31:
319:"Raiyahs,"--all who pay the capitation tax, called the "Haraç." "This tax was levied on the whole male unbelieving population," except children under ten, old men, Christian and Jewish priests.
157:
In the early
Ottoman Empire, raiyah were not eligible for military service, but from the late 16th century, Muslim raiyah became eligible, to the distress of some of the ruling class.
263:
239:
295:
215:
982:
298:
v.0.48, "Raiyah \Raee"yah\ (r"y or r"y), n. A person not a
Mohammedan (i. e. Muslim), who pays the capitation tax. (Turkey) (1913 Webster)"
398:
143:
of a government or sovereign. The raiyah (literally 'members of the flock') included
Christians, Muslims, and Jews who were 'shorn' (
987:
370:
352:
150:
However, both in contemporaneous and in modern usage, it refers to non-Muslim subjects in particular, also called
391:
597:
30:
602:
384:
87:
407:
182:
132:
527:
119:راعي which means "shepherd, herdsman, patron") was a member of the tax-paying lower class of
17:
187:
128:
8:
366:
348:
783:
557:
537:
107:
100:
829:
690:
514:
47:
70:"countryman, animal, sheep pasturing, subjects, nationals, flock", also spelled
522:
307:
120:
976:
757:
147:
taxed) to support the state and the associated 'professional
Ottoman' class.
669:
439:
948:
811:
580:
567:
494:
345:
A Shared World: Christians and
Muslims in the Early Modern Mediterranean
913:
793:
499:
474:
449:
192:
819:
765:
734:
695:
903:
321:--Finlay, Greece under Ottoman and Venetian Domination, 2856, p. 26.
547:
464:
444:
416:
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376:
169:: A land holding system developed during the Mughal rule in India.
929:
885:
874:
837:
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711:
613:
459:
934:
908:
898:
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742:
725:
636:
607:
594:
575:
542:
532:
489:
432:
427:
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131:. The raiyah made up over 90% of the general population in the
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961:
893:
869:
628:
504:
454:
956:
664:
659:
552:
166:
674:
365:, volume V, University of Washington Press, 1983.
359:Southeastern Europe under Ottoman Rule, 1354-1804
296:Collaborative International Dictionary of English
974:
392:
65:
60:
54:
399:
385:
29:
27:Name given to common people by Ottomans
14:
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380:
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983:Social classes in the Ottoman Empire
330:Greene, p. 41, quoting Halil Inalcık
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24:
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363:A History of East Central Europe
988:Taxation in the Ottoman Empire
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256:
232:
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1:
617:(United Society of Believers)
198:
115:; related to the Arabic word
123:society, in contrast to the
34:Bosnian rayah paying tribute
7:
598:Great and abominable church
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139:world, raiyah is literally
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55:
10:
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308:Dictionary.com definition
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183:Ottoman millet system
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611:(Society of Friends)
188:Second-class citizen
135:communities. In the
347:, Princeton, 2000.
268:translate.google.ca
244:translate.google.ca
220:translate.google.ca
96:[ɾeˈʔaːjeː]
264:"Google Translate"
240:"Google Translate"
216:"Google Translate"
36:
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16:(Redirected from
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784:Grave worshipper
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603:Latter-Day Saint
558:Whore of Babylon
538:Mackerel snapper
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357:Peter F. Sugar,
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108:[ɾaːˈja]
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691:Self-hating Jew
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88:Ottoman Turkish
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523:Creeping Jesus
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101:Modern Turkish
59:, a plural of
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856:Non-believers
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371:0-295-96033-7
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962:Majoos/Majus
949:Zoroastrians
362:
358:
344:
326:
318:
314:
303:
291:
286:Sugar, p. 33
282:
271:. Retrieved
267:
258:
247:. Retrieved
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223:. Retrieved
219:
156:
149:
144:
140:
116:
112:
103:
83:
79:
75:
71:
43:
39:
37:
581:Holy Roller
568:Protestants
495:Jesus freak
977:Categories
923:Non-Jewish
914:Jahiliyyah
670:Żydokomuna
500:Nicodemite
475:Christians
450:Jahiliyyah
273:2020-02-07
249:2020-02-07
225:2020-02-07
199:References
193:Qara bodun
820:Bakriyyah
766:Batiniyya
758:Isma'ilis
696:Misnagdim
684:Reformers
515:Catholics
417:Buddhists
408:Religious
548:Romanist
445:Hinayana
424:Butprast
161:See also
930:Shegetz
886:Muslims
875:Infidel
863:General
838:Takfiri
830:Salafis
748:Qadiani
735:Ahmadis
726:Muslims
712:Marrano
705:Cryptos
653:General
614:Shakers
483:General
460:Infidel
440:Heathen
433:Muslims
338:Sources
141:subject
121:Ottoman
935:Shiksa
909:Dhimmi
904:Zindīq
899:Giaour
843:Wahabi
812:Sunnis
802:Rafida
743:Mirzai
637:Malaun
629:Hindus
608:Quaker
595:Mormon
576:Fundie
543:Papist
533:Fenian
490:Giaour
428:Dhimmi
369:
351:
178:Giaour
173:Dhimmi
137:Muslim
133:millet
125:askeri
90:رعايا
84:re'aya
67:raʿiya
56:raʿāyā
48:Arabic
46:(from
40:raiyah
894:Kafir
870:Pagan
794:Shias
776:Sufis
590:Other
528:Dogan
505:Kafir
465:Pagan
455:Kafir
431:(non-
410:slurs
152:zimmi
113:reaya
104:râiya
80:raiah
72:raiya
62:رعيّة
52:رعايا
44:reaya
18:Reaya
957:Gabr
884:Non-
665:Zhyd
660:Kike
646:Jews
553:Taig
367:ISBN
349:ISBN
167:Ryot
145:i.e.
127:and
117:rā'ī
92:IPA:
76:raja
675:Yid
129:kul
111:or
42:or
979::
266:.
242:.
218:.
207:^
154:.
99:;
86:;
82:,
78:,
74:,
50::
38:A
605:)
601:(
435:)
400:e
393:t
386:v
373:.
276:.
252:.
228:.
20:)
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