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are just forward of the mouth and connected to it by a broad groove; the nasal flaps are short, but merged into a broad nasal curtain that overlaps the mouth. The small teeth have a single moderate cusp; the teeth and tooth bands are exposed when the mouth is closed (except in
298:
off the bottom; their protrusible jaws aid in removing prey from the substrate. They can generate a moderate shock if disturbed and contact is made with the electric organs; the electrical discharges of narcinids have been measured at 8-37
269:
Numbfishes vary in color from whitish or yellowish to brownish, grey-brown, greenish, reddish, or black above, either plain or with small to large spots, blotches, bars or lines, sometimes forming complex eye-shaped spots or
197:
Members of this family are commonly known as the numbfishes, and are found almost worldwide in warm temperate and tropical continental and continental insular waters. They are strictly marine, so are absent from
245:-shaped pectoral discs and stout tails of equal or longer length. The snout is moderately elongated, rounded, or rounded-angular, differing from the narkids in being supported by broad rostral
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249:. The mouth is straight, with stout, elongated, and highly protrusible jaws and a prominent groove around its periphery. The
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374:
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241:, adult numbfishes range from 15 to 66 cm long, though most are less than 50 cm. They have oval, rounded, or
425:
Compagno, L.J.V. and Last, P.R. (1999). Narcinidae. Numbfishes. p. 1433-1437. In: K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.)
452:
430:
729:
662:
402:
767:
427:
FAO identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the
Western Central Pacific.
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on the pectoral fins. They are usually white underneath, or black in deep-water species. The large,
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278:-shaped electric organs at the base of the pectoral fins are visible through the skin.
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Sharks, Skates, and Rays: The
Biology of Elasmobranch Fishes
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303:, much less than the electric rays of the genus
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321:These genera are included in this family:
177:discs and long tails. They can produce an
29:
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313:, with eggs hatching inside the mother.
467:
379:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
750:
436:
281:
492:
491:
392:
712:865687AC-8E6A-4405-FF0F-0E9CFC307CA6
673:b59b05aa-c023-4297-9b4b-504d4e77fb1d
407:ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research.
447:. Baltimore and London: JHU Press.
225:and river mouths, and on the upper
13:
262:of roughly equal size and a large
14:
789:
431:Food and Agriculture Organization
53:
461:
409:Retrieved on October 12, 2008.
367:
232:
181:for defense, from which their
16:Family of cartilaginous fishes
1:
361:
286:Numbfishes are slow-swimming
443:Hamlett, William C. (1999).
7:
778:Taxa named by Theodore Gill
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10:
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50:Scientific classification
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37:
28:
23:
471:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
194:, meaning 'paralysis').
481:. October 2012 version.
229:to a depth of 1,071 m.
237:Small to medium-sized
694:Paleobiology Database
768:Marine fish families
173:with large, rounded
171:cartilaginous fishes
473:"Family Narcinidae"
290:that feed on small
282:Biology and ecology
39:Lesser electric ray
401:Martin, R. Aidan.
309:. All species are
179:electric discharge
158:, are a family of
43:Narcine bancroftii
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744:
681:Open Tree of Life
494:Taxon identifiers
258:). Two prominent
227:continental slope
213:, muddy enclosed
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206:. They occur in
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763:Torpediniformes
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288:bottom-dwellers
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183:scientific name
168:bottom-dwelling
164:Torpediniformes
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127:Torpediniformes
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107:Elasmobranchii
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97:Chondrichthyes
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454:0-8018-6048-2
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403:Electric Rays
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160:electric rays
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773:Ray families
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382:. Retrieved
375:"Narcinidae"
369:
353:
346:
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332:
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185:is derived (
175:pectoral fin
166:). They are
155:
151:
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136:
113:Superorder:
42:
18:
619:iNaturalist
526:Wikispecies
327:Benthobatis
260:dorsal fins
233:Description
223:coral reefs
24:Narcinidae
758:Narcinidae
752:Categories
559:Narcinidae
546:Narcinidae
532:Narcinidae
502:Narcinidae
362:References
334:Diplobatis
264:caudal fin
256:Diplobatis
247:cartilages
156:numbfishes
152:Narcinidae
142:T. N. Gill
137:Narcinidae
103:Subclass:
384:March 20,
355:Narcinops
341:Discopyge
219:estuaries
73:Kingdom:
67:Eukaryota
517:Q2167421
511:Wikidata
478:FishBase
251:nostrils
133:Family:
117:Batoidea
87:Chordata
83:Phylum:
77:Animalia
63:Domain:
722:4783307
348:Narcine
306:Torpedo
211:beaches
162:(order
123:Order:
93:Class:
735:148816
719:uBio:
699:154072
686:818997
670:NZOR:
650:564006
637:113895
451:
429:Rome:
317:Genera
292:fishes
276:kidney
272:ocelli
243:shovel
221:, off
200:rivers
144:, 1862
730:WoRMS
707:Plazi
663:40665
632:IRMNG
624:85914
585:624Q4
572:52971
301:volts
208:sandy
204:lakes
191:narke
187:Greek
154:, or
658:NCBI
645:ITIS
611:2183
606:GBIF
598:8899
567:BOLD
449:ISBN
386:2006
294:and
239:rays
215:bays
202:and
593:EoL
580:CoL
554:AFD
541:ADW
754::
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475:.
414:^
405:.
394:^
377:.
217:,
41:,
457:.
433:.
388:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
