101:
1312:
718:
20:
242:, but the names did not endure. In the 1830s the South Island was used as an alternative to Middle Island and by 1907 it became the common name. The North and South Island names arose through common usage rather than official declaration and in 2009 it was revealed that they had never been formalised.
1299:
Many cities and towns have nicknames based on a prominent feature or one which promoters wish to emphasise. Christchurch is promoted as the "Garden City" and
Auckland is commonly referred to as the "city of sails". Hamilton acquired the nickname "the Tron" after "Hamiltron: City of the Future" was
632:
The NZGB prefers Māori place names and look to restore the original Māori name if it has altered over time. If both names are considered equally significant a place may be given dual or alternative names. The board prefers places to have single names and aims to use just the Māori name eventually.
221:
established New
Zealand as a British colony and claimed the "principal islands" of New Zealand, identified by their commonly known names at the time: the Northern Island (the North Island), the Middle Island (the South Island) and Stewart's Island or "South Island". The letters patent attempted to
2061:
Before 1835 some Māori came to Rēkohu (Chatham Island) with sealers, and several became residents. One man of Ngāti Toa settled at
Wharekauri. Lacking knowledge of the Moriori language, he failed to distinguish between the name for the settlement and the name for the island. On his return to the
1239:
Many of New
Zealand's place names have never been officially approved by the NZGB. They either fall outside the board's jurisdiction (homesteads, lighthouses) or were common names before the board was established and have never been officially formalised. Unofficial recorded names are defined as
85:
English and Māori names or, in a few rare cases, dual Māori names or dual
English names. Most names have never been made official, but if they are mentioned in authoritative publications they are considered recorded names. Colloquial names in New Zealand result from an ironic view of the place's
371:
Many Māori place names possess either historical or mythological significance. Their meaning is not always apparent from literal translations, but some interpretations have passed down through oral tradition. Before the arrivals of
Europeans, place names often commemorated notable or historical
625:(NZGB) and gave it power to change or implement Māori and English names. Anyone can propose a geographical name to the Board, which consults local Māori and allows public submissions before determining if a name should be made official. Names can also be made official through an
616:
in 1894 that gave preference to Māori names for any new features and allowed the alteration of misspelt names (although this did not always occur). In 1924 the
Honorary Geographic Board of New Zealand was set up by the government to advise on place names, and in 1946 the
1280:(in power 1893–1906) popularised "God's Own Country". Both names fell out of popularity in the course of the 20th century, although "God's Own Country" (or "Godzone") still occasionally appears. Latinate names for the country have included
582:
1500 CE and named them Rēkohu (Misty Sun). Sometime before 1835 mainland Māori settled at Rēkohu and confused the name of the settlement, Wharekauri, with the name of the main island. It has been known as
Wharekauri to Māori ever since.
1240:"names that have appeared in at least two publicly available authoritative publications or databases". Such recorded names include those of major cities (Wellington, Auckland, Hamilton, Christchurch), mountains (
245:
In 2013, alternative names were formalised for the two main islands, as North Island or Te Ika-a-Māui, and South Island or Te
Waipounamu, with either English or Māori name being used or a combination of both.
209:
ordered him to proceed "...to the
Westward between the Latitude beforementioned and the Latitude of 35° until’ you discover it, or fall in with the Eastern side of the Land discover’d by Tasman and now called
39:
origin. Both groups used names to commemorate notable people, events, places from their homeland, and their ships, or to describe the surrounding area. It is unknown whether Māori had a name for the whole of
875:
Most European names came during the 1840s to the 1910s and were given by surveyors who worked for colonising associations or provincial governments. Names acknowledged the colonising associations sponsors
2254:
2225:
393:
named many of New Zealand's coastal features. Like later European explorers, they named things after themselves, their family members and events that occurred at the newly discovered locations.
2597:, it is used for 'country' when we are describing Aotearoa/New Zealand as a 'nation'. For example: 'Māori leaders from throughout the motu (country) attended the hui (gathering, meeting).'
378:
names or myths. After European arrival many locations became known under names representing Māori versions of European words or poorly-pronounced contractions of the original Māori names.
1259:
The New Zealand archipelago and various parts of it have acquired a range of colloquial names over the years. Unofficial late 19th-century names for New Zealand included "Maoriland" and "
597:
Early Europeans replaced most of the original Māori names with their own, although they retained some Māori names, especially in the north and central regions of the North Island. The
1337:
of the films). Wellington, the centre of the films' production, was sometimes called "Middle-earth", and for about a week around the release of the first movie the local newspaper
1416:(/waɪkɪkɑːmuːkaʊ/, as if saying "Why kick a moo-cow") is a generic (and somewhat disparaging) name for a small rural and entirely fictional town or locality in New Zealand.
81:
in the mid-1940s led to the encouragement of original Māori names, although differing spellings and anglicised pronunciations persisted. Many names now have alternative or
701:. The government decided later in 2009 to accept both "Whanganui" and "Wanganui" as alternative official names. The spelling "Wanganui" may have originated to reflect the
1096:
1100:
2798:
2667:
2258:
2608:
2450:
2229:
1386:. Other areas have nicknames or popular designations based on abbreviations or on mangling their Māori name. New Zealanders will sometimes refer to the
1288:. Since about 2015 many English-speaking New Zealanders have started colloquially referring to their country using the English/Māori phrase "the motu" (
2717:
2125:
108:
No known pre-contact Māori name for New Zealand as a whole survives, although the Māori had several names for the North and South Islands, including
86:
entertainment value, or plays on advertising mottos, or are shortened versions of the full name. Some places tried to capitalise on the success of
765:
2691:
2074:
1598:
He named the country Staaten Land, in honour of the States-General of Holland, in the belief that it was part of the great southern continent.
2544:
1435:
1902:
1425:
649:
3039:
2181:
1874:
1563:
1430:
984:
is named after the Austrian emperor. Royal names are more popular for streets than towns or geographical features, although both
592:
100:
50:(commonly translated as 'long white cloud') has been used to refer to the whole country. Dutch cartographers named the islands
3044:
2994:
2964:
2923:
1355:
scenes, unofficially renamed itself "Hobbiton". The flourishing of the film-industry in Wellington has led to the nickname "
797:
685:(sea-monster) which legend says lived in Wellington Harbour). In 2009 the NZGB recommended renaming the city of Wanganui to
598:
173:
proved that the South American land was an island in 1643, and Dutch cartographers subsequently renamed Tasman's discovery
161:" (Dutch parliament). He wrote, "it is possible that this land joins to the Staten Land but it is uncertain", referring to
785:
773:
2823:
1327:
88:
3023:
2677:
2593:
Motu (maw-too): This word has about five different meanings but in most cases, and probably 100 percent of the time on
2476:
2865:
1459:
Recorded names were obtained by comparing names found in the New Zealand Place Names Database but not recorded in the
777:
2945:
1832:
1804:
829:
158:
2767:
2580:
989:
146:(commonly translated as 'long white cloud'); in modern Māori usage this has become the name for the whole country.
2454:
2151:
1338:
2879:
2646:
2280:
2102:
1763:
1274:
1215:
and some of the suburbs and streets of Auckland and Wellington reflect Australian immigration (Footscray and
606:
529:
3018:
3014:
2721:
1716:
1585:
622:
78:
1366:
A number of communities have acquired ironic nicknames associating them with the "more exciting" city of
115:
23:
Captain James Cook's map of New Zealand, showing a mixture of Māori names and names Cook bestowed himself
1722:
781:
2062:
mainland of New Zealand he spoke of Rēkohu as Wharekauri. It has been called that by Māori ever since.
2743:
2624:
2033:
1216:
1180:
801:
1311:
1123:. A few derive their names from descriptions in languages other than English or Māori, for example:
471:
all commemorate incidents that occurred during the early arrivals, many of which are now forgotten.
2911:
2695:
2672:
1866:
1611:
985:
981:
897:
877:
813:
722:
239:
2521:
1980:
1928:
1718:
The Great Journey: an expedition to explore the interior of the Middle Island, New Zealand, 1846-8
1559:
1659:
1188:
1168:
1072:
973:
965:
805:
748:
Tasman named a few geographic features as he sailed along New Zealand's west coast. Many such as
629:. The NZGB is required to keep a public list of all the official New Zealand geographical names.
602:
425:(the great harbour of Tara), derives from Tara, a grandson of Kupe and ancestor of several local
2811:
Known affectionately by locals as Snake Gully or Stokes Vegas, it is easy to miss Stokes Valley.
2828:
2651:
2566:
The Dictionary of New Zealand English: a dictionary of New Zealandisms on historical principles
2549:
2203:
1768:
1375:
1176:
1156:
1104:
977:
901:
889:
881:
726:
705:
pronunciation of local Māori, who pronounce 'wh' (an "f"-like sound in other dialects) as – a
618:
521:
432:
402:
2366:
2299:
1395:
1305:
1224:
1005:
969:
957:
937:
933:
917:
753:
730:
525:
3026:– Links to PDFs and Spreadsheets containing all of New Zealands official geographical names.
2028:
Clark, Ross (1994). "Moriori and Māori: The Linguistic Evidence". In Sutton, Douglas (ed.).
2002:
1655:
The Nuttall Encyclopaedia: Being a Concise and Comprehensive Dictionary of General Knowledge
1586:"The Pamphlet Collection of Sir Robert Stout:Volume 44. Chapter 1, Discovery and Settlement"
1403:
1260:
1253:
1196:
1124:
961:
849:
642:
486:
235:
227:
8:
2933:
2748:
1277:
1231:) in Christchurch, reflecting British imperial connections rather than Indian influence.
1192:
1037:
953:
945:
929:
909:
825:
653:
178:
162:
1653:
1638:
1363:
near the airport failed due to public resistance and possible copyright infringements.
1120:
1112:
1064:
1056:
997:
949:
839:
833:
749:
657:
418:
1783:
2990:
2960:
2941:
2919:
1838:
1828:
1204:
1068:
1016:
and many natural features. Relatively few names are derived from British towns, with
993:
626:
206:
205:
left on his first voyage of discovery in 1768, the sealed orders given to him by the
73:
were replaced by Europeans during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Government
1289:
664:
70:
2499:
1736:
1407:
1391:
1269:
1249:
1160:
1128:
808:
after sailing through it. The explorers lent their names to many places, including
633:
Alternative names are where officially either name could be used (for example, the
452:
410:
638:
110:
2884:
1862:
1387:
1367:
1264:
1029:
921:
853:
817:
793:
742:
690:
575:
514:
436:
406:
398:
170:
32:
3017:, databases of recorded and official names and other relevant information from
2868:- "Come have lots of free, Christmas fun together in the heart of Wainuiomata!"
1712:
1686:
1633:
Mackay, Duncan (1986). "The Search For The Southern Land". In Fraser, B (ed.).
1524:
1360:
865:
848:
ships visited New Zealand's shores between 1791 and 1820 and were used to name
789:
761:
613:
571:
520:
European arrivals exposed Māori to Christianity, leading to the settlements of
390:
218:
194:
166:
74:
36:
1824:
The Reed dictionary of Māori place names = Te papakupu ingoa wāhi Māori a Reed
3033:
1383:
1323:
1245:
1084:
885:
769:
468:
394:
124:
2844:
2428:
2405:
2379:
2345:
2322:
2177:
1842:
1740:
1080:
663:
Māori groups have campaigned to correct inaccurately-spelled or -pronounced
464:
1413:
1379:
1334:
1241:
1184:
1164:
1076:
1052:
1033:
905:
893:
861:
809:
706:
634:
601:
was responsible for place names until 1894 when authority was given to the
478:
372:
incidents, described features of the location or derived from traditional
231:
140:. Until the early 20th century, Māori also referred to the North Island as
137:
119:
2799:"In the 'burbs: Deep in Stokes Valley, the community's heart beats strong"
1219:). There is very little Asian influence in New Zealand place naming, with
646:
448:
238:. New Ulster, New Munster and New Leinster were also used for the initial
2763:
2048:
1951:
1822:
1399:
1172:
1116:
1044:
1001:
913:
857:
821:
609:
150:
82:
41:
1301:
1220:
1208:
1132:
1108:
1092:
1088:
1048:
941:
565:
501:, among others. Descriptive words often occur as part of a place name.
494:
460:
223:
202:
198:
63:
3010:
2982:
1356:
1212:
1060:
1021:
1013:
1009:
924:). Military heroes and famous battles were popular place names, with
738:
734:
717:
686:
553:
533:
502:
440:
1903:"FIG 2010 Conference Paper: Place Naming Legislation in New Zealand"
1788:
1352:
1348:
1315:
925:
800:
commemorates a Māori attempt to kidnap one of Cook's crew members.
672:
506:
498:
142:
46:
19:
2620:
1333:, New Zealand has sometimes been called "Middle-earth" (after the
456:
153:
was the first European to sight New Zealand, in 1642. He named it
1506:
1504:
1371:
1228:
1191:
has an English flavour to its nomenclature with Christchurch and
1017:
757:
702:
698:
681:
541:
537:
374:
182:
129:
59:
490:
435:
have become attached to some New Zealand landmarks, for example
44:
before the arrival of Europeans, but post-colonisation the name
2778:
2126:"Is it time to restore all of New Zealand's Māori place names?"
1200:
641:) and dual names are where both names should be used together (
561:
557:
545:
474:
444:
386:
104:
Dutch map of 1657 showing western coastline of "Nova Zeelandia"
1501:
62:). By the time of British exploration, the country's name was
2955:
Hay, Jennifer; Maclagan, Margaret; Gordon, Elizabeth (2008).
1152:
549:
1981:"Ngā waewae tapu – Māori exploration – Western North Island"
2228:. Land Information New Zealand. August 2010. Archived from
667:
place names. In 2000 the Geographic Board declined a local
382:
2367:
http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/Gaelic/placenamesC-E.pdf
2080:. New Zealand Geographic Board (Ngā Pou Taunahao Aotearoa)
1929:"Ngā waewae tapu – Māori exploration – Te Arawa explorers"
481:
are two of the few remaining names connected to places in
1083:
defied colonial government for many years. Mountains and
427:
556:
settlements represent Māori-language approximations of
2720:. National Geographic. 19 December 2001. Archived from
1741:"Place names – Naming the country and the main islands"
405:
stake that he used to claim ownership of the area, and
2568:. Auckland: Oxford University Press. pp. 931–932.
2255:"Consultation on proposed names: Other Considerations"
1477:
960:. British politicians and royalty lent their names to
2477:"New Zealand Gazetteer of Official Geographic Names"
165:
at the southern tip of South America, discovered by
2718:"Lord of the Rings: Magic for New Zealand Tourism?"
2226:"Kairangi Name Proposals go to Public Consultation"
2075:"Process For New Zealand Official Geographic Names"
1203:area. Scandinavian migrants left their mark in the
652:, New Zealand's tallest mountain officially became
255:Words that are commonly used in Māori place names:
3024:New Zealand Gazetteer of Official Geographic Names
1461:New Zealand Gazetteer of Official Geographic Names
2954:
2784:
1560:"European discovery of New Zealand – Abel Tasman"
1510:
1489:
1410:as "Pie-cock". Wainuiomata can become "the Nui".
578:(off the eastern coasts of mainland New Zealand)
3031:
2989:. Revised by Peter Dowling. North Shore: Raupo.
2249:
2247:
656:. There are also a few English dual names, with
2668:"Monday News Munchies: Hamiltron has the goods"
2399:
2397:
645:). In 1998, as a result of the settling of the
2453:. Land Information New Zealand. Archived from
2429:"Place names – Omissions and minor influences"
2257:. Land Information New Zealand. Archived from
2204:"NZ Government Executive Ngāi Tahu Settlement"
1856:
1854:
1852:
671:suggestion to rename the Wellington suburb of
431:. Names from other islands visited during the
2244:
1827:. A. W. Reed (3rd ed.). Auckland: Reed.
1764:"North and South Islands officially nameless"
1436:Locations in New Zealand with a Scottish name
868:was named after the first officer aboard the
2866:Christmas In the Nui & Santa Parade 2019
2394:
586:
1849:
1805:"Names of NZ's two main islands formalised"
1687:"New Leinster, New Munster, and New Ulster"
1680:
1678:
1308:due to its strong and unpredictable winds.
1067:) were named after the early settlers. The
689:as the town was originally named after the
95:
92:films by linking themselves to the movies.
2932:
2768:"Just the spot... for jumping off a cliff"
2744:"Airport backs down over 'Wellywood' sign"
2621:"Welcome to Christchurch, the Garden City"
1908:. Land Information New Zealand. April 2010
1802:
1603:
1483:
1426:List of New Zealand place name etymologies
1351:, near the location of many of the films'
1267:, and an early labour newspaper named the
201:to New Zealand, but when British explorer
2940:. Australia: Cambridge University Press.
2847:. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
2502:. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
2431:. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
2408:. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
2382:. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
2348:. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
2325:. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
2302:. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
2051:. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
1983:. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
1931:. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
1860:
1743:. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
1693:. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
1614:. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
1583:
1103:). Other names were descriptive, such as
660:also officially known as Port Nicholson.
2957:Dialects of English: New Zealand English
2877:
2842:
2824:"TVNZ's Toni ties the knot in the 'Naki"
2694:. Statistics New Zealand. Archived from
2665:
2644:
2578:
2497:
2426:
2403:
2377:
2343:
2320:
2281:"Whanganui or Wanganui – it's up to you"
2175:
2123:
1807:(Press release). New Zealand Government.
1735:
1684:
1675:
1310:
1256:) and many other geographical features.
716:
574:, descendants of Māori, migrated to the
99:
18:
2542:
2380:"Place names – The imperial connection"
2201:
2182:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
2097:
2095:
2030:The Origins of the First New Zealanders
1956:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
1875:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
1803:Williamson, Maurice (10 October 2013).
1761:
1729:
1711:
1564:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
1441:
1431:List of dual place names in New Zealand
593:List of dual place names in New Zealand
3032:
2796:
2762:
2563:
2297:
2178:"Place names – Māori and Pākehā names"
2152:"Islands' alternative names confirmed"
2003:"Events, maps and European influences"
1978:
1926:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1632:
1609:
1557:
1263:". "Maoriland" occurred widely in the
16:Overview of place names in New Zealand
2880:"This American's got us Kiwis sussed"
2124:Thornber, Lorna (16 September 2020).
2046:
2027:
1974:
1972:
1816:
1814:
493:(the forest god) lending his name to
77:in 1894 and the establishment of the
2981:
2910:
2797:Boyack, Nicholas (25 January 2020).
2666:Phillips, Hazel (30 November 2009).
2645:McFadden, Suzanne (25 August 2010).
2524:. Dictionary of Australian Biography
2092:
1949:
1820:
1651:
1495:
1146:
1087:were named after their discoverers (
599:Royal Geographical Society of London
2878:Gulliver, Aimee (24 January 2014).
2543:Woodham, Kerre (28 February 2011).
2500:"The New Zealanders – Maorilanders"
2344:McKinnon, Malcolm (November 2009).
2176:McKinnon, Malcolm (November 2009).
2149:
1888:
1234:
1175:) and Scottish settlers also named
509:indicates good waters for catching
54:the Latin translation of the Dutch
13:
2975:
2916:The Penguin History of New Zealand
2581:"New kupu for Māori Language Week"
2451:"New Zealand Place Names Database"
2206:. New Zealand Government Executive
1969:
1811:
1784:"Confusion over NZ islands' names"
1522:
1394:as "Palmy", Gisborne as "Gizzie",
766:Cook named many more on his voyage
14:
3056:
3004:
2845:"Place names – Naming after 1920"
1861:Dollimore, Edward (April 2009) .
1689:. In McLintock, Alexander (ed.).
1273:appeared from 1910 to the 1930s.
1043:Many inland locations (including
712:
2938:A Concise History of New Zealand
2843:McKinnon, Malcolm (March 2009).
2583:. Te Ao Māori. Radio New Zealand
2427:McKinnon, Malcolm (March 2009).
2404:McKinnon, Malcolm (March 2009).
2378:McKinnon, Malcolm (March 2009).
2321:McKinnon, Malcolm (March 2009).
2150:Fox, Michael (10 October 2013).
2047:Davis, Denise (September 2007).
1762:Davison, Isaac (22 April 2009).
1685:Paterson, Donald (April 2009) .
1199:and French names throughout the
1079:references the region where the
489:in names is more apparent, with
417:means food). The Māori name for
2903:
2871:
2859:
2836:
2816:
2790:
2785:Hay, Maclagan & Gordon 2008
2756:
2736:
2710:
2684:
2659:
2638:
2613:
2602:
2572:
2557:
2536:
2514:
2491:
2469:
2443:
2420:
2371:
2360:
2346:"Place names – Colonial naming"
2337:
2323:"Place names – Early explorers"
2314:
2291:
2273:
2218:
2195:
2169:
2143:
2117:
2067:
2040:
2021:
1995:
1943:
1920:
1871:An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand
1796:
1776:
1755:
1705:
1691:An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand
1610:Wilson, John (September 2007).
1511:Hay, Maclagan & Gordon 2008
1453:
544:respectively. The names of the
3040:Names of places in New Zealand
3011:Place Names & Street Names
2959:. Edinburgh University Press.
2918:. New Zealand: Penguin Books.
2579:Rerekura, Eru (27 July 2015).
2479:. Land Information New Zealand
2105:. Land Information New Zealand
1645:
1635:The New Zealand Book Of Events
1626:
1577:
1551:
1533:for making Discoveries of the
1525:"JOURNAL or DESCRIPTION By me
1516:
1296:can literally mean "island").
990:Wellington have Mount Victoria
752:did not last, while some like
381:Early Māori explorers such as
249:
197:. It is unknown when this was
136:(the canoe of Aoraki) for the
1:
2752:. New Zealand. 31 March 2010.
2522:"Bracken, Thomas (1843–1898)"
2498:Phillips, Jock (March 2009).
1979:Taonui, Rāwiri (March 2009).
1927:Taonui, Rāwiri (March 2009).
1539:. Project Gutenberg Australia
1470:
1359:", but a proposal to erect a
1318:'s 'Welcome to Hobbiton' sign
1300:suggested for a city slogan.
1151:Many Scottish names occur in
756:(the wife of the governor of
579:
505:means "wide river-mouth" and
58:(after the Dutch province of
3045:Geographical naming disputes
3019:Land Information New Zealand
3015:New Zealand Geographic Board
2406:"Place names – Local naming"
2049:"The impact of new arrivals"
1127:, which means "sea view" in
623:New Zealand Geographic Board
79:New Zealand Geographic Board
7:
1950:Reid, Darren (March 2009).
1558:Wilson, John (March 2009).
1419:
1135:, which means "beautiful" (
741:all derive their name from
532:– named after the biblical
163:a landmass of the same name
10:
3061:
2987:Place Names of New Zealand
1952:"Muaūpoko – Early history"
1723:Royal Geographical Society
590:
2647:"Auckland: City of sails"
2625:Christchurch City Council
2034:Auckland University Press
1322:Following the release of
896:), government officials (
587:Post-colonial recognition
3013:– Information about the
2673:National Business Review
2545:"Their spirit is strong"
2300:"Whanganui or Wanganui?"
1660:Frederick Warne & Co
1446:
1040:among the most notable.
996:is named after governor
240:provinces of New Zealand
96:Country and main islands
1658:. London and New York:
1382:and "Stokes Vegas" for
1139:in Lallands) "island" (
603:governor of New Zealand
29:New Zealand place names
2829:The New Zealand Herald
2692:"All About Wellington"
2652:The New Zealand Herald
2550:The New Zealand Herald
2285:The New Zealand Herald
1769:The New Zealand Herald
1612:"Tasman's achievement"
1361:"Hollywood"-style sign
1319:
1293:
1071:takes its name from a
920:) and church leaders (
802:Jules Dumont d'Urville
745:
619:New Zealand Parliament
177:from Latin, after the
105:
24:
2564:Orsman, H.W. (1997).
1345:The Middle Earth Post
1329:The Lord of the Rings
1314:
1143:in Scottish Gaelic).
786:Queen Charlotte Sound
754:Cape Maria van Diemen
720:
433:Polynesian migrations
103:
89:The Lord of the Rings
22:
2934:Mein Smith, Philippa
2103:"Help finding names"
1867:McLintock, Alexander
1821:Reed, A. W. (1996).
1652:Wood, James (1900).
1442:Notes and references
1254:Great Barrier Island
1195:, but also contains
1004:'s name is used for
850:Coromandel Peninsula
697:is not in the Māori
643:Matiu / Somes Island
487:Polynesian mythology
443:) and Tawhiti (from
236:provinces in Ireland
2749:The Southland Times
2724:on 27 December 2001
2698:on 13 November 2010
2680:on 2 December 2009.
2298:Beaglehole, Diana.
2287:. 18 December 2009.
2036:. pp. 123–135.
1863:"Maori Place Names"
1529:, Of a Voyage from
1378:, "Invervegas" for
1278:Richard John Seddon
1038:Canterbury Province
774:Three Kings Islands
654:Aoraki / Mount Cook
423:Te Whanganui a Tara
315:Mud, sand or beach
256:
222:rename the islands
2832:. 6 December 2009.
2772:Guardian Unlimited
2009:. 24 November 2008
1535:Unknown South Land
1370:; "Rotovegas" for
1343:renamed itself as
1320:
1223:in Wellington and
998:Thomas Gore Browne
764:are still in use.
746:
658:Wellington Harbour
419:Wellington Harbour
254:
157:"in honour of the
106:
69:Many of the early
25:
2996:978-0-14-320410-7
2966:978-0-7486-2529-1
2925:978-0-14-301867-4
1739:(November 2009).
1737:McKinnon, Malcolm
1641:. pp. 52–54.
1537:in the year 1642"
1527:Abel Jansz Tasman
1374:, "Ashvegas" for
1335:fictional setting
1261:God's Own Country
1205:Seventy Mile Bush
1147:Regional patterns
1095:) or scientists (
1069:Mackenzie Country
627:Act of Parliament
369:
368:
207:British Admiralty
3052:
3000:
2970:
2951:
2929:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2892:
2875:
2869:
2863:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2840:
2834:
2833:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2808:
2806:
2794:
2788:
2782:
2776:
2775:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2740:
2734:
2733:
2731:
2729:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2703:
2688:
2682:
2681:
2676:. Archived from
2663:
2657:
2656:
2642:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2631:
2617:
2611:
2606:
2600:
2599:
2590:
2588:
2576:
2570:
2569:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2507:
2495:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2484:
2473:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2457:on 12 March 2011
2447:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2401:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2375:
2369:
2364:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2341:
2335:
2334:
2332:
2330:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2277:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2266:
2251:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2173:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2121:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2099:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2079:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2058:
2056:
2044:
2038:
2037:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2014:
1999:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1976:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1947:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1924:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1907:
1899:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1858:
1847:
1846:
1818:
1809:
1808:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1792:. 22 April 2009.
1780:
1774:
1773:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1682:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1630:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1593:
1581:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1520:
1514:
1508:
1499:
1493:
1487:
1481:
1464:
1457:
1406:as "Waimak" and
1402:as "Paraparam",
1392:Palmerston North
1340:The Evening Post
1304:is known as the
1270:Maoriland Worker
1250:Auckland Islands
1235:Unofficial names
908:), politicians (
830:d'Urville Island
621:established the
581:
453:Rangitoto Island
365:Land or country
257:
253:
134:Te Waka o Aoraki
66:to New Zealand.
3060:
3059:
3055:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3049:
3030:
3029:
3007:
2997:
2978:
2976:Further reading
2973:
2967:
2948:
2926:
2906:
2901:
2900:
2890:
2888:
2876:
2872:
2864:
2860:
2850:
2848:
2841:
2837:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2804:
2802:
2801:. Stuff Limited
2795:
2791:
2783:
2779:
2766:(27 May 2002).
2761:
2757:
2742:
2741:
2737:
2727:
2725:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2701:
2699:
2690:
2689:
2685:
2664:
2660:
2643:
2639:
2629:
2627:
2619:
2618:
2614:
2607:
2603:
2586:
2584:
2577:
2573:
2562:
2558:
2541:
2537:
2527:
2525:
2520:
2519:
2515:
2505:
2503:
2496:
2492:
2482:
2480:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2460:
2458:
2449:
2448:
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2434:
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2425:
2421:
2411:
2409:
2402:
2395:
2385:
2383:
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2361:
2351:
2349:
2342:
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2328:
2326:
2319:
2315:
2305:
2303:
2296:
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2274:
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2253:
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2245:
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2224:
2223:
2219:
2209:
2207:
2200:
2196:
2186:
2184:
2174:
2170:
2160:
2158:
2148:
2144:
2134:
2132:
2122:
2118:
2108:
2106:
2101:
2100:
2093:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2054:
2052:
2045:
2041:
2026:
2022:
2012:
2010:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1986:
1984:
1977:
1970:
1960:
1958:
1948:
1944:
1934:
1932:
1925:
1921:
1911:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1900:
1889:
1879:
1877:
1859:
1850:
1835:
1819:
1812:
1801:
1797:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1760:
1756:
1746:
1744:
1734:
1730:
1713:Brunner, Thomas
1710:
1706:
1696:
1694:
1683:
1676:
1665:
1663:
1650:
1646:
1631:
1627:
1617:
1615:
1608:
1604:
1591:
1589:
1584:John Bathgate.
1582:
1578:
1568:
1566:
1556:
1552:
1542:
1540:
1521:
1517:
1509:
1502:
1494:
1490:
1484:Mein Smith 2005
1482:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1467:
1458:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1422:
1390:as "The Naki",
1388:Taranaki Region
1265:labour movement
1237:
1149:
1030:Scottish Gaelic
854:Chatham Islands
798:Cape Kidnappers
794:Banks Peninsula
743:Sir George Grey
715:
691:Whanganui River
679:(the name of a
595:
589:
576:Chatham Islands
515:flathead mullet
437:Raratoka Island
407:Kaipara Harbour
399:Manukau Harbour
252:
175:Nova Zeelandia,
171:Hendrik Brouwer
149:Dutch explorer
128:(the waters of
98:
52:Nova Zeelandia,
17:
12:
11:
5:
3058:
3048:
3047:
3042:
3028:
3027:
3021:
3006:
3005:External links
3003:
3002:
3001:
2995:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2971:
2965:
2952:
2946:
2930:
2924:
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2899:
2898:
2870:
2858:
2835:
2815:
2789:
2777:
2755:
2735:
2709:
2683:
2658:
2637:
2612:
2601:
2595:Te Manu Korihi
2571:
2556:
2535:
2513:
2490:
2468:
2442:
2419:
2393:
2370:
2359:
2336:
2313:
2290:
2272:
2261:on 6 June 2012
2243:
2232:on 9 June 2012
2217:
2194:
2168:
2142:
2116:
2091:
2066:
2039:
2020:
1994:
1968:
1942:
1919:
1887:
1848:
1833:
1810:
1795:
1775:
1754:
1728:
1704:
1674:
1644:
1625:
1602:
1576:
1550:
1523:Tasman, Abel.
1515:
1500:
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1475:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1421:
1418:
1347:. The town of
1286:Nova Zealandia
1236:
1233:
1148:
1145:
866:Stewart Island
814:Tasman Glacier
762:Bay of Islands
714:
713:European names
711:
693:and the word
665:Māori-language
607:Prime Minister
588:
585:
413:he ate there (
367:
366:
363:
357:
356:
353:
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276:
273:
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266:
263:
251:
248:
219:Letters Patent
187:Nova Zeelandia
179:Dutch province
167:Jacob Le Maire
159:States General
97:
94:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3057:
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2953:
2949:
2947:0-521-54228-6
2943:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2912:King, Michael
2909:
2908:
2887:
2886:
2881:
2874:
2867:
2862:
2846:
2839:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2819:
2812:
2800:
2793:
2787:, p. 81.
2786:
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2317:
2301:
2294:
2286:
2282:
2276:
2260:
2256:
2250:
2248:
2231:
2227:
2221:
2205:
2202:Doug Graham.
2198:
2183:
2179:
2172:
2157:
2153:
2146:
2131:
2127:
2120:
2104:
2098:
2096:
2076:
2070:
2063:
2050:
2043:
2035:
2031:
2024:
2008:
2007:teara.govt.nz
2004:
1998:
1982:
1975:
1973:
1957:
1953:
1946:
1930:
1923:
1904:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1834:0-7900-0040-7
1830:
1826:
1825:
1817:
1815:
1806:
1799:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1779:
1771:
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1765:
1758:
1742:
1738:
1732:
1724:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1708:
1692:
1688:
1681:
1679:
1662:. p. iii
1661:
1657:
1656:
1648:
1640:
1636:
1629:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1587:
1580:
1565:
1561:
1554:
1538:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1519:
1513:, p. 72.
1512:
1507:
1505:
1498:, p. 41.
1497:
1492:
1485:
1480:
1476:
1462:
1456:
1452:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1417:
1415:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1398:as "Cardie",
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1384:Stokes Valley
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1332:
1330:
1325:
1324:Peter Jackson
1317:
1313:
1309:
1307:
1303:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1276:
1272:
1271:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1246:Mount Dampier
1243:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
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1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1073:sheep stealer
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
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1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
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987:
983:
979:
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971:
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951:
947:
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939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
886:Port Chalmers
883:
879:
873:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
842:
837:
836:
831:
827:
823:
819:
818:Tasman region
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
782:Cape Farewell
779:
775:
771:
770:Bay of Plenty
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
750:Murderers Bay
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
719:
710:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
683:
678:
674:
670:
666:
661:
659:
655:
651:
648:
644:
640:
639:Te Ika-a-Māui
636:
630:
628:
624:
620:
615:
611:
608:
605:. The future
604:
600:
594:
584:
577:
573:
569:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
518:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
485:. The use of
484:
480:
476:
472:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
429:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
395:Kahumatamomoe
392:
388:
384:
379:
377:
376:
364:
362:
359:
358:
354:
352:
349:
348:
344:
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314:
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295:Sea or ocean
294:
292:
289:
288:
284:
282:
279:
278:
274:
272:
269:
268:
265:Path or road
264:
262:
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247:
243:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
220:
215:
213:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
191:Nieuw Zeeland
189:later became
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
147:
145:
144:
139:
135:
131:
127:
126:
125:Te Waipounamu
121:
117:
114:(the fish of
113:
112:
111:Te Ika-a-Māui
102:
93:
91:
90:
84:
80:
76:
72:
67:
65:
61:
57:
56:Nieuw Zeeland
53:
49:
48:
43:
38:
34:
30:
21:
2986:
2956:
2937:
2915:
2904:Bibliography
2889:. Retrieved
2883:
2873:
2861:
2849:. Retrieved
2838:
2827:
2818:
2810:
2803:. Retrieved
2792:
2780:
2771:
2764:Barber, Lynn
2758:
2747:
2738:
2726:. Retrieved
2722:the original
2712:
2700:. Retrieved
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2851:23 February
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2587:21 November
2528:27 February
2506:27 February
2435:23 February
2412:22 February
2386:22 February
2352:22 February
2329:22 February
2265:27 February
2210:27 February
2187:24 February
2161:16 November
2135:16 November
2055:12 December
1987:27 February
1961:27 February
1935:27 February
1618:16 February
1408:Paekākāriki
1404:Waimakariri
1400:Paraparaumu
1173:Glenfalloch
1117:Whitecliffs
1045:Helensville
1026:Dùn Éideann
1002:George Grey
982:Franz Josef
950:Marlborough
914:Fox Glacier
898:Featherston
878:Hutt Valley
858:Pegasus Bay
822:Cook Strait
806:French Pass
778:Poverty Bay
707:glottalised
610:Joseph Ward
250:Māori names
228:New Munster
212:New Zeland.
155:Staten Land
151:Abel Tasman
71:Māori names
42:New Zealand
3034:Categories
1747:24 January
1666:10 October
1569:24 January
1471:References
1302:Wellington
1221:Khandallah
1209:Dannevirke
1189:Canterbury
1181:Avon River
1169:Wedderburn
1161:Lammerlaws
1133:Inchbonnie
1109:Island Bay
1081:Māori king
1049:Dargaville
974:Queenstown
966:Palmerston
942:Wellington
892:), ships (
835:Coromandel
826:Mount Cook
727:Mount Grey
723:Grey River
591:See also:
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224:New Ulster
203:James Cook
199:anglicised
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64:anglicised
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1880:7 January
1697:7 January
1592:17 August
1496:King 2003
1376:Ashburton
1368:Las Vegas
1357:Wellywood
1282:Zealandia
1213:Norsewood
1177:Riccarton
1157:Southland
1105:Woodville
1061:Masterton
1022:Edinburgh
1014:Grey Lynn
1010:Greymouth
978:Alexandra
902:Rolleston
890:Ashburton
882:Wakefield
739:Grey Lynn
735:Greymouth
703:dialectal
687:Whanganui
677:Whataitai
647:Ngāi Tahu
614:amendment
612:moved an
554:Kareponia
534:Jerusalem
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449:Whakatāne
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285:Mountain
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169:in 1616.
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1420:See also
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1353:Hobbiton
1349:Matamata
1316:Matamata
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1179:and the
1113:Riverton
1036:and the
1006:Greytown
986:Auckland
980:, while
970:Cromwell
958:Blenheim
938:Havelock
934:Hastings
926:Auckland
918:Gisborne
731:Greytown
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1129:Spanish
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870:Pegasus
846:Pegasus
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1447:Notes
1331:films
1290:Māori
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