38:
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80:
1984:
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1036:) have enacted laws to eliminate non-use fees or expirations, but because the laws often only apply to single-merchant cards buyers have to review the gift card conditions prior to purchase to determine exact restrictions and fees. Additionally, if a retailer goes bankrupt, gift cards can suddenly become worthless. Even if stores do not close immediately, the company may stop accepting the cards. This became a significant issue during the
1972:
963:
759:. Under the Geneva Conventions, enlisted prisoners of war could be made to work and had to be paid for their labor, but not necessarily in cash. Since ordinary money could be used in escape attempts, they were given scrip that could only be used with the approval of camp authorities, usually only within the camps.
981:
In the late 1980s, the term scrip evolved to include a fundraising method popular with non-profit organizations like schools, bands and athletic groups. With scrip fundraising, retailers offer the gift certificates and gift cards to non-profit organizations at a discount. The non-profit organizations
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in the United States, a common form of investment in the 19th century. As a type of federal aid to local governments or private corporations, Congress would grant land in lieu of cash. Most of the time the grantee did not seek to acquire any actual land but rather would sell the right to claim the
667:
to the company. Additionally, while employees could exchange scrip for cash, this could rarely be done at face value. This kind of scrip was valid only within the settlement where it was issued. While store owners in neighboring communities could accept the scrip as money, they rarely did so at face
1007:
gift cards are initially funded by a credit card or bank account, after which the funding account and gift card are not connected to one another. Once the predetermined funds are consumed, the card number expires. A gift of a gift card, maybe in an attractive wrapper, may be seen as more socially
1089:
people in exchange for their
Aboriginal rights. Scrip was also issued to white settlers and members of the North-West Mounted Police. Land was claimed at a Dominion Lands Act office, often being far from where the Métis lived. The available land was located in northern Saskatchewan, Alberta, and
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However, unless the gift card is obtained at a discount (paying less than the actual value of the card), buying scrip with ordinary money is arguably pointless, as it then ties up the money until it is used, and usually it may only be used at one store. Furthermore, not all gift cards issued are
781:
One type of this worked this way. Each scrip certificate had printed boxes; every month a stamp costing a certain amount (in a typical case, 1% of the face value) had to be purchased and recorded in a box, otherwise the scrip lost all its value. This provided a great incentive to spend the scrip
782:
quickly. The scheme was used successfully in
Germany and Austria in the early 1930s, after national currencies collapsed. National governments considered themselves threatened by the success of stamp scrip projects, and shut them down; similar misgivings discouraged their later use elsewhere.
789:, a form of provincial currency, in an effort to encourage spending. This scrip had boxes in which a stamp equal to 2% of the value had to be affixed each week. Thus, the value of the certificate was covered by the cost of the stamps at the year's end when it matured.
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Another disadvantage of gift cards is that some issuers charge "maintenance fees" on the cards, particularly if they are not used after a certain period of time; or the card will expire after a given period of time. Some provinces and states in North
America (e.g.
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Manitoba as opposed to the Métis' more southern homeland. Monetary scrip was also issued. Many Métis sold their scrip to land speculators at prices far below their actual worth, with estimates placing the amount of scrip sold as high as 12,560 (out of 14,849).
658:
camps where everything was owned and operated by a single company, scrip provided the workers with credit when their wages had been depleted. These remote locations were cash poor. Workers had very little choice but to purchase food and other goods at a
1787:
1856:
The MNC's narrative traces the geographical boundaries of what it terms the "Métis
Homeland" to the historical waterways from northern Ontario to British Columbia and from the Northwest Territories to the northern United
916:
shell, which was once used as small change, and still so used in metaphorical expressions. To side-step implications that the community intended their scrip as an unlawful substitute for currency, it now issues
766:, are commonly used as money with which to gamble. The use of chips as company money in the early 19th century in Devon, England, in the Wheal Friendship copper mine gave its name to a local village of
982:
sell the gift cards to member's families at full face value. The families redeem the gift cards at full face value, and the discount or rebate is retained by the non-profit organization as revenue.
978:, eCards, or less commonly paper gift certificates. Physical gift cards often have a magnetic strip or optically readable bar code to facilitate redemption at the point of sale.
1604:"But what happens when the store files for bankruptcy? Instead of a gift you may be stuck with a worthless piece of plastic. Earlier this year, when Sharper Image filed for
1451:
1085:. Notes in the form of money scrip (valued at $ 160 or $ 240) or land scrip, valued at 160 acres (65 ha) or 240 acres (97 ha), were offered to
954:(no longer printed, but still accepted), in circulation at The Magic Kingdoms and at other establishments owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company.
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663:. In this way, the company could charge enormous markups on goods, making workers completely dependent on the company, thus enforcing a form of
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land to private investors in the form of scrip. Often the land title was finalized only after the scrip was resold several times utilizing
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acceptable than a gift of cash. It also prevents the gift being spent on something the giver views as undesirable (or used as savings).
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1844:. UBC Press - Rupertsland Centre for Métis Research in the Faculty of Native Studies at the University of Alberta. p. 108.
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offered money scrip (valued at $ 160 or $ 240) or land scrip, valued at 160 acres (65 ha) or 240 acres (97 ha), to
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165:
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1608:, people holding its gift cards were told that they could not get their money back or use the card to make a purchase."
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due to their wide variety and recurring use. Scrip behaves similarly to a currency, and as such can be used to study
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in the form of additional shares/stock rather than in money. It is also a written document that acknowledges debt.
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570:. Scrips have been created and used for a variety of reasons, including exploitative payment of employees under
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The use of locally issued scrip accepted by multiple businesses within a community increased during the
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1476:"Following the Scrip: How an SR-Based Group Revolutionized the Hottest Method of School Fundraising"
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redeemed. In 2006, the value of unredeemed gift cards was estimated at almost US$ 8 billion.
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of 1836 due to credit shortages, Virginia Scrip was accepted as payment for federal lands.
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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Stamp scrip was a type of local money designed to be circulated and not to be hoarded.
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A variety of forms of scrip were used at various times in the 19th and 20th centuries.
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1788:"What's Métis scrip? North America's 'largest land swindle,' says Indigenous lawyer"
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also called warrant brokers. These grants came in the form of railroad land grants,
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1814:"Fate of Métis scrip lawsuit in doubt after 17 Alberta plaintiffs ask to withdraw"
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697:, at the height of the crisis, many local governments paid employees in scrip.
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In the retail and fundraising industries, scrip is now issued in the form of
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1921:"Titles - Métis Scrip produced by LeMay Media, LM0031 | McIntyre Media Inc"
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Scrips have gained historical importance and become a subject of study in
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scrip was created in
Washington DC in 2016 to address food insecurity.
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1357:"A maverick money scheme from the 1930s could save the Greek economy"
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407:
1841:
Métis: Race, Recognition, and the
Struggle for Indigenous Peoplehood
1689:
1283:
Chatters, Charles H. (March 1933). "Is
Municipal Scrip a Panacea?".
1344:
1311:"29 CFR 531.34 - Payment in scrip or similar medium not authorized"
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during World War II, at least in countries that complied with the
1996:
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In the U.S., payment of wages in scrip became illegal under the
1971:
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683:
651:
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942:, good for use at company points of sale. Among these are the
606:, arcade tokens and tickets, and points on some credit cards.
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1746:
Moving Here, Staying Here: The
Canadian Immigrant Experience
1271:
Moving Here, Staying Here: The
Canadian Immigrant Experience
845:. Community-wide scrip usage has begun or is on the rise in
1631:"FTC: Protect Gift Card Holders When Companies Go Bankrupt"
1029:
383:
109:
1427:"'Breadcoin' is a new currency in D.C. for people in need"
785:
The
Alberta Social Credit Party government in 1937 issued
957:
603:
1896:
Nation Maker: Sir John A. Macdonald: His Life, Our Times
1676:(May 1961). "California's Agricultural College Lands".
682:
In the 19th century, the federal government in Western
574:; or for use in local commerce at times when regular
30:
This article is about currency. For the company, see
1726:(4). State Historical Society of Wisconsin: 306–327
797:Scrip survives in modern times in various forms.
2003:
933:
690:people in exchange for their Aboriginal rights.
640:is a substitute for currency to pay a company's
1650:. The Spokesrider. 12 July 2009. Archived from
1587:"Card games: Read the fine print on gift cards"
1684:(2). University of California Press: 103–122.
1412:Overview of Hagen′s Notgeld, the Volmetaler,
1081:, the federal government devised a system of
1051:
533:
1761:Canada, Library and Archives (2022-06-28).
1610:"Gift Cards: The gift that can stop giving"
1056:Land scrip was a right to purchase federal
938:Some companies still issue scrip notes and
594:, other forms of scrip include land scrip,
27:Any substitute for legal tender or currency
1550:"State Gift Card Consumer Protection Laws"
1400:In Hagen you can pay with local currency,
1069:, and grants to veterans for war service.
540:
526:
800:
1837:
1334:List of companies paying scrip dividends
1282:
985:
961:
36:
1899:. Random House of Canada. p. 436.
1499:
900:once issued its own local scrip called
578:was unavailable, for example in remote
14:
2004:
1785:
1760:
1072:
958:Scrip gift cards and gift certificates
1811:
1756:
1754:
1716:"Frontier Land Business in Wisconsin"
1710:
1672:
1892:
1424:
1384:Detroit cash keeps hometown humming
1038:global financial crisis of 2008–2009
804:
1531:"Gift cards may bear unwanted fees"
24:
1751:
1500:Eckberg, John (December 2, 2007).
1297:10.1111/j.1467-8292.1933.tb01317.x
950:stores and gasbars in Canada, and
719:where companies can sometimes pay
25:
2033:
1964:
1949:indigenouspeoplesatlasofcanada.ca
1720:The Wisconsin Magazine of History
1315:LII / Legal Information Institute
762:Poker chips, also referred to as
1982:
1970:
809:
706:Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938
632:
562:in India) is any substitute for
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494:
78:
1937:
1913:
1893:Gwyn, Richard J. (2012-08-21).
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1862:
1831:
1805:
1786:Muzyka, Kyle (April 25, 2019).
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590:countries in wartime. Besides
32:Scrip World Pharmaceutical News
1748:at Library and Archives Canada
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1273:at Library and Archives Canada
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1106:Capitol Hill Babysitting Co-op
773:
751:Scrip was used extensively in
51:), from between 1826 and 1858.
13:
1:
1997:Depression Scrip of the 1930s
1987:The dictionary definition of
1488:"Managing Your Scrip Program"
1257:
934:Company-issued customer scrip
668:value, as it was worth less.
1502:"Gift cards popular, unused"
1452:"A Boon to Kut Chum archive"
1191:Military payment certificate
586:, ships on long voyages, or
7:
1812:Weber, Bob (June 4, 2022).
1648:"Scrip Warrant Act of 1855"
1478:. Santa Rosa Press Democrat
1425:Iati, Marisa (2019-01-11).
1093:
10:
2038:
1874:www.metisnationdatabase.ca
1767:library-archives.canada.ca
1052:Land scrip (United States)
989:
624:
29:
1678:Pacific Historical Review
1206:Scrip of Edo period Japan
859:Pittsboro, North Carolina
818:This section needs to be
1077:In 19th-century Western
1046:Federal Trade Commission
566:. It is often a form of
42:Russian-American Company
1520:(subscription required)
1507:The Cincinnati Enquirer
1216:Specie (disambiguation)
1141:Detroit Community Scrip
1048:to regulate the issue.
863:Traverse City, Michigan
787:prosperity certificates
757:Third Geneva Convention
740:("emergency money") in
602:such as subway tokens,
420:Commemorative banknotes
1151:Frequent-flyer program
1136:Complementary currency
1067:university land grants
971:
801:Community-issued scrip
701:was just one example.
501:Numismatics portal
139:Circulating currencies
52:
1838:Andersen, C. (2014).
1763:"Finding Métis Scrip"
1620:, September 12, 2008.
1156:Gift voucher reseller
1116:Cincinnati Time Store
986:Commercial gift cards
965:
753:prisoner-of-war camps
231:Historical currencies
72:the study of currency
40:
1979:at Wikimedia Commons
1637:, September 12, 2008
1570:"Keeping the change"
966:A scrip card from a
843:late-2000s recession
734:, scrip was used as
715:is also used in the
671:When U.S. President
202:Fictional currencies
1614:Defend Your Dollars
1592:Republican-American
1572:, December 29, 2007
1539:, February 11, 2007
1363:. 18 February 2015.
1073:Land scrip (Canada)
944:Canadian Tire money
389:Commemorative coins
300:Medieval currencies
209:Proposed currencies
1595:, November 4, 2007
1374:Homegrown Stimulus
1181:Medium of exchange
1058:public domain land
972:
699:Vermilion, Alberta
619:monetary economics
53:
1975:Media related to
1906:978-0-307-35645-1
1851:978-0-7748-2723-2
1285:Public Management
1231:Stored-value card
1044:to call upon the
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16:(Redirected from
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1559:. July 19, 2011.
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1269:"Free Land!" in
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1251:Virtual currency
1196:Private currency
1186:Microsoft Points
1176:Luncheon Voucher
1171:Łódź Ghetto mark
1146:Electronic money
1040:, prompting the
1005:American Express
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195:Time dollars
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1635:Consumerist
1513:January 16,
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1390:Detnews.com
1291:: 323–325.
1211:Scrip issue
1083:land grants
1063:land agents
968:babysitting
875:Bristol, UK
830:August 2020
774:Stamp scrip
728:World War I
693:During the
675:issued his
611:numismatics
600:token coins
468:Scripophily
68:Numismatics
2006:Categories
1954:2023-06-04
1930:2023-06-03
1879:2023-06-03
1772:2023-06-08
1606:Chapter 11
1462:2008-07-27
1437:2021-10-18
1320:2016-07-12
1258:References
1121:Coal Scrip
1111:Chiemgauer
1034:Washington
1018:California
1001:Mastercard
976:gift cards
940:token coin
930:Kut Chum.
580:coal towns
370:Collection
313:Production
243:Achaemenid
1246:Wii Point
992:Gift card
885:Breadcoin
721:dividends
642:employees
415:Banknotes
408:Notaphily
342:Hammering
325:Designers
248:Byzantine
115:Banknotes
2012:Exonumia
1870:"Maplab"
1221:Spintria
1101:Assignat
1094:See also
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919:exchange
895:township
891:Thailand
768:Chipshop
615:exonumia
596:vouchers
588:occupied
576:currency
427:Exonumia
278:Japanese
258:Filipino
238:Aksumite
102:Currency
90:Glossary
60:a series
58:Part of
1945:"Scrip"
1857:States.
1823:June 4,
1797:June 3,
1698:3636696
1022:Ontario
924:called
922:coupons
851:Detroit
820:updated
746:Austria
742:Germany
737:notgeld
665:loyalty
656:logging
625:History
456:Cheques
401:Grading
335:Milling
330:Coining
293:Tibetan
273:Italian
253:Chinese
171:Oceania
120:Forgery
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1079:Canada
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847:Ithaca
726:After
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568:credit
475:Stocks
461:Scrips
451:Tokens
444:Medals
439:Jetons
357:Errors
352:Metals
268:Indian
156:Europe
146:Africa
1990:scrip
1977:Scrip
1694:JSTOR
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1087:Métis
970:group
914:cowry
713:scrip
688:Métis
554:scrip
480:Bonds
384:Coins
283:Roman
263:Greek
110:Coins
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912:for
910:Thai
744:and
730:and
613:and
604:IOUs
559:chit
556:(or
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320:Mint
288:Thai
190:LETS
151:Asia
127:List
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