620:, displayed a defeatist attitude and consequently was relieved of command. General Ruge persuaded the government to fight the German invaders. He was convinced that fighting would be vital to the country and the nation's self-respect, but pragmatic enough to realize that a need for Allied help was crucial to succeed. Ruge had a hard task on his hands: he received command over an only partly mobilised army. Norway had already lost all major cities to the Germans, moreover the Germans had established
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Partially in contrast to what Terje Holm as well as Torkel
Hovland claim, military historian Tom Kristiansen emphasizes that even though Otto Ruge participated in the downsizing of the Norwegian Army during the early 1930s, he also warned against the renewed threat after 1935 and pointed to the
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claims that
General Ruge to a large degree was responsible for the ease with which German forces were able to occupy Norway. This was partly due to his appeasement with the Labor party and their razing of the Norwegian Army during the 1930s and partly due to his failure to mount a more active,
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while waiting for the Allies to reconquer that city. However, the Allies launched their pincers toward
Trondheim too late, and too far away from their destination. As a result of this several of the pincer forces became entangled in combat before the attack against the city could be launched.
679:'s more active fighting style around Narvik with Ruge's more defensive style further south. Fleischer, because of northern Norway's geographical distance from Germany, is seen as enjoying the advantage of more time to train and mobilise his forces, and being less disturbed by the
624:. The loss of one of the few infantry regiments available, the Norwegian third infantry regiment (its commander surrendering without a shot being fired, falsely believing that he was surrounded), made the situation even worse.
675:, perceived Hovland's criticism of Ruge as comments on present-day Norwegian defence policies than related to Otto Ruge's actual strategies. Skogrand has also criticized Hovland for comparing General
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claims that the
Norwegian Mobilization Army had the necessary arms, but that the Army never became mobilized because of misunderstandings and the surprise of the German attack, and that the
592:. At only 20 years old, he was a military officer. He attended the Norwegian Military College (1905) and took the General Staff exam (1915). Colonel Otto Ruge became chief of the
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nature of the randomly mobilized
Norwegian units drastically hampered their operations as well as their ability to counterattack. Kjetil Skogrand, former State Secretary at the
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and briefly reinstated as
Commander-in-Chief, but fell out with his political superiors. His memoirs from the 1940 campaign was published in Norway under the title
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Hobson, Rolf ; Tom
Kristiansen (2001) Norsk forsvarshistorie - Bind 1: 1905-1940 - Total krig, nøytralitet og politisk splittelse (Bergen : Eide Forlag)
897:"Uchwała Prezydium Krajowej Rady Narodowej z dnia 16 lipca 1946 r. o odznaczeniach generałów i oficerów Wojsk Norweskich za zasługi w walkach o Narvik w 1941 r."
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and awarded the Collar of the same order for his service to the nation during World War II. He was also given the residence of the commandant quarters of
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of the remaining
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in 1933. In 1938 he resigned from the position and was appointed as inspector general of infantry.
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Ruge's main strategy was to slowly retreat northward and to establish a defence line south of
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However, other military historians have contested these views; including Terje Holm and
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Annen
Verdenskrig i tekst og billeder: Krigens Dagbok (Volumes I, II & III)
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Ruge was evacuated after the fall of southern Norway and participated in the
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Also when it came. Otto Ruge, general staff and defense policy before 1940
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and assumed command after the former commander-in-chief, Generalmajor
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Felttoget: General Otto Ruges erindringer fra kampene april-juni 1940
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Ruge's choices have later been criticised. Retired Major
General
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588:(Oslo) in a family with strong military traditions. He attended
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714:. General Otto Ruge was appointed a Knight Grand Cross of the
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Flyvning og stormaktspolitikk, i Internasjonal Politikk
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49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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687:weakness of the Norwegian mobilization system.
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109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1071:People educated at Oslo Cathedral School
855:(Tom Kristiansen. Store norske leksikon)
553:(9 January 1882 – 15 August 1961) was a
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652:determined defense in central Norway.
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1051:Recipients of the Order of the Sword
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272:Grand cross with collar
1046:Order of the Dannebrog
869:(Kolofon Forlag. 2008)
841:(Generals from Norway)
777:Knight's Cross of the
661:Norwegian Labour Party
636:Evaluation of strategy
382:Liberation of Finnmark
853:Otto Ruge – utdypning
677:Carl Gustav Fleischer
608:Ruge was promoted to
590:Oslo Cathedral School
428:Carl Gustav Fleischer
337:Elverum Authorization
212:Years of service
663:. Terje Holm at the
539:Sonderabteilung Lola
438:Jens Christian Hauge
377:Heavy water sabotage
327:Operation Weserübung
43:improve this article
1003:Elias Corneliussen
839:Ruge Otto, General
760:Order of the Sword
754:Order of Dannebrog
562:Commander-in-chief
413:Johan Nygaardsvold
332:Norwegian campaign
247:Norwegian Campaign
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1000:Succeeded by
986:Crown Prince Olav
975:Succeeded by
955:Military offices
932:978-82-300-0429-6
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478:Henry Rinnan
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423:C. J. Hambro
418:Halvdan Koht
313:World War II
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242:World War II
238:Battles/wars
167:(1961-08-15)
138:Generalmajor
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41:Please help
36:verification
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1041:1961 deaths
1036:1882 births
977:post vacant
800:(1946–1948)
723: [
708:Lt. General
645: [
560:. Ruge was
58:"Otto Ruge"
1015:Categories
924:Aldri mer?
905:2021-06-26
867:Aldri mer?
811:References
586:Kristiania
519:Nortraship
403:Haakon VII
347:Resistance
342:Occupation
320:Key events
259:incomplete
182:Allegiance
152:Kristiania
99:April 2014
69:newspapers
825:Otto Ruge
756:- Denmark
696:surrender
681:Luftwaffe
629:Trondheim
604:In 1940,
555:Norwegian
551:Otto Ruge
453:Jonas Lie
433:Otto Ruge
215:1902–1948
125:Otto Ruge
962:new post
781:- Poland
768:- France
762:- Sweden
750:- Norway
228:Commands
200:Service/
735:Østfold
606:Colonel
564:of the
558:general
362:Telavåg
223:General
83:scholar
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806:(1938)
794:(1989)
669:ad hoc
574:Norway
568:after
529:Hirden
499:Milorg
396:People
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255:Awards
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509:Linge
352:Camps
90:JSTOR
76:books
928:ISBN
311:and
220:Rank
172:Oslo
162:Died
146:Born
62:news
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