923:
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344:
107:
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29:
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144:. The Pacific Plate subsequently grew to where it underlies most of the Pacific Ocean basin. This reduced the Farallon Plate to a few remnants along the west coast of the Americas and the Phoenix Plate to a small remnant near the
390:
zones on the ocean's perimeters, but the various ages of the seafloor in a stairstep fashion, youngest to oldest, the oldest being consumed into the Asian oceanic trenches. The oldest part disappearing by way of the
426:, due to the development of a kink in one of the plate boundaries. The "Pacific Triangle", the oldest part of the Pacific Plate, created during the initial stages of plate formation, is located just east of the
922:
378:
The
Pacific Plate has the distinction of showing one of the largest areal sections of the oldest members of seabed geology being entrenched into eastern Asian
614:
308:, which is to the east of this boundary, is the plate's largest block of continental crust. Hillis and MĂĽller are reported to consider the
422:, around 190 million years ago. The plate formed because the triple junction had converted to an unstable form surrounded on all sides by
459:
1617:
845:
1637:
430:. The growth of the Pacific Plate reduced the Farallon Plate to a few remnants along the west coast of the Americas (such as the
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between the two plates, and further south the Indo-Australian Plate subducts under the
Pacific Plate forming the
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484:
931:
862:
132:
The plate first came into existence as a microplate 190 million years ago, at the triple junction between the
39:
1019:
838:
545:
1375:
702:
Lonsdale, Peter (2005-08-01). "Creation of the Cocos and Nazca plates by fission of the
Farallon plate".
235:
85:
1192:
246:
1232:
73:
818:
610:
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129:. At 103 million km (40 million sq mi), it is the largest tectonic plate.
1423:
1561:
1465:
1127:
1087:
1518:
1480:
1475:
1458:
1212:
737:
Eagles, Graeme (2003). "Tectonic evolution of the
Antarctic–Phoenix plate system since 15 Ma".
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In the south-west, the
Pacific Plate has a complex but generally convergent boundary with the
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514:
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281:
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to be moving in unison with the
Pacific Plate, but Bird considers them to be unconnected.
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220:
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794:
769:; Torsvik, T.; Shephard, G.; Talsma, A.; Gurnis, M.; Maus, S.; Chandler, M. (2012).
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1032:
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of the
Pacific Ocean seabed shows not only the geologic sequences, and associated
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637:"On the enigmatic birth of the Pacific Plate within the Panthalassa Ocean"
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Wolfgang Frisch; Martin
Meschede; Ronald C. Blakey (2 November 2010).
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1355:
305:
106:
823:
771:"Global continental and ocean basin reconstructions since 200Ma"
635:
Boschman, Lydian M.; Hinsbergen, Douwe J. J. van (2016-07-01).
28:
438:, and destroyed the Izanagi Plate by subduction under Asia.
148:, and destroyed the Izanagi Plate by subduction under Asia.
761:
519:. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 11–12.
516:
Plate
Tectonics: Continental Drift and Mountain Building
456:"Here are the Sizes of Tectonic or Lithospheric Plates"
284:, subducting under it north of New Zealand forming the
338:
434:) and the Phoenix Plate to a small remnant near the
110:
Pacific Plate and other principal plates of Earth's
539:
634:
1599:
49:103,300,000 km (39,900,000 sq mi)
571:"An updated digital model of plate boundaries"
542:Evolution and Dynamics of the Australian Plate
16:Oceanic tectonic plate under the Pacific Ocean
839:
1556:
846:
832:
27:
678:
660:
594:
355:destabilized about 190 million years ago.
347:The Pacific Plate began forming when the
195:. In the middle of the eastern side is a
701:
342:
273:, and has a collision boundary with the
105:
151:The Pacific Plate contains an interior
1600:
736:
827:
540:Hillis, R. R.; MĂĽller, R. D. (2003).
508:
506:
481:"SFT and the Earth's Tectonic Plates"
359:The Pacific Plate is almost entirely
65:56–102 mm (2.2–4.0 in)/year
1580:
575:Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
568:
406:of the three main oceanic plates of
402:The Pacific Plate originated at the
853:
740:Earth and Planetary Science Letters
241:The western side is bounded by the
13:
503:
339:Paleo-geology of the Pacific Plate
14:
1659:
812:
730:
1618:Natural history of North America
1579:
1568:
1567:
1555:
1543:
921:
765:; MĂĽller, R. D.; Zahirovic, S.;
399:(145 to 137 million years ago).
1638:Geology of the Russian Far East
795:10.1016/j.earscirev.2012.03.002
755:
617:from the original on 2016-08-06
462:from the original on 2016-06-05
1471:South American–Antarctic Ridge
695:
628:
603:
562:
533:
485:Los Alamos National Laboratory
473:
448:
211:. The south-eastern side is a
1:
546:Geological Society of America
441:
162:
1613:Geology of the Pacific Ocean
167:The north-eastern side is a
7:
724:10.1016/j.tecto.2005.05.011
86:Solomon Islands archipelago
10:
1664:
1628:Natural history of Oceania
1424:Galápagos Spreading Center
207:, and a boundary with the
1623:Natural history of Hawaii
1537:
1489:
1374:
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183:forming respectively the
96:
74:Baja California Peninsula
69:
61:
53:
45:
35:
26:
21:
1633:Natural history of Japan
611:"Age of the Ocean Floor"
257:by subducting under the
1466:Pacific-Antarctic Ridge
363:, but it contains some
315:The northern side is a
304:. The southern part of
236:Pacific–Antarctic Ridge
226:The southern side is a
1648:Geology of New Zealand
1519:Pacific-Farallon Ridge
1491:Ancient oceanic ridges
1481:Southwest Indian Ridge
1476:Southeast Indian Ridge
1213:Philippine Mobile Belt
819:Age of the Ocean Floor
662:10.1126/sciadv.1600022
356:
327:and the corresponding
247:Kuril–Kamchatka Trench
125:that lies beneath the
114:
1643:Geology of California
775:Earth-Science Reviews
544:. Boulder, Colorado:
346:
319:subducting under the
282:Indo-Australian Plate
109:
1394:Central Indian Ridge
596:10.1029/2001GC000252
569:Bird, Peter (2003).
321:North American Plate
275:North Bismarck Plate
259:Philippine Sea Plate
253:. The plate forms a
201:North American Plate
1509:Kula-Farallon Ridge
787:2012ESRv..113..212S
716:2005Tectp.404..237L
653:2016SciA....2E0022B
587:2003GGG.....4.1027B
491:on 17 February 2013
317:convergent boundary
255:convergent boundary
78:Southern California
1550:Geology portal
1524:Pacific-Kula Ridge
1514:Mid-Labrador Ridge
1439:Mid-Atlantic Ridge
1434:Juan de Fuca Ridge
432:Juan de Fuca Plate
357:
298:transform boundary
267:transform boundary
228:divergent boundary
213:divergent boundary
197:transform boundary
189:Juan de Fuca Ridge
177:Juan de Fuca Plate
169:divergent boundary
115:
1595:
1594:
1409:East Pacific Rise
526:978-3-540-76504-2
365:continental crust
351:at the center of
310:Bird's Head Plate
221:East Pacific Rise
205:San Andreas Fault
104:
103:
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1571:
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1449:Kolbeinsey Ridge
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710:(3–4): 237–264.
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487:. Archived from
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424:transform faults
380:oceanic trenches
367:in New Zealand,
329:Aleutian Islands
157:Hawaiian Islands
97:Relative to the
90:Southeast Alaska
82:Hawaiian Islands
46:Approximate area
31:
19:
18:
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1608:Tectonic plates
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1459:Reykjanes Ridge
1444:Knipovich Ridge
1389:Carlsberg Ridge
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1193:North Galápagos
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647:(7): e1600022.
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548:. p. 363.
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404:triple junction
395:cycle is early-
393:plate tectonics
369:Baja California
349:triple junction
341:
325:Aleutian Trench
302:Puysegur Trench
290:Kermadec Trench
232:Antarctic Plate
165:
92:, Pacific Ocean
84:, New Zealand,
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428:Mariana Trench
420:Izanagi Plates
371:, and coastal
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271:Caroline Plate
263:Mariana Trench
185:Explorer Ridge
173:Explorer Plate
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142:Izanagi Plates
123:tectonic plate
121:is an oceanic
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243:Okhotsk Plate
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127:Pacific Ocean
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1419:Gakkel Ridge
1331:Intermontane
1123:Juan de Fuca
980:New Hebrides
932:Minor plates
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863:Major plates
798:. Retrieved
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619:. Retrieved
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493:. Retrieved
489:the original
475:
464:. Retrieved
450:
401:
388:Ring of Fire
384:geologic map
377:
358:
333:Aleutian Arc
323:forming the
314:
294:Alpine Fault
286:Tonga Trench
279:
251:Japan Trench
240:
234:forming the
225:
219:forming the
166:
155:forming the
150:
131:
118:
116:
1504:Alpha Ridge
1499:Aegir Ridge
1454:Mohns Ridge
1429:Gorda Ridge
1404:Cocos Ridge
1399:Chile Ridge
1243:Solomon Sea
1183:North Andes
1173:Molucca Sea
1068:Conway Reef
1053:Bird's Head
1020:Microplates
581:(3): 1027.
495:27 February
408:Panthalassa
353:Panthalassa
331:(see also:
217:Nazca Plate
209:Cocos Plate
193:Gorda Ridge
181:Gorda Plate
112:lithosphere
1602:Categories
1384:Aden Ridge
1233:Seychelles
1148:Madagascar
1033:Aegean Sea
990:Philippine
891:Australian
800:23 October
743:: 97, 98.
621:2009-02-07
466:2015-05-04
442:References
397:Cretaceous
373:California
203:along the
163:Boundaries
57:north-west
1273:Trobriand
1178:Niuafo’ou
1133:Kerguelen
1108:Halmahera
1103:Greenland
1088:Galápagos
1058:Capricorn
1048:Banda Sea
1038:Anatolian
955:Caribbean
876:Antarctic
767:Gaina, C.
763:Seton, M.
749:0012-821X
671:2375-2548
306:Zealandia
269:with the
230:with the
215:with the
199:with the
171:with the
1574:Category
1366:Kshiroda
1351:Malvinas
1321:Farallon
1316:Cimmeria
1283:Woodlark
1278:Victoria
1238:Shetland
1138:Kermadec
1078:Explorer
1028:Adriatic
960:Caroline
881:Eurasian
689:29713683
615:Archived
460:Archived
412:Farallon
296:marks a
288:and the
265:, has a
249:and the
191:and the
179:and the
153:hot spot
134:Farallon
70:Features
54:Movement
1586:Commons
1361:Phoenix
1336:Izanagi
1326:Insular
1311:Charcot
1228:Sangihe
1198:Okinawa
1168:Mariana
1153:Malpelo
1143:Lwandle
1118:Iranian
1113:Iberian
1010:Yangtze
985:Okhotsk
945:Arabian
940:Amurian
908:Pacific
871:African
783:Bibcode
712:Bibcode
680:5919776
649:Bibcode
583:Bibcode
416:Phoenix
245:at the
138:Phoenix
1301:Baltic
1223:Rovuma
1218:Rivera
1203:Panama
1093:Gonâve
1083:Futuna
1073:Easter
1000:Somali
995:Scotia
970:Indian
896:Indian
747:
687:
677:
669:
552:
523:
418:, and
410:, the
292:. The
187:, the
175:, the
140:, and
1346:Lhasa
1268:Tonga
1263:Tisza
1258:Timor
1208:Pelso
1163:Maoke
1158:Manus
1098:Gorda
1063:Coiba
1005:Sunda
975:Nazca
965:Cocos
950:Burma
62:Speed
40:Major
1562:List
1341:Kula
802:2016
745:ISSN
685:PMID
667:ISSN
550:ISBN
521:ISBN
497:2013
382:. A
117:The
36:Type
1356:Moa
791:doi
779:113
720:doi
708:404
675:PMC
657:doi
591:doi
335:).
277:.
238:.
223:.
1604::
789:.
777:.
773:.
718:.
706:.
683:.
673:.
665:.
655:.
643:.
639:.
613:.
589:.
577:.
573:.
505:^
483:.
458:.
414:,
375:.
159:.
136:,
88:,
80:,
76:,
847:e
840:t
833:v
804:.
793::
785::
751:.
726:.
722::
714::
691:.
659::
651::
645:2
624:.
599:.
593::
585::
579:4
558:.
529:.
499:.
469:.
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