Legal recognition of sign languages

1841:Í aðalnámskrá grunnskóla eru í fyrsta sinn sett ákvæði um sérstaka íslenskukennslu fyrir nemendur með annað móðurmál en íslensku. Einnig eru ný ákvæði um sérstaka íslenskukennslu fyrir heyrnarlausa og heyrnarskerta nemendur og táknmálskennslu fyrir heyrnarlausa. Markmið fyrir íslenskukennslu nýbúa og heyrnarlausra og táknmálskennslu falla undir námssvið íslensku í grunnskóla. Táknmál hefur grundvallarþýðingu fyrir þroska máls, persónuleika og hugsunar heyrnarlausra nemenda. Hjá heyrnarlausum er táknmálið mikilvægasta uppspretta þekkingar og leið til að taka þátt í íslenskri menningu og menningu heyrnarlausra. Táknmálið hefur mikla þýðingu fyrir alla vinnu í skólanum og fyrir líf og starf nemendanna. (Ministry of Education, Science and Culture: 662: 439:

The objectives for Icelandic instruction of immigrants and the deaf and of sign-language instruction fall under the subject area of language arts (Icelandic) in compulsory school. Sign language is of basic importance for the development of language, personality and thinking of deaf children. For the deaf, sign language is the most important source of knowledge and their route to participation in Icelandic culture and the culture of the deaf. Sign language is of great importance for all school work and for the pupils' life and work.

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to address discrimination, empower deaf communities and improve relationships between public sector organisations and Deaf communities. The adoption of the Charter forms part of my pledge to improve access and rights for Deaf Londoners who use sign language. As part of developing the charter, the BDA held workshops with British sign language users to gather their views, experiences and feedback from their interactions with City Hall.

888:) has had legal recognition since 2012. Since the federal Law on Protection of People with Disabilities passed and the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities was implemented, services in Russian Sign Language have been greatly expanded. A UN report in 2018 noted that, for example, between 40 and 240 hours of free interpretation are provided to each individual per year in Russia. 665: 664: 7070: 669: 668: 663: 670: 667: 1241:) a mother tongue of Uruguayan citizens. In policy documents of the Comisión de Políticas Lingüísticas en la Educación Pública (Public Education Language Policy Commission, part of the Administración Nacional de Educación Pública or ANEP), it is proposed that LSU be the principal language of deaf education. 1426:

Die 'erkenning' omvat hierbij de drie betekennissen van het woord: (1) de Vlaamse overheid bevestigt de juistheid van het feit dat de Vlaamse Gebarentaal de taal is van de Dovengemeenschap in Vlaanderen, (2) de Vlaamse overheid aanvaardt het bestaan van die taal ook op juridisch vlak en behandelt ze

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I am proud to have been joined by Deputy Mayor Debbie Weekes-Bernard, colleagues from the British Deaf Association and 70+ Deaf Londoners for the formal signing of the Charter for British Sign Language on behalf of City Hall. The Charter was designed by the British Deaf Association (BDA) as one way

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which affirmed the rights of deaf people to learn the language at home and in schools. According to a 13 October 1999 report by Charles Reilly, "specific actions will be taken by the government, including hiring deaf people as teachers and instructors of sign language in deaf schools, and providing

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In June 2011, Icelandic Sign Language was officially recognized as a first language. In No. 61/2011 under Article 3 it states that "Icelandic sign language is the first language of those who have to rely on it for expression and communication, and of their children. The government authorities shall

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This National Curriculum Guide contains, for the first time, provisions on special Icelandic instruction for students whose mother tongue is not Icelandic. There are also new provisions on special Icelandic instruction for deaf and hearing-impaired pupils and sign-language instruction for the deaf.

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It is now increasingly recognised that signing deaf people constitute a group like any other non-English speaking language group in Australia, with a distinct sub-culture recognised by shared history, social life and sense of identity, united and symbolised by fluency in Auslan, the principal means

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was recognised by the Australian government as a "community language other than English" and the preferred language of the Deaf community in 1987 and 1991 policy statements. Although the recognition does not ensure the provision of services in Auslan, its use in Deaf education and by Auslan-English

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credit to meet their foreign-language requirements. In some states, the study of American Sign Language is eligible for foreign language credit at the high school level. In 2015, California became the first US state to legislate language development milestone guidance pertaining to children whose

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Sweden was one of the first countries in the world to officially recognize a signed language as a language. In 1981, Swedish Sign Language (SSL) was recognized in a government bill (Proposition, 1980/81:100). This recognition, in turn, had major consequences for the acknowledgement of SSL as the

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A reported shortcoming of the ACA as federal legislation, it only applies to federally regulated entities and therefore has limited scope. That means private businesses and public spaces not directly controlled by the federal government will see no change for people with disabilities. An average

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was given royal assent, giving BSL a similar status to Welsh in Wales, Scottish Gaelic in Scotland, and created a duty for the UK government, public bodies and English local authorities to promote the use of BSL, but it did not extend this obligation to devolved matters for Scotland, and Wales.

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Cultural recognition entails that the Flemish Government recognises the Flemish Sign Language as the language of the Deaf Community in Flanders. This 'recognition' encompasses the following three meanings: (1) the Flemish Government acknowledges the correctness of the fact that the Flemish Sign

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in 2004. In 2024, the Minister for Communities, "set out proposals to increase the number of interpreters and, ultimately, bring forward a Sign Language Bill". Unlike England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland has two sign languages – BSL and ISL, so the bill would recognise both ISL and BSL.

1028:(No. 5378) which referred to sign language. According to Law No. 15, sign language is to be used in deaf education; Law No. 30 stipulates that sign language interpretation be provided to deaf people. There has been discussion in Parliament about developing a standardised sign language. 265:(IUR), used in Canada's Arctic communities, was developed locally by families and communities for their deaf families and community members. Deaf Inuit who have attended school in southern Canada have also learned ASL. IUR made its debut in the Nunavut legislature in 2008. 54:. Symbolic recognition does not guarantee an improvement in the lives of signed-language users, and it has been argued that signed languages should be supported not merely as an accommodation for disabled people, but as a communication medium in language communities. 721:

said that the text of the bill was still too vague and did not clarify which problems it intended to address and how it would do so; it asked if "the Deaf culture" mentioned in the bill also needed to be legally recognised and, if so, what that term entailed.

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Language is the language of the Deaf Community in Flanders, (2) the Flemish Government also accepts the existence of this language in the judicial domain and treats it accordingly and (3) the Flemish Government expresses its respect for this language.

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is recognised as an official language; in others, it has a protected status in certain areas (such as education). Although a government may stipulate in its constitution (or laws) that a "signed language" is recognised, it may fail to specify

923:'s 12th official language. In May 2022 the 18th Constitutional Amendment Bill to make SASL an official language was published for public comment. In May 2023 the bill was voted on by parliament, and on 19 July 2023 it was signed into law. 3178:"So I'll make an election pledge, that from the start of my next term, should I be lucky enough to have one, I will require that there is BSL sign on the live stream of all meetings of the Greater Manchester Combined Authority," he said. 7423:

Sign-language names reflect the region of origin. Natural sign languages are not related to the spoken language used in the same region. For example, French Sign Language originated in France, but is not related to French. Conversely,

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For example, although BSL was recognised as an official language by the UK Government in 2003 and the Scottish Government in 2011, this is not widely known and those that are aware often think of BSL as just a signed version of

3276:"The following languages, namely Chewa, Chibarwe, English, Kalanga, Koisan, Nambya, Ndau, Ndebele, Shangani, Shona, sign language, Sotho, Tonga, Tswana, Venda and Xhosa, are the officially recognised languages of Zimbabwe." ( 2479:

Na realização da política de ensino incumbe ao Estado proteger e valorizar a língua gestual portuguesa, enquanto expressão cultural e instrumento de acesso à educação e da igualdade de oportunidades. (Assembleia da República:

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Art. 74, 2 (h): In implementing the education policy, the state shall be charged with protecting and developing Portuguese sign language, as an expression of culture and an instrument for access to education and equal

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national sign language, specifying that it be recognized, supported and promoted as the medium of official communication in all transactions involving the deaf and the language of instruction in deaf education.

150:(Decree on the Recognition of Sign Language), "It concerns a symbolic recognition that goes hand-in-hand with a general measure, permitting every minister to take action in fields relative to his authority." 237:, which operated from 1856 to June 1961, taught in MSL; after that, the Interprovincial School for the Education of the Deaf (later renamed the Atlantic Provinces Special Education Authority, or APSEA) in 981:

Sweden was one of the first countries in the world to officially recognize a signed language (Swedish Sign Language) as a language, and this has led to an expansion in availability of courses in school.

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unanimously approved a resolution about sign languages on 17 June 1988. The resolution suggests that all member states recognise their sign languages as official languages of the Deaf community.

1404:"... il s'agit d'une reconnaissance cadre assortie d'une mesure d'exécution générale permettant à chaque ministre concerné de prendre les arrêtés d'application relevant de ses compétences ..." 1124:

was given royal assent, giving BSL a similar status Scottish Gaelic in Scotland, and created a duty for the Scottish government, public bodies and local authorities to promote the use of BSL.

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established the Danish Sign Language Council "to devise principles and guidelines for the monitoring of the Danish sign language and offer advice and information on the Danish sign language."

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or LSCh), was enacted as Law No. 20,422 in 2010 to ensure equal opportunity for disabled people. The law recognises sign language as the natural means of communication for the deaf community.

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17 § Oikeus omaan kieleen ja kulttuuriin Viittomakieltä käyttävien sekä vammaisuuden vuoksi tulkitsemisja käännösapua tarvitsevien oikeudet turvataan lailla. (Ministry of Justice, Finland:

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The European Parliament calls on the Commission to make a proposal to the Council concerning official recognition of the sign language used by deaf people in each Member State.

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was recognised as "the national language of deaf people in Thailand" on 17 August 1999 in a resolution signed by the Permanent Secretary for Education on behalf of the

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La Generalitat garantirà l'ús de la llengua de signes pròpia de les persones sordes, que haurà de ser objecte d'ensenyament, protecció i respecte. (Corts Valencianes:

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Reconócese a todos los efectos a la Lengua de Señas Uruguaya como la lengua natural de las personas sordas y de sus comunidades en todo el territorio de la República

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recognises ASL and indigenous sign languages states that "Sign languages are recognized as the primary languages for communication by deaf persons in Saskatchewan"

559:, LIS) was recognised on 19 May 2021. Although opponents of LIS recognition say that it is not a language because it lacks grammar, its grammar has been studied. 5907: 4837: 4829: 6401: 6207: 919:. The phrase "sign language" is used generically. On 13 November 2009, the Constitutional Review Committee met to explore the possibility of upgrading SASL to 3132: 7325: 650: 380:

The EP issued another resolution in 1998, with essentially the same content as the 1988 resolution. A third resolution was passed in 2016. It was drafted by

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was not specified. Twenty-five-year-old Alex Ndeezi, executive director of the Uganda National Association of the Deaf from 2000 to 2014, was elected to

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The rights of persons using sign language and of persons in need of interpretation or translation aid owing to disability shall be guaranteed by an Act.

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Article 13,4: The Generalitat shall grant the use of the sign language of deaf persons (which shall be used for education) with protection and respect.

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nurture and support it. All those who need to use sign language shall have the opportunity to learn and use Icelandic sign language as soon as their

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Speaking in the Assembly, the Minister set out proposals to increase the number of interpreters and, ultimately, bring forward a Sign Language Bill.

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The "South Korean National Assembly passed legislation to recognize Korean Sign Language as one of Korea's official languages" on 31 December 2015.

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would promote its development and use. KSL is given official status in Article 120 (1), which says that "the official languages of Parliament are

7340: 1591: 2794: 1923: 4624: 2525: 2190: 2095: 2584: 2305: 7330: 6514: 6469: 3491: 2133: 17: 2728: 2564: 2400: 2053: 1609: 1469: 1105:, giving BSL a similar status to Welsh in Wales, and would create a duty for the Welsh government, public bodies to promote the use of BSL. 7361: 6526: 3577: 3572: 2745: 2025: 2000: 1169:"to address discrimination, empower deaf communities and improve relationships between public sector organisations and Deaf communities". 4854: 3073: 2113: 1559:"Why An Accessible Alberta Act?: The status of accessibility policy in Canada and what is needed to support Albertans with disabilities" 2191:"Voorstel van wet van de leden Van Laar en Dik-Faber ter erkenning van Nederlandse gebarentaal (Wet erkenning Nederlandse gebarentaal)" 81:

Australia's Language: The Australian Language and Literacy Policy (page 20). (Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 1991)

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sanctions the use of ASL and Langue des signes québécoise as languages of instruction in all schools for deaf students in Ontario.

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and Kenyan Sign Language and the business of Parliament may be conducted in English, Kiswahili and Kenyan Sign Language."

6787: 3991: 3006: 2898: 2128: 1682:"Saskatchewan recognized ASL and Indigenous sign languages as official languages — and resources are needed for services" 7206: 6833: 6411: 4575: 742: 139: 120: 3306: 2152: 1201:

does not recognize any language, spoken or signed, as an official language. However, several U.S. universities accept

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gained legal recognition with the passage of the Sign Language Law, 155/1998 Sb ("Zákon o znakové řeči 155/1998 Sb").

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The most frequently used framework for the legal recognition of sign languages, adopted and further developed by the

104:§8 (3) Die Österreichische Gebärdensprache ist als eigenständige Sprache anerkannt. Das Nähere bestimmen die Gesetze 7279: 6889: 6858: 6777: 6426: 5229: 2371: 1360:

Taubstumm bis gebärdensprachig. Die österreichische Gebärdensprachgemeinschaft aus soziolinguistischer Perspektive.

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Denotes the number (if known) of languages within the family. No further information is given on these languages.

1719:"ZÁKON ze dne 11. června 1998 o znakové řeči a o změně dalších zákonů - Sbírka zákonů - Nakladatelství Sagit, a.s" 6580: 5629: 4890: 4864: 3731: 1794: 799: 2306:Закон за употреба на знаковниот јазик, Службен весник на Република Македонија, број 105, 21 август 2009, Скопје 7385: 6879: 6772: 6459: 6045: 5099: 3938: 3743: 3655: 2986:

Deaf people yesterday won formal government recognition of British sign language as a language in its own right

2606: 2342: 1078: 718: 3277: 7299: 6262: 6257: 5169: 4526: 3791: 1025: 690: 3163:"Andy Burnham commits to requiring BSL for all Greater Manchester Combined Authority meetings if re-elected" 2454: 2281: 1718: 1450: 1289: 106:. ("Austrian Sign Language is recognised as an independent language. The laws will determine the details.") 7432:

both originated in English-speaking countries but are not related to each other; ASL however is related to

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and Indigenous sign languages (...) as the primary languages for communication by deaf persons in Canada."

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I am pleased to announce formal recognition for both British and Irish Sign Languages in Northern Ireland.

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from 2005 to 2007. The resolution, on sign language and professional sign-language interpreters, draws on

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This Government formally recognised British Sign Language as a language in its own right in January 2004.

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except for criminal-court proceedings. ISL recognition provides more legal rights and better access to

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Zákon o posunkovej reči nepočujúcich osôb 149/1995 Sb (Law of the Sign Language of the Deaf 149/1995).

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The National Curriculum Guide for Compulsory School (Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, 2004)

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was first recognised as a national language of Taiwan in 2019 by the National Languages Act in 2019.

912: 730: 207: 2822:"The National Languages Act (2019), Taiwanese Sign Language, and language planning and policy (LPP)" 7483: 7294: 7145: 7008: 6943: 6906: 6898: 6838: 6823: 6719: 6693: 6685: 6677: 6648: 6531: 6359: 6351: 6338: 6315: 6286: 6238: 6069: 6037: 6013: 5644: 5595: 5505: 5355: 5334: 5275: 5235: 5212: 5199: 5164: 5154: 5104: 5064: 5054: 5019: 5002: 4982: 4900: 4869: 4652: 4090: 3973: 3950: 3796: 3523: 3458: 2560: 1269: 1249: 1162: 970: 753: 4165: 3326: 3205: 1414: 7390: 7211: 7115: 7044: 7013: 7003: 6958: 6953: 6863: 6745: 6711: 6664: 6638: 6622: 6494: 6489: 6145: 6103: 6053: 5973: 5965: 5812: 5720: 5694: 5564: 5548: 5426: 5349: 5288: 5124: 4937: 4921: 4910: 4632: 4397: 4392: 4246: 4226: 4050: 3960: 3945: 3836: 3510: 3504: 3498: 3464: 3069: 2725: 2050: 1617: 1219: 1140: 990: 957: 878: 788: 625:, or LSM) was declared a "national language" in 2003, and it began use in public deaf education. 521: 431: 404: 202:(LIBRAS) was legally recognised in 2002, a 2005 law stipulated that it could not replace written 199: 99: 2753: 2246: 1974: 7478: 7425: 7405: 7130: 6998: 6993: 6973: 6968: 6828: 6764: 6698: 6630: 6590: 6544: 6479: 6474: 6433: 6372: 6346: 6307: 6212: 6181: 6085: 5997: 5931: 5915: 5894: 5857: 5849: 5822: 5751: 5743: 5728: 5712: 5704: 5686: 5662: 5652: 5634: 5439: 5410: 5405: 5339: 5240: 5194: 5179: 5139: 5013: 4997: 4992: 4915: 4895: 4799: 4660: 4637: 4534: 4423: 4387: 4348: 4327: 4281: 4267: 4231: 4061: 4005: 3981: 3928: 3918: 3887: 3786: 3753: 3603: 3481: 3445: 3435: 3381: 2938: 1202: 1005: 831: 815: 254: 218: 91: 6536: 3528: 1488: 649:'s deaf population, legislation is proposed which will bring Nepali law into line with the UN 7429: 7185: 7125: 6983: 6848: 6818: 6656: 6499: 6464: 6406: 6330: 6320: 6299: 6227: 6137: 6111: 6098: 6093: 6077: 6021: 6005: 5989: 5923: 5886: 5873: 5799: 5791: 5733: 5639: 5621: 5608: 5577: 5556: 5540: 5521: 5513: 5431: 5313: 5301: 5270: 5265: 5250: 5223: 5189: 5174: 5144: 5109: 5091: 5044: 4962: 4942: 4815: 4496: 4470: 4364: 4343: 4322: 4306: 4251: 4241: 4195: 4025: 3955: 3892: 3867: 3828: 3820: 3806: 3801: 3738: 3690: 3608: 3469: 3451: 3440: 3225: 2500: 1890: 1630:

In 1988, Manitoba became the first province to officially do so, followed by Alberta in 1990.

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In the 2008 law 18.437 (Ley General de Educación, 12 December 2008), LSU is considered (with

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is recognised by law for education. It is recognized as one of Norway's national languages.

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party introduced a bill to recognise NGT in 2010, but it did not pass. In October 2016, MPs

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legal recognition. Before 2017, there was no automatic right for deaf people to have an ISL

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had focused on oralism (speech and lipreading), and few schools conducted classes in LSM.

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McKee, R. 2007. The eyes have it! Our third official language–New Zealand Sign Language.

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person has vastly more interactions with private businesses than with the public service.

1136: 1117: 757: 709:(Labour Party) took over the bill in September 2019 (after Van Laar's departure), and MP 678: 607: 517: 369: 342: 262: 226: 203: 180:

the formation of a commission to advise the Flemish government on all VGT-related matters

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first language of deaf children, and also increased the need for formal courses in SSL.

1328: 1001: 513: 462: 444: 170: 2769:"Swedish Sign Language as a Second Language: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives" 1040:

adopted a new constitution promoting the development of a sign language for the deaf.

705:(Christian Union) proposed a bill legally recognising NGT as an official language. MP 280:

The Legislative Assembly passed a motion recognising ASL as a language of instruction.

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XXIV (iii). The State shall promote the development of a sign language for the deaf.

717:) joined Kuiken and Dik-Faber. At the end of the month, the Advisory Division of the 2526:"Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities examines the report of Russia" 2318:"Separate special education needs provision in early childhood and school education" 1379:(in French). Parlement de la communauté française. 19 September 2003. Archived from 1185:

pledged to require that there is BSL sign on the live stream of all meetings of the

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National Objectives and Directive Principles of State Policy, Constitution of Uganda

853: 738: 7458: 7269: 7100: 7081: 3251: 3002: 2833: 2776: 2697: 1842: 1655: 1320: 1230:, or LSU), was legally recognised as the language of deaf persons on 10 July 2001. 1223: 940: 869: 803: 710: 599: 584: 580: 327: 31:

differs widely. In some jurisdictions (countries, states, provinces or regions), a

7264: 2837: 7395: 7190: 7170: 7049: 3284: 2732: 2633:"President Cyril Ramaphosa: Signing ceremony of South African Sign Language Bill" 2568: 2488: 2057: 1851: 1827: 1158: 777: 702: 694: 32: 2821: 419: 233:. It is not officially recognised, and has been replaced by ASL in schools. The 7304: 7289: 7180: 7165: 6935: 3191: 2294:

New Zealand Sign Language is declared to be an official language of New Zealand

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BSL achieved non-legislative recognition in 2011 by the Scottish government

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as a language of England, Scotland, and Wales in 2022. On 28 April 2022, the

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Lin, Yi-Li; Ku, Fang-Huai; Ku, Yu-Shan; Andrews, Jean F. (24 October 2023).

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to study it. The law also ensures the right to an interpreter upon request.

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Faurot, Karla; Dellinger, Dianne; Eatough, Andy; Parkhurst, Steve (2001) .

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als dustanig en (3) de Vlaamse overheid uit haar waardering voor deze taal.

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Behares, Luis Ernesto; Brovetto, Claudia; Peluso Crespi, Leonardo (2012).

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BSL achieved non-legislative recognition in 2004 by the Welsh government.

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signed language; several different signed languages may be commonly used.

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is diagnosed. Their immediate family members shall have the same right."

2249:(in Dutch). Advisory Division of the Council of State. 30 September 2019 7400: 7039: 6382: 6191: 5600: 5074: 4015: 1895:. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing. p. 95. 1311:

De Meulder, Maartje (2015). "The Legal Recognition of Sign Languages".

502: 486: 2001:"Irish Sign Language set to be given official status - Independent.ie" 6925: 6894: 6750: 6186: 1272:

as one of the sixteen "officially recognised languages of Zimbabwe".

357: 2221:"Initiatiefwet: Nederlandse Gebarentaal erkennen als officiële taal" 7105: 7064: 6915: 6669: 3032:"A long way to go before British Sign Language is fully recognised" 2426:

Ley Que Otorga Reconocimiento Oficial A La Lengua De Señas Peruanas

1544:"Inuit sign language makes debut in Nunavut legislature - CBC News" 1473: 490: 458: 2188: 6740: 2671: 1215: 3339: 3240:"Language Policies in Uruguay and Uruguayan Sign Language (LSU)" 1644:"Sign language planning and policy in Ontario teacher education" 94:(Österreichische Gebärdensprache, or ÖGS) was recognised by the 7369: 6454: 3726: 3714: 2126: 1493:. Toronto, Ontario: McClelland & Stewart Inc. p. 640. 1094: 1037: 630: 128: 67: 3099:"Communities Minister outlines way forward for Sign Languages" 2096:"Parliament gives Maltese sign language official recognition" 1470:"How the deaf community is preserving Maritime Sign Language" 1020:

is used by the country's deaf community. On 1 July 2005, the

646: 576: 482: 210:

curriculum, and LIBRAS is an elective undergraduate subject.

3278:

Chapter 1, section 6, Constitution of Zimbabwe (final draft)

3237: 7069: 7059: 3322:(Belgian French Community decree recognising sign language) 2432:(in Spanish). Vol. 496850–2. Peru. 21 May 2010. 419231 1608:

Carbin, Clifton F.; Smith, Dorothy L. (16 December 2013) .

1550: 1415:"Decreet houdende de erkenning van de Vlaamse Gebarentaal ( 1120:

as a language of Scotland in 2015. On 22 October 2015, the

835: 541: 3320:

Décret relatif à la reconnaissance de la langue des signes

1597:. Edmonton: Alberta Legislative Assembly. 1990. p. 3. 745:

was passed in the New Zealand Parliament on 6 April 2006.

148:

Décret relatif à la reconnaissance de la langue des signes

2026:"Irish sign language set to receive official recognition" 1816:

Sign language and professional sign language interpreters

1268:, grouped as "sign language", are recognised in the 2013 674:

Roelof van Laar explaining the 2016 bill to recognise NGT

3328:

Decreet houdende de erkenning van de Vlaamse Gebarentaal

2189:

Attje Kuiken & Carla Dik-Faber (27 September 2019).

1290:"The Legal Recognition of National Sign Languages | WFD" 771: 2752:. Colombo, Sri Lanka. 23 September 2010. Archived from 2284:(Public Act No 18). New Zealand. 2006. Part 2 cl 6 1781:"European Parliament Resolution on Sign Languages 1988" 509:

passed on 14 December 2017, and was signed into law by

3335:

European Parliament Resolution on Sign Languages, 1988

2501:"Russian Sign Language | Minority languages of Russia" 2110:

Ley Federal para Prevenir y Eliminar la Discriminación

1924:"Irish Sign Language given official legal recognition" 384:, Europe's first deaf female MEP and president of the 76:

of communication within the Australian Deaf Community.

7326:

Association of Visual Language Interpreters of Canada

3066:"Paul Murphy announces recognition for sign language" 1373:"Relatif à la reconnaissance de la langue des signes" 883: 651:

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

3330:(Decree on the Recognition of Flemish Sign Language) 2343:"Norwegian Sign Language - World Atlas of Languages" 1870:. Parliament of the Republic of Iceland. 7 June 2011 1741:"The Danish Sign Language Council — Dansk Sprognævn" 645:

has not been recognised as the official language of

2372:"Two Sign Languages Given Official Language Status" 1949:"President signs Irish Sign Language bill into law" 1009:interpreters for deaf people in higher education." 2455:"The Legal Recognition of National Sign Languages" 2176:"PvdA en CU: erken gebarentaal als officiële taal" 2153:"Erken Nederlandse gebarentaal als officiële taal" 1975:"Dáil passes 'historic' sign language legislation" 1568:. Alberta Accessibility Legislation Advisory Group 1417:Decree on the recognition of Flemish Sign Language 268:The ACA only recognises ASL at the federal level. 50:Extending legal recognition is a major concern of 2766: 481:(IPSL) is officially unrecognised, it is used in 7470: 3301:Report on the status of Sign Languages in Europe 2767:Nilsson, Anna-Lena; Schönström, Krister (2014). 2607:"Signing set to become official language | eNCA" 2398: 412:Section 17 - Right to one's language and culture 7341:World Association of Sign Language Interpreters 2726:Estatut d'Autonomia de la Communitat Valenciana 1375:[Related to sign language recognition] 288:Manitoba has legally recognised ASL since 1988. 206:. The language must be taught as a part of the 169:or VGT) was recognised on 24 April 2006 by the 2819: 2218: 2173: 1139:were given non-legislative recognition by the 7331:International Center on Deafness and the Arts 3355: 3307:Official Recognition of British Sign Language 2072:. Kenya. 2010. ch. 8 § 120(1). Archived from 911:(SASL) was not specifically recognised as an 814:Article 3 of Republic Act No. 11106 declared 689:, or NGT) was recognised by law in 2020. The 356:gained legal recognition on 13 May 2014. The 271: 5389: 3405: 3270: 2155:(in Dutch). Algemeen Dagblad. 3 October 2016 2129:"The identity of Mexican sign as a language" 1524:. Canadian Ministry of Justice. 21 June 2019 1097:as a language of Wales, with the passage of 434:was recognised by law in education in 2004: 138:the formation of a commission to advise the 1795:"Resolution on sign languages for the deaf" 1616:. The Canadian Encyclopedia. Archived from 1607: 1556: 943:, passed the Law 27/2007 (23 October 2007) 606:, or LSM) was officially recognised by the 253:(ACA), passed on 21 June 2019, recognised " 3362: 3348: 3160: 2473: 2366: 2364: 1857: 1451:Brazilian decree nº 5626, 22 December 2005 1444: 1432: 1310: 575:and, according to Article 7.3b, says that 131:in October 2003. The recognition entails: 47:, was developed by Dr Maartje De Meulder. 3206:"Early Start Resources - SB 210 - Lead K" 2856: 2854: 2718: 2695: 1835: 1122:British Sign Language (Scotland) Act 2015 969:According to a 23 September 2010 report, 2559:Chapter 1 - Founding Provisions (1996). 1557:Hertel, Dustin; Petit, Matthieu (2020). 1522:"Accessible Canada Act S.C. 2019, c. 10" 1103:British Sign Language (BSL) (Wales) Bill 660: 7136:Manually coded language in South Africa 2892:"Agenda Item: People with Disabilities" 2746:"Sign language recognized in Sri Lanka" 2361: 1820: 1707:Ley 20422 BCN LEGISLACIÓN CHILENA, 2010 1641: 838:national sign language by law in 2010. 183:funding of VGT research and development 14: 7471: 3130: 2851: 2826:Deafness & Education International 2773:Teaching and Learning Signed Languages 2198:Brief van de leden Kuiken en Dik-Faber 2145: 2051:Michele Brunelli: Grammatica della LIS 1844:Aðalnámskrá grunnskóla: Almennur hluti 1463: 1461: 1459: 1407: 1398: 806:fourth official language in May 2015. 472: 457:process begins, or from the time when 102:was amended to include a new article: 71:interpreters is becoming more common. 5388: 3404: 3343: 2449: 2447: 2399:Genalyn Kabiling (12 November 2018). 2299: 2200:(in Dutch). Senate of the Netherlands 1888: 1721:(in Czech). Sagit.cz. 1 December 2000 1688:. The Conversation Trust (UK) Limited 1679: 1486: 1467: 1206:first language is a signed language. 1187:Greater Manchester Combined Authority 1172: 939:In 2007, the Spanish parliament, the 241:, took over until it closed in 1995. 29:legal recognition of signed languages 2482:Constituição da república portuguesa 1642:Snoddon, Kristin (9 December 2020). 516:on 24 December of that year, giving 153: 57: 7447: 7438: 7416: 4173:Creole Hawaiʻi Sign Language (CHSL) 3133:"Charter for British Sign Language" 3131:Sheikh, Sakina (21 December 2023). 2219:Linda de Groot (5 September 2019). 1680:Koole, Marguerite (22 April 2024). 1456: 1127: 794: 114: 24: 5486:Somalia, Somaliland & Djibouti 5100:Jamaican Country (KS/Konchri Sain) 3189: 3042:from the original on 25 March 2024 2444: 2282:New Zealand Sign Language Act 2006 748: 743:New Zealand Sign Language Act 2006 140:Government of the French Community 121:Parliament of the French Community 98:in 2005. On 1 September 2005, the 25: 7495: 3369: 3312: 3109:from the original on 4 March 2024 2976:from the original on 9 March 2021 2797:from the original on 14 June 2018 2174:Beila Heilbron (3 October 2016). 1892:Reciprocals and Semantic Typology 1167:Charter for British Sign Language 1152: 1062: 1022:Grand National Assembly of Turkey 737:third official language, joining 363: 337: 177:a cultural (symbolic) recognition 7068: 6859:Sandy River Valley Sign Language 3009:from the original on 2 June 2023 2964:"Sign language wins recognition" 1797:. Eur-lex.europa.eu. 27 May 1987 1468:Davie, Emma (31 December 2019). 1252:was recognised in the country's 1192: 1075:Parliament of the United Kingdom 973:has been officially recognised. 7449: 7440: 7418: 7386:U.S. Army hand and arm signals 6470:Far North Queensland Indigenous 5092:Keresan Pueblo (KPISL/Keresign) 3231: 3212: 3198: 3183: 3154: 3124: 3091: 3072:. 30 March 2004. Archived from 3058: 3024: 2991: 2956: 2931: 2916: 2884: 2813: 2760: 2738: 2689: 2664: 2639: 2625: 2599: 2573: 2553: 2544: 2518: 2493: 2418: 2392: 2378: 2335: 2310: 2274: 2261: 2239: 2212: 2182: 2167: 2134:Summer Institute of Linguistics 2120: 2116:(in Spanish). 11 June 2003 . 8. 2102: 2088: 2062: 2044: 2018: 1993: 1967: 1941: 1916: 1882: 1809: 1787: 1773: 1751: 1733: 1711: 1700: 1673: 1635: 1601: 1584: 1536: 1514: 1480: 958:Statute of Autonomy of Valencia 902: 899:was recognised in 1995 by law. 800:Papua New Guinean Sign Language 135:cultural (symbolic) recognition 7207:Bilingual–bicultural education 6527:Western Torres Strait Islander 5601:Kata Kolok (Benkala, Balinese) 3578:Western Torres Strait Islander 3161:O'Dell, Liam (26 April 2024). 2943:Members of the 10th Parliament 2386:The Filipino Sign Language Act 2269:Journal of New Zealand Studies 1365: 1352: 1345:Sarah C. E. Batterbury. 2012. 1339: 1304: 1282: 1079:British Sign Language Act 2022 926: 809: 725: 656: 13: 1: 6279:Greenlandic (Ussersuataarneq) 5427:Adamorobe (AdaSL / Mumu kasa) 5289:Adamorobe (AdaSL / Mumu kasa) 5038:Greenlandic (Ussersuataarneq) 4545:Taiwanese (TSL/Taiwan Shouyu) 2838:10.1080/14643154.2023.2284395 1275: 1218:has no "official" languages, 1093:BSL may be recognised by the 18:Recognition of sign languages 4865:Providence Island (Provisle) 4515:North West Frontier Province 2178:(in Dutch). NRC Handelsblad. 1244: 1177:In 2024, as a candidate for 964: 507:Irish Sign Language Act 2017 479:Indo-Pakistani Sign Language 125:French Belgian Sign Language 62: 45:World Federation of the Deaf 7: 6465:Akitiri (Eltye eltyarrenke) 3194:. University of New Mexico. 2322:eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu 1614:www.thecanadianencyclopedia 1259: 1179:Mayor of Greater Manchester 1108: 996: 946: 909:South African Sign Language 891: 884: 841: 830:Peru officially recognized 772: 420:The Constitution of Finland 310:Accessible Saskatchewan Act 235:Halifax School for the Deaf 173:. The recognition entails: 142:in all LSFB-related matters 10: 7500: 7336:Mimics and Gesture Theatre 6545:Hawaiʻan (Haoilona ʻŌlelo) 6475:Arrernte (Iltyeme iltyeme) 5261:Trinidad and Tobago (TTSL) 5115:Hausa (HSL/Magannar Hannu) 4535:Japanese (JSL/Nihon Shuwa) 3929:Estonian (Eesti viipekeel) 3294: 3103:Department for Communities 2647:"Korean Sign Language Act" 1660:10.1007/s10993-020-09569-7 1358:Krausneker, Verena (2006) 1209: 1116:BSL was recognised by the 1073:BSL was recognised by the 604:Lingwa tas-Sinjali Maltija 496: 426: 395: 386:European Union of the Deaf 348: 272:Provincial and Territorial 244: 221:(MSL), which derives from 109: 86: 7414: 7349: 7318: 7247: 7224: 7199: 7114: 7091: 7080: 7032: 6934: 6872: 6801: 6763: 6728: 6612: 6581:Papua New Guinean (PNGSL) 6444: 6154: 5839: 5530: 5395: 5381: 5322: 5020:Hawaiʻi (Hoailona ʻŌlelo) 4878: 4853: 4830:Ktunaxa (ʾa·qanⱡiⱡⱡitnam) 4814: 4797: 4678: 4669: 4651: 4623: 4587: 4553: 4525: 4479: 4451: 4414: 4378: 4357: 4336: 4315: 4294: 4260: 4237:Kazakh-Russian (KSL/KRSL) 4219: 4210: 4180: 4163: 4146: 4107: 4083: 4001: 3990: 3914: 3905: 3876: 3863: 3854: 3819: 3777: 3732:Papua New Guinean (PNGSL) 3722: 3713: 3683: 3654: 3641: 3632: 3599: 3590: 3565: 3537: 3411: 3395: 3387:List by number of signers 3377: 1490:The Canadian Encyclopedia 1266:Zimbabwean sign languages 1161:, Sadiq Khan, signed the 1147: 1031: 1012: 985: 976: 873: 860: 783: 773:Makedonski znakoven jazik 762:Македонски знаковен јазик 761: 731:New Zealand Sign Language 613: 557:Lingua dei Segni Italiana 213: 208:speech-language pathology 193: 7146:Paget Gorman Sign System 6600:Samoa and American Samoa 5390:Sign languages by region 5175:Ottoman (Seraglio/Harem) 4901:Albarradas Sign Language 4891:Al-Sayyid Bedouin (ABSL) 4724:Meciciya ka pekiskwakehk 4576:Martha's Vineyard (MVSL) 4540:Korean (KSL/Hanguk Sueo) 3792:Finland-Swedish (FinSSL) 3406:Sign languages by family 3137:Greater London Authority 2705:Universidad de Salamanca 2347:World Atlas of Languages 1889:Evans, Nicholas (2011). 1487:Marsh, James H. (1999). 1270:Constitution of Zimbabwe 1250:Venezuelan Sign Language 1228:Lengua de señas uruguaya 1163:British Deaf Association 1085: 971:Sri Lankan Sign Language 934: 854:Constitution of Portugal 754:Macedonian Sign Language 636: 623:lengua de señas mexicana 590: 562: 547: 318: 7391:Monastic sign languages 7239:Television shows (list) 7212:Manually coded language 7045:Hamburg Notation System 4838:Shuswap (Secwepemcékst) 4084:Indonesian (Nusantaric) 3807:Finnish (Viittomakieli) 3744:Northern Ireland (NISL) 3070:Northern Ireland Office 2999:"British Sign Language" 2862:"Archive: On The Green" 2781:10.1057/9781137312495_2 1566:access4disabilities.org 1220:Uruguayan Sign Language 1141:Northern Ireland Office 991:Taiwanese Sign Language 885:Russkii zhestovyi yazyk 825: 789:Norwegian Sign Language 687:Nederlandse Gebarentaal 432:Icelandic Sign Language 332:Lengua de Señas Chilena 200:Brazilian Sign Language 100:Constitution of Austria 7362:CHCI chimpanzee center 7131:Manually coded English 6829:Henniker Sign Language 6495:Warumungu (Warramunga) 6480:Warlpiri (Rdaka rdaka) 5474:Hausa (Magannar Hannu) 3382:List of sign languages 3283:2 October 2013 at the 2428:(Law No. 29535). 2084:– via Kenya Law. 1227: 1203:American Sign Language 1060: 962: 858: 832:Peruvian Sign Language 816:Filipino Sign Language 686: 675: 603: 450: 447:(official translation) 424: 403:was recognised in the 378: 331: 255:American Sign Language 219:Maritime Sign Language 191: 166: 92:Austrian Sign Language 84: 7186:Signing Exact English 7126:Indian Signing System 6849:Plateau Sign Language 6223:Inuit (Atgangmuurniq) 5800:Tibetan (Bökyi lagda) 5330:Amami Shuwa languages 5003:Guatemalan (Lensegua) 4943:Tibetan (Bökyi lagda) 4922:Caucasian (Harsneren) 4870:Old Cayman (Guyanese) 4398:Norwegian (Tegnspråk) 4370:French Belgian (LSFB) 3802:Swedish (Teckenspråk) 3256:10.1353/sls.2012.0008 3244:Sign Language Studies 3226:Parliament of Uruguay 2756:on 25 September 2010. 1325:10.1353/sls.2015.0018 1313:Sign Language Studies 1256:on 12 November 1999. 1068:British Sign Language 1050: 1042:Ugandan Sign Language 1018:Turkish Sign Language 1006:Royal Thai Government 950: 874:Русский жестовый язык 866:Russian Sign Language 845: 673: 619:Mexican Sign Language 596:Maltese Sign Language 569:Constitution of Kenya 553:Italian Sign Language 436: 409: 401:Finnish Sign Language 374: 324:Chilean Sign Language 298:Ontario Education Act 251:Accessible Canada Act 223:British Sign Language 186: 159:Flemish Sign Language 73: 7434:French Sign Language 7141:Manually Coded Malay 6949:British (two-handed) 6885:Bimodal bilingualism 6515:Far North Queensland 5823:Ban Khor (Pasa kidd) 5345:Sri Lankan languages 5276:Venezuelan (LSV/VSL) 5180:Ban Khor (Pasa kidd) 4691:Chaticks si Chaticks 4671:Plains Sign Language 4589:Mayan (Meemul Tziij) 4091:Indonesian (Bisindo) 3769:South African (SASL) 3492:Far North Queensland 3105:. 20 February 2024. 2866:Gallaudet University 2505:minlang.iling-ran.ru 1386:on 27 September 2006 1239:Uruguayan Portuguese 897:Slovak Sign Language 643:Nepali Sign Language 573:Kenyan Sign Language 455:language acquisition 354:Danish Sign Language 259:Quebec Sign Language 239:Amherst, Nova Scotia 5356:Tanzanian languages 5335:Ethiopian languages 5302:Nanabin (NanabinSL) 4393:Icelandic (Táknmál) 4108:Francophone African 4066:Puerto Rican (PRSL) 3924:Swiss-German (DSGS) 3855:Chilean-Paraguayan- 3038:. 20 October 2016. 3005:. 20 October 2016. 2635:– via gov.za. 2374:. 23 February 2016. 1829:Suomen perustuslaki 1759:"Published by: EUD" 1137:Irish Sign Language 1118:Scottish Parliament 1036:On 8 October 1995, 1024:enacted an updated 679:Dutch Sign Language 608:Parliament of Malta 518:Irish Sign Language 473:Indian subcontinent 370:European Parliament 343:Czech Sign Language 263:Inuit Sign Language 167:Vlaamse Gebarentaal 96:Austrian Parliament 7357:Baby sign language 7255:Jabbar Baghtcheban 6736:International Sign 6639:Brazilian (Libras) 6553:New Zealand (NZSL) 6500:Mudbura (Mudburra) 6428:Sandy River Valley 6407:Keresan (Keresign) 5998:Yugoslav (Kosovar) 5369:International Sign 5350:Sudanese languages 4973:Navajo/Diné Family 4787:Wíyut'a / Wíblut'e 4625:Original Thai Sign 4403:Danish (Tegnsprog) 3946:Brazilian (Libras) 3759:New Zealand (NZSL) 2775:. pp. 11–34. 2731:2007-09-26 at the 2567:2011-06-29 at the 2532:. 28 February 2018 2487:2007-08-09 at the 2141:on 6 October 2017. 2056:2011-07-22 at the 2032:. 14 December 2017 1981:. 14 December 2017 1955:. 24 December 2017 1850:2007-09-27 at the 1199:federal government 1173:Greater Manchester 1002:Thai Sign Language 676: 514:Michael D. Higgins 463:hearing impairment 231:Maritime provinces 171:Flemish Parliament 7466: 7465: 7459:extinct languages 7381:Legal recognition 7260:Jeanette Berglind 7220: 7219: 6921:Nonmanual feature 6834:Martha's Vineyard 6759: 6758: 6413:Martha's Vineyard 5908:Faroese (Teknmál) 5630:Al-Sayyid Bedouin 5440:Bouakako (LaSiBo) 5377: 5376: 5362:Zimsign languages 5340:Laotian languages 5224:Rwandan (AKR/AMR) 4983:Ecuadorian (LSEC) 4928:Azerbaijani (AİD) 4849: 4848: 4447: 4446: 4290: 4289: 4206: 4205: 4196:Cypriot (ΚΝΓ/KNG) 3901: 3900: 3829:Chinese (CSL/ZGS) 3815: 3814: 3709: 3708: 3679: 3678: 3586: 3585: 3441:Eltye eltyarrenke 3421: 3420:multiple families 3190:Wilcox, Sherman. 2972:. 19 March 2003. 2790:978-1-349-45728-1 2461:. 6 December 2020 2271:, NS 4-5.129-148. 2076:on 5 January 2024 1439:24 April 2002 law 1292:. 6 December 2020 1235:Uruguayan Spanish 915:by the country's 913:official language 882: 770: 739:English and Māori 671: 392:and linguistics. 358:Danish Parliament 154:Flemish Community 146:According to the 58:Status by country 16:(Redirected from 7491: 7453: 7444: 7422: 7310:Pierre Pélissier 7295:Thomas Gallaudet 7270:Thomas Braidwood 7101:Initialized sign 7089: 7088: 7072: 6557:Papua New Guinea 6460:Australian-Irish 6166:Plains Sign Talk 6046:Northern Ireland 6042:Northern Ireland 5565:Hong Kong (HKSL) 5386: 5385: 5165:Nicaraguan (ISN) 5080:Kenyan (KSL/LAK) 4896:Albanian (AlbSL) 4676: 4675: 4490:Bangalore-Madras 4471:Israeli (Shassi) 4439:Thai (TSL/MSTSL) 4349:Honduran (LESHO) 4217: 4216: 4075:Singapore (SgSL) 4011:Black ASL (BASL) 3999: 3998: 3939:Australian-Irish 3912: 3911: 3861: 3860: 3837:Hong Kong (HKSL) 3797:Portuguese (LGP) 3787:Eritrean (EriSL) 3720: 3719: 3639: 3638: 3597: 3596: 3535: 3534: 3419: 3402: 3401: 3364: 3357: 3350: 3341: 3340: 3288: 3274: 3268: 3267: 3235: 3229: 3216: 3210: 3209: 3202: 3196: 3195: 3187: 3181: 3180: 3175: 3173: 3158: 3152: 3151: 3145: 3143: 3128: 3122: 3121: 3116: 3114: 3095: 3089: 3088: 3083: 3081: 3062: 3056: 3055: 3049: 3047: 3036:Third Force News 3028: 3022: 3021: 3016: 3014: 3003:Welsh Government 2995: 2989: 2988: 2983: 2981: 2960: 2954: 2953: 2951: 2949: 2935: 2929: 2920: 2914: 2913: 2911: 2909: 2903: 2897:. Archived from 2896: 2888: 2882: 2881: 2879: 2877: 2868:. Archived from 2858: 2849: 2848: 2846: 2844: 2817: 2811: 2810: 2804: 2802: 2764: 2758: 2757: 2742: 2736: 2722: 2716: 2715: 2713: 2711: 2702: 2693: 2687: 2686: 2684: 2682: 2668: 2662: 2661: 2659: 2657: 2643: 2637: 2636: 2629: 2623: 2622: 2620: 2618: 2603: 2597: 2596: 2594: 2592: 2583:. Archived from 2577: 2571: 2557: 2551: 2548: 2542: 2541: 2539: 2537: 2522: 2516: 2515: 2513: 2511: 2497: 2491: 2477: 2471: 2470: 2468: 2466: 2451: 2442: 2441: 2439: 2437: 2422: 2416: 2415: 2413: 2411: 2396: 2390: 2389: 2382: 2376: 2375: 2368: 2359: 2358: 2356: 2354: 2339: 2333: 2332: 2330: 2328: 2314: 2308: 2303: 2297: 2296: 2291: 2289: 2278: 2272: 2265: 2259: 2258: 2256: 2254: 2243: 2237: 2236: 2234: 2232: 2216: 2210: 2209: 2207: 2205: 2195: 2186: 2180: 2179: 2171: 2165: 2164: 2162: 2160: 2149: 2143: 2142: 2137:. Archived from 2124: 2118: 2117: 2106: 2100: 2099: 2092: 2086: 2085: 2083: 2081: 2066: 2060: 2048: 2042: 2041: 2039: 2037: 2022: 2016: 2015: 2013: 2011: 1997: 1991: 1990: 1988: 1986: 1971: 1965: 1964: 1962: 1960: 1945: 1939: 1938: 1936: 1934: 1920: 1914: 1913: 1911: 1909: 1886: 1880: 1879: 1877: 1875: 1869: 1861: 1855: 1839: 1833: 1824: 1818: 1813: 1807: 1806: 1804: 1802: 1791: 1785: 1784: 1777: 1771: 1770: 1768: 1766: 1755: 1749: 1748: 1737: 1731: 1730: 1728: 1726: 1715: 1709: 1704: 1698: 1697: 1695: 1693: 1686:The Conversation 1677: 1671: 1670: 1668: 1666: 1639: 1633: 1632: 1627: 1625: 1605: 1599: 1598: 1596: 1588: 1582: 1581: 1575: 1573: 1563: 1554: 1548: 1547: 1540: 1534: 1533: 1531: 1529: 1518: 1512: 1511: 1509: 1507: 1484: 1478: 1477: 1465: 1454: 1448: 1442: 1436: 1430: 1429: 1423: 1411: 1405: 1402: 1396: 1395: 1393: 1391: 1385: 1378: 1369: 1363: 1356: 1350: 1343: 1337: 1336: 1308: 1302: 1301: 1299: 1297: 1286: 1128:Northern Ireland 1058: 960: 941:Cortes Generales 887: 877: 875: 856: 795:Papua New Guinea 775: 765: 763: 719:Council of State 711:Jessica van Eijs 672: 503:Irish Parliament 448: 422: 407:in August 1995: 115:French Community 82: 21: 7499: 7498: 7494: 7493: 7492: 7490: 7489: 7488: 7484:Language policy 7469: 7468: 7467: 7462: 7410: 7396:Tactile signing 7345: 7314: 7243: 7216: 7195: 7171:Signed Japanese 7117: 7110: 7083: 7076: 7050:Stokoe notation 7028: 6930: 6890:Phonology (ASL) 6868: 6803: 6797: 6755: 6724: 6623:Argentine (LSA) 6608: 6440: 6263:New Costa Rican 6258:Old Costa Rican 6158: 6156: 6150: 6034:North Macedonia 5835: 5526: 5461:Bamako (LaSiMa) 5391: 5373: 5323:Other groupings 5318: 5170:Old Costa Rican 5145:Burkina (Mossi) 5125:Mauritian (MSL) 4998:Ghardaia (AJSL) 4911:Argentine (LSA) 4874: 4856: 4845: 4810: 4793: 4665: 4647: 4619: 4583: 4549: 4521: 4482: 4475: 4443: 4410: 4380:Danish (Tegnic) 4374: 4353: 4332: 4311: 4286: 4261:Yugoslavic Sign 4256: 4227:Bulgarian (БЖЕ) 4212: 4202: 4191:Greek (ΕΝΓ/ENG) 4176: 4166:Hoailona ʻŌlelo 4159: 4142: 4129:Bamako (LaSiMa) 4110:(Françafrosign) 4109: 4103: 4079: 4051:Malaysian (BIM) 3993: 3986: 3961:Valencian (LSV) 3897: 3888:Paraguay (LSPY) 3879: 3872: 3856: 3850: 3811: 3773: 3705: 3675: 3650: 3634: 3628: 3592:Arab (Ishaaric) 3582: 3561: 3533: 3446:Iltyeme iltyeme 3417: 3414: 3407: 3397: 3391: 3373: 3368: 3315: 3297: 3292: 3291: 3285:Wayback Machine 3275: 3271: 3236: 3232: 3219:Ley No. 17.378. 3217: 3213: 3204: 3203: 3199: 3188: 3184: 3171: 3169: 3159: 3155: 3141: 3139: 3129: 3125: 3112: 3110: 3097: 3096: 3092: 3079: 3077: 3064: 3063: 3059: 3045: 3043: 3030: 3029: 3025: 3012: 3010: 2997: 2996: 2992: 2979: 2977: 2962: 2961: 2957: 2947: 2945: 2937: 2936: 2932: 2921: 2917: 2907: 2905: 2904:on 4 April 2007 2901: 2894: 2890: 2889: 2885: 2875: 2873: 2872:on 3 March 2016 2860: 2859: 2852: 2842: 2840: 2818: 2814: 2800: 2798: 2791: 2765: 2761: 2744: 2743: 2739: 2733:Wayback Machine 2723: 2719: 2709: 2707: 2700: 2696:King of Spain. 2694: 2690: 2680: 2678: 2670: 2669: 2665: 2655: 2653: 2651:elaw.klri.re.kr 2645: 2644: 2640: 2631: 2630: 2626: 2616: 2614: 2605: 2604: 2600: 2590: 2588: 2579: 2578: 2574: 2569:Wayback Machine 2558: 2554: 2549: 2545: 2535: 2533: 2524: 2523: 2519: 2509: 2507: 2499: 2498: 2494: 2489:Wayback Machine 2478: 2474: 2464: 2462: 2453: 2452: 2445: 2435: 2433: 2424: 2423: 2419: 2409: 2407: 2405:Manila Bulletin 2397: 2393: 2384: 2383: 2379: 2370: 2369: 2362: 2352: 2350: 2341: 2340: 2336: 2326: 2324: 2316: 2315: 2311: 2304: 2300: 2287: 2285: 2280: 2279: 2275: 2266: 2262: 2252: 2250: 2245: 2244: 2240: 2230: 2228: 2227:(in Dutch). NOS 2217: 2213: 2203: 2201: 2193: 2187: 2183: 2172: 2168: 2158: 2156: 2151: 2150: 2146: 2125: 2121: 2108: 2107: 2103: 2094: 2093: 2089: 2079: 2077: 2068: 2067: 2063: 2058:Wayback Machine 2049: 2045: 2035: 2033: 2024: 2023: 2019: 2009: 2007: 1999: 1998: 1994: 1984: 1982: 1973: 1972: 1968: 1958: 1956: 1947: 1946: 1942: 1932: 1930: 1928:The Irish Times 1922: 1921: 1917: 1907: 1905: 1903: 1887: 1883: 1873: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1862: 1858: 1852:Wayback Machine 1840: 1836: 1825: 1821: 1814: 1810: 1800: 1798: 1793: 1792: 1788: 1779: 1778: 1774: 1764: 1762: 1757: 1756: 1752: 1739: 1738: 1734: 1724: 1722: 1717: 1716: 1712: 1705: 1701: 1691: 1689: 1678: 1674: 1664: 1662: 1648:Language Policy 1640: 1636: 1623: 1621: 1606: 1602: 1594: 1590: 1589: 1585: 1571: 1569: 1561: 1555: 1551: 1542: 1541: 1537: 1527: 1525: 1520: 1519: 1515: 1505: 1503: 1501: 1485: 1481: 1466: 1457: 1449: 1445: 1437: 1433: 1421: 1413: 1412: 1408: 1403: 1399: 1389: 1387: 1383: 1376: 1371: 1370: 1366: 1357: 1353: 1347:Language Policy 1344: 1340: 1309: 1305: 1295: 1293: 1288: 1287: 1283: 1278: 1262: 1247: 1212: 1195: 1175: 1159:Mayor of London 1155: 1150: 1130: 1111: 1088: 1065: 1059: 1056: 1034: 1015: 999: 988: 979: 967: 961: 956: 949: 937: 929: 905: 894: 863: 857: 852: 844: 828: 812: 797: 786: 778:North Macedonia 751: 749:North Macedonia 728: 703:Carla Dik-Faber 695:Roelof van Laar 691:Christian Union 661: 659: 639: 616: 610:in March 2016. 593: 565: 550: 526:public services 499: 475: 449: 443: 429: 423: 418: 398: 366: 351: 340: 321: 274: 247: 216: 196: 156: 117: 112: 89: 83: 80: 65: 60: 33:signed language 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7497: 7487: 7486: 7481: 7464: 7463: 7415: 7412: 7411: 7409: 7408: 7403: 7398: 7393: 7388: 7383: 7378: 7373: 7359: 7353: 7351: 7347: 7346: 7344: 7343: 7338: 7333: 7328: 7322: 7320: 7316: 7315: 7313: 7312: 7307: 7305:William Stokoe 7302: 7297: 7292: 7290:Valerie Sutton 7287: 7282: 7280:Abbé de l'Épée 7277: 7272: 7267: 7262: 7257: 7251: 7249: 7245: 7244: 7242: 7241: 7236: 7230: 7228: 7222: 7221: 7218: 7217: 7215: 7214: 7209: 7203: 7201: 7197: 7196: 7194: 7193: 7191:Signed Swedish 7188: 7183: 7181:Signed Spanish 7178: 7173: 7168: 7166:Signed Italian 7163: 7158: 7153: 7148: 7143: 7138: 7133: 7128: 7122: 7120: 7112: 7111: 7109: 7108: 7103: 7098: 7092: 7086: 7078: 7077: 7075: 7074: 7062: 7057: 7052: 7047: 7042: 7036: 7034: 7030: 7029: 7027: 7026: 7021: 7016: 7011: 7009:Serbo-Croatian 7006: 7001: 6996: 6991: 6986: 6981: 6976: 6971: 6966: 6961: 6956: 6951: 6946: 6940: 6938: 6936:Fingerspelling 6932: 6931: 6929: 6928: 6923: 6918: 6913: 6892: 6887: 6882: 6876: 6874: 6870: 6869: 6867: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6851: 6846: 6841: 6836: 6831: 6826: 6821: 6816: 6811: 6807: 6805: 6799: 6798: 6796: 6795: 6790: 6785: 6780: 6775: 6769: 6767: 6761: 6760: 6757: 6756: 6754: 6753: 6748: 6743: 6738: 6732: 6730: 6726: 6725: 6723: 6722: 6717: 6714: 6709: 6706: 6701: 6696: 6691: 6688: 6683: 6680: 6675: 6672: 6667: 6662: 6659: 6654: 6651: 6646: 6641: 6636: 6633: 6628: 6625: 6620: 6616: 6614: 6610: 6609: 6607: 6606: 6601: 6598: 6593: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6563: 6558: 6555: 6550: 6547: 6542: 6539: 6534: 6529: 6524: 6522:Western Desert 6519: 6518: 6517: 6507: 6502: 6497: 6492: 6487: 6482: 6477: 6472: 6467: 6462: 6457: 6452: 6448: 6446: 6442: 6441: 6439: 6438: 6431: 6424: 6419: 6416: 6409: 6404: 6399: 6396: 6393: 6390: 6387: 6386: 6385: 6380: 6373:American (ASL) 6370: 6367: 6365:Old Salvadoran 6362: 6357: 6354: 6349: 6344: 6341: 6336: 6333: 6328: 6323: 6318: 6313: 6310: 6305: 6302: 6297: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6281: 6276: 6273: 6268: 6265: 6260: 6255: 6250: 6245: 6242: 6235: 6232: 6225: 6220: 6215: 6213:Maritime (MSL) 6210: 6205: 6202: 6199: 6196: 6195: 6194: 6189: 6182:American (ASL) 6179: 6176: 6171: 6168: 6162: 6160: 6152: 6151: 6149: 6148: 6143: 6140: 6135: 6130: 6128:Central Taurus 6125: 6122: 6117: 6114: 6109: 6106: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6088: 6083: 6080: 6075: 6072: 6067: 6064: 6059: 6056: 6051: 6048: 6043: 6040: 6035: 6032: 6027: 6024: 6019: 6016: 6011: 6008: 6003: 6000: 5995: 5992: 5987: 5984: 5979: 5976: 5971: 5968: 5963: 5960: 5955: 5952: 5947: 5944: 5939: 5934: 5929: 5926: 5921: 5918: 5913: 5910: 5905: 5900: 5897: 5892: 5889: 5884: 5883:United Kingdom 5881: 5879:French Belgian 5876: 5871: 5868: 5863: 5860: 5855: 5852: 5847: 5843: 5841: 5837: 5836: 5834: 5833: 5828: 5825: 5820: 5815: 5810: 5805: 5802: 5797: 5794: 5789: 5786: 5781: 5778: 5773: 5770: 5765: 5762: 5757: 5754: 5749: 5746: 5741: 5736: 5731: 5726: 5723: 5718: 5715: 5710: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5689: 5684: 5681: 5679:Kazakh-Russian 5676: 5673: 5668: 5665: 5660: 5655: 5650: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5624: 5619: 5614: 5611: 5606: 5603: 5598: 5593: 5590: 5585: 5583:Indo-Pakistani 5580: 5575: 5570: 5567: 5562: 5559: 5554: 5551: 5546: 5543: 5538: 5534: 5532: 5528: 5527: 5525: 5524: 5519: 5516: 5511: 5508: 5503: 5500: 5495: 5492: 5487: 5484: 5479: 5476: 5471: 5466: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5450: 5445: 5442: 5437: 5434: 5429: 5424: 5421: 5416: 5413: 5408: 5403: 5399: 5397: 5393: 5392: 5383: 5379: 5378: 5375: 5374: 5372: 5371: 5365: 5364: 5359: 5353: 5347: 5342: 5337: 5332: 5326: 5324: 5320: 5319: 5317: 5316: 5311: 5306: 5305: 5304: 5299: 5296: 5291: 5283: 5278: 5273: 5268: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5248: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5226: 5221: 5216: 5209: 5204: 5203: 5202: 5195:Peruvian (LSP) 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5140:Miyakubo Shuwa 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5094: 5089: 5088: 5087: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5041: 5040: 5035: 5027: 5026: 5025: 5017: 5010: 5005: 5000: 4995: 4990: 4985: 4980: 4978:Dogon/Douentza 4975: 4970: 4965: 4960: 4955: 4950: 4945: 4940: 4935: 4930: 4925: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4898: 4893: 4888: 4882: 4880: 4876: 4875: 4873: 4872: 4867: 4861: 4859: 4851: 4850: 4847: 4846: 4844: 4843: 4840: 4835: 4832: 4827: 4824: 4820: 4818: 4812: 4811: 4809: 4808: 4804: 4802: 4800:American (ASL) 4795: 4794: 4792: 4791: 4788: 4785: 4782: 4779: 4776: 4773: 4770: 4767: 4764: 4761: 4758: 4755: 4752: 4749: 4746: 4743: 4740: 4737: 4734: 4731: 4728: 4725: 4722: 4719: 4716: 4713: 4710: 4707: 4704: 4701: 4698: 4695: 4692: 4689: 4686: 4683: 4679: 4673: 4667: 4666: 4664: 4663: 4661:Namibian (NSL) 4657: 4655: 4649: 4648: 4646: 4645: 4640: 4635: 4629: 4627: 4621: 4620: 4618: 4617: 4616: 4615: 4612: 4609: 4606: 4603: 4597: 4593: 4591: 4585: 4584: 4582: 4581: 4580: 4579: 4567: 4559: 4557: 4551: 4550: 4548: 4547: 4542: 4537: 4531: 4529: 4523: 4522: 4520: 4519: 4516: 4513: 4508: 4505: 4502: 4499: 4494: 4491: 4487: 4485: 4481:Indo-Pakistani 4477: 4476: 4474: 4473: 4468: 4463: 4457: 4455: 4449: 4448: 4445: 4444: 4442: 4441: 4436: 4431: 4426: 4420: 4418: 4412: 4411: 4409: 4408: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4390: 4384: 4382: 4376: 4375: 4373: 4372: 4367: 4361: 4359: 4355: 4354: 4352: 4351: 4346: 4340: 4338: 4334: 4333: 4331: 4330: 4328:Tunisian (TSL) 4325: 4319: 4317: 4313: 4312: 4310: 4309: 4304: 4298: 4296: 4292: 4291: 4288: 4287: 4285: 4284: 4282:Yugoslav (YSL) 4279: 4276: 4273: 4270: 4268:Croatian (HZJ) 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3783: 3781: 3775: 3774: 3772: 3771: 3766: 3761: 3756: 3754:Maritime (MSL) 3751: 3748: 3747: 3746: 3736: 3735: 3734: 3723: 3717: 3711: 3710: 3707: 3706: 3704: 3703: 3698: 3693: 3687: 3685: 3681: 3680: 3677: 3676: 3674: 3673: 3670: 3667: 3664: 3660: 3658: 3652: 3651: 3649: 3648: 3642: 3636: 3630: 3629: 3627: 3626: 3621: 3619:Qatari Unified 3616: 3611: 3606: 3600: 3594: 3588: 3587: 3584: 3583: 3581: 3580: 3575: 3569: 3567: 3566:Zendath Kesign 3563: 3562: 3560: 3559: 3554: 3549: 3543: 3541: 3539:Western Desert 3532: 3531: 3526: 3521: 3518: 3516:Worora Kinship 3513: 3508: 3501: 3496: 3495: 3494: 3484: 3479: 3472: 3467: 3462: 3455: 3448: 3443: 3438: 3433: 3425: 3423: 3409: 3408: 3399: 3393: 3392: 3390: 3389: 3384: 3378: 3375: 3374: 3367: 3366: 3359: 3352: 3344: 3338: 3337: 3332: 3324: 3314: 3313:External links 3311: 3310: 3309: 3304: 3296: 3293: 3290: 3289: 3269: 3250:(4): 519–542. 3230: 3224:10 July 2001, 3211: 3197: 3182: 3153: 3123: 3090: 3076:on 20 May 2011 3057: 3023: 2990: 2955: 2930: 2915: 2883: 2850: 2832:(2): 149–167. 2812: 2789: 2759: 2737: 2717: 2688: 2663: 2638: 2624: 2598: 2587:on 15 May 2010 2572: 2552: 2543: 2517: 2492: 2472: 2443: 2417: 2391: 2377: 2360: 2334: 2309: 2298: 2273: 2260: 2238: 2211: 2181: 2166: 2144: 2119: 2101: 2087: 2061: 2043: 2017: 2005:Independent.ie 1992: 1966: 1940: 1915: 1901: 1881: 1856: 1834: 1819: 1808: 1786: 1772: 1750: 1732: 1710: 1699: 1672: 1634: 1620:on 5 July 2024 1610:"Deaf Culture" 1600: 1583: 1549: 1535: 1513: 1499: 1479: 1455: 1443: 1431: 1406: 1397: 1364: 1351: 1338: 1319:(4): 498–506. 1303: 1280: 1279: 1277: 1274: 1261: 1258: 1246: 1243: 1211: 1208: 1194: 1191: 1174: 1171: 1154: 1153:Greater London 1151: 1149: 1146: 1129: 1126: 1110: 1107: 1099:Mark Isherwood 1087: 1084: 1064: 1063:United Kingdom 1061: 1054: 1033: 1030: 1026:Disability Law 1014: 1011: 998: 995: 987: 984: 978: 975: 966: 963: 954: 948: 945: 936: 933: 928: 925: 904: 901: 893: 890: 862: 859: 850: 848:opportunities. 843: 840: 827: 824: 811: 808: 796: 793: 785: 782: 750: 747: 727: 724: 658: 655: 638: 635: 627:Deaf education 615: 612: 592: 589: 564: 561: 549: 546: 498: 495: 474: 471: 467:deaf-blindness 441: 428: 425: 416: 397: 394: 365: 364:European Union 362: 350: 347: 339: 338:Czech Republic 336: 320: 317: 316: 315: 314: 313: 303: 302: 301: 291: 290: 289: 283: 282: 281: 273: 270: 246: 243: 215: 212: 195: 192: 185: 184: 181: 178: 155: 152: 144: 143: 136: 116: 113: 111: 108: 88: 85: 78: 64: 61: 59: 56: 39: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7496: 7485: 7482: 7480: 7479:Sign language 7477: 7476: 7474: 7460: 7456: 7452: 7451: 7446: 7443: 7442: 7435: 7431: 7427: 7421: 7420: 7413: 7407: 7404: 7402: 7399: 7397: 7394: 7392: 7389: 7387: 7384: 7382: 7379: 7377: 7374: 7371: 7367: 7363: 7360: 7358: 7355: 7354: 7352: 7350:Miscellaneous 7348: 7342: 7339: 7337: 7334: 7332: 7329: 7327: 7324: 7323: 7321: 7319:Organisations 7317: 7311: 7308: 7306: 7303: 7301: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7288: 7286: 7283: 7281: 7278: 7276: 7275:Laurent Clerc 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7265:Pär Aron Borg 7263: 7261: 7258: 7256: 7253: 7252: 7250: 7246: 7240: 7237: 7235: 7232: 7231: 7229: 7227: 7223: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7204: 7202: 7198: 7192: 7189: 7187: 7184: 7182: 7179: 7177: 7176:Signed Polish 7174: 7172: 7169: 7167: 7164: 7162: 7161:Signed German 7159: 7157: 7156:Signed French 7154: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7144: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7127: 7124: 7123: 7121: 7119: 7113: 7107: 7104: 7102: 7099: 7097: 7094: 7093: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7079: 7071: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7041: 7038: 7037: 7035: 7031: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7017: 7015: 7012: 7010: 7007: 7005: 7002: 7000: 6997: 6995: 6992: 6990: 6987: 6985: 6982: 6980: 6977: 6975: 6972: 6970: 6967: 6965: 6962: 6960: 6957: 6955: 6952: 6950: 6947: 6945: 6942: 6941: 6939: 6937: 6933: 6927: 6924: 6922: 6919: 6917: 6914: 6912: 6908: 6904: 6900: 6896: 6893: 6891: 6888: 6886: 6883: 6881: 6880:Grammar (ASL) 6878: 6877: 6875: 6871: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6837: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6825: 6822: 6820: 6817: 6815: 6812: 6809: 6808: 6806: 6800: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6770: 6768: 6766: 6762: 6752: 6749: 6747: 6744: 6742: 6739: 6737: 6734: 6733: 6731: 6729:International 6727: 6721: 6718: 6715: 6713: 6710: 6707: 6705: 6702: 6700: 6697: 6695: 6692: 6689: 6687: 6684: 6681: 6679: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6660: 6658: 6655: 6652: 6650: 6647: 6645: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6634: 6632: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6621: 6618: 6617: 6615: 6613:South America 6611: 6605: 6602: 6599: 6597: 6594: 6592: 6589: 6587: 6586:Rossel Island 6584: 6582: 6579: 6577: 6576:Mount Avejaha 6574: 6572: 6569: 6567: 6564: 6562: 6559: 6556: 6554: 6551: 6548: 6546: 6543: 6540: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6516: 6513: 6512: 6511: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6498: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6476: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6466: 6463: 6461: 6458: 6456: 6453: 6450: 6449: 6447: 6443: 6437: 6436: 6432: 6430: 6429: 6425: 6423: 6422:Navajo Family 6420: 6417: 6415: 6414: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6397: 6394: 6391: 6388: 6384: 6381: 6379: 6376: 6375: 6374: 6371: 6369:United States 6368: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6355: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6334: 6332: 6329: 6327: 6324: 6322: 6319: 6317: 6314: 6311: 6309: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6285: 6282: 6280: 6277: 6274: 6272: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6240: 6236: 6233: 6231: 6230: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6216: 6214: 6211: 6209: 6206: 6203: 6200: 6197: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6184: 6183: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6169: 6167: 6164: 6163: 6161: 6153: 6147: 6144: 6141: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6129: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6089: 6087: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6041: 6039: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6028: 6025: 6023: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6012: 6009: 6007: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5980: 5977: 5975: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5869: 5867: 5864: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5853: 5851: 5848: 5845: 5844: 5842: 5838: 5832: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5779: 5777: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5763: 5761: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5747: 5745: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5732: 5730: 5727: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5716: 5714: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5690: 5688: 5685: 5682: 5680: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5666: 5664: 5661: 5659: 5656: 5654: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5591: 5589: 5586: 5584: 5581: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5560: 5558: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5536: 5535: 5533: 5529: 5523: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5501: 5499: 5498:South African 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5451: 5449: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5414: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5401: 5400: 5398: 5394: 5387: 5384: 5380: 5370: 5367: 5366: 5363: 5360: 5357: 5354: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5327: 5325: 5321: 5315: 5312: 5310: 5309:Yoruban (YSL) 5307: 5303: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5294:Bura (Burasl) 5292: 5290: 5287: 5286: 5285:West African 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5271:Ugandan (USL) 5269: 5267: 5266:Turkish (TİD) 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5251:Spanish (LSE) 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5231: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5219:Rossel Island 5217: 5215: 5214: 5210: 5208: 5207:Qahveh Khaneh 5205: 5201: 5198: 5197: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5150:Mount Avejaha 5148: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5110:Maltese (LSM) 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5095: 5093: 5090: 5086: 5083: 5082: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5033:Atgangmuurniq 5031: 5030: 5028: 5023: 5022: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5015: 5011: 5009: 5008:Guinea-Bissau 5006: 5004: 5001: 4999: 4996: 4994: 4991: 4989: 4986: 4984: 4981: 4979: 4976: 4974: 4971: 4969: 4966: 4964: 4961: 4959: 4956: 4954: 4951: 4949: 4946: 4944: 4941: 4939: 4936: 4934: 4931: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4923: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4912: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4897: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4884: 4883: 4881: 4877: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4862: 4860: 4858: 4852: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4825: 4822: 4821: 4819: 4817: 4813: 4806: 4805: 4803: 4801: 4796: 4789: 4786: 4783: 4780: 4777: 4774: 4771: 4768: 4765: 4762: 4759: 4756: 4753: 4750: 4747: 4744: 4741: 4738: 4735: 4732: 4729: 4726: 4723: 4720: 4717: 4714: 4711: 4708: 4705: 4702: 4699: 4696: 4693: 4690: 4687: 4684: 4681: 4680: 4677: 4674: 4672: 4668: 4662: 4659: 4658: 4656: 4654: 4650: 4644: 4641: 4639: 4636: 4634: 4631: 4630: 4628: 4626: 4622: 4614:Cepeda Peraza 4613: 4610: 4607: 4604: 4601: 4600: 4598: 4596:Highland Maya 4595: 4594: 4592: 4590: 4586: 4578: 4577: 4573: 4572: 4571: 4568: 4566: 4565: 4561: 4560: 4558: 4556: 4552: 4546: 4543: 4541: 4538: 4536: 4533: 4532: 4530: 4528: 4527:Japanese Sign 4524: 4517: 4514: 4512: 4509: 4506: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4492: 4489: 4488: 4486: 4484: 4478: 4472: 4469: 4467: 4464: 4462: 4459: 4458: 4456: 4454: 4450: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4421: 4419: 4417: 4413: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4385: 4383: 4381: 4377: 4371: 4368: 4366: 4365:Flemish (VGT) 4363: 4362: 4360: 4356: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4344:Mexican (LSM) 4342: 4341: 4339: 4335: 4329: 4326: 4324: 4323:Italian (LIS) 4321: 4320: 4318: 4314: 4308: 4305: 4303: 4300: 4299: 4297: 4293: 4283: 4280: 4277: 4274: 4271: 4269: 4266: 4265: 4263: 4259: 4253: 4252:Russian (РЖЯ) 4250: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4242:Latvian (LSL) 4240: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4224: 4222: 4218: 4215: 4209: 4197: 4194: 4193: 4192: 4189: 4188: 4186: 4184: 4179: 4172: 4171: 4169: 4167: 4162: 4155: 4154: 4152: 4150: 4145: 4138: 4135: 4132: 4130: 4127: 4124: 4121: 4118: 4115: 4114: 4112: 4106: 4097: 4094: 4093: 4092: 4089: 4088: 4086: 4082: 4076: 4073: 4071: 4068: 4065: 4063: 4060: 4057: 4054: 4052: 4049: 4046: 4043: 4040: 4037: 4032: 4029: 4028: 4027: 4024: 4021: 4017: 4014: 4012: 4009: 4008: 4007: 4004: 4003: 4000: 3997: 3995: 3989: 3983: 3980: 3976: 3975: 3971: 3970: 3969: 3966: 3962: 3959: 3958: 3957: 3956:Catalan (LSC) 3954: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3944: 3940: 3937: 3936: 3935: 3932: 3930: 3927: 3925: 3922: 3920: 3917: 3916: 3913: 3910: 3908: 3904: 3894: 3893:Uruguay (LSU) 3891: 3889: 3886: 3885: 3883: 3881: 3875: 3869: 3866: 3865: 3862: 3859: 3853: 3840: 3839: 3838: 3835: 3834: 3832: 3831: 3830: 3827: 3826: 3824: 3822: 3818: 3808: 3805: 3803: 3800: 3798: 3795: 3793: 3790: 3788: 3785: 3784: 3782: 3780: 3776: 3770: 3767: 3765: 3762: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3749: 3745: 3742: 3741: 3740: 3739:British (BSL) 3737: 3733: 3730: 3729: 3728: 3725: 3724: 3721: 3718: 3716: 3712: 3702: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3692: 3689: 3688: 3686: 3682: 3671: 3668: 3665: 3662: 3661: 3659: 3657: 3653: 3647: 3644: 3643: 3640: 3637: 3631: 3625: 3622: 3620: 3617: 3615: 3612: 3610: 3607: 3605: 3602: 3601: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3589: 3579: 3576: 3574: 3571: 3570: 3568: 3564: 3558: 3557:Ngaatjatjarra 3555: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3545: 3544: 3542: 3540: 3536: 3530: 3527: 3525: 3522: 3519: 3517: 3514: 3512: 3509: 3507: 3506: 3502: 3500: 3497: 3493: 3490: 3489: 3488: 3485: 3483: 3480: 3478: 3477: 3473: 3471: 3468: 3466: 3463: 3461: 3460: 3456: 3454: 3453: 3449: 3447: 3444: 3442: 3439: 3437: 3434: 3432: 3431: 3427: 3426: 3424: 3416: 3410: 3403: 3400: 3394: 3388: 3385: 3383: 3380: 3379: 3376: 3372: 3371:Sign language 3365: 3360: 3358: 3353: 3351: 3346: 3345: 3342: 3336: 3333: 3331: 3329: 3325: 3323: 3321: 3317: 3316: 3308: 3305: 3302: 3299: 3298: 3286: 3282: 3279: 3273: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3234: 3227: 3223: 3220: 3215: 3207: 3201: 3193: 3186: 3179: 3168: 3164: 3157: 3150: 3138: 3134: 3127: 3120: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3094: 3087: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3061: 3054: 3041: 3037: 3033: 3027: 3020: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2994: 2987: 2975: 2971: 2970: 2965: 2959: 2944: 2940: 2939:"Alex Ndeezi" 2934: 2928:, April 1996. 2927: 2925: 2919: 2900: 2893: 2887: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2857: 2855: 2839: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2823: 2816: 2809: 2796: 2792: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2763: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2741: 2734: 2730: 2727: 2721: 2706: 2699: 2692: 2677: 2673: 2667: 2652: 2648: 2642: 2634: 2628: 2613:. 29 May 2022 2612: 2608: 2602: 2586: 2582: 2576: 2570: 2566: 2562: 2556: 2547: 2531: 2527: 2521: 2506: 2502: 2496: 2490: 2486: 2483: 2476: 2460: 2456: 2450: 2448: 2431: 2427: 2421: 2406: 2402: 2395: 2387: 2381: 2373: 2367: 2365: 2348: 2344: 2338: 2323: 2319: 2313: 2307: 2302: 2295: 2283: 2277: 2270: 2264: 2248: 2242: 2226: 2222: 2215: 2199: 2192: 2185: 2177: 2170: 2154: 2148: 2140: 2136: 2135: 2130: 2123: 2115: 2111: 2105: 2097: 2091: 2075: 2071: 2065: 2059: 2055: 2052: 2047: 2031: 2030:Breaking News 2027: 2021: 2006: 2002: 1996: 1980: 1976: 1970: 1954: 1950: 1944: 1929: 1925: 1919: 1904: 1902:9789027206794 1898: 1894: 1893: 1885: 1866: 1860: 1853: 1849: 1846: 1845: 1838: 1831: 1830: 1823: 1817: 1812: 1796: 1790: 1782: 1776: 1760: 1754: 1746: 1742: 1736: 1720: 1714: 1708: 1703: 1687: 1683: 1676: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1638: 1631: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1604: 1593: 1592:"Order Paper" 1587: 1580: 1567: 1560: 1553: 1545: 1539: 1523: 1517: 1502: 1500:9780771020995 1496: 1492: 1491: 1483: 1475: 1471: 1464: 1462: 1460: 1452: 1447: 1440: 1435: 1428: 1420: 1418: 1410: 1401: 1382: 1374: 1368: 1362:Verlag Drava. 1361: 1355: 1348: 1342: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1307: 1291: 1285: 1281: 1273: 1271: 1267: 1257: 1255: 1251: 1242: 1240: 1236: 1231: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1207: 1204: 1200: 1193:United States 1190: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1170: 1168: 1164: 1160: 1157:In 2023, the 1145: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1125: 1123: 1119: 1114: 1106: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1091: 1083: 1080: 1076: 1071: 1069: 1053: 1049: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1029: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1010: 1007: 1003: 994: 992: 983: 974: 972: 959: 953: 944: 942: 932: 924: 922: 918: 914: 910: 900: 898: 889: 886: 880: 871: 867: 855: 849: 839: 837: 836:the country's 833: 823: 820: 819:the country's 817: 807: 805: 804:the country's 801: 792: 790: 781: 779: 774: 768: 759: 755: 746: 744: 740: 736: 735:the country's 732: 723: 720: 716: 712: 708: 704: 700: 696: 692: 688: 684: 680: 654: 652: 648: 644: 634: 632: 628: 624: 620: 611: 609: 605: 601: 597: 588: 586: 582: 578: 574: 570: 560: 558: 554: 545: 543: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 512: 508: 504: 494: 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4316:Italian Sign 4220:Russian Sign 4183:French (LSF) 4156:Oneida (OSL) 4070:Quebec (LSQ) 4055:Oneida (OSL) 3972: 3968:French (LSF) 3821:Chinese Sign 3779:Swedish Sign 3503: 3474: 3457: 3450: 3428: 3327: 3319: 3272: 3247: 3243: 3233: 3221: 3214: 3200: 3185: 3177: 3170:. 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