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services. Public safety communications experts recognized that the nation's current 911 system was not capable of handling the text, data, images and video that are increasingly common in personal communications. The stated goal of a related USDOT project is: "To enable the general public to make a 911 “call” (any real-time communication – voice, text, or video) from any wired, wireless, or IP-based device, and allow the emergency services community to take advantage of advanced call delivery and other functions through new internetworking technologies based on open standards." The project is aimed at supporting establishment of a national architecture for an NG911 system that would meet these goals, and to create a transition plan for NG911.
161:(TTYs or TDDs) or interpreting services to contact 911. Many deaf people use text messaging and instant messages to communicate with others, but unfortunately, today's 911 is not equipped to accept these media. This under-serviced demographic accounts for approximately 10% of the general population in Canada and the US (20% of those over 65 and 40% of those over 75). In the NG911 environment, hearing and speech impaired individuals will be able to place such a call by sending a text message from their cell phone. They will be able to carry on a text conversation with 911 center personnel, and even send pictures or video when necessary. In 2013, the
1110:
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69:(CRTC) in Canada have been leading their respective initiatives, which include research and development projects aimed at advancing NG911. On January 24, 2013, the CRTC announced the first step toward a Canadian implementation of NG911 and, in March 2016, began a consultation with the public to discuss what services should be offered, who will play a role in offering these services and how these services should be paid for. Several US states have implemented versions of NG911, as of October 2013.
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crashes. The confusion can delay response times for the necessary equipment and services, which can, in turn, cost lives and delay return to normal traffic flow. In the NG911 environment, everyone in the vicinity with an
Internet-connected device can be automatically notified to avoid the area. Highway message signs, and the
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wireless device must accompany the message. The person's wireless carrier will receive the message first, then forward the message to the appropriate NG911 system, which routes to the appropriate PSAP along with the location information. Since several different protocols may be used by the wireless device (
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data, the service provider must be able to similarly route this data, along with location data toward the PSAP serving the area where the collision occurred. For the PSAP to be able to send out automatic notifications to all wireless devices currently operating in the area of an emergency, a similar
375:
There will also be significant operational impacts on the PSAP "call takers", dispatchers (those who dispatch emergency vehicles and personnel), and on their managers. Workloads are expected to increase, and significant new training will be required for those responsible for responding to these new
353:
Since some of the emergency communications data will have to be forwarded to field units such as police and fire vehicles, changes will be required to the software running on the terminals that receive the data, and on those that transmit the data. If the existing wireless communications system is
301:
and person reporting the emergency, a number of changes need to be made to the existing infrastructure. For example, if a user is sending a text message, perhaps with video attached, the data needs to be routed to the PSAP that serves the area where the person is currently, and the location of the
340:
IP infrastructure interface will be needed at the PSAP for it to be able to send and receive all this data. A key element of this will be equipment and software to support IP communications. Internal routing of the emergency communications to the appropriate systems (i.e., text, picture and video
168:
In the event of a major highway accident involving multiple vehicles, including a hazardous material vehicle, the local 911 center may receive many calls from different motorists. This can cause the center to be overloaded with calls, leading to initial confusion of the locations of the multiple
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systems, medical alert systems, and sensors of various types. The new infrastructure envisioned by the NG911 project will support national internetworking of 911 services, as well as transfer of emergency calls to other PSAPs—including any accompanying data. In addition, the PSAP will be able to
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NG911 requires that these new types of emergency communications (text, pictures, video) be recorded along with the voice communications that have traditionally been recorded. Most existing communications recorders are not capable of recording anything other than audio, and major changes may be
77:
Planning for NG911 started in 2000 and was published in NENA's Future Path Plan in 2001. NENA's NG911 Project began in 2003 and continues to an ultimate goal of establishing national NG911 architecture and operations standards, and implementation plans to accomplish advanced 911 systems and
89:
In 2015 the FCC initiated a nationwide task force. The FCC Task Force on
Optimal Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) Architecture (Task Force or TFOPA) has been directed to study and report findings and recommendations on structure and architecture in order to determine whether additional
81:
The "Proof of
Concept" phase of the DOT project, using the architecture designed by NENA, was completed in 2008, and a report was issued on the results of a proof of concept demonstration conducted over the course of that year. That report has served as a basic blueprint for planning and
85:
In 2000 Palm Beach County, FL (the largest county east of the
Mississippi) implemented the first ESInet in the US. AT&T connecting multiple PSAPs utilizing the SIP protocol. In 2012, the State of Washington completed the first Statewide ESInet implementation in the US.
107:(IMS, which incorporates SIP). The functional and interface standards developed by NENA describe general SIP and IMS-based architectures that allow responsible 911 Authorities flexibility in developing an infrastructure to support the envisioned features of NG911.
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Many pieces of the existing communications and data infrastructure will require modification to make NG911 a reality. The private companies and public agencies that provide these goods and services will be significantly affected. Chief among these are:
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to gather information to facilitate these services. The Act also provides for grants to public agencies, and requires the 911 Implementation
Coordination Office to develop a national plan for migrating to a national IP-enabled emergency network.
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consolidation of PSAP infrastructure and architecture improvements would promote greater efficiency of operations, safety of life, and cost containment, while retaining needed integration with local first responder dispatch and support.
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The NENA NG911 Project and the DOT's NG911 Initiative look to facilitate the involvement of all these stakeholders going forward in order to develop the architecture and migration plan necessary to make NG911 a functional reality.
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The NG911 vision relies on 911 specific application functionality on an
Emergency Services IP Network (ESInet) to deliver voice, video, text and data "calls" to the PSAP. The protocol used for delivering these "calls" will be the
82:
implementation of these capabilities. Actual implementation of these capabilities is expected to take several years, and will require changes to existing communications infrastructure, as well as changes to the way PSAPs operate.
553:
In 2009, Washington State signed a contract (contract number E09-196) with Qwest
Communications to implement a statewide Next Generation 911 ESInet. This implementation was completed with the connection of the last PSAP in April
367:
required to bring these devices into NG911 compliance. This may require a significant investment on the part of the PSAPs if the existing equipment cannot be modified to support the new requirements.
404:
technologies that transmit text as it is being typed. In Europe, real-time text is used in Reach 112 emergency service trials. Reach 112 is a
European equivalent of the accessible features of NG911.
57:, or PSAP). The initiative also envisions additional types of emergency communications and data transfer. This NG911 infrastructure is intended to replace the current services over time. The
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system, and simultaneously to the communications recording system) will require modifications to the existing PSAP network equipment and software. Some of these changes will be non-trivial.
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to improve public emergency communications services in a growing wireless mobile society. In addition to calling 911 from a phone, it intends to enable the public to transmit text (see
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165:(CRTC) in Canada, announced the first phase of the country's NG911 services, implementation of Text with 911 (T911) for the deaf, hard of hearing, and speech impaired community.
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The 911 Improvement Act of 2008 requires IP-enabled voice service providers to provide 911 service, allows state and tribal fees to pay for such services, and directs the
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66:
61:(NENA) first identified the need for NG911 in 2000, and started development actions in 2003, and is nearing full definition and standards for NG911. Since 2006, the
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system automatically sends important crash data to the 911 center, which can dispatch emergency responders even if the passengers are unable to respond.
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compliant, little or no change will be required to the transmit/receive equipment itself, since it already supports transmission of any type of data.
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In the Next
Generation 911 environment, the public will be able to make voice, text, or video emergency "calls" from any communications device via
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routing mechanism must exist in the opposite (outgoing) direction. Here again, the wireless carrier will be forwarding information.
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Federal departments, including
Transportation, Commerce, Homeland Security, Justice and the Federal Communications Commission
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features for those who cannot use a regular telephone. It is also considered as a long-term replacement for the use of
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issue emergency alerts to wireless devices in an area via voice or text message, and to highway alert systems.
143:-based networks. The PSAP of the future will also be able to receive data from personal safety devices such as
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for multimedia), translation to a common protocol may be required prior to forwarding. In the case of
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calls (by deaf or hearing impaired persons). Only minimal data is delivered with these calls, such as
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communication types. Similar impacts on both public and private emergency response providers, and on
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474:"CRTC announces enhancements to 911 services for Canadians with hearing or speech impairments"
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In today's 911 environment, the public can primarily make only emergency voice calls and
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Various features of NG911, including text messaging and video messaging, provide
636:: "Canada's Wireless Industry Commends CRTC Decision to Implement Text with 911"
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devices for the deaf, currently in use with 911. TDD/TTY devices are considered
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Major contributors and stakeholders in the standards community include:
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210:) security alerts to or from commercial motor carriers or rail carriers
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Telecommunications Industry Association standard "TIA.102" (series)
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Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials-International
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system can also display the warning. Any involved vehicle with an
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NENA Functional and Interface Standards for Next Generation 9-1-1
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Deaf and hard of hearing people in the U.S. today sometimes use
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NENA (National Emergency Number Association) NG911 Project Page
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Next Generation 9-1-1 System Preliminary Concept of Operations
53:), images, video and data to the 911 center (referred to as a
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Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials-Canada
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Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission
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Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission
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In order for a useful connection to be made between the
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463:"T9-1-1 CRTC INTERCONNECTION STEERING COMMITTEE REPORT"
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Information technology equipment and service providers
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and medical services providers are also anticipated.
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International Academies of Emergency Dispatch (IAED)
933: (North America Suicide & Crisis Lifeline)
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National organizations with active interests in 911
887: (Austria, Egypt, and Bosnia and Herzegovina)
191:Telecommunications equipment and service providers
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37:) refers to an initiative aimed at updating the
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485:"CRTC reviewing next-generation 9-1-1 services"
231:Public safety and emergency management agencies
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433:U.S. Dept. Of Transportation NG911 initiative
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220:Security alarm notification system providers
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217:with public safety communications systems
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320:Advanced Automatic Collision Notification
202:Advanced Automatic Collision Notification
175:Advanced Automatic Collision Notification
145:Advanced Automatic Collision Notification
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564:NENA i3 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS DOCUMENT
362:Communications recording system impacts
282:Telecommunications Industry Association
159:telecommunications devices for the deaf
14:
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182:Stakeholders and technologies involved
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72:
27:Telephony project in the United States
1023:
757:
349:Local wireless infrastructure impacts
293:Public network infrastructure impacts
267:National Emergency Number Association
59:National Emergency Number Association
1004:
151:
124:Today's 911 vs. Next Generation 911
65:(DOT) in the United States and the
24:
801:Harmonised service of social value
532:NG911 Proof Of Concept Test Report
224:Other major stakeholders include:
215:Intelligent transportation systems
25:
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611:: "Global burden of hearing loss"
117:Federal Communications Commission
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400:, and may be replaced by other
276:Internet Engineering Task Force
134:automatic number identification
63:US Department of Transportation
903: (Mercosur member states)
861:(Europe and others, worldwide
597:Today's 9-1-1 vs. Future 9-1-1
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514:
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41:service infrastructure in the
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1:
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716:Operational Impacts and Needs
669:NG911 stakeholder involvement
497:"NENA NG911 Future Path Plan"
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316:Wireless Application Protocol
299:Public Safety Answering Point
55:public safety answering point
979:Telecommunication portal
647:NG911 Examples and Scenarios
312:Multimedia Messaging Service
228:State and local 911 agencies
7:
1134:Emergency telephone numbers
941:(Bangladesh, UK and others)
873:(parts of Asia and Jamaica)
785:Emergency telephone numbers
685:September 16, 2008, at the
586:911 Improvement Act of 2008
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327:PSAP infrastructure impacts
234:Emergency services industry
101:Session Initiation Protocol
10:
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343:Computer-assisted dispatch
332:Local PSAP network impacts
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609:World Health Organization
521:NG911 Initiative Overview
450:Mission Critical Magazine
452:: "Greater Expectations"
1144:Emergency communication
895: (Colombia, Egypt)
680:NG911 Operational Needs
111:Statutory authorization
105:IP Multimedia Subsystem
371:Human resource impacts
1115:Telephones portal
967:Telephones portal
917:(Iraq, North America
737:"Next Generation 911"
310:text messaging, MMS (
243:IT research community
18:Next Generation 9-1-1
796:Emergency telephone
731:APCO Canada Website
246:Standards community
208:hazardous materials
94:Enabling technology
73:Purpose and history
31:Next Generation 911
703:2011-11-06 at the
658:NG911 technologies
543:DOT NG911 Overview
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1009:Wikimedia Commons
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816: (Australia)
338:High availability
152:Example scenarios
141:Internet Protocol
16:(Redirected from
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505:. Retrieved
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414:Enhanced 911
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341:data to the
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923:Philippines
51:Text-to-911
1128:Categories
507:2009-03-23
420:References
390:accessible
378:Telematics
356:Project 25
198:Telematics
103:(SIP), or
1139:N11 codes
1051:N11 codes
999:Category
701:Archived
683:Archived
408:See also
206:Hazmat (
130:Teletype
741:911.gov
394:TDD/TTY
278:(IETF)
269:(NENA)
263:(APCO)
257:(APCO)
47:Canada
554:2012.
314:) or
284:(TIA)
171:5-1-1
35:NG911
946:1122
843:Iran
308:XMPP
45:and
1097:911
1092:811
1087:711
1082:611
1077:511
1072:411
1067:311
1062:211
939:999
931:988
915:911
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878:120
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863:GSM
859:112
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839:110
832:108
826:106
820:102
814:000
306:or
304:SMS
39:911
1130::
921:,
739:.
439:^
336:A
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1029:v
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841:(
777:e
770:t
763:v
743:.
510:.
20:)
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