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of God, and accept the commands of the NT and the example of Christ as our rule for living. The NT forbids the
Christian from retaliation and revenge but instead charges us to pray, bless, and do good to those who would harm us. We suffer the spoiling of our possessions for Christ's sake joyfully. We preach the Good News of the Gospel, which is a message of peace—reconciliation is possible between God and man. Jesus came not to resist and judge evil humanity, nor to set up an earthly government, but to willingly and peacefully lay down His life for His enemies. As followers of Christ, we are to follow His example so that our life becomes a living sermon, pointing to the life and works of Jesus. This is the purpose of non-resistance. Therefore, it is not a way of life to be foisted on those who are not the disciples of Jesus, because it is for the Church, a heavenly institution, established by God's redeeming grace. Nor do we expect it of the state, which is a worldly institution, functioning under God's conserving grace. The country is presently ordained by the sovereign God to carry the sword to keep order and execute the wrath of God, but nowhere in the NT are the Disciples of Jesus given a part in this service. We are called to walk as Jesus walked and to go into the nations, making disciples, teaching them his commands, and trusting in God for our protection. The state and the Church are two separate institutions, differing in their purpose, character, and destiny.
785:," etymologically, is he who makes himself a witness to his faith. And it is the ultimate testimony to one's faith to be ready to put it to practice even when one's very life is threatened. But the life to be sacrificed is not the enemy's life, but the martyr's own life – killing others is not a testimony of love, but of anger, fear, or hatred. For Tolstoy, therefore, a true martyr to Jesus' message would neither punish nor resist (or at least not use violence to resist), but would strive to act from love, however hard, whatever the likelihood of being crucified. He would patiently learn to forgive and turn the other cheek, even at the risk of death. Such would be the only way to eventually win the hearts and minds of the other camp and open up the possibilities for reconciliation in the "
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movement was based on a belief in resistance that was active but at the same time nonviolent, and he did not believe in using non-resistance (or even nonviolent resistance) in circumstances where a failure to oppose an adversary effectively amounted to cowardice. "I do believe," he wrote, "that where
735:
The word "nonresistance" is taken from
Matthew 5:39, "do not resist him who is evil." It is strictly a New Testament (NT) doctrine, intended for the followers of Jesus, with a specific purpose during this NT church age. When we submitted ourselves to Jesus as Lord, we became citizens of the Kingdom
760:
One soldier taunted an Indian by pretending to offer him his hatchet with the words, "Strike me dead!" When the man answered, "I strike no one dead!" the soldier swung at the Indian and "chopped his arm away." All the while, the Indian kept singing "until another blow split his
650:; and if anyone wants to sue you and take your coat, give your cloak as well; and if anyone forces you to go one mile, go also the second mile. Give to everyone who begs from you, and do not refuse anyone who wants to borrow from you.
37:) is "the practice or principle of not resisting authority, even when it is unjustly exercised". At its core is discouragement of, even opposition to, physical resistance to an enemy. It is considered as a form of principled
69:. While it is true that in particular instances (e.g., when threatened with arrest) practitioners in such movements might follow the line of non-resistance, such movements are more accurately described as cases of
45:
which rejects all physical violence, whether exercised on individual, group, state or international levels. Practitioners of nonresistance may refuse to retaliate against an opponent or offer any form of
820:
include rejection of the following civil practices (cf. 1 Corinthians 6:1–8): sue at law, lobby the government, hold government office, use the force of the law to maintain their "rights" .
646:
You have heard that it was said, 'An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.' But I say to you, Do not resist an evildoer. But if anyone strikes you on the right cheek,
618:
1194:"Turning the Other Cheek to Terrorism: Reflections on the Contemporary Significance of Leo Tolstoy's Exegesis of the Sermon on the Mount"
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715:, have interpreted this passage to mean that people should do nothing to physically resist an enemy. According to this belief, only
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of the 16th century, became defined by its adherence to the doctrine of nonresistance, which they teach is found in the
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saving his pursuer, an act of mercy that led to his recapture, after which he was burned at the stake near
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R. K. Prabhu & U. R. Rao, editors; from section "Between
Cowardice and Violence," of the book
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Burial site of the
Moravian Christian Indian Martyrs, who were murdered by U.S. militiamen in the
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748:, members of the U.S. Militia murdered pacifist Moravian Christian Lenape at their settlement in
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Author James R. Graham wrote, "The
Christian is not a pacifist, he is a non-participationist."
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were notable advocates of nonresistance. However, there were variations between them. Gandhi's
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Sometimes non-resistance has been seen as compatible with, even part of, movements advocating
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The path shown by Jesus is a difficult one that can only be trod by true martyrs. A "
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The
Doctrine of Nonresistance in Anabaptist Theology - Pilgrim Mennonite Conference
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752:(meaning "Houses of Grace" in the German language) and they became recognized as
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there is only a choice between cowardice and violence, I would advise violence."
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Christian Non-Resistance in all its important bearings, illustrated and defended
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A main application of this theology for nonresistant
Christians is to practice
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50:. Nonresistance is often associated with particular religious groups, such as
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used the principle of nonresistance protest in Indian independence movement.
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The Courts and the
Colonies: The Litigation of Hutterite Church Disputes
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has the right to execute punishments. Nonresistant
Christians note that
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Tolstoy's Legacy for Mankind: A Manifesto for Nonviolence, Part 2
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Tolstoy's Legacy for Mankind: A Manifesto for Nonviolence, Part 1
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Peoples of the River Valleys: The Odyssey of the Delaware Indians
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traditionally has taught the principle of nonresistance. In the
1106:"Biblical Nonresistance: The Call of Christ to the Law of Love"
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Conquest of Violence: The Gandhian Philosophy of Conflict
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Harrington, F.C.; Kerr, Florence; Watson, Carl (1946).
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Pentecostal and Holiness Statements on War and Peace
1016:(1846). Providence; Blackstones Ed., 2003, 190 pp.
765:To illustrate how nonresistance works in practice,
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107:in Matthew 5:39: "do not resist him who is evil."
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695:) denominations, Holiness Pacifists such as the
61:. An often-cited example is the movement led by
1028:Non-Resistance in relation to human governments
1084:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. pp. 98–99.
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133:Nonresistance played a prominent role in the
1192:Christoyannopoulos, Alexandre (April 2008).
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723:love of Jesus resulted in his submission to
137:movement in the 19th-century United States.
1059:, Ahemadabad, India, Revised Edition, 1967.
634:nonresistance is based on a reading of the
1301:, a Mennonite historian and church leader.
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1021:Christian non-resistance in extreme cases
1309:Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia
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1080:Beaman, Jay; Pipkin, Brian K. (2013).
987:, Simon and Schuster, 2018. Chapter 8.
985:Frederick Douglass: Prophet of Freedom
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998:The Kingdom of God is within you.
701:Church of God (Guthrie, Oklahoma)
118:during the religious troubles in
1230:Esau, Alvin J. (February 2005).
1169:University of Pennsylvania Press
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697:Emmanuel Association of Churches
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114:was later used to refer to the
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305:Separation of church and state
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808:, nonresistant practices of
767:Alexandre Christoyannopoulos
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1057:The Mind of Mohandas Gandhi
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300:Priesthood of all believers
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840:Christian Peacemaker Teams
489:Mennonite World Conference
280:Nonconformity to the world
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1234:. UBC Press. p. 39.
912:Oxford English Dictionary
800:with respect to military
1314:Tolstoy on nonresistance
917:Oxford University Press
818:Conservative Mennonites
806:conscientious objection
798:conscientious objection
727:rather than vengeance.
595:Christianity portal
479:Conservative Mennonites
259:Doctrines and practices
202:A 1685 illustration by
99:, which emerged in the
97:Anabaptist Christianity
52:Anabaptist Christianity
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348:Schleitheim Confession
265:Theology of Anabaptism
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1297:- written in 1927 by
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860:Nonviolent resistance
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746:Gnadenhutten massacre
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504:Old Colony Mennonites
172:Gnadenhutten massacre
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128:Protestant Succession
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71:nonviolent resistance
27:Nonviolent philosophy
880:Turn the other cheek
810:Old Order Mennonites
681:Schwarzenau Brethren
665:Anabaptist Christian
524:Schwarzenau Brethren
509:Old Order Mennonites
464:Apostolic Christians
353:Dordrecht Confession
65:in the struggle for
1219:1 Corinthians 6:1–8
1044:Gandhi before India
915:(Online ed.).
830:Christian anarchism
771:Christian anarchist
729:Anabaptist theology
703:, as well as other
689:Apostolic Christian
648:turn the other also
636:Sermon on the Mount
295:Freedom of religion
247:Sermon on the Mount
242:Radical Reformation
220:in the present-day
101:Radical Reformation
67:Indian Independence
1270:Bondurant, Joan V.
1042:Ramachandra Guha,
835:Christian pacifism
519:Russian Mennonites
499:Mennonite Brethren
469:Brethren in Christ
401:Balthasar Hubmaier
270:Believer's baptism
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162:Christian theology
116:Established Church
94:
1307:- article in the
1259:NonResistance.org
1241:978-0-7748-1117-0
1178:978-0-8122-0379-0
1149:978-1-62376-034-2
930:(Subscription or
870:Passive obedience
850:John Howard Yoder
804:. In addition to
754:Christian martyrs
693:Charity Christian
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567:Inspirationalists
536:Related movements
124:English Civil War
16:(Redirected from
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1119:. pp. 5–9
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1046:, Penguin 2013
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773:response to
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411:Jakob Hutter
310:Foot washing
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721:sacrificial
638:, in which
320:Plain dress
222:Netherlands
145:Adin Ballou
141:Leo Tolstoy
39:nonviolence
1333:Categories
1253:References
934:required.)
494:Mennonites
484:Hutterites
421:Felix Manz
386:Hans Denck
375:Key people
231:Background
204:Jan Luyken
190:Anabaptism
154:Satyagraha
891:Footnotes
885:Tolstoyan
775:terrorism
731:teaches:
707:like the
677:Hutterite
669:Mennonite
632:Christian
562:Moravians
474:Bruderhof
342:Documents
315:Holy kiss
290:Free will
275:Lovefeast
110:The term
1272:(1988).
1023:. 1860.
824:See also
653:—
547:Baptists
406:Hans Hut
325:Shunning
182:a series
180:Part of
43:pacifism
922:8 April
709:Quakers
656:Matthew
572:Quakers
552:Pietism
358:Ausbund
218:Asperen
120:England
81:History
1284:
1238:
1175:
1146:
1123:20 May
1088:
1033:, etc.
1003:, etc.
1000:1893.
969:20 May
816:, and
783:martyr
761:head."
642:says:
147:, and
1197:(PDF)
1109:(PDF)
928:
814:Amish
673:Amish
640:Jesus
459:Amish
212:, of
105:Bible
1282:ISBN
1236:ISBN
1173:ISBN
1144:ISBN
1125:2021
1086:ISBN
971:2022
924:2011
740:The
699:and
691:and
126:and
33:(or
717:God
73:or
41:or
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1030:.
951:^
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184:on
143:,
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