943:
900:
916:
884:
48:
665:
327:
928:
837:
35:
260:
The flowers vary from pale pink to almost white and the plant flowers from August to
January. The leaves may be strongly rose-scented, although the leaf shape and scent vary. Some plants are very strongly scented and others have little or no scent. Some leaves are deeply incised and others less so,
812:
Rose geranium, known as Mâatercha or Ätarcha in
Morocco, is used as a flavorful herb to complement spearmint tea. It is often added alongside spearmint or other minty herbs to enhance the overall flavor profile of the tea, adding a floral and aromatic note to the brew.
809:. As a flavoring, the flowers and leaves are used in cakes, jams, jellies, ice creams, sorbets, salads, sugars, and teas. In addition, it is used as a flavoring agent in some pipe tobaccos, being one of the characteristic "Lakeland scents."
1780:
Gupta, Ritika; Mallavarapu, G. R.; Banerjee, S.; Kumar, Sushil (September 2001). "Characteristics of an isomenthone-rich somaclonal mutant isolated in a geraniol-rich rose-scented geranium accession of
Pelargonium graveolens".
1691:
Shellie, Robert A.; Marriott, Philip J. (2003). "Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of
Pelargonium graveolens essential oil using rapid scanning quadrupole mass spectrometry".
1719:
Narnoliya, Lokesh Kumar; Jadaun, Jyoti Singh; Singh, Sudhir P. (2019). "The
Phytochemical Composition, Biological Effects and Biotechnological Approaches to the Production of High-Value Essential Oil from Geranium".
1753:
Jain, Neetu; Aggarwal, K. K.; Syamasundar, K. V.; Srivastava, S. K.; Kumar, Sushil (January 2001). "Essential oil composition of geranium (Pelargonium sp.) from the plains of
Northern India".
2207:
257:
is an erect, multi-branched shrub, that grows up to 1.5 m and has a spread of 1 m. The leaves are deeply incised, velvety and soft to the touch (due to glandular hairs).
860:
from an
Australian source. Analyses of Indian geranium oils indicated a similar phytochemical profile, and showed that the major constituents (in terms of % composition) were
942:
494:(the species). The main difference between the species and this cultivar is the dissection of the leaf. The species' has about 5 lobes but the cultivar has about 10.
533: 'Graveolens Bontrosai' - A genetically challenged form; the leaves are smaller and curl back on themselves and the flowers often do not open fully. Known as
899:
1997:
1560:
883:
915:
2108:
2023:
1014:
1483:
2202:
2082:
729:
391:
2197:
1945:
701:
363:
2010:
1958:
1766:
1037:
1000:
991:
682:
344:
708:
370:
2061:
1737:
1053:
1030:
569: 'Graveolens' but with more lemony scented leaves and reddish pink flowers. Bred by Australian plantsman Cliff Blackman.
1308:"Trichostema dichotomum (Blue Curls, Common Blue-curls, Forked Bluecurls) | North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox"
553: 'Lady Plymouth' - A minty lemony rose-scented cultivar. A very popular variety with a definite mint scent. Possibly a
507: 'Graveolens'. It is meant to repel mosquitos and rumour has it that it was made by genetically bonding genes from the
2192:
2015:
1158:
715:
377:
575: 'Lucaeflora' - A rose-scented variety, much more similar to the species than most other cultivars and varieties.
748:
410:
1848:
1353:
697:
359:
2028:
275:
Common names include rose geranium, sweet scented geranium, old-fashioned rose geranium, and rose-scent geranium.
1984:
1381:"Distinct metabolic pathways drive monoterpenoid biosynthesis in a natural population of Pelargonium graveolens"
1257:"Ocimum basilicum 'Cinnamon' Sweet basil Common basil Cinnamon basil Care Plant Varieties & Pruning Advice"
686:
348:
2100:
1127:
United States
Department of Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resources Conservation Service (NCRS), PLANTS Database
1433:. LuEsther T. Mertz Library New York Botanical Garden. London : George W. Johnson and Robert Hogg. 1861.
996:
1574:
2182:
2172:
1937:
497:
927:
309:– the herbal name. Commercial vendors often list the source of geranium or rose geranium essential oil as
1867:
1963:
1508:
1024:
982:
47:
2187:
2095:
1444:
242:. Another name for pelargoniums is stork's-bills due to the shape of their fruit. The specific epithet
1105:
2167:
2038:
1205:
722:
384:
1230:
2087:
1256:
1138:
2177:
1898:
675:
337:
2002:
1932:
1810:
1068:
1600:
1336:
1086:
1307:
437:
263:
164:
2051:
1047:
2162:
1906:
1626:
794:
1643:
8:
593:
587:
2113:
2074:
2134:
1438:
1405:
1380:
1379:
Bergman, Matthew E; Chávez, Ángel; Ferrer, Albert; Phillips, Michael A (January 2020).
805:
applications. They are also sometimes used to supplement or adulterate more expensive
555:
443:
208:
42:
1428:
1190:
1173:
611: 'Lady Plymouth' but without the variegation of the leaves and lemony undertones.
2046:
1880:
1733:
1673:
1554:
1410:
1122:
617: 'Secret Love' - An unusual eucalyptus-scented cultivar with pale pink flowers.
2139:
1885:
1790:
1762:
1725:
1701:
1458:
1400:
1392:
1185:
849:
428:
1872:
1206:"Pelargonium graveolens Rose Geranium, Sweet scented geranium PFAF Plant Database"
1859:
1729:
822:, it is used to flavour and scent the sugar syrup in apricot preserves, known as
802:
85:
1282:
2069:
447:). There are many cultivars and they have a wide variety of scents, including
204:
72:
2156:
1833:
853:
2126:
1631:
1414:
1341:
1091:
1073:
798:
786:
212:
1535:
180:
1971:
1842:
1396:
1174:"Origin of the rose-scented Pelargonium cultivar grown on Réunion Island"
861:
770:
196:
141:
131:
1950:
1677:
543: 'Grey Lady Plymouth' - A lemony rose-scented cultivar similar to
508:
220:
121:
1976:
1767:
10.1002/1099-1026(200101/02)16:1<44::AID-FFJ943>3.0.CO;2-X
1919:
1794:
1705:
1804:
1123:"PLANTS Profile for Pelargonium graveolens (sweet scented geranium)"
664:
565: 'Lara Starshine' - A lemony rose-scented cultivar, similar to
326:
2121:
1827:
1430:
The
Journal of horticulture, cottage gardener and country gentlemen
869:
806:
766:
523: 'Dr Westerlund' - A lemony rose-scented cultivar, similar to
460:
216:
98:
1989:
1924:
1893:
1752:
836:
782:
200:
773:, and were previously classified in the same genus. The common
34:
1911:
785:
industry. It is cultivated on a large scale and its foliage is
623: 'Van Leeni' - A lemony rose-scented cultivar, similar to
464:
456:
452:
111:
952:'Mint Rose' at Ryton Organic Gardens, near Rugby, Warwickshire
1779:
1601:"Geranium (Pelargonium) | San Diego Zoo Animals & Plants"
1575:"15 of the Best Scented Geranium Varieties | Gardener's Path"
1536:"Types of Eucalyptus Trees: Leaves, Flowers, Bark (Pictures)"
865:
761:
Both the true species and the cultivated plant may be called
607: 'Mint Rose' - A minty rose-scented cultivar similar to
239:
59:
478:
hort.) - A rose-scented cultivar; possibly a hybrid between
1378:
547: 'Lady Plymouth'. The leaves are grey–green in colour.
448:
1354:"Scented Leaf Pelargoniums: All you need to know and more"
831:
1484:"Herbs in Southern Gardens | UGA Cooperative Extension"
844: 'Graveolens') essential oil in a clear glass vial
1627:
The
Healing Trail: Essential Oils of Madagascar (2003)
1718:
517: 'Cinnamon Rose' - A cinnamon-scented cultivar.
503:- A lemony, citronella-scented cultivar, similar to
1171:
921:
At Ryton Organic Gardens, near Rugby, Warwickshire.
689:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
423:
Many plants are cultivated under the species name "
351:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2208:Taxa named by Charles Louis L'Héritier de Brutelle
1153:
1151:
848:A modern analysis listed the presence of over 50
797:, commonly known as "geranium oil", are sold for
2154:
1509:"GARDENING : Geraniums Make Perfect Scents"
1172:Demarne, F.; van der Walt, J.J.A. (April 1989).
1159:"Pelargoniums: An Herb Society of America Guide"
490:. This cultivar is often incorrectly labeled as
427:" but differ from wild specimens as they are of
1690:
1148:
295:"Rose geranium" is sometimes used to refer to
1029:sfn error: no target: CITEREFDillenius1732 (
270:
1559:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
823:
817:
585:- The lemon balm pelargonium (lemon balm -
781: 'Rosat' has great importance in the
33:
1533:
1404:
1189:
1101:
1099:
1020:
749:Learn how and when to remove this message
411:Learn how and when to remove this message
1667:
1330:
1328:
1052:sfn error: no target: CITEREFBoddy2013 (
905:A bee on a flower cluster of cultivated
835:
316:
1001:United States Department of Agriculture
992:Germplasm Resources Information Network
769:, as they fall within the plant family
2155:
1670:Medicinal and Edible Plants of Morocco
1280:
1096:
1069:Zondervan Illustrated Bible Dictionary
977:
975:
973:
971:
969:
967:
246:refers to the strong-smelling leaves.
1809:
1808:
1624:Georges M. Halpern and Peter Weverka
1325:
1115:
1043:
832:Chemical constituents of geranium oil
2039:adb8961c-228d-4a50-84d1-3764adba3a41
1132:
1066:J. D. Douglas and Merrill C. Tenney
687:adding citations to reliable sources
658:
349:adding citations to reliable sources
320:
313:, regardless of its botanical name.
281:is also known by taxonomic synonyms
2203:Crops originating from South Africa
964:
13:
14:
2219:
1254:
889:The flower cluster of cultivated
467:. Cultivars and hybrids include:
431:origin (probably a cross between
2101:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376259-1
941:
926:
914:
898:
882:
816:In Cyprus, where it is known as
765:– pelargoniums are often called
663:
325:
46:
2198:Flora of the Northern Provinces
1773:
1746:
1712:
1684:
1661:
1636:
1618:
1593:
1567:
1527:
1501:
1476:
1459:"15 Recommended Rose Varieties"
1451:
1421:
1372:
1346:
1300:
1274:
1248:
1223:
1198:
1178:South African Journal of Botany
1165:
674:needs additional citations for
336:needs additional citations for
1385:Journal of Experimental Botany
1235:hortnews.extension.iastate.edu
1078:
1060:
249:
234:comes from the Greek πελαργός
1:
1783:Flavour and Fragrance Journal
1755:Flavour and Fragrance Journal
1191:10.1016/S0254-6299(16)31205-4
997:Agricultural Research Service
957:
825:glyko tou koutaliou hrisomilo
1730:10.1007/978-3-030-16546-8_12
1534:no_name12 (8 October 2020).
1337:The Herbalist in the Kitchen
1281:Varney, Bill (29 May 2012).
591:). This is a hybrid between
511:but this is highly unlikely.
290:Pelargonium terebinthinaceum
226:
7:
2193:Flora of the Cape Provinces
1358:Marin Art and Garden Center
1231:"Mosquito Repellent Plants"
824:
818:
10:
2224:
1025:De Geraniorum Differentiis
875:
537: 'Colocho' in the US.
261:being slightly lobed like
1817:
1668:Noramine, Khalil (2023).
1145:. Accessed June 23, 2007.
1139:"Pelargonium incrassatum"
1129:. Accessed June 23, 2007.
283:Geranium terebinthinaceum
271:Common names and synonyms
170:
163:
43:Scientific classification
41:
32:
25:
1261:www.shootgardening.co.uk
1106:"Pelargonium graveolens"
698:"Pelargonium graveolens"
360:"Pelargonium graveolens"
1605:animals.sandiegozoo.org
1112:Accessed June 23, 2007.
1048:Introduction p. 11
654:
627: 'Graveolens' and
474: 'Graveolens' (or
297:Pelargonium incrassatum
1849:Pelargonium graveolens
1819:Pelargonium graveolens
1722:Essential Oil Research
1443:: CS1 maint: others (
1087:Economic Botany (2016)
985:Pelargonium graveolens
845:
777: 'Graveolens' or
631: 'Dr Westerlund'.
492:Pelargonium graveolens
476:Pelargonium graveolens
425:Pelargonium graveolens
311:Pelargonium graveolens
279:Pelargonium graveolens
255:Pelargonium graveolens
191:Pelargonium graveolens
174:Pelargonium graveolens
27:Pelargonium graveolens
839:
317:Cultivars and hybrids
1724:. pp. 327–352.
1110:Plants For A Future.
683:improve this article
345:improve this article
2183:Flora of Mozambique
2173:Perfume ingredients
1312:plants.ces.ncsu.edu
1143:Plants For A Future
893: 'Graveolens'
588:Melissa officinalis
527: 'Graveolens'.
463:as well as various
1644:"Scented Geranium"
1397:10.1093/jxb/erz397
1283:"Scented Geranium"
909: 'Graveolens'
858:P. graveolens
846:
599:P. graveolens
480:P. graveolens
433:P. graveolens
304:Pelargonium roseum
209:Northern Provinces
156:P. graveolens
2188:Flora of Zimbabwe
2150:
2149:
2047:Open Tree of Life
1811:Taxon identifiers
1739:978-3-030-16545-1
1513:Los Angeles Times
1488:extension.uga.edu
1360:. 11 October 2021
936:'Graveolens' leaf
850:organic compounds
759:
758:
751:
733:
488:P. capitatum
438:P. capitatum
421:
420:
413:
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308:
301:
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264:P. capitatum
187:
186:
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2168:Medicinal plants
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1795:10.1002/ffj.1002
1777:
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1770:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1706:10.1039/b304371a
1688:
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1515:. 15 August 1992
1505:
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1103:
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1082:
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1034:
1018:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1007:
979:
945:
930:
918:
902:
886:
827:
821:
793:distillates and
754:
747:
743:
740:
734:
732:
691:
667:
659:
509:citronella grass
501: 'Citrosum'
416:
409:
405:
402:
396:
394:
353:
329:
321:
306:
299:
292:
285:
176:
51:
50:
37:
23:
22:
18:Species of plant
2223:
2222:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2138:
2133:
2125:
2120:
2112:
2107:
2099:
2094:
2086:
2081:
2073:
2068:
2060:
2058:
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2045:
2037:
2035:
2027:
2022:
2014:
2009:
2001:
1996:
1988:
1983:
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1962:
1957:
1949:
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1936:
1931:
1923:
1918:
1910:
1905:
1897:
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1884:
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1871:
1866:
1858:
1856:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1832:
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1826:
1813:
1803:
1802:
1778:
1774:
1751:
1747:
1740:
1717:
1713:
1689:
1685:
1666:
1662:
1652:
1650:
1642:
1641:
1637:
1623:
1619:
1609:
1607:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1584:
1582:
1579:Gardener's Path
1573:
1572:
1568:
1552:
1551:
1544:
1542:
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1528:
1518:
1516:
1507:
1506:
1502:
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1456:
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1436:
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1427:
1426:
1422:
1377:
1373:
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1361:
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1351:
1347:
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1326:
1316:
1314:
1306:
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1301:
1291:
1289:
1279:
1275:
1265:
1263:
1253:
1249:
1239:
1237:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1214:
1212:
1204:
1203:
1199:
1170:
1166:
1157:
1156:
1149:
1137:
1133:
1120:
1116:
1104:
1097:
1083:
1079:
1065:
1061:
1051:
1042:
1038:
1028:
1019:
1015:
1005:
1003:
981:
980:
965:
960:
953:
946:
937:
931:
922:
919:
910:
903:
894:
887:
878:
834:
803:massage therapy
789:for its scent.
755:
744:
738:
735:
692:
690:
680:
668:
657:
594:P. crispum
417:
406:
400:
397:
354:
352:
342:
330:
319:
302:or its synonym
273:
252:
229:
183:
178:
172:
159:
45:
19:
12:
11:
5:
2221:
2211:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2178:Essential oils
2175:
2170:
2165:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2144:
2140:wfo-0000466422
2131:
2118:
2105:
2092:
2079:
2066:
2056:
2043:
2033:
2020:
2007:
1994:
1981:
1968:
1955:
1942:
1929:
1916:
1903:
1890:
1877:
1864:
1854:
1839:
1823:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1801:
1800:
1789:(5): 319–324.
1772:
1745:
1738:
1711:
1700:(7): 879–883.
1683:
1672:. p. 21.
1660:
1635:
1617:
1592:
1581:. 23 June 2021
1566:
1526:
1500:
1475:
1450:
1420:
1391:(1): 258–271.
1371:
1345:
1324:
1299:
1273:
1247:
1222:
1197:
1184:(2): 184–191.
1164:
1147:
1131:
1114:
1095:
1084:S. L. Kochhar
1077:
1072:, p. 1150, at
1059:
1036:
1021:Dillenius 1732
1013:
962:
961:
959:
956:
955:
954:
947:
940:
938:
932:
925:
923:
920:
913:
911:
904:
897:
895:
888:
881:
877:
874:
833:
830:
757:
756:
671:
669:
662:
656:
653:
635:Others known:
633:
632:
618:
612:
602:
576:
570:
560:
556:P. radens
548:
538:
528:
518:
512:
495:
484:P. radens
444:P. radens
419:
418:
333:
331:
324:
318:
315:
300:(Andrews) Sims
272:
269:
251:
248:
228:
225:
205:Cape Provinces
203:native to the
185:
184:
179:
168:
167:
161:
160:
153:
151:
147:
146:
139:
135:
134:
129:
125:
124:
119:
115:
114:
109:
102:
101:
96:
89:
88:
83:
76:
75:
70:
63:
62:
57:
53:
52:
39:
38:
30:
29:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2209:
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2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
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235:
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2075:kew-2532552
1972:iNaturalist
1843:Wikispecies
1694:The Analyst
1540:Leafy Place
1334:Gary Allen
1287:URBANherbal
1121:USDA NCRS.
950:Pelargonium
934:Pelargonium
862:citronellol
842:Pelargonium
791:Pelargonium
771:Geraniaceae
250:Description
232:Pelargonium
197:Pelargonium
143:Pelargonium
132:Geraniaceae
86:Angiosperms
2157:Categories
2070:Plant List
1678:B0CJBR8YVJ
1653:14 January
1463:The Spruce
1044:Boddy 2013
958:References
840:Geranium (
709:newspapers
649:Little Gem
583:melissinum
371:newspapers
244:graveolens
221:Mozambique
122:Geraniales
1938:200012405
1439:cite book
948:An adult
807:rose oils
795:absolutes
787:distilled
767:geraniums
645:Granelous
401:July 2015
227:Etymology
150:Species:
56:Kingdom:
2127:13900169
2122:Tropicos
2114:1976-145
2003:10194017
1990:376259-1
1828:Wikidata
1555:cite web
1415:31504760
1210:pfaf.org
870:geraniol
739:May 2012
461:cinnamon
236:pelargos
217:Zimbabwe
207:and the
128:Family:
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1951:2891608
1894:Ecocrop
1834:Q164306
1406:6913739
1255:Shoot.
1006:23 June
876:Gallery
852:in the
783:perfume
723:scholar
559:hybrid.
441:and/or
385:scholar
201:species
138:Genus:
118:Order:
60:Plantae
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2083:PLANTS
2052:396481
2036:NZOR:
1977:127298
1964:317549
1912:594608
1873:114839
1857:APDB:
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1240:8 June
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2059:PFI:
2029:73200
2016:29157
1998:IRMNG
1925:PELGV
1886:75ZJD
1860:10416
1585:4 May
1545:4 May
1519:4 May
1493:4 May
1468:4 May
1317:4 May
1292:4 May
1266:4 May
866:nerol
730:JSTOR
716:books
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392:JSTOR
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2011:ITIS
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1959:GRIN
1946:GBIF
1920:EPPO
1899:8403
1868:APNI
1734:ISBN
1674:ASIN
1655:2016
1612:2022
1587:2022
1561:link
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1470:2022
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1054:help
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1008:2007
868:and
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647:and
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