Knowledge

Namtar (biography)

Source šŸ“

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made the climb before. The sacred biographer is primarily concerned with providing information which will be helpful and inspirational for someone following in the footsteps of the spiritual adept or 'saint.' Establishing a mythical ideal and the communication of the sacred teachings takes precedence over providing a narrative portrait or "likeness" of the subject as a personality. The personality is stressed only in so far as it relates to the spiritual process of the individual.
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The sacred biography is called 'rNam.thar' in Tibetan, which literally means 'complete liberation.' The 'rNam.thar' are specially geared to provide records for those on a spiritual quest, in much the same way that someone about to climb a high mountain would seek out the chronicles of those who had
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Western academic tradition often portrays this type of text in an unfavourable light. It mainly criticizes the Tibetan hagiography for its inclusion of miraculous events and repetition of the protagonist's sanctity. Some scholars have therefore proposed that the
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Mainly the third of these levels has caused western scholars to criticize this form of literature. Willis however defends their historical value by arguing that the miraculous parts of the secret biography may be interpreted as a metaphor for tantric practice.
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who attained complete enlightenment. If Namtars do not justify a literal chronology of events, how could they function as a kind of learning example that hits the key points of the yogi's spiritual life? Such a text would serve as an example of
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spiritual practices. According to Janice D. Willis, the focus on spiritual practice forms an essential difference between Christian and Tibetan hagiography.
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Willis, J.D. (1985) 'On the Nature of rNam-thar: Early dGe-lugs-pa Siddha Biographies' in: Aziz, B.A. & Kapstein, M. (eds.)
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This article is about Tibetan spiritual biographies. For the Mesopotamian mythological deity, see
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The Legends of the Great Stupa and the Life Story of the Lotus Born Guru
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See for example: Snellgrove (1957) 85f; Tucci (1949) I: 151.
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For Tibetan autobiography, or, rangnam, see 4028: 1326: 946: 2108:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna 1235: 1233: 1231: 1221: 1219: 1217: 1247: 1245: 4035: 4021: 1333: 1319: 953: 939: 1228: 1214: 1207: 1205: 1242: 1195: 1193: 1183: 1181: 1179: 3295:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal 1263: 1174: 1079: 4046: 3498:List of Buddhist architecture in China 1202: 1047:in imparting instructions on specific 1314: 1190: 1176: 3987: 1076:has no historical value whatsoever. 13: 3285:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism 423:Svatantrika-Prasaį¹…gika distinction 14: 4080: 1305:Soundings in Tibetan Civilization 3991: 3966: 3956: 3955: 3513:Thai temple art and architecture 3258:Huichang persecution of Buddhism 1498:Iconography in Laos and Thailand 1364: 1351: 1341: 48: 1365: 1257: 3503:Japanese Buddhist architecture 3305:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism 2385:Seven Factors of Enlightenment 1576:Places where the Buddha stayed 989:, is a spiritual biography or 1: 3518:Tibetan Buddhist architecture 1170: 4007:. You can help Knowledge by 3275:Buddhism and the Roman world 3251:Decline of Buddhism in India 3246:History of Buddhism in India 1346:   Topics in 7: 4059:Tibetan Buddhist literature 2473:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar 2213: 1158: 369: 10: 4085: 3986: 3423:The unanswerable questions 1264:Allione, Tsultrim (1986). 15: 3951: 3903: 3818: 3733: 3508:Buddhist temples in Korea 3431: 3333: 3216: 2913: 2841: 2668: 2541: 2481: 2116: 2071:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism 1982: 1974:Three planes of existence 1922: 1767: 1659: 1589: 1581:Buddha in world religions 1443: 1388: 1360: 1165:The Life of Orgyan Chokyi 1135: 1116: 1097: 1012: 974: 3290:Persecution of Buddhists 2511:Four stages of awakening 1892:Three marks of existence 1478:Physical characteristics 1088:consist of three parts: 1039:for any practitioner of 452:Practices and attainment 440:Pointing-out instruction 351:Three marks of existence 2653:Ten principal disciples 1536:(aunt, adoptive mother) 1298:Tibetan Painted Scrolls 1187:Willis (2009) 304, 311. 4003:-related article is a 3363:Buddhism and democracy 2876:Tibetan Buddhist canon 2871:Chinese Buddhist canon 2103:Pre-sectarian Buddhism 2098:Early Buddhist schools 1289:Snellgrove, D. (1957) 1251:Willis (2009) 315-319. 1130:The secret biography ( 1069: 821:Tibetan Buddhist canon 3373:Eight Consciousnesses 1483:Life of Buddha in art 1307:(Kathmandu): 304ā€“319. 1111:The inner biography ( 1092:The outer biography ( 1064: 985:), sometimes spelled 396:Dependent origination 22:Tibetan autobiography 3850:East Asian religions 3280:Buddhism in the West 2851:Early Buddhist texts 2466:Four Right Exertions 1932:Ten spiritual realms 1425:Noble Eightfold Path 1144:gsang-ba'i rnam-thar 1080:Traditional division 1003:is a contraction of 895:History and overview 294:Samding Dorje Phagmo 159:Second dissemination 3973:Religion portal 3720:Temple of the Tooth 3599:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi 2638:Upāsaka and Upāsikā 2131:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā 1914:Two truths doctrine 1734:Mahapajapati GotamÄ« 1534:Mahapajapati GotamÄ« 1239:Willis (2009) 312f. 1043:and complement the 682:Institutional roles 121:First dissemination 3895:Western philosophy 3493:Dzong architecture 3315:Vipassana movement 3310:Buddhist modernism 2738:Emperor Wen of Sui 2506:Pratyekabuddhayāna 2439:Threefold Training 2241:Vipassana movement 1957:Hungry Ghost realm 1777:Avidyā (Ignorance) 1724:Puį¹‡į¹‡a MantānÄ«putta 1473:Great Renunciation 1468:Eight Great Events 1350:    1282:Dowman, K. (1973) 1268:. London: Arkana. 1211:Allione (1986) 56. 873:Tree of physiology 413:Four Tenets system 4016: 4015: 3981: 3980: 3619:Om mani padme hum 3325:Women in Buddhism 3241:Buddhist councils 3111:Western countries 2899:Madhyamakālaį¹ƒkāra 2660:Shaolin Monastery 2237:Samatha-vipassanā 1847:PratÄ«tyasamutpāda 1651:Metteyya/Maitreya 1569: 1561: 1553: 1545: 1537: 1529: 1521: 1398:Four Noble Truths 1296:Tucci, G. (1949) 1291:Buddhist Himalaya 1199:Dowman (1973) 71. 1125:nang-gi rnam-thar 963: 962: 925:Index of articles 541:Major monasteries 499:Tantra techniques 418:Rangtong-Shentong 326:10th Panchen Lama 115:Key personalities 4076: 4037: 4030: 4023: 3995: 3988: 3971: 3970: 3959: 3958: 3798:Sacred languages 3646:Maya Devi Temple 3609:Mahabodhi Temple 3413:Secular Buddhism 3378:Engaged Buddhism 2218: 2066:Tibetan Buddhism 2017:Vietnamese Thiį»n 1616:Mahāsthāmaprāpta 1567: 1559: 1551: 1543: 1535: 1527: 1519: 1368: 1367: 1355: 1345: 1335: 1328: 1321: 1312: 1311: 1279: 1252: 1249: 1240: 1237: 1226: 1223: 1212: 1209: 1200: 1197: 1188: 1185: 1137: 1118: 1106:phyi'i rnam-thar 1099: 1062:voices it thus: 1060:Tsultrim Allione 1021:rnam-par thar-pa 1014: 995:Tibetan Buddhism 976: 955: 948: 941: 878:Festival thangka 372: 345:General Buddhist 52: 42: 41:Tibetan Buddhism 27: 26: 4084: 4083: 4079: 4078: 4077: 4075: 4074: 4073: 4054:Tibetan culture 4044: 4043: 4042: 4041: 3984: 3982: 3977: 3965: 3947: 3899: 3814: 3729: 3466:Ordination hall 3427: 3329: 3300:Buddhist crisis 3212: 2909: 2861:Mahayana sutras 2837: 2833:ThĆ­ch Nhįŗ„t Hįŗ”nh 2664: 2537: 2477: 2427:Bodhisattva vow 2112: 1978: 1918: 1877:Taį¹‡hā (Craving) 1812:Five hindrances 1763: 1655: 1585: 1439: 1384: 1356: 1339: 1276: 1266:Women of Wisdom 1260: 1255: 1250: 1243: 1238: 1229: 1224: 1215: 1210: 1203: 1198: 1191: 1186: 1177: 1173: 1161: 1136:ą½‚ą½¦ą½„ą¼‹ą½–ą½ ą½²ą¼‹ą½¢ą¾£ą½˜ą¼‹ą½ą½¢ą¼‹ 1082: 1056:Women of Wisdom 959: 930: 929: 896: 888: 887: 848: 838: 837: 828:Mahayana sutras 804: 794: 793: 749: 739: 738: 683: 675: 674: 543: 533: 532: 453: 445: 444: 341: 331: 330: 321:14th Dalai Lama 316:13th Dalai Lama 300: 289: 271: 253: 235: 218:Patrul Rinpoche 160: 122: 117: 107: 106: 62: 40: 25: 12: 11: 5: 4082: 4072: 4071: 4066: 4061: 4056: 4040: 4039: 4032: 4025: 4017: 4014: 4013: 3996: 3979: 3978: 3976: 3975: 3963: 3952: 3949: 3948: 3946: 3945: 3940: 3935: 3930: 3925: 3920: 3915: 3909: 3907: 3901: 3900: 3898: 3897: 3892: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3872: 3867: 3862: 3857: 3852: 3847: 3846: 3845: 3840: 3830: 3824: 3822: 3816: 3815: 3813: 3812: 3811: 3810: 3805: 3795: 3790: 3785: 3780: 3775: 3770: 3765: 3760: 3755: 3750: 3745: 3739: 3737: 3731: 3730: 3728: 3727: 3722: 3717: 3716: 3715: 3710: 3705: 3700: 3695: 3685: 3680: 3675: 3670: 3665: 3664: 3663: 3658: 3653: 3648: 3643: 3633: 3628: 3623: 3622: 3621: 3611: 3606: 3601: 3596: 3595: 3594: 3589: 3584: 3579: 3574: 3564: 3559: 3554: 3549: 3544: 3539: 3534: 3533: 3532: 3530:Greco-Buddhist 3522: 3521: 3520: 3515: 3510: 3505: 3500: 3495: 3490: 3485: 3484: 3483: 3481:Burmese pagoda 3473: 3468: 3463: 3458: 3453: 3448: 3437: 3435: 3429: 3428: 3426: 3425: 3420: 3415: 3410: 3405: 3400: 3395: 3390: 3385: 3380: 3375: 3370: 3365: 3360: 3355: 3350: 3345: 3339: 3337: 3331: 3330: 3328: 3327: 3322: 3317: 3312: 3307: 3302: 3297: 3292: 3287: 3282: 3277: 3272: 3271: 3270: 3263:Greco-Buddhism 3260: 3255: 3254: 3253: 3243: 3238: 3233: 3228: 3222: 3220: 3214: 3213: 3211: 3210: 3209: 3208: 3203: 3198: 3196:United Kingdom 3193: 3188: 3183: 3178: 3173: 3168: 3163: 3158: 3153: 3148: 3143: 3141:Czech Republic 3138: 3133: 3128: 3123: 3118: 3108: 3107: 3106: 3101: 3091: 3090: 3089: 3079: 3078: 3077: 3072: 3062: 3057: 3052: 3047: 3042: 3037: 3032: 3031: 3030: 3020: 3015: 3005: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2965: 2960: 2955: 2950: 2945: 2940: 2935: 2930: 2925: 2919: 2917: 2911: 2910: 2908: 2907: 2905:AbhidharmadÄ«pa 2902: 2895: 2890: 2885: 2878: 2873: 2868: 2863: 2858: 2853: 2847: 2845: 2839: 2838: 2836: 2835: 2830: 2825: 2823:B. R. 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484: 478: 477: 475:Avalokiteśvara 472: 466: 465: 460: 454: 451: 450: 447: 446: 443: 442: 437: 431: 430: 426: 425: 420: 415: 409: 408: 404: 403: 398: 392: 391: 386: 381: 375: 374: 365: 360: 354: 353: 347: 346: 342: 337: 336: 333: 332: 329: 328: 323: 318: 313: 311:5th Dalai Lama 308: 302: 301: 291: 290: 285: 284: 279: 273: 272: 267: 266: 261: 255: 254: 249: 248: 246:Rangjung Dorje 243: 237: 236: 231: 230: 225: 220: 215: 210: 205: 199: 198: 194: 193: 188: 183: 178: 173: 168: 162: 161: 156: 155: 150: 148:Trisong Detsen 145: 143:Songtsen Gampo 140: 135: 130: 124: 123: 118: 113: 112: 109: 108: 105: 104: 99: 94: 89: 84: 79: 74: 69: 63: 58: 57: 54: 53: 45: 44: 36: 35: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4081: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4062: 4060: 4057: 4055: 4052: 4051: 4049: 4038: 4033: 4031: 4026: 4024: 4019: 4018: 4012: 4010: 4006: 4002: 3997: 3994: 3990: 3989: 3985: 3974: 3969: 3964: 3962: 3954: 3953: 3950: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3934: 3931: 3929: 3926: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3910: 3908: 3906: 3902: 3896: 3893: 3891: 3888: 3886: 3883: 3881: 3878: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3861: 3858: 3856: 3853: 3851: 3848: 3844: 3841: 3839: 3836: 3835: 3834: 3831: 3829: 3826: 3825: 3823: 3821: 3817: 3809: 3806: 3804: 3801: 3800: 3799: 3796: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3740: 3738: 3736: 3735:Miscellaneous 3732: 3726: 3725:Vegetarianism 3723: 3721: 3718: 3714: 3711: 3709: 3706: 3704: 3701: 3699: 3696: 3694: 3691: 3690: 3689: 3686: 3684: 3681: 3679: 3676: 3674: 3671: 3669: 3666: 3662: 3659: 3657: 3654: 3652: 3649: 3647: 3644: 3642: 3639: 3638: 3637: 3634: 3632: 3629: 3627: 3624: 3620: 3617: 3616: 3615: 3612: 3610: 3607: 3605: 3602: 3600: 3597: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3585: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3575: 3573: 3570: 3569: 3568: 3565: 3563: 3560: 3558: 3555: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3547:Buddha in art 3545: 3543: 3540: 3538: 3535: 3531: 3528: 3527: 3526: 3523: 3519: 3516: 3514: 3511: 3509: 3506: 3504: 3501: 3499: 3496: 3494: 3491: 3489: 3486: 3482: 3479: 3478: 3477: 3474: 3472: 3469: 3467: 3464: 3462: 3459: 3457: 3454: 3452: 3449: 3447: 3444: 3443: 3442: 3439: 3438: 3436: 3434: 3430: 3424: 3421: 3419: 3416: 3414: 3411: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3399: 3396: 3394: 3391: 3389: 3386: 3384: 3381: 3379: 3376: 3374: 3371: 3369: 3366: 3364: 3361: 3359: 3356: 3354: 3351: 3349: 3346: 3344: 3341: 3340: 3338: 3336: 3332: 3326: 3323: 3321: 3318: 3316: 3313: 3311: 3308: 3306: 3303: 3301: 3298: 3296: 3293: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3283: 3281: 3278: 3276: 3273: 3269: 3266: 3265: 3264: 3261: 3259: 3256: 3252: 3249: 3248: 3247: 3244: 3242: 3239: 3237: 3234: 3232: 3229: 3227: 3224: 3223: 3221: 3219: 3215: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3201:United States 3199: 3197: 3194: 3192: 3189: 3187: 3184: 3182: 3179: 3177: 3174: 3172: 3169: 3167: 3164: 3162: 3159: 3157: 3154: 3152: 3149: 3147: 3144: 3142: 3139: 3137: 3134: 3132: 3129: 3127: 3124: 3122: 3119: 3117: 3114: 3113: 3112: 3109: 3105: 3102: 3100: 3097: 3096: 3095: 3092: 3088: 3085: 3084: 3083: 3080: 3076: 3073: 3071: 3068: 3067: 3066: 3063: 3061: 3058: 3056: 3053: 3051: 3048: 3046: 3043: 3041: 3038: 3036: 3033: 3028: 3024: 3021: 3019: 3016: 3014: 3011: 3010: 3009: 3006: 3004: 3001: 2999: 2996: 2994: 2991: 2989: 2986: 2984: 2981: 2979: 2976: 2974: 2971: 2969: 2966: 2964: 2961: 2959: 2956: 2954: 2951: 2949: 2946: 2944: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2934: 2931: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2921: 2920: 2918: 2916: 2912: 2906: 2903: 2901: 2900: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2889: 2886: 2884: 2883: 2879: 2877: 2874: 2872: 2869: 2867: 2864: 2862: 2859: 2857: 2854: 2852: 2849: 2848: 2846: 2844: 2840: 2834: 2831: 2829: 2826: 2824: 2821: 2819: 2816: 2814: 2811: 2809: 2806: 2804: 2801: 2799: 2796: 2794: 2791: 2789: 2786: 2784: 2781: 2779: 2776: 2774: 2771: 2769: 2766: 2764: 2761: 2759: 2758:Padmasambhava 2756: 2754: 2751: 2749: 2746: 2744: 2741: 2739: 2736: 2734: 2731: 2729: 2726: 2724: 2721: 2719: 2716: 2714: 2711: 2709: 2706: 2704: 2701: 2699: 2696: 2694: 2691: 2689: 2686: 2684: 2681: 2679: 2676: 2675: 2673: 2671: 2670:Major figures 2667: 2661: 2658: 2654: 2651: 2650: 2649: 2646: 2644: 2641: 2639: 2636: 2634: 2631: 2629: 2626: 2624: 2621: 2617: 2616:Western tulku 2614: 2613: 2612: 2609: 2607: 2604: 2602: 2599: 2597: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2587: 2584: 2582: 2579: 2577: 2574: 2572: 2569: 2567: 2564: 2562: 2559: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2548: 2546: 2544: 2540: 2532: 2529: 2527: 2524: 2522: 2519: 2517: 2514: 2513: 2512: 2509: 2507: 2504: 2502: 2499: 2497: 2494: 2492: 2489: 2488: 2486: 2484: 2480: 2474: 2471: 2467: 2464: 2463: 2462: 2459: 2455: 2452: 2450: 2447: 2445: 2442: 2441: 2440: 2437: 2433: 2430: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2417:Five precepts 2415: 2414: 2413: 2410: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2395:Dhamma vicaya 2393: 2391: 2388: 2387: 2386: 2383: 2379: 2376: 2375: 2374: 2371: 2369: 2366: 2364: 2361: 2357: 2354: 2352: 2349: 2347: 2344: 2343: 2342: 2339: 2337: 2334: 2332: 2329: 2327: 2324: 2322: 2319: 2315: 2312: 2310: 2307: 2306: 2305: 2302: 2300: 2297: 2293: 2290: 2288: 2285: 2283: 2280: 2278: 2275: 2273: 2270: 2268: 2265: 2263: 2260: 2258: 2255: 2253: 2250: 2248: 2245: 2242: 2238: 2235: 2233: 2230: 2228: 2225: 2223: 2220: 2217: 2216: 2211: 2209: 2206: 2205: 2204: 2201: 2199: 2196: 2194: 2191: 2189: 2186: 2184: 2181: 2179: 2176: 2174: 2171: 2169: 2166: 2164: 2163:Buddhābhiį¹£eka 2161: 2157: 2154: 2152: 2149: 2147: 2144: 2142: 2139: 2138: 2137: 2134: 2132: 2129: 2127: 2124: 2123: 2121: 2119: 2115: 2109: 2106: 2104: 2101: 2099: 2096: 2094: 2091: 2089: 2086: 2082: 2079: 2077: 2074: 2072: 2069: 2067: 2064: 2063: 2062: 2059: 2055: 2052: 2050: 2047: 2045: 2042: 2040: 2037: 2035: 2032: 2030: 2027: 2025: 2022: 2018: 2015: 2013: 2010: 2008: 2005: 2003: 2000: 1999: 1998: 1995: 1994: 1993: 1990: 1989: 1987: 1985: 1981: 1975: 1972: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1960: 1958: 1955: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1945: 1943: 1940: 1939: 1938: 1935: 1933: 1930: 1929: 1927: 1925: 1921: 1915: 1912: 1908: 1905: 1903: 1900: 1898: 1895: 1894: 1893: 1890: 1888: 1885: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1865: 1863: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1843: 1840: 1838: 1835: 1833: 1830: 1828: 1825: 1823: 1820: 1818: 1815: 1813: 1810: 1808: 1807:Enlightenment 1805: 1803: 1800: 1798: 1797:Dhamma theory 1795: 1793: 1792:Buddha-nature 1790: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1774: 1772: 1770: 1766: 1760: 1757: 1755: 1752: 1750: 1747: 1745: 1742: 1740: 1737: 1735: 1732: 1730: 1727: 1725: 1722: 1720: 1717: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1705: 1702: 1700: 1697: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1685: 1682: 1680: 1677: 1675: 1672: 1670: 1667: 1666: 1664: 1662: 1658: 1652: 1649: 1647: 1644: 1642: 1639: 1637: 1634: 1632: 1631:Samantabhadra 1629: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1605: 1602: 1601: 1600: 1597: 1596: 1594: 1592: 1588: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1570: 1564: 1562: 1556: 1554: 1548: 1546: 1540: 1538: 1532: 1530: 1524: 1522: 1516: 1515: 1514: 1511: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1494: 1491: 1489: 1486: 1484: 1481: 1479: 1476: 1474: 1471: 1469: 1466: 1464: 1461: 1459: 1456: 1454: 1451: 1450: 1448: 1446: 1442: 1436: 1433: 1431: 1428: 1426: 1423: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1409: 1406: 1405: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1395: 1393: 1391: 1387: 1381: 1378: 1376: 1373: 1371: 1363: 1362: 1359: 1354: 1349: 1344: 1336: 1331: 1329: 1324: 1322: 1317: 1316: 1313: 1306: 1302: 1299: 1295: 1292: 1288: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1275:1-85063-044-5 1271: 1267: 1262: 1261: 1248: 1246: 1236: 1234: 1232: 1222: 1220: 1218: 1208: 1206: 1196: 1194: 1184: 1182: 1180: 1175: 1166: 1163: 1162: 1156: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1133: 1129: 1126: 1122: 1117:ą½“ą½„ą¼‹ą½‚ą½²ą¼‹ą½¢ą¾£ą½˜ą¼‹ą½ą½¢ą¼‹ 1114: 1110: 1107: 1103: 1098:ą½•ą¾±ą½²ą½ ą½²ą¼‹ą½¢ą¾£ą½˜ą¼‹ą½ą½¢ą¼‹ 1095: 1091: 1090: 1089: 1087: 1077: 1075: 1068: 1063: 1061: 1057: 1052: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1033: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1010: 1006: 1005:nampar tharpa 1002: 998: 996: 992: 988: 984: 980: 972: 968: 956: 951: 949: 944: 942: 937: 936: 934: 933: 926: 923: 922: 919: 916: 914: 911: 910: 907: 904: 902: 899: 898: 892: 891: 884: 881: 879: 876: 874: 871: 869: 866: 864: 861: 859: 856: 854: 851: 850: 847: 842: 841: 834: 831: 829: 826: 825: 822: 819: 818: 815: 812: 810: 807: 806: 803: 798: 797: 790: 787: 785: 782: 780: 777: 775: 772: 770: 767: 765: 762: 760: 757: 755: 752: 751: 748: 743: 742: 733: 732:Western tulku 730: 729: 728: 725: 723: 720: 718: 715: 714: 711: 708: 706: 703: 701: 698: 697: 694: 691: 689: 686: 685: 679: 678: 671: 668: 666: 663: 661: 658: 657: 654: 651: 649: 646: 644: 641: 639: 636: 635: 632: 629: 627: 624: 622: 619: 617: 614: 613: 610: 607: 605: 602: 600: 597: 596: 593: 590: 588: 585: 583: 580: 579: 576: 573: 571: 568: 566: 563: 562: 559: 556: 554: 551: 549: 546: 545: 542: 537: 536: 529: 526: 524: 521: 520: 517: 514: 512: 509: 507: 504: 503: 500: 497: 495: 492: 491: 488: 485: 483: 480: 479: 476: 473: 471: 468: 467: 464: 461: 459: 456: 455: 449: 448: 441: 438: 436: 433: 432: 428: 427: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 410: 406: 405: 402: 399: 397: 394: 393: 390: 387: 385: 382: 380: 377: 376: 373: 371: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 355: 352: 349: 348: 344: 343: 340: 335: 334: 327: 324: 322: 319: 317: 314: 312: 309: 307: 306:Je Tsongkhapa 304: 303: 298: 297: 296: 295: 287: 286: 283: 280: 278: 277:Sakya Pandita 275: 274: 269: 268: 265: 262: 260: 257: 256: 251: 250: 247: 244: 242: 239: 238: 233: 232: 229: 226: 224: 223:Dudjom Lingpa 221: 219: 216: 214: 211: 209: 206: 204: 203:Yeshe Tsogyal 201: 200: 196: 195: 192: 189: 187: 184: 182: 179: 177: 174: 172: 169: 167: 164: 163: 158: 157: 154: 151: 149: 146: 144: 141: 139: 136: 134: 131: 129: 128:Padmasambhāva 126: 125: 120: 119: 116: 111: 110: 103: 100: 98: 95: 93: 90: 88: 85: 83: 80: 78: 75: 73: 70: 68: 65: 64: 61: 56: 55: 51: 47: 46: 43: 38: 37: 33: 29: 28: 23: 19: 4009:expanding it 3998: 3983: 3913:Bodhisattvas 3833:Christianity 3828:BahĆ”Ź¼Ć­ Faith 3693:Dharmachakra 3683:Prayer wheel 3673:Prayer beads 3441:Architecture 3320:969 Movement 3104:Saudi Arabia 3082:Central Asia 3075:South Africa 2897: 2880: 2813:Panchen Lama 2718:Buddhapālita 2314:Satipatthana 2309:Mindful Yoga 2222:Recollection 2136:Brahmavihara 2007:Japanese Zen 2002:Chinese Chan 1962:Animal realm 1769:Key concepts 1591:Bodhisattvas 1403:Three Jewels 1304: 1297: 1290: 1283: 1265: 1258:Bibliography 1153: 1147: 1143: 1124: 1105: 1085: 1084:All Tibetan 1083: 1073: 1070: 1065: 1055: 1054:In her book 1053: 1044: 1029:Indo-Tibetan 1020: 1013:ą½¢ą¾£ą½˜ą¼‹ą½”ą½¢ą¼‹ą½ą½¢ą¼‹ą½”ą¼‹ 1004: 1000: 999: 986: 982: 966: 964: 868:Ashtamangala 853:Sand mandala 693:Panchen Lama 660:Tashi Lhunpo 292: 213:Jigme Lingpa 133:Śāntarakį¹£ita 4069:Tibet stubs 3758:Dharma talk 3587:Asalha Puja 3383:Eschatology 3186:Switzerland 3166:New Zealand 3094:Middle East 3003:Philippines 2923:Afghanistan 2728:Bodhidharma 2713:Buddhaghosa 2633:Householder 2543:Monasticism 2496:Bodhisattva 2351:Prostration 2304:Mindfulness 2232:Anapanasati 2215:Kammaį¹­į¹­hāna 2012:Korean Seon 1952:Asura realm 1947:Human realm 1887:Ten Fetters 1842:Parinirvana 1744:Uppalavanna 1709:Mahākaccana 1694:Mahākassapa 1626:Kį¹£itigarbha 1621:Ākāśagarbha 1518:Suddhodāna 1463:Four sights 1390:Foundations 1286:(Berkeley). 991:hagiography 587:Mindrolling 384:Bodhisattva 186:Sukhasiddhi 176:Abhayakirti 4048:Categories 3875:Psychology 3855:Gnosticism 3843:Comparison 3838:Influences 3820:Comparison 3703:Bhavacakra 3661:Kushinagar 3636:Pilgrimage 3582:Māgha PÅ«jā 3537:Bodhi Tree 3353:Buddhology 3343:Abhidharma 3335:Philosophy 3268:Menander I 3136:Costa Rica 3087:Uzbekistan 2928:Bangladesh 2882:Dhammapada 2866:Pali Canon 2828:Ajahn Chah 2808:Dalai Lama 2708:KumārajÄ«va 2703:Vasubandhu 2678:The Buddha 2586:Zen master 2521:Sakadagami 2501:Buddhahood 2432:Pratimokį¹£a 2247:Shikantaza 2203:Meditation 2178:Deity yoga 2049:Madhyamaka 1942:Deva realm 1837:Mindstream 1787:Bodhicitta 1699:Aį¹…gulimāla 1566:Devadatta 1542:Yaśodharā 1445:The Buddha 1435:Middle Way 1171:References 1037:buddhahood 1032:Mahasiddha 883:Mani stone 688:Dalai Lama 528:Buddhahood 516:Dream yoga 506:Deity yoga 482:Meditation 470:Bodhicitta 208:Longchenpa 138:Kamalaśīla 4064:Vajrayana 3943:Festivals 3923:Buddhists 3885:Theosophy 3688:Symbolism 3678:Hama yumi 3651:Bodh Gaya 3418:Socialism 3393:Evolution 3368:Economics 3206:Venezuela 3121:Australia 3116:Argentina 3040:Sri Lanka 3035:Singapore 2953:Indonesia 2915:Countries 2856:Tripiį¹­aka 2818:Ajahn Mun 2693:Nagarjuna 2688:Aśvaghoį¹£a 2571:Anagārika 2566:Śrāmaį¹‡erÄ« 2561:Śrāmaį¹‡era 2556:BhikkhunÄ« 2516:Sotāpanna 2405:Passaddhi 2346:Offerings 2321:Nekkhamma 2198:Iddhipada 2118:Practices 2088:Theravada 2061:Vajrayana 2054:Yogachara 2024:Pure Land 1937:Six Paths 1924:Cosmology 1704:Anuruddha 1679:Sāriputta 1669:Kaundinya 1661:Disciples 1636:Vajrapāį¹‡i 1488:Footprint 1453:Tathāgata 1293:(Oxford). 1041:Vajrayana 983:rNam-thar 747:Festivals 511:Guru yoga 494:Vajrayana 463:Pāramitās 363:Cosmology 339:Teachings 264:Taranatha 3961:Category 3890:Violence 3860:Hinduism 3808:Sanskrit 3763:Hinayana 3748:Amitābha 3708:Swastika 3577:Uposatha 3567:Holidays 3552:Calendar 3398:Humanism 3236:Kanishka 3226:Timeline 3050:Thailand 3018:Kalmykia 3013:Buryatia 2998:Pakistan 2983:Mongolia 2978:Maldives 2973:Malaysia 2938:Cambodia 2803:Shamarpa 2798:Nichiren 2748:Xuanzang 2683:Nagasena 2601:Rinpoche 2331:Pāramitā 2173:Devotion 2093:Navayana 2081:Dzogchen 2044:Nichiren 1992:Mahayana 1984:Branches 1862:Saį¹…khāra 1611:MaƱjuśrÄ« 1568:(cousin) 1560:(cousin) 1528:(mother) 1520:(father) 1508:Miracles 1458:Birthday 1375:Glossary 1348:Buddhism 1159:See also 906:Timeline 774:Dosmoche 710:Rinpoche 599:Narthang 558:Dzogchen 435:Dzogchen 288:Bodongpa 191:Milarepa 153:Ralpacan 32:a series 30:Part of 3938:Temples 3918:Buddhas 3880:Science 3870:Judaism 3865:Jainism 3783:Lineage 3743:AbhijƱā 3713:Thangka 3656:Sarnath 3641:Lumbini 3562:Funeral 3557:Cuisine 3433:Culture 3408:Reality 3358:Creator 3348:Atomism 3218:History 3191:Ukraine 3151:Germany 3070:Senegal 3060:Vietnam 2988:Myanmar 2788:Shinran 2778:Karmapa 2753:Shandao 2723:Dignāga 2648:Śrāvaka 2628:Donchee 2623:Kappiya 2581:Sayadaw 2551:Bhikkhu 2526:Anāgāmi 2483:Nirvana 2449:Samadhi 2336:Paritta 2277:Tonglen 2272:Mandala 2227:Smarana 2208:Mantras 2156:Upekkha 2126:Bhavana 2076:Shingon 2029:Tiantai 1882:Tathātā 1872:Śūnyatā 1867:Skandha 1857:Saį¹ƒsāra 1852:Rebirth 1827:Kleshas 1817:Indriya 1719:SubhÅ«ti 1604:Guanyin 1558:Ānanda 1550:Rāhula 1430:Nirvana 1370:Outline 1300:(Rome). 1132:Tibetan 1113:Tibetan 1094:Tibetan 1049:tantric 1045:tantras 1009:Tibetan 987:namthar 975:ą½¢ą¾£ą½˜ą¼‹ą½ą½¢ą¼‹ 971:Tibetan 918:Culture 913:Outline 901:History 858:Thangka 814:Tengyur 809:Kangyur 789:Losoong 784:Sho Dun 705:Karmapa 665:Tsurphu 626:Ramoche 609:Pabonka 604:Nechung 592:Namgyal 582:Labrang 570:Jokhang 553:Drepung 548:Tradruk 523:Thukdam 429:Nyingma 407:Tibetan 379:Rebirth 370:Saį¹ƒsāra 358:Skandha 299:Gelugpa 282:Gorampa 259:Dolpopa 197:Nyingma 67:Nyingma 60:Schools 3933:Sutras 3928:Suttas 3793:Siddhi 3778:Koliya 3753:Brahmā 3668:Poetry 3614:Mantra 3604:Kasaya 3476:Pagoda 3456:Kyaung 3451:Vihāra 3446:Temple 3388:Ethics 3231:Ashoka 3181:Sweden 3176:Poland 3171:Norway 3161:Mexico 3146:France 3131:Canada 3126:Brazil 3065:Africa 3045:Taiwan 3008:Russia 2933:Bhutan 2893:Vinaya 2773:Naropa 2763:Saraha 2698:Asanga 2454:PrajƱā 2363:Refuge 2326:Nianfo 2287:Tertƶn 2282:Tantra 2267:Ganana 2257:Tukdam 2183:Dhyāna 2151:Mudita 2146:Karuį¹‡Ä 2039:RisshÅ« 2034:Huayan 1967:Naraka 1907:Anattā 1902:Dukkha 1897:Anicca 1802:Dharma 1754:Channa 1689:Ānanda 1674:Assaji 1641:Skanda 1544:(wife) 1513:Family 1493:Relics 1418:Sangha 1413:Dharma 1408:Buddha 1272:  1148:siddha 1086:Namtar 1074:Namtar 1001:Namtar 967:namtar 779:Monlam 759:Dajyur 722:Tertƶn 621:Ralung 616:Palcho 575:Kumbum 565:Ganden 458:Lamrim 389:Dharma 252:Jonang 228:Mipham 181:Niguma 171:Talika 92:Jonang 82:Bodong 18:Namtar 4001:Tibet 3999:This 3905:Lists 3773:Kalpa 3768:Iddhi 3631:Music 3626:Mudra 3592:Vassa 3572:Vesak 3542:Budai 3488:Candi 3471:Stupa 3403:Logic 3156:Italy 3055:Tibet 2993:Nepal 2963:Korea 2958:Japan 2948:India 2943:China 2888:Sutra 2843:Texts 2793:Dōgen 2783:Hōnen 2768:Atiśa 2733:Zhiyi 2643:Achar 2611:Tulku 2606:Geshe 2591:Rōshi 2576:Ajahn 2531:Arhat 2491:Bodhi 2461:VÄ«rya 2378:Sacca 2373:Satya 2368:Sādhu 2356:Music 2299:Merit 2292:Terma 2252:Zazen 2188:Faith 2141:Mettā 1822:Karma 1782:Bardo 1749:Asita 1739:Khema 1729:Upāli 1714:Nanda 1552:(son) 1526:Māyā 1503:Films 1380:Index 1140:Wylie 1121:Wylie 1102:Wylie 1025:yogis 1017:Wylie 979:Wylie 802:Texts 769:Losar 727:Tulku 717:Geshe 670:Yerpa 653:Shalu 643:Sanga 638:Sakya 487:Laity 401:Karma 270:Sakya 241:Marpa 234:Kagyu 166:Atiśa 97:Gelug 87:Kagyu 77:Sakya 72:Kadam 4005:stub 3803:Pāįø·i 3788:Māra 3698:Flag 3099:Iran 3023:Tuva 2968:Laos 2596:Lama 2444:Śīla 2412:Śīla 2400:PÄ«ti 2390:Sati 2341:Puja 2262:Koan 2168:Dāna 1759:Yasa 1646:Tārā 1270:ISBN 700:Lama 648:Sera 631:Rato 102:RimĆ© 3525:Art 3461:Wat 1997:Zen 1027:or 993:in 846:Art 4050:: 3027:ru 1244:^ 1230:^ 1216:^ 1204:^ 1192:^ 1178:^ 1142:: 1138:, 1134:: 1123:: 1119:, 1115:: 1104:: 1100:, 1096:: 1058:, 1019:: 1015:, 1011:: 997:. 981:: 977:, 973:: 965:A 34:on 4036:e 4029:t 4022:v 4011:. 3029:) 3025:( 2243:) 2239:( 1334:e 1327:t 1320:v 1278:. 1150:. 1007:( 969:( 954:e 947:t 940:v 24:.

Index

Namtar
Tibetan autobiography
a series
Tibetan Buddhism
Tibetan Dharma Wheel
Schools
Nyingma
Kadam
Sakya
Bodong
Kagyu
Jonang
Gelug
RimƩ
Key personalities
Padmasambhāva
Śāntarakį¹£ita
Kamalaśīla
Songtsen Gampo
Trisong Detsen
Ralpacan
Atiśa
Talika
Abhayakirti
Niguma
Sukhasiddhi
Milarepa
Yeshe Tsogyal
Longchenpa
Jigme Lingpa

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