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3249:
2507:
1872:
1661:
1625:
614:
531:
5135:
4813:
4690:
4265:
3499:
2937:
Upshur, Jiu-Hwa; Terry, Janice J; Holoka, James P; Cassar, George H; Goff, Richard (2011).
2202:
1259:
Chagatayid rule in Moghulistan was temporarily interrupted by the coup of the Dughlat Amir
777:", meaning "Six Cities", came into vogue during the rule of the 19th century Tajik warlord
1296:
opened up caravan trade to Moghulistan, greatly enriching the Moghul rulers who collected
8:
4999:
4964:
4944:
4848:
4823:
4783:
4547:
4381:
4287:
4172:
4012:
3479:
3402:
3257:
2218:
2067:
1704:
1635:
1121:
1110:
1101:
980:. In 1347 the Dughlats decided to appoint a khan of their own, and raised the Chagatayid
875:
552:. The Moghul Khans considered themselves heir to Mongol traditions and called themselves
3372:
4778:
4773:
4720:
4595:
2556:
1848:
1640:
1630:
1132:
947:
Ogedei Khan's descendants are found among the eastern and western Chaghtai Khanates of
649:
1323:
clan, migrated to the eastern Chagatai Khanate. Those Mongols allied with the nomadic
5160:
5101:
5035:
4808:
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4788:
4740:
4695:
4580:
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2126:
1522:
1369:
During the 15th century the Moghuls had to deal with several enemy incursions by the
810:
782:
693:
673:
115:
96:
1521:(1487–1508), the ruler of western Moghulistan in Tashkent, against the Uzbeks under
4519:
4354:
4314:
4277:
4217:
4041:
3749:
3377:
3328:
3297:
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1203:
1163:
932:
905:
871:
814:
512:
378:
268:
206:
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2473:
short time later, the Moghul kingdom of Turpan and Hami was also conquered by the
4994:
4949:
4763:
4524:
4514:
4339:
4334:
4071:
4065:
3877:
3873:
3855:
3822:
3764:
3754:
3722:
3174:
2474:
2462:
2414:
2324:
2266:
2255:
2108:
1969:
1957:
1800:
1570:
1558:
1430:
1425:
1305:
1152:
959:
The map showing the Eastern Chagatai Khanate (Moghulistan) as of the year 1372 AD
943:
847:
806:
802:
740:
464:
456:
295:
59:
1481:
609:
in these regions quickly adopted the local culture. For example, in the Persian
5040:
4974:
4939:
4904:
4753:
4605:
4393:
4329:
4272:
4059:
3958:
3850:
3729:
3622:
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3494:
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3007:. Cambridge University Press for the Royal Asiatic Society. 1898. p. 725.
2832:
2422:
2418:
2251:
2208:
1981:
1945:
1920:
1884:
1788:
1513:
1421:
1284:
1192:
1174:
1141:
981:
928:
924:
798:
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645:
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488:
448:
444:
309:
149:
69:
2758:Сочинения. Том V. Работы по истории и филологии тюркских и монгольских народов
1366:), forcibly converting them to Islam and putting an end to the Uyghur polity.
1044:
5129:
4984:
4954:
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4715:
4494:
4469:
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2522:
2482:
2271:
2233:
1932:
1740:
1728:
1650:
1578:
1092:
997:
901:
863:
858:. The Uyghur khans had voluntarily become Mongol vassals during the reign of
744:
739:
Aside from the towns, which were at the foot of the mountains, nearly all of
677:
661:
634:
594:
480:
281:
168:
24:
3545:
3469:
3422:
1408:, but was able to secure his release both times. Uvais Khan was followed by
781:, which is an imprecise term for certain western, then Muslim oasis cities.
597:, they lived as minorities in many of the regions they had subdued, such as
5004:
4989:
4934:
4919:
4914:
4700:
4567:
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4309:
4248:
3684:
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1316:
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1268:
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1005:
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917:
909:
883:
879:
859:
851:
630:
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and Persian culture after less than half a century, while the khans of the
557:
527:
436:
386:
192:
2816:
Ethnicity, Authority, and Power in Central Asia: New Games Great and Small
2481:. Descendants of the Chagatayid house submitted to the Qing and ruled the
1438:
731:
499:"Moghulistan" is a Persian name and simply means "Land of the Moghuls" or
4979:
4969:
4725:
4648:
4479:
4299:
4195:
4159:
4024:
3812:
3637:
3627:
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132:
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428:
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the southern. The eastern border usually was slightly to the east of
774:
763:
724:
697:
685:
681:
610:
561:
440:
413:
390:
382:
3246:. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007; London: C. Hurst, 2007.
2837:
Dislocating China: Muslims, Minorities, and Other Subaltern Subjects
2436:, who were influential religious leaders in the 16th century of the
523:
in Persian) in reference to the eastern branch of the ethnic Mongol
4894:
4705:
4638:
4324:
4222:
4149:
4053:
3994:
3982:
3976:
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3179:(illustrated ed.). Columbia University Press. pp. 86–88.
3005:
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland
2633:Монгольская дипломатика XIII-XV вв: чингизидские жалованные грамоты
2444:
2347:
2261:
2151:
2005:
1896:
1534:
1508:
After Yunus Khan's death his territories were divided by his sons.
1500:"Zagathay Tartari" shown in control of the lands east of the Lower
1467:
1412:(1428–1462), who frequently raided the Timurid Empire to the west.
1384:
1374:
1324:
1320:
973:
965:
867:
709:
705:
689:
648:, there are "some indications that the language of the Moghuls was
626:
424:
402:
142:
128:
20:
4118:
2939:
World History: Before 1600: The Development of Early Civilizations
1358:, then personally led a holy war against "Khitay" (the Uyghurs in
976:, controlled extensive territories in Moghulistan and the western
5020:
4899:
4633:
4613:
4585:
4190:
3385:
2451:
2103:
1860:
1716:
1680:
1645:
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1582:
1554:
1463:
1283:
regime. The Moghuls had sent an unsuccessful supplication to the
1276:
1034:
964:
Tarmashirin's death. One of the khans that followed Tarmashirin,
862:
and as a result were allowed to retain their territories. As the
790:
606:
500:
484:
460:
374:
4643:
4628:
4623:
4185:
3447:
3292:
The Tarikh-i-Rashidi (a History of the Moghuls of Central Asia)
2603:
2517:
2426:
2156:
2098:
1692:
1562:
1486:
1459:
1404:. He was usually defeated and even captured twice by the Oirat
1378:
1370:
1359:
1214:
855:
842:
827:
822:
723:
Central East Asia in 1450. The Moghuls controlled Moghulistan,
590:
575:
516:
492:
452:
435:. Although the rulers enjoyed great wealth from trade with the
370:
3254:
The Tarikh-i-Rashidi: a History of the Moghuls of Central Asia
719:
4590:
4434:
4282:
4018:
3988:
3946:
3569:
3452:
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united and expelled the Mongols from China, establishing the
1297:
1001:
989:
835:
794:
770:
669:
618:
602:
432:
406:
337:
886:, introduced it for a different, Muslim population in 1934.
3435:
2635:. Ленинград: Изд-во Ленинградкого университета. p. 12.
2490:
2443:
order. The Khans increasingly gave up secular power to the
2437:
2413:
In the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, the
931:; most of modern knowledge about the region comes from the
638:
598:
586:
538:
mostly uses the term "East Chagatai Khanate" (Chinese:
920:
in Russia, which waged destructive wars with one another.
900:
Arguments about succession resulted in the breakup of the
87:
Location of Moghulistan (Eastern Chagatai Khanate) in 1490
1446:
Late in his reign Esen Buqa was contested by his brother
2936:
2450:
The khojas themselves were divided into two sects: the
1477:
founded a breakaway eastern Khanate in greater Turpan.
1458:
in 1469, Yunus Khan reunited the khanate, defeated the
2664:. Brill. pp. 290, 299, 302–304, 306–307, 310–316.
1319:(1368–1644), Yuan Mongol refugees, principally of the
668:
region. It was bounded on the west by the province of
530:
who ruled it. The term "Moghulistan" occurs mostly in
2839:. University of Chicago press. pp. 213–214, 217.
2550:
1569:
in a failed 1533 attack on Tibet he was succeeded by
423:
In actuality, local control rested with local Mongol
3327:
3130:
Ahmad Hasan Dani, Vadim Mikhaĭlovich Masson (2003).
2800:. Vol. 1. Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 318.
1565:. After Sultan Said Khan's death from high altitude
866:
was split up in the middle of the 13th century, the
3933:
1549:(1514–1533) conquered the western Tarim Basin from
938:
560:Mandarins called the Moghuls "the Mongol tribes in
556:, from which the Persian term "Moghulistan" comes.
3698:Split into Western and Eastern Khanates. See also:
2941:. Vol. 1. Cengage Learning. pp. 431–432.
2913:. Leiden; Boston : Brill. 2000. p. 315.
2960:
841:The Buddhist kingdom in Beijiang centered around
5127:
3706:List of khans of the Yarkent and Turpan khanates
3102:
467:conquered the region by the early 18th century.
16:Mongol breakaway khanate of the Chagatai Khanate
2630:
1392:residual states and domains by the 15th century
2755:
1512:(1487–1503), who ruled eastern Moghulistan or
381:and a historical geographic area north of the
4134:
3919:
3313:
2394:
2343:Xinjiang Province, People's Republic of China
2034:
2798:Chinese Central Asia; a ride to Little Tibet
2773:The Mongol Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia
2688:Lach, Donald F.; Van Kley, Edwin J. (1994),
2687:
2624:
2485:(1696–1930) as vassals of China until 1930.
762:), as opposed to the "Northern" route, i.e.
2988:Four Studies on the History of Central Asia
2809:
2807:
2770:
2749:
2493:Emperors of China in the mid-18th century.
821:(Karghalik) for Aksu. During Yaqub's rule,
483:, who took them for representatives of the
479:"Moghul" envoys seen in Beijing in 1656 by
5051:East Turkistan National Awakening Movement
4675:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
4141:
4127:
3926:
3912:
3780:Sultan Ahmad Khan (Pulat Khan) (1636-1638)
3776:Sultan Ahmad Khan (Pulat Khan) (1630-1633)
3320:
3306:
3244:Eurasian Crossroads: a History of Xinjiang
3209:History of Civilizations of Central Asia 5
3176:Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang
3106:History of Central Asia, The: 4-volume set
2963:Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang
2835:(2004). "The ethnogenesis of the Uyghur".
2827:
2825:
2401:
2387:
2041:
2027:
1396:Moghul rule in the region was restored by
935:, the only primary source for the region.
491:(1914–2010) classifies them visitors from
2932:
2930:
633:" and the area they occupied was called "
3271:
3172:
3098:
3096:
2985:
2813:
2804:
2795:
2692:, Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
2513:List of medieval Mongol tribes and clans
1495:
1437:
1429:
1383:
1339:and Isi areas against the Chagatai Khan
954:
942:
730:
718:
593:in the 13th century and constructed the
474:
228:• Moghulistan split into two parts
4254:Protectorate General to Pacify the West
4007:Protectorate General to Pacify the West
3778:Mahmud Sultan (Qilich Khan) (1633–1636)
3524:Split into Western and Eastern Khanates
2910:textsThe Mongol empire & its legacy
2831:
2822:
2717:
2715:
2713:
1462:and maintained good relations with the
1415:
968:, favored the east and was non-Muslim.
5128:
2927:
1442:Division of Yarkent and Turpan in 1517
1248:Moghulistan and main polities in Asia
1223:
1181:
1172:
1150:
1119:
548:), which contrasts Moghulistan to the
4206:Chief Official of the Western Regions
4122:
3907:
3301:
3093:
2721:
2678:, or "worthless people." Elias, p. 75
2652:
2650:
2648:
2646:
2644:
2642:
1588:
1212:
1161:
1099:
1090:
1079:
1068:
1050:
1041:
1032:
5108:
4293:Turkic settlement of the Tarim Basin
3848:Muhammad Khan ibn Mansur Khan (1570)
3774:Abd al-Latif (Afak) Khan (1618–1630)
3206:
2710:
2477:, but the Zunghars were expelled by
2319:Xinjiang Province, Republic of China
1343:in the 1330s upon his conversion to
1232:
1139:
1130:
1108:
1059:
393:. That area today includes parts of
218:• Formation of the Moghulistan
5156:Former countries in Chinese history
4201:Protectorate of the Western Regions
4148:
3965:Protectorate of the Western Regions
2818:. Taylor & Francis. p. 45.
2724:Xinjiang: China's Muslim Borderland
2681:
2656:
2546:
1201:
1190:
585:When the Mongols conquered most of
13:
5046:East Turkistan Government in Exile
4854:2014 China–Vietnam border shootout
2760:. Москва: Наука. pp. 169–170.
2662:The Mongol Empire & Its Legacy
2639:
1581:in India and eventually conquered
700:(southern Xinjiang, including the
14:
5182:
3866:Sultan Said Baba Khan (1655–1680)
2354:Production and Construction Corps
385:mountain range, on the border of
5151:Former countries in Central Asia
5107:
5096:
5095:
4553:Xinjiang Agricultural University
4107:Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
3056:Muhammad Haidar Mirza, pp. 69–70
2965:. Hurst Publishers. p. 69.
2348:Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
2189:Medieval and early modern period
2077:
1604:
1043:
1027:
939:Division of the Chagatai Khanate
896:Timeline of the Chagatai Khanate
817:(Maralbishi) for Uch-Turfan or
314:
300:
286:
261:
81:
4879:Persecution of Uyghurs in China
3949:(5th century BC–5th century AD)
3934:Historical polities in Xinjiang
3862:Abu'l Muhammad Khan (1636-1653)
3236:
3224:
3215:
3200:
3166:
3157:
3148:
3123:
3084:
3059:
3050:
3041:
3032:
3023:
3014:
2997:
2979:
2954:
2945:
2901:
2892:
2883:
2870:
2861:
2852:
2843:
2814:Canfield, Robert Leroy (2010).
2789:
2764:
2726:. M.E. Sharpe. pp. 45–47.
2368:Persecution of Uyghurs in China
1434:Moghulistan in the 15th century
1287:of China pleading for help, as
4799:September 2009 Xinjiang unrest
4423:Second East Turkestan Republic
4377:Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas
3808:Muhammad Imin Khan (1690-1692)
2740:
2668:
2608:
2599:
2591:
2581:
2576:
2568:
2535:
1553:in 1514 and set himself up in
1020:
758:
570:
544:
539:
1:
4691:Apak Khoja and Xiang Fei Tomb
4418:First East Turkestan Republic
4345:Dzungar conquest of Altishahr
3787:Nur ad-Din Sultan (1667-1668)
2705:Revista degli studi orientali
2618:
1575:Mirza Muhammad Haidar Dughlat
1249:
676:, while the southern area of
4844:2013 Tiananmen Square attack
4829:Tianjin Airlines Flight 7554
4387:Holy War of the Seven Khojas
3796:Ismail Khan (2nd. 1670-1678)
3276:, Rutgers University Press,
3134:. UNESCO. pp. 111–112.
3047:Muhammad Haidar Mirza, p. 58
2722:Starr, S. Frederick (2004).
2690:Asia in the Making of Europe
655:
470:
7:
4869:Assassination of Juma Tayir
4558:Xinjiang Medical University
3667:Uwais Khan (2nd. 1425–1429)
3173:Millward, James A. (2007).
2951:Barthold, "Dughlat", p. 622
2551:
2496:
2335:2nd East Turkestan Republic
2330:1st East Turkestan Republic
1994:Mongolian People's Republic
870:region was assigned to the
439:, it was beset by constant
10:
5187:
5073:China–Kyrgyzstan relations
5068:China–Kazakhstan relations
4435:People's Republic of China
3864:Ibrahim Sultan (1653–1655)
2961:James A. Millward (2007).
1529:(1503–1545), who captured
1419:
893:
889:
752:Shan route" (Chinese:
431:Sufis in their respective
18:
5091:
5013:
4887:
4874:Xinjiang internment camps
4739:
4683:
4662:
4604:
4566:
4538:
4450:
4171:
4157:
4087:
4034:
3939:
3860:Abduraim Khan (1591-1636)
3715:
3633:Qamar-ud-din Khan Dughlat
3340:
3109:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
3103:Christoph Baumer (2018).
2631:Григорьев А. П. (1978).
2560:
2364:Xinjiang internment camps
1004:inspired his territorial
753:
565:
330:
240:
236:
226:
216:
212:
202:
198:
186:
174:
162:
158:
148:
138:
124:
102:
92:
80:
46:
32:
5078:China–Pakistan relations
4859:April 2014 Ürümqi attack
4839:June 2013 Shanshan riots
4769:1997 Ürümqi bus bombings
4530:Lanzhou–Xinjiang railway
4095:Xinjiang under Qing rule
3810:Yahiya Khoja (1692–1695)
3794:YuIbars Khan (1669–1670)
3770:Shudja ad Din Ahmad Khan
3400:Mubarak Shah (2nd. 1266)
2986:Barthold, V. V. (1962).
2796:Lansdell, Henry (1894).
2775:. ABC-CLIO. p. 49.
2757:
2756:Бартольд В. В. (1968).
2632:
2528:
2172:Eastern Turkic Khaganate
2167:Western Turkic Khaganate
367:Eastern Chagatai Khanate
19:Not to be confused with
4834:April 2013 Bachu unrest
4654:Chinese Islamic cuisine
3382:Qara Hülëgü (2nd. 1252)
3272:Grousset, Rene (1970),
3207:Adle, Chahryar (2003),
2876:After the execution of
2707:, XXVI (1951), 124-127
2177:Second Turkic Khaganate
1489:in favor of the Mongol
1300:(tax) on the lucrative
5083:China–Turkey relations
4864:May 2014 Ürümqi attack
4794:July 2009 Ürümqi riots
4399:Reconquest of Xinjiang
4259:Four Garrisons of Anxi
3462:Kebek (2nd. 1318–1325)
3290:Elias, N. Commentary.
2990:. Brill. p. 149.
2503:List of Chagatai khans
2162:First Turkic Khaganate
1551:Mirza Abu Bakr Dughlat
1545:Mansur Khan's brother
1505:
1443:
1435:
1393:
1273:Mirza Abu Bakr Dughlat
960:
952:
912:(1279–1368) in China,
736:
728:
536:Chinese historiography
496:
5063:World Uyghur Congress
5056:Independence movement
5026:Migration to Xinjiang
4819:Pishan hostage crisis
3799:Abd ar-Rashid Khan II
3505:Qazan Khan ibn Yasaur
3274:Empire of the Steppes
3250:Mirza Muhammad Haidar
3154:Grousset, pp. 499–500
2508:List of Mongol states
1873:Northern Yuan dynasty
1729:Khamag Mongol Khanate
1499:
1454:. After the death of
1441:
1433:
1387:
958:
946:
830:the western, and the
809:; two definitions by
734:
722:
532:Soviet historiography
478:
459:based on the city of
451:based on the city of
443:and invasions by the
103:Common languages
4814:2011 Kashgar attacks
4759:1992 Ürümqi bombings
4711:Grand Bazaar, Ürümqi
4490:Gurbantünggüt Desert
4266:Beiting Protectorate
3500:Muhammad I ibn Pulad
3221:Grousset, pp. 527–28
2771:Timothy May (2016).
2609:Dōng Chágětái Hánguó
1416:Split of Moghulistan
1245:class=notpageimage|
747:or leaders from the
578:for Moghulistan was
545:Dōng Cháhétái Hànguó
5000:Ghulam Osman Yaghma
4849:2014 Kunming attack
4824:2012 Yecheng attack
4784:2008 Kashgar attack
4684:Visitor attractions
4548:Xinjiang University
4510:Karakoram Mountains
4382:Afaqi Khoja revolts
4288:Kara-Khanid Khanate
4013:Kara-Khanid Khanate
3403:Ghiyas-ud-din Baraq
3258:Edward Denison Ross
3242:Millward, James A.
3163:Grousset, pp. 500–1
3090:Grousset, pp. 495–7
3020:Grousset, pp. 491–5
2858:Grousset, pp. 343–4
2596:traditional Chinese
2573:traditional Chinese
2262:Ming ruled Kara Del
2219:Kara-Khanid Khanate
1470:from the Timurids.
876:Chinese Nationalist
735:Moghulistan in 1490
605:. As a result, the
487:of India. However,
5166:Mongol rump states
4779:2008 Uyghur unrest
4774:2007 Xinjiang raid
4749:1989 Ürümqi unrest
4596:Tocharian clothing
3573:(de facto rulers)
3544:(de facto rulers)
3434:(de facto rulers)
2588:simplified Chinese
2565:simplified Chinese
2195:Tang Protectorates
1849:Jalairid Sultanate
1589:Rule of the Khojas
1506:
1444:
1436:
1394:
961:
953:
737:
729:
497:
361:, also called the
5171:Former monarchies
5123:
5122:
5036:Chinese Turkestan
4809:2011 Hotan attack
4804:2010 Aksu bombing
4789:Shaoguan incident
4741:Xinjiang conflict
4696:Flaming Mountains
4586:Meshrep gathering
4505:Turpan Depression
4500:Taklamakan Desert
4484:Southern Xinjiang
4440:PRC incorporation
4406:Republic of China
4350:Dzungar–Qing Wars
4213:Kingdom of Khotan
4116:
4115:
4001:Kingdom of Khotan
3940:Pre-Mongol Empire
3901:
3900:
3896:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3887:
3886:
3600:(de facto ruler)
3591:(de facto ruler)
3582:(de facto ruler)
3553:(de facto ruler)
3514:(de facto ruler)
3421:(de facto ruler)
3412:(de facto ruler)
3230:Elias, pp. 125–26
3186:978-0-231-13924-3
3141:978-92-3-103876-1
3116:978-1-83860-867-5
2972:978-1-84904-067-9
2920:978-90-04-11946-8
2782:978-1-61069-340-0
2699:978-0-226-46734-4
2411:
2410:
2359:Xinjiang conflict
2127:Kingdom of Khotan
2051:
2050:
1523:Muhammad Shaybani
908:in Central Asia,
904:in Asia into the
811:Albert von Le Coq
783:Shoqan Walikhanov
694:Turpan Depression
674:Karatau Mountains
515:for "Mongol" and
356:
355:
326:
325:
322:
321:
274:
273:
188:• 1429–1462
176:• 1363–1368
164:• 1347–1363
5178:
5146:Chagatai Khanate
5111:
5110:
5099:
5098:
4520:Kunlun Mountains
4355:Dzungar genocide
4315:Chagatai Khanate
4278:Uyghur Khaganate
4218:Sixteen Kingdoms
4143:
4136:
4129:
4120:
4119:
4042:Chagatai Khanate
3928:
3921:
3914:
3905:
3904:
3760:Abdul Karim Khan
3750:Sultan Said Khan
3718:
3717:
3713:
3712:
3660:(1st. 1418–1421)
3455:(1st. 1309–1310)
3440:Duwa (1306-1307)
3393:(1st. 1252–1260)
3375:(1st. 1242–1246)
3343:
3342:
3329:Chagatai Khanate
3322:
3315:
3308:
3299:
3298:
3286:
3231:
3228:
3222:
3219:
3213:
3212:
3204:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3193:
3170:
3164:
3161:
3155:
3152:
3146:
3145:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3100:
3091:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3078:
3069:. Archived from
3063:
3057:
3054:
3048:
3045:
3039:
3036:
3030:
3029:Grousset, p. 495
3027:
3021:
3018:
3012:
3011:
3001:
2995:
2994:
2983:
2977:
2976:
2958:
2952:
2949:
2943:
2942:
2934:
2925:
2924:
2905:
2899:
2896:
2890:
2887:
2881:
2874:
2868:
2865:
2859:
2856:
2850:
2849:Grousset, p. 341
2847:
2841:
2840:
2829:
2820:
2819:
2811:
2802:
2801:
2793:
2787:
2786:
2768:
2762:
2761:
2753:
2747:
2744:
2738:
2737:
2719:
2708:
2702:
2685:
2679:
2672:
2666:
2665:
2654:
2637:
2636:
2628:
2612:
2610:
2601:
2593:
2585:
2579:
2578:
2570:
2562:
2554:
2548:
2539:
2403:
2396:
2389:
2288:Dzungar genocide
2242:Chagatai Khanate
2224:Kingdom of Qocho
2214:Uyghur Khaganate
2115:Han Protectorate
2081:
2071:
2053:
2052:
2043:
2036:
2029:
2013:
2012:
2001:
2000:
1989:
1988:
1977:
1976:
1965:
1964:
1953:
1952:
1941:
1940:
1928:
1927:
1916:
1915:
1904:
1903:
1892:
1891:
1880:
1879:
1868:
1867:
1856:
1855:
1844:
1843:
1832:
1831:
1820:
1819:
1808:
1807:
1796:
1795:
1784:
1783:
1772:
1771:
1765:Chagatai Khanate
1760:
1759:
1748:
1747:
1736:
1735:
1724:
1723:
1712:
1711:
1700:
1699:
1688:
1687:
1676:
1675:
1608:
1593:
1592:
1547:Sultan Said Khan
1306:tributary status
1282:
1275:took control of
1254:
1251:
1239:
1237:
1230:
1228:
1221:
1219:
1210:
1208:
1199:
1197:
1188:
1186:
1179:
1177:
1170:
1168:
1159:
1157:
1148:
1146:
1137:
1135:
1128:
1126:
1117:
1115:
1106:
1104:
1097:
1095:
1088:
1086:
1077:
1075:
1066:
1064:
1057:
1055:
1048:
1047:
1039:
1037:
1031:
933:Tarikh-i-Rashidi
906:Chagatai Khanate
882:, following the
760:
755:
692:, including the
574:)". The Timurid
572:
567:
546:
541:
401:, and northwest
379:Chagatai Khanate
318:
317:
304:
303:
290:
289:
278:
277:
269:Chagatai Khanate
265:
264:
258:
257:
242:
241:
207:Late Middle Ages
112:(initial period)
85:
73:
63:
53:
30:
29:
5186:
5185:
5181:
5180:
5179:
5177:
5176:
5175:
5126:
5125:
5124:
5119:
5087:
5009:
4995:Shirzat Bawudun
4950:Saifuddin Azizi
4883:
4764:Ghulja incident
4735:
4679:
4670:Cotton industry
4658:
4600:
4562:
4534:
4525:Pamir Mountains
4515:Altai Mountains
4446:
4340:Dzungar Khanate
4335:Yarkent Khanate
4167:
4153:
4147:
4117:
4112:
4083:
4072:Dzungar Khanate
4066:Yarkent Khanate
4030:
3997:(?–9th century)
3955:(200 BC-709 AD)
3935:
3932:
3902:
3897:
3888:
3883:
3878:Dzungar Khanate
3874:Yarkent Khanate
3872:Annexed by the
3867:
3865:
3863:
3861:
3859:
3856:Muhammad Sultan
3854:
3849:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3828:
3823:Dzungar Khanate
3821:Annexed by the
3816:
3811:
3809:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3795:
3793:
3788:
3786:
3781:
3779:
3777:
3775:
3773:
3768:
3765:Muhammad Sultan
3763:
3758:
3755:Abdurashid Khan
3753:
3748:
3743:
3723:Yarkent Khanate
3711:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3617:
3610:Annexed by the
3605:
3596:
3587:
3578:
3563:
3558:
3549:
3528:
3519:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3439:
3426:
3417:
3406:
3401:
3399:
3394:
3383:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3336:
3326:
3284:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3225:
3220:
3216:
3205:
3201:
3191:
3189:
3187:
3171:
3167:
3162:
3158:
3153:
3149:
3142:
3128:
3124:
3117:
3101:
3094:
3089:
3085:
3076:
3074:
3065:
3064:
3060:
3055:
3051:
3046:
3042:
3037:
3033:
3028:
3024:
3019:
3015:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2984:
2980:
2973:
2959:
2955:
2950:
2946:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2897:
2893:
2888:
2884:
2875:
2871:
2866:
2862:
2857:
2853:
2848:
2844:
2830:
2823:
2812:
2805:
2794:
2790:
2783:
2769:
2765:
2759:
2754:
2750:
2745:
2741:
2734:
2720:
2711:
2700:
2686:
2682:
2673:
2669:
2655:
2640:
2634:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2616:
2615:
2586:
2582:
2540:
2536:
2531:
2499:
2475:Zunghar Khanate
2463:Dzungar Khanate
2415:Yarkent Khanate
2407:
2378:
2377:
2325:Xinjiang clique
2314:
2306:
2305:
2298:Qing reconquest
2267:Dzungar Khanate
2190:
2182:
2181:
2119:Chief Officials
2109:Western Regions
2089:
2069:
2062:
2047:
2018:
2017:
2014:
2010:
2009:
2002:
1998:
1997:
1990:
1986:
1985:
1978:
1974:
1973:
1970:Dzungar Khanate
1966:
1962:
1961:
1958:Khoshut Khanate
1954:
1950:
1949:
1942:
1938:
1937:
1929:
1925:
1924:
1917:
1913:
1912:
1905:
1901:
1900:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1881:
1877:
1876:
1869:
1865:
1864:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1833:
1829:
1828:
1821:
1817:
1816:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1801:Yarkent Khanate
1797:
1793:
1792:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1773:
1769:
1768:
1761:
1757:
1756:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1737:
1733:
1732:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1713:
1709:
1708:
1701:
1697:
1696:
1689:
1685:
1684:
1681:Khereid Khanate
1677:
1673:
1672:
1669:Mongol khanates
1664:
1596:History of the
1591:
1571:Abdurashid Khan
1559:Yarkent Khanate
1428:
1426:Yarkent Khanate
1420:Main articles:
1418:
1280:
1257:
1256:
1255:
1252:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1133:
1131:
1129:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1042:
1040:
1035:
1033:
1023:
984:to the throne.
941:
916:in Persia, and
898:
892:
658:
495:in Moghulistan.
473:
465:Dzungar Khanate
457:Yarkent Khanate
352:
315:
301:
296:Yarkent Khanate
287:
262:
229:
219:
189:
177:
165:
120:
88:
76:
67:
57:
51:
42:
38:
35:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5184:
5174:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5141:Mongol peoples
5138:
5121:
5120:
5118:
5117:
5105:
5092:
5089:
5088:
5086:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5059:
5058:
5048:
5043:
5041:East Turkestan
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5017:
5015:
5011:
5010:
5008:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4977:
4975:Zhang Chunxian
4972:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4940:Ehmetjan Qasim
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4905:Jahangir Khoja
4902:
4897:
4891:
4889:
4885:
4884:
4882:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4754:Barin uprising
4751:
4745:
4743:
4737:
4736:
4734:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4687:
4685:
4681:
4680:
4678:
4677:
4672:
4666:
4664:
4660:
4659:
4657:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4610:
4608:
4602:
4601:
4599:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4576:Doppa Festival
4572:
4570:
4564:
4563:
4561:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4544:
4542:
4536:
4535:
4533:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4477:
4467:
4462:
4456:
4454:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4443:
4442:
4432:
4431:
4430:
4420:
4415:
4414:
4413:
4403:
4402:
4401:
4396:
4394:General of Ili
4391:
4390:
4389:
4379:
4374:
4364:
4359:
4358:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4337:
4332:
4330:Turpan Khanate
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4296:
4295:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4273:Tibetan Empire
4270:
4269:
4268:
4263:
4262:
4261:
4246:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4209:
4208:
4203:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4177:
4175:
4169:
4168:
4158:
4155:
4154:
4146:
4145:
4138:
4131:
4123:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4104:
4101:Xinjiang (ROC)
4098:
4091:
4089:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4081:
4075:
4069:
4063:
4060:Turpan Khanate
4057:
4051:
4045:
4038:
4036:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4028:
4022:
4016:
4010:
4004:
3998:
3992:
3986:
3980:
3974:
3968:
3962:
3959:Loulan Kingdom
3956:
3950:
3943:
3941:
3937:
3936:
3931:
3930:
3923:
3916:
3908:
3899:
3898:
3894:
3893:
3890:
3889:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3851:Koraish Sultan
3831:
3829:
3827:
3826:
3737:
3734:
3733:
3730:Turpan Khanate
3726:
3716:
3710:
3709:
3701:
3700:
3623:Tughlugh Timur
3620:
3618:
3616:
3615:
3612:Timurid Empire
3560:Tughlugh Timur
3531:
3529:
3527:
3526:
3365:
3362:
3361:
3354:
3347:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3325:
3324:
3317:
3310:
3302:
3296:
3295:
3288:
3282:
3269:
3247:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3232:
3223:
3214:
3199:
3185:
3165:
3156:
3147:
3140:
3122:
3115:
3092:
3083:
3058:
3049:
3040:
3031:
3022:
3013:
2996:
2978:
2971:
2953:
2944:
2926:
2919:
2900:
2891:
2882:
2869:
2867:Kim, pp. 302–3
2860:
2851:
2842:
2821:
2803:
2788:
2781:
2763:
2748:
2739:
2732:
2709:
2698:
2680:
2667:
2638:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2580:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2498:
2495:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2405:
2398:
2391:
2383:
2380:
2379:
2376:
2375:
2374:
2373:
2372:
2371:
2356:
2345:
2340:
2339:
2338:
2332:
2327:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2304:
2303:
2302:
2301:
2295:
2290:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2245:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2209:Tibetan Empire
2206:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2090:
2088:Ancient period
2087:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2074:
2073:
2064:
2063:
2056:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2038:
2031:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2008:
2003:
1996:
1991:
1984:
1982:Bogd Khaganate
1979:
1972:
1967:
1960:
1955:
1948:
1946:Kalmyk Khanate
1943:
1936:
1930:
1923:
1921:Arghun dynasty
1918:
1911:
1906:
1899:
1894:
1887:
1885:Timurid Empire
1882:
1875:
1870:
1863:
1858:
1851:
1846:
1839:
1834:
1827:
1822:
1815:
1810:
1803:
1798:
1791:
1789:Turpan Khanate
1786:
1779:
1774:
1767:
1762:
1755:
1750:
1743:
1738:
1731:
1726:
1719:
1717:Naiman Khanate
1714:
1707:
1702:
1695:
1693:Merkit Khanate
1690:
1683:
1678:
1671:
1665:
1660:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1610:
1609:
1601:
1600:
1590:
1587:
1514:Turpan Khanate
1422:Turpan Khanate
1417:
1414:
1335:rebels of the
1285:Hongwu Emperor
1281:Qamar-ud-Din's
1267:, because the
1243:
1242:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1019:
982:Tughlugh Timur
940:
937:
929:Timurid Empire
925:Tughlugh Timur
891:
888:
785:names them as
759:Tiānshān Nánlù
756:; pinyin:
657:
654:
646:Vasily Bartold
568:; pinyin:
564:(Chinese:
550:Timurid Empire
542:; pinyin:
489:Luciano Petech
472:
469:
449:Turpan Khanate
445:Timurid Empire
418:Moghul Khanate
363:Moghul Khanate
354:
353:
351:
350:
345:
340:
334:
332:
328:
327:
324:
323:
320:
319:
312:
310:Turpan Khanate
306:
305:
298:
292:
291:
284:
275:
272:
271:
266:
254:
253:
248:
238:
237:
234:
233:
230:
227:
224:
223:
220:
217:
214:
213:
210:
209:
204:
203:Historical era
200:
199:
196:
195:
190:
187:
184:
183:
178:
175:
172:
171:
166:
163:
160:
159:
156:
155:
152:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
126:
122:
121:
119:
118:
113:
106:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
86:
78:
77:
75:
74:
64:
54:
47:
44:
43:
36:
33:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5183:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5133:
5131:
5116:
5115:
5106:
5104:
5103:
5094:
5093:
5090:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5057:
5054:
5053:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5021:Uyghur people
5019:
5018:
5016:
5012:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4985:Salih Hudayar
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4955:Rebiya Kadeer
4953:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4930:Sabit Damolla
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4892:
4890:
4886:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4744:
4742:
4738:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4716:Id Kah Mosque
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4682:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4667:
4665:
4661:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4611:
4609:
4607:
4603:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4573:
4571:
4569:
4565:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4545:
4543:
4541:
4537:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4495:Kumtag Desert
4493:
4491:
4488:
4485:
4481:
4478:
4475:
4471:
4470:Junggar Basin
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4449:
4441:
4438:
4437:
4436:
4433:
4429:
4428:Ili Rebellion
4426:
4425:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4412:
4411:Xinjiang Wars
4409:
4408:
4407:
4404:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4388:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4369:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4362:Kumul Khanate
4360:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4342:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4305:Mongol Empire
4303:
4301:
4298:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4267:
4264:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4255:
4252:
4251:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4233:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4198:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4178:
4176:
4174:
4170:
4165:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4144:
4139:
4137:
4132:
4130:
4125:
4124:
4121:
4108:
4105:
4102:
4099:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4086:
4079:
4078:Kumul Khanate
4076:
4073:
4070:
4067:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4055:
4052:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4039:
4037:
4033:
4026:
4023:
4020:
4017:
4014:
4011:
4008:
4005:
4002:
3999:
3996:
3993:
3990:
3987:
3984:
3981:
3978:
3975:
3972:
3971:Jushi Kingdom
3969:
3966:
3963:
3960:
3957:
3954:
3953:Shule Kingdom
3951:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3938:
3929:
3924:
3922:
3917:
3915:
3910:
3909:
3906:
3880:
3879:
3876:and then the
3875:
3870:
3869:
3868:
3857:
3852:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3824:
3819:
3818:
3817:
3814:
3805:
3800:
3791:
3784:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3724:
3720:
3719:
3714:
3708:
3707:
3703:
3702:
3699:
3696:
3695:
3694:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3680:Dost Muhammad
3676:
3671:
3664:
3663:Sher Muhammad
3659:
3654:
3653:Naqsh-i-Jahan
3649:
3648:Muhammad Khan
3644:
3643:Shams-i-Jahan
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3613:
3608:
3607:
3606:
3603:
3602:Sultan Mahmud
3599:
3594:
3590:
3585:
3581:
3576:
3572:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3552:
3547:
3543:
3542:
3537:
3536:
3535:Amir Qazaghan
3530:
3525:
3522:
3521:
3520:
3517:
3513:
3512:
3511:Amir Qazaghan
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3424:
3420:
3415:
3411:
3410:
3404:
3397:
3392:
3388:
3387:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3368:Chagatai Khan
3364:
3363:
3359:
3355:
3352:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3333:List of khans
3330:
3323:
3318:
3316:
3311:
3309:
3304:
3303:
3300:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3283:0-8135-1304-9
3279:
3275:
3270:
3267:
3266:81-86787-02-X
3263:
3259:
3255:
3251:
3248:
3245:
3241:
3240:
3227:
3218:
3211:, p. 193
3210:
3203:
3188:
3182:
3178:
3177:
3169:
3160:
3151:
3143:
3137:
3133:
3126:
3118:
3112:
3108:
3107:
3099:
3097:
3087:
3073:on 2019-08-22
3072:
3068:
3062:
3053:
3044:
3035:
3026:
3017:
3010:
3006:
3000:
2993:
2989:
2982:
2974:
2968:
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2957:
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2933:
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2922:
2916:
2912:
2911:
2904:
2895:
2886:
2879:
2873:
2864:
2855:
2846:
2838:
2834:
2828:
2826:
2817:
2810:
2808:
2799:
2792:
2784:
2778:
2774:
2767:
2752:
2743:
2735:
2733:0-7656-1317-4
2729:
2725:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2706:
2701:
2695:
2691:
2684:
2677:
2671:
2663:
2659:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2643:
2627:
2623:
2611:
2605:
2597:
2589:
2584:
2574:
2566:
2558:
2553:
2544:
2538:
2534:
2524:
2523:Mughal Empire
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2494:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2483:Kumul Khanate
2480:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2464:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2439:
2435:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2404:
2399:
2397:
2392:
2390:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2381:
2369:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2351:
2350:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2313:Modern period
2310:
2309:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2293:Dungan Revolt
2291:
2289:
2285:
2284:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2272:Kumul Khanate
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2234:Mongol Empire
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2186:
2185:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2147:Western Liang
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2054:
2044:
2039:
2037:
2032:
2030:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2021:
2007:
2004:
1995:
1992:
1983:
1980:
1971:
1968:
1959:
1956:
1947:
1944:
1934:
1933:Mughal Empire
1931:
1922:
1919:
1910:
1907:
1898:
1895:
1886:
1883:
1874:
1871:
1862:
1859:
1850:
1847:
1838:
1835:
1826:
1823:
1814:
1811:
1802:
1799:
1790:
1787:
1778:
1775:
1766:
1763:
1754:
1751:
1742:
1741:Mongol Empire
1739:
1730:
1727:
1718:
1715:
1706:
1705:Tatar Khanate
1703:
1694:
1691:
1682:
1679:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1663:
1658:
1657:
1652:
1651:Proto-Mongols
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1599:
1595:
1594:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1579:Mughal Empire
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1543:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1515:
1511:
1504:on a 1551 map
1503:
1498:
1494:
1492:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1476:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1456:Dost Muhammad
1453:
1449:
1440:
1432:
1427:
1423:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1391:
1386:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1309:
1308:to the Ming.
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1290:
1286:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1269:tribal chiefs
1266:
1262:
1246:
1238:
1229:
1220:
1209:
1198:
1187:
1178:
1169:
1167:
1158:
1147:
1136:
1127:
1116:
1105:
1096:
1094:NORTHERN YUAN
1087:
1076:
1065:
1056:
1046:
1038:
1030:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
985:
983:
979:
975:
969:
967:
957:
950:
945:
936:
934:
930:
926:
921:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
902:Mongol Empire
897:
887:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
864:Mongol Empire
861:
857:
853:
849:
844:
839:
837:
833:
829:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
767:
765:
761:
750:
746:
745:Dughlat amirs
742:
733:
727:, and Turpan.
726:
721:
717:
715:
712:and parts of
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
678:Lake Balkhash
675:
671:
667:
663:
653:
651:
647:
644:According to
642:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
595:Mongol Empire
592:
588:
583:
581:
577:
573:
571:Bié Shī Bā Lǐ
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
537:
533:
529:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
494:
490:
486:
482:
481:Johan Nieuhof
477:
468:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
421:
419:
415:
410:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
335:
333:
331:Today part of
329:
313:
311:
308:
307:
299:
297:
294:
293:
285:
283:
282:Kumul Khanate
280:
279:
276:
270:
267:
260:
259:
256:
255:
252:
249:
247:
244:
243:
239:
235:
231:
225:
221:
215:
211:
208:
205:
201:
197:
194:
191:
185:
182:
179:
173:
170:
169:Tughluk Timur
167:
161:
157:
153:
151:
147:
144:
141:
137:
134:
130:
127:
123:
117:
114:
111:
110:Middle Mongol
108:
107:
105:
101:
98:
95:
91:
84:
79:
71:
65:
61:
55:
49:
48:
45:
41:
31:
26:
25:Mughal Empire
22:
5112:
5100:
5005:Rahile Dawut
4990:Sattar Sawut
4935:Sheng Shicai
4920:Yang Zengxin
4915:Zuo Zongtang
4721:Karakul Lake
4701:Jiaohe ruins
4367:Qing dynasty
4319:
4310:Yuan dynasty
4249:Tang dynasty
4062:(1487-1660?)
4050:(1347–1680s)
4047:
3871:
3832:
3820:
3738:
3704:
3697:
3685:Kebek Sultan
3675:Esen Buqa II
3621:
3609:
3597:
3588:
3579:
3568:
3564:
3550:
3539:
3533:
3532:
3523:
3516:Danishmendji
3509:
3431:
3427:
3418:
3407:
3391:Mubarak Shah
3384:
3366:
3357:
3291:
3273:
3253:
3243:
3237:Bibliography
3226:
3217:
3208:
3202:
3190:. Retrieved
3175:
3168:
3159:
3150:
3131:
3125:
3105:
3086:
3075:. Retrieved
3071:the original
3061:
3052:
3043:
3038:Elias, p. 78
3034:
3025:
3016:
3008:
3004:
2999:
2991:
2987:
2981:
2962:
2956:
2947:
2938:
2909:
2903:
2894:
2885:
2872:
2863:
2854:
2845:
2836:
2833:Gladney, Dru
2815:
2797:
2791:
2772:
2766:
2751:
2742:
2723:
2704:
2689:
2683:
2675:
2670:
2661:
2626:
2607:
2583:
2537:
2467:
2460:
2456:Kara Taghlik
2449:
2431:
2412:
2247:
2132:Former Liang
2011:1992-present
1813:Golden Horde
1776:
1753:Yuan dynasty
1557:forming the
1544:
1507:
1485:the Islamic
1479:
1472:
1445:
1406:Esen Tayishi
1402:Lake Balkash
1395:
1390:Turco-Mongol
1368:
1349:
1317:Ming dynasty
1310:
1294:Ming dynasty
1261:Qamar-ud-Din
1258:
1165:
1103:PHAGMODRUPAS
1063:GOLDEN HORDE
1052:
1006:expansionism
986:
970:
962:
949:Central Asia
922:
918:Golden Horde
910:Yuan dynasty
899:
884:Soviet Union
880:Sheng Shicai
860:Genghis Khan
840:
768:
757:
738:
659:
643:
623:Yuan dynasty
615:Mongol khans
584:
580:Ulus-i Jatah
579:
569:
558:Ming dynasty
554:Mongghul Uls
553:
543:
520:
508:
504:
498:
463:, until the
437:Ming dynasty
422:
417:
411:
387:Central Asia
366:
362:
358:
357:
251:Succeeded by
250:
245:
193:Esen Buqa II
39:
5136:Moghulistan
4980:Ilham Tohti
4970:Wang Lequan
4726:Kizil Caves
4480:Tarim Basin
4320:Moghulistan
4300:Qara Khitai
4196:Han dynasty
4103:(1912-1992)
4097:(1757-1912)
4080:(1696–1930)
4074:(1634–1758)
4068:(1514–1705)
4056:(1389–1513)
4048:Moghulistan
4044:(1225–1370)
4027:(1124–1218)
4025:Qara Khitai
3979:(77 BC–630)
3967:(60 BC–107)
3858:(1588–1591)
3853:(1570–1588)
3846:(1543–1560)
3841:(1503–1548)
3839:Mansur Khan
3836:(1487–1503)
3815:(1695-1705)
3813:Akbash Khan
3806:(1680–1690)
3801:(1678–1680)
3792:(1st. 1669)
3790:Ismail Khan
3785:(1638–1669)
3772:(1610-1618)
3767:(1591–1610)
3762:(1560-1591)
3757:(1533–1560)
3752:(1514–1533)
3747:(1508–1514)
3745:Mansur Khan
3742:(1487–1508)
3740:Mahmud Khan
3692:(1456–1487)
3687:(1469–1472)
3682:(1462–1468)
3677:(1429–1462)
3672:(1429–1434)
3665:(1421–1425)
3655:(1415–1418)
3650:(1408–1415)
3645:(1399–1408)
3640:(1389–1399)
3638:Khizr Khoja
3635:(1368–1392)
3630:(1363–1368)
3628:Ilyas Khoja
3625:(1347–1363)
3604:(1384–1402)
3595:(1370–1384)
3593:Suurgatmish
3586:(1364–1370)
3584:Khabul Shah
3580:Amir Husayn
3575:Adil-Sultan
3565:Amir Husayn
3562:(1360–1363)
3548:(1348–1358)
3518:(1346–1348)
3507:(1343–1346)
3502:(1342–1343)
3495:'Ali-Sultan
3492:(1338–1342)
3490:Yesun Temur
3487:(1335–1338)
3482:(1334–1335)
3477:(1331–1334)
3475:Tarmashirin
3472:(1329–1330)
3467:(1325–1329)
3460:(1310–1318)
3458:Esen Buqa I
3450:(1308–1309)
3445:(1307–1308)
3438:(1282–1306)
3425:(127?–1282)
3416:(1270–1272)
3405:(1266–1270)
3398:(1260–1266)
3380:(1246–1252)
3378:Yesü Möngke
3373:Qara Hülëgü
3370:(1226–1242)
3358:Moghulistan
3351:Transoxiana
3067:"元明两代的鄯善战乱"
2898:Kim, p. 306
2658:Kim, Hodong
2487:Maqsud Shah
2470:Akbash Khan
2248:Moghulistan
2229:Qara Khitai
2142:Later Liang
2068:History of
1777:Moghulistan
1527:Mansur Khan
1519:Mahmud Khan
1352:Khizr Khoja
1341:Tarmashirin
1313:Han Chinese
1253: 1400
1054:MOGHULISTAN
1021:Moghulistan
1014:Ilyas Khoja
1010:Transoxiana
978:Tarim Basin
872:Chagatayids
832:Kunlun Shan
813:substitute
807:Yangi Hisar
702:Tarim Basin
383:Tengri Tagh
359:Moghulistan
246:Preceded by
181:Ilyas Khoja
133:Sunni Islam
66:1462–1660s
40:Mogholistan
34:Moghulistan
5130:Categories
4925:Jin Shuren
4731:Niya ruins
4649:Tunurkawab
4181:Tocharians
4021:(843–1209)
4015:(840–1212)
3834:Ahmad Alaq
3804:Afaq Khoja
3690:Yunus Khan
3670:Satuq Khan
3658:Uwais Khan
3555:Shah Temur
3546:Bayan Qulï
3470:Duwa Temür
3423:Buqa Temür
3077:2014-06-24
2878:Shah Temur
2619:References
2561:Моголистан
2552:Muğūlistān
2479:Qing China
2452:Aq Taghlik
2441:Naqshbandi
2137:Former Qin
2094:Tocharians
1963:1640s-1717
1935:(in India)
1909:Four Oirat
1794:1487-1660?
1770:1225-1340s
1510:Ahmad Alaq
1475:Ahmad Alaq
1452:Yunus Khan
1448:Yunus Khan
1398:Uwais Khan
1356:Amir Timur
1311:After the
1265:civil wars
894:See also:
852:Ming China
803:Uch-Turpan
749:Naqshbandi
714:Badakhshan
688:(northern
660:Since the
503:(the term
455:, and the
429:Naqshbandi
399:Kyrgyzstan
395:Kazakhstan
373:breakaway
348:Kyrgyzstan
343:Kazakhstan
139:Government
56:1462–1705
50:1347–1462
37:Моголистан
5031:Altishahr
4960:Nur Bekri
4945:Wang Zhen
4910:Yaqub Beg
4540:Education
4474:Dzungaria
4465:Tian Shan
4452:Geography
4372:Qing rule
4009:(640-790)
3985:(460-640)
3961:(?–77 BC)
3844:Shah Khan
3728:Eastern (
3721:Western (
3465:Eljigidey
3389:(regent)
3356:Eastern (
3349:Western (
3256:. Trans.
2557:Mongolian
2282:Qing rule
2277:Yettishar
1999:1924–1992
1987:1911-1924
1975:1634-1758
1951:1630-1731
1939:1526–1857
1926:1479-1599
1914:1399-1634
1902:1383-1513
1890:1370–1507
1878:1368-1691
1866:1335-1357
1854:1335-1432
1842:1335-1357
1837:Chobanids
1830:1256-1335
1825:Ilkhanate
1818:1240-1502
1806:1514-1705
1782:1346-1462
1758:1271-1368
1746:1206-1368
1539:Tagai Biy
1410:Esen Buqa
1337:Issyk Kul
1333:Shamanist
1329:Christian
1302:Silk Road
1289:Tamerlane
1227:MAJAPAHIT
1207:SULTANATE
1156:SULTANATE
914:Ilkhanate
779:Yaqub Beg
775:Altishahr
764:Dzungaria
725:Altishahr
686:Dzungaria
682:Tian Shan
656:Geography
650:Mongolian
611:Ilkhanate
562:Beshbalik
471:Etymology
441:civil war
414:Ili River
391:East Asia
125:Religion
5161:Khanates
5102:Category
4895:Amursana
4706:Gaochang
4639:Pamirdin
4325:Kara Del
4228:Göktürks
4223:Gaochang
4150:Xinjiang
4054:Kara Del
4003:(?–1006)
3983:Gaochang
3977:Shanshan
3783:Abdallah
3551:Abdullah
3541:Abdullah
3485:Changshi
3192:10 March
2547:مغولستان
2497:See also
2454:and the
2152:Gaochang
2070:Xinjiang
2059:a series
2057:Part of
2006:Mongolia
1897:Kara Del
1710:IX – XII
1641:Language
1631:Nobility
1616:Timeline
1577:fled to
1535:Kara Del
1468:Tashkent
1375:Timurids
1325:Buddhist
1321:Borjigin
998:holy war
974:Dughlats
966:Changshi
868:Xinjiang
769:A later
741:Nanjiang
710:Ferghana
706:Tashkent
698:Nanjiang
690:Xinjiang
672:and the
627:Mongolia
617:adopted
534:, while
525:Chagatai
425:Dughlats
403:Xinjiang
369:, was a
143:Monarchy
131:, later
129:Tengrism
116:Chagatai
21:Mongolia
5114:Commons
5014:Related
4900:Mingrui
4663:Economy
4634:Youtazi
4614:Dapanji
4606:Cuisine
4568:Culture
4240:Eastern
4236:Western
4191:Xiongnu
4173:History
4164:capital
4109:(1949-)
3991:(?–789)
3973:(?-460)
3443:Könchek
3414:Negübei
3386:Orghana
2543:Persian
2419:Yarkand
2256:Yarkent
2203:Beiting
2104:Xiongnu
1861:Injuids
1646:Mongols
1636:Culture
1621:History
1598:Mongols
1583:Kashmir
1555:Kashgar
1464:Kazakhs
1277:Kashgar
1236:MUSCOVY
1194:OTTOMAN
1143:TIMURID
1134:GEORGIA
1123:VIJAYA-
1112:JALAYI-
1074:DYNASTY
1000:), and
890:History
878:leader
819:Yecheng
791:Kashgar
787:Yarkand
662:Moghuls
607:Mongols
513:Persian
501:Mongols
485:Moghuls
461:Yarkent
377:of the
375:khanate
365:or the
97:Almaliq
93:Capital
70:eastern
60:western
52:(whole)
4965:Li Zhi
4888:People
4624:Sangza
4460:Cities
4244:Second
4186:Yuezhi
4160:Ürümqi
4152:topics
4088:Modern
4035:Mongol
3577:(1363)
3557:(1358)
3497:(1342)
3448:Taliqu
3432:Chapar
3280:
3264:
3183:
3138:
3113:
2969:
2917:
2779:
2730:
2696:
2606::
2604:pinyin
2600:東察合台汗國
2598::
2592:东察合台汗国
2590::
2575::
2567::
2518:Turpan
2491:Manchu
2445:khojas
2434:khojas
2427:Khotan
2252:Turpan
2157:Rouran
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1734:X-1206
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1686:X-1203
1662:States
1626:Rulers
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1487:sharia
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1379:Uzbeks
1371:Oirats
1360:Turfan
1205:MAMLUK
1196:EMPIRE
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1145:EMPIRE
1125:NAGARA
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805:, and
773:word "
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637:" or "
591:Russia
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540:东察合台汗国
519:means
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493:Turpan
453:Turpan
371:Mongol
154:
4644:Xurpa
4629:Samsa
4591:Muqam
4581:Music
4283:Qocho
4232:First
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3995:Yanqi
3989:Kucha
3947:Wusun
3598:Timur
3589:Timur
3570:Timur
3480:Buzan
3453:Kebek
3428:Kaidu
3419:Kaidu
3409:Kaidu
3396:Alghu
3346:Whole
2676:Jatah
2577:蒙兀兒斯坦
2569:蒙兀儿斯坦
2541:from
2529:Notes
1722:-1204
1567:edema
1533:from
1502:Volga
1491:Yassa
1482:Tajik
1364:Qocho
1345:Islam
1298:zakat
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771:Turki
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603:China
528:Khans
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3430:and
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3181:ISBN
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3111:ISBN
2967:ISBN
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2728:ISBN
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2238:Yuan
2199:West
1674:IX-X
1531:Hami
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1362:and
1331:and
1218:SEON
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1083:FOUR
1072:MING
1036:1400
848:Hami
799:Aksu
754:天山南路
639:Baig
613:the
601:and
599:Iran
589:and
587:Asia
566:别失八里
521:land
389:and
232:1462
222:1347
150:Khan
4619:Nan
1216:JO-
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666:Ili
641:".
511:is
507:or
427:or
23:or
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4234:,
4230::
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3252:.
3095:^
2929:^
2824:^
2806:^
2712:^
2641:^
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1250:c.
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