1615:
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it is defined as legal, recognized and acknowledged as such by a sovereign authority. Within its borders, a sovereign state does as it pleases. Most, if not all, modern states have honorific orders and decorations of some kind, and those are sometimes called orders of knighthood." Exactly what makes one order legitimate and another self-styled or false is a matter of debate with some arguing that any monarch (reigning or not) or even the descendants of such can create an order while others assert that only a government with actual internationally recognized authority has such power (regardless of whether that government is republican or monarchical in nature). Historically, nobility and knights have also formed Orders of
Knighthood. The
3954:
230:
647:
27:
168:(Latin for 'order' / 'status') – is dedicated to a Christian purpose. The first orders of knights were religious orders that were founded to protect and guide pilgrims to the Holy Land. The knightly orders were characterized by an order-like community life in poverty, obedience and chastity, which was linked with charitable tasks, armed pilgrimage protection and military action against external and occasionally internal enemies of Christianity. Examples are the
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2356:), and on the left chest for the lower grades. Many orders use insignia in the form of a cross, but there may also be stars, and military awards may have crossed swords added onto the insignias. Ladies may wear the badge on a bow on the left chest. In orders following the example set by the French Legion of Honour, the two highest classes also wear a star (or
2431:
claim to be chivalric orders but are actually private membership organisations that have not been created by a state or a reigning monarch. The answer to the question of whether an order is legitimate or not varies from nation to nation, François Velde wrote an "order of knighthood is legitimate if
195:
In the course of time, many orders of knights have been dissolved due to a lack of people or the field of activity has changed. So in many areas the charitable aspect and nursing came to the fore. There were also dissolutions for political reasons, such as the
Knights Templar in 1312 or many orders
1381:
who followed a common mission but were established by monarchs or governments with the specific purpose of bestowing honours on deserving individuals. In most
European monarchies, these new orders retained some outward forms from the medieval orders of chivalry (such as rituals and structure) but
1314:
The distinction between these orders and decorations is somewhat vague, except that these honorific orders still implied membership in a group. Decorations have no such limitations and are awarded purely to recognize the merit or accomplishments of the recipient. Both orders and decorations often
187:
In addition to the religious orders of knights, courtly orders of knights emerged in many
European royal houses from the middle of the 14th century. This enabled the monarchs and princes to create a reliable household power independent of the church and to combine their court life with knightly
2694:
Louis XI founded the Order of Saint
Michael in 1469. Initially, there were thirty-six knights, but their numbers increased to such a point that the order began to lose its prestige. Louis XIV reformed the order on 12 January 1665, reducing the number of knights to one
2828:
The Most
Honourable Order of the Bath was established as a military order by Letters Patent of George I on 18 May 1725, when the Dean of Westminster was made Dean of the Order in perpetuity and King Henry VII's Chapel designated as the Chapel of the
199:
There are repeated attempts to revive or restore old orders of knights. Often, old knight orders are used today to honor personalities. For example, the
British Queen Elizabeth II regularly appointed new members to the
161:
An order of knights is a community of knights composed by order rules with the main purpose of an ideal or charitable task. The original ideal lay in monachus et miles (monk and knight), who in the order –
3927:
61:. George, then Prince of Wales, is wearing the neck badge of the Golden Fleece, the sash and grand cross grade of the Order of Charles III, the Royal Victorian Chain, and the stars of the Garter and the
212:, was reactivated by the House of Habsburg after its dissolution by Nazi Germany. Meanwhile, to this day, deserved personalities in republican France are highlighted by being awarded the Knight of the
2237:. There were two classes. The first class, the Grand Collar, was worn by the Shah, crown prince, and awarded to heads of state. The second class, the Grand Cordon, was worn by princes and princesses.
216:. In contrast, the knights of the ecclesiastical orders of knights such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta and the Order of St. John mainly devote themselves to social tasks, nursing and care.
184:. These communities only became orders in the sense of canon law through papal recognition of their own binding rules of order and through the dissolution of ecclesiastical diocesan organizations.
1003:
950:
1024:
1596:
196:
of knights as opposition by Nazi
Germany. While the Knights Templar was not re-established, some orders were reactivated after the end of World War II and the fall of the Iron Curtain.
2586:
1252:
1177:
2394:
on admittees while also no further implying the same status on previously non-noble conferees. Yet some orders may still expect noble ancestry on the part of recipients, such as the
1113:
3000:
Bossuat, A. (1944). Un ordre de chevalerie auvergnat; l'ordre de la Pomme d'or'. Bidle/in bistoriqia it stienti/iqm dt I'Aupergite, Uiv (1944), 83–98; H. Morel,'Unc associa, 523-4.
1074:
1290:
1217:
1268:
997:
1237:
1207:
1153:
1651:, merged it with the Savoyan Order of Saint Maurice, and thenceforth the title of Grand Master of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus was hereditary in that house. 1572
1167:
1604:
1352:
2485:. See the definition of the Order of the Garter as "a society, fellowship and college of knights" there. – St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle. 2005. Archived from
2285:, then descending with varying titles. Alternatively, the ranks are referred to by number (for example "1st class" instead of "Grand Cross"). Typical rankings are:
455:
2203:, founded by King Leopold II of the Congo Free State on 30 December 1888, which became a Belgian order in 1908 and has not been awarded since the independence of
588:. Most military-monastic orders (except the Teutonic Order and the Order of Saint John) became parts of this category during the 15th and 16th century (e.g. the
2991:
Thiou, E. (2002). La noble confrérie & les chevaliers de Saint-Georges au Comté de
Bourgogne sous l'Ancien régime & la révolution. Mémoire et documents.
2910:
1614:
1050:
2969:
Knights of fantasy: an overview, history, and critique of the self-styled "Orders" called "of Saint John" or "of Malta", in
Denmark and other Nordic countries
2649:
2213:, founded by King Leopold II of the Congo Free State on 9 April 1891, which became a Belgian order in 1908 and has not been awarded since the independence of
1233:
Cliental pseudo-orders are not orders of chivalry and were princes' retinues fashionably termed orders. They are without statutes or restricted memberships:
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1060:
1221:
967:
1340:
979:
1411:
2399:
1407:
1211:
411:
Over time, the above division became no longer sufficient, and heraldic science distinguished orders into: hereditary, military, religious and fees.
2547:
1406:, some republican honours have thus avoided the traditional structure found in medieval orders of chivalry and created new ones instead, e.g. the
4100:
450:
288:
1875:
1193:. These were courtly chivalric games rather than actual pledges as in the case of the fraternal orders. Three are known from their statutes:
1019:
Princely orders were founded by noblemen of higher rank. Most of these were founded in imitation of the Order of the Golden Fleece, after 1430:
177:
1382:
were in essence orders of merit, mainly distinguished from their republican counterparts by the fact that members were entitled to a title of
1197:
2594:
2367:
In certain countries with feudal heritage the higher ranks (usually at least the Grand Cross) may have vestments proper to them, including a
1881:
536:
Honorific chivalric orders: consist only of honorific insignia bestowed on knights on festive occasions, consisting of nothing but the badge
4083:
2148:
3600:
3552:
1566:
740:
674:
585:
2482:
2402:. Others may continue to imply conferral of nobility on any admittee, whether hereditary or personal, such as in some of the cases of
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1904:
883:
4222:
2433:
1123:
1180:, founded by 44 knights in the Barrois (1416–1422), subsequently converted into the Confraternal order of Saint Hubert (see above)
3580:
924:
889:
205:
1323:
The orders have influenced organizations which are completely separate and distinct from them. Since at least the 18th century,
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1577:
became a Republic in 1946, but continues to be awarded by the heir of the last King as the head of the house of Savoy rules in
829:
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2687:
1402:
are sometimes referred to as orders of knighthood. As a consequence of being not an order of chivalry but orders of merit or
877:
1307:
Together with the monarchical chivalric orders (see above) these honorific orders are the prime ancestors of the modern-day
655:
Late medieval monarchical orders (14th and 15th centuries) are orders of chivalry with the presidency attached to a monarch:
3542:
3517:
2390:
democratised the honour systems of orders of chivalry and merit in the sense of formally omitting both the expectations of
1064:
2757:
192:, founded there in 1430, was for many a model in the sense of a princely order based on the ideals of Christian chivalry.
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1943:
1640:
902:
344:
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973:
386:
97:
20:
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1831:
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1513:
1441:
1395:
1387:
1348:
1328:
859:
636:
322:
181:
62:
3031:
2912:
The legitimacy of Orders of St. John: a historical and legal analysis and case study of a para-religious phenomenon
2657:
2214:
2204:
1865:
1785:
1608:
1034:
209:
37:(right), during his State Visit to the United Kingdom in 1905. Alfonso is wearing the uniform of a general of the
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3503:
1835:
1094:
940:
266:
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2587:"La Santa Sede e gli Ordini Cavallereschi: doverosi chiarimenti (Prima parte) | ZENIT - Il mondo visto da Roma"
2007:
1888:
1801:
1394:, established in 1806) while in yet other orders only the top classes were considered knights (such as in the
3146:
2310:
Grand Officer, Commander 1st Class, Grand Commander, Knight Commander, Knight Companion, Commander with Star
2077:
1821:
985:
774:
623:
432:
424:
335:), otherwise a "non-national dynastic order", as the head of a formerly reigning royal house operating under
173:
4237:
3537:
3508:
1959:
1825:
1815:
1630:
1590:
1403:
1391:
1344:
1070:
991:
956:
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2003:
1922:
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1294:
1143:
912:
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310:
201:
2873:(in German). Hamburg: Verlag Kleine Reihe für Freunde der Ordens- und Ehrenzeichenkunde. pp. 19–24.
1980:, founded by King Leopold II of the Congo Free State on 24 August 1900 (became a Belgian order in 1908).
1256:
650:
Investiture of three new members of the Order of the Knot (miniature from the order's statutes, 1352/4).
3288:
3121:
2190:
2180:
2138:
2117:
1993:
1851:
1622:
1586:
1570:
1537:
918:
780:
744:
720:
189:
54:
2013:
3671:
3638:
2281:, most multi-level European orders comprise five ranks or classes. The highest is usually called the
2200:
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2067:
1711:
1038:
1044:
3590:
2707:
2445:
2411:
2164:
2053:
1916:
1445:
1419:
1336:
1300:
1139:
Fraternal orders are orders of chivalry that were formed off a vow & for a certain enterprise:
934:
929:
823:
754:
607:
557:
439:
273:– medieval pioneer of the original military orders – distinguishes orders in the following manner:
2731:
2436:
is a Baronial Order and the Ordre de la Pomme d'Or was founded by 14 knights in Auvergne in 1394.
285:, rewarding military or civil merits of citizens, legally based on the sovereignty of their states
3690:
3628:
3585:
3316:
2812:
2210:
1939:
1737:
1434:, one of the original military orders founded circa 1099, and its definite acceptance in 1103 by
1090:
496:
58:
2782:
1503:
1489:
176:
officially called The Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem, founded in 1090, the
3648:
3623:
3363:
2372:
2134:
1997:
1932:
1912:
1811:
1805:
1795:
1678:
1658:
1654:
1458:, a Catholic religious order founded as a military order in 1190 in Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem.
1435:
1100:
1028:
817:
800:
603:
2509:
3643:
3114:
2609:
2250:
2071:
1983:
1949:
1908:
1791:
1741:
1731:
1721:
1701:
1674:
1555:
1475:
871:
853:
841:
764:
714:
688:
42:
1377:
Most orders created since the late 17th century were no longer societies and fellowships of
533:
Votive chivalric orders: founded for a limited period of time only by members who take a vow
4105:
3801:
3678:
3575:
3560:
3373:
3338:
3321:
3232:
2927:
2486:
2158:
2043:
1987:
1901:
is an order of Thailand. It was established in 1861 by King Rama IV of the Kingdom of Siam.
1855:
1775:
1765:
1761:
1664:
1634:
1517:
1465:
1241:
1054:
865:
847:
835:
794:
678:
611:
370:(1521–1586) distinguished knights and their respective societies in three main categories:
50:
19:
This article is about secular orders of knighthood. For the medieval religious orders, see
8:
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3404:
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3154:
2266:
2168:
2033:
1977:
1781:
1751:
1747:
1684:
1668:
1551:
1308:
1171:
945:
770:
710:
684:
502:
367:
332:
138:
86:
46:
2915:(Thesis). Amsterdam: Hoegen Dijkhof Advocaten (van Universiteit Leiden). pp. 35–41.
243:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
3457:
3300:
3036:
The knights of the crown: the monarchical orders of knighthood in later medieval Europe
2460:
2428:
2234:
2193:, founded by Queen Victoria in 1878 and has not been awarded since the independence of
2183:, founded by Queen Victoria in 1861 and has not been awarded since the independence of
2097:
2061:
1926:
1727:
1527:
1485:
1471:
1080:
1015:
Confraternal orders are orders of chivalry with the presidency attached to a nobleman:
804:
664:
539:
145:
decoration. In fact, these decorations themselves often came to be known informally as
3953:
2625:
1084:
421:
The Knights in the Crown: The Monarchical Orders of Knighthood in Late Medieval Europe
4158:
3394:
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3091:
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3055:
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2423:
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1845:
1707:
1691:
1541:
1499:
1262:
760:
734:
730:
724:
704:
589:
570:
897:
Monarchical orders whose monarch no longer reigns but continues to bestow the order:
4185:
4180:
3855:
3468:
3201:
2407:
2387:
2274:
2226:
2037:
1967:
1834:, is an order of chivalry founded on 28 April 1818 by George, Prince Regent, later
1574:
1523:
961:
660:
213:
3101:
2017:
1390:, established in 1764), others would confer a title upon appointment (such as the
1127:
4210:
4190:
4175:
4110:
4066:
4039:
3916:
3865:
3860:
3492:
3358:
3192:
3175:
2772:
Pierredon (de) M.: L'Ordre equestre du Saint Sepulchre de Jerusalem. Paris, 1928.
2761:
2533:
See also: Johannes Fried "Das Mittelalter. Geschichte und Kultur." (2011), p 460.
2353:
2087:
2081:
1963:
1885:
1600:
1545:
1449:
1415:
1356:
1201:
517:
490:
445:
404:
382:
318:
282:
169:
141:
of members, but some of them were ultimately purely honorific and consisted of a
3015:
Observations introductory to an historical essay upon the Knighthood of the Bath
2888:. Vol. 3, History and Heritage. Aldershot, England: Ashgate. pp. 4–6.
2798:
Observations introductory to an historical essay upon the Knighthood of the Bath
2352:
in the case of the senior ranks, around the neck for the middle ranks (see also
4049:
3833:
3747:
3522:
3447:
3428:
3353:
3310:
3295:
3211:
2754:
2455:
2450:
2403:
2254:
1953:
1755:
1455:
1372:
1332:
906:
646:
375:
361:
328:
306:
278:
188:
virtues. During this time, the Burgundian court culture was leading and so the
150:
120:
3984:
3038:. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press, Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 1325–1520.
1286:
Honorific orders were honorific insignia consisting of nothing but the badge:
4254:
4195:
4153:
4078:
4034:
3877:
3838:
3479:
2361:
2174:
1771:
1461:
542:: self-proclaimed imitation-orders without statutes or restricted memberships
130:
3053:
Kaeuper, Richard W.; Kennedy, Elspeth; De Charny, Geoffroi (December 1996).
331:
of a sovereign royal dynasty, either an active "dynastic state order" (e.g.
26:
4148:
3783:
3440:
3237:
3137:
2154:
2121:
2101:
2091:
2057:
2047:
1936:
1644:
1579:
1189:
Votive orders are orders of chivalry, temporarily formed on the basis of a
38:
30:
3057:
The Book of Chivalry of Geoffroi De Charny: Text, Context, and Translation
2841:
2360:) on the chest. In special cases the senior class may wear the badge on a
614:, the time of proper orders of merit begun. The monarchical orders became
123:, began to be established in a more courtly fashion that could be created
4143:
4133:
3994:
3921:
3752:
3739:
3633:
3474:
3386:
3368:
3150:
2810:
2282:
1647:
united the Order of Saint Lazarus in perpetuity with the Crown of Savoy.
1398:, established in 1818). Orders of merit which still confer privileges of
1324:
476:
472:
109:
3096:
2956:. London: Lambeth Diploma of Student in Theology Thesis. pp. 80–90.
2171:(or Hesse-Cassel) (in present-day Germany), founded 1814, abolished 1866
1303:, a papal order (since the 14th century, flourishes in the 16th century)
951:
Royal Order of Saint George for the Defense of the Immaculate Conception
4029:
4011:
3904:
3816:
3462:
3343:
2261:
1892:
1448:, founded as the Order of St. John of Jerusalem in 1048, sanctioned by
1399:
340:
2678:
Vachaudez, Christophe; Walgrave, Jan (2008). Diana Scarisbrick (ed.).
4061:
3989:
3946:
3911:
3845:
3811:
3806:
3778:
3452:
3418:
3348:
2357:
2230:
2027:
2023:
1618:
1360:
619:
489:
Catholic chivalric orders: membership exclusively for members of the
4165:
4138:
4128:
4001:
3979:
3709:
2755:
Definition adapted from www.turkishmedals.net, accessed 2010-02-20.
2391:
2278:
1859:
1383:
524:
396:
270:
113:
101:
94:
34:
2677:
1838:, while he was acting as Prince Regent for his father, George III.
3821:
3773:
3030:
2246:
1971:
1200:(Enterprise of the green shield with the white lady), founded by
1157:
1117:
513:
400:
364:
134:
2732:"Monarchy Today: Queen and Public: Honours: Order of St Patrick"
2177:(Order of Wilhelm) of Hesse-Kassel, founded 1851, abolished 1875
2080:, granted a legislative charter by President of the Philippines
1204:
dit Boucicaut and 12 knights in 1399 for the duration of 5 years
4071:
3899:
3850:
3423:
3409:
3106:
2614:(in Italian). Vol. 1. Heredi di Marchio Sessa. p. 14.
2345:
2302:
Grand Cross, Commander Grand Cross, Grand Cordon, Grand Collar
1378:
1161:
530:
Fraternal chivalric orders: founded for a specific purpose only
125:
90:
3960:
2576:
Jürgen Sarnowsky "Die geistlichen Ritterorden" (2018), pp 221.
471:
Medieval chivalric orders: foundation of the order during the
4056:
3891:
3828:
3768:
3162:
3158:
2341:
2194:
2184:
1531:
1507:
1493:
1479:
1147:
668:
142:
3761:
3413:
2871:
Die Orden und Ehrenzeichen des Kurfürstentums Hessen-Kassel
2368:
2349:
1688:
1190:
1047:, founded in Silesia, Upper Lusatia and Boehmia before 1389
567:–1291), beginning with the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem
392:
297:
3309:
1126:, also called Confraternity of Saint-Georges of Burgundy (
208:, whose roots also go back to the so-called "last knight"
4006:
2376:
1327:
has incorporated symbols and rituals of several medieval
204:
in the 21st century. In Central Europe, for example, the
149:. These institutions in turn gave rise to the modern-day
553:
Another occurrent chronological categorisation is into:
129:. These orders would often retain the notion of being a
3216:
heads of currently or formerly sovereign royal families
3052:
2567:"What is the Legion d'Honneur?". BBC News. 24 May 2004.
2334:
Knight, Knight 2nd Class, Chevalier, Cavaliere, Member
403:, later also by feudal lords and knights elderly (e.g.
93:, typically founded during or inspired by the original
1544:
in 1319. This order considers itself successor of the
1386:. While some orders required noble birth (such as the
4233:
Knowledge:WikiProject Orders, decorations, and medals
3078:
The History of the Order of the Bath and its Insignia
2884:
Barber, Malcom; Mallia-Milanes, Victor, eds. (2008).
1573:
in 1362, ceased to be a national order of Italy when
501:
Protestant chivalric orders: blessed by the heads of
119:
Since the 15th century, orders of chivalry, often as
2883:
2257:
depicting his honours embroidered on his coat jacket
2024:
Order of the Knights of the Southern Cross Australia
1311:(see below) which are orders of merit in character.
4213:
is the accepted criterion for official distinctions
2483:"St. George's Chapel: History: Order of the Garter"
1762:
Royal and Distinguished Spanish Order of Carlos III
1341:
Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George
1108:
Baronial orders, founded by noblemen of lower rank:
980:
Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George
495:Orthodox chivalric orders: blessed by the heads of
3054:
2811:The Dean and Chapter of Westminster Abbey (2011).
1412:Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria
1214:and 16 knights in 1415 for the duration of 2 years
3024:Statutes of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath
2966:
2400:Alliance of the Orders of Saint John of Jerusalem
1408:Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
968:Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa
4252:
2954:Orders of Chivalry under the Aegis of the Church
1210:(Enterprise of the Prisoner's Iron), founded by
4101:International Commission for Orders of Chivalry
3399:
3097:International Commission for Orders of Chivalry
2846:International Commission for Orders of Chivalry
2379:. An example of such a modern-day order is the
2364:, which is an elaborate chain around the neck.
2074:of the Kingdom of Cambodia on 9 September 1948.
1359:), the latter two featuring prominently in the
1220:(Enterprise of the Dragon's Mouth), founded by
523:Confraternal chivalric orders: foundation by a
3206:and their national/public/official authorities
3102:Medieval Chivalry – World History Encyclopedia
2951:
2908:
2680:Royal jewels: from Charlemagne to the Romanovs
1878:, Order founded in 1099 and refounded in 1852.
1876:Order of Saint John (Bailiwick of Brandenburg)
812:Post-medieval foundations of chivalric orders:
512:Monarchical chivalric orders: foundation by a
481:Modern chivalric orders: foundation after 1789
464:Based on Boulton, this article distinguishes:
321:: the only extant one in this category is the
3122:
2241:
2137:, founded in 1098 at a leper hospital in the
1942:, acting on behalf of her under-age daughter
1882:Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau
1768:on 19 September 1771 (became a Spanish order)
2326:Officer, Knight 1st Class, Member 1st Class
2149:Stanislaus II Augustus Poniatowski of Poland
1929:, to celebrate the unification of Italy 1868
419:In a more generous distribution proposed in
2928:"Legal Definitions of Orders of Knighthood"
2748:
2671:
2348:. Typically these insignia are worn from a
2340:Each of these ranks wear insignia, usually
741:Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation
606:(despite its military obligations) and the
163:
3331:
3129:
3115:
2926:Velde, François Velde (25 February 2004).
2508:Velde, François Velde (25 February 2004).
2318:Commander, Commander 2nd Class, Companion
1808:on 14 March 1815 (became a Spanish order).
586:Order of Saint George (Kingdom of Hungary)
548:
33:(left) with his cousin-in-law, the future
16:Order, confraternity or society of knights
2909:Hoegen Dijkhof, Hendrik Johannes (2006).
2607:
1228:
1146:, founded by 3 princes and 11 knights in
339:(right to confer), typically approved by
4223:Category:Orders, decorations, and medals
2952:Brett-Crowther, Michael Richard (1990).
2864:
2862:
2736:Official website of the British Monarchy
2712:Official website of the British Monarchy
2682:. New York: Vendôme Press. p. 146.
2654:Official website of the British Monarchy
2434:Noble Order of Saint George of Rougemont
2273:Following the example set by the French
2260:
2245:
1778:in 1772 (Dormant between 1974 and 2023).
1613:
1198:Emprise de l'Escu vert à la Dame Blanche
1124:Noble Order of Saint George of Rougemont
645:
468:Chivalric orders by time of foundation:
427:classifies chivalric orders as follows:
305:: under the protection of the Holy See (
25:
3092:History of Orders of Chivalry: A Survey
1986:(or Muni Isvarabarna): founded by King
1956:of the United Kingdom on 21 April 1896.
1621:orders of chivalry. In the centre, the
925:Order of St. George (Habsburg-Lorraine)
4253:
3012:
2795:
2141:and is one of the lesser known orders.
1010:
830:Blood of Jesus Christ (military order)
527:, either high nobility or low nobility
3110:
3021:
2925:
2868:
2859:
2510:"Legitimacy and Orders of Knighthood"
2507:
2477:
2475:
2417:
1603:in 1370 where today is headed by the
1240:(Order of the Broom-Pod), founded by
757:in 1381: First order to accept Women.
641:
378:", i.e. dynastic orders of knighthood
4209:* = Direct or indirect reference to
3928:Prizes known as the Nobel of a field
3075:
3061:. University of Pennsylvania Press.
1802:Royal Order of Isabella the Catholic
1103:, founded by fourteen nobles in 1755
1065:Frederick II, Elector of Brandenburg
223:
4228:
2112:Vittorio Emanuele, Prince of Naples
1944:Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands
1911:Order founded on 1 January 1865 by
1641:Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus
1567:Order of the Most Holy Annunciation
1281:
1134:
1004:Royal Order of the Crown of Hawai'i
903:Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus
345:Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus
343:in the case of older origins (e.g.
325:, an international sovereign entity
13:
2472:
1748:Order of St. George the Triumphant
974:Order of Saint Michael of the Wing
630:
21:Military order (religious society)
14:
4272:
3085:
2967:Kurrild-Klitgaard, Peter (2002).
2783:"Knights of Thistle Bourbon 1370"
2396:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
2028:the Catholic Bishops of Australia
1832:Order of St Michael and St George
1788:in 1783 (Not awarded since 1936).
1649:Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy
1597:Knights of the Thistle of Bourbon
1514:Order of Saint James of the Sword
1442:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
1425:
1396:Order of St Michael and St George
1388:Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary
1349:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
860:Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary
637:Military order (monastic society)
323:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
277:State orders or orders of merit:
63:Order of St Michael and St George
51:cross of the Order of Charles III
4227:
4218:
4217:
3959:
3952:
3945:
3136:
2800:. London: J. Woodman. p. 4.
2128:
1866:Royal Norwegian Order of St Olav
1786:George III of the United Kingdom
1609:Order of Our Lady of the Thistle
1366:
1253:Order of the camail or Porcupine
1184:
1178:Alliance et Compagnie du Levrier
1063:(Order of the Swan), founded by
438:Confraternal orders (as seen in
228:
3006:
2994:
2985:
2960:
2945:
2919:
2902:
2877:
2834:
2804:
2789:
2775:
2766:
2724:
2700:
2642:
2626:"History of Orders of Chivalry"
2550:from the original on 2010-03-27
1836:George IV of the United Kingdom
1714:of Great Britain on 18 May 1725
1355:" (derived from the historical
1029:Humbert II, Dauphin du Viennois
941:Order of Saint Peter of Cetinje
423:(1987), the Canadian heraldist
2618:
2601:
2579:
2570:
2561:
2536:
2527:
2501:
2223:, founded 1904, abolished 1952
2161:, founded 1807, abolished 1918
2020:the Regent of Hungary in 1921.
2008:George V of the United Kingdom
1291:Order of the Stoat and the Ear
1218:Emprise de la gueule de dragon
618:honours during the shift from
602:–present), beginning with the
486:Chivalric orders by religion:
219:
1:
3032:D'Arcy Jonathan Dacre Boulton
2608:Sansovino, Francesco (1570).
2544:"Order of the British Empire"
2078:Order of the Knights of Rizal
1970:on 15 October 1897 (became a
1822:Order of the Netherlands Lion
1558:
1272:
1269:Order of the Scale of Castile
1244:
998:Order of the Crown of Georgia
986:Order of the Eagle of Georgia
775:Sigismund, as king of Hungary
692:
596:
574:
561:
509:Chivalric orders by purpose:
433:dynastic orders of knighthood
174:Knights of the Holy Sepulchre
105:
4238:Knowledge:WikiProject Awards
3147:Auxiliary science of history
1826:William I of the Netherlands
1816:William I of the Netherlands
1631:Order of the Tower and Sword
1591:Philip III, Duke of Burgundy
1392:Military Order of Max Joseph
1318:
1208:Emprise du Fer de Prisonnier
1156:, founded by the vicomte de
1075:Gerhard V of Jülich and Berg
957:Order of the Crown (Romania)
791:Order of the Tower and Sword
785:Philip III, Duke of Burgundy
351:
289:Pontifical equestrian orders
57:, and the badge of the four
7:
4045:Fraternities and sororities
2439:
2381:Order of the British Empire
2233:, abolished 1979 after the
2221:Order of the Norwegian Lion
2004:Order of the British Empire
1923:Order of the Crown of Italy
1899:Order of the White Elephant
1842:Order of the Southern Cross
1432:Order of the Holy Sepulchre
1295:Francis I, Duke of Brittany
1170:, founded by 14 knights in
1154:Corps et Ordre du Tiercelet
1144:Compagnie of the Black Swan
701:Order of the Sword (Cyprus)
311:Order of the Holy Sepulchre
260:
202:Order of the British Empire
156:
108:1099–1291) and paired with
45:, the sash and star of the
10:
4277:
3080:. London: Spink & Son.
2611:Della origine de cavalieri
2421:
2242:Typical insignia and ranks
2191:Order of the Indian Empire
2181:Order of the Star of India
2139:Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem
2118:New Zealand Order of Merit
1994:Order of Michael the Brave
1905:Order of the Mexican Eagle
1623:Order of the Golden Fleece
1587:Order of the Golden Fleece
1571:Amadeus VI, Count of Savoy
1538:Order of Christ (Portugal)
1370:
1315:come in multiple classes.
1238:Ordre de la Cosse de Genêt
919:Order of the Golden Fleece
884:Order of the Mexican Eagle
781:Order of the Golden Fleece
745:Amadeus VI, Count of Savoy
634:
414:
358:Dell'origine dei Cavalieri
190:Order of the Golden Fleece
18:
4204:
4119:
4020:
3970:
3943:
3890:
3794:
3738:
3727:
3707:
3599:
3551:
3536:
3502:
3491:
3439:
3269:
3262:
3225:
3191:
3184:
3169:
3144:
2201:Order of the African Star
2145:Order of Saint Stanislaus
2068:Royal Order of Sahametrei
431:Monarchical orders (i.e.
237:This section needs to be
3017:. London: James Woodman.
2466:
2446:Military order (society)
2412:House of Imperial Russia
2265:Insignia of the British
2165:Order of the Iron Helmet
2157:(Order of Louis) of the
1917:Order of the Aztec Eagle
1698:Order of the White Eagle
1605:Seigneur of Fief Blondel
1337:Red Cross of Constantine
1335:, most notably, in the "
1301:Order of the Golden Spur
1055:Albrecht II von Habsburg
1025:Order of Saint Catherine
935:Order of Prince Danilo I
930:Order of the Holy Spirit
915:(Italian House of Savoy)
824:Order of the Holy Spirit
755:John V, Duke of Brittany
608:Order of the Holy Spirit
558:Military-monastic orders
267:Secretariat of the State
53:, the neck badge of the
3076:Risk, James C. (1972).
2344:(often enamelled) on a
2211:Royal Order of the Lion
2124:of New Zealand in 1996.
2108:Order of Merit of Savoy
2014:Knightly Order of Vitéz
1940:Emma of the Netherlands
1738:Order of the Polar Star
1091:Society of Saint Jerome
913:Order of Merit of Savoy
549:Military orders by time
59:Spanish military orders
2869:Sauer, Werner (1950).
2708:"Order of the Thistle"
2270:
2258:
2135:Order of Saint Lazarus
1998:Ferdinand I of Romania
1933:Order of Orange-Nassau
1913:Maximilian I of Mexico
1812:Military William Order
1806:Ferdinand VII of Spain
1796:Charles XIII of Sweden
1679:Christian V of Denmark
1659:Christian V of Denmark
1655:Order of the Dannebrog
1626:
1444:, one of the original
1229:Cliental pseudo-orders
1168:Ordre de la Pomme d'Or
1101:Order of Saint Joachim
1095:Friedrich II of Wettin
1045:Order of the Rüdenband
1035:Order of Saint Anthony
890:Order of Saint Charles
818:Order of Saint Stephen
801:Order of Saint Michael
651:
604:Order of Saint Stephen
584:), beginning with the
520:; either ruling or not
456:Cliental pseudo-orders
164:
112:concepts of ideals of
66:
3013:Anstis, John (1752).
2796:Anstis, John (1725).
2650:"Order of the Garter"
2264:
2251:Lemuel Francis Abbott
2249:
2104:of Australia in 1975.
2072:King Norodom Sihanouk
2000:on 26 September 1916.
1984:Order of Monisaraphon
1950:Royal Victorian Order
1844:, founded by Emperor
1828:on 29 September 1815.
1792:Order of Charles XIII
1742:Frederick I of Sweden
1732:Frederick I of Sweden
1722:Frederick I of Sweden
1718:Order of the Seraphim
1702:Augustus II of Poland
1675:Order of the Elephant
1669:James VII of Scotland
1617:
1556:Edward III of England
1476:St. Raymond of Fitero
1114:Order of Saint Hubert
1081:Order of the Crescent
1071:Order of Saint Hubert
1039:Albrecht I of Bavaria
992:Order of Queen Tamara
872:Order of Saint Joseph
854:Order of the Seraphim
842:Order of the Elephant
765:Charles III of Naples
715:Edward III of England
689:Alfonso XI of Castile
675:Order of Saint George
649:
153:of sovereign states.
43:Royal Victorian Chain
31:Alfonso XIII of Spain
29:
4106:Magical organization
3566:Intellectual freedom
3374:Master of ceremonies
3022:Burke, John (1725).
2971:. Turku: Digipaino.
2489:on 15 September 2006
2159:Grand Duchy of Hesse
2044:Order of Civil Merit
1988:Sisowath of Cambodia
1776:Gustav III of Sweden
1766:Charles III of Spain
1665:Order of the Thistle
1635:Afonso V of Portugal
1518:Afonso I of Portugal
1504:Ferdinand II of León
1490:Ferdinand II of León
1466:Afonso I of Portugal
1452:on 15 February 1113.
1347:" (derived from the
1339:" (derived from the
1309:orders of knighthood
1242:Charles VI of France
1051:Society of the Eagle
866:Order of St. Patrick
848:Order of Saint Louis
836:Order of the Thistle
795:Afonso V of Portugal
679:Charles I of Hungary
612:Order of Saint Louis
210:Emperor Maximilian I
4171:Order of precedence
2886:The Military Orders
2813:"Order of the Bath"
2267:Order of the Garter
2255:Admiral Lord Nelson
2120:, founded by Queen
2100:, founded by Queen
2090:, founded by Queen
2034:Order of Skanderbeg
1990:on 1 February 1905.
1978:Order of Leopold II
1848:on 1 December 1822.
1782:Order of St Patrick
1752:Catherine the Great
1685:Order of St. Andrew
1607:and also includeds
1552:Order of the Garter
1353:Order of the Temple
1224:in 1446 for 1 year.
1061:Society of Our Lady
1011:Confraternal orders
946:Order of Skanderbeg
771:Order of the Dragon
751:Order of the Ermine
711:Order of the Garter
707:in 1347 (allegedly)
503:Protestant churches
368:Francesco Sansovino
333:Order of the Garter
296:: conferred by the
206:Order of St. George
75:order of knighthood
4261:Orders of chivalry
4084:Hereditary society
3301:Royal family order
2760:2012-05-05 at the
2461:Self-styled orders
2429:Some organisations
2418:Self-styled orders
2271:
2259:
2235:Iranian Revolution
2229:, founded 1928 by
2147:, founded by King
2098:Order of Australia
2094:of Canada in 1967.
2062:Maharaja of Jaipur
2046:, founded by King
2006:, founded by King
1996:, founded by King
1960:Order of the Crown
1927:Victor Emmanuel II
1872:on 21 August 1847.
1868:, founded by King
1854:, founded by King
1824:, founded by King
1814:, founded by King
1804:, founded by King
1728:Order of the Sword
1700:, founded by King
1677:, founded by King
1667:, founded by King
1657:, founded by King
1627:
1528:James II of Aragon
1486:Order of Alcantara
1472:Order of Calatrava
1222:Jean comte de Foix
878:Order of Guadalupe
805:Louis XI of France
767:on 1 December 1381
665:James II of Aragon
652:
642:Monarchical orders
595:Honorific orders (
571:Monarchical orders
540:Self-styled orders
385:", i.e. religious
294:collazioni diretti
67:
4248:
4247:
4214:
4159:Campaign streamer
3941:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3886:
3885:
3721:
3703:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3657:
3656:
3487:
3486:
3382:
3381:
3325:
3279:Order of chivalry
3258:
3257:
3251:
3248:Self-styled order
2817:Westminster Abbey
2689:978-0-86565-193-7
2630:www.heraldica.org
2424:Self-styled order
2406:conferred by the
2398:and those of the
2338:
2337:
2050:of Spain in 1926.
1935:, founded by the
1870:Oscar I of Norway
1846:Pedro I of Brazil
1818:on 30 April 1815.
1708:Order of the Bath
1694:of Russia in 1698
1542:Denis of Portugal
1500:Order of Santiago
1263:Order of the Dove
1160:and 17 barons in
921:(Austrian branch)
761:Order of the Ship
735:Louis I of Naples
731:Order of the Knot
725:John II of France
721:Order of the Star
705:Peter I of Cyprus
685:Order of the Band
590:Order of Santiago
497:Orthodox churches
258:
257:
178:Order of St. John
71:order of chivalry
4268:
4231:
4230:
4221:
4220:
4208:
4186:Awareness ribbon
4181:Devotional medal
4094:Gentlemen's club
3963:
3956:
3949:
3736:
3735:
3725:
3724:
3713:
3667:Religion-related
3549:
3548:
3500:
3499:
3329:
3328:
3314:
3307:
3306:
3267:
3266:
3245:
3193:Founts of honour
3189:
3188:
3182:
3181:
3131:
3124:
3117:
3108:
3107:
3081:
3072:
3060:
3049:
3027:
3018:
3001:
2998:
2992:
2989:
2983:
2982:
2964:
2958:
2957:
2949:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2938:
2923:
2917:
2916:
2906:
2900:
2899:
2881:
2875:
2874:
2866:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2853:
2838:
2832:
2831:
2825:
2823:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2793:
2787:
2786:
2779:
2773:
2770:
2764:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2704:
2698:
2697:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2656:. Archived from
2646:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2622:
2616:
2615:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2593:. Archived from
2583:
2577:
2574:
2568:
2565:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2540:
2534:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2520:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2479:
2408:House of Bavaria
2388:Legion of Honour
2354:neck decorations
2288:
2287:
2275:Legion of Honour
2227:Order of Pahlavi
2084:on 14 June 1951.
2054:Order of the Sun
2038:Zog I of Albania
1968:Congo Free State
1946:on 4 April 1892.
1909:Mexican Imperial
1862:on 11 July 1832.
1852:Order of Leopold
1563:
1560:
1524:Order of Montesa
1282:Honorific orders
1277:
1274:
1249:
1246:
1135:Fraternal orders
962:Order of Carol I
697:
694:
661:Order of Montesa
601:
598:
583:
579:
576:
566:
563:
460:Honorific orders
446:Fraternal orders
381:"Knights of the
319:Sovereign orders
253:
250:
244:
232:
231:
224:
214:Legion of Honour
167:
107:
83:equestrian order
4276:
4275:
4271:
4270:
4269:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4251:
4250:
4249:
4244:
4211:fount of honour
4200:
4191:Code of conduct
4176:Honorary degree
4121:
4115:
4111:Religious order
4067:Learned society
4040:Fraternal order
4022:
4016:
3972:
3966:
3965:
3964:
3958:
3957:
3951:
3950:
3933:
3882:
3790:
3729:
3717:
3712:
3695:
3653:
3595:
3581:Humanitarianism
3540:
3532:
3528:Law enforcement
3518:List of highest
3506:
3494:
3483:
3435:
3378:
3320:
3313:
3305:
3254:
3221:
3173:
3165:
3140:
3135:
3088:
3069:
3046:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2995:
2990:
2986:
2979:
2965:
2961:
2950:
2946:
2936:
2934:
2924:
2920:
2907:
2903:
2896:
2882:
2878:
2867:
2860:
2851:
2849:
2840:
2839:
2835:
2821:
2819:
2809:
2805:
2794:
2790:
2781:
2780:
2776:
2771:
2767:
2762:Wayback Machine
2753:
2749:
2740:
2738:
2730:
2729:
2725:
2716:
2714:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2690:
2676:
2672:
2663:
2661:
2648:
2647:
2643:
2634:
2632:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2606:
2602:
2585:
2584:
2580:
2575:
2571:
2566:
2562:
2553:
2551:
2542:
2541:
2537:
2532:
2528:
2518:
2516:
2506:
2502:
2492:
2490:
2481:
2480:
2473:
2469:
2442:
2426:
2420:
2404:dynastic orders
2253:'s portrait of
2244:
2131:
2088:Order of Canada
2082:Elpidio Quirino
2010:on 4 June 1917.
1974:order in 1908).
1964:King Leopold II
1886:King-Grand Duke
1692:Peter the Great
1601:Duke of Bourbon
1561:
1546:Knights Templar
1450:Pope Paschal II
1446:military orders
1428:
1416:Legion of Merit
1375:
1369:
1357:Knights Templar
1331:in a number of
1329:military orders
1321:
1284:
1275:
1265:, Castile, 1390
1257:Louis d'Orléans
1247:
1231:
1212:Jean de Bourbon
1202:Jean Le Maingre
1187:
1137:
1013:
695:
644:
639:
633:
631:Medieval orders
599:
581:
577:
564:
551:
518:fount of honour
491:Catholic Church
440:military orders
417:
405:Knight Bachelor
387:military orders
354:
337:ius collationis
329:Dynastic orders
283:sovereign state
263:
254:
248:
245:
242:
233:
229:
222:
170:Knights Templar
159:
151:orders of merit
121:dynastic orders
98:military orders
79:chivalric order
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4274:
4264:
4263:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4240:
4225:
4215:
4205:
4202:
4201:
4199:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4162:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4125:
4123:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4075:
4074:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4053:
4052:
4050:Secret society
4047:
4042:
4037:
4026:
4024:
4018:
4017:
4015:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3998:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3976:
3974:
3968:
3967:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3932:
3931:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3908:
3907:
3896:
3894:
3888:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3881:
3880:
3875:
3874:
3873:
3868:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3842:
3841:
3836:
3826:
3825:
3824:
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3296:Order of merit
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3289:Colonial order
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3284:Military order
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3259:
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3086:External links
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1643:In 1572, Pope
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1594:
1584:
1564:
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1535:
1521:
1511:
1497:
1483:
1469:
1459:
1456:Teutonic Order
1453:
1439:
1436:King Baldwin I
1427:
1426:Current orders
1424:
1373:Order of merit
1368:
1365:
1345:Order of Malta
1333:Masonic bodies
1320:
1317:
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425:D'Arcy Boulton
416:
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389:
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326:
316:
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307:Teutonic Order
300:
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262:
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236:
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227:
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182:Order of Malta
158:
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15:
9:
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4196:Code of honor
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3756:/Grand Cordon
3754:
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2660:on 2009-06-14
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2175:Wilhelmsorden
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2129:Former orders
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2059:
2056:, founded by
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2052:
2049:
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2042:
2039:
2036:, founded by
2035:
2032:
2029:
2026:, founded by
2025:
2022:
2019:
2018:Miklós Horthy
2016:, founded by
2015:
2012:
2009:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1962:, founded by
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:, founded by
1951:
1948:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1925:, founded by
1924:
1921:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
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1890:
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1774:, founded by
1773:
1772:Order of Vasa
1770:
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1764:, founded by
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1760:
1757:
1753:
1750:, founded by
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1740:, founded by
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1730:, founded by
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1723:
1720:, founded by
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1712:King George I
1710:, founded by
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1706:
1703:
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1670:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1656:
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1633:, founded by
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1599:, founded by
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1569:, founded by
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1565:
1557:
1554:, founded by
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1540:, founded by
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1533:
1529:
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1501:
1498:
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1462:Order of Aviz
1460:
1457:
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1433:
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1429:
1423:
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1420:United States
1417:
1413:
1409:
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1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1374:
1367:Modern orders
1364:
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1354:
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1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1316:
1312:
1310:
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1293:, founded by
1292:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1270:
1267:
1264:
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1255:, created by
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1251:
1243:
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1234:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1209:
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1199:
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1195:
1194:
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1185:Votive orders
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1163:
1159:
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1149:
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1142:
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1128:Franche-Comté
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1119:
1115:
1112:
1111:
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1093:, founded by
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1079:
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1062:
1059:
1056:
1053:, founded by
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1037:, founded by
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:, founded by
1026:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
963:
960:
958:
955:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:of Montenegro
936:
933:
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928:
926:
923:
920:
917:
914:
911:
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837:
834:
831:
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811:
810:
806:
803:, founded by
802:
799:
796:
793:, founded by
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783:, founded by
782:
779:
776:
773:, founded by
772:
769:
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763:, founded by
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749:
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743:, founded by
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729:
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723:, founded by
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719:
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713:, founded by
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55:Golden Fleece
52:
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36:
35:King George V
32:
28:
22:
4149:Service flag
3926:
3784:Medal ribbon
3755:
3730:
3716:Named after
3609:Architecture
3571:Human rights
3467:
3389:
3339:Grand master
3322:Post-nominal
3278:
3171:Distinctions
3170:
3138:Phaleristics
3077:
3056:
3035:
3023:
3014:
3007:Bibliography
2996:
2987:
2968:
2962:
2953:
2947:
2935:. Retrieved
2931:
2921:
2911:
2904:
2885:
2879:
2870:
2850:. Retrieved
2848:(in Italian)
2845:
2836:
2827:
2820:. Retrieved
2816:
2806:
2797:
2791:
2777:
2768:
2750:
2739:. Retrieved
2735:
2726:
2715:. Retrieved
2711:
2702:
2693:
2679:
2673:
2662:. Retrieved
2658:the original
2653:
2644:
2633:. Retrieved
2629:
2620:
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2603:
2595:the original
2590:
2581:
2572:
2563:
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2538:
2529:
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2513:
2503:
2491:. Retrieved
2487:the original
2427:
2385:
2366:
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2272:
2169:Hesse-Kassel
2155:Ludwigsorden
2122:Elizabeth II
2102:Elizabeth II
2092:Elizabeth II
2058:Man Singh II
2048:Alfonso XIII
1937:Queen regent
1645:Gregory XIII
1580:fons honorum
1578:
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4144:Vexillology
4134:Numismatics
3995:Passage fee
3971:Ceremonies
3753:Grand Cross
3728:For wearing
3475:Grand Lodge
3405:Hospitaller
3387:Grand Cross
3332:By function
3185:By conferee
3159:decorations
3151:numismatics
2937:18 November
2842:"REGISTERS"
2822:11 December
2519:18 November
2386:The French
2283:Grand Cross
1889:William III
1575:the Kingdom
1562: 1348
1526:founded by
1516:founded by
1488:founded by
1474:founded by
1464:founded by
1404:decorations
1325:Freemasonry
1276: 1430
1248: 1388
1164:(1377–1385)
1031:around 1335
696: 1330
663:founded by
610:. With the
600: 1580
582: 1470
578: 1330
565: 1100
477:Renaissance
473:Middle Ages
341:Papal bulls
220:Terminology
139:association
4072:Fellowship
4030:Fraternity
4012:Collar day
3973:and events
3817:Collar pin
3639:Philosophy
3629:Literature
3463:Commandery
3344:Chancellor
3242:Commercial
2978:9512922657
2852:2022-09-22
2741:2012-11-18
2717:2012-11-18
2664:2012-11-18
2635:2023-04-14
2554:2021-03-11
2493:6 November
1893:Luxembourg
1534:) in 1317.
1510:) in 1170.
1496:) in 1167.
1482:) in 1164.
1400:knighthood
1371:See also:
976:(Portugal)
970:(Portugal)
671:) in 1317.
635:See also:
624:absolutism
580: – c.
4062:Syndicate
3990:Feoffment
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3846:Epaulette
3812:Lapel pin
3807:Award pin
3779:Medal bar
3591:Volunteer
3469:Obedience
3453:Bailiwick
3419:Postulant
3395:Commander
3349:Treasurer
3212:Dynasties
3034:(2000) .
2932:Heraldica
2514:Heraldica
2231:Reza Shah
1856:Leopold I
1734:in 1748 .
1414:, or the
1361:York Rite
1319:Influence
1006:(Hawai'i)
1000:(Georgia)
994:(Georgia)
988:(Georgia)
964:(Romania)
953:(Bavaria)
905:(Italian
620:feudalism
516:who is a
401:sovereign
352:Sansovino
137:or other
4255:Category
4166:Nobility
4139:Heraldry
4129:Chivalry
4122:concepts
4120:Related
4021:Related
4002:Festival
3980:Accolade
3866:Campaign
3834:Heraldic
3710:insignia
3684:Scouting
3586:Politics
3538:Civilian
3504:Military
3495:by field
3369:Chaplain
3354:Assessor
2758:Archived
2548:Archived
2440:See also
2392:nobility
2279:Napoleon
2114:in 1988.
2064:in 1947.
2040:in 1925.
2030:in 1919.
1919:in 1933.
1895:in 1858.
1860:Belgians
1798:in 1811.
1758:in 1769.
1744:in 1748.
1724:in 1748.
1520:in 1172.
1502:founded
1384:nobility
1343:), the "
1172:Auvergne
777:in 1408.
747:in 1362.
737:in 1352.
616:de facto
525:nobleman
397:knighted
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271:Holy See
261:Holy See
180:and the
157:Overview
114:chivalry
110:medieval
102:Crusades
95:Catholic
3917:Rosette
3871:Service
3839:Pilgrim
3822:Tie pin
3802:Rosette
3774:Necklet
3662:Science
3649:Theatre
3624:History
3601:Culture
3553:Society
3493:Others,
3458:Chapter
3448:Charter
3400:Officer
3359:Bailiff
3263:By type
3226:Private
2695:hundred
2410:or the
2217:in 1960
2207:in 1960
2197:in 1947
2187:in 1947
2151:in 1765
1972:Belgian
1966:of the
1858:of the
1754:of the
1704:in 1705
1681:in 1693
1671:in 1687
1661:in 1671
1637:in 1459
1619:Spanish
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1468:in 1146
1418:of the
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727:in 1351
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681:in 1325
514:monarch
475:or the
415:Boulton
399:by the
365:scholar
362:Italian
269:of the
239:updated
135:society
100:of the
91:knights
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3892:Prizes
3861:Button
3851:Ribbon
3748:Collar
3740:Formal
3718:people
3691:Beauty
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3644:Poetry
3424:Squire
3410:Knight
3317:Styles
3311:Titles
3271:Orders
3202:States
3163:medals
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3155:orders
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2060:, the
1625:, 1820
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1150:(1350)
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880:(1821)
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856:(1748)
850:(1694)
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838:(1687)
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126:ad hoc
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47:Garter
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3795:Other
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3760:with
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3364:Prior
3176:Lists
2467:Notes
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2205:Congo
2195:India
2185:India
1532:Spain
1508:Spain
1494:Spain
1480:Spain
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669:Spain
383:Cross
281:of a
279:order
143:medal
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3543:List
3509:List
3429:Page
3414:Dame
3149:and
3063:ISBN
3040:ISBN
2973:ISBN
2939:2012
2890:ISBN
2824:2012
2684:ISBN
2521:2012
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