1008:, although the relationship between lexical variation in the UK and Australia appears much more complicated than this (some Auslan signs appear similar to signs used in a range of regional varieties of BSL). Before schools were established elsewhere, Deaf children attended one of these two initial schools, and brought signs back to their own states. As schools opened up in each state, new signs also developed in the dormitories and playgrounds of these institutions. As a result, Auslan users can identify more precise regional varieties (e.g., "Sydney sign", "Melbourne sign", "Perth sign", "Adelaide sign" and "Brisbane sign"), and even vocabulary that may have been unique to individual schools. In a conversation between two strangers, one from Melbourne and the other from Perth, it is likely that one will use a small number of signs unfamiliar to the other, despite both belonging to the same "southern dialect". Signers can often identify which school someone went to, even within a few short utterances.
840:
718:, but more recent scholars have said that this idea is a false-equivalent of Auslan with spoken languages and that using anchor signs is not the same as word order. In general, word order in Auslan takes into account context and fluidity between signs being used, being less rigid than many spoken languages. Rather, Auslan instead follows the clause/word order off TTC—Time, topic, comment. The frequency of
5982:
860:
context and the age of the signer. A recent small-scale study puts fingerspelled words in Auslan conversations at about 10% of all lexical items, roughly equal to ASL and higher than many other sign languages, such as New
Zealand Sign Language. The proportion is higher in older signers, suggesting that the use of fingerspelling has diminished over time.
1011:
Despite these differences, communication between Auslan users from different regions poses little difficulty for most Deaf
Australians, who often become aware of different regional vocabulary as they grow older, through travel and Deaf community networks, and because Deaf people are so well practised
944:
of Auslan. Standard dialects arise through the support of institutions, such as the media, education, government and the law. As this support has not existed for most sign languages, coupled with the lack of a widely used written form and communications technologies, Auslan has probably diverged much
881:
Australasian Signed
English was created in the late 1970s to represent English words and grammar, using mostly Auslan signs together with some additional contrived signs, as well as borrowings from American Sign Language (ASL). It was used largely in education for teaching English to Deaf children or
700:
educational philosophies of the 1970s and 80s, when a committee looking for signs with direct equivalence to
English words found them in ASL and/or in invented English-based signed systems used in North America and introduced them in the classroom. ASL contains many signs initialised from an alphabet
830:
of an
English word together with a sign may serve to clarify when one sign may have several English equivalents. In some cases, the mouth gesture that accompanies a sign may not reflect the equivalent translation in English (e.g. a sign meaning "thick" may be accompanied by a mouth gesture that does
762:
Verb-predicates can be formed by using individual vocabulary words in sequential order (more commonly used by anglophones who speak Auslan as a second language) or using depicting signs, which can "blur" word order, as it allows for multiple signs to be used at once. This is generally a mark of high
199:
was the first member of any
Parliament in Australia to give a maiden speech in Auslan and was involved in Auslan events for the National Week of Deaf People at the Queensland Parliament, including the use of Auslan interpreters for question time and a debate between members of the deaf community and
1213:
It is now increasingly recognised that signing deaf people constitute a group like any other non-English speaking language group in
Australia, with a distinct sub-culture recognised by shared history, social life and sense of identity, united and symbolised by fluency in Auslan, the principal means
798:
Pronouns are established using the signing space, either arbitrary (for non-present people/things) or iconic. For example, "I will give you the doll tomorrow" would be signed as TOMORROW DOLL GIVE, with the sign GIVE starting at the speaker's body and finishing at the receiver's. The use of signing
859:
for everyday objects, and
English words, especially technical terms, for which there is no widely used sign. Fingerspelling can also be used for emphasis, clarification, or, sometimes extensively, by English-speaking learners of Auslan. The proportion of fingerspelling versus signs varies with the
778:
for certain phrase types, sometimes in this context called "rhetorical questions" or "modifiers", using non-manual features to express that it is a statement rather than a question. The interrogatives of Auslan are more or less direct translations to
English ones, with WHY used for this purpose
144:
of Auslan in 1989 (Johnston, 1989). Auslan began to emerge as a language of instruction for Deaf students in primary and secondary schools from the late 1980s—mainly through the provision of Auslan/English interpreters in mainstream (hearing) schools with deaf support units, but also in some
128:
as a "community language other than
English" and the preferred language of the Deaf community in policy statements in 1987 and 1991. However, this recognition has yet to filter through to many institutions, government departments, and professionals who work with deaf people.
1077:
Auslan has no written form; in the past transcribing Auslan was largely an academic exercise. The first Auslan dictionaries used either photographs or drawings with motion arrows to describe signs; more recently, technology has made possible the use of short video clips on
730:
In question phrases, the question word must always be at the end in Auslan in open questions. This word order is the same for both questions and statements, with questions in Auslan formed by either adding a question word at the end of a clause TOM KICKED PETER WHY or using
886:
English in academic contexts, and it is not clear to what extent this continues to be the case. It was thought to be much easier for hearing teachers and parents to learn another mode of English than to learn a new language with a complex spatial grammar such as Auslan.
902:
Unlike oral languages, only a minority of Deaf children acquire their language from their parents (about 4 or 5% have Deaf parents). Most acquire Auslan from Deaf peers at school or later through Deaf community networks. Many learn Auslan as a "delayed"
6335:
Sign-language names reflect the region of origin. Natural sign languages are not related to the spoken language used in the same region. For example, French Sign Language originated in France, but is not related to French. Conversely,
673:(ISL) also had an influence on the development of Auslan, as it was used in Catholic schools until the 1950s. The first Catholic school for Deaf children was established in 1875 by Irish nuns. As such, like Auslan evolving from BSL,
1246:"Submission to the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Communications, Information Technology and the Arts Community Broadcasting Inquiry from Melbourne Community Television Consortium (MCTC), C31 Melbourne and Geelong"
907:
in adolescence or adulthood, after attempting to learn English (or another spoken/written language) without the exposure necessary to properly acquire it. The Deaf community often distinguish between "oral deaf" who grew up in an
819:. Its grammar and vocabulary often do not have direct English equivalents and vice versa. However, English, as the dominant language in Australia, has had a significant influence on Auslan, especially through manual forms such as
936:
Auslan exhibits a high degree of variation, determined by the signer's age, educational background, and regional origin, and the signing community is very accepting of a wide range of individual differences in signing style.
996:). The vocabulary of the two dialects traditionally differed significantly, with different signs used even for very common concepts such as colours, animals, and days of the week; differences in grammar appear to be slight.
999:
These two dialects may have roots in older dialectal differences from the United Kingdom, brought over by Deaf immigrants who founded the first schools for the Deaf in Australia — varieties from the southeast of England in
627:
ship "Lady Juliana". There is as yet no historical evidence, however, that she used a sign language. One of the first known signing Deaf immigrants was the engraver John Carmichael who arrived in Sydney in 1825 from
866:
Some signs also feature an English word's initial letter as a handshape from a one- or two-handed manual alphabet and use it within a sign. For example, part of the sign for "Canberra" incorporates the letter "C".
726:
with English (with very high bilingualism for Auslan users), as it is more common with "loan words (signs), English-based idiomatic phrases fingerspelling" as well as by those who learned Auslan later in life.
183:, Auslan experienced a period of increased visibility through press conferences from federal and state leaders and health officials, which invariably featured Auslan interpreters. Since 2020, the
132:
The emerging status of Auslan has gone hand-in-hand with the advancement of the Deaf community in Australia, beginning in the early 1980s. In 1982, the registration of the first sign language
1896:
894:. Signed English has now been largely rejected by Deaf communities in Australia and its use in education is dwindling; however, a number of its signs have made their way into normal use.
663:. These schools and others had an enormous role in the development of Auslan, as they were the first contact with sign language for many Deaf children. Because they were residential
612:
5276:
1245:
1331:
619:
Auslan evolved from sign language varieties brought to Australia during the nineteenth century from Britain and Ireland. The earliest record of a deaf Australian was convict
5333:
3884:
1942:
1551:
1683:
Schembri, Adam; Johnston, Trevor (2006). "Sociolinguistic variation in the use of fingerspelling in Australian Sign Language : a pilot study". Sign language studies.
1788:
1805:
Indigenous sign language and culture : the interpreting and access needs of deaf people who are Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander in far north Queensland
920:
Deaf" who learnt Auslan at an early age from Deaf parents or at a Deaf school. Regardless of their background, many Deaf adults consider Auslan to be their first or
1294:
826:
It is difficult to sign Auslan fluently while speaking English, as the word order may be different, and there is often no direct sign-to-word equivalence. However,
5085:
3844:
763:
competence and fluency in the language. Lexicalisation of common predicates is common, and compounding is the most common way that new lexical items are produced.
4819:
3749:
3741:
685:(LSF), and although this alphabet has now almost disappeared from Australia, some initialised signs from the ISL/AISL manual alphabet are still used in Auslan.
5313:
5119:
667:, they provided ample opportunity for the language to thrive, even though in many schools, signing was banned from the classroom for much of the 20th century.
656:
6237:
890:
The use of Signed English in schools is controversial with some in the Deaf community, who regard Signed English as a contrived and unnatural artificially
140:, a newly established regulatory body for interpreting and translating, accorded a sense of legitimacy to Auslan, furthered by the publishing of the first
2298:
2273:
851:, identical to the one used in British Sign Language and New Zealand Sign Language, is integral to Auslan. This alphabet is used for fingerspelling
6402:
1752:
1266:
6252:
3536:
146:
7060:
6242:
5426:
5381:
2403:
6273:
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which was also derived from LSF, and Auslan users, already familiar with the related ISL alphabet, accepted many of the new signs easily.
3766:
1958:
1142:
636:
2095:
843:
A chart showing the two-handed manual alphabet as used in British Sign Language, Australian Sign Language and New Zealand Sign Language
1104:
and as a plot element, with some scenes depicted entirely in Auslan. There is also one scene where the characters discuss the risky
1317:
863:
Schembri and Johnston (2007) found that the most commonly fingerspelled words in Auslan include "so", "to", "if", "but" and "do".
6150:
6047:
1939:
2266:
925:
2789:
1393:
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1208:
1177:
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1021:
196:
24:
1284:
1227:
6292:
5699:
2903:
1327:
1819:
6118:
5745:
5323:
3487:
1965:
Johnston, T. (2004). "W(h)ither the Deaf Community? Population, Genetics, and the Future of Australian Sign Language".
1859:
635:
Thirty-five years later, in 1860, a school for the Deaf was established by another Deaf Scotsman, Thomas Pattison—the
5694:
4172:
2259:
1932:
1813:
1753:"Chasing the Mythical Ten Percent: Parental Hearing Status of Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students in the United States"
1589:
1364:
1202:
1171:
1069:
of Auslan; it has features of Indigenous sign languages and gestural systems as well as signs and grammar of Auslan.
168:
1837:
960:. Sign languages related to Auslan also appear to be used in some other parts of the Asia-Pacific, such as in Fiji.
6191:
5801:
5770:
5689:
5338:
4141:
184:
6357:
Denotes the number (if known) of languages within the family. No further information is given on these languages.
2038:
6829:
6469:
6388:
5492:
4541:
3802:
3776:
2643:
2155:
2014:
957:
546:
167:
is limited. For some time, "Deaf TV", which was entirely in Auslan and was produced by Deaf volunteers, aired on
1408:
7069:
6297:
5791:
5684:
5371:
4957:
4011:
2850:
2655:
2567:
2188:
2088:
674:
648:
582:
180:
20:
2028:
6979:
6861:
6773:
6450:
6211:
5174:
5169:
4081:
3438:
2703:
2213:
121:
6670:
6344:
both originated in English-speaking countries but are not related to each other; ASL however is related to
6287:
6145:
5433:
5289:
5039:
4790:
4494:
3392:
3281:
2922:
2690:
2530:
2468:
2450:
2427:
2200:
470:
204:
774:
is not used at all except when quoting English (in which it is finger-spelt). Auslan replaces copula with
6815:
6662:
5860:
5814:
5497:
5487:
5077:
4409:
4130:
4118:
4061:
3919:
3582:
3364:
3291:
3060:
2818:
2680:
2458:
2118:
1967:
1951:
Signs of Australia : A new dictionary of Auslan (the sign language of the Australian Deaf community)
1445:"Auslan: The Sign Language of the Australian Deaf community. The University of Sydney: unpublished Ph. D"
755:, which involves an actor and a recipient. Both of these arguments can be expressed on the verb by using
591:
156:, from an elective language subject offered by some secondary schools to a two-year full-time diploma at
6692:
6436:
6247:
5935:
5822:
5031:
4679:
2986:
2835:
1976:
808:
751:
to show the semantic role of the arguments, rather than subject/object. An example of this is the word
6822:
5930:
5900:
5890:
5875:
5765:
5755:
5464:
5396:
5190:
4777:
4742:
4719:
4687:
4273:
4256:
4071:
3949:
3839:
3554:
3475:
3327:
2670:
2503:
2463:
2387:
2167:
2081:
1901:
564:
85:
77:
1737:
1465:
1429:
7014:
7000:
6898:
6884:
6443:
6206:
6057:
5920:
5855:
5818:
5810:
5750:
5735:
5631:
5605:
5597:
5589:
5560:
5443:
5271:
5263:
5250:
5227:
5198:
5150:
4981:
4949:
4925:
4556:
4507:
4417:
4267:
4246:
4187:
4147:
4124:
4111:
4076:
4066:
4016:
3976:
3966:
3931:
3914:
3894:
3812:
3781:
3564:
3002:
2885:
2862:
2708:
2435:
2370:
2218:
1873:
1034:
and Yolngu Sign Language. They occur in the southern, central, and western desert regions, coastal
624:
3077:
6787:
6626:
6547:
6302:
6123:
6027:
5956:
5925:
5915:
5870:
5865:
5775:
5657:
5623:
5576:
5550:
5534:
5406:
5401:
5057:
5015:
4965:
4885:
4877:
4724:
4632:
4606:
4476:
4460:
4338:
4261:
4200:
4036:
3849:
3833:
3822:
3544:
3309:
3304:
3158:
3138:
2962:
2872:
2857:
2748:
2422:
2416:
2410:
2376:
212:
164:
145:
specialised bilingual programmes for deaf children. Boosted by the 1992 enactment of the federal
1409:"Patterns from a signed language corpus: clause-like units in Auslan (Australian sign language)"
7091:
7084:
6568:
6512:
6411:
6337:
6317:
6042:
5910:
5905:
5885:
5880:
5740:
5676:
5610:
5542:
5502:
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5391:
5386:
5345:
5284:
5258:
5219:
5124:
5093:
4997:
4909:
4843:
4827:
4806:
4769:
4761:
4734:
4663:
4655:
4640:
4624:
4616:
4598:
4574:
4564:
4546:
4351:
4322:
4317:
4251:
4152:
4106:
4091:
4051:
3925:
3909:
3904:
3827:
3807:
3711:
3572:
3549:
3446:
3335:
3299:
3260:
3239:
3193:
3179:
3143:
2973:
2917:
2893:
2840:
2830:
2799:
2698:
2665:
2515:
2393:
2357:
2347:
2293:
2134:
1121:
1031:
1027:
693:
449:
5448:
2440:
6484:
6457:
6341:
6097:
6037:
5895:
5760:
5730:
5568:
5411:
5376:
5318:
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5232:
5211:
5139:
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5005:
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4835:
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4711:
4703:
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4452:
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4162:
4135:
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4086:
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4021:
4003:
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3874:
3854:
3727:
3408:
3382:
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3255:
3234:
3218:
3163:
3153:
3107:
2937:
2867:
2804:
2779:
2740:
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2718:
2713:
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2520:
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2363:
2352:
2223:
2208:
2183:
2033:
1724:
1452:
1416:
1289:
1043:
748:
678:
573:
271:
208:
125:
81:
1146:
632:. He had been to a Deaf school there, and was known as a good storyteller in sign language.
211:, is a strong proponent of Auslan and, in her acceptance speech using Auslan, called on the
6836:
6766:
6685:
6345:
6052:
5796:
5555:
5515:
5477:
5421:
5164:
5159:
5129:
5044:
4973:
4861:
4848:
4814:
4695:
4611:
4590:
4582:
4569:
4484:
4401:
4372:
4359:
4330:
4241:
4220:
4096:
4031:
3996:
3991:
3981:
3971:
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3859:
3817:
3797:
3456:
3451:
3422:
3377:
3372:
3345:
3314:
3148:
3094:
3040:
2981:
2879:
2675:
2535:
2525:
2398:
2162:
2060:
1322:
1058:
1054:
1001:
981:
891:
682:
644:
8:
7007:
6954:
6721:
6706:
6526:
6277:
6137:
5725:
5615:
5507:
5482:
5416:
5237:
5203:
5182:
5134:
4941:
4893:
4869:
4853:
4671:
4650:
4528:
4393:
4385:
4367:
4192:
4167:
4157:
4046:
4041:
4026:
3961:
3944:
3889:
3879:
3500:
3340:
3213:
3102:
2845:
2612:
2607:
2557:
2341:
1062:
1039:
670:
6221:
1897:"Cochlear implants technology and vaccinations diminish use of Australian sign language"
6655:
6648:
6540:
6429:
6268:
6166:
5647:
5472:
4729:
4499:
4380:
4280:
4205:
3899:
3350:
1996:
1780:
1712:
1489:
1092:
946:
775:
6577:
1630:
952:
Auslan was introduced to Papua New Guinea, where it mixed with local or home sign and
7021:
6728:
6699:
6641:
6634:
6611:
6533:
6491:
6171:
5832:
1988:
1928:
1809:
1784:
1772:
1716:
1704:
1585:
1533:
1360:
1198:
1167:
993:
732:
2000:
1655:
1605:
1493:
149:, Auslan/English interpreters are also increasingly provided in tertiary education.
7028:
6940:
6933:
6926:
6875:
6794:
6732:
6678:
6498:
6419:
6370:
6181:
6012:
5993:
1980:
1764:
1696:
1688:
1523:
1486:
Analysing British sign language through the lens of systemic functional linguistics
1318:"Young Australian of the Year Drisana Levitzke-Gray gives deaf Australians a voice"
941:
921:
816:
812:
652:
216:
109:
105:
38:
6176:
6993:
6986:
6972:
6919:
6905:
6808:
6752:
6591:
6584:
6561:
6554:
6307:
6102:
6082:
5961:
1946:
1528:
1511:
1385:
1354:
1192:
1161:
989:
977:
848:
664:
640:
620:
153:
1384:
Schembri, A.; Napier, J.; Beattie; Leigh, G. R.; Carty, B. (22–23 August 1998).
6801:
6757:
6618:
6505:
6216:
6201:
6092:
6077:
5847:
2242:
1925:
Australian Sign Language (Auslan): An introduction to sign language linguistics
913:
904:
876:
820:
723:
697:
89:
1231:
7107:
6947:
6714:
6519:
6186:
6087:
6072:
6067:
5704:
2282:
1808:. Sponsored by ASLIA, the Australian Sign Language Interpreters Association.
1803:
1776:
1708:
1537:
1230:. Australian Sign Language Interpreters' Association Victoria. Archived from
1109:
756:
696:(ASL), especially in signs for technical terms. Some of these arose from the
172:
73:
6062:
6007:
1992:
1097:
1047:
856:
852:
719:
715:
133:
65:
1984:
1768:
1692:
6780:
6380:
6196:
5966:
1954:
1833:
1700:
1582:
The Structure and Formation of Signs in Auslan (Australian Sign Language)
1085:
1035:
767:
220:
1359:. Australia's deaf heritage. Vol. 1. Deafness Resources Australia.
789:
I went shopping with my sister : (BEFORE) I SHOP WITH WHO MY SISTER
6912:
6312:
5951:
5294:
5103:
4512:
3986:
2927:
1194:
Australia's language : the Australian language and literacy policy
973:
141:
101:
6868:
5837:
5806:
5662:
5098:
2068:
953:
629:
176:
108:. Its origin cannot be attributed to any individual; rather, it is a
839:
6017:
5976:
5827:
5581:
2073:
1105:
1101:
985:
969:
827:
689:
1444:
1015:
611:
5652:
1860:"A Silent Agreement (2017) - the Screen Guide - Screen Australia"
1510:
Cormier, Kearsy; Schembri, Adam; Woll, Bencie (1 December 2013).
1066:
909:
779:
sometimes translated as BECAUSE. Examples of use are as follows:
97:
2251:
152:
Today there is a growing number of courses teaching Auslan as a
6854:
6748:
6281:
2626:
2104:
1390:
Australasian Deaf Studies Research Symposium: Conference Papers
1214:
of communication within the Australian Deaf Community (Page 20)
1079:
1005:
660:
234:
93:
688:
In more recent times, Auslan has seen a significant amount of
6891:
681:, both ISL and AISL use a one-handed alphabet originating in
137:
1228:"A Brief History of Sign Language Interpreting in Australia"
1197:. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service.
1166:. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service.
5981:
5971:
2054:
2048:
1938:
Johnston, T.A. & Wilkin, P. (1998; reprinted 2010, see
187:'s Sunday 5pm bulletin has included Auslan interpretation.
157:
1383:
1267:"ABC NEWS Sunday evening national news bulletin in AUSLAN"
44:
1392:. North Rocks, Sydney, Australia: Renwick College: 9–20.
53:
96:
language family. As with other sign languages, Auslan's
1038:, some islands of the north coast, the western side of
112:
that emerged spontaneously and has changed over time.
6238:
Association of Visual Language Interpreters of Canada
2069:
The Endangered Languages Archive of Auslan recordings
56:
47:
200:
members of parliament on disability issues in 2007.
50:
2057:- Australian Sign Language Interpreters Association
1509:
1030:sign languages exist, unrelated to Auslan, such as
916:
educational environment without Auslan, and those "
41:
1505:
1503:
1356:The story of Betty Steel: deaf convict and pioneer
968:Linguists often regard Auslan as having two major
1957:, NSW, Australia : North Rocks Press :
1100:to showcase Australian Sign Language in its main
783:Phoebe is an engineer : PHOEBE WHAT ENGINEER
190:
7105:
1751:Mitchell, Ross E.; Karchmer, Michael A. (2004).
1750:
1682:
1046:. They have also been noted as far south as the
931:
802:
215:, and Australians, to learn and use Auslan as a
6253:World Association of Sign Language Interpreters
1500:
1016:Indigenous Australian sign languages and Auslan
88:(NZSL); the three have descended from the same
1072:
16:Sign language of the Australian deaf community
6396:
6243:International Center on Deafness and the Arts
2267:
2089:
1874:"Watch a Silent Agreement | Prime Video"
1488:(Thesis). University of the West of England.
1352:
897:
4301:
2317:
2051:- An online dictionary of Auslan video clips
1801:
1096:was Australia's first theatrically released
1065:) form a distinct signing community using a
799:space also makes all pronouns non-gendered.
1959:Royal Institute for Deaf and Blind Children
1678:
1676:
1088:, however, has its adherents in Australia.
811:share a single sign language. Auslan is a
637:Royal Institute for Deaf and Blind Children
6410:
6403:
6389:
2274:
2260:
2096:
2082:
1894:
1826:
1763:(2). Gallaudet University Press: 138–162.
1687:(3). Gallaudet University Press: 319–347.
1411:. Sydney, Australia: Macquarie University.
1386:"John Carmichael: Australian Deaf pioneer"
714:Previously, Auslan had been said to be an
1927:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1527:
1512:"Pronouns and pointing in sign languages"
1159:
115:
1964:
1923:Johnston, T. & Schembri, A. (2007).
1744:
1673:
1579:
1442:
838:
786:She is at school : SHE WHERE SCHOOL
610:
6048:Manually coded language in South Africa
1795:
1190:
1153:
1012:in bridging barriers to communication.
7106:
1443:Johnston, Trevor A. (1 January 1989).
1346:
1285:"Deaf community invited to parliament"
1184:
1143:"Innovations for the Hearing Impaired"
1140:
6384:
4300:
2316:
2255:
2077:
1584:. NSW, Australia: North Rocks Press.
1483:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1406:
1377:
1334:from the original on 3 September 2017
1315:
1297:from the original on 20 February 2015
1225:
1134:
807:It is sometimes wrongly assumed that
590:
588:
581:
572:
570:
563:
561:
554:
545:
535:
533:
531:
529:
527:
525:
523:
517:
515:
513:
507:
505:
503:
497:
495:
493:
487:
481:
479:
467:
465:
463:
457:
455:
448:
446:
444:
438:
436:
434:
428:
426:
424:
418:
416:
414:
412:
410:
352:
302:
300:
298:
296:
294:
288:
286:
284:
269:
267:
265:
263:
261:
259:
257:
255:
253:
251:
249:
247:
245:
2103:
1219:
1022:Australian Aboriginal sign languages
823:and (more recently) Signed English.
615:Thomas Pattison, early Deaf educator
25:Australian Aboriginal sign languages
6359:
6350:
6328:
3085:Creole Hawaiʻi Sign Language (CHSL)
1328:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
13:
4398:Somalia, Somaliland & Djibouti
4012:Jamaican Country (KS/Konchri Sain)
1917:
1834:"SignPuddle Australian Dictionary"
1822:from the original on 13 June 2011.
1472:
1353:Branson, Jan; Miller, Don (1995).
1211:from the original on 20 May 2016.
651:was founded by a Deaf Englishman,
14:
7130:
2281:
2008:
1940:Deaf Australia : Auslan Shop
1840:from the original on 16 June 2012
1791:from the original on 30 May 2010.
1180:from the original on 20 May 2016.
924:, and see themselves as users of
870:
855:such as personal or place names,
834:
5980:
5771:Sandy River Valley Sign Language
1396:from the original on 2 May 2016.
1373:from the original on 6 May 2016.
831:not resemble any English word).
815:distinct from spoken or written
37:
6830:South Australian Pidgin English
6361:
6352:
6330:
6298:U.S. Army hand and arm signals
5382:Far North Queensland Indigenous
4004:Keresan Pueblo (KPISL/Keresign)
1895:Mark White (13 November 2014).
1866:
1852:
1648:
1623:
1598:
1573:
1559:www.australiancurriculum.edu.au
1544:
1436:
1400:
1316:Wynne, Emma (2 February 2015).
1108:of using non-deaf actors using
958:Papua New Guinean Sign Language
655:, who had been educated at the
104:is quite different from spoken
7070:Australian Irish Sign Language
6119:Bilingual–bicultural education
5439:Western Torres Strait Islander
4513:Kata Kolok (Benkala, Balinese)
2490:Western Torres Strait Islander
1309:
1277:
1259:
1238:
675:Australian Irish Sign Language
649:Victorian College for the Deaf
191:Prominent advocates for Auslan
21:Australian Irish Sign Language
1:
6774:Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin
5191:Greenlandic (Ussersuataarneq)
4339:Adamorobe (AdaSL / Mumu kasa)
4201:Adamorobe (AdaSL / Mumu kasa)
3950:Greenlandic (Ussersuataarneq)
3457:Taiwanese (TSL/Taiwan Shouyu)
1127:
932:Variation and standardisation
803:Auslan in relation to English
735:of a questioning expression.
709:
623:, who arrived in 1790 on the
276:
147:Disability Discrimination Act
3777:Providence Island (Provisle)
3427:North West Frontier Province
2039:Resources in other libraries
1529:10.1016/j.lingua.2013.09.010
1163:National Policy on Languages
926:English as a second language
770:, which means that the verb
647:just a few weeks later, the
205:Young Australian of the Year
92:, and together comprise the
76:used by the majority of the
7:
7119:Sign languages of Australia
7114:BANZSL Sign Language family
6816:Port Jackson Pidgin English
5377:Akitiri (Eltye eltyarrenke)
1968:American Annals of the Deaf
1802:O'Reilly, Suzannah (2006).
1145:. About.com. Archived from
1115:
1073:Written and recorded Auslan
1004:and Scottish varieties in
963:
945:more rapidly from BSL than
793:
677:(or AISL) was born. Unlike
10:
7135:
6248:Mimics and Gesture Theatre
5457:Hawaiʻan (Haoilona ʻŌlelo)
5387:Arrernte (Iltyeme iltyeme)
4173:Trinidad and Tobago (TTSL)
4027:Hausa (HSL/Magannar Hannu)
3447:Japanese (JSL/Nihon Shuwa)
2841:Estonian (Eesti viipekeel)
2061:Auslan online dictionaries
1977:Gallaudet University Press
1888:
1407:Hodge, Gabrielle (2014) .
1160:Lo Bianco, Joseph (1987).
1053:Deaf Indigenous people of
1019:
949:has from British English.
898:Acquisition and nativeness
874:
809:English-speaking countries
743:Verbs in Auslan which are
704:
226:
18:
7079:
7038:
6964:
6847:Major immigrant languages
6846:
6823:Queensland Kanaka English
6747:
6665:? (5-6 families/isolates)
6603:
6479:
6467:
6418:
6326:
6261:
6230:
6159:
6136:
6111:
6026:
6003:
5992:
5944:
5846:
5784:
5713:
5675:
5640:
5524:
5493:Papua New Guinean (PNGSL)
5356:
5066:
4751:
4442:
4307:
4293:
4234:
3932:Hawaiʻi (Hoailona ʻŌlelo)
3790:
3765:
3742:Ktunaxa (ʾa·qanⱡiⱡⱡitnam)
3726:
3709:
3590:
3581:
3563:
3535:
3499:
3465:
3437:
3391:
3363:
3326:
3290:
3269:
3248:
3227:
3206:
3172:
3149:Kazakh-Russian (KSL/KRSL)
3131:
3122:
3092:
3075:
3058:
3019:
2995:
2913:
2902:
2826:
2817:
2788:
2775:
2766:
2731:
2689:
2644:Papua New Guinean (PNGSL)
2634:
2625:
2595:
2566:
2553:
2544:
2511:
2502:
2477:
2449:
2323:
2307:
2299:List by number of signers
2289:
2236:
2199:
2176:
2143:
2127:
2111:
2034:Resources in your library
1902:The Sydney Morning Herald
1552:"Revised Auslan Glossary"
601:
599:
579:
552:
539:
537:
521:
519:
511:
509:
501:
499:
491:
489:
461:
459:
442:
440:
432:
430:
422:
420:
404:
402:
400:
394:
392:
390:
384:
382:
380:
374:
372:
370:
364:
362:
360:
350:
346:
344:
342:
340:
338:
336:
334:
332:
330:
328:
326:
320:
318:
316:
314:
312:
310:
308:
86:New Zealand Sign Language
78:Australian Deaf community
7061:Indigenous Sign Language
6058:Paget Gorman Sign System
5512:Samoa and American Samoa
4302:Sign languages by region
4087:Ottoman (Seraglio/Harem)
3813:Albarradas Sign Language
3803:Al-Sayyid Bedouin (ABSL)
3636:Meciciya ka pekiskwakehk
3488:Martha's Vineyard (MVSL)
3452:Korean (KSL/Hanguk Sueo)
2704:Finland-Swedish (FinSSL)
2318:Sign languages by family
1082:or online dictionaries.
738:
722:in Auslan may come from
70:Australian Sign Language
19:Not to be confused with
6965:Major foreign languages
6629:? (3 families/isolates)
6303:Monastic sign languages
6151:Television shows (list)
6124:Manually coded language
5957:Hamburg Notation System
3750:Shuswap (Secwepemcékst)
2996:Indonesian (Nusantaric)
2719:Finnish (Viittomakieli)
2656:Northern Ireland (NISL)
2064:(in English and French)
1580:Schembri, Adam (1996).
1253:Parliament of Australia
1226:Flynn, John W. (2001).
213:Government of Australia
165:television in Australia
80:. Auslan is related to
7092:Indigenous Australians
7085:Aboriginal Australians
6412:Languages of Australia
6274:CHCI chimpanzee center
6043:Manually coded English
5741:Henniker Sign Language
5407:Warumungu (Warramunga)
5392:Warlpiri (Rdaka rdaka)
4386:Hausa (Magannar Hannu)
2294:List of sign languages
1732:Cite journal requires
1460:Cite journal requires
1424:Cite journal requires
1191:Dawkins, John (1991).
1122:List of sign languages
1032:Warlpiri Sign Language
844:
694:American Sign Language
616:
116:Recognition and status
7054:Australian Aboriginal
6451:Australian Aboriginal
6098:Signing Exact English
6038:Indian Signing System
5761:Plateau Sign Language
5135:Inuit (Atgangmuurniq)
4712:Tibetan (Bökyi lagda)
4242:Amami Shuwa languages
3915:Guatemalan (Lensegua)
3855:Tibetan (Bökyi lagda)
3834:Caucasian (Harsneren)
3782:Old Cayman (Guyanese)
3310:Norwegian (Tegnspråk)
3282:French Belgian (LSFB)
2714:Swedish (Teckenspråk)
1985:10.1353/aad.2004.0004
1769:10.1353/sls.2004.0005
1757:Sign Language Studies
1693:10.1353/sls.2007.0019
1484:Rudge, L. A. (2018).
1290:Sydney Morning Herald
1141:Bellis, Mary (2004).
1044:Torres Strait Islands
1028:Indigenous Australian
842:
679:British Sign Language
614:
272:British Sign Language
209:Drisana Levitzke-Gray
126:Australian government
82:British Sign Language
6837:Torres Strait Creole
6346:French Sign Language
6053:Manually Coded Malay
5861:British (two-handed)
5797:Bimodal bilingualism
5427:Far North Queensland
4735:Ban Khor (Pasa kidd)
4257:Sri Lankan languages
4188:Venezuelan (LSV/VSL)
4092:Ban Khor (Pasa kidd)
3603:Chaticks si Chaticks
3583:Plains Sign Language
3501:Mayan (Meemul Tziij)
3003:Indonesian (Bisindo)
2681:South African (SASL)
2404:Far North Queensland
1945:7 April 2021 at the
1234:on 17 February 2011.
1055:Far North Queensland
892:constructed language
768:zero-copula language
683:French Sign Language
657:Old Kent Road School
169:community television
4268:Tanzanian languages
4247:Ethiopian languages
4214:Nanabin (NanabinSL)
3305:Icelandic (Táknmál)
3020:Francophone African
2978:Puerto Rican (PRSL)
2836:Swiss-German (DSGS)
2767:Chilean-Paraguayan-
1293:. 17 October 2007.
1149:on 7 November 2008.
1040:Cape York Peninsula
671:Irish Sign Language
583:Northern Ireland SL
6437:Western Australian
6269:Baby sign language
6167:Jabbar Baghtcheban
5648:International Sign
5551:Brazilian (Libras)
5465:New Zealand (NZSL)
5412:Mudbura (Mudburra)
5340:Sandy River Valley
5319:Keresan (Keresign)
4910:Yugoslav (Kosovar)
4281:International Sign
4262:Sudanese languages
3885:Navajo/Diné Family
3699:Wíyut'a / Wíblut'e
3537:Original Thai Sign
3315:Danish (Tegnsprog)
2858:Brazilian (Libras)
2671:New Zealand (NZSL)
1093:A Silent Agreement
947:Australian English
845:
733:nonmanual features
617:
163:Auslan content on
7101:
7100:
6743:
6742:
6663:Macro-Gunwinyguan
6604:Language families
6378:
6377:
6371:extinct languages
6293:Legal recognition
6172:Jeanette Berglind
6132:
6131:
5833:Nonmanual feature
5746:Martha's Vineyard
5671:
5670:
5325:Martha's Vineyard
4820:Faroese (Teknmál)
4542:Al-Sayyid Bedouin
4352:Bouakako (LaSiBo)
4289:
4288:
4274:Zimsign languages
4252:Laotian languages
4136:Rwandan (AKR/AMR)
3895:Ecuadorian (LSEC)
3840:Azerbaijani (AİD)
3761:
3760:
3359:
3358:
3202:
3201:
3118:
3117:
3108:Cypriot (ΚΝΓ/KNG)
2813:
2812:
2741:Chinese (CSL/ZGS)
2727:
2726:
2621:
2620:
2591:
2590:
2498:
2497:
2353:Eltye eltyarrenke
2333:
2332:multiple families
2249:
2248:
2243:extinct languages
2232:
2231:
2156:Papua New Guinean
2049:www.auslan.org.au
2015:Library resources
994:Western Australia
980:), and Southern (
690:lexical borrowing
609:
608:
605:
604:
595:(c. 1860–present)
586:(c. 1920–present)
577:(c. 1900–present)
568:(c. 1870–present)
559:(c. 1860–present)
550:(c. 1990–present)
475:(c. 1800–present)
471:Swedish SL family
453:(c. 1860–present)
223:for Australians.
181:COVID-19 pandemic
7126:
7094:
7087:
7072:
7063:
7056:
7049:
7031:
7024:
7017:
7010:
7003:
6996:
6989:
6982:
6975:
6957:
6950:
6943:
6936:
6929:
6922:
6915:
6908:
6901:
6894:
6887:
6878:
6871:
6864:
6857:
6839:
6832:
6825:
6818:
6811:
6804:
6797:
6790:
6783:
6776:
6769:
6736:
6724:
6717:
6710:
6702:
6695:
6688:
6681:
6674:
6666:
6658:
6651:
6644:
6637:
6630:
6622:
6614:
6594:
6587:
6580:
6571:
6564:
6557:
6550:
6543:
6536:
6529:
6522:
6515:
6508:
6501:
6494:
6487:
6477:
6476:
6460:
6453:
6446:
6444:South Australian
6439:
6432:
6405:
6398:
6391:
6382:
6381:
6365:
6356:
6334:
6222:Pierre Pélissier
6207:Thomas Gallaudet
6182:Thomas Braidwood
6013:Initialized sign
6001:
6000:
5984:
5469:Papua New Guinea
5372:Australian-Irish
5078:Plains Sign Talk
4958:Northern Ireland
4954:Northern Ireland
4477:Hong Kong (HKSL)
4298:
4297:
4077:Nicaraguan (ISN)
3992:Kenyan (KSL/LAK)
3808:Albanian (AlbSL)
3588:
3587:
3402:Bangalore-Madras
3383:Israeli (Shassi)
3351:Thai (TSL/MSTSL)
3261:Honduran (LESHO)
3129:
3128:
2987:Singapore (SgSL)
2923:Black ASL (BASL)
2911:
2910:
2851:Australian-Irish
2824:
2823:
2773:
2772:
2749:Hong Kong (HKSL)
2709:Portuguese (LGP)
2699:Eritrean (EriSL)
2632:
2631:
2551:
2550:
2509:
2508:
2447:
2446:
2331:
2314:
2313:
2276:
2269:
2262:
2253:
2252:
2197:
2196:
2189:Northern Ireland
2105:BANZSL languages
2098:
2091:
2084:
2075:
2074:
2065:
2004:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1882:
1881:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1799:
1793:
1792:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1735:
1730:
1728:
1720:
1680:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1556:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1531:
1507:
1498:
1497:
1481:
1470:
1469:
1463:
1458:
1456:
1448:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1427:
1422:
1420:
1412:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1250:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1138:
1057:(extending from
942:standard dialect
922:primary language
813:natural language
665:boarding schools
653:Frederick J Rose
592:South African SL
477:
281:
278:
243:
242:
231:
230:
217:natural language
185:ABC News channel
110:natural language
63:
62:
59:
58:
55:
52:
49:
46:
43:
7134:
7133:
7129:
7128:
7127:
7125:
7124:
7123:
7104:
7103:
7102:
7097:
7090:
7083:
7075:
7068:
7059:
7052:
7045:
7034:
7027:
7020:
7013:
7006:
6999:
6992:
6985:
6978:
6971:
6960:
6953:
6946:
6939:
6932:
6925:
6918:
6911:
6904:
6897:
6890:
6883:
6874:
6867:
6860:
6853:
6842:
6835:
6828:
6821:
6814:
6807:
6800:
6793:
6786:
6779:
6772:
6765:
6758:mixed languages
6756:
6739:
6727:
6720:
6713:
6705:
6698:
6691:
6684:
6677:
6669:
6661:
6654:
6647:
6640:
6633:
6625:
6617:
6610:
6599:
6590:
6583:
6576:
6567:
6560:
6553:
6546:
6539:
6532:
6525:
6518:
6511:
6504:
6497:
6490:
6483:
6471:
6463:
6456:
6449:
6442:
6435:
6428:
6414:
6409:
6379:
6374:
6322:
6308:Tactile signing
6257:
6226:
6155:
6128:
6107:
6083:Signed Japanese
6029:
6022:
5995:
5988:
5962:Stokoe notation
5940:
5842:
5802:Phonology (ASL)
5780:
5715:
5709:
5667:
5636:
5535:Argentine (LSA)
5520:
5352:
5175:New Costa Rican
5170:Old Costa Rican
5070:
5068:
5062:
4946:North Macedonia
4747:
4438:
4373:Bamako (LaSiMa)
4303:
4285:
4235:Other groupings
4230:
4082:Old Costa Rican
4057:Burkina (Mossi)
4037:Mauritian (MSL)
3910:Ghardaia (AJSL)
3823:Argentine (LSA)
3786:
3768:
3757:
3722:
3705:
3577:
3559:
3531:
3495:
3461:
3433:
3394:
3387:
3355:
3322:
3292:Danish (Tegnic)
3286:
3265:
3244:
3223:
3198:
3173:Yugoslavic Sign
3168:
3139:Bulgarian (БЖЕ)
3124:
3114:
3103:Greek (ΕΝΓ/ENG)
3088:
3078:Hoailona ʻŌlelo
3071:
3054:
3041:Bamako (LaSiMa)
3022:(Françafrosign)
3021:
3015:
2991:
2963:Malaysian (BIM)
2905:
2898:
2873:Valencian (LSV)
2809:
2800:Paraguay (LSPY)
2791:
2784:
2768:
2762:
2723:
2685:
2617:
2587:
2562:
2546:
2540:
2504:Arab (Ishaaric)
2494:
2473:
2445:
2358:Iltyeme iltyeme
2329:
2326:
2319:
2309:
2303:
2285:
2280:
2250:
2245:
2228:
2214:Finland-Swedish
2195:
2172:
2139:
2123:
2107:
2102:
2063:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2011:
1947:Wayback Machine
1920:
1918:Further reading
1907:
1905:
1891:
1886:
1885:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1843:
1841:
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1827:
1816:
1800:
1796:
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1681:
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1654:
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1649:
1639:
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1628:
1624:
1614:
1612:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1592:
1578:
1574:
1564:
1562:
1561:. November 2016
1554:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1508:
1501:
1482:
1473:
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1449:
1441:
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1425:
1423:
1414:
1413:
1405:
1401:
1382:
1378:
1367:
1351:
1347:
1337:
1335:
1314:
1310:
1300:
1298:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1271:ABC Help Centre
1265:
1264:
1260:
1248:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1224:
1220:
1205:
1189:
1185:
1174:
1158:
1154:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1118:
1075:
1024:
1018:
990:South Australia
978:New South Wales
966:
934:
900:
879:
873:
849:manual alphabet
837:
805:
796:
745:depicting signs
741:
712:
707:
641:New South Wales
621:Elizabeth Steel
594:
585:
576:
567:
558:
549:
474:
468:
452:
279:
274:
229:
193:
154:second language
118:
90:parent language
40:
36:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7132:
7122:
7121:
7116:
7099:
7098:
7096:
7095:
7088:
7080:
7077:
7076:
7074:
7073:
7066:
7065:
7064:
7050:
7042:
7040:
7039:Sign languages
7036:
7035:
7033:
7032:
7025:
7018:
7011:
7004:
6997:
6990:
6983:
6976:
6968:
6966:
6962:
6961:
6959:
6958:
6951:
6944:
6937:
6930:
6923:
6916:
6909:
6902:
6895:
6888:
6881:
6880:
6879:
6872:
6858:
6850:
6848:
6844:
6843:
6841:
6840:
6833:
6826:
6819:
6812:
6805:
6802:Light Warlpiri
6798:
6791:
6788:Gurindji Kriol
6784:
6777:
6770:
6762:
6760:
6745:
6744:
6741:
6740:
6738:
6737:
6725:
6718:
6711:
6703:
6696:
6689:
6682:
6675:
6671:Marrku–Wurrugu
6667:
6659:
6652:
6645:
6638:
6631:
6623:
6615:
6607:
6605:
6601:
6600:
6598:
6597:
6596:
6595:
6592:Djambarrpuyngu
6588:
6574:
6573:
6572:
6569:Pitjantjatjara
6565:
6558:
6548:Western Desert
6544:
6537:
6530:
6523:
6516:
6509:
6506:Kalaw Lagaw Ya
6502:
6495:
6488:
6480:
6474:
6465:
6464:
6462:
6461:
6454:
6447:
6440:
6433:
6425:
6423:
6416:
6415:
6408:
6407:
6400:
6393:
6385:
6376:
6375:
6327:
6324:
6323:
6321:
6320:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6300:
6295:
6290:
6285:
6271:
6265:
6263:
6259:
6258:
6256:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6234:
6232:
6228:
6227:
6225:
6224:
6219:
6217:William Stokoe
6214:
6209:
6204:
6202:Valerie Sutton
6199:
6194:
6192:Abbé de l'Épée
6189:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6163:
6161:
6157:
6156:
6154:
6153:
6148:
6142:
6140:
6134:
6133:
6130:
6129:
6127:
6126:
6121:
6115:
6113:
6109:
6108:
6106:
6105:
6103:Signed Swedish
6100:
6095:
6093:Signed Spanish
6090:
6085:
6080:
6078:Signed Italian
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6034:
6032:
6024:
6023:
6021:
6020:
6015:
6010:
6004:
5998:
5990:
5989:
5987:
5986:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5948:
5946:
5942:
5941:
5939:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5921:Serbo-Croatian
5918:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5852:
5850:
5848:Fingerspelling
5844:
5843:
5841:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5825:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5788:
5786:
5782:
5781:
5779:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5719:
5717:
5711:
5710:
5708:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5681:
5679:
5673:
5672:
5669:
5668:
5666:
5665:
5660:
5655:
5650:
5644:
5642:
5638:
5637:
5635:
5634:
5629:
5626:
5621:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5600:
5595:
5592:
5587:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5571:
5566:
5563:
5558:
5553:
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5537:
5532:
5528:
5526:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5518:
5513:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5467:
5462:
5459:
5454:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5434:Western Desert
5431:
5430:
5429:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5360:
5358:
5354:
5353:
5351:
5350:
5343:
5336:
5331:
5328:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5308:
5305:
5302:
5299:
5298:
5297:
5292:
5285:American (ASL)
5282:
5279:
5277:Old Salvadoran
5274:
5269:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5253:
5248:
5245:
5240:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5222:
5217:
5214:
5209:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5193:
5188:
5185:
5180:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5154:
5147:
5144:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5125:Maritime (MSL)
5122:
5117:
5114:
5111:
5108:
5107:
5106:
5101:
5094:American (ASL)
5091:
5088:
5083:
5080:
5074:
5072:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5060:
5055:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5040:Central Taurus
5037:
5034:
5029:
5026:
5021:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
5000:
4995:
4992:
4987:
4984:
4979:
4976:
4971:
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4963:
4960:
4955:
4952:
4947:
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4920:
4915:
4912:
4907:
4904:
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4891:
4888:
4883:
4880:
4875:
4872:
4867:
4864:
4859:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4838:
4833:
4830:
4825:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4809:
4804:
4801:
4796:
4795:United Kingdom
4793:
4791:French Belgian
4788:
4783:
4780:
4775:
4772:
4767:
4764:
4759:
4755:
4753:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4745:
4740:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4714:
4709:
4706:
4701:
4698:
4693:
4690:
4685:
4682:
4677:
4674:
4669:
4666:
4661:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4635:
4630:
4627:
4622:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4601:
4596:
4593:
4591:Kazakh-Russian
4588:
4585:
4580:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4523:
4518:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4502:
4497:
4495:Indo-Pakistani
4492:
4487:
4482:
4479:
4474:
4471:
4466:
4463:
4458:
4455:
4450:
4446:
4444:
4440:
4439:
4437:
4436:
4431:
4428:
4423:
4420:
4415:
4412:
4407:
4404:
4399:
4396:
4391:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4362:
4357:
4354:
4349:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4333:
4328:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4311:
4309:
4305:
4304:
4295:
4291:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4284:
4283:
4277:
4276:
4271:
4265:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4238:
4236:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4217:
4216:
4211:
4208:
4203:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4121:
4116:
4115:
4114:
4107:Peruvian (LSP)
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4052:Miyakubo Shuwa
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4006:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3953:
3952:
3947:
3939:
3938:
3937:
3929:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3890:Dogon/Douentza
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3794:
3792:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3784:
3779:
3773:
3771:
3763:
3762:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3755:
3752:
3747:
3744:
3739:
3736:
3732:
3730:
3724:
3723:
3721:
3720:
3716:
3714:
3712:American (ASL)
3707:
3706:
3704:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3685:
3682:
3679:
3676:
3673:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3661:
3658:
3655:
3652:
3649:
3646:
3643:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3631:
3628:
3625:
3622:
3619:
3616:
3613:
3610:
3607:
3604:
3601:
3598:
3595:
3591:
3585:
3579:
3578:
3576:
3575:
3573:Namibian (NSL)
3569:
3567:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3541:
3539:
3533:
3532:
3530:
3529:
3528:
3527:
3524:
3521:
3518:
3515:
3509:
3505:
3503:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3479:
3471:
3469:
3463:
3462:
3460:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3443:
3441:
3435:
3434:
3432:
3431:
3428:
3425:
3420:
3417:
3414:
3411:
3406:
3403:
3399:
3397:
3393:Indo-Pakistani
3389:
3388:
3386:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3369:
3367:
3361:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3354:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3332:
3330:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3320:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3296:
3294:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3279:
3273:
3271:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3252:
3250:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3242:
3240:Tunisian (TSL)
3237:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3221:
3216:
3210:
3208:
3204:
3203:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3196:
3194:Yugoslav (YSL)
3191:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3180:Croatian (HZJ)
3176:
3174:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3135:
3133:
3126:
3120:
3119:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3112:
3111:
3110:
3099:
3097:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3080:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3065:
3063:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3052:
3051:Sierra Leonean
3049:
3046:
3043:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3029:
3025:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3011:
3008:
2999:
2997:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2976:
2974:Filipino (FSL)
2971:
2968:
2965:
2960:
2957:
2954:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2946:
2943:
2935:
2932:
2931:
2930:
2925:
2918:American (ASL)
2914:
2908:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2896:
2894:Romanian (LSR)
2891:
2890:
2889:
2877:
2876:
2875:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2854:
2853:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2831:Algerian (LSA)
2827:
2821:
2815:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2796:
2794:
2792:Uruguayan Sign
2786:
2785:
2783:
2782:
2780:Chilean (LSCh)
2776:
2770:
2769:Uruguayan Sign
2764:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2759:
2758:
2757:
2756:
2755:
2754:
2737:
2735:
2729:
2728:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2695:
2693:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2666:Maritime (MSL)
2663:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2648:
2647:
2646:
2635:
2629:
2623:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2576:
2572:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2554:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2533:
2531:Qatari Unified
2528:
2523:
2518:
2512:
2506:
2500:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2492:
2487:
2481:
2479:
2478:Zendath Kesign
2475:
2474:
2472:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2455:
2453:
2451:Western Desert
2444:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2430:
2428:Worora Kinship
2425:
2420:
2413:
2408:
2407:
2406:
2396:
2391:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2367:
2360:
2355:
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2345:
2337:
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2321:
2320:
2311:
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2302:
2301:
2296:
2290:
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2279:
2278:
2271:
2264:
2256:
2247:
2246:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2205:
2203:
2194:
2193:
2192:
2191:
2180:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2147:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2131:
2129:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2115:
2113:
2109:
2108:
2101:
2100:
2093:
2086:
2078:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2058:
2052:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2009:External links
2007:
2006:
2005:
1962:
1936:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1914:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1865:
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1814:
1794:
1743:
1734:|journal=
1672:
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1622:
1597:
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1572:
1543:
1499:
1471:
1462:|journal=
1435:
1426:|journal=
1399:
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1172:
1152:
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1131:
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1071:
1042:, and on some
1020:Main article:
1017:
1014:
965:
962:
933:
930:
914:signed English
905:first language
899:
896:
877:Signed English
875:Main article:
872:
871:Signed English
869:
836:
835:Fingerspelling
833:
821:fingerspelling
804:
801:
795:
792:
791:
790:
787:
784:
776:interrogatives
740:
737:
724:code-switching
711:
708:
706:
703:
698:Signed English
607:
606:
603:
602:
600:
597:
596:
589:
587:
580:
578:
571:
569:
565:New Zealand SL
562:
560:
553:
551:
543:
541:
540:
538:
536:
534:
532:
530:
528:
526:
524:
522:
520:
518:
516:
514:
512:
510:
508:
506:
504:
502:
500:
498:
496:
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492:
490:
488:
485:
483:
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480:
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466:
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417:
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389:
387:
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379:
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361:
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290:
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283:
268:
266:
264:
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260:
258:
256:
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250:
248:
246:
239:
238:
228:
225:
192:
189:
117:
114:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7131:
7120:
7117:
7115:
7112:
7111:
7109:
7093:
7089:
7086:
7082:
7081:
7078:
7071:
7067:
7062:
7058:
7057:
7055:
7051:
7048:
7044:
7043:
7041:
7037:
7030:
7026:
7023:
7019:
7016:
7012:
7009:
7005:
7002:
6998:
6995:
6991:
6988:
6984:
6981:
6977:
6974:
6970:
6969:
6967:
6963:
6956:
6952:
6949:
6945:
6942:
6938:
6935:
6931:
6928:
6924:
6921:
6917:
6914:
6910:
6907:
6903:
6900:
6896:
6893:
6889:
6886:
6882:
6877:
6873:
6870:
6866:
6865:
6863:
6859:
6856:
6852:
6851:
6849:
6845:
6838:
6834:
6831:
6827:
6824:
6820:
6817:
6813:
6810:
6806:
6803:
6799:
6796:
6792:
6789:
6785:
6782:
6778:
6775:
6771:
6768:
6764:
6763:
6761:
6759:
6754:
6750:
6746:
6734:
6730:
6726:
6723:
6719:
6716:
6712:
6709:(4 families?)
6708:
6704:
6701:
6697:
6694:
6690:
6687:
6683:
6680:
6676:
6672:
6668:
6664:
6660:
6657:
6653:
6650:
6646:
6643:
6639:
6636:
6632:
6628:
6627:Darwin Region
6624:
6620:
6616:
6613:
6609:
6608:
6606:
6602:
6593:
6589:
6586:
6582:
6581:
6579:
6575:
6570:
6566:
6563:
6559:
6556:
6552:
6551:
6549:
6545:
6542:
6538:
6535:
6531:
6528:
6524:
6521:
6517:
6514:
6513:Murrinh Patha
6510:
6507:
6503:
6500:
6496:
6493:
6489:
6486:
6482:
6481:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6466:
6459:
6458:Torres Strait
6455:
6452:
6448:
6445:
6441:
6438:
6434:
6431:
6427:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6417:
6413:
6406:
6401:
6399:
6394:
6392:
6387:
6386:
6383:
6372:
6368:
6364:
6363:
6358:
6355:
6354:
6347:
6343:
6339:
6333:
6332:
6325:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6283:
6279:
6275:
6272:
6270:
6267:
6266:
6264:
6262:Miscellaneous
6260:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6235:
6233:
6231:Organisations
6229:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6187:Laurent Clerc
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6177:Pär Aron Borg
6175:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6164:
6162:
6158:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6143:
6141:
6139:
6135:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6117:
6116:
6114:
6110:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6088:Signed Polish
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6073:Signed German
6071:
6069:
6068:Signed French
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6035:
6033:
6031:
6025:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6005:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5991:
5983:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5949:
5947:
5943:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5853:
5851:
5849:
5845:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5820:
5816:
5812:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5792:Grammar (ASL)
5790:
5789:
5787:
5783:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5721:
5720:
5718:
5712:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5682:
5680:
5678:
5674:
5664:
5661:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5645:
5643:
5641:International
5639:
5633:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5530:
5529:
5527:
5525:South America
5523:
5517:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5498:Rossel Island
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5488:Mount Avejaha
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5428:
5425:
5424:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5362:
5361:
5359:
5355:
5349:
5348:
5344:
5342:
5341:
5337:
5335:
5334:Navajo Family
5332:
5329:
5327:
5326:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5309:
5306:
5303:
5300:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5287:
5286:
5283:
5281:United States
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5152:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5142:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5115:
5112:
5109:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5096:
5095:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5075:
5073:
5065:
5059:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4757:
4756:
4754:
4750:
4744:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4441:
4435:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4410:South African
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4313:
4312:
4310:
4306:
4299:
4296:
4292:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4275:
4272:
4269:
4266:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4239:
4237:
4233:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4221:Yoruban (YSL)
4219:
4215:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4206:Bura (Burasl)
4204:
4202:
4199:
4198:
4197:West African
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4183:Ugandan (USL)
4181:
4179:
4178:Turkish (TİD)
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4163:Spanish (LSE)
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4143:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4131:Rossel Island
4129:
4127:
4126:
4122:
4120:
4119:Qahveh Khaneh
4117:
4113:
4110:
4109:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4062:Mount Avejaha
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4022:Maltese (LSM)
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
3998:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3945:Atgangmuurniq
3943:
3942:
3940:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3927:
3923:
3921:
3920:Guinea-Bissau
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3835:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3789:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3772:
3770:
3764:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3729:
3725:
3718:
3717:
3715:
3713:
3708:
3701:
3698:
3695:
3692:
3689:
3686:
3683:
3680:
3677:
3674:
3671:
3668:
3665:
3662:
3659:
3656:
3653:
3650:
3647:
3644:
3641:
3638:
3635:
3632:
3629:
3626:
3623:
3620:
3617:
3614:
3611:
3608:
3605:
3602:
3599:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3580:
3574:
3571:
3570:
3568:
3566:
3562:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3542:
3540:
3538:
3534:
3526:Cepeda Peraza
3525:
3522:
3519:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3508:Highland Maya
3507:
3506:
3504:
3502:
3498:
3490:
3489:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3477:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3468:
3464:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3440:
3439:Japanese Sign
3436:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3418:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3396:
3390:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3362:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3329:
3325:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3293:
3289:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3277:Flemish (VGT)
3275:
3274:
3272:
3268:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3256:Mexican (LSM)
3254:
3253:
3251:
3247:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3235:Italian (LIS)
3233:
3232:
3230:
3226:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3171:
3165:
3164:Russian (РЖЯ)
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3154:Latvian (LSL)
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3130:
3127:
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3109:
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3101:
3100:
3098:
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3084:
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3067:
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3057:
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3018:
3009:
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2998:
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2895:
2892:
2888:
2887:
2883:
2882:
2881:
2878:
2874:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2868:Catalan (LSC)
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2806:
2805:Uruguay (LSU)
2803:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2787:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2774:
2771:
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2700:
2697:
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2692:
2688:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2652:
2651:British (BSL)
2649:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2624:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
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2598:
2594:
2583:
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2524:
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2514:
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2510:
2507:
2505:
2501:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2476:
2470:
2469:Ngaatjatjarra
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2448:
2442:
2439:
2437:
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2328:
2322:
2315:
2312:
2306:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2288:
2284:
2283:Sign language
2277:
2272:
2270:
2265:
2263:
2258:
2257:
2254:
2244:
2240:
2235:
2225:
2222:
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2207:
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2198:
2190:
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2182:
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2179:
2175:
2169:
2166:
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2153:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2126:
2120:
2119:South African
2117:
2116:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2099:
2094:
2092:
2087:
2085:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2070:
2067:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1969:
1963:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1941:
1937:
1934:
1933:9781139459631
1930:
1926:
1922:
1921:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1892:
1879:
1875:
1869:
1861:
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1835:
1829:
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1817:
1815:9780646463407
1811:
1807:
1806:
1798:
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1778:
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1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
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1718:
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1702:
1701:1959.14/32022
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1679:
1677:
1661:
1660:auslan.org.au
1657:
1651:
1636:
1635:auslan.org.au
1632:
1626:
1611:
1610:auslan.org.au
1607:
1601:
1593:
1591:9780949050076
1587:
1583:
1576:
1560:
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1418:
1410:
1403:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1380:
1372:
1368:
1366:0-646-21735-6
1362:
1358:
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1349:
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1319:
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1268:
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1233:
1229:
1222:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1204:0-644-14972-8
1200:
1196:
1195:
1187:
1179:
1175:
1173:0-644-06118-9
1169:
1165:
1164:
1156:
1148:
1144:
1137:
1133:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1113:
1111:
1110:sign language
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1081:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1060:
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1037:
1033:
1029:
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1003:
997:
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987:
983:
979:
975:
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961:
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948:
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938:
929:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
906:
895:
893:
888:
885:
878:
868:
864:
861:
858:
854:
850:
847:A two-handed
841:
832:
829:
824:
822:
818:
814:
810:
800:
788:
785:
782:
781:
780:
777:
773:
769:
764:
760:
758:
757:signing space
754:
750:
746:
736:
734:
728:
725:
721:
717:
702:
699:
695:
691:
686:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
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642:
638:
633:
631:
626:
622:
613:
598:
593:
584:
575:
566:
557:
548:
544:
542:
486:
484:
476:
472:
451:
409:
406:
398:
396:
388:
386:
378:
376:
368:
366:
358:
356:
355:
348:
324:
322:
306:
304:
293:
291:
273:
244:
241:
240:
236:
233:
232:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
201:
198:
188:
186:
182:
179:. During the
178:
174:
170:
166:
161:
159:
155:
150:
148:
143:
139:
135:
130:
127:
123:
113:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
74:sign language
71:
67:
61:
34:
30:
26:
22:
7046:
6693:Pama–Nyungan
6621:(5 families)
6485:Anindilyakwa
6366:
6360:
6351:
6349:
6329:
6146:Films (list)
6063:Signed Dutch
6008:Contact sign
5453:Hawaii (USA)
5366:
5346:
5339:
5324:
5149:
5140:
5032:Swiss-German
4668:Saudi Arabia
4406:South Africa
4140:
4123:
3997:Somali (SSL)
3924:
3832:
3767:Providencia–
3746:Nesilextcl'n
3719:Oneida (OSL)
3681:Tickanwa•tic
3669:Schitsu'umsh
3651:Nųmą́khų́·ki
3565:Paget Gorman
3486:
3481:
3474:
3466:
3430:Punjab-Sindh
3378:Polish (PJM)
3373:German (DGS)
3249:Mexican Sign
3228:Italian Sign
3132:Russian Sign
3095:French (LSF)
3068:Oneida (OSL)
2982:Quebec (LSQ)
2967:Oneida (OSL)
2884:
2880:French (LSF)
2733:Chinese Sign
2691:Swedish Sign
2638:
2415:
2386:
2369:
2362:
2340:
2238:
2150:
2029:Online books
2019:
1972:
1966:
1950:
1924:
1906:. Retrieved
1900:
1877:
1868:
1854:
1842:. Retrieved
1828:
1804:
1797:
1760:
1756:
1746:
1725:cite journal
1684:
1663:. Retrieved
1659:
1650:
1638:. Retrieved
1634:
1625:
1613:. Retrieved
1609:
1600:
1581:
1575:
1563:. Retrieved
1558:
1546:
1519:
1515:
1485:
1453:cite journal
1438:
1417:cite journal
1402:
1389:
1379:
1355:
1348:
1336:. Retrieved
1321:
1311:
1299:. Retrieved
1288:
1279:
1270:
1261:
1252:
1240:
1232:the original
1221:
1212:
1193:
1186:
1162:
1155:
1147:the original
1136:
1098:feature film
1091:
1090:
1084:
1076:
1052:
1048:Murray River
1026:A number of
1025:
1010:
998:
967:
951:
940:There is no
939:
935:
917:
901:
889:
883:
880:
865:
862:
857:common nouns
853:proper nouns
846:
825:
806:
797:
771:
766:Auslan is a
765:
761:
752:
749:head-marking
744:
742:
729:
713:
687:
669:
634:
625:Second Fleet
618:
555:
469:
237:family tree
202:
197:David Gibson
194:
162:
151:
134:interpreters
131:
119:
69:
66:abbreviation
32:
31:
29:
6781:Cocos Malay
6767:Angloromani
6578:Yolŋu Matha
6288:Open Outcry
6212:Abbé Sicard
6197:Roger Fouts
6028:Signed Oral
5967:SignWriting
5815:Orientation
5785:Linguistics
5766:Pitha Pitha
5461:New Zealand
5397:Manjiljarra
5268:El Salvador
5028:Switzerland
4938:Netherlands
4778:Azerbaijani
4720:Old Bangkok
4660:Philippines
4348:Ivory Coast
4142:Sandy River
3880:Cuban (LSC)
3769:Cayman Sign
3618:Hinono'eino
3609:Coahuilteco
3594:Anishinaabe
3555:Old Bangkok
3476:Old Kentish
3405:Beluchistan
3365:German Sign
3346:Ho Chi Minh
3270:Old Belgian
3214:Dutch (NGT)
2953:Costa Rican
2846:Irish (ISL)
2790:Paraguayan-
2581:Palestinian
2464:Manjiljarra
2459:Kartutjarra
2394:Rdaka rdaka
2388:Pitha Pitha
2168:New Zealand
2144:Australasia
1979:: 358–375.
1955:North Rocks
1522:: 230–247.
1086:SignWriting
1036:Arnhem Land
972:—Northern (
956:to produce
547:Papua NG SL
450:Maritime SL
280: 1760
221:human right
120:Auslan was
7108:Categories
7008:Indonesian
6955:Vietnamese
6686:Nyulnyulan
6527:Walmajarri
6470:Indigenous
6430:Australian
6313:Protactile
5952:ASL-phabet
5936:Portuguese
5838:Sign names
5823:Expression
5751:Old French
5736:Kalkutungu
5705:Name signs
5695:Literature
5632:Venezuelan
5606:Inmaculada
5598:Paraguayan
5590:Ecuadorian
5444:Yir Yoront
5295:Protactile
5272:Salvadoran
5264:Panamanian
5251:Nicaraguan
5228:Albarradas
5199:Guatemalan
5156:Costa Rica
5151:Old Cayman
5104:Protactile
4982:Portuguese
4950:Macedonian
4926:Lithuanian
4774:Azerbaijan
4743:Vietnamese
4700:Tajikistan
4688:Sri Lankan
4587:Kazakhstan
4557:Kafr Qasem
4508:Indonesian
4210:Mofu-Gudur
4148:Salvadoran
4125:Rennellese
4112:Inmaculada
4067:Mozambican
4017:Macedonian
3987:Kata Kolok
3977:Kafr Qasim
3936:Creole HSL
3687:Tsuu T'ina
3648:Niitsítapi
3642:Ni Mii Puu
3633:Maagiadawa
3597:Apsáalooke
3523:Trascorral
3207:Dutch Sign
3010:Yogyakarta
2970:Panamanian
2928:Protactile
2886:Old French
2863:Lithuanian
2819:Francosign
2436:Yir Yoront
2423:Warramunga
2371:Kalkutungu
2327:Aboriginal
2325:Australian
2219:Portuguese
1908:11 January
1656:"Signbank"
1631:"Signbank"
1606:"Signbank"
1128:References
974:Queensland
884:discussing
710:Word order
574:British SL
207:for 2015,
173:Channel 31
142:dictionary
122:recognised
102:vocabulary
84:(BSL) and
6869:Cantonese
6729:Yangmanic
6722:Worrorran
6707:Tasmanian
6541:Warumungu
6472:languages
6422:varieties
6369:indicate
6030:Languages
5931:Ukrainian
5891:Hungarian
5876:Esperanto
5807:Handshape
5776:Warluwara
5716:languages
5700:Profanity
5663:Signalong
5628:Venezuela
5624:Uruguayan
5577:Colombian
5531:Argentina
5402:Warlmanpa
5363:Australia
5301:Blackfeet
5290:Black ASL
5247:Nicaragua
5195:Guatemala
5187:Greenland
5110:Blackfoot
5099:Black ASL
5067:North and
5058:Ukrainian
5016:Valencian
4998:Slovenian
4966:Norwegian
4922:Lithuania
4886:Icelandic
4878:Hungarian
4725:Chiangmai
4696:Taiwanese
4684:Sri Lanka
4680:Singapore
4676:Singapore
4633:Mongolian
4607:Malaysian
4504:Indonesia
4473:Hong Kong
4461:Cambodian
4418:Tanzanian
4294:By region
3850:Bhutanese
3645:Niimíipuu
3627:Karankawa
3550:Hai Phong
3545:Chiangmai
3336:Hai Phong
3328:Viet-Thai
3190:Slovenian
3159:Mongolian
3125:Hungarian
3061:Hand Talk
3028:Ethiopian
2956:Dominican
2950:Cambodian
2745:Shanghai
2575:Jordanian
2568:Levantine
2547:Levantine
2432:Yan-nhaŋu
2417:Warluwara
2411:Warlmanpa
2377:Miriwoong
2241:indicate
1785:145578065
1777:0302-1475
1717:144684691
1709:1533-6263
1538:0024-3841
1112:in film.
1063:Cape York
1002:Melbourne
954:Tok Pisin
630:Edinburgh
177:Melbourne
72:) is the
7022:Japanese
6876:Mandarin
6656:Jarrakan
6649:Iwaidjan
6642:Giimbiyu
6534:Warlpiri
6492:Arrernte
6018:Mouthing
5994:Language
5977:ASLwrite
5901:Japanese
5856:American
5828:Mouthing
5819:Movement
5811:Location
5756:Old Kent
5722:Chilmark
5658:Monastic
5611:Peruvian
5594:Paraguay
5582:Provisle
5573:Colombia
5543:Bolivian
5503:Sinasina
5347:Henniker
5307:Cheyenne
5259:Chiriqui
5220:Honduran
5216:Honduras
5086:Belizean
4994:Slovenia
4978:Portugal
4844:Ghardaia
4828:Estonian
4807:Croatian
4770:Austrian
4762:Armenian
4716:Thailand
4664:Filipino
4656:Nepalese
4641:Ghandruk
4629:Mongolia
4625:Maldives
4621:Maldives
4617:Selangor
4603:Malaysia
4575:Miyakubo
4565:Japanese
4547:Ghardaia
4457:Cambodia
4414:Tanzania
4327:Cameroon
4323:Ghardaia
4318:Algerian
4153:Sinasina
3926:Henniker
3905:Ghandruk
3845:Belizean
3828:Armenian
3791:Isolates
3738:Kalispel
3735:A'aninin
3693:Wazhazhe
3690:Umatilla
3672:Shiwinna
3663:Piipaash
3612:Dane-zaa
3606:Cheyenne
3511:Yucatec
3482:Chilmark
3416:Calcutta
3300:Malagasy
3144:Georgian
3048:Nigerian
3045:Moroccan
3034:Ghanaian
2959:Jamaican
2945:Mandalay
2934:Bolivian
2904:American
2596:Possible
2578:Lebanese
2516:Egyptian
2382:Mudburra
2348:Djingili
2310:families
2308:Language
2135:Maritime
2128:Americas
2001:21638387
1993:15132016
1943:Archived
1844:22 March
1838:Archived
1820:Archived
1789:Archived
1494:67275776
1394:Archived
1371:Archived
1338:22 March
1332:Archived
1323:ABC News
1301:22 March
1295:Archived
1209:Archived
1178:Archived
1116:See also
1106:politics
1102:dialogue
1059:Yarrabah
986:Tasmania
982:Victoria
970:dialects
964:Dialects
828:mouthing
794:Pronouns
645:Victoria
195:In 2006
171:station
7029:Spanish
7015:Italian
6980:Chinese
6941:Tagalog
6934:Spanish
6927:Punjabi
6913:Maltese
6899:Italian
6862:Chinese
6753:creoles
6749:Pidgins
6733:Wagiman
6731:(incl.
6700:Tangkic
6635:Garrwan
6612:Bunuban
6562:Pintupi
6555:Luritja
6499:Burarra
6420:English
6367:Italics
6318:Tic-tac
6160:Persons
5996:contact
5945:Writing
5926:Spanish
5916:Russian
5871:Chilean
5866:Catalan
5731:Jaralde
5714:Extinct
5685:Grammar
5653:Makaton
5620:Uruguay
5586:Ecuador
5569:Chilean
5561:Ka'apor
5539:Bolivia
5357:Oceania
5243:Mexican
5233:Chatino
5212:Haitian
5141:Plateau
5071:America
5069:Central
5054:Ukraine
5050:Turkish
5024:Swedish
5011:Spanish
5006:Catalan
4990:Russian
4934:Russian
4930:Moldova
4918:Latvian
4902:Italian
4890:Ireland
4882:Iceland
4874:Hungary
4858:Germany
4836:Finnish
4832:Finland
4824:Estonia
4811:Denmark
4803:Croatia
4799:British
4786:Flemish
4782:Belgium
4766:Austria
4758:Armenia
4739:Vietnam
4704:Russian
4646:Jhankot
4599:Laotian
4552:Israeli
4534:Kurdish
4521:Persian
4490:Bengali
4469:Chinese
4453:Bengali
4434:Zambian
4426:Ugandan
4390:Senegal
4377:Nigeria
4344:Nanabin
4314:Algeria
4226:Zambian
4102:Persian
4008:Kisindo
3967:Ka'apor
3957:Jhankot
3875:Chatino
3728:Plateau
3710:Mixed,
3702:Wyandot
3696:Wichita
3684:Tháumgá
3666:Ppáⁿkka
3654:Nʉmʉnʉʉ
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3621:Hiraacá
3600:Arikara
3467:Kentish
3409:Bengali
3319:Teknmál
3219:Gambian
3187:Serbian
3184:Kosovar
3123:Austro-
3093:Mixed,
3076:Mixed,
3059:Mixed,
3037:Guinean
3031:Chadian
3007:Jakarta
2938:Burmese
2906:(ASLic)
2603:Emirati
2521:Kuwaiti
2364:Jaralde
2239:Italics
2224:Swedish
2209:Finnish
2201:Swedish
2184:British
1889:Sources
1665:1 April
1640:1 April
1615:1 April
1565:1 April
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817:English
705:Grammar
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6987:French
6973:Arabic
6920:Nepali
6906:Korean
6855:Arabic
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6679:Mirndi
6585:Dhuwal
6468:Major
6282:Loulis
6278:Washoe
6112:Others
5911:Polish
5906:Korean
5886:German
5881:French
5726:Diyari
5690:Idioms
5547:Brazil
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5314:Oneida
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5255:Panama
5224:Mexico
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5082:Belize
5045:Mardin
5036:Turkey
5020:Sweden
4986:Russia
4974:Polish
4970:Poland
4962:Norway
4914:Latvia
4906:Kosovo
4866:Greece
4862:German
4849:French
4840:France
4815:Danish
4752:Europe
4692:Taiwan
4612:Penang
4583:Korean
4570:Koniya
4538:Israel
4485:Alipur
4449:Bengal
4430:Zambia
4422:Uganda
4402:Somali
4360:Kenyan
4331:Maroua
4308:Africa
4264:(~150)
4097:Penang
4042:M'bour
4032:Mardin
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3972:Kajana
3941:Inuit
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2639:Auslan
2627:BANZSL
2584:Syrian
2545:Iraqi–
2536:Yemeni
2526:Libyan
2485:Meriam
2399:Umpila
2342:Diyari
2177:Europe
2163:Samoan
2151:Auslan
2112:Africa
2020:Auslan
2017:about
1999:
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661:London
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33:Auslan
7001:Greek
6892:Hindi
6885:Greek
6795:Kriol
6138:Media
5896:Irish
5616:Sivia
5565:Chile
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5483:Mehek
5449:Yolŋu
5417:Ngada
5238:Mayan
5208:Haiti
5204:Mayan
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5002:Spain
4942:Dutch
4898:Italy
4894:Irish
4870:Greek
4854:Lyons
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4672:Saudi
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4637:Nepal
4579:Korea
4561:Japan
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3657:Omaha
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