33:
1498:
1450:
3842:
and names that are both unusual and not included in the list of previously accepted names must be subject to consultation of the national director of registries. The list of previously accepted names includes some of the most common names, like "Pedro" (Peter) and "Ana" (Anne). Brazilian birth registrars, on the other hand, are likely to accept names containing any (Latin) letters or diacritics and are limited only to the availability of such characters in their typesetting facility.
5917:
4742:
In educated speech, vowel reduction is used less often than in colloquial and vernacular speech though still more than the more distant dialects, and in general, mid vowels are dominant over close-mid ones and especially open-mid ones in unstressed environments when those are in free variation (that
4731:
In
Brazilian Portuguese, both nasal and unstressed vowel phonemes that only contrast when stressed tend to a mid height though may be often heard in unstressed position (especially when singing or speaking emphatically). In pre-20th-century European Portuguese, they tended to be raised to , and .
3841:
Portugal is more restrictive than Brazil in regard to given names. They must be
Portuguese or adapted to the Portuguese orthography and sound and should also be easily discerned as either a masculine or feminine name by a Portuguese speaker. There are lists of previously accepted and refused names,
1805:
and its variants. Word-final rhotics may also be silent when the last syllable is stressed, in casual and vernacular speech, especially in Brazil (pervasive nationwide, though not in educated and some colloquial registers) and in some
African and Asian countries. In European variety a word-initial
6960:
Although
American-style (“…”) or British-style (‘…’) quotation marks are sometimes used as well, especially in less formal types of writing (they are more easily produced in keyboards) or inside nested quotations, they are less common in careful writing. In Brazilian Portuguese, only American and
4755:
is almost certainly ). Mid vowels are also used as choice for stressed nasal vowels in both
Portugal and Rio de Janeiro though not in São Paulo and southern Brazil, but in Bahia, Sergipe and neighboring areas, mid nasal vowels supposedly are close-mid like those of French.
4738:
may be variously pronounced as , , , etc. Some dialects, such as those of
Northeastern and Southern Brazil, tend to do less pre-vocalic vowel reduction and in general the unstressed vowel sounds adhere to that of one of the stressed vowel pair, namely and respectively.
193:). Since only five letters are available to write the fourteen vowel sounds of Portuguese, vowels have a more complex orthography, but even then, pronunciation is somewhat predictable. Knowing the main inflectional paradigms of Portuguese can help.
1467:
7738:
1515:
1725:
comes into legal effect. In Brazil, the
Orthographic Agreement went into legal effect from 1 January 2009; in Portugal, from 13 May 2009; in Cabo Verde, from 1 October 2009. However, those letters were used before 1911 (see
2320:(almost abolished in the 1990 Orthography Reform) (à, rarely ò, formerly also è, ì, and ù). Its major use was on adverbial formations: Só->Sòmente, Última->Ùltimamente. Formerly the diaeresis was also used (ï, ü).
4779:
Vowel reduction of unstressed nasal vowels is extremely pervasive nationwide in Brazil, in vernacular, colloquial and even most educated speech registers. It is slightly more resisted but still present in
Portugal.
1516:
3044:(European Portuguese in this case used the grave accent between 1911 and 1945, then abolished). In old orthography they were also used as in English, French and Dutch to separate diphthongs (e.g.:
1466:
1801:. In European dialects word-initial or preceded by /n/, /l/, /s/ () or nasalisation can be pronounced as very intense /ʁ/, /ʀ/, or /r/ (latter — as in Galician). Elsewhere, it is pronounced as
1721:, and hybrid words derived from them. The letters K, W and Y will be included in the alphabet used in East Timor, Macau, Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, and São Tomé and Príncipe, when the
189:
Although many letters have more than one pronunciation, their phonetic value is often predictable from their position within a word; that is normally the case for the consonants (except
7730:
1514:
1468:
2880:
affix, as well as in some other cases of indication of slightly accented or yet unaccented vowels (mostly because of affixal word formation), all of the vowels can take the
4349:
For the following phonemes, the phrase "at the start of a syllable" can be understood as "at the start of a word, or between a consonant and a vowel, in that order".
7790:
2854:). According to the orthographic rules of 1990 (adopted only in Portugal, Brazil, and Cabo Verde in 2009), these forms should be spelled without the grave accent.
216:, or a prefix ending in a consonant". For letters with more than one common pronunciation, their most common phonetic values are given on the left side of the
7658:
7760:
1806:/r/ can be realised as after /s/. Word(or coda)-final European variants of /ɾ/ include , , , and . Sometimes a non-phonematic is added after a final /ɾ/.
7622:
7482:
7015:
3644:
are accented so they will not be pronounced as falling diphthongs. Exceptions are those whose stressed vowel forms a syllable with a letter other than
169:
91:
7572:
7170:
As of 2016, the reformed orthography under the 1990 agreement is obligatory in Brazil, Cape Verde, and
Portugal, but most adult people do not use it.
9234:
7064:
in one orthography, but are absent from the other. Normally, the letter is written down in the
European spelling, but not in the Brazilian spelling.
8058:
3838:
The use of diacritics in personal names is generally restricted to the combinations above, often also by the applicable Portuguese spelling rules.
186:, and pronunciation of some of the letters differs. Apart from those variations, the pronunciation of most consonants is fairly straightforward.
1722:
7998:(PDF - in Portuguese) - the present day spelling rules in Portugal, Brazil, and Cabo Verde, to be adopted by other Portuguese-speaking countries
1767:
At the start of syllables (not between vowels) in most of the dialects or at the end of syllables (in some dialects of BP), a single graphical
2236:), but since its elimination, such words have to be memorised. Pronunciation divergences mean some of these words may be spelled differently (
1727:
3798:
Accentuation rules of Portuguese are somewhat different regarding syllabification than those of Spanish (English "continuous" is Portuguese
1795:
it can be realized as /ɽ/ even in consonant clusters, such as , , , , , , , or after /j/. After /l/ can be assimiled and realized as , e.g.
32:
2644:"vain". It usually coincides with the stressed vowel unless there is an acute or circumflex accent elsewhere in the word or if the word is
1517:
6133:. Greek words are Latinized before being incorporated into the language, and many words of Latin or Greek origin have easily recognizable
1523:
Listen to the alphabet recited by a native speaker from Portugal. The alphabet is spoken in a European dialect in which 'g' is pronounced
1993:, pairs of letters which represent a single sound different from the sum of their components. Digraphs are not included in the alphabet.
1474:
Listen to the alphabet recited by a native speaker from Brazil. The alphabet is spoken in a Brazilian dialect in which 'e' is pronounced
7455:
6645:, as do other Iberian languages. When one wants to stress the sound difference in dialects in which it merged the convention is to use
8027:
4293:
4116:
1585:
1570:
5938:
7545:
França, Angela (2004). "Problemas na variante tensa da fala carioca" [Problems in the tense variant of Carioca speech].
182:
Only the most frequent sounds appear below since a listing of all cases and exceptions would become cumbersome. Portuguese is a
1459:
7816:
7992:(in Portuguese) - the present day spelling rules in all Portuguese speaking countries except Portugal, Brazil, and Cabo Verde
4899:
was official prior to the last orthographical reform and can still be found in older texts. It meant that the usually silent
7492:
5190:(), it forms a diphthong with the next vowel. As in Spanish, a hiatus may be indicated with an acute accent, distinguishing
5181:
forms a clearer diphthong with the previous vowel (but a slight yod also in the next syllable is generally present), but in
3740:
Aside from those cases, there are a few more words that take an accent, usually to disambiguate frequent homographs such as
121:
and tradition; so there is not a perfect one-to-one correspondence between sounds and letters or digraphs. Knowing the main
9144:
8051:
6404:
7714:
3123:. Words with two or more syllables, stressed on their last syllable, are not accented if they have any ending other than
17:
7995:
3386:
are unstressed. The stressed vowel of words with such endings is assumed to be the first one before the ending itself:
2028:
1902:. Mostly before final reduced vowels can be realized there also as . The same pattern of aspiration for /t/ occurs in
125:
paradigms of Portuguese and being acquainted with the orthography of other Western European languages can be helpful.
7983:
7487:
6944:
5964:
113:
can be spelled in more than one way. In ambiguous cases, the correct spelling is determined through a combination of
5946:
4788:
The pronunciation of the accented vowels is fairly stable except that they become nasal in certain conditions. See
2014:
1565:
The letters b, d, g can denote , , and in intervocalic positions, especially in northern and central Portugal. In
8327:
8044:
7936:
5062:
3851:
3068:
and so on). The other way to separate diphthongs and non-hiatic vowel combinations is to use acute (as in modern
2419:
279:
269:
151:
7919:
7902:
7768:
3036:
are nowadays practically in disuse. Until 2009 they were still used in Brazilian Portuguese in the combinations
2727:"at the". It can also be used when indicating time: "às 4 horas" = "at 4 o'clock". It does not indicate stress.
8112:
7470:
7009:
6911:"I do not want it". Each element in such compounds is treated as an individual word for accentuation purposes:
6137:
in English and other western European languages and are spelled according to similar principles. For instance,
5942:
4982:
2407:
8011:
Includes a recording with the names of the letters of the alphabet, and most phonemes, by a Brazilian speaker.
3155:. With these endings paroxytonic words must then be accented to differentiate them from oxytonic words, as in
8102:
8082:
7450:
2531:
7659:"Prà, prò, pràs, pròs (antes do AO90) e pra, pro, pras, pros (pós-AO90) - Ciberdúvidas da Língua Portuguesa"
7582:
9229:
9128:
8097:
6974:
In both varieties of the language, dashes are normally used for direct speech rather than quotation marks:
5078:
3771:
2473:
2395:
2090:
7989:
6738:
6728:
6718:
6684:
6670:
6666:
6642:
6635:
6606:
6217:
5516:
5497:
5486:
5476:
5468:
5458:
5446:
5209:
5200:
5187:
5174:
5067:
4864:
4856:
4848:
4767:
4721:
4705:
4693:
4689:
4685:
4661:
4657:
4649:
4645:
4470:
4443:
4420:
4389:
4069:
4039:
4006:
3979:
3949:
3916:
3862:
3858:
3791:
3784:
3289:
3262:
3258:
3250:
2527:
2430:
2285:
2199:
2190:
2181:
2172:
2140:
2042:
1977:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1818:
1802:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1615:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1475:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1414:
1404:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1328:
1318:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1240:
1209:
1204:
1196:
1168:
1163:
1153:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1106:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1050:
1046:
1019:
1014:
1004:
981:
976:
966:
939:
935:
931:
926:
922:
908:
884:
879:
869:
846:
841:
831:
804:
799:
789:
734:
729:
719:
696:
691:
681:
657:
651:
641:
614:
610:
605:
601:
587:
583:
556:
551:
541:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
489:
485:
471:
443:
438:
428:
401:
397:
392:
382:
356:
351:
341:
314:
310:
305:
295:
165:
161:
8937:
8276:
7885:
6827:
are indivisible. All digraphs are however broken down into their constituent letters for the purposes of
5164:
is also fairly predictable, but one must know how to distinguish true diphthongs from adjacent vowels in
5013:
4994:
4162:
3755:
2461:
2442:
220:; sounds after it occur only in a limited number of positions within a word. Sounds separated by "~" are
7479:, partly based on the orthography of Portuguese, through the work of 16th-century Catholic missionaries.
8117:
8092:
7676:
5993:) in their conjugations, even in forms that are pronounced identically to the corresponding noun, e.g.
4970:
4701:
4665:
2383:
2340:
2036:
7604:
3092:
Below are the general rules for the use of the acute accent and the circumflex in Portuguese. Primary
1652:
The letters f, j, l, m, n, r and s are sometimes named differently in the northwest region of Brazil:
9067:
8959:
8602:
8470:
8405:
7969:
4291:
4228:
4160:
4152:
4146:
4144:
4133:
4114:
3769:
3753:
2132:
2124:
2110:
2102:
2088:
2074:
2062:
2060:
2052:
2034:
2026:
2012:
1741:
to , , or seldom (as influence from Spanish or Japanese), at the end of syllables in most of Brazil.
8512:
5927:
5025:
2504:
1903:
1507:
118:
8036:
1848:
9185:
9028:
8475:
8314:
8134:
8122:
8107:
5931:
5044:
4230:
4154:
2352:
2104:
2076:
7640:
9190:
9133:
9092:
8767:
8590:
8377:
8234:
4931:"related to blood". Some words have two acceptable pronunciations, varying largely by accents.
4653:
3288:
articles, pronouns, prepositions, or contractions, which are not accented (all pronounced with
1918:
204:, "at the start of a syllable (not between vowels)" means "at the beginning of a word or after
147:
7037:. Some are due to different pronunciations, but others are merely graphic. The main ones are:
5413:
of the vowel which precedes it. At the end of words, it generally produces a nasal diphthong.
9208:
8899:
8690:
8502:
8244:
8229:
8206:
8186:
8181:
4896:
4135:
3033:
1990:
1899:
1634:
183:
87:
9200:
9100:
8757:
8672:
8562:
8480:
8462:
8349:
8024:
7465:
5165:
4697:
3633:
3148:
3093:
2558:
2126:
2054:
1788:
1717:/ˈipsilõ/) were not part of the official alphabet before 2009. Used only in foreign words,
1573:
or reduced /o/. In other intervocalic schemes can be realized also as of European variety.
129:
106:
7702:] (in Portuguese). Vol. 18. Lisbon: Publicações do Centro de Estudos Filológicos.
6907:"I would take them to you". Proclitic pronouns are not connected graphically to the verb:
1637:
as a form of vowel reduction when unstressed before or after another vowel. Words such as
8:
9162:
9157:
9077:
8987:
8972:
8866:
8717:
8677:
8455:
8427:
8400:
8395:
8372:
8354:
8319:
8304:
8271:
8211:
8199:
8171:
8166:
7497:
7476:
6884:
4141:
2865:
respectively. This accentuation is not provided by the current orthographical standards.
1611:
196:
In the following table and in the remainder of this article, the phrase "at the end of a
102:
8734:
3776:). In European Portuguese, a distinction is made in the first person plural of verbs in
2931:
part of the word before the affixation to the grave one, e.g.: in penultimate syllable:
2542:
at the beginning of words, as in "São", the hypocoristic form of the female name "Concei
9152:
8845:
8832:
8685:
8507:
8487:
8440:
8417:
8309:
8299:
8176:
8156:
8151:
8143:
8071:
7025:
The European orthography, official in Portugal, Macau, East Timor and the five African
6876:
The hyphen (-) is used to make compound words, especially plants and animal names like
6126:
4641:
4318:
3794:. As these are pronounced identically in Brazilian Portuguese, this accent is not used.
1930:
1926:
1922:
1829:
232:
7853:
6189:"male underwear", and if it represents a labialized velar plosive, it is written with
9110:
9105:
9020:
8707:
8697:
8650:
8645:
8640:
8537:
8524:
8422:
8344:
8291:
8281:
8266:
8249:
8161:
7029:
countries (Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, São Tomé and Príncipe, and Cape Verde).
6836:
4770:
also has significant variation, as shown in the respective dialect pronunciations of
4672:
before voiced consonants, and voiceless before voiceless consonants or at the end of
4669:
3855:
3600:. They require an accent when they are stressed on a syllable other than their last:
3265:(approximately as in English "roses") are not accented. Otherwise, they are accented.
2963:
2554:
2309:
2269:
1914:
1749:
200:" can be understood as "before a consonant, or at the end of a word". For the letter
67:
48:
7558:
9033:
9010:
8949:
8944:
8915:
8889:
8812:
8807:
8802:
8787:
8782:
8777:
8762:
8749:
8739:
8664:
8624:
8570:
8547:
8532:
8497:
8492:
8450:
8387:
8364:
8221:
8194:
7832:
7554:
7460:
6631:
and the speech registers of northeastern Portugal still preserve the difference as
6118:
4637:
4126:
2265:
1934:
6891:"I want it" (enclisis), or even to embed them within the verb (mesoclisis), as in
9177:
9120:
9082:
9056:
9052:
8932:
8920:
8907:
8879:
8874:
8855:
8850:
8792:
8772:
8722:
8712:
8580:
8542:
8435:
8259:
8239:
8031:
8008:
7793:[List of the first names of Portuguese citizens in the last three years]
6756:
6130:
2216:). The trema used to be employed to explicitly indicate labialized sounds before
1938:
8927:
8410:
7517:
3230:
are accented to be distinguished from third-person singulars of the same verbs,
9005:
8967:
8884:
8840:
8817:
8797:
8727:
8702:
8552:
8332:
8254:
6852:
The apostrophe (') appears as part of certain phrases, usually to indicate the
6122:
4130:
3734:
1891:
1738:
59:
7986:
of the Brazilian government, in 1971, amending the orthography adopted in 1943
6856:
of a vowel in the contraction of a preposition with the word that follows it:
5753:(the latter one only in Brazilian Portuguese). During some periods, the nasal
9223:
9000:
8977:
8822:
8595:
8575:
8014:
6783:, or other combinations of letters that may be pronounced as a single sound:
6578:
6238:
4111:
3745:
3109:
2645:
2134:
2112:
1718:
1663:
6627:
long ago, some Galician-Portuguese dialects like the Galician language, the
3830:, in both cases with the same syllable accented in Portuguese and Spanish).
3441:. If the word happens to be stressed elsewhere, it requires an accent mark:
9167:
8995:
7700:
Intensification processes in Portuguese from the 13th to the 15th centuries
6242:
5861:- is also pronounced as a nasal diphthong in a few compound words, such as
5857:, which appears in polysyllabic verbs, is always unstressed. The grapheme -
5410:
4935:
4804:
4725:
3018:
2924:
2881:
2869:
2692:
2562:
2550:
2317:
2305:
1863:
94:. Accented letters and digraphs are not counted as separate characters for
83:
71:
63:
40:
8019:
1792:
9072:
8619:
8067:
7034:
6027:
5109:
5097:
5084:
5050:
5031:
5000:
4793:
3120:
3096:
may fall on any of the three final syllables of a word. A word is called
2510:
2492:
2479:
2448:
2425:
2371:
2358:
137:
7791:"Lista dos nomes próprios de cidadãos portugueses nos últimos três anos"
6969:“This is an example of how to make a quotation in Brazilian Portuguese.”
3175:
Monosyllables are typically not accented, but those whose last vowel is
128:
A full list of sounds, diphthongs, and their main spellings is given at
7033:
The table to the right illustrates typical differences between the two
6955:“This is an example of how to make a quotation in European Portuguese.”
4792:
for further information about this regular phenomenon. In other cases,
4700:
syllables. In unstressed syllables, each element of the pair occurs in
3113:
3101:
2680:) and in the second person singular and third person forms of the verb
2661:
1895:
1581:
1566:
1547:
1486:
122:
36:
7625:[European Portuguese phonetics and phonology for a Galician].
7516:
The official spelling of the Portuguese language in Macau is fixed by
7182:
Portuguese-speaking countries except Brazil before the 1990 agreement
6965:“Isto é um exemplo de como fazer uma citação em português brasileiro.”
6687:. Alveolar affricates and , though, are more likely to be preserved (
4502:
including consonant clusters that belong to a single syllable, like ps
9044:
7026:
6943:
In European Portuguese, as in many other European languages, angular
6828:
5832:
5717:, according to modern orthography, is left unmarked in the six words
5161:
4673:
4514:
including consonant clusters that belong to a single syllable, as in
3765:
2868:
Until the spelling reforms of 1971 (Brazil) and 1973 (Portugal), the
2297:
221:
217:
114:
95:
8025:
Portuguese alphabet. Printable color and outline Portuguese letters.
7090:
before a vowel, in several words where the European orthography has
6161:"real/royal". Some general guidelines for spelling are given below:
5916:
3272:
take an acute accent except for the contractions of the preposition
8585:
8066:
7108:: also due to different pronunciation, Brazilian spelling has only
6951:«Isto é um exemplo de como fazer uma citação em português europeu.»
6832:
4168:
2695:
marks the contraction of two consecutive vowels in adjacent words (
1757:
1569:
an intervocalic /d/ can be realized as or , mostly before a final
197:
157:
133:
7574:
Ministro da Cultura quer Acordo vigorando antes de janeiro de 2010
4732:
It still is the case of most Brazilian dialects in which the word
3873:, respectively, and the following velars, rhotics, and sibilants:
8614:
7840:—The influence of foreign accents on Italian language acquisition
6853:
6717:, etc.), although not all of these hold up across some dialects (
6574:
6134:
6079:
in the whole conjugation, as are other words of the same family:
6038:
in the whole conjugation, as are other words of the same family:
5409:, the consonant is not fully pronounced but merely indicates the
5191:
4564:
only in a very small number of words derived from Latin, such as
3718:) are not. (There are a few more exceptions, not discussed here.)
3097:
2806:
from ‘with’ + definite articles). Other examples of its use are:
2590:
2301:
225:
110:
79:
7579:
Minister of Culture wants Agreement enforced before January 2010
7547:
DELTA: Documentação de Estudos em Lingüística Teórica e Aplicada
4724:
appears mostly elsewhere although they have a limited number of
4609:
only in a few words derived from Latin or Greek that begin with
3544:). Words with other endings are regarded as oxytone by default:
1666:
at the start or at the end of a word. Also part of the digraphs
9062:
8607:
5831:, with or without an accent mark on the vowel, represent nasal
5650:
is written before other consonants. In the plural, the ending -
5168:, which belong to separate syllables. For example, in the word
4812:
3285:
3105:
3009:
followed by another consonant (or word final -m in the case of
2760:(from the comparative conjunction ‘than’ and definite articles
2696:
2561:
and the quality of the accented vowel and, more precisely, its
2280:
are used only between vowels. The pronunciation of the digraph
1737:
Velarized to in EP and conservative registers of southern BP.
7964:
A questão ortográfica — Reforma e acordos da língua portuguesa
7696:
Processos de intensificação no português dos séculos XIII a XV
6117:
The majority of the Portuguese lexicon is derived from Latin,
7977:
6680:
5634:
or at the end of words (also in a few compound words such as
4797:
4763:
3522:), except in third-person plural forms of verbs derived from
2613:
2313:
75:
44:
7819:[Romance Accents: Portugal and Brazil (Portuguese)]
7763:[Requesting the attribution of a name after birth].
6619:"shampoo". While many dialects merged the pronunciations of
6241:; it appears for etymology at the start of a word, in a few
6013:(third person plural of the present subjunctive of the verb
4617:- followed by a vowel, and in compounds made from such words
3320:. Most of those words have a masculine equivalent ending in
2772:). (Although, these examples are rare and tend to be called
1917:
and other, more distantly related, North Iberian languages (
6656:
7623:"Fonética e fonologia do português europeu para um galego"
6557:
is the most common spelling for all sibilants. The letter
5981:
often have a corresponding verb whose infinitive ends in -
3845:
2857:
Some grammatists also used to denote unstressed and as
1862:
Letter t, surrounded by nasal vowels (realized always as
132:. This article addresses the less trivial details of the
7493:
Knowledge in Portuguese: Ortografia da língua portuguesa
6569:, in some words derived from Latin or Greek. The letter
4870:
There was a proposal to use the grave for separation of
3116:). Most multisyllabic words are stressed on the penult.
3112:
if stress falls on the third syllable from the end (the
2872:
was also used to denote accents in words with so-called
1941:) one common feature — merger of /b/ and /v/ into /β~b/.
1791:
for variants of this sound). However, in the dialect of
6759:
rules require a syllable break between double letters:
4867:
the grave accent makes no difference in pronunciation.
4843:"I'm going to the city"). In dialects where unstressed
4584:
only in words derived from Latin or Greek, preceded by
3733:
take an acute accent on the first vowel whenever it is
2256:
by the overwhelming majority of speakers. The digraphs
5710:(which is usually pronounced in European Portuguese).
3021:. Elsewhere, nasal vowels are indicated with a tilde (
7581:] (in Portuguese), Portugal: Sapo, archived from
3104:
if stress falls on the syllable before the last (the
7831:] (in Italian). pp. 174–181. Archived from
7817:"Accenti romanze: Portogallo e Brasile (portoghese)"
6665:"Czech Republic". In most loanwords, it merges with
4129:
phoneme of Portuguese, which may be pronounced as a
156:. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
3632:Rising diphthongs (which may also be pronounced as
3207:is accented to distinguish it from the preposition
7016:Portuguese Language Orthographic Agreement of 1990
7003:
177:
2876:after some changes. E.g., in adverbs formed with
2284:varies with dialect (see the note on the phoneme
2166:, may represent both plain or labialised sounds (
9221:
7879:
7877:
7161:
7155:
7149:
7143:
7137:
7127:
7121:
6985:
6978:
6750:
6742:
6732:
6722:
6712:
6706:
6700:
6694:
6688:
6674:
6660:
6650:
6614:
6565:and followed by one of the voiceless consonants
6194:
6184:
6156:
6150:
6144:
6138:
6100:
6090:
6080:
6075:in one of their inflections are spelled with an
6059:
6049:
6039:
6034:in one of their inflections are spelled with an
6014:
6004:
5994:
5898:
5892:
5886:
5880:
5874:
5868:
5862:
5836:
5826:
5820:
5814:
5801:
5791:
5781:
5771:
5762:
5748:
5742:
5736:
5730:
5724:
5718:
5701:
5695:
5689:
5683:
5677:
5671:
5665:
5659:
5641:
5635:
5611:
5605:
5587:
5581:
5204:
5195:
5182:
5169:
4945:
4939:
4926:
4920:
4887:
4881:
4875:
4838:
4832:
4826:
4820:
4771:
4757:
4750:
4744:
4733:
4588:and followed by one of the voiceless consonants
4571:
4565:
4515:
4309:
4282:
4272:
4262:
4252:
4246:
4240:
4095:
4088:
4081:
4074:
4060:
4054:
4047:
4030:
4024:
4014:
3997:
3991:
3984:
3970:
3964:
3957:
3940:
3934:
3924:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2225:
2211:
2194:
2185:
2176:
2167:
170:IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters
8015:The pronunciation of the Portuguese of Portugal
7980:in 1943 - the pre-2009 spelling rules in Brazil
7848:
7846:
6947:are used for general quotations in literature:
6609:in their original languages receive the letter
6179:is pronounced syllabically, it is written with
5906:
3850:Most consonants have the same values as in the
2672:is used only in the plurals of nouns ending in
1723:1990 Portuguese Language Orthographic Agreement
7022:The Brazilian orthography, official in Brazil.
6403:in non-European languages, such as Arabic and
6112:
6071:Verbs whose thematic vowel becomes a stressed
4640:in Portuguese, one in which the sibilants are
4600:only at the end of words and in rare compounds
1756:is fully pronounced by some speakers in a few
8052:
7874:
7018:, Portuguese had two orthographic standards:
3119:All words stressed on the antepenult take an
2589:are high vowels. They also distinguish a few
86:, nasalization, and other sound changes. The
7843:
4664:). In this position, the sibilants occur in
3001:typically represent oral vowels, but before
2616:marks nasal vowels before glides such as in
7810:
7808:
7643:[Accentuation. The Book of Style].
6868:. It is used almost exclusively in poetry.
5945:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
5848:
5842:
4708:appears mostly before the nasal consonants
2738:are used in other contraction forms, e.g.:
2703:and an article or a demonstrative pronoun:
2272:that do not exist in English. The digraphs
8059:
8045:
7761:"Pedir a atribuição de nome no nascimento"
7456:Differences between Spanish and Portuguese
6581:derived from them, corresponding to Latin
5835:derived from various Latin endings, often
1728:the article on spelling reform in Portugal
7042:Presence or absence of certain consonants
6613:to represent it when they are nativised:
6314:normally corresponds to Latin and Arabic
5965:Learn how and when to remove this message
5385:
5383:
3814:, and English "I continue" is Portuguese
2577:are low vowels (except in nasal vowels);
2202:), but they are always labialised before
136:of Portuguese as well as other issues of
9235:Indo-European Latin-script orthographies
7934:
7917:
7900:
7883:
7805:
7712:
7693:
7417:Non-personal and non-geographical names
6987:― Não tenho culpa disso ― retorquiu ele.
4625:
4623:
4531:
4529:
4527:
4525:
3268:Monosyllables containing only the vowel
3100:if it is stressed on its last syllable,
1974:peixe, fixar, exemplo, próximo, hexágono
1913:Northern Portuguese dialects share with
31:
7938:Cartas selectas do padre António Vieira
7921:Cartas selectas do padre António Vieira
7904:Cartas selectas do padre António Vieira
7887:Cartas selectas do padre António Vieira
7731:"Atribuição do Nome a um Recém Nascido"
7716:Cartas selectas do padre António Vieira
7540:
7538:
7536:
7188:All countries after the 1990 agreement
5563:
5561:
5559:
5549:
5547:
5537:
5535:
5533:
4636:Note that there are two main groups of
3214:Third-person plural forms of the verbs
14:
9222:
7941:(in Portuguese). Paris: J. P. Aillaud.
7924:(in Portuguese). Paris: J. P. Aillaud.
7907:(in Portuguese). Paris: J. P. Aillaud.
7890:(in Portuguese). Paris: J. P. Aillaud.
7544:
6883:It is also extensively used to append
6423:. At the beginning of words, however,
5380:
3846:Consonants with more than one spelling
8040:
7741:from the original on 17 November 2006
7719:(in Portuguese). Paris: J.P. Aillaud.
5450:
4811:and is merely grammatical, meaning a
4620:
4594:
4578:
4522:
4508:
4364:Closed syllables and end of syllable
3508:take the acute accent when stressed (
7955:Bergström, Magnus & Reis, Neves
7814:
7533:
6998:“That’s not my fault,” he shot back.
6961:British-style quote marks are used.
6683:"), just as most often merges with
5943:adding citations to reliable sources
5910:
5556:
5544:
5530:
4749:is always , even in Portugal, while
4720:, followed by a vowel, and stressed
4459:rosa, Brasil, prazo, azeite, exemplo
2923:. The main pattern is to change the
2624:, at the end of words, before final
1752:at the end of syllables (word-final
160:. For the distinction between ,
6513:(before vowels) derives from Latin
6505:and usually corresponds to Spanish
6427:is written instead of etymological
6407:. They often correspond to Spanish
4762:can thus vary as EP , RJ , SP and
3780:, between the present tense ending
2538:is written instead of etymological
1760:). See Nasalization section, below.
24:
7120:as double letters. So, Portuguese
6938:
4171:of the speaker, is either written
2927:mark, if it graphically exists in
1496:
1448:
25:
9246:
8002:
7829:Foreign Pronunciations of Italian
7627:Ciberdúvidas da Língua Portuguesa
7488:1943 Portuguese Orthographic Form
7185:Brazil before the 1990 agreement
7106:Different usage of double letters
7102:, due to different pronunciation.
6537:(like some varieties of Spanish).
6533:(like in Rioplatense Spanish) or
6391:) are usually derived from Latin
5626:is conventionally written before
5108:
5096:
5083:
5077:
5061:
5049:
5043:
5030:
5024:
5012:
4999:
4993:
4981:
4969:
4789:
4652:), and another in which they are
3876:
3833:
3076:) or circumflex (as in old-style
2509:
2503:
2491:
2478:
2472:
2460:
2447:
2441:
2424:
2418:
2406:
2394:
2382:
2370:
2357:
2351:
2339:
1944:
1909:
1858:
1824:
1809:
1763:
1744:
7825:Pronunce straniere dell'italiano
7694:Cruzeiro, Maria Eduarda (1973).
6980:― Aborreço-me tanto ― disse ela.
6842:
5915:
5541:at the end of a syllable or word
4934:It was also proposed to use the
3356:
3238:. Other monosyllables ending in
3170:
1828:The opposition between the four
1733:
1681:
1659:
1648:
1629:
1606:
1591:
1576:
1561:
1546:Problems playing this file? See
1512:
1485:Problems playing this file? See
1464:
7928:
7911:
7894:
7783:
7767:(in Portuguese). Archived from
7753:
7723:
7559:10.1590/S0102-44502004000300005
7510:
7004:Brazilian vs. European spelling
5594:
5570:
5396:
4859:; in dialects where unstressed
4783:
4603:
4558:
4541:
4496:
4465:turismo, ex-mulher, felizmente
3852:International Phonetic Alphabet
3280:, which take the grave accent,
178:Letter names and pronunciations
152:International Phonetic Alphabet
8020:Online Keyboard for Portuguese
7996:Orthographic Agreement of 1990
7990:Orthographic Agreement of 1945
7706:
7687:
7669:
7651:
7633:
7615:
7597:
7565:
7471:Spelling reforms of Portuguese
7010:Spelling reforms of Portuguese
6245:, and as part of the digraphs
5706:. Some loaned words end with -
4121:is always spelled as a single
3199:, may require an accent mark.
3017:), the vowels represented are
1852:
13:
1:
8009:Omniglot's page on Portuguese
7949:
7451:Academia Brasileira de Letras
7070:: the Brazilian spelling has
6847:
6751:Syllabification and collation
5155:
3530:, which take the circumflex (
3187:, possibly followed by final
2296:Portuguese makes use of five
2291:
1851:at the end of syllables; see
1460:Brazilian Portuguese Alphabet
231:The names of the letters are
39:text in Portuguese; note the
7978:Brazilian Academy of Letters
7733:[Naming a Newborn].
7526:
7052:appear in some words before
5907:Morphological considerations
5364:
5357:
5352:
5322:
5315:
5305:
5300:
5293:
5287:
5280:
5275:
5268:
5262:
5255:
5250:
5243:
5238:
5143:
5136:
5129:
5122:
5115:
5103:
5091:
5072:
5056:
5038:
5019:
5007:
4988:
4976:
4964:
4629:only in a few compound words
4555:never starts or ends a word.
4469:
4442:
4419:
4388:
4344:
4317:
4290:
4227:
4068:
4038:
4005:
3978:
3948:
3915:
2699:), normally the preposition
2498:
2486:
2467:
2455:
2436:
2413:
2401:
2389:
2377:
2365:
2346:
2334:
2252:is pronounced as an English
2119:
2097:
2083:
2069:
2047:
2021:
2007:
1508:European Portuguese Alphabet
1395:
1363:
1309:
1274:
1231:
1187:
1144:
1097:
1033:
995:
957:
899:
860:
822:
780:
748:
710:
672:
632:
570:
532:
462:
419:
373:
332:
286:
7:
8928:Ethiopian Semitic languages
7677:"FLiP - Dúvida Linguística"
7444:
7068:Different use of diacritics
6659:" and Brazilian Portuguese
6529:and corresponds to Spanish
6310:in many words, the variant
6277:are usually converted into
6113:Etymological considerations
5604:, for example in the words
5580:, for example in the words
4807:is only used on the letter
3253:(as in English "do") or in
2522:The cedilla indicates that
1984:
1976:). It is always pronounced
1584:as , mostly before a final
10:
9251:
8328:Phonology & ortography
7503:
7483:Acordo Ortográfico de 1990
7007:
6573:occurs only at the end of
6567:⟨c, p, s, t⟩
5401:When a syllable ends with
5160:The pronunciation of each
4766:according to the dialect.
4702:complementary distribution
4666:complementary distribution
4590:⟨c, p, s, t⟩
4105:
3257:with the vowel pronounced
3249:with the vowel pronounced
2668:"little sister". The form
1980:at the beginning of words.
1654:fê, ji, lê, mê, nê, rê, sê
90:was abolished by the last
9199:
9176:
9142:
9119:
9091:
9042:
9019:
8986:
8958:
8898:
8864:
8831:
8748:
8663:
8633:
8561:
8523:
8386:
8363:
8290:
8220:
8142:
8133:
8078:
7966:(1993) Editorial Notícias
7959:Editorial Notícias, 2004.
7663:ciberduvidas.iscte-iul.pt
7361:
7286:
7195:
6993:“I’m so bored,” she said.
6923:"You would kill it/him",
6878:papagaio-de-rabo-vermelho
6871:
5520:
5496:
5485:
5482:
5472:
5434:
5423:
5420:
5369:
5333:
5219:
4704:with the other. Stressed
4679:
4644:at the end of syllables (
4464:
4461:
4414:
4411:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4354:
4281:
4278:
4271:
4268:
4196:
4193:
4190:
4187:
4184:
4020:
3953:
3930:
3889:
3886:
3883:
3087:
2632:"pomegranate tree", from
2628:, and in some compounds:
2557:indicate that a vowel is
2213:quase, quociente, guaraná
259:
256:
251:
248:
245:
242:
7935:Roquette, J. P. (1838).
7918:Roquette, J. P. (1838).
7901:Roquette, J. P. (1838).
7884:Roquette, J. P. (1838).
7713:Roquette, J. P. (1838).
7196:Different pronunciation
6935:"He/she will drink it".
6552:at the end of syllables:
5553:at the end of a syllable
4938:instead of trema, e.g.:
4819:such as the preposition
4684:The vowels in the pairs
3721:The stressed diphthongs
3284:, and for the following
3261:(as in English "be") or
3245:Monosyllables ending in
2947:; in ultimate syllable:
1904:East Timorese Portuguese
1555:
1372:/ˈipsɨlɔn/, /ˌi ˈgrɛgu/
140:, such as accentuation.
8030:15 January 2019 at the
7518:Decree-Law No. 103/99/M
6389:⟨a, o, u⟩
6322:, more rarely to Latin
6226:⟨a, o, u⟩
4919:is in fact pronounced:
4549:⟨a, o, u⟩
3768:of the same verb, with
2532:historic palatalization
1705:/ˈdabliu/), and Y (EP:
1580:/k/ can be realized in
148:phonetic transcriptions
7970:Formulário Ortográfico
7957:Prontuário Ortográfico
7477:Vietnamese orthography
7166:in Brazilian spelling.
7162:
7156:
7150:
7144:
7138:
7128:
7122:
6986:
6979:
6743:
6733:
6723:
6713:
6707:
6701:
6695:
6689:
6675:
6661:
6651:
6615:
6220:phoneme, changes into
6195:
6185:
6157:
6151:
6145:
6139:
6101:
6091:
6081:
6060:
6050:
6040:
6015:
6005:
5995:
5899:
5893:
5887:
5881:
5875:
5869:
5863:
5849:
5843:
5837:
5827:
5821:
5815:
5802:
5792:
5782:
5772:
5763:
5749:
5743:
5737:
5731:
5725:
5719:
5702:
5696:
5690:
5684:
5678:
5672:
5666:
5660:
5642:
5636:
5612:
5606:
5588:
5582:
5205:
5196:
5183:
5170:
4946:
4940:
4927:
4921:
4888:
4882:
4876:
4839:
4833:
4827:
4821:
4772:
4758:
4751:
4745:
4734:
4572:
4566:
4516:
4310:
4283:
4273:
4263:
4253:
4247:
4241:
4179:, as described below.
4096:
4089:
4082:
4075:
4061:
4055:
4048:
4031:
4025:
4015:
3998:
3992:
3985:
3971:
3965:
3958:
3941:
3935:
3925:
3636:) containing stressed
2684:in the present tense (
2245:quotidiano / cotidiano
2244:
2238:
2232:
2226:
2212:
2195:
2186:
2177:
2168:
1685:The letters K (called
1535:and 'y' is pronounced
1501:
1453:
145:This article contains
56:Portuguese orthography
52:
8411:Classical orthography
8245:Standard Written Form
7008:Further information:
6880:"red-tailed parrot".
6561:appears, preceded by
6472:corresponds to Latin
6464:, to Greek or Arabic
6448:corresponds to Latin
6089:"I nominate" implies
5985:; these verbs retain
3324:, also not accented:
3147:; except to indicate
2966:mark did not change:
1937:and, to some extent,
1855:for more information.
1817:is pronounced voiced
1645:are pronounced and .
1500:
1452:
184:pluricentric language
92:Orthography Agreement
62:and makes use of the
35:
27:Alphabet and spelling
8481:Montenegrin alphabet
7605:"Dúvida Linguística"
7466:Portuguese phonology
6803:. Only the digraphs
6462:⟨t(i)⟩
6405:Amerindian languages
6397:⟨t(i)⟩
6381:⟨e, i⟩
6359:correspond to Latin
6279:⟨c/qu⟩
6216:, if representing a
6003:"voyage (noun)" but
5977:Nouns which end in -
5939:improve this section
5567:at the end of a word
5389:In central Portugal.
4537:⟨e, i⟩
3865:, which are spelled
3684:) are accented, but
1900:Mozambican varieties
1789:Portuguese phonology
1693:/ka/ in BP), W (EP:
1531:, 'w' is pronounced
1527:, 'r' is pronounced
130:Portuguese phonology
9230:Portuguese language
7976:) published by the
7854:"Diario do Governo"
7815:Canepari, Luciano.
7498:Help:IPA/Portuguese
7175:
7132:and words ended in
6887:to the verb, as in
6647:⟨tch⟩
6493:derives from Latin
6411:in any position or
6048:"I create" implies
6030:becomes a stressed
5983:⟨jar⟩
5979:⟨gem⟩
5513:-in, -im, -ín, -ím
5483:-en, -em, -ên, -êm
5465:-an, -am, -ân, -âm
5455:-on, -om, -ôn, -ôm
5443:-un, -um, -ún, -úm
4615:⟨hex⟩
4415:isto, externo, paz
4167:, according to the
2636:"pomegranate", and
1595:Before the letters
18:Portuguese spelling
7984:Text of the decree
7287:Silent consonants
7253:Both forms remain
7235:Both forms remain
7213:Both forms remain
7174:Written varieties
7173:
7126:becomes Brazilian
7118:⟨ss⟩
7114:⟨rr⟩
7110:⟨cc⟩
6825:⟨ou⟩
6821:⟨qu⟩
6817:⟨gu⟩
6813:⟨nh⟩
6809:⟨lh⟩
6805:⟨ch⟩
6781:⟨ss⟩
6777:⟨rr⟩
6773:⟨nn⟩
6769:⟨mm⟩
6765:⟨cç⟩
6761:⟨cc⟩
6633:⟨ch⟩
6629:portunhol da pampa
6621:⟨ch⟩
6535:⟨ch⟩
6531:⟨ll⟩
6527:⟨ch⟩
6523:⟨pl⟩
6519:⟨fl⟩
6515:⟨cl⟩
6511:⟨ch⟩
6503:⟨dh⟩
6485:⟨ch⟩
6369:⟨ns⟩
6365:⟨as⟩
6357:⟨ss⟩
6339:⟨ss⟩
6328:⟨oc⟩
6324:⟨ap⟩
6320:⟨al⟩
6316:⟨au⟩
6312:⟨ou⟩
6306:⟨ou⟩
6271:⟨th⟩
6267:⟨rh⟩
6263:⟨ph⟩
6259:⟨ch⟩
6255:⟨nh⟩
6251:⟨lh⟩
6247:⟨ch⟩
6171:⟨qu⟩
6167:⟨cu⟩
6099:"to nominate" and
6073:⟨ei⟩
5859:⟨en⟩
5855:⟨am⟩
5813:The word endings -
5759:⟨ũi⟩
5755:⟨ui⟩
5715:⟨ui⟩
5656:⟨ns⟩
4874:diphthongs, e.g.:
4796:are marked with a
4718:⟨nh⟩
4611:⟨ex⟩
4358:Start of syllable
4188:Start of syllable
4173:⟨rr⟩
3871:⟨nh⟩
3867:⟨lh⟩
3787:and the preterite
2534:). By convention,
2282:⟨rr⟩
2278:⟨ss⟩
2274:⟨rr⟩
2270:palatal consonants
2262:⟨nh⟩
2258:⟨lh⟩
2254:⟨sh⟩
2250:⟨ch⟩
2239:quatorze / catorze
2156:⟨gu⟩
2152:⟨qu⟩
1748:Usually silent or
1701:/ˈduplu ˌve/, BP:
1502:
1454:
1368:ípsilon or i grego
1279:dâblio or duplo vê
82:to denote stress,
53:
9217:
9216:
8659:
8658:
8508:Cyrillic alphabet
8471:Cyrillic alphabet
8401:Cyrillic alphabet
8250:Kernowek Standard
8072:world's languages
7974:Orthographic Form
7838:on 30 March 2012.
7737:(in Portuguese).
7735:Portal do Cidadão
7549:(in Portuguese).
7442:
7441:
7134:⟨m⟩
7100:⟨ó⟩
7096:⟨é⟩
7092:⟨á⟩
7088:⟨n⟩
7084:⟨m⟩
7080:⟨ô⟩
7076:⟨ê⟩
7072:⟨a⟩
7062:⟨t⟩
7058:⟨ç⟩
7054:⟨c⟩
7050:⟨p⟩
7046:⟨c⟩
6837:crossword puzzles
6640:⟨x⟩
6625:⟨x⟩
6611:⟨x⟩
6605:Loanwords with a
6599:⟨z⟩
6595:⟨i⟩
6591:⟨e⟩
6587:⟨c⟩
6583:⟨x⟩
6571:⟨z⟩
6563:⟨e⟩
6559:⟨x⟩
6555:⟨s⟩
6550:⟨z⟩
6546:⟨x⟩
6542:⟨s⟩
6507:⟨j⟩
6501:, or from Arabic
6499:⟨s⟩
6495:⟨x⟩
6491:⟨x⟩
6481:⟨x⟩
6474:⟨s⟩
6470:⟨s⟩
6466:⟨z⟩
6458:⟨i⟩
6454:⟨e⟩
6450:⟨c⟩
6446:⟨z⟩
6440:⟨s⟩
6436:⟨z⟩
6429:⟨ç⟩
6425:⟨s⟩
6421:⟨e⟩
6417:⟨i⟩
6413:⟨c⟩
6409:⟨z⟩
6401:⟨s⟩
6393:⟨c⟩
6385:⟨ç⟩
6377:⟨c⟩
6373:⟨s⟩
6371:, and to Spanish
6361:⟨s⟩
6353:⟨s⟩
6347:⟨ç⟩
6343:⟨c⟩
6335:⟨s⟩
6302:⟨o⟩
6295:⟨i⟩
6291:⟨t⟩
6287:⟨r⟩
6283:⟨f⟩
6275:⟨y⟩
6257:. Latin or Greek
6233:⟨h⟩
6222:⟨j⟩
6214:⟨g⟩
6208:⟨j⟩
6204:⟨g⟩
6191:⟨q⟩
6181:⟨c⟩
6177:⟨u⟩
6077:⟨e⟩
6036:⟨i⟩
6032:⟨i⟩
5991:⟨g⟩
5987:⟨j⟩
5975:
5974:
5967:
5708:⟨n⟩
5652:⟨m⟩
5648:⟨n⟩
5632:⟨p⟩
5628:⟨b⟩
5624:⟨m⟩
5602:⟨s⟩
5578:⟨s⟩
5524:
5523:
5407:⟨n⟩
5403:⟨m⟩
5374:
5373:
5179:⟨i⟩
5151:
5150:
4917:⟨e⟩
4913:⟨i⟩
4909:⟨g⟩
4905:⟨q⟩
4901:⟨u⟩
4861:⟨a⟩
4853:⟨à⟩
4845:⟨a⟩
4817:⟨a⟩
4809:⟨a⟩
4714:⟨n⟩
4710:⟨m⟩
4696:only contrast in
4586:⟨e⟩
4553:⟨ç⟩
4492:
4491:
4342:
4341:
4177:⟨r⟩
4140:or as one of the
4123:⟨r⟩
4103:
4102:
3896:⟨i⟩
3892:⟨e⟩
3854:, except for the
3276:with the article
3242:are not accented.
3032:The letters with
2964:circumflex accent
2962:, and so on. The
2555:circumflex accent
2518:
2517:
2310:circumflex accent
2308:(á, é, í, ó, ú),
2222:⟨i⟩
2218:⟨e⟩
2208:⟨o⟩
2204:⟨a⟩
2164:⟨i⟩
2160:⟨e⟩
2146:
2145:
1894:, can be read as
1713:/ˌi ˈgrɛgu/, BP:
1689:/ˈkapɐ/ in EP or
1614:before the sound
1518:
1469:
1442:
1441:
656:natively silent,
68:circumflex accent
49:circumflex accent
16:(Redirected from
9242:
8140:
8139:
8061:
8054:
8047:
8038:
8037:
7943:
7942:
7932:
7926:
7925:
7915:
7909:
7908:
7898:
7892:
7891:
7881:
7872:
7871:
7869:
7867:
7858:
7850:
7841:
7839:
7837:
7822:
7812:
7803:
7802:
7801:(in Portuguese).
7796:
7787:
7781:
7780:
7778:
7776:
7757:
7751:
7750:
7748:
7746:
7727:
7721:
7720:
7710:
7704:
7703:
7691:
7685:
7684:
7673:
7667:
7666:
7655:
7649:
7648:
7647:(in Portuguese).
7637:
7631:
7630:
7629:(in Portuguese).
7619:
7613:
7612:
7601:
7595:
7593:
7592:
7590:
7569:
7563:
7562:
7542:
7520:
7514:
7461:Portuguese names
7176:
7172:
7165:
7159:
7153:
7147:
7141:
7135:
7131:
7125:
7119:
7115:
7111:
7101:
7097:
7093:
7089:
7085:
7081:
7077:
7073:
7063:
7059:
7055:
7051:
7047:
6989:
6982:
6826:
6822:
6818:
6814:
6810:
6806:
6782:
6778:
6774:
6770:
6766:
6762:
6746:
6740:
6736:
6730:
6726:
6720:
6719:/zaitʃiˈgaiʃtʃi/
6716:
6710:
6704:
6698:
6692:
6686:
6678:
6672:
6668:
6664:
6662:República Tcheca
6654:
6648:
6644:
6641:
6637:
6634:
6626:
6622:
6618:
6612:
6608:
6600:
6596:
6592:
6588:
6584:
6572:
6568:
6564:
6560:
6556:
6551:
6547:
6543:
6536:
6532:
6528:
6524:
6520:
6516:
6512:
6508:
6504:
6500:
6496:
6492:
6486:
6482:
6475:
6471:
6467:
6463:
6459:
6455:
6451:
6447:
6441:
6437:
6431:, by convention.
6430:
6426:
6422:
6418:
6414:
6410:
6402:
6398:
6394:
6390:
6386:
6382:
6378:
6375:. The graphemes
6374:
6370:
6366:
6362:
6358:
6355:and the digraph
6354:
6348:
6344:
6340:
6336:
6329:
6325:
6321:
6317:
6313:
6307:
6303:
6296:
6292:
6288:
6284:
6280:
6276:
6272:
6268:
6264:
6260:
6256:
6252:
6248:
6234:
6227:
6223:
6219:
6215:
6209:
6205:
6198:
6192:
6188:
6182:
6178:
6172:
6168:
6160:
6154:
6148:
6142:
6108:
6098:
6088:
6078:
6074:
6067:
6058:"to create" and
6057:
6047:
6037:
6033:
6022:
6012:
6002:
5992:
5988:
5984:
5980:
5970:
5963:
5959:
5956:
5950:
5919:
5911:
5902:
5896:
5890:
5884:
5878:
5872:
5866:
5860:
5856:
5852:
5846:
5840:
5830:
5824:
5818:
5809:
5799:
5789:
5779:
5769:
5760:
5756:
5752:
5746:
5740:
5734:
5728:
5722:
5716:
5713:Nasalization of
5709:
5705:
5699:
5693:
5687:
5681:
5675:
5669:
5663:
5657:
5653:
5649:
5646:in Brazil), and
5645:
5639:
5633:
5629:
5625:
5616:
5615:
5609:
5603:
5598:
5592:
5591:
5585:
5579:
5574:
5568:
5565:
5554:
5551:
5542:
5539:
5518:
5499:
5488:
5478:
5470:
5460:
5448:
5418:
5417:
5408:
5404:
5390:
5387:
5217:
5216:
5211:
5208:
5202:
5199:
5189:
5186:
5180:
5176:
5173:
5112:
5100:
5087:
5081:
5069:
5065:
5053:
5047:
5034:
5028:
5016:
5003:
4997:
4985:
4973:
4955:
4954:
4949:
4943:
4930:
4924:
4918:
4914:
4910:
4906:
4902:
4891:
4885:
4879:
4866:
4862:
4858:
4854:
4850:
4846:
4842:
4836:
4830:
4824:
4818:
4810:
4775:
4769:
4761:
4754:
4748:
4737:
4723:
4719:
4715:
4711:
4707:
4695:
4691:
4687:
4663:
4659:
4651:
4647:
4630:
4627:
4618:
4616:
4612:
4607:
4601:
4598:
4592:
4591:
4587:
4582:
4576:
4575:
4569:
4562:
4556:
4554:
4550:
4545:
4539:
4538:
4533:
4520:
4519:
4512:
4506:
4500:
4472:
4445:
4438:caixa, mexilhão
4422:
4391:
4352:
4351:
4313:
4297:
4286:
4276:
4266:
4256:
4250:
4244:
4234:
4197:End of syllable
4194:Closed syllable
4182:
4181:
4178:
4174:
4166:
4158:
4150:
4139:
4124:
4120:
4099:
4092:
4085:
4078:
4071:
4064:
4058:
4051:
4041:
4034:
4028:
4018:
4008:
4001:
3995:
3988:
3981:
3974:
3968:
3961:
3951:
3944:
3938:
3928:
3918:
3897:
3893:
3881:
3880:
3872:
3868:
3864:
3860:
3793:
3786:
3775:
3759:
3656:(syllabified as
3291:
3264:
3260:
3252:
2874:irregular stress
2529:
2513:
2507:
2495:
2482:
2476:
2464:
2451:
2445:
2432:
2428:
2422:
2410:
2398:
2386:
2374:
2361:
2355:
2343:
2325:
2324:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2241:
2235:
2229:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2192:
2189:
2183:
2180:
2174:
2171:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2142:
2138:
2130:
2116:
2108:
2094:
2080:
2066:
2058:
2044:
2040:
2032:
2018:
1998:
1997:
1989:Portuguese uses
1979:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1947:
1912:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1861:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1827:
1820:
1812:
1804:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1766:
1747:
1736:
1684:
1662:
1651:
1632:
1617:
1609:
1594:
1579:
1564:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1499:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1451:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1416:
1406:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1330:
1320:
1297:/u/, /v/ or /w/
1261:
1257:
1252:
1242:
1211:
1206:
1198:
1170:
1165:
1155:
1127:
1123:
1118:
1108:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1052:
1048:
1021:
1016:
1006:
983:
978:
968:
941:
937:
933:
928:
924:
910:
886:
881:
871:
848:
843:
833:
806:
801:
791:
736:
731:
721:
698:
693:
683:
659:
653:
643:
616:
612:
607:
603:
589:
585:
558:
553:
543:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
491:
487:
473:
445:
440:
430:
403:
399:
394:
384:
358:
353:
343:
316:
312:
307:
297:
240:
239:
167:
163:
101:The spelling of
58:is based on the
21:
9250:
9249:
9245:
9244:
9243:
9241:
9240:
9239:
9220:
9219:
9218:
9213:
9195:
9172:
9145:Native American
9138:
9115:
9087:
9038:
9015:
8982:
8954:
8894:
8860:
8827:
8744:
8655:
8629:
8557:
8519:
8467:Serbo-Croatian
8382:
8359:
8286:
8277:Scottish Gaelic
8260:Unified Cornish
8240:Kernewek Kemmyn
8216:
8129:
8074:
8065:
8032:Wayback Machine
8005:
7962:Estrela, Edite
7952:
7947:
7946:
7933:
7929:
7916:
7912:
7899:
7895:
7882:
7875:
7865:
7863:
7856:
7852:
7851:
7844:
7835:
7820:
7813:
7806:
7794:
7789:
7788:
7784:
7774:
7772:
7771:on 20 June 2023
7759:
7758:
7754:
7744:
7742:
7729:
7728:
7724:
7711:
7707:
7692:
7688:
7675:
7674:
7670:
7657:
7656:
7652:
7645:Livro de Estilo
7639:
7638:
7634:
7621:
7620:
7616:
7603:
7602:
7598:
7588:
7586:
7585:on 29 June 2009
7571:
7570:
7566:
7543:
7534:
7529:
7524:
7523:
7515:
7511:
7506:
7447:
7133:
7117:
7113:
7109:
7099:
7095:
7091:
7087:
7083:
7079:
7075:
7071:
7061:
7057:
7053:
7049:
7045:
7012:
7006:
6945:quotation marks
6941:
6939:Quotation marks
6905:levar-vo-los-ia
6885:clitic pronouns
6874:
6850:
6845:
6824:
6820:
6816:
6812:
6808:
6804:
6780:
6776:
6772:
6768:
6764:
6760:
6757:syllabification
6753:
6646:
6639:
6632:
6624:
6620:
6610:
6598:
6597:) or to Arabic
6594:
6590:
6586:
6582:
6570:
6566:
6562:
6558:
6554:
6549:
6545:
6541:
6534:
6530:
6526:
6525:or from French
6522:
6518:
6514:
6510:
6506:
6502:
6498:
6494:
6490:
6484:
6480:
6473:
6469:
6468:. Intervocalic
6465:
6461:
6457:
6453:
6449:
6445:
6442:between vowels:
6439:
6435:
6428:
6424:
6420:
6416:
6412:
6408:
6400:
6396:
6392:
6388:
6384:
6380:
6376:
6372:
6368:
6364:
6360:
6356:
6352:
6346:
6342:
6338:
6334:
6327:
6323:
6319:
6315:
6311:
6305:
6301:
6297:, respectively.
6294:
6290:
6286:
6282:
6278:
6274:
6270:
6266:
6262:
6258:
6254:
6250:
6246:
6237:this letter is
6232:
6225:
6221:
6213:
6207:
6203:
6190:
6180:
6176:
6170:
6166:
6155:"inheritance",
6115:
6076:
6072:
6035:
6031:
5990:
5986:
5982:
5978:
5971:
5960:
5954:
5951:
5936:
5920:
5909:
5858:
5854:
5758:
5754:
5714:
5707:
5655:
5651:
5647:
5631:
5627:
5623:
5620:
5619:
5601:
5599:
5595:
5577:
5575:
5571:
5566:
5557:
5552:
5545:
5540:
5531:
5406:
5402:
5399:
5394:
5393:
5388:
5381:
5178:
5158:
4916:
4912:
4908:
4904:
4900:
4860:
4852:
4844:
4816:
4808:
4786:
4717:
4713:
4709:
4682:
4634:
4633:
4628:
4621:
4614:
4610:
4608:
4604:
4599:
4595:
4589:
4585:
4583:
4579:
4563:
4559:
4552:
4548:
4546:
4542:
4536:
4534:
4523:
4513:
4509:
4501:
4497:
4487:
4479:
4452:
4437:
4429:
4408:
4407:açoite, alperce
4406:
4398:
4361:Between vowels
4347:
4191:Between vowels
4176:
4172:
4122:
4108:
3895:
3891:
3879:
3870:
3866:
3848:
3836:
3359:
3173:
3090:
2686:pões, põe, põem
2640:"vainly", from
2294:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2268:origin, denote
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2248:). The digraph
2221:
2217:
2207:
2203:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2151:
1987:
1866:+ before it),
1821:between vowels.
1622:, or sometimes
1610:Allophonically
1588:or reduced /o/.
1558:
1553:
1552:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1521:
1513:
1510:
1503:
1497:
1492:
1491:
1483:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1472:
1465:
1462:
1455:
1449:
253:
180:
175:
174:
173:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9248:
9238:
9237:
9232:
9215:
9214:
9212:
9211:
9205:
9203:
9197:
9196:
9194:
9193:
9188:
9186:Haitian Creole
9182:
9180:
9174:
9173:
9171:
9170:
9165:
9160:
9155:
9149:
9147:
9140:
9139:
9137:
9136:
9131:
9125:
9123:
9117:
9116:
9114:
9113:
9108:
9103:
9097:
9095:
9089:
9088:
9086:
9085:
9080:
9075:
9070:
9065:
9060:
9049:
9047:
9040:
9039:
9037:
9036:
9031:
9025:
9023:
9017:
9016:
9014:
9013:
9008:
9003:
8998:
8992:
8990:
8984:
8983:
8981:
8980:
8975:
8970:
8964:
8962:
8956:
8955:
8953:
8952:
8947:
8942:
8941:
8940:
8930:
8925:
8924:
8923:
8918:
8910:
8904:
8902:
8896:
8895:
8893:
8892:
8887:
8882:
8877:
8871:
8869:
8862:
8861:
8859:
8858:
8853:
8848:
8843:
8837:
8835:
8829:
8828:
8826:
8825:
8820:
8815:
8810:
8805:
8800:
8795:
8790:
8785:
8780:
8775:
8770:
8765:
8760:
8754:
8752:
8746:
8745:
8743:
8742:
8737:
8732:
8731:
8730:
8725:
8715:
8710:
8705:
8700:
8695:
8694:
8693:
8688:
8680:
8675:
8669:
8667:
8661:
8660:
8657:
8656:
8654:
8653:
8648:
8643:
8637:
8635:
8631:
8630:
8628:
8627:
8622:
8617:
8612:
8611:
8610:
8600:
8599:
8598:
8588:
8583:
8578:
8573:
8567:
8565:
8559:
8558:
8556:
8555:
8550:
8545:
8540:
8535:
8529:
8527:
8521:
8520:
8518:
8517:
8516:
8515:
8513:Latin alphabet
8510:
8500:
8495:
8490:
8485:
8484:
8483:
8478:
8476:Latin alphabet
8473:
8465:
8460:
8459:
8458:
8453:
8445:
8444:
8443:
8438:
8430:
8425:
8420:
8415:
8414:
8413:
8408:
8406:Latin alphabet
8403:
8392:
8390:
8384:
8383:
8381:
8380:
8375:
8369:
8367:
8361:
8360:
8358:
8357:
8352:
8347:
8342:
8337:
8336:
8335:
8330:
8322:
8317:
8315:Istro-Romanian
8312:
8307:
8302:
8296:
8294:
8288:
8287:
8285:
8284:
8279:
8274:
8269:
8264:
8263:
8262:
8257:
8255:Modern Cornish
8252:
8247:
8242:
8232:
8226:
8224:
8218:
8217:
8215:
8214:
8209:
8204:
8203:
8202:
8197:
8189:
8184:
8179:
8174:
8169:
8164:
8159:
8154:
8148:
8146:
8137:
8131:
8130:
8128:
8127:
8126:
8125:
8120:
8115:
8110:
8105:
8100:
8090:
8085:
8079:
8076:
8075:
8064:
8063:
8056:
8049:
8041:
8035:
8034:
8022:
8017:
8012:
8004:
8003:External links
8001:
8000:
7999:
7993:
7987:
7981:
7967:
7960:
7951:
7948:
7945:
7944:
7927:
7910:
7893:
7873:
7842:
7804:
7782:
7752:
7722:
7705:
7686:
7668:
7650:
7632:
7614:
7596:
7564:
7553:(spe): 33–58.
7531:
7530:
7528:
7525:
7522:
7521:
7508:
7507:
7505:
7502:
7501:
7500:
7495:
7490:
7485:
7480:
7473:
7468:
7463:
7458:
7453:
7446:
7443:
7440:
7439:
7436:
7430:
7424:
7418:
7414:
7413:
7410:
7403:
7396:
7388:
7387:
7384:
7377:
7370:
7363:
7359:
7358:
7355:
7352:
7349:
7341:
7340:
7337:
7334:
7331:
7323:
7322:
7319:
7316:
7313:
7305:
7304:
7301:
7298:
7295:
7288:
7284:
7283:
7280:
7273:
7266:
7258:
7257:
7254:
7251:
7248:
7240:
7239:
7236:
7233:
7226:
7218:
7217:
7214:
7211:
7204:
7197:
7193:
7192:
7189:
7186:
7183:
7180:
7168:
7167:
7103:
7065:
7044:: The letters
7031:
7030:
7023:
7005:
7002:
7001:
7000:
6995:
6990:
6983:
6972:
6971:
6966:
6958:
6957:
6952:
6940:
6937:
6873:
6870:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6835:aloud, and in
6752:
6749:
6603:
6602:
6538:
6509:. The digraph
6477:
6432:
6331:
6298:
6229:
6200:
6114:
6111:
6109:"nomination".
6028:thematic vowel
6023:"to travel").
5973:
5972:
5923:
5921:
5914:
5908:
5905:
5757:was marked as
5658:; for example
5654:changes into -
5618:
5617:
5593:
5569:
5555:
5543:
5528:
5527:
5526:
5525:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5514:
5510:
5509:
5506:
5502:
5501:
5495:
5492:
5489:
5484:
5480:
5479:
5474:
5471:
5466:
5462:
5461:
5456:
5452:
5451:
5449:
5444:
5440:
5439:
5438:Pronunciation
5436:
5433:
5432:Pronunciation
5430:
5426:
5425:
5422:
5398:
5395:
5392:
5391:
5378:
5377:
5376:
5375:
5372:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5362:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5350:
5349:
5348:Pronunciation
5346:
5343:
5342:Pronunciation
5340:
5336:
5335:
5331:
5330:
5328:
5326:
5324:
5320:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5308:
5306:
5304:
5302:
5298:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5289:
5285:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5273:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5264:
5260:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5248:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5236:
5235:
5234:Pronunciation
5232:
5229:
5228:Pronunciation
5226:
5222:
5221:
5157:
5154:
5153:
5152:
5149:
5148:
5146:
5142:
5141:
5139:
5135:
5134:
5132:
5128:
5127:
5125:
5121:
5120:
5118:
5114:
5113:
5106:
5102:
5101:
5094:
5090:
5089:
5075:
5071:
5070:
5059:
5055:
5054:
5041:
5037:
5036:
5022:
5018:
5017:
5010:
5006:
5005:
4991:
4987:
4986:
4979:
4975:
4974:
4967:
4963:
4962:
4961:Pronunciation
4959:
4785:
4782:
4681:
4678:
4632:
4631:
4619:
4602:
4593:
4577:
4557:
4540:
4521:
4507:
4494:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4484:
4481:
4476:
4473:
4467:
4466:
4463:
4460:
4457:
4454:
4449:
4446:
4440:
4439:
4434:
4431:
4428:chuva, cherne,
4426:
4423:
4417:
4416:
4413:
4410:
4405:assado, passe,
4403:
4400:
4395:
4392:
4386:
4385:
4382:
4379:
4376:
4373:
4370:
4366:
4365:
4362:
4359:
4356:
4346:
4343:
4340:
4339:
4336:
4333:
4330:
4327:
4324:
4321:
4315:
4314:
4307:
4304:
4301:
4298:
4288:
4287:
4280:
4277:
4270:
4267:
4260:
4257:
4238:
4235:
4225:
4224:
4221:
4218:
4215:
4212:
4209:
4206:
4203:
4199:
4198:
4195:
4192:
4189:
4186:
4107:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4093:
4086:
4079:
4072:
4066:
4065:
4052:
4045:
4042:
4036:
4035:
4022:
4019:
4012:
4009:
4003:
4002:
3989:
3982:
3976:
3975:
3962:
3955:
3952:
3946:
3945:
3932:
3929:
3922:
3919:
3913:
3912:
3909:
3906:
3903:
3899:
3898:
3888:
3885:
3878:
3877:Velar plosives
3875:
3847:
3844:
3835:
3834:Personal names
3832:
3796:
3795:
3738:
3719:
3630:
3500:. The endings
3476:(adjectives),
3358:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3266:
3243:
3212:
3172:
3169:
3089:
3086:
2985:The graphemes
2678:nação → nações
2526:is pronounced
2520:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2501:
2497:
2496:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2470:
2466:
2465:
2458:
2454:
2453:
2439:
2435:
2434:
2416:
2412:
2411:
2404:
2400:
2399:
2392:
2388:
2387:
2380:
2376:
2375:
2368:
2364:
2363:
2349:
2345:
2344:
2337:
2333:
2332:
2331:Pronunciation
2329:
2293:
2290:
2148:
2147:
2144:
2143:
2122:
2118:
2117:
2100:
2096:
2095:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2072:
2068:
2067:
2050:
2046:
2045:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2010:
2006:
2005:
2004:Pronunciation
2002:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1952:may represent
1942:
1907:
1856:
1822:
1807:
1771:is pronounced
1761:
1742:
1731:
1719:personal names
1709:/ˈipsɨlɔn/ or
1679:
1657:
1646:
1633:May become an
1627:
1604:
1589:
1574:
1557:
1554:
1543:
1522:
1511:
1506:
1505:
1504:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1482:
1473:
1463:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1431:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1373:
1370:
1365:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1352:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1287:
1281:
1276:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1262:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1228:
1225:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1172:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1129:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1081:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1044:
1035:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
993:
992:
990:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
955:
954:
952:
942:
929:
920:
911:
906:
901:
897:
896:
893:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
858:
857:
855:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
820:
819:
817:
808:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
778:
777:
775:
769:
766:
763:
758:
755:
750:
746:
745:
743:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
708:
707:
705:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
670:
669:
667:
661:
660:in loanwords
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
630:
629:
627:
617:
608:
599:
590:
581:
572:
568:
567:
565:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
530:
529:
527:
517:
492:
483:
474:
469:
464:
460:
459:
457:
447:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
417:
416:
414:
404:
395:
390:
385:
380:
375:
371:
370:
368:
360:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
330:
329:
327:
317:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
284:
283:
276:
273:
266:
262:
261:
260:Example (IPA)
258:
255:
250:
247:
244:
179:
176:
168:⟩, see
144:
143:
142:
60:Latin alphabet
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9247:
9236:
9233:
9231:
9228:
9227:
9225:
9210:
9207:
9206:
9204:
9202:
9198:
9192:
9189:
9187:
9184:
9183:
9181:
9179:
9175:
9169:
9166:
9164:
9161:
9159:
9156:
9154:
9151:
9150:
9148:
9146:
9141:
9135:
9132:
9130:
9127:
9126:
9124:
9122:
9118:
9112:
9109:
9107:
9104:
9102:
9099:
9098:
9096:
9094:
9090:
9084:
9081:
9079:
9076:
9074:
9071:
9069:
9066:
9064:
9061:
9058:
9054:
9051:
9050:
9048:
9046:
9041:
9035:
9032:
9030:
9027:
9026:
9024:
9022:
9018:
9012:
9009:
9007:
9004:
9002:
8999:
8997:
8994:
8993:
8991:
8989:
8985:
8979:
8976:
8974:
8971:
8969:
8966:
8965:
8963:
8961:
8957:
8951:
8948:
8946:
8943:
8939:
8936:
8935:
8934:
8931:
8929:
8926:
8922:
8919:
8917:
8914:
8913:
8911:
8909:
8906:
8905:
8903:
8901:
8897:
8891:
8888:
8886:
8883:
8881:
8878:
8876:
8873:
8872:
8870:
8868:
8863:
8857:
8854:
8852:
8849:
8847:
8844:
8842:
8839:
8838:
8836:
8834:
8833:Tungus—Manchu
8830:
8824:
8821:
8819:
8816:
8814:
8811:
8809:
8806:
8804:
8801:
8799:
8796:
8794:
8791:
8789:
8786:
8784:
8781:
8779:
8776:
8774:
8771:
8769:
8766:
8764:
8761:
8759:
8756:
8755:
8753:
8751:
8747:
8741:
8738:
8736:
8733:
8729:
8726:
8724:
8721:
8720:
8719:
8716:
8714:
8711:
8709:
8706:
8704:
8701:
8699:
8696:
8692:
8689:
8687:
8684:
8683:
8681:
8679:
8676:
8674:
8671:
8670:
8668:
8666:
8662:
8652:
8649:
8647:
8644:
8642:
8639:
8638:
8636:
8632:
8626:
8623:
8621:
8618:
8616:
8613:
8609:
8606:
8605:
8604:
8601:
8597:
8594:
8593:
8592:
8589:
8587:
8584:
8582:
8579:
8577:
8574:
8572:
8569:
8568:
8566:
8564:
8560:
8554:
8551:
8549:
8546:
8544:
8541:
8539:
8536:
8534:
8531:
8530:
8528:
8526:
8522:
8514:
8511:
8509:
8506:
8505:
8504:
8501:
8499:
8496:
8494:
8491:
8489:
8486:
8482:
8479:
8477:
8474:
8472:
8469:
8468:
8466:
8464:
8461:
8457:
8454:
8452:
8449:
8448:
8446:
8442:
8439:
8437:
8434:
8433:
8431:
8429:
8426:
8424:
8421:
8419:
8416:
8412:
8409:
8407:
8404:
8402:
8399:
8398:
8397:
8394:
8393:
8391:
8389:
8385:
8379:
8376:
8374:
8371:
8370:
8368:
8366:
8362:
8356:
8353:
8351:
8348:
8346:
8343:
8341:
8338:
8334:
8331:
8329:
8326:
8325:
8323:
8321:
8318:
8316:
8313:
8311:
8308:
8306:
8303:
8301:
8298:
8297:
8295:
8293:
8289:
8283:
8280:
8278:
8275:
8273:
8270:
8268:
8265:
8261:
8258:
8256:
8253:
8251:
8248:
8246:
8243:
8241:
8238:
8237:
8236:
8233:
8231:
8228:
8227:
8225:
8223:
8219:
8213:
8210:
8208:
8205:
8201:
8198:
8196:
8193:
8192:
8190:
8188:
8185:
8183:
8180:
8178:
8175:
8173:
8170:
8168:
8165:
8163:
8160:
8158:
8155:
8153:
8150:
8149:
8147:
8145:
8141:
8138:
8136:
8135:Indo-European
8132:
8124:
8121:
8119:
8116:
8114:
8111:
8109:
8106:
8104:
8101:
8099:
8096:
8095:
8094:
8091:
8089:
8088:Orthographies
8086:
8084:
8081:
8080:
8077:
8073:
8069:
8068:Orthographies
8062:
8057:
8055:
8050:
8048:
8043:
8042:
8039:
8033:
8029:
8026:
8023:
8021:
8018:
8016:
8013:
8010:
8007:
8006:
7997:
7994:
7991:
7988:
7985:
7982:
7979:
7975:
7971:
7968:
7965:
7961:
7958:
7954:
7953:
7940:
7939:
7931:
7923:
7922:
7914:
7906:
7905:
7897:
7889:
7888:
7880:
7878:
7862:
7855:
7849:
7847:
7834:
7830:
7826:
7818:
7811:
7809:
7800:
7792:
7786:
7770:
7766:
7762:
7756:
7740:
7736:
7732:
7726:
7718:
7717:
7709:
7701:
7697:
7690:
7682:
7678:
7672:
7664:
7660:
7654:
7646:
7642:
7636:
7628:
7624:
7618:
7610:
7606:
7600:
7584:
7580:
7576:
7575:
7568:
7560:
7556:
7552:
7548:
7541:
7539:
7537:
7532:
7519:
7513:
7509:
7499:
7496:
7494:
7491:
7489:
7486:
7484:
7481:
7478:
7474:
7472:
7469:
7467:
7464:
7462:
7459:
7457:
7454:
7452:
7449:
7448:
7437:
7434:
7431:
7428:
7425:
7422:
7419:
7416:
7415:
7411:
7408:
7404:
7401:
7397:
7394:
7390:
7389:
7385:
7382:
7378:
7375:
7371:
7368:
7364:
7360:
7356:
7353:
7350:
7347:
7343:
7342:
7338:
7335:
7332:
7329:
7325:
7324:
7320:
7317:
7314:
7311:
7307:
7306:
7302:
7299:
7296:
7293:
7289:
7285:
7281:
7278:
7274:
7271:
7267:
7264:
7260:
7259:
7255:
7252:
7249:
7246:
7242:
7241:
7237:
7234:
7231:
7227:
7224:
7220:
7219:
7215:
7212:
7209:
7205:
7202:
7198:
7194:
7190:
7187:
7184:
7181:
7178:
7177:
7171:
7164:
7158:
7152:
7146:
7142:added, (like
7140:
7130:
7124:
7107:
7104:
7069:
7066:
7043:
7040:
7039:
7038:
7036:
7035:orthographies
7028:
7024:
7021:
7020:
7019:
7017:
7014:Prior to the
7011:
6999:
6996:
6994:
6991:
6988:
6984:
6981:
6977:
6976:
6975:
6970:
6967:
6964:
6963:
6962:
6956:
6953:
6950:
6949:
6948:
6946:
6936:
6934:
6930:
6926:
6922:
6918:
6914:
6910:
6906:
6902:
6898:
6894:
6890:
6886:
6881:
6879:
6869:
6867:
6863:
6859:
6855:
6843:Other symbols
6840:
6838:
6834:
6830:
6802:
6798:
6794:
6790:
6786:
6785:fric-ci-o-nar
6758:
6748:
6745:
6735:
6729:/tʃisuˈnɐ̃mi/
6725:
6715:
6709:
6703:
6697:
6691:
6682:
6677:
6663:
6658:
6653:
6630:
6617:
6580:
6577:words and in
6576:
6553:
6539:
6488:
6478:
6443:
6433:
6406:
6350:
6332:
6309:
6299:
6244:
6243:interjections
6240:
6236:
6230:
6212:etymological
6211:
6201:
6197:
6187:
6174:
6164:
6163:
6162:
6159:
6153:
6147:
6141:
6136:
6132:
6128:
6124:
6120:
6110:
6107:
6105:
6097:
6095:
6087:
6085:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6056:
6054:
6046:
6044:
6029:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6011:
6009:
6001:
5999:
5989:(rather than
5969:
5966:
5958:
5948:
5944:
5940:
5934:
5933:
5929:
5924:This section
5922:
5918:
5913:
5912:
5904:
5901:
5895:
5889:
5883:
5877:
5871:
5865:
5851:
5845:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5823:
5817:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5798:
5796:
5788:
5786:
5778:
5776:
5768:
5767:
5751:
5745:
5739:
5733:
5727:
5721:
5711:
5704:
5698:
5692:
5686:
5680:
5674:
5668:
5662:
5644:
5638:
5614:
5608:
5600:before final
5597:
5590:
5584:
5576:before final
5573:
5564:
5562:
5560:
5550:
5548:
5538:
5536:
5534:
5529:
5515:
5512:
5511:
5507:
5504:
5503:
5493:
5490:
5481:
5475:
5467:
5464:
5463:
5457:
5454:
5453:
5445:
5442:
5441:
5437:
5431:
5428:
5427:
5421:Monophthongs
5419:
5416:
5415:
5414:
5412:
5386:
5384:
5379:
5367:
5363:
5360:
5355:
5351:
5347:
5344:
5341:
5338:
5337:
5332:
5329:
5327:
5325:
5321:
5318:
5313:
5311:
5310:
5307:
5303:
5299:
5296:
5290:
5286:
5283:
5278:
5274:
5271:
5265:
5261:
5258:
5253:
5249:
5246:
5241:
5237:
5233:
5230:
5227:
5224:
5223:
5218:
5215:
5214:
5213:
5207:
5198:
5193:
5185:
5172:
5167:
5163:
5147:
5144:
5140:
5137:
5133:
5130:
5126:
5123:
5119:
5116:
5111:
5107:
5104:
5099:
5095:
5092:
5086:
5080:
5076:
5073:
5064:
5060:
5057:
5052:
5046:
5042:
5039:
5033:
5027:
5023:
5020:
5015:
5011:
5008:
5002:
4996:
4992:
4989:
4984:
4980:
4977:
4972:
4968:
4965:
4960:
4957:
4956:
4953:
4952:
4951:
4948:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4929:
4925:"liquid" and
4923:
4898:
4893:
4890:
4884:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4841:
4835:
4829:
4823:
4814:
4806:
4801:
4799:
4795:
4791:
4790:#Nasalization
4781:
4777:
4776:as , , and .
4774:
4765:
4760:
4753:
4747:
4740:
4736:
4729:
4727:
4726:minimal pairs
4703:
4699:
4677:
4675:
4671:
4667:
4655:
4643:
4639:
4626:
4624:
4606:
4597:
4581:
4574:
4568:
4561:
4544:
4532:
4530:
4528:
4526:
4518:
4511:
4505:
4499:
4495:
4486:ajuda, pajem,
4485:
4482:
4477:
4474:
4468:
4458:
4455:
4450:
4447:
4441:
4436:fecho, duche,
4435:
4432:
4430:xarope, xisto
4427:
4424:
4418:
4404:
4401:
4397:sapo, psique,
4396:
4393:
4387:
4383:
4380:
4377:
4374:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4353:
4350:
4337:
4334:
4331:
4328:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4316:
4312:
4308:
4305:
4302:
4299:
4295:
4289:
4285:
4275:
4265:
4261:
4258:
4255:
4249:
4243:
4239:
4236:
4232:
4226:
4222:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4210:
4207:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4183:
4180:
4170:
4164:
4156:
4148:
4143:
4137:
4132:
4128:
4118:
4113:
4112:alveolar flap
4098:
4094:
4091:
4087:
4084:
4080:
4077:
4073:
4067:
4063:
4057:
4053:
4050:
4046:
4043:
4037:
4033:
4027:
4023:
4017:
4013:
4010:
4004:
4000:
3994:
3990:
3987:
3983:
3977:
3973:
3967:
3963:
3960:
3956:
3947:
3943:
3937:
3933:
3927:
3923:
3920:
3914:
3910:
3907:
3904:
3901:
3900:
3882:
3874:
3857:
3853:
3843:
3839:
3831:
3829:
3827:
3821:
3819:
3813:
3811:
3805:
3803:
3790:
3783:
3779:
3773:
3767:
3763:
3757:
3751:
3747:
3746:present tense
3743:
3739:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3724:
3720:
3717:
3713:
3712:
3706:
3702:
3700:
3694:
3690:
3689:
3683:
3679:
3677:
3671:
3667:
3665:
3659:
3655:
3653:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3621:
3619:
3613:
3611:
3606:
3604:
3599:
3598:
3592:
3591:
3585:
3584:
3578:
3577:
3571:
3570:
3564:
3563:
3557:
3556:
3550:
3549:
3543:
3542:
3536:
3535:
3529:
3525:
3521:
3520:
3514:
3513:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3497:
3491:
3489:
3483:
3481:
3475:
3473:
3468:
3466:
3461:
3460:
3454:
3453:
3447:
3446:
3440:
3438:
3432:
3430:
3424:
3422:
3416:
3414:
3408:
3406:
3401:
3399:
3393:
3391:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3360:
3357:Polysyllables
3351:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3319:
3315:
3311:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3295:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3267:
3256:
3248:
3244:
3241:
3237:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3171:Monosyllables
3168:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3110:proparoxytone
3107:
3103:
3099:
3095:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3075:
3073:
3067:
3065:
3059:
3057:
3051:
3049:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3030:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2973:
2971:
2965:
2961:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2946:
2944:
2938:
2936:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2920:
2915:
2913:
2907:
2905:
2899:
2897:
2891:
2889:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2866:
2864:
2860:
2855:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2840:
2835:
2834:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2816:
2811:
2810:
2805:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2780:, as well as
2779:
2775:
2771:
2770:
2765:
2764:
2759:
2757:
2753:
2748:
2746:
2742:
2737:
2733:
2728:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2689:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2547:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2525:
2512:
2506:
2502:
2499:
2494:
2490:
2487:
2481:
2475:
2471:
2468:
2463:
2459:
2456:
2450:
2444:
2440:
2437:
2427:
2421:
2417:
2414:
2409:
2405:
2402:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2385:
2381:
2378:
2373:
2369:
2366:
2360:
2354:
2350:
2347:
2342:
2338:
2335:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2289:
2271:
2267:
2246:
2240:
2234:
2228:
2214:
2197:
2188:
2179:
2170:
2150:The digraphs
2136:
2128:
2123:
2120:
2114:
2106:
2101:
2098:
2092:
2087:
2084:
2078:
2073:
2070:
2064:
2056:
2051:
2048:
2038:
2030:
2025:
2022:
2016:
2011:
2008:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1975:
1951:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1919:Astur-Leonese
1916:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1865:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1831:
1826:
1823:
1816:
1811:
1808:
1800:
1799:
1794:
1790:
1770:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1697:/ˈdɐbliu/ or
1696:
1692:
1688:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1621:
1613:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1598:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1583:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1568:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1551:
1549:
1509:
1490:
1488:
1461:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1418:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1332:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1254:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1200:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1173:
1167:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1133:
1130:
1120:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1064:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1003:
1001:
998:
994:
991:
988:
985:
980:
975:
973:
970:
965:
963:
960:
956:
953:
950:
946:
943:
930:
921:
919:
915:
912:
907:
905:
902:
898:
894:
891:
888:
883:
878:
876:
873:
868:
866:
863:
859:
856:
853:
850:
845:
840:
838:
835:
830:
828:
825:
821:
818:
816:
812:
809:
803:
798:
796:
793:
788:
786:
783:
779:
776:
773:
770:
767:
764:
762:
759:
756:
754:
751:
747:
744:
741:
738:
733:
728:
726:
723:
718:
716:
713:
709:
706:
703:
700:
695:
690:
688:
685:
680:
678:
675:
671:
668:
665:
662:
655:
650:
648:
645:
640:
638:
635:
631:
628:
625:
621:
618:
609:
600:
598:
594:
591:
582:
580:
576:
573:
569:
566:
563:
560:
555:
550:
548:
545:
540:
538:
535:
531:
528:
526:
522:
518:
493:
484:
482:
478:
475:
470:
468:
465:
461:
458:
455:
451:
448:
442:
437:
435:
432:
427:
425:
422:
418:
415:
412:
408:
405:
396:
391:
389:
386:
381:
379:
376:
372:
369:
367:
364:
361:
355:
350:
348:
345:
340:
338:
335:
331:
328:
326:
322:
318:
309:
304:
302:
299:
294:
292:
289:
285:
281:
277:
274:
271:
267:
264:
263:
241:
238:
237:
236:
234:
229:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
194:
192:
187:
185:
171:
159:
155:
153:
149:
141:
139:
135:
131:
126:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
99:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
19:
9129:Massachusett
9093:Austronesian
8339:
8207:West Frisian
8113:Prepositions
8087:
7973:
7963:
7956:
7937:
7930:
7920:
7913:
7903:
7896:
7886:
7866:26 September
7864:. Retrieved
7860:
7833:the original
7828:
7824:
7798:
7785:
7773:. Retrieved
7769:the original
7764:
7755:
7743:. Retrieved
7734:
7725:
7715:
7708:
7699:
7695:
7689:
7680:
7671:
7662:
7653:
7644:
7641:"Acentuação"
7635:
7626:
7617:
7608:
7599:
7587:, retrieved
7583:the original
7578:
7573:
7567:
7550:
7546:
7512:
7432:
7426:
7420:
7406:
7399:
7392:
7380:
7373:
7366:
7345:
7327:
7309:
7291:
7276:
7269:
7262:
7244:
7229:
7222:
7207:
7200:
7191:translation
7169:
7136:with suffix
7105:
7082:followed by
7067:
7041:
7032:
7013:
6997:
6992:
6973:
6968:
6959:
6954:
6942:
6932:
6928:
6924:
6920:
6916:
6912:
6908:
6904:
6900:
6896:
6892:
6888:
6882:
6877:
6875:
6865:
6861:
6857:
6851:
6800:
6796:
6792:
6788:
6784:
6754:
6628:
6604:
6540:
6479:
6434:
6333:
6300:
6231:
6202:
6165:
6149:"glorious",
6116:
6103:
6093:
6083:
6070:
6068:"creature".
6062:
6052:
6042:
6026:Verbs whose
6025:
6017:
6007:
5997:
5976:
5961:
5952:
5937:Please help
5925:
5812:
5804:
5794:
5784:
5774:
5765:
5712:
5621:
5596:
5572:
5411:nasalization
5400:
5397:Nasalization
5159:
4936:grave accent
4933:
4894:
4871:
4869:
4840:vou à cidade
4834:vou a cidade
4831:"the (f.)" (
4815:between two
4805:grave accent
4802:
4794:nasal vowels
4787:
4778:
4741:
4730:
4683:
4654:postalveolar
4635:
4605:
4596:
4580:
4560:
4543:
4510:
4503:
4498:
4348:
4125:. The other
4109:
3849:
3840:
3837:
3825:
3823:
3817:
3815:
3809:
3807:
3801:
3799:
3797:
3788:
3781:
3777:
3761:
3749:
3748:of the verb
3741:
3730:
3726:
3722:
3715:
3710:
3708:
3704:
3698:
3696:
3692:
3687:
3685:
3681:
3675:
3673:
3669:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3640:or stressed
3637:
3624:
3623:
3617:
3615:
3609:
3608:
3602:
3601:
3596:
3594:
3589:
3587:
3582:
3580:
3575:
3573:
3568:
3566:
3561:
3559:
3554:
3552:
3547:
3545:
3540:
3538:
3533:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3518:
3516:
3511:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3495:
3493:
3487:
3485:
3479:
3477:
3471:
3470:
3464:
3463:
3458:
3456:
3451:
3449:
3444:
3442:
3436:
3434:
3428:
3426:
3420:
3418:
3412:
3410:
3404:
3403:
3397:
3395:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3379:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3362:The endings
3349:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3292:in Europe):
3281:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3254:
3246:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3208:
3204:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3174:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3118:
3091:
3079:
3077:
3071:
3069:
3063:
3061:
3055:
3053:
3047:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3031:
3026:
3022:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2984:
2977:
2975:
2969:
2967:
2957:
2955:
2950:
2948:
2942:
2940:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2925:acute accent
2918:
2917:
2911:
2909:
2903:
2901:
2895:
2893:
2887:
2885:
2884:mark, e.g.:
2882:grave accent
2877:
2873:
2870:grave accent
2867:
2862:
2858:
2856:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2838:
2837:
2832:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2814:
2813:
2808:
2807:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2792:
2786:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2768:
2767:
2762:
2761:
2755:
2751:
2750:
2744:
2740:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2729:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2693:grave accent
2690:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2660:("sister" +
2657:
2653:
2649:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2611:
2606:
2605:" can" with
2602:
2598:
2594:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2551:acute accent
2548:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2523:
2521:
2318:grave accent
2316:(ã, õ), and
2306:acute accent
2295:
2149:
1988:
1973:
1949:
1945:
1921:, including
1910:
1859:
1825:
1814:
1810:
1797:
1796:
1768:
1764:
1758:loaned words
1753:
1745:
1734:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:. See below.
1675:
1671:
1667:
1660:
1653:
1649:
1642:
1638:
1630:
1623:
1619:
1607:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1577:
1562:
1545:
1484:
1433:
1409:
1399:
1386:
1375:
1367:
1354:
1323:
1313:
1300:
1289:
1285:/ˈdupluˌve/
1284:
1278:
1264:
1245:
1235:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1191:
1178:
1174:
1158:
1148:
1135:
1131:
1111:
1101:
1087:
1083:
1055:
1041:
1037:
1024:
1009:
999:
986:
971:
961:
948:
944:
917:
913:
903:
889:
874:
864:
851:
836:
826:
814:
810:
794:
784:
771:
760:
752:
739:
724:
714:
701:
686:
676:
663:
646:
636:
623:
619:
596:
592:
578:
574:
561:
546:
536:
524:
520:
480:
476:
466:
453:
449:
433:
423:
410:
406:
387:
377:
366:
362:
346:
336:
324:
320:
300:
290:
230:
213:
209:
205:
201:
195:
190:
188:
181:
164:and ⟨
146:
127:
123:inflectional
100:
84:vowel height
72:grave accent
64:acute accent
55:
54:
41:acute accent
29:
9201:Constructed
8960:Niger–Congo
8900:Afroasiatic
8758:Azerbaijani
8691:orthography
8456:orthography
8441:orthography
8200:orthography
8103:Determiners
8083:Phonologies
7745:12 November
7681:www.flip.pt
7362:Diacritics
7179:Convention
6921:matá-lo-ias
6909:não o quero
6797:ex-ce(p)-to
6755:Portuguese
6489:the letter
6444:the letter
6351:the letter
5622:The letter
5424:Diphthongs
4855:represents
4847:represents
4478:jogo, jipe,
4402:ss, ç, c, x
3670:in-clu-í-do
3121:accent mark
2715:"at that",
2312:(â, ê, ô),
1948:The letter
1864:nasal vowel
1849:neutralized
1635:approximant
1383:/i/ or /j/
1283:/ˈdɐbliu/,
1080:~ /h/, /ɽ/
138:orthography
109:, but some
105:is largely
37:Typewritten
9224:Categories
9191:Papiamento
9078:Vietnamese
9045:East Asian
8682:Hungarian
8591:Hindustani
8563:Indo-Aryan
8428:Macedonian
8396:Belarusian
8378:Lithuanian
8340:Portuguese
8098:Adjectives
7950:References
7321:direction
7216:anonymous
7151:comummente
6848:Apostrophe
6789:pro-ces-so
6724:'Zeitgeist
6415:preceding
6399:, or from
5882:homenzinho
5833:diphthongs
5637:comummente
5192:homographs
5156:Diphthongs
4872:unstressed
4784:Diacritics
4674:utterances
4142:fricatives
3822:, Spanish
3806:, Spanish
3114:antepenult
3102:paroxytone
2774:unstandard
2730:Sometimes
2664:suffix) =
2662:diminutive
2609:" could".
2601:"to put",
2597:"by" with
2591:homographs
2298:diacritics
2292:Diacritics
2288:, above.)
2182:/sĩˈkʷẽtɐ/
1896:allophonic
1612:affricated
1582:Mozambique
1567:Mozambique
1548:media help
1537:/ˈipsɨlɔn/
1487:media help
1380:/ˈipsilõ/
1294:/ˈdabliu/
249:Brazilian
228:variants.
222:allophones
119:morphology
103:Portuguese
98:purposes.
78:, and the
9209:Esperanto
9158:Inuktitut
9068:Mongolian
9011:Malayalam
8988:Dravidian
8718:Mordvinic
8603:Maldivian
8503:Ukrainian
8418:Bulgarian
8300:Aromanian
8187:Norwegian
8182:Icelandic
8152:Afrikaans
7765:ePortugal
7527:Citations
7339:electric
7336:elétrico
7333:elétrico
7163:comumente
7154:) become
7145:ruimmente
7027:Lusophone
6933:bebê-la-á
6829:collation
6801:ex-su-dar
6696:Zeitgeist
6579:compounds
6143:"glory",
6129:and some
5926:does not
5853:. Final -
5643:comumente
5491:-em, -êm
5435:Grapheme
5429:Grapheme
5345:Grapheme
5339:Grapheme
5231:Grapheme
5225:Grapheme
5162:diphthong
4958:Grapheme
4947:sangùíneo
4928:sangüíneo
4384:Examples
4381:Spelling
4378:Examples
4375:Spelling
4372:Examples
4369:Spelling
4345:Sibilants
4223:Examples
4220:Spelling
4217:Examples
4214:Spelling
4211:Examples
4208:Spelling
4205:Examples
4202:Spelling
4056:cinquenta
4016:cotidiano
3911:Examples
3908:Spelling
3905:Examples
3902:Spelling
3766:preterite
3705:sa-ir-mos
3433:(verbs),
3203:The verb
3034:diaeresis
2921:nicamente
2914:priamente
2906:ticamente
2898:ricamente
2778:dialectal
2666:irmãzinha
2652:"organ",
2630:romãzeira
2328:Grapheme
2233:cinqüenta
2178:cinquenta
2158:, before
2001:Grapheme
1931:Aragonese
1927:Castilian
1923:Mirandese
1830:sibilants
1813:A single
1793:São Paulo
1750:voiceless
1739:Vocalized
1626:), in BP.
1618:(spelled
1533:/ˈdɐbliu/
1171:~ or
446:~ or
252:Phonemic
246:European
233:masculine
226:dialectal
218:semicolon
115:etymology
96:collation
88:diaeresis
9153:Cherokee
9106:Hawaiian
9101:Filipino
9034:Okinawan
9029:Japanese
8938:Biblical
8912:Aramaic
8890:Georgian
8867:European
8708:Livonian
8698:Karelian
8686:alphabet
8673:Estonian
8646:Armenian
8641:Albanian
8586:Gurmukhi
8581:Gujarati
8463:Silesian
8451:alphabet
8447:Russian
8436:alphabet
8350:Sicilian
8345:Romanian
8333:alphabet
8195:alphabet
8191:Swedish
8144:Germanic
8118:Pronouns
8093:Grammars
8028:Archived
7739:Archived
7445:See also
7438:January
7386:penguin
7357:optimal
7318:direção
7315:direção
7157:ruimente
7123:connosco
6913:matarias
6833:spelling
6739:/aˈzuki/
6387:(before
6379:(before
6193:, as in
6183:, as in
6146:glorioso
6135:cognates
6127:Germanic
5955:May 2024
5613:parabéns
5589:parabéns
5194:such as
5177:(), the
4903:between
4883:paìsagem
4877:saìmento
4825:"a" and
4698:stressed
4642:alveolar
4451:zumbido,
4412:s, x,, z
4355:Phoneme
4185:Phoneme
4169:idiolect
4062:aquífero
4049:adequado
3999:averigue
3986:averigua
3966:unguento
3942:guitarra
3887:Default
3884:Phoneme
3856:palatals
3682:sa-ís-te
3658:ra-í-zes
3648:. Thus,
3634:hiatuses
2980:neamente
2974: ›
2954: ›
2945:velmente
2939: ›
2890:velmente
2646:compound
2559:stressed
2553:and the
2530:(from a
2200:/saˈɡʷi/
2173:/ˈkɛbɾɐ/
1991:digraphs
1985:Digraphs
1915:Galician
1898:in some
1699:duplo vê
1128:, ~
757:/ˈkapɐ/
257:Example
198:syllable
162:/ /
158:Help:IPA
134:spelling
111:phonemes
107:phonemic
9163:Nahuatl
9053:Chinese
9021:Japonic
9006:Kannada
8945:Maltese
8916:Aramaic
8808:Turkmen
8803:Turkish
8768:Crimean
8763:Bashkir
8678:Finnish
8615:Marathi
8571:Bengali
8548:Persian
8538:Kurdish
8533:Avestan
8525:Iranian
8498:Sorbian
8493:Slovene
8432:Polish
8373:Latvian
8355:Spanish
8320:Italian
8305:Catalan
8292:Romance
8235:Cornish
8212:Yiddish
8172:Faroese
8167:English
8070:of the
7775:20 June
7589:29 July
7435:aneiro
7429:aneiro
7423:aneiro
7412:flight
7303:action
7129:conosco
6893:levaria
6889:quero-o
6854:elision
6734:tsunami
6702:tsunami
6575:oxytone
6224:before
6199:"when".
6152:herança
6125:, some
5947:removed
5932:sources
5900:Benfica
5897:), and
5864:bendito
5850:-en(t)-
5210:/sɐˈiɐ/
5203:() and
5201:/ˈsaiɐ/
5188:/sɐˈiu/
5175:/ˈsaiu/
4941:líqùido
4922:líqüido
4746:sozinho
4728:in EP.
4638:accents
4573:próximo
4547:before
4535:before
4488:agenda
4462:s, x, z
4456:s, z, x
4409:próximo
4106:Rhotics
3890:Before
3792:/ˈamuʃ/
3785:/ˈɐmuʃ/
3752:, with
3672:), and
3108:), and
3098:oxytone
3042:güi/qüi
3038:güe/qüe
2638:vãmente
2302:cedilla
2266:Occitan
2191:/ˈɡɛʁɐ/
1935:Catalan
1715:ípsilon
1711:i grego
1707:ípsilon
1586:e-caduc
1571:e-caduc
1376:ípsilon
730:/ˈʒɔtɐ/
720:/ˈʒɔtɐ/
254:values
243:Letter
150:in the
80:cedilla
9178:Creole
9143:other
9134:Ojibwe
9063:Korean
9057:Dungan
9043:other
9001:Telugu
8950:Somali
8933:Hebrew
8921:Syriac
8908:Arabic
8885:Dargwa
8880:Basque
8875:Abkhaz
8865:other
8851:Manchu
8846:Evenki
8813:Uyghur
8788:Kyrgyz
8783:Khakas
8778:Kazakh
8773:Gagauz
8750:Turkic
8740:Udmurt
8728:Erzyan
8723:Moksha
8665:Uralic
8625:Romani
8608:Thaana
8576:Chakma
8543:Pashto
8488:Slovak
8388:Slavic
8365:Baltic
8324:Latin
8310:French
8230:Breton
8222:Celtic
8177:German
8157:Danish
7861:dre.pt
7354:ótimo
7351:ótimo
7330:trico
7238:Venus
7139:-mente
6925:beberá
6872:Hyphen
6866:d'água
6823:, and
6793:car-ro
6744:adzuki
6714:adzuki
6383:) and
6293:, and
6273:, and
6239:silent
6196:quando
6140:glória
6131:Arabic
6119:Celtic
5838:la-ant
5828:en(+s)
5738:muitas
5732:muitos
5353:ãe, ãi
5334:Nasal
5301:oi, ói
5294:eu, éu
5288:ei, éi
5269:eu, êu
5263:ei, êi
5256:au, áu
5251:ai, ái
5166:hiatus
4889:saùdar
4813:crasis
4773:banana
4759:Veneno
4752:elogio
4735:elogio
4680:Vowels
4670:voiced
4567:trouxe
4517:psique
4254:guelra
4127:rhotic
4083:acuado
4026:quente
3993:Guiana
3936:guerra
3760:) and
3707:) and
3338:lho(s)
3306:lha(s)
3286:clitic
3157:amável
3151:as in
3149:hiatus
3106:penult
3094:stress
3088:Stress
2976:simult
2968:simult
2878:-mente
2842:(from
2830:) and
2818:(from
2713:àquela
2709:aquela
2697:crasis
2658:-zinha
2618:cãibra
2585:, and
2573:, and
2563:height
2300:: the
2227:quebra
2187:guerra
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278:Name (
268:Name (
166:
74:, the
70:, the
66:, the
47:, and
9168:Osage
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9083:Nivkh
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7857:(PDF)
7836:(PDF)
7827:[
7821:(PDF)
7795:(PDF)
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4161:[
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4157:]
4153:[
4149:]
4145:[
4138:]
4134:[
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4097:cueca
3972:sagui
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3770:[
3758:]
3754:[
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154:(IPA)
117:with
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8968:Fula
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8620:Odia
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7868:2023
7777:2023
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7591:2018
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7379:ping
7372:ping
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7312:ção
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6669:(or
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6483:vs.
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6304:vs.
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5498:/ẽĩ/
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4911:and
4895:The
4803:The
4768:/ɐ̃/
4743:is,
4570:and
4504:ique
4483:j, g
4475:j, g
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4311:caro
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4070:/ku/
4040:/kʷ/
4032:aqui
3980:/ɡu/
3950:/ɡʷ/
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3620:veis
3576:sais
3526:and
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3294:a(s)
3282:à(s)
3278:a(s)
3226:and
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3040:and
3013:and
2997:and
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2766:and
2749:and
2734:and
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1687:capa
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1415:/ze/
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1389:eti
1357:ale
1350:/gz/
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1267:aca
1251:/ve/
1241:/ve/
1164:/te/
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1056:erre
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1015:/ke/
1005:/ke/
989:ato
977:/pe/
967:/pe/
854:ala
774:iwi
768:/k/
753:cápa
725:jota
715:jota
606:/ɡe/
602:/ʒe/
588:/ɡe/
584:/ʒe/
564:ala
515:/ɐi/
456:iva
439:/de/
429:/de/
413:iso
393:/se/
383:/se/
352:/be/
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8978:Vai
7799:IRN
7555:doi
7383:im
7376:im
7369:im
7326:elé
7279:ia
7272:ia
7265:ia
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7078:or
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6897:vos
6685:/ʒ/
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6667:/ʃ/
6643:/ʃ/
6607:/ʃ/
6589:(+
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5879:),
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5825:, -
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5744:mui
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5630:or
5517:/ĩ/
5500:()
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5316:iu
5291:,
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4857:/a/
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1978:/ʃ/
1966:/s/
1962:/z/
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1430:~
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1324:xis
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1093:,
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909:/ɔ/
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