249:
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409:, wrote to Polish bishops requesting their aid "to overcome difficulties caused by some transmissions and the views presented by Radio Maryja." He also warned of sanctions against activity "considered unlawful or damaging to the Church". According to the official Vatican web page, "Radio Maryja, a nation-wide radio system organised by the Redemptorist Fathers, became much more involved in spreading risky politics than in spreading the
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the equivalent of $ 125,000; according to the Polish press, the highest fine the
Council had ever levied. The sole dissenting member of the Council, Wojciech Dziomdziora, speculated that Radio Maryja's ties with Law and Justice was "the real reason" for Szczuka's punishment, noting that Szczuka was made to pay the stiff fine while Radio Maryja was allowed to disparage other religions with impunity.
965:, with respect to the stations's involvement in politics, called on the Polish bishops to ensure that the station respected "the appropriate autonomy of the public sphere". Poland's bishops’ conference fashioned an agreement whereby it would assume partial control of a new programme council at Radio Maryja.
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the station. Critics say that the Polish bishops have been divided over Radio Maryja for a long time. As an alternative, there exist local radio stations broadcasting on FM in many dioceses of Poland with support of their bishops. About 20 stations connected themselves in 2013 to an independent network.
942:– who actively supported Law and Justice during the election – were allowed in the room during the signing. The President of the Polish National Broadcasting Council, Elżbieta Kruk, stated that she had no authority to act in regard to these complaints, as she had been appointed by the Polish President
508:
In July 2007, over 700 Polish
Catholic intellectuals, journalists, priests and activists signed a public letter of protest condemning Radio Maryja's anti-Semitic remarks. Poland's Media Ethics Council referred to the station's "weakly documented accusations" against Jews as "primitive anti-Semitism"
957:
satirized a girl who frequently recites prayers on Radio Maryja, not knowing that the girl used a wheelchair. Despite
Szczuka's public apology, the Polish Broadcasting Council found her guilty of "insulting a disabled person and mocking her religion." The station on which she had appeared was fined
416:
The Polish bishops remain divided over Radio Maryja, given its considerable influence among its primary audience of the elderly rural poor. While some bishops have criticized Radio Maryja for spreading opinions incompatible with the official teaching of the
Catholic Church, others voice support for
268:
with the Holy See that grants certain privileges to the Church, Radio Maryja is not bound by normal accounting rules as it is regarded as being Church-operated. Thus, Radio Maryja is not required to disclose the exact sources of its financing or enterprises, and does not pay taxes. Radio Maryja has
227:
has summarized that, "The church in Poland is divided between
Vatican loyalists, who often oppose close involvement in politics, and energetic dissidents linked to Radio Maryja, a hardline broadcaster. This once had huge clout, articulating the feelings of Poles alienated by the country's brisk,
218:
Radio Maryja's audience is reputed to consist mostly of rural and elderly listeners. The station says that it has "millions of listeners"; market research indicates approximately 1.2 million people daily. The station estimates that it is listened to by well over 10% of adults in Poland; the most
552:), to a Radio Maryja commemorative ceremony in the city of Torun devoted to the theme of "Remembrance and Hope". The event was held in the Chapel of Remembrance, situated in the Temple of Our Lady the Star of New Evangelization and St. John Paul II and was ostensibly held to honor Polish
361:, the former secretary general of the Episcopate of Poland, said that Radio Maryja is "a real and growing problem", adding that the station "offers a reduced view on Christianity" that is "extremely compromising and shameful, sick and dangerous."
559:
The visit of the
Israeli delegation came under strong attack by some commentators, notably in the Israeli media, who accused the members of the delegation of turning a blind eye to Radio Maryja's and its director's long history of antisemitism.
316:
and close ally of Rydzyk's, applied to pay the fine from her own pocket despite not having the authorization to do so. The district court of Toruń requested that the police investigate her action. Later in 2012 Radio Maryja was fined by the
878:
968:
In
September 2012, Radio Maryja and TV Trwam organized a "Poland awake!" demonstration with Law and Justice to protest the centrist government's purported attempt to silence both stations by not including them on the country's
2321:
2736:
308:. Fr Rydzyk denounced the verdict, calling it an "injustice" and saying that Polish law ran "contrary to natural law." To date, he has refused to pay the fine. In August 2012, a political controversy transpired when
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could occur, but a group of Polish bishops rejected those speculations, which they said "bore no relation to reality". In 2005, Cardinal Józef Glemp said that Radio Maryja was causing a rift in the Church.
864:
1445:
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Archbishop Jozef
Michalik said that no disciplinary action would be taken against the director of Radio Maryja: "You can't judge a person from just one statement, or on the basis of some lack of tact."
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264:, and is financed through donations from its audience. This is an unusual characteristic in Poland, where most radio stations are either publicly funded or dependent on advertising revenue. Due to a
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977:, said in an interview that the stations' action was "not in accordance with the doctrine of the Church," and said that they were "entering a dangerous path of confusion and turmoil."
902:. When it became aware of the station's service to conservative parties, the Holy See demanded that it "drop the politics." Asked whether Fr Rydzyk would himself form a party, Bishop
427:
and former president of Poland, has stated that Radio Maryja "is lying if it considers itself a
Catholic station," According to a 2013 article in the liberal Catholic weekly magazine
2317:
946:, a member of Law and Justice. Critics asserted that the government feared alienating Radio Maryja's dedicated audience, which makes up a significant fraction of Law and Justice's
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1014:"cheated" him, and called him "a swindler who had bowed to pressure from the Jewish lobby." Rydzyk suggested the tapes were doctored and called the story "fictitious".
393:
to take immediate action against the station. In 2002, the
Primate ordered Radio Maryja to close its operations in his archdiocese. Press commentators suggested that a
973:. The demonstration led to renewed criticism of the station's politicized message from high-ranking Catholic clergymen. Bishop Piotr Jarecki, a vice president in the
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materialist business culture and the decay in moral norms. But Radio Maryja's audience has shrunk in the past decade to no more than 2% of all current listeners."
2942:
2423:
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993:; the women signed a statement to protest a tightening of Poland's already strict abortion laws. Rydzyk caused controversy when he described the meeting as a "
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In February 2006, Law and Justice signed a key agreement with two other political parties. To the fury of the Polish press, only Rydzyk and journalists from
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In 2011 the Polish Broadcasting Authority Commission examined two programs on Radio Maryja and reprimanded the station for its antisemitic statements and "
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1963:
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According to a U.S. State Department report from 2008, "Radio Maryja is one of Europe’s most blatantly anti-Semitic media venues." A report of the
1985:
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In 2017, Rydzyk – with the help of the head of the From The Depths foundation Jonny Daniels – invited a group of Israeli politicians, including
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in Poland and throughout Europe. Support for the death penalty contrasts strongly with the mainstream teachings of the Roman Catholic Church.
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3206:
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article "A different World: The Jews as Seen by Radio Maryja" by Rafał Maszkowski, in: Kwartalnik Historii Zydow (Jewish History Quarterly)
2467:
1615:
1045:" and that bigoted statements transmitted by the station are very rare and originate from its listeners rather than employees. The former
3545:
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1666:
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2017:
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807:
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894:, the former Prime Minister of Poland, was a regular guest on Radio Maryja, as were other rightist or far-right politicians such as
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comprehensive market research by Radio Track for the whole of Poland (June–July 2005) shows a 2.5% "share of listening time".
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2394:"Międzynarodowa Konferencja "Pamięć i Nadzieja", Toruń Udostępnij Zobacz także - Radio Maryja website, November 26, 2017"
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since its inception. The charges of anti-Semitism against Radio Maryja have brought the station to worldwide attention.
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published a recording from one of Rydzyk's lectures in which he allegedly called Kaczyńska "a witch who should perform
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joined the 15th anniversary celebrations of Radio Maryja and praised the station as a source of "comfort and hope".
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replied that he could not imagine a priest starting a political organization. Pieronek drew an analogy saying that
191:
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2449:
787:
583:
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2760:"Poland's Balancing Act: The Left Wing, the Far Right and the Kaczynskis - International - SPIEGEL ONLINE - News"
2303:
753:
3510:
3016:
Tel Aviv University Report from the Stephen Roth institute for the study of contemporary Racism and Antisemitism
2420:"Laurence Weinbaum - In Poland, an anti-Semite, a conman and a useful idiot - Times of Israel, December 4, 2017"
1859:
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to Fr Rydzyk, finding that he illegally used Radio Maryja broadcasts to raise funds for his television station,
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690:
1955:
1368:
1286:
461:
357:
Radio Maryja sparked many controversies and is frequently being criticized both in Poland and abroad. Bishop
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1100:
990:
2573:"Europe and Central Asia: Summary of Amnesty International's Concerns in the Region: July - December 2006"
3495:
2265:"Contemporary Global Anti-Semitism, a report provided to the United States Congress, U.S. Dept. of State"
683:
553:
182:
2169:"Hundreds in Poland condemn priest's words as anti-Semitic - Haaretz Daily Newspaper | Israel News"
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248:
1992:
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1305:
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484:
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1758:"Culture e fede - Cultures et foi - Cultures and Faith - Culturas y fe - 1/2000 - Plenaria 2000 (2)"
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112:
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891:
782:
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527:
208:
199:; coverage of papal trips; and sociological and political programmes. It takes positions against
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446:
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Enthusiasts of the station say that Radio Maryja is a target of the media which have waged a "
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460:
In January 2000, Radio Maryja aired an interview between Ryszard Bender, a historian from the
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498:
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313:
378:
8:
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Radio Netherlands feature on controversial European radio stations including Radio Maryja
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stated that Radio Maryja has been "openly inciting to antisemitism for several years."
477:
56:
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also took advantage of religion for his political purposes with the use of the motto "
406:
157:. The name "Maryja" is a traditional Polish form of the name "Mary", referring to the
18:
Not to be confused with Italy-based international Catholic radio broadcasting service
3167:
2011:
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253:
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Following international criticism in 2006, the Holy See’s Warsaw Nuncio, Archbishop
943:
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of Poland warning Radio Maryja about engaging in "political broadcasting". Cardinal
270:
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1805:
1441:
1022:
903:
729:
469:
420:
358:
2464:"Polskie Radio dla zagranicy - Vatican orders Radio Maryja to 'drop the politics'"
2168:
1264:
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2145:
1827:
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939:
899:
489:
325:
297:
138:
2815:
2598:
1708:"LETTER FROM POLAND; Differing Treatment of Religious Slurs Raises an Old Issue"
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initiated a petition condemning Radio Maryja's alleged anti-Semitic statements.
3453:
1042:
947:
920:
895:
748:
661:
196:
154:
107:
97:
2685:"Declaration of the Holy See to the First World Congress on the Death Penalty"
2655:"Lech Kaczynski: Polish President and co-founder of the Law and Justice Party"
2353:
386:
3484:
3436:
3095:
3031:
Richard Bernstein: Differing Treatment of Religious Slurs Raises an Old Issue
3024:
1619:
1144:
1085:
330:
278:
223:
1423:
3128:
3056:
2845:
2628:
1863:
1593:
1542:"Resurgence in popularity for controversial Radio Maryja, Catholic Culture"
998:
912:
668:
454:
402:
309:
293:
3367:
Production of the network program and management of 7 of 16 local stations
3053:, 04/2006, pp. 669–687 in Polish, on the antisemitism in Radio Maryja
2521:
1637:
3187:
2710:
2238:
1731:
1468:"Sobecka cierpi za o. Rydzyka. Zapłaci grzywnę, bo... zapłaciła grzywnę?"
744:
520:
450:
170:
19:
1893:
3342:
3296:
2489:
1007:
549:
545:
413:." Pope Benedict XVI warned Radio Maryja to quit engaging in politics.
374:
204:
46:
1140:"An attack on judicial independence reveals the government's ideology"
1056:
Support for Radio Maryja is often voiced in "Nasz Dziennik", which is
3321:
3316:
3265:
3239:
3182:
1907:
473:
434:
265:
252:
Statue of John Paul II in front of the Radio Maryja headquarters, by
2789:
571:
Separation of church and state in the history of the Catholic Church
556:
who had saved Jews from the German death camps during World War II.
382:
3229:
1802:"Polish Cardinal condemns priest accused of anti-Semitism on radio"
994:
370:
324:
Enterprises related to Radio Maryja include the television station
200:
178:
169:
Radio Maryja's programmes consist of broadcasts from the station's
1029:
two years earlier – among "many other acts" – was the result of a
980:
289:
241:
147:
84:
2892:. Sunday - Catholic Magazine, "Niedziela" 17/2006. Archived from
2711:"Bishops take control of controversial radio station, The Tablet"
2348:
2239:"Bishops take control of controversial radio station, The Tablet"
1516:"Poland: The controversy involving Radio Maryja, Vatican Insider"
1030:
953:
In March 2006, Polish literary critic and television personality
541:
537:
in the U.S. accused Radio Maryja of "25 years of anti-Semitism".
497:... are trying to surprise us from behind," and referring to the
437:, the cause of the ills of the Church in Poland is Radio Maryja.
274:
3405:
2547:"Poland's Radio Maryja Known for its Bigotry, and its Influence"
2344:"Rabbi Marvin Hier talking about the "Jew-hating" Father Rydzyk"
1842:"Poland's Radio Maryja Known For Its Bigotry, and Its Influence"
1172:"Mixed Reception for Polish Catholic Radio - washingtonpost.com"
975:
Commission of the Bishops' Conferences of the European Community
35:
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3177:
1471:
1002:
907:
523:
410:
236:
174:
143:
3466:
2737:"Biskup Piotr Jarecki wystąpił przeciwko PiS i TV Trwam]"
1036:
494:
2992:
1234:
3004:
1930:"Ojciec Rydzyk i Radio Maryja - Raporty - Kraj - Gazeta.pl"
1616:"Episcopate warns Radio Maryja on 'political broadcasting'"
923:
in 2004. The station promoted the political program of the
487:– a major personality on Telewizja Trwam – was reported in
3045:
123:
2368:"Radio Maryja: 25 Years of Anti-Semitism - ADL website"
364:
212:
2224:
1784:"Polish Populists: Papal Reprimand for Catholic Radio"
349:("The College of Social and Media Culture") in Toruń.
1568:"Controversial Catholic Radio Maryja enters politics"
1067:
300:; his University of Social and Media Culture; and a
3353:
Regional, local and decentralization radio stations
1590:"Divided church awaits Benedict in Catholic Poland"
260:The station is owned by the Warsaw Province of the
142:is a religious and political socially conservative
2446:"Poland: Democracy and the Challenge of Extremism"
1500:. New Poland Express. 6 April 2012. Archived from
1438:"O. Tadeusz Rydzyk ukarany za nielegalną zbiórkę'"
2846:"Rydzyk escapes censure from bishops, The Tablet"
2790:"Published 8 July 2007, text and sound in Polish"
2116:"Stephen Roth Institute: Antisemitism And Racism"
1049:openly supported Radio Maryja. In December 2006,
919:Radio Maryja strongly opposed Poland joining the
3531:Organizations that oppose LGBTQ rights in Poland
3482:
2872:"Ekspert ojca Rydzyka: Smoleńsk to akt masonów!"
1844:. The Jewish Daily Forward. 2010. Archived from
1732:"Vatican warns Polish radio station, The Tablet"
1329:
1327:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1692:
981:Remarks about President Lech Kaczyński and wife
352:
2965:"Search - Global Edition - The New York Times"
1638:"Furore over Polish radio station, The Tablet"
1406:Racist Extremism in Central and Eastern Europe
440:
288:In February 2011, the local district court of
3391:
3072:
3046:Radio Maryja - list of quotations (in Polish)
2300:"Accusations of antisemitism on Radio Maryja"
1583:
1581:
1402:"Rafal Pankowski and Marcin Kornak, "Poland""
1324:
872:
373:expressed concern over the station, with the
3086:
2743:(in Polish). 25 October 2012. Archived from
1860:"Cardinal calls for sacking of radio priest"
1689:
1661:
1659:
1383:"Radio Maryja - Katolicki Głos w Twoim Domu"
1303:
1027:plane crash which killed President Kaczyński
812:
347:Wyższa Szkoła Kultury Społecznej i Medialnej
2816:"Stir over priest's 'anti-Semitic remarks'"
1570:. Radio Polonia. 1 May 2007. Archived from
851:Bp. Edward J. Slattery § Illegal immigrants
774:History of Christian thought on persecution
533:In January 2017, a report published by the
345:("The Light of Truth Foundation"); and the
164:
3398:
3384:
3079:
3065:
3021:Radio nasty: Anti-Semitic radio in trouble
2935:"Poland PM Praises Catholic Radio Station"
2506:. Newzar. 2 September 2010. Archived from
2166:
1578:
1306:"Edward Lucas: Religion in the CEE region"
1263:(in Polish). radiotrack.pl. Archived from
1037:Supporters and their response to criticism
879:
865:
705:Church–state relations in Argentina § 2005
563:
483:In April 2006, well-known Polish essayist
449:and other critics, the radio has promoted
2890:"Radio Maryja as the target of the media"
2874:. Fakt.pl. 27 August 2012. Archived from
2195:"News Releases - Simon Wiesenthal Center"
1656:
1399:
1335:"Controversial Polish Catholics enter TV"
1025:, broadcast an interview saying that the
1010:on herself." He also said that President
808:Evo Morales and the Roman Catholic Church
385:and the country's then Primate, Cardinal
231:
1667:"Poland's Primate lambasts Radio Maryja"
1057:
1033:plot against the Law and Justice party.
247:
235:
3005:The College of Social and Media Culture
2047:
2045:
1205:"Polish Cardinal tackles radical radio"
548:and Israeli Minister of Communications
3483:
3041:Poland 2006 - Hot Topics: Radio Maryja
2914:from the original on 29 September 2007
2665:from the original on 25 September 2015
2470:from the original on 27 September 2007
2324:from the original on 29 September 2007
2201:from the original on 29 September 2007
2016:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1202:
1021:In 2012, Radio Maryja, which has long
989:met with fifty female journalists for
813:Radio Maryja § Involvement in politics
262:Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer
3379:
3060:
2579:from the original on 22 November 2018
2553:from the original on 25 December 2012
2175:from the original on 22 November 2008
1604:– via WorldWide Religious News.
1522:from the original on 11 November 2012
1478:from the original on 30 December 2013
820:on the United States political system
740:Society of Jesus § Political intrigue
150:, Poland, on 9 December 1991, by the
137:
3363:management of 9 of 16 local stations
2945:from the original on 26 October 2012
2932:
2770:from the original on 18 October 2007
2757:
2426:from the original on 8 February 2018
2400:from the original on 9 February 2018
2374:from the original on 8 February 2018
2167:Associated, The (12 November 2010).
2051:
2042:
1824:"Warsaw Voice - Spirit of the Radio"
1345:from the original on 10 January 2006
1312:from the original on 16 October 2010
1184:from the original on 30 October 2018
830:Conscience clause in medicine in the
776:and tolerance § The mid-20th-century
636:Fourth vow § In the Society of Jesus
365:Reaction from religious institutions
215:, and promotes social conservatism.
3526:Race-related controversies in radio
2717:from the original on 19 August 2012
2691:from the original on 4 January 2007
2599:"Polish leader backs death penalty"
2245:from the original on 6 October 2014
1958:Who is destroying the Polish Church
1908:"Lista Stacji | radiokatolickie.pl"
1644:from the original on 6 October 2014
1393:
1261:"Udziały stacji w czasie słuchania"
1241:from the original on 6 October 2011
1203:Walton, Nicholas (1 October 2002).
1152:from the original on 1 January 2016
846:Bp. W. Francis Malooly on Canon 915
13:
3546:Radio stations established in 1991
3536:Catholicism and far-right politics
2826:from the original on 20 April 2010
2144:. Michalkiewicz.pl. Archived from
2142:"Nieaktualny odnośnik do artykułu"
1862:. The Tablet. 2007. Archived from
1808:. 5 September 2007. Archived from
1738:from the original on 5 August 2012
1587:
1448:from the original on 20 March 2013
1408:. London: Routledge. p. 168.
1215:from the original on 20 April 2010
631:Dual loyalty § Historical examples
14:
3557:
2986:
2933:Gera, Vanessa (7 December 2006).
2796:from the original on 12 July 2007
2635:from the original on 4 March 2016
2609:from the original on 10 June 2015
1966:from the original on 2 March 2013
1826:. 24 January 2004. Archived from
839:consistently promoting permissive
832:United States § Catholic doctrine
328:("I Persist"); a daily newspaper
269:disclosed that it is financed by
240:The Radio Maryja headquarters in
146:radio station. It was founded in
3521:Religious controversies in radio
3406:
2852:from the original on 6 June 2015
1936:from the original on 28 May 2007
1764:from the original on 3 June 2007
1622:. 1 January 2007. Archived from
1548:from the original on 20 May 2013
1070:
756:(heresy) § The American response
476:was a labor camp rather than an
207:, the "Islamisation" of Europe,
192:Catechism of the Catholic Church
187:the Black Madonna of Częstochowa
34:
3350:Catholic radio network stations
3347:Students radio network stations
3007:University founded by Fr Rydzyk
2957:
2926:
2900:
2882:
2864:
2838:
2808:
2782:
2751:
2729:
2703:
2677:
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2438:
2412:
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2310:
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2213:
2187:
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2134:
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2090:
2072:
2024:
1978:
1948:
1922:
1900:
1892:. 12 April 2006. Archived from
1878:
1852:
1834:
1816:
1794:
1786:. Spiegel. 2006. Archived from
1776:
1750:
1724:
1630:
1608:
1560:
1534:
1508:
1490:
1460:
1430:
1375:
1357:
338:("Our Future") Foundation; the
2526:www.opensocietyfoundations.org
2490:"Warsaw Voice - Wałęsa at War"
2052:Watt, Nicholas (5 June 2006).
1304:Edward Lucas (15 March 2007).
1297:
1279:
1253:
1227:
1196:
1164:
1132:
1117:
788:Christian anarchism § Catholic
691:Disputationes de Controversiis
195:; a daily transmission of the
1:
1956:"Kto niszczy polski Kościół (
1111:
1047:cabinet of Jarosław Kaczyński
707:Episcopal Conference document
626:Sovereign immunity § Holy See
593:Catholic Church and the State
462:Catholic University of Lublin
319:National Broadcasting Council
2969:International Herald Tribune
2908:"Sunday - Catholic Magazine"
2080:"Guilty of Holocaust Denial"
1716:. 3 May 2006. Archived from
1498:"More mess for Radio Maryja"
1308:. Edwardlucas.blogspot.com.
1101:Far-right politics in Poland
971:digital television multiplex
509:and condemned Radio Maryja.
353:Criticisms and controversies
7:
2758:Puhl, Jan (19 March 2007).
2223:(in Polish). Archived from
2118:. Tau.ac.il. Archived from
1365:"IPN - review of the media"
1063:
985:In 2007, Polish first lady
927:party, which together with
841:abortion or euthanasia laws
684:Papal Jurisdiction Act 1560
554:Righteous Among the Nations
441:Allegations of antisemitism
183:Chaplet of the Divine Mercy
173:; frequent recitals of the
10:
3562:
2522:"Open Society Foundations"
1671:What the cardinals believe
1235:"::radio||track"
493:as stating that "men from
321:for "hidden advertising".
277:-based billionaire and by
17:
3501:Catholic Church in Poland
3462:
3446:
3418:
3360:
3330:
3289:
3224:
3162:
3094:
2661:. London. 13 April 2010.
2318:"Simon Wiesenthal Center"
2032:"Antisemitism And Racism"
1592:. Reuters. Archived from
991:International Women's Day
676:To the Christian Nobility
118:
106:
91:
80:
62:
52:
42:
33:
3491:Radio stations in Poland
3412:Lux Veritatis Foundation
3088:Radio stations in Poland
2999:Radio Maryja on Facebook
825:Catholic social teaching
720:Historical controversies
603:Politics of Vatican City
283:Polish American Congress
165:Programming and audience
113:Lux Veritatis Foundation
102:Jan Król – Vice-director
3506:Catholic radio stations
3149:Polskie Radio Kierowców
1960:), Tygodnik Powszechny"
1126:22 October 2012 at the
837:Canon 915 § Politicians
783:Letitia Dunbar-Harrison
735:Investiture Controversy
655:Donation of Constantine
615:Sovereignty and loyalty
564:Involvement in politics
528:Simon Wiesenthal Center
501:as "a main firm in the
485:Stanisław Michalkiewicz
292:issued a fine of 3,500
209:Middle Eastern refugees
139:[ˈradjɔmaˈrɨja]
100:– Founder and Director;
3541:Conservatism in Poland
3139:Polskie Radio Dzieciom
3001:official Facebook page
2302:. CFCA. Archived from
2098:"Kultura 2000/03(630)"
1058:related to the station
1023:criticized Freemasonry
535:Anti-Defamation League
447:Anti-Defamation League
405:to Poland, Archbishop
306:Fundacja Lux Veritatus
281:, the chairman of the
257:
245:
232:Ownership and finances
68:; 32 years ago
1626:on 29 September 2007.
1389:on 27 September 2007.
591:Relations between the
584:Two kingdoms doctrine
499:World Jewish Congress
251:
239:
189:; discussions on the
66:December 8, 1991
3215:(Rybnik and Cieszyn)
3144:Polskie Radio Chopin
2504:"Bishop Attacks PiS"
2452:on 16 February 2007.
2396:. 26 November 2017.
2288:on 25 February 2007.
2122:on 26 September 2011
2054:"Anti-semitism live"
1848:on 25 December 2012.
1790:on 13 November 2012.
1574:on 24 December 2013.
1504:on 30 December 2013.
1341:. 13 February 2003.
1267:on 28 September 2007
931:sought to introduce
818:Laudato si' § Impact
678:of the German Nation
621:Papal deposing power
598:Catholic integralism
586:in Roman Catholicism
425:Nobel Prize laureate
389:, have urged fellow
312:, a Law and Justice
25:Polish radio station
3511:Mass media in Toruń
3338:Radio Maryja Polska
3203:(Torun and Wroclaw)
2747:on 28 October 2012.
2549:. 6 February 2010.
2306:on 13 January 2016.
2221:"The signed letter"
1998:on 24 December 2013
1830:on 24 January 2004.
1720:on 13 January 2016.
1177:The Washington Post
1078:Conservatism portal
768:20th century topics
726:Constantinian shift
433:, which belongs to
430:Tygodnik Powszechny
334:("Our Daily"); the
302:geothermal drilling
30:
3496:Politics of Poland
3322:Eska Rock Warszawa
3154:Polskie Radio Rytm
3035:The New York Times
2939:Washingtonpost.com
2896:on 6 October 2014.
2878:on 31 August 2012.
2510:on 3 October 2013.
2038:on 5 January 2006.
1713:The New York Times
1677:on 13 January 2016
1400:Cas Mudde (2005).
1148:. 2 January 2016.
1106:Religion in Poland
1091:Politics of Poland
933:capital punishment
892:Jarosław Kaczyński
698:Dignitatis humanae
503:Holocaust Industry
478:extermination camp
258:
246:
57:Radio broadcasting
28:
3478:
3477:
3471:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3233:
3171:
3168:Bauer Media Group
2995:official web site
2356:on 18 April 2016.
2148:on 3 October 2011
1588:Reiter, Natalia.
1237:. Radiotrack.pl.
955:Kazimiera Szczuka
889:
888:
514:Council of Europe
466:Dariusz Ratajczak
445:According to the
379:Stanisław Dziwisz
254:Giennadij Jerszow
185:; the unction to
132:
131:
3553:
3469:
3410:
3409:
3400:
3393:
3386:
3377:
3376:
3366:
3362:
3227:
3165:
3119:Polskie Radio 24
3081:
3074:
3067:
3058:
3057:
2981:
2980:
2978:
2976:
2961:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2950:
2930:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2919:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2842:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2822:. 13 July 2007.
2812:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2801:
2786:
2780:
2779:
2777:
2775:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2733:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2722:
2707:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2681:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2670:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2605:. 28 July 2006.
2595:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2569:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2558:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2486:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2475:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2448:. Archived from
2442:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2431:
2416:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2390:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2364:
2358:
2357:
2352:. Archived from
2340:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2284:. Archived from
2278:
2272:
2271:
2270:. 13 March 2008.
2269:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2227:on 24 July 2007.
2217:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2138:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2112:
2106:
2105:
2104:on 12 July 2006.
2100:. Archived from
2094:
2088:
2087:
2082:. Archived from
2076:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2049:
2040:
2039:
2034:. Archived from
2028:
2022:
2021:
2015:
2007:
2005:
2003:
1997:
1991:. Archived from
1990:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1890:The Warsaw Voice
1886:"God Ain't a DJ"
1882:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1838:
1832:
1831:
1820:
1814:
1813:
1806:Voice of America
1798:
1792:
1791:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1754:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1728:
1722:
1721:
1704:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1673:. Archived from
1663:
1654:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1585:
1576:
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1564:
1558:
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1555:
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1538:
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1531:
1529:
1527:
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1506:
1505:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1442:Wirtualna Polska
1434:
1428:
1427:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1385:. Archived from
1379:
1373:
1372:
1371:on 5 March 2012.
1367:. Archived from
1361:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1331:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1301:
1295:
1294:
1293:. 15 March 2007.
1283:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1136:
1130:
1121:
1080:
1075:
1074:
1073:
881:
874:
867:
730:Constantinianism
568:
567:
470:Holocaust denier
359:Tadeusz Pieronek
336:Nasza Przyszłość
141:
128:
125:
76:
74:
69:
38:
31:
27:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3555:
3554:
3552:
3551:
3550:
3481:
3480:
3479:
3474:
3458:
3442:
3431:Telewizja Trwam
3414:
3407:
3404:
3374:
3369:
3365:
3356:
3326:
3290:ZPR Media Group
3285:
3226:
3220:
3164:
3158:
3090:
3085:
3027:, 12 April 2006
2989:
2984:
2974:
2972:
2971:. 29 March 2009
2963:
2962:
2958:
2948:
2946:
2931:
2927:
2917:
2915:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2888:
2887:
2883:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2855:
2853:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2829:
2827:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2799:
2797:
2792:. 8 July 2007.
2788:
2787:
2783:
2773:
2771:
2756:
2752:
2735:
2734:
2730:
2720:
2718:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2694:
2692:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2668:
2666:
2659:The Independent
2653:
2652:
2648:
2638:
2636:
2629:"Andreas Gross"
2627:
2626:
2622:
2612:
2610:
2597:
2596:
2592:
2582:
2580:
2571:
2570:
2566:
2556:
2554:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2530:
2528:
2520:
2519:
2515:
2502:
2501:
2497:
2488:
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2483:
2473:
2471:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2444:
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2439:
2429:
2427:
2418:
2417:
2413:
2403:
2401:
2392:
2391:
2387:
2377:
2375:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2327:
2325:
2316:
2315:
2311:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2280:
2279:
2275:
2267:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2248:
2246:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2204:
2202:
2193:
2192:
2188:
2178:
2176:
2171:. Haaretz.com.
2165:
2161:
2151:
2149:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2125:
2123:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2086:on 10 May 2007.
2078:
2077:
2073:
2063:
2061:
2050:
2043:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2009:
2008:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1988:
1986:"Archived copy"
1984:
1983:
1979:
1969:
1967:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1939:
1937:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1913:
1911:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1896:on 25 May 2006.
1884:
1883:
1879:
1869:
1867:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1812:on 8 July 2008.
1800:
1799:
1795:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1767:
1765:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1741:
1739:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1706:
1705:
1690:
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1665:
1664:
1657:
1647:
1645:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1599:
1597:
1596:on 13 July 2007
1586:
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1298:
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1201:
1197:
1187:
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1170:
1169:
1165:
1155:
1153:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1128:Wayback Machine
1122:
1118:
1114:
1096:Media in Poland
1076:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1039:
987:Maria Kaczyńska
983:
963:Józef Kowalczyk
940:Telewizja Trwam
925:Law and Justice
900:Zbigniew Ziobro
885:
856:
855:
840:
838:
831:
819:
803:
795:
794:
790:Worker Movement
789:
777:
775:
769:
761:
760:
755:
721:
713:
712:
706:
677:
649:
641:
640:
616:
608:
607:
592:
585:
579:
566:
544:Deputy Speaker
490:Gazeta Wyborcza
443:
407:Józef Kowalczyk
367:
355:
304:project run by
298:Telewizja Trwam
234:
167:
122:
101:
94:
72:
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67:
26:
23:
12:
11:
5:
3559:
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3498:
3493:
3476:
3475:
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3460:
3459:
3457:
3456:
3454:Tadeusz Rydzyk
3450:
3448:
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3443:
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3416:
3415:
3403:
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3314:
3309:
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3299:
3293:
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3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3257:
3252:
3250:Złote Przeboje
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3141:
3136:
3131:
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3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
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3098:
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3028:
3018:
3013:
3008:
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2987:External links
2985:
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2807:
2781:
2750:
2728:
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2590:
2575:. April 2007.
2564:
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2513:
2495:
2481:
2455:
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2282:"Poland_CBC_3"
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2089:
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1977:
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1507:
1489:
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1429:
1414:
1392:
1374:
1356:
1323:
1296:
1287:"God-bothered"
1278:
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1226:
1195:
1163:
1131:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1082:
1081:
1065:
1062:
1043:smear campaign
1038:
1035:
1012:Lech Kaczyński
997:". Later, the
982:
979:
948:political base
944:Lech Kaczyński
929:Lech Kaczyński
921:European Union
896:Andrzej Lepper
887:
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802:Current topics
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749:Ultramontanism
742:
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732:
722:
719:
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472:who said that
468:, a convicted
442:
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366:
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271:Jan Kobylański
233:
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155:Tadeusz Rydzyk
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3437:Nasz Dziennik
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387:Józef Glemp
171:news agency
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1914:17 January
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648:Documents
474:Auschwitz
435:ITI Group
266:concordat
3470:(Polish)
3447:Director
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