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orderlies – who is I believe a
Peshawari and a Syed. During the night in this way we sent away seven or eight bodies in lorries. Some of them had no relatives and arrangements were made to pay for a mullah and to carry through the obsequies with all regard to religious rites. The next day Qazi Mohd Aslam came to see me and said that he was making himself unpopular by assisting in the matter. He gave me to understand that he could do no more. I fancy that the association of these four men with the action taken will put an end to any attempt to make capital of the incident.″
271:
speed, killing several people. It is claimed that the crowd continued their commitment to non-violence, offering to disperse if they could gather their dead and injured, and if the
British Indian Army left the square. The BIA refused to leave, so the protesters remained with the dead and injured. At that point, the BIA officers present ordered their troops to open fire with machine guns on the unarmed crowd. The Khudai Khidmatgar members willingly faced bullets, responding without violence. Instead, many members repeated "God is great"(اللہُ اکبر) and clutched the
969:
291:, refused to board buses that were to take them into Peshawar for anti-riot duty. A British civil servant wrote later that "hardly any regiment of the Indian Army won greater glory in the Great War (World War I) than the Garhwal Rifles, and the defection of part of the regiment sent shock waves through India, of apprehension to some, of exultation to others." The NCOs of the two platoons, including one led by Hawaldar Major Chandra Singh Garhwali, involved were sentenced to terms of up to eight years imprisonment.
354:″I received a note on 23rd April evening from Sir Norman Bolton asking me to do what I could to arrange for the burial of as many of the casualties as possible during the night, in order to avoid the danger of a fresh riot occurring over the funeral procession. I spoke to R.S. Mehr Chand Khanna and asked him to bring me some of the leading Khilafists at the Municipal Library. He brought M. Abdurrab Nishtar; M. Ataullah Jan, Municipal Commissioner; M. Aurangzeb Khan, Vakil; Qazi Mohd Aslam, Vakil.
279:
55:
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247:, were a group of Muslims committed to the removal of British colonial rule through non-violent methods. On 23 April 1930, Ghaffar Khan was arrested after giving a speech in Utmanzai urging resistance to British colonial rule. Ghaffar Khan's reputation for uncompromising integrity and commitment to non-violence inspired most of the local townspeople to take the oath of membership and join the
315:, which represents the official view, itself wrote to the effect that the people came forward one after another to face the firing and when they fell wounded they were dragged back and others came forward to be shot at. This state of things continued from 11 till 5 o'clock in the evening. When the number of corpses became too many, the ambulance cars of the government took them away.
306:
When those in front fell down wounded by the shots, those behind came forward with their chests bared and exposed themselves to the fire, so much so that some people got as many as twenty-one bullet wounds in their bodies, and all the people stood their ground without getting into a panic. . . . The
270:
leaders were arrested, a large crowd of the group gathered at the Qissa Khwani bazaar. As troops of the
British Indian Army (BIA) moved into the bazaar, the crowd was loud and stones were thrown. A BIA dispatch rider was killed and his body burned. Two BIA armored cars drove into the square at high
357:
I informed these persons what was required and asked for their co-operation as peace-loving citizens and good
Muslims. They agreed to do what they could and asked me to arrange for lorries, saying they would persuade the relatives to agree. I arranged for lorries through Shahji – one of C.C.’s
226:
Contemporary estimates put the death toll between the official count of 20 and the figure of 400 put forth by
Pakistani and Indian sources. The shooting of unarmed people triggered protests across British India and catapulted the newly formed Khudai Khidmatgar movement into prominence.
332:. Ghaffar Khan later wrote that this was because the British colonial government thought a non-violent Pashtun was more dangerous than a violent one; claiming that this led them to repeatedly provoke the movement into becoming violent, with little effect.
349:
Olaf Caroe, then secretary to the Chief
Commissioner, gave the following report of the event ("Public and Judicial Department. Civil Disobedience Campaign in NWFP. Response to Patel allegations". British Library reference number L/PJ/6/2007):
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The exact number of deaths remains controversial— official figures give 20 dead while nationalist sources claimed several hundred were killed, with many more wounded. Two platoons of a respected
British Indian Army regiment, the
339:(Emperor of India) launching a legal investigation into this matter. The British Commission brought the case forward to Chief Justice Naimatullah Chaudhry, a distinguished Judge of the Lucknow protectorate.
32:
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Simultaneous demonstrations were led by a cross section of civil society in and around
Peshawar, led by Maulana Abdur Rahim Popalzai against discriminatory laws like the
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559:"Civil Disobedience 1930-31". Social Scientist (September – October 1997) (Social Scientist, Vol. 25, No. 9/10) 25 (9–10): pp. 43–66.
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Johansen, Robert C. (1997). "Radical Islam and
Nonviolence: A Case Study of Religious Empowerment and Constraint Among Pashtuns".
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Naimatullah Chaudhry. Naimatullah personally surveyed the area of
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The massacre created numerous instances of unrest throughout British India. This resulted in
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644:. Working Committee of the Indian National Congress. Bombay: Government Press (1930)
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and published a 200-page report criticizing the actions of the British Indian Army.
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and demonstrators in the city belonging to Abdul Ghaffar Khan's non-violent
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223:(servants of God) movement against the British colonial government.
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The leaders of the Muslim League, 1940. Jinnah is seated at centre.
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British Indian Army soldiers in Peshawar during the demonstrations
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experienced some of the most extreme crackdowns against the
59:
British Indian troops in Peshawar during the demonstrations
651:(September–October 1997). "Civil Disobedience 1930-31".
456:. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd. p. 6.
16:
Event during the independence movement in British India
143:
20 demonstrators killed according to official reports
641:
Indian National Congress Peshawar Enquiry Committee
368:Massacre of Indian civilians by British Colonisers
146:
400 demonstrators killed according to local sources
445:
215:It was the first major confrontation between the
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1900:
1659:Now or Never; Are We to Live or Perish Forever?
1886:
731:
533:"Riots in Peshawar, 1930 (NAM. 1977-02-39-2)"
44:
427:"Peshawar: Qissa Khwani martyrs remembered"
2401:Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
1893:
1879:
738:
724:
679:Popalzai, Dr Abdul Jalil (24 April 2004).
518:
516:
514:
512:
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324:In Peshawar and the surrounding area, the
53:
3364:Massacres committed by the United Kingdom
429:. Dawn.com. 24 April 2008. Archived from
686:
277:
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555:
553:
507:
501:"Qissa Khwani's tale of tear and blood"
478:"Massacre at Qissa Khwani Bazaar, 1930"
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1624:Jinnah: India, Partition, Independence
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421:
419:
294:The violence continued for six hours.
210:independence movement in British India
3374:Political repression in British India
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745:
719:
647:
585:
451:
3404:20th-century mass murder in Pakistan
1631:Notes on Afghanistan and Baluchistan
550:
258:against the people of the province.
416:
302:, describes the scene on that day:
196:) on 23 April 1930 was an armoured
173:
45:
13:
3349:20th century in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
967:
958:
949:
633:
14:
3415:
2095:Muslim nationalism in South Asia
871:Muslim nationalism in South Asia
683:. Last accessed 26 February 2008
454:Persons, Passions & Politics
3379:Massacres of protesters in Asia
2335:Provisional Government of India
1666:Causes of Indian Mutiny of 1857
604:
590:. Macmillan. pp. 451–452.
1480:Mohammad Abdul Ghafoor Hazarvi
579:
570:
525:
499:Sarwar, Kazi (20 April 2002).
492:
470:
1:
1591:Muhammad Ibrahim Mir Sialkoti
1485:Muhammad Karam Shah al-Azhari
409:
377:Munshiganj Raebareli massacre
298:, who has written a study of
230:
3334:Indian independence movement
2944:Muhammad Mian Mansoor Ansari
2220:Chauri Chaura incident, 1922
1902:Indian independence movement
1638:Pakistan: A Personal History
1378:Iftikhar Hussain Khan Mamdot
1163:Baba-e-Urdu Maulvi Abdul Haq
330:Indian independence movement
319:
182:North-West Frontier Province
73:North-West Frontier Province
46:د قصه خوانۍ بازار خونړۍ پېښه
42:Qissa Khwani Bazaar massacre
7:
3134:Virendranath Chattopadhyaya
2521:Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty
701:10.1177/0022343397034001005
362:
174:د قصه خوانۍ بازار خوڼۍ پېښه
10:
3420:
3354:Massacres in British India
2869:Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi
2421:Indian Independence League
2138:Partition of Bengal (1947)
2133:Partition of Bengal (1905)
1576:Abdul Hamid Qadri Badayuni
1541:Amir Habibullah Khan Saadi
1424:Muhammad Abdul Qayyum Khan
1223:Nawab Mohammad Ismail Khan
1148:Nawab Waqar-ul-Mulk Kamboh
261:
256:Frontier Crimes Regulation
241:Helpers in the name of God
3260:
3159:
3044:Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi
2844:Inayatullah Khan Mashriqi
2664:
2541:Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
2461:
2416:Indian Home Rule movement
2358:
2255:Fourteen Points of Jinnah
2195:Jallianwala Bagh massacre
2123:
2060:
1908:
1743:
1675:
1606:
1571:Amir Abdullah Khan Rokhri
1298:
1228:Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy
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979:
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831:Fourteen Points of Jinnah
766:
753:
689:Journal of Peace Research
372:Jallianwala Bagh massacre
152:
137:
125:
112:
94:
64:
52:
41:
3283:Indian annexation of Goa
3129:Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
2641:Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
2406:Indian National Congress
2205:Non-cooperation movement
1652:Pakistan: A Hard Country
1645:The Myth of Independence
1258:Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
1253:Mohammad Amir Ahmed Khan
972:State emblem of Pakistan
931:Constitution of Pakistan
781:Indian Rebellion of 1857
611:Shamsie, Kamila (2014).
452:Yunus, Mohammed (1980).
204:of the unarmed civilian
3369:Mass murder in Peshawar
3288:Indian Independence Act
2874:Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
2849:Jatindra Mohan Sengupta
2819:Dukkipati Nageswara Rao
2556:Kandukuri Veeresalingam
2536:Gopaldas Ambaidas Desai
2371:All-India Muslim League
2325:Royal Air Force strikes
2290:Round table conferences
2280:Chittagong armoury raid
2170:Hindu–German Conspiracy
2153:Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy
1923:Porto Grande de Bengala
1561:Abdul Sattar Khan Niazi
1469:Ishtiaq Hussain Qureshi
1338:Muhammad Shafi Deobandi
1268:Ra'ana Liaquat Ali Khan
1203:Raja Ghazanfar Ali Khan
881:Indian Independence Act
856:Round Table Conferences
760:timeline: 1947–present)
576:The Times 28 April 1930
567:. Retrieved 2007-12-03.
245:Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
28:Infobox civilian attack
20:
3074:Syama Prasad Mukherjee
2979:Purushottam Das Tandon
2345:Praja Mandala movement
2159:The Indian Sociologist
1581:Sardar Aurang Zeb Khan
1516:Muhammad Ismail Zabeeh
1449:Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum
1439:Sheikh Sir Abdul Qadir
1178:Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman
1024:Philosophical Congress
973:
964:
955:
615:. London: Bloomsbury.
586:Mason, Philip (1986).
402:Vidurashwatha massacre
360:
317:
283:
198:vehicle-ramming attack
100:; 94 years ago
33:considered for merging
3399:1930 murders in India
3389:1930 in British India
3359:Massacres in Pakistan
3298:Political integration
3039:Shyamji Krishna Varma
2824:Gopal Krishna Gokhale
2769:Bhupendra Kumar Datta
2601:Rettamalai Srinivasan
2561:Mahadev Govind Ranade
2366:All India Kisan Sabha
2330:Coup d'état of Yanaon
2230:Qissa Khwani massacre
2215:Coolie-Begar movement
2030:Second Anglo-Sikh War
1492:(Pir of Manki Sharif)
1454:Jalaludin Abdur Rahim
1419:Chaudhry Ghulam Abbas
1414:Hakeem Mohammad Saeed
1403:Abu Bakr Ahmad Haleem
1373:Shahnawaz Khan Mamdot
1133:Sadeq Mohammad Khan V
971:
962:
953:
901:Objectives Resolution
841:Now or Never pamphlet
352:
304:
300:nonviolent resistance
281:
166:Qissa Khwani massacre
3124:Veeran Sundaralingam
3079:Tara Rani Srivastava
3014:Sahajanand Saraswati
2904:Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi
2789:Chandra Shekhar Azad
2694:Alluri Sitarama Raju
2651:Vitthal Ramji Shinde
2606:Sahajanand Saraswati
2526:Gopal Ganesh Agarkar
2426:Indian National Army
2270:Dharasana Satyagraha
2175:Champaran Satyagraha
2025:First Anglo-Sikh War
1511:Lady Abdullah Haroon
1278:Shabbir Ahmad Usmani
1233:Jogendra Nath Mandal
1183:Choudhary Rahmat Ali
613:A God in Every Stone
537:National Army Museum
289:Royal Garhwal Rifles
3109:V. K. Krishna Menon
3054:Subhas Chandra Bose
2939:Muhammad Ali Jinnah
2934:Mohammad Ali Jauhar
2829:Govind Ballabh Pant
2809:Dayananda Saraswati
2734:Bal Gangadhar Tilak
2531:Gopal Hari Deshmukh
2511:Dhondo Keshav Karve
2506:Dayananda Saraswati
2501:Bal Gangadhar Tilak
2476:A. Vaidyanatha Iyer
1989:Anglo-Maratha Wars
1556:Fatima Sughra Begum
1429:Sardar Ibrahim Khan
1383:Sikandar Hayat Khan
1333:Adamjee Haji Dawood
1213:Ghulam Bhik Nairang
1138:Mian Muhammad Shafi
1118:Muhammad Ali Jinnah
1103:Maulana Shaukat Ali
1098:Mohammad Ali Jauhar
1019:Renaissance Society
1009:Student Federations
806:Partition of Bengal
756:History of Pakistan
503:. Statesman.com.pk.
387:Spin Tangi massacre
275:as they were shot.
217:British Indian Army
157:British Indian Army
3293:Partition of India
3139:Yashwantrao Holkar
3104:V. O. Chidamabaram
3059:Subramania Bharati
2989:Rahul Sankrityayan
2974:Pritilata Waddedar
2884:Shri Krishna Singh
2784:C. Rajagopalachari
2774:Bidhan Chandra Roy
2759:Bhavabhushan Mitra
2744:Begum Hazrat Mahal
2699:Annapurna Maharana
2571:Muthulakshmi Reddy
2516:G. Subramania Iyer
2210:Christmas Day Plot
2085:Indian nationalism
2035:Sannyasi rebellion
1933:East India Company
1566:Viqar-un-Nisa Noon
1526:Naseer Ahmad Malhi
1506:Jahanara Shahnawaz
1434:Fida Mohammad Khan
1409:Ghulam Rasool Mehr
1388:Shaukat Hayat Khan
1368:Mian Iftikharuddin
1343:Zafar Ahmad Usmani
1243:Khawaja Nazimuddin
1089:(Nawab Salimullah)
974:
965:
956:
911:Pakistani monarchy
886:Partition of India
776:East India Company
588:A Matter of Honour
397:Vellaloor massacre
284:
190:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
98:23 April 1930
83:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
3394:April 1930 events
3344:Conflicts in 1930
3339:Pakistan Movement
3329:Massacres in 1930
3311:
3310:
3278:Republic of India
3114:Vallabhbhai Patel
3099:Ubaidullah Sindhi
2999:Ram Prasad Bismil
2894:M. Bhaktavatsalam
2854:Jatindra Nath Das
2779:Bipin Chandra Pal
2714:Babu Kunwar Singh
2684:Achyut Patwardhan
2441:Khudai Khidmatgar
2285:Gandhi–Irwin Pact
2225:Kakori conspiracy
2185:Rowlatt Committee
2148:Direct Action Day
2110:Swadeshi movement
2090:Khilafat Movement
2080:Hindu nationalism
2040:Rebellion of 1857
1963:Anglo-Mysore Wars
1953:Battle of Plassey
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1867:
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1846:
1832:
1818:
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1776:
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1725:Deena Public Hall
1695:Pakistan Monument
1551:Sharif al Mujahid
1501:Hafeez Jalandhari
1273:Ashraf Ali Thanwi
1263:Qazi Mohammad Isa
1208:Jafar Khan Jamali
1173:Abdur Rab Nishtar
1168:Abdul Qayyum Khan
1143:Mian Abdul Rashid
1087:Khwaja Salimullah
866:Direct Action Day
861:Lahore Resolution
851:Two nation theory
836:Allahabad Address
816:Khilafat Movement
786:Deobandi Movement
747:Pakistan Movement
597:978-0-333-41837-6
326:Khudai Khidmatgar
268:Khudai Khidmatgar
249:Khudai Khidmatgar
237:Khudai Khidmatgar
221:Khudai Khidmatgar
162:
161:
118:Khudai Khidmatgar
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3303:Simla Conference
3094:Tiruppur Kumaran
3064:Subramaniya Siva
3019:Sangolli Rayanna
3009:Rash Behari Bose
2949:Nagnath Naikwadi
2859:Jawaharlal Nehru
2804:Dadabhai Naoroji
2799:Chittaranjan Das
2689:A. K. Fazlul Huq
2611:Savitribai Phule
2436:Khaksar movement
2391:Berlin Committee
2376:Anushilan Samiti
2340:Independence Day
2300:Aundh Experiment
2275:Vedaranyam March
2180:Kheda Satyagraha
2165:Singapore Mutiny
1948:Portuguese India
1895:
1888:
1881:
1872:
1871:
1854:
1840:
1826:
1812:
1798:
1784:
1770:
1756:
1720:National Library
1705:Ziarat Residency
1685:Minar-e-Pakistan
1617:Idea of Pakistan
1546:Habib Rahimtoola
1531:Ahmed Saeed Nagi
1353:Malik Barkat Ali
1348:Ahmed Ali Lahori
1188:A. K. Fazlul Huq
1158:Bahadur Yar Jung
1128:Liaquat Ali Khan
1108:Hakim Ajmal Khan
963:Flag of Pakistan
941:Protestant Islam
936:British heritage
926:National symbols
921:Kashmir conflict
821:Shuddhi movement
796:Aligarh Movement
791:Barelvi Movement
740:
733:
726:
717:
716:
712:
676:
653:Social Scientist
627:
626:
608:
602:
601:
583:
577:
574:
568:
557:
548:
547:
545:
543:
529:
523:
522:Johansen, p. 62.
520:
505:
504:
496:
490:
489:
487:
485:
474:
468:
467:
449:
443:
442:
440:
438:
433:on 10 April 2018
423:
382:Salanga massacre
206:freedom fighters
175:
108:
106:
101:
90:
57:
48:
47:
39:
38:
36:
3419:
3418:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3409:
3408:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3307:
3268:Cabinet Mission
3256:
3160:British leaders
3155:
3144:Yogendra Shukla
3049:Siraj ud-Daulah
3004:Rani Lakshmibai
2994:Rajendra Prasad
2984:R. Venkataraman
2929:Mithuben Petit
2909:Mahadaji Shinde
2889:Lala Lajpat Rai
2724:Bahadur Shah II
2709:Ashfaqulla Khan
2679:Accamma Cherian
2674:Abul Kalam Azad
2666:
2660:
2631:Syed Ahmad Khan
2621:Sister Nivedita
2586:Pandita Ramabai
2581:Niralamba Swami
2546:J. B. Kripalani
2471:Ashfaqulla Khan
2463:
2457:
2396:Ghadar Movement
2354:
2235:Flag Satyagraha
2143:Revolutionaries
2125:
2119:
2062:
2056:
1958:Battle of Buxar
1904:
1899:
1869:
1864:
1754:Youm-e-Pakistan
1739:
1735:Jinnah Terminal
1671:
1602:
1586:Abdullah Ropari
1490:Amin ul-Hasanat
1313:Abdullah Haroon
1294:
1193:Jamaat Ali Shah
1077:Syed Ahmad Khan
1062:
975:
966:
957:
945:
876:Cabinet Mission
762:
749:
744:
681:The KhyberWatch
665:10.2307/3517680
659:(9–10): 43–66.
636:
634:Further reading
631:
630:
623:
609:
605:
598:
584:
580:
575:
571:
565:10.2307/3517680
558:
551:
541:
539:
531:
530:
526:
521:
508:
497:
493:
483:
481:
480:. 28 April 2017
476:
475:
471:
464:
450:
446:
436:
434:
425:
424:
417:
412:
392:Takkar massacre
365:
322:
264:
233:
128:
104:
102:
99:
80:
79:
60:
43:
37:
21:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3417:
3407:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3264:
3262:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3163:
3161:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3084:Tarak Nath Das
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3034:Shuja-ud-Daula
3031:
3026:
3024:Sarojini Naidu
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2969:Prafulla Chaki
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2914:Mahatma Gandhi
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2670:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2636:Vakkom Moulavi
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2566:Mahatma Gandhi
2563:
2558:
2553:
2551:Jyotirao Phule
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2491:B. R. Ambedkar
2488:
2483:
2481:Ayya Vaikundar
2478:
2473:
2467:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2362:
2360:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2310:Cripps Mission
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2200:Noakhali riots
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2129:
2127:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2066:
2064:
2063:and ideologies
2058:
2057:
2055:
2054:
2047:
2045:Radcliffe Line
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2020:Vellore Mutiny
2017:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1914:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1898:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1875:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1862:
1852:Youm-e-Viladat
1848:
1834:
1820:
1806:
1792:
1778:
1764:
1749:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1690:Bab-e-Pakistan
1687:
1681:
1679:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1669:
1662:
1655:
1648:
1641:
1634:
1627:
1620:
1612:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1600:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1496:Syed Wajid Ali
1493:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1405:
1400:
1398:Ziauddin Ahmad
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1323:Mahmoud Haroon
1320:
1315:
1310:
1304:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1292:
1285:
1283:Zafar Ali Khan
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1238:K. H. Khurshid
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1153:Mohsin-ul-Mulk
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1113:Muhammad Iqbal
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1093:Syed Ameer Ali
1090:
1084:
1079:
1072:
1070:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1060:
1053:
1046:
1038:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
1000:
999:
994:
983:
981:
977:
976:
948:
946:
944:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
891:Radcliffe Line
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
772:
770:
764:
763:
754:
751:
750:
743:
742:
735:
728:
720:
714:
713:
684:
677:
645:
635:
632:
629:
628:
622:978-1408847206
621:
603:
596:
578:
569:
549:
524:
506:
491:
469:
462:
444:
414:
413:
411:
408:
407:
406:
405:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
379:
374:
364:
361:
337:King George VI
321:
318:
263:
260:
232:
229:
160:
159:
154:
150:
149:
148:
147:
144:
139:
135:
134:
129:
126:
123:
122:
114:
110:
109:
96:
92:
91:
66:
62:
61:
58:
50:
49:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3416:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3384:1930 in India
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3324:1930 protests
3322:
3321:
3319:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3259:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3158:
3152:
3151:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3029:Satyapal Dang
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2954:Nana Fadnavis
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2919:Mangal Pandey
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2879:Khudiram Bose
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2794:Chetram Jatav
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2764:Bhikaiji Cama
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2754:Bharathidasan
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2739:Basawon Singh
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2663:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2626:Sri Aurobindo
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2596:Ram Mohan Roy
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2576:Narayana Guru
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2359:Organisations
2357:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2320:Bombay Mutiny
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2305:Indian Legion
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2245:1928 Protests
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2190:Rowlatt Bills
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2122:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1896:
1891:
1889:
1884:
1882:
1877:
1876:
1873:
1861:
1858:
1853:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1839:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1825:
1824:Youm-e-Tasees
1821:
1819:
1816:
1811:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1797:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1783:
1782:Youm-e-Takbir
1779:
1777:
1774:
1769:
1768:Youm-e-Dastur
1765:
1763:
1760:
1755:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1742:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1715:Wazir Mansion
1713:
1711:
1708:
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1700:Mazar-e-Quaid
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980:Organisations
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801:Urdu movement
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463:0-7069-1017-6
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202:mass shooting
199:
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186:British India
183:
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81:(Present-day
78:
77:British India
74:
70:
67:
63:
56:
51:
40:
34:
30:
29:
25:
19:
3273:Constitution
3261:Independence
3148:
3119:Vanchinathan
2749:Bhagat Singh
2704:Annie Besant
2665:Independence
2646:Vinoba Bhave
2450:
2446:Swaraj Party
2350:Lucknow Pact
2260:Purna Swaraj
2250:Nehru Report
2229:
2157:
2061:Philosophies
2049:
2015:Polygar Wars
1943:French India
1928:Dutch Bengal
1918:Colonisation
1856:
1851:
1842:
1838:Youm-e-Iqbal
1837:
1828:
1823:
1814:
1810:Youm-e-Difah
1809:
1800:
1796:Youm-e-Azadi
1795:
1786:
1781:
1772:
1767:
1758:
1753:
1730:Bab-e-Khyber
1710:Iqbal's Tom'
1677:Architecture
1665:
1658:
1651:
1644:
1637:
1630:
1623:
1616:
1595:
1521:Fatima Begum
1459:Z. A. Suleri
1444:M. M. Sharif
1328:Altaf Husain
1318:Yusuf Haroon
1308:Hamid Nizami
1287:
1082:Aga Khan III
1056:
1049:
1042:
1034:
916:Republic Day
906:Independence
846:World War II
826:Nehru Report
811:Lucknow Pact
695:(1): 53–71.
692:
688:
656:
652:
649:Habib, Irfan
640:
612:
606:
587:
581:
572:
540:. Retrieved
527:
494:
482:. Retrieved
472:
453:
447:
435:. Retrieved
431:the original
356:
353:
348:
341:
334:
325:
323:
309:Anglo-Indian
305:
293:
285:
267:
266:After other
265:
253:
251:in protest.
248:
240:
236:
234:
225:
214:
188:(modern day
165:
163:
153:Perpetrators
116:
26:
18:
3217:Mountbatten
2839:Hemu Kalani
2719:Bagha Jatin
2656:Vivekananda
2411:India House
2295:Act of 1935
2070:Ambedkarism
1938:British Raj
1857:25 December
1815:6 September
1050:Nawa-i-Waqt
1029:Print media
896:Durand Line
239:(literally
127:Attack type
22:‹ The
3318:Categories
3247:Linlithgow
3187:Chelmsford
3177:Cornwallis
3089:Tatya Tope
2959:Nana Saheb
2864:K. Kamaraj
2814:Dhan Singh
2729:Bakht Khan
2381:Arya Samaj
2315:Quit India
2265:Salt March
2124:Events and
2100:Satyagraha
1843:9 November
1829:24 October
1608:Literature
1474:Jalal Baba
1198:G. M. Syed
1057:Contractor
542:22 October
410:References
296:Gene Sharp
243:), led by
231:Background
121:protestors
105:1930-04-23
3222:Wellesley
3207:Dalhousie
3069:Surya Sen
2964:P. Kakkan
2924:Mir Qasim
2899:M. N. Roy
2834:Har Dayal
2667:activists
2496:Baba Amte
2486:Ayyankali
2464:reformers
2386:Azad Hind
2126:movements
2105:Socialism
1801:14 August
1745:In Memory
1464:G. Allana
1300:Activists
709:145684635
535:(photo).
320:Aftermath
311:paper of
31:is being
3252:Hastings
3212:Bentinck
2431:Jugantar
2075:Gandhism
1773:10 April
1759:23 March
1407:Maulana
1014:Khaksars
1004:Unionist
437:24 April
363:See also
344:massacre
194:Pakistan
178:Peshawar
132:Massacre
87:Pakistan
69:Peshawar
65:Location
35:. ›
24:template
3172:Canning
2591:Periyar
2240:Bardoli
2008:Gwalior
1910:History
1476:of NWFP
1068:Leaders
768:History
673:3517680
262:Clashes
103: (
3242:Cripps
3237:Outram
3227:Lytton
3192:Curzon
3167:Wavell
2462:Social
2115:Swaraj
1998:Second
1983:Fourth
1973:Second
1787:28 May
1041:Daily
707:
671:
619:
594:
484:30 May
460:
313:Lahore
273:Qur'an
170:Pashto
138:Deaths
113:Target
3232:Clive
3202:Minto
3197:Ripon
3182:Irwin
2616:Shahu
2003:Third
1993:First
1978:Third
1968:First
705:S2CID
669:JSTOR
176:) in
3150:more
2452:more
2051:more
1597:more
1289:more
1075:Sir
1043:Jang
1035:Dawn
617:ISBN
592:ISBN
544:2021
486:2020
458:ISBN
439:2008
235:The
200:and
164:The
95:Date
697:doi
661:doi
561:doi
3320::
703:.
693:34
691:.
667:.
657:25
655:.
552:^
509:^
418:^
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192:,
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180:,
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1831:)
1827:(
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1813:(
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1785:(
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168:(
107:)
89:)
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