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Reflexive pronoun

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740:. Standard English allows use of logophors in some contexts: for example, "John was angry. Embarrassing pictures of himself were on display." However, within Standard English, this logophoric use of reflexives is generally limited to positions where the reflexive does not have a coargument. The newer non-standard usage does not respect this limitation. In some cases, reflexives without local antecedents may be better analyzed as emphatic pronouns without any true reflexive sense. 237: 32: 373: 2144:, the reflexive case is not distinguishable from the accusative and dative cases except in the third person reflexive. As discussed above, the reflexive case is most useful when handling third person because it is not always clear that pronouns refer to the same person, whereas in the first and second persons, it is clear: 703:
that highlight or emphasize the individuality or particularity of the noun. Grammatically, the position of reflexive pronouns in this usage is either right after the noun the pronouns are emphasizing or, if the noun is subject, after-verb-or-object position is also possible. For example, "Why don't
3416:
as subject pronouns, they will be treated as though they were non-reflexive third person pronouns. This means verbs agree with a third person subject (despite having a second person referent in reality) but unlike a true reflexive object pronoun (which requires a definite verb ending), verbs using
433:
In some languages, some distinction exists between normal object and reflexive pronouns, mainly in the third person: whether one says "I like me" or "I like myself", there is no question that the object is the same person as the subject; but, in "They like them(selves)", there can be uncertainty
3513:
as the pronoun is a genuine reflexive. In this case, it is not possible to tell from the sentence alone whether the intention is third person informal, or second person formal. In reality however when clarity is required an explicit subject pronoun can be used to express informal third person
1465:
Also unlike English, the reflexive can refer to antecedents outside of the embedded clause. Because of this, it may be ambiguous whether the antecedent refers to the subject of the main clause or the embedded clause, in which case it may be necessary to reiterate the antecedent:
2163:
Because the accusative and dative cases are different, the speaker must know whether the verb is reflexive accusative or reflexive dative. There are very few reflexive dative verbs, which must be memorised to ensure that the correct grammar is used. The most notable one is
3263:
note the absence of non-reflexive subject pronoun in the latter case where the verb marking implies the subject. In order to intensify a relfexive pronoun in any other case, i.e. a reflexive pronoun with a genuine reflexive grammatical function the word
751:
some supper." While this was seemingly standard in Old English through the Early Modern Period (with "self" constructs primarily used for emphatic purposes), it is held to be dialectal or nonstandard in Modern English.
5183:
Because of the existence of reflexive forms, the use of a non-reflexive pronoun indicates a subject that is different from the object. If it is impossible, the sentence is invalid or at least irregular:
719:
Some speakers use reflexive pronouns without local linguistic antecedents to refer to discourse participants or people already referenced in a discourse: for example, "Please, forward the information to
3357:
Hungarian does not have a T-V distinction as in many European languages, rather it uses third person reflexive pronouns and third person verbs to indicate politeness. The singular pronouns
7995: 4485:"So, I'm casually walking down the street and suddenly I see 10 zloty just lying there.", lit. "I'm walking for myself, I'm looking for myself, and there lies for itself 10 zloty" 3753:
Reflexive pronouns are usually employed when the direct object in a sentence is also its subject, thus reflecting the action as expressed in the verb on the subject itself.
763:
is used when 'I' would be more appropriate; for example, Thomas Jefferson was quoted as saying, "Hamilton and myself were daily pitted in the cabinet like two cocks."
5002:
Emphasized forms are "sam sebya" - masculine, "sama sebya" - feminine, "sami sebya" - plural. However, the word "sam" usually comes after the noun it is emphasizing.
3214:(your car) both of which can be interpreted in less formal language as either nominative or accusative depending on context. Nonetheless, using the accusative ending 3229:
Relfexive pronouns in the nominative case exist but have no logical reflexive function. Rather they have an intensifying purpose and follow the subject (if given):
3133:
which behaves much like standard postpositions and case endings in Hungarian in that it can take the six personal suffixes to form the following personal pronouns:
689:
complain, concentrate, get up/hot/tired, lie down, meet, relax, remember, sit down, wake up, shave, undress, wash, acclimatise, adapt, behave, hide, move...
3373:(themselves) are used when addressing one or more people (respectively) in a formal context, whether written or spoken. Largely seen as interchangeable, 2216:) which is the possessive reflexive pronoun and both these pronouns are used with all the three, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd, persons. There is also the pronoun 265: 3950:
can further be bound locally or long distance where English reflexives must always occur locally. Although both English and Japanese pronouns must be
434:
about the identity of the object unless a distinction exists between the reflexive and the nonreflexive. In some languages, this distinction includes
5021:
This sentence underlines that the subject inflicted the wounds while in the previous example, "sebya" merely indicates that the subject was wounded.
7354: 2118:
French also uses reflexive verbs to express actions that somebody is doing to themselves. Many of these are related to daily routine. For example,
747:
to express reflexive relations, especially in the first and sometimes second persons, and especially for a recipient: for example, "I want to get
6565:
in English, to emphasize that the action of the verb is performed by the subject and not someone else. Take for example, the following exchange.
7309: 7189: 4011:
uses the ordinary oblique forms of the personal pronouns as reflexive pronouns. In the third person, Latin uses the special reflexive pronoun
4894:. The first way is by attaching the reflexive pronoun (me, te, se, nos - also vos) to the verb. The second way is by also attaching the words 2279:) meaning "of ourselves". The genitive reflexive pronoun can also be used to emphasise when used with the personal genitive pronouns, so e.g. 736:
would be more concise in such instances.) Within the linguistics literature, reflexives with discourse antecedents are often referred to as
7432: 7122: 3397:
are only used to express intensity and genuine reflexivity as laid out above, but are not used as non-reflexive formal/polite pronouns.
3417:
formal/polite pronouns conjugate for definite or indefinite objects as that verb's actual object requires. Compare the following:
994:
The antecedent can be reiterated before the reflexive pronoun; this can be used to refer to an antecedent that's not the subject:
96: 3756:
This pronoun allows the building of three kinds of reflexive verbal forms: proper, non-proper (or ostensible), and reciprocal.
258: 3174:
Thus formed, these reflexive pronouns are in the nominative (i.e. subject) case and can take any case ending or postposition:
445:
A reflexive pronoun is normally used when the object of a sentence is the same as the subject. Each personal pronoun (such as
68: 7376: 7338: 7158: 7106: 6940: 3564: 1957:
In Danish, there is also a difference between normal and reflexive genitives, the latter being used only in the singular:
805:, meaning "self". The antecedent it refers to can be inferred by context, which is generally the subject of the sentence: 75: 49: 699:
Non-reflexive use of reflexive pronouns is rather common in English. Most of the time, reflexive pronouns function as
438:
forms: see, for instance, the Danish examples below. In languages with a distinct reflexive pronoun form, it is often
8298: 7280: 7077: 7044: 7011: 6975: 6898: 6873: 6840: 6787: 5059:
There are certain stylistic differences between the three usages, despite being rendered in the same way in English.
420: 251: 131: 115: 7425: 3932:) are reflexive pronouns that correspond roughly to 'oneself'. They differ from English in some ways; for example, 82: 3300:(to sacrifice oneself). This can be combined with the reflexive pronouns above to express intensity or formality: 2351:). These reflexive pronouns can be used with case-marking postpositions as shown below in the table to the right. 344:
that obligatorily gets its meaning from another noun phrase in the sentence. Different languages have different
8267: 7329:
MAHMUDOV, NURMONOV, SOBIROV, NABIYEVA, MIRZAAHMEDOV, NIZOMIDDIN, ABDUHAMID, ABDULHAY, DILDORA, MIRODIL (2017).
3495:
as the formal pronoun is third person, but unlike true reflexives, it does not require a definite verb ending.
53: 64: 8085: 345: 4449:
It has been grammaticalized to a high degree, becoming also a marker of medial and/or anti-causative voice:
8077: 361: 7777: 7596: 7493: 7418: 3954:
by their antecedents, because of the syntactic structure of Japanese, long distance binding is allowed.
8293: 7463: 7400: 6550: 3778:(I wash myself): reflexive proper, because the subject is at the same time the object of the sentence. 8187: 7687: 6751: 6554: 6543: 203: 7999: 7508: 6709: 6692: 3449:
Here the verb has changed from the second person plural indefinite ending to the definite ending
657:
is the second person singular reflexive pronoun in French, but it can serve as an object pronoun)
357: 42: 7762: 6914:
Pollard, Carl & Ivan Sag (1992). "Anaphors in English and the Scope of the Binding Theory".
5110:("He dropped a bag on his (own) foot." Literally: "He dropped a bag to himself on the foot.") - 8133: 7960: 7869: 6865: 5440:. For clarity, there are optional intensifying adjuncts for reflexive pronouns, accompanied by 439: 333: 138: 89: 7130: 7069: 7036: 7003: 3988:
are used as reflexive pronouns that refer to 'myself', 'himself', 'herself', and 'ourselves'.
3206:
respectively. This is also the case with possessed nouns using the same personal endings e.g.
8204: 8095: 8090: 8067: 7889: 7884: 7879: 7859: 7854: 7849: 7829: 7622: 7458: 6832: 6826: 6721: 337: 187: 160: 7303: 7275:. Languages of the World/Materials; 148. Munich & Newcastle: Lincom Europa. p. 23. 7061: 7028: 6995: 6857: 8209: 8143: 7975: 7932: 7834: 7697: 7657: 7268: 6746: 4302: 394: 383: 287: 223: 4906:, masc/fem. (plural) (="self"), immediately after the verb to add stress/intensity : 3999:
is also a reflexive pronoun but it usually corresponds only to the first person (myself).
8: 7990: 7970: 7617: 6928: 6504: 4891: 4573:
Not using a reflexive pronoun might indicate the other party's possession of the object:
4194: 1890: 387: 7410: 7371:. Dixon, Robert Malcolm Ward., Blake, Barry J. Amsterdam: Benjamins. 1979. p. 122. 7333:. Tashkent: Ministry of Public Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan. pp. 26–27. 8156: 8123: 8049: 8034: 8019: 8009: 7922: 7917: 7907: 7702: 7632: 7627: 7394: 7348: 7183: 6687: 4058: 4053: 4048: 4037: 3668: 3582: 3541: 3531: 2189: 2067: 1882: 329: 322: 241: 227: 5465: 4966:
universally means "oneself"/"myself"/"himself", etc. It is inflected depending on the
4476:
gained an additional, volitional/liberative meaning, usually used in informal speech:
759:
in a conjunctive phrase when 'me' would suffice: "She stood by Jane and myself." Also
8113: 8014: 7937: 7802: 7747: 7717: 7677: 7382: 7372: 7334: 7286: 7276: 7154: 7102: 7073: 7062: 7040: 7029: 7007: 6996: 6971: 6894: 6869: 6858: 6836: 6783: 5086: 4973:
When used to indicate that the person is the direct object of the verb, one uses the
4306: 3905: 2833: 1990:, i.e. it reflects that the subject in the phrase (Anna) owns the object (the book). 1929: 1904: 777: 535: 199: 172: 153: 145: 8151: 8044: 8024: 7874: 7839: 7757: 7552: 7328: 6773: 6186: 5515: 5389: 5217:, which is the same for all persons, numbers and genders, and declined as follows: 4967: 4952: 4018: 3697: 3025: 700: 542: 398: 294: 176: 3536: 8059: 7980: 7942: 7927: 7807: 7797: 7712: 7707: 7647: 7513: 7483: 7294: 6742: 6714: 5046:, but in this context the affix indicates that the action happened accidentally: 4974: 4411: 3963: 3069: 2773: 2696: 2507: 2501: 2414: 2408: 2177: 2141: 2057: 402: 149: 8241: 8199: 8161: 8063: 7792: 7782: 7772: 7667: 7662: 7642: 7637: 7566: 7441: 7313: 7148: 6737: 6726: 6682: 6391: 6358: 6325: 6292: 6251: 6218: 6179: 6148: 6117: 6084: 6053: 6022: 5989: 5958: 5927: 5894: 5855: 5816: 5775: 5744: 5713: 5680: 5649: 5618: 5581: 5567: 5208: 5043: 744: 219: 6763:
Janic K, Puddu N, Haspelmath M (2023). Janic K, Puddu N, Haspelmath M (eds.).
3518:), or more formal language can be used to express formal second person usage ( 19:
Several terms like "myself" and "yourself" redirect here. For other uses, see
8287: 8166: 8118: 7985: 7965: 7844: 7742: 7692: 7672: 7652: 7386: 6697: 2981: 2937: 2893: 2877: 2729: 2229: 737: 435: 195: 7290: 6764: 4544:. It assumes the gender of the possessed object, not that of the possessor. 599:
Certain verbs have reflexive pronouns in some languages but not in English:
8255: 8229: 8219: 8192: 8054: 7787: 7752: 7727: 7682: 7503: 7298: 6778: 5446:(masculine and feminine forms for "self"). They are not strictly adjuncts: 2565: 2559: 2472: 2466: 516:, to emphasize the identity of whomever or whatever is being talked about: 180: 5062:
When the person is not a direct object of the verb, other cases are used:
5017:. ("He has wounded himself." Literally: "He himself has wounded himself.") 1245:
Like English, the reflexive can also be used to emphasize the antecedent:
7912: 7722: 7601: 7562: 7527: 7518: 5111: 3509:
Here the verb is conjugated with the third person plural definite ending
2817: 1914: 341: 4181: 8272: 8171: 8128: 8105: 8029: 7864: 7767: 7737: 7732: 7586: 7581: 7488: 7478: 7468: 6733: 5334:
The words that modify the reflexive pronoun do show gender and number:
4085: 4065: 4022: 3619: 3604: 3944:
do not have to agree in gender or number where English reflexives do.
3505:("they are washing themselves" or "you (pl.) are washing yourselves" ) 8262: 8224: 8004: 7821: 7576: 7522: 7498: 5589:
and, to create a person specific forms, it requires certain affixes:
4017:, which is the same for all genders and numbers, and declined in all 3951: 1999: 168: 2115:, similar in meaning (but not often used) to myself, yourself, etc. 31: 8251: 8246: 4420:
and it declines as above. It is used with 1st, 2nd and 3rd person:
4153: 4133: 4105: 4075: 4026: 3647: 3435:
indicating that the object of the verb is unclear or non-existent.
3288:(self) which is most commonly used as a prefix with the meaning of 236: 3491:
Here the verb also uses the third person plural indefinite ending
2192:, there are two primary reflexive pronouns, the reflexive pronoun 1983: 1934: 372: 8236: 7952: 7557: 7473: 4482:
Idę sobie ulicą, patrzę sobie, a tam leży sobie dziesięć złotych.
283: 2303:) "my very own". Alternatively, using the genitive postposition 2160:
mean the same thing although the former is nonstandard English.
541:
Usually after prepositions of locality it is preferred to use a
8214: 7899: 7591: 7571: 4298: 4119: 4041: 3633: 3586: 3545: 538:
usually appear near and/or before the subject of the sentence.
6398:
Basically, the suffixes change based on the preposition used:
3431:
Here the verb uses the second person plural indefinite ending
3186:(himself/herself (acc.)). However the accusative case marking 6941:"Grammar in early modern English - Oxford English Dictionary" 4008: 3467:
Here the verb uses the third person plural indefinite ending
1339:
The reflexive can also be the subject of an embedded clause.
6913: 7537: 7450: 3381:
are less common and perceived as somewhat more formal than
3121:
Hungarian has two primary means of expressing reflexivity.
1903:), also follows the same rules. This was also the case in 401:, moving citations closer to the claims they support, and 7440: 7053: 4830:
Emphatically the accusative can be replaced with dative:
3798:
The complete list of intensifying reflexive pronouns is:
1938:
for third person pronouns, and 'selv' to mark intensive.
743:
It is common in some dialects of English to use standard
351: 6529:
etc. depending on the number/gender of its antecedent.
3284:
The second reflexive mechanism in Hungarian is the word
2255:) meaning "among ourselves" or the genitive postpostion 2079:
There are also intensifying reflexive pronouns, such as
5179:- It is ambiguous in English, but less so in Russian.) 4503:
has been lexicalized and means "to leave" (cf. French
3795:, stressing the reflexiveness much more than English. 3349:, above, but the sense is more formal than intensive. 348:
for reflexive pronouns, according to their structure.
7086: 6893:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 476–477. 6824: 6762: 5374: 5366: 5338: 5317: 5301: 5290: 5278: 5258: 5246: 5234: 5212: 5140:. ("He dropped a bag on his (someone else's) foot.") 3268:(one's own) is added before the reflexive pronoun: 5085:. ("He brought a bottle of vodka with himself.") - 4890:There are two ways to make a reflexive sentence in 3096: 3082: 3052: 3038: 3008: 2994: 2964: 2950: 2920: 2906: 2860: 2846: 2800: 2786: 2756: 2742: 2712: 2646: 2632: 2618: 2604: 2583: 2548: 2534: 2520: 2454: 2440: 2427: 2346: 2334: 2322: 2310: 2298: 2286: 2274: 2262: 2250: 2238: 2223: 2211: 2199: 305:, and refer to a previously named noun or pronoun ( 56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 6864:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.  766: 7020: 6989: 6987: 1908: 1898: 694: 8285: 7123:"German Grammar: Reflexive Pronouns & Verbs" 6766:Reflexive constructions in the world's languages 6533: 6508: 4910: 4901: 4895: 4873: 4857: 4847:(masc.) "I did it myself", "I did it personally" 4279: 4267: 4256: 4245: 4238: 4231: 4224: 545:object pronoun rather than a reflexive pronoun: 6825:Martinet and Thomson, Agnes and Audrey (1986). 6634: 4527:Polish also has a possessive reflexive pronoun 3675: 3652: 3638: 3624: 3609: 3568: 3556: 2038: 2026: 2009: 2003: 7153:(2003 ed.). McGraw-Hill. pp. 79–80. 7146: 6984: 6745:, a franchise line for young girls similar to 6578: 5502:Note that the indirect object "le"/"les" does 4937: 4929: 3945: 3939: 3933: 3927: 3921: 3915: 3909: 297:specifically, a reflexive pronoun will end in 7426: 6993: 5541: 5522: 5487: 5475: 5469: 5459: 5453: 5447: 5441: 5435: 5429: 5423: 5417: 5405: 5393: 5362:, has been grammaticalized to a high degree: 5194: 5188: 5170: 5165: 5153: 5148: 5131: 5121: 5101: 5091: 5076: 5066: 5050: 5037: 5031: 5025: 5012: 5006: 4993: 4987: 4978: 4961: 4956: 4591:The intensive meaning is done by the pronoun 3890: 3882: 3874: 3866: 3858: 3850: 3842: 3834: 3826: 3818: 3810: 3802: 3787: 3770: 3760: 3744: 3736: 3728: 3720: 3712: 3704: 259: 7353:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 6965: 6831:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp.  5358:The enclitic form of the reflexive pronoun, 5144:Russian has a reflexive possessive as well. 4842: 4834: 4821: 4813: 4804: 4793: 4786: 4779: 4767: 4760: 4753: 4741: 4734: 4727: 4720: 4713: 4701: 4694: 4687: 4675: 4668: 4661: 4646: 4636: 4626: 4616: 4606: 4592: 4577: 4564: 4556: 4548: 4528: 4513: 4504: 4498: 4493:"I'm a kindergartner" (from children's song) 4488: 4480: 4471: 4461: 4453: 4440: 4432: 4424: 4415: 4400: 4388: 4370: 4358: 4346: 4313: 3994: 3989: 3983: 3978: 3972: 3967: 2171: 2165: 2122: 2110: 2104: 2098: 2092: 2086: 2080: 2071: 2061: 1971: 1961: 1942: 755:It is also common in informal speech to use 671: 660: 645: 286:that refers to another noun or pronoun (its 7059: 7026: 6482: 6466: 6450: 6434: 6418: 6402: 6381: 6375: 6369: 6348: 6342: 6336: 6315: 6309: 6303: 6282: 6276: 6270: 6241: 6235: 6229: 6208: 6202: 6196: 6169: 6163: 6157: 6138: 6132: 6126: 6107: 6101: 6095: 6074: 6068: 6062: 6043: 6037: 6031: 6012: 6006: 6000: 5979: 5973: 5967: 5948: 5942: 5936: 5917: 5911: 5905: 5884: 5878: 5872: 5845: 5839: 5833: 5806: 5800: 5794: 5765: 5759: 5753: 5734: 5728: 5722: 5703: 5697: 5691: 5670: 5664: 5658: 5639: 5633: 5627: 5608: 5602: 5596: 5571: 5379:lit. "We turned ourselves over" ("We fell") 4839:(masc.) "I did it myself", "I did it alone" 4158: 4138: 4124: 4110: 4090: 4012: 3296:(suicide victim, lit. "self-murderer") and 3090: 3076: 3046: 3032: 3002: 2988: 2958: 2944: 2914: 2900: 2854: 2840: 2794: 2780: 2750: 2736: 2706: 2640: 2626: 2612: 2598: 2577: 2542: 2528: 2514: 2448: 2434: 2421: 2340: 2328: 2316: 2304: 2292: 2280: 2268: 2256: 2244: 2232: 2217: 2205: 2193: 360:, the reflexive pronoun has its origins in 7433: 7419: 7263: 7261: 7259: 7188:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 7099:ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese 7092: 4597:(inflecting for case, gender and number): 4466:"We fell", lit. "We turned ourselves over" 3365:(himself/herself) and the plural pronouns 3226:) is still considered formal and correct. 2014:for the possessive (to which can be added 336:that must be bound by its antecedent (see 266: 252: 7247: 7232: 7217: 7202: 7173: 7027:Matthews, Stephen; Yip, Virginia (1994). 6777: 5371:lit. "Door opened itself" ("Door opened") 421:Learn how and when to remove this message 325:, used for emphasis, take the same form. 116:Learn how and when to remove this message 7369:Handbook of Australian languages. Vol. 1 7147:Snell, Rupert; Weightman, Simon (1989). 7142: 7140: 5199:. ("He has wounded him (someone else).") 4983:. (It does not have a nominative form.) 4553:"He took his (own) things and went out." 4458:"Door opened", lit. "Door opened itself" 4157: 4137: 4123: 4109: 4089: 4079: 4069: 3651: 3637: 3623: 3608: 3129:The most common is by means of the stem 708:do the job?", "Why don't you do the job 7256: 6994:Yip, Po-Ching; Rimmington, Don (2004). 6888: 6855: 6653: 6638: 6608: 6597: 6586: 4569:"Anna gave her (Anna's) book to Cathy." 3786:could also be translated in Italian as 3530:There is only one reflexive pronoun in 3275:(he's making trouble for his own self). 8286: 7267: 6970:. United States: Viking. p. 123. 6809: 3522:lit. "it pleases to wash oneselves"). 716:; I will not fix your watch as well." 352:Origins and usage of Reflexive Pronoun 7414: 7324: 7322: 7137: 6582: 6390: 6357: 6324: 6291: 6250: 6217: 6178: 6147: 6116: 6083: 6052: 6021: 5988: 5957: 5926: 5893: 5854: 5815: 5774: 5743: 5712: 5679: 5648: 5617: 5580: 5480:—they usually postpend the genitive. 5055:(He has wounded himself by accident.) 2541: 2420: 2360: 7064:Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar 3667:The reflexive pronoun refers to the 3551:The reflexive pronouns are as such: 2033:He reads his (someone else's) books. 1932:uses the separate reflexive pronoun 366: 54:adding citations to reliable sources 25: 6642: 5177:He loves his wife (someone else's). 5024:In addition, the reflexive pronoun 3561:(himself/itself/herself/themselves) 3445:(you (pl.) are washing yourselves ) 2131:(I get washed, lit "I wash myself") 13: 7319: 7252:. Moscow: Unknown. pp. 82–83. 7031:Cantonese: A Comprehensive Grammar 6772:. Berlin: Language Science Press. 6757: 6542: 5422:(third person). In Latin America, 4518:"This party's boring, I'm leaving" 4414:the oblique reflexive pronouns is 3823:(second person masculine singular) 3453:to indicate the reflexive object. 3352: 3345:can also be used in the manner of 2459:) — "by oneself", "automatically" 2002:third-person reflexive pronoun is 14: 8310: 6812:Syntax: A Generative Introduction 5203: 4007:In the first and second persons, 3839:(third person masculine singular) 3831:(second person feminine singular) 3807:(first person masculine singular) 6998:Chinese: A Comprehensive Grammar 5518:has reflexive pronouns as well: 5506:override "se" in the reflexive. 5404:(first person singular/plural), 3871:(second person masculine plural) 3847:(third person feminine singular) 3815:(first person feminine singular) 2267:) forming the reflexing pronoun 2243:) forming the reflexive pronoun 2228:) which is used with either the 2060:, the main reflexive pronoun is 512:These pronouns can also be used 371: 235: 30: 7361: 7241: 7237:. Moscow: Unknown. p. 175. 7226: 7222:. Moscow: Unknown. p. 121. 7211: 7196: 7167: 7115: 7101:. University of Hawai'i Press. 5428:is not used, being replaced by 4566:Anna oddała Kasi swoją książkę. 4561:"He looked at his (own) phone." 4490:Jestem sobie przedszkolaczek... 3887:(third person masculine plural) 3879:(second person feminine plural) 3855:(first person masculine plural) 3683:.(masc. sing.) (He talks about 3259:(I myself am also of this mind) 1909: 1899: 767:In languages other than English 712:?", or "I want to fix my phone 340:). In a general sense, it is a 41:needs additional citations for 7207:. Moscow: Unknown. p. 98. 7060:Pulleyblank, Edwin G. (1995). 6959: 6933: 6922: 6907: 6882: 6849: 6818: 6803: 5392:, the reflexive pronouns are: 5132: 5102: 5077: 5030:gave rise the reflexive affix 4550:Zabrał swoje rzeczy i wyszedł. 4288:(Ana gave her book to Maria.) 4276:(Ana gave her book to Maria.) 3895:(third person feminine plural) 3863:(first person feminine plural) 3250:(the dog himself dug the hole) 2204:) meaning "self" and pronoun 695:Non-reflexive usage in English 461:) has its own reflexive form: 1: 6796: 6498: 5483:Example with "wash oneself": 4998:. ("He has wounded himself.") 4851: 4522: 4188: 3540:. It does not differ between 2183: 2152:have different meanings, but 1873:likes you more than he likes 1664:likes you more than he likes 7093:Schuessler, Axel (2007). "jǐ 6443:(This refrigerator defrosts 5160:He loves his wife (his own). 4942:Accusative: himself, herself 4586: 4582:"Anna returned Cathy's book" 4579:Anna oddała Kasi jej książkę 4515:Nudna ta impreza, idę sobie. 3565:reflexive possessive pronoun 3525: 3116: 1993: 1988:reflexive possessive pronoun 1978:(Anna gave Maria her book.) 1968:(Anna gave Maria her book.) 560:He was pulling a small cart 332:, a reflexive pronoun is an 290:) within the same sentence. 7: 6929:Old English#Charter of Cnut 6828:A Practical English Grammar 6671: 6617:1SG.GEN.ABS dog.ABS hit-IMP 6507:, the reflexive pronoun is 5211:uses the reflexive pronoun 5195: 5171: 5154: 5032: 5026: 5013: 4994: 4979: 4962: 4923: 4818:(fem.) "I listen to myself" 3990: 3979: 3968: 3946: 3940: 3934: 3922: 3910: 3899: 3662: 3611:(hann/hún/það/þeir/þær/þau) 3097: 3083: 3053: 3039: 3009: 2995: 2965: 2951: 2921: 2907: 2861: 2847: 2801: 2787: 2757: 2743: 2713: 2647: 2633: 2619: 2605: 2584: 2549: 2535: 2521: 2455: 2441: 2428: 2347: 2335: 2323: 2311: 2299: 2287: 2275: 2263: 2251: 2239: 2224: 2212: 2200: 2176:(I hurt myself.) See also 2094:lui-même/elle-même/soi-même 780:, the reflexive pronoun is 403:removing original synthesis 10: 8315: 8268:Syntax–semantics interface 6676: 5509: 5468:region, it is replaced by 5383: 4946: 4327: 4255:An alternative full form, 4192: 4174: 3696:The reflexive pronouns in 3691: 3400:Grammatically, when using 1964:Anna gav Maria hendes bog. 1897:(and thus also written as 771: 502:they — themself/themselves 210:Reflexives and reciprocals 20: 18: 8180: 8142: 8104: 8076: 7951: 7898: 7820: 7610: 7545: 7536: 7449: 7250:Морфология простым языком 7248:Naumanova, Irina (2014). 7235:Морфология простым языком 7233:Naumanova, Irina (2014). 7220:Морфология простым языком 7218:Naumanova, Irina (2014). 7205:Морфология простым языком 7203:Naumanova, Irina (2014). 7176:Морфология простым языком 7174:Naumanova, Irina (2014). 7127:class.georgiasouthern.edu 6483: 6467: 6451: 6435: 6419: 6403: 6277: 5406: 5394: 5354:"He wondered at himself." 5339: 5318: 5302: 5189: 5166: 5149: 5122: 5092: 5067: 5051: 5038: 5007: 4988: 4957: 4911: 4874: 4858: 4826:(fem.) "I believe myself" 4792: 4778: 4766: 4752: 4700: 4686: 4674: 4660: 4647: 4637: 4627: 4617: 4607: 4558:Spojrzał na swój telefon. 4529: 4371: 4322: 4292: 4280: 4268: 4257: 4246: 4239: 4232: 4225: 4204: 4201: 4159: 4139: 4091: 4036: 4034: 3995: 3984: 3973: 3957: 3928: 3916: 3788: 3782:Notice that the sentence 3771: 3761: 3676: 3581: 3579: 3273:saját magának okoz gondot 3182:(in front of ourselves), 3091: 3077: 3047: 3033: 3003: 2989: 2959: 2945: 2915: 2901: 2855: 2853: 2841: 2839: 2795: 2793: 2781: 2779: 2751: 2737: 2707: 2641: 2627: 2613: 2599: 2578: 2576: 2557: 2543: 2529: 2515: 2499: 2492: 2464: 2449: 2435: 2422: 2406: 2399: 2392: 2387: 2341: 2329: 2317: 2305: 2293: 2281: 2269: 2257: 2245: 2233: 2218: 2206: 2194: 2135: 2123: 2051: 2045:He reads his (own) books. 2039: 2027: 2018:for plural agreement and 1972: 1962: 1945:Jeg beskytter mig (selv). 1943: 1924: 1881:The reflexive pronoun in 672: 661: 646: 531:bought a book (intensive) 497:you — yourself/yourselves 8299:Transitivity and valency 7688:Exceptional case-marking 6856:Hewings, Martin (1999). 6752:Himself (disambiguation) 6720:, the twelfth single by 6703: 5561: 4934:Dative: himself, herself 4263:, is used for emphasis. 4002: 3717:(second person singular) 3487:(you (pl.) are washing ) 3427:(you (pl.) are washing ) 684:The list of such verbs: 607:on Sundays? (NOT Do you 471:thou — thyself/thyselves 132:Transitivity and valency 6860:Advanced Grammar in Use 6810:Carnie, Andrew (2013). 6710:Myself (disambiguation) 6693:Reciprocal construction 6535:Thằng John tự đánh mình 5162:- Reflexive possessive) 4314: 3725:(third person singular) 3709:(first person singular) 3124: 2040:Li legas siajn librojn. 2028:Li legas liajn librojn. 1974:Anna gav Maria sin bog. 358:Indo-European languages 7494:Initial-stress-derived 7399:: CS1 maint: others ( 7178:. Moscow. p. 111. 7035:. Routledge. pp.  7002:. Routledge. pp.  6889:Michael, Swan (2005). 6779:10.5281/zenodo.7861660 6614:Ngadhu gudaa gunda-la! 6561:on pronouns—much like 6534: 6509: 6420:Biz futbol o'ynayotib 6382: 6376: 6370: 6349: 6343: 6337: 6316: 6310: 6304: 6283: 6271: 6242: 6236: 6230: 6209: 6203: 6197: 6170: 6164: 6158: 6139: 6133: 6127: 6108: 6102: 6096: 6075: 6069: 6063: 6044: 6038: 6032: 6013: 6007: 6001: 5980: 5974: 5968: 5949: 5943: 5937: 5918: 5912: 5906: 5885: 5879: 5873: 5846: 5840: 5834: 5807: 5801: 5795: 5766: 5760: 5754: 5735: 5729: 5723: 5704: 5698: 5692: 5671: 5665: 5659: 5640: 5634: 5628: 5609: 5603: 5597: 5572: 5542: 5523: 5488: 5476: 5470: 5460: 5454: 5448: 5442: 5436: 5430: 5424: 5418: 5375: 5367: 5291: 5279: 5259: 5247: 5235: 5213: 5155:On lyubit svoyu zhenu. 4938: 4930: 4902: 4896: 4843: 4835: 4822: 4814: 4809:is added in obliques: 4805: 4794: 4787: 4780: 4768: 4761: 4754: 4742: 4735: 4728: 4721: 4714: 4702: 4695: 4688: 4676: 4669: 4662: 4593: 4578: 4565: 4557: 4549: 4514: 4505: 4499: 4489: 4481: 4472: 4470:Similarly, the dative 4462: 4454: 4445:"Peter washes himself" 4441: 4433: 4425: 4416: 4401: 4389: 4359: 4347: 4125: 4111: 4013: 3891: 3883: 3875: 3867: 3859: 3851: 3843: 3835: 3827: 3819: 3811: 3803: 3745: 3741:(second person plural) 3737: 3729: 3721: 3713: 3705: 3653: 3639: 3625: 3610: 3569: 3557: 2339:) meaning the same as 2172: 2166: 2111: 2105: 2099: 2093: 2087: 2081: 2072: 2062: 2010: 2004: 650:-tu le dimanche ? 242:Linguistics portal 8005:Inclusive / Exclusive 7133:on November 17, 2011. 7068:. UBC Press. p.  6966:Lynne Cheney (2020). 6551:Pama–Nyungan language 6513:whose meaning can be 5368:Vrata su se otvorila. 4884:When he sees himself. 4497:Moreover, the phrase 3749:(third person plural) 3733:(first person plural) 3534:and that is the word 3520:magukat tetszik mosni 3389:. The combined forms 3279: 3198:(yourself) remaining 2112:eux-mêmes/elles-mêmes 399:verifying its sources 388:text–source integrity 7150:Teach Yourself Hindi 6968:The Virginia Dynasty 6747:Strawberry Shortcake 6659:Nyundu-ugu gunda-la! 6180:[ɜzɪlʌrɪdʌn] 6085:[ɜzɪngɪzdʌn] 5172:On lyubit yego zhenu 5014:On sam poranil sebya 4931:sieşi, sie, îşi, şi- 4916:magoei. / Magoei-me. 4815:Słucham siebie samej 4303:constructed language 3190:is often omitted in 2869:using, by, with self 2230:inessive case-marker 2022:for direct object). 1982:In the latter case, 1907:, which simply used 728:today?". (Note that 724:, Anything else for 620:concentrate yourself 395:improve this article 224:Reciprocal (grammar) 50:improve this article 7885:Relative subsective 7778:Regular / Irregular 7623:Andative / Venitive 7459:Abstract / Concrete 6662:2SG.NOM-REF hit-IMP 6538:(John hit himself.) 6149:[ɜzɪlʌrɪgʌ] 6054:[ɜzɪngɪzgʌ] 6023:[ɜzɪngɪznɪ] 5990:[ɜzɪmɪzdʌn] 5543:Ana je dala Mariji 5524:Ana je dala Mariji 5416:(second person) or 5319:Ana je dala Mariji 5303:Ana je dala Mariji 5150:Он любит свою жену. 5042:) used to generate 5008:Он сам поранил себя 4455:Drzwi się otworzyły 4437:"You wash yourself" 4195:Macedonian pronouns 3614:("he/she/it/they") 3573:(his/her/its/their) 3555:Reflexive pronoun: 3463:(they are washing ) 3240:(He himself did it) 2170:(to hurt oneself): 641:Compare to French: 587:She's very pleased 566:... behind himself. 555:... after yourself. 362:Proto-Indo-European 65:"Reflexive pronoun" 7444:and their features 7442:Lexical categories 6916:Linguistic Inquiry 6891:Swan third edition 6814:. Wiley-Blackwell. 6688:Reciprocal pronoun 6487:ehtiyot qilinglar. 6408:mashina sotiboldi. 6118:[ɜzlʌrɪnɪ] 5959:[ɜzɪmɪzgʌ] 5928:[ɜzɪmɪznɪ] 5776:[ɜzɪngdʌn] 5167:Он любит его жену. 4844:Zrobiłem to samemu 4823:Wierzę sobie samej 4803:Usually inflected 4463:Przewróciliśmy się 4305:, mostly based on 3440:(ti) magatokat mos 2362:Reflexive Pronouns 536:Intensive pronouns 524:a book (reflexive) 330:generative grammar 323:intensive pronouns 228:Reciprocal pronoun 204:Impersonal passive 8294:Personal pronouns 8281: 8280: 8086:Casally modulated 7991:Formal / Informal 7880:Pure intersective 7830:Anti-intersective 7816: 7815: 7763:Preterite-present 7378:978-90-272-7355-0 7340:978-9943-04-324-4 7331:Ona Tili - 7-SINF 7160:978-0-07-142012-9 7108:978-0-8248-2975-9 6431:playing football) 6359:[ɜzɪngɪz] 5714:[ɜzɪngnɪ] 5681:[ɜzɪmdʌn] 5376:Prevrnuli smo se. 5298: 5297: 5087:instrumental case 4868:When he sees him. 4801: 4800: 4408: 4407: 4307:Romance languages 4253: 4252: 4172: 4171: 3906:Japanese language 3660: 3659: 3516:ők magukat mossák 3319:(himself/herself) 3152:(himself/herself) 3114: 3113: 3110: 3109: 2655: 2654: 2291:) "mine" becomes 1905:Classical Chinese 1883:Cantonese Chinese 701:emphatic pronouns 571:She took her dog 431: 430: 423: 384:bundled citations 321:, etc.). English 280:reflexive pronoun 276: 275: 216:Reflexive pronoun 154:Ditransitive verb 146:Intransitive verb 126: 125: 118: 100: 16:Anaphoric pronoun 8306: 7860:Non-intersective 7543: 7542: 7435: 7428: 7421: 7412: 7411: 7405: 7404: 7398: 7390: 7365: 7359: 7358: 7352: 7344: 7326: 7317: 7308: 7306: 7269:Kordić, Snježana 7265: 7254: 7253: 7245: 7239: 7238: 7230: 7224: 7223: 7215: 7209: 7208: 7200: 7194: 7193: 7187: 7179: 7171: 7165: 7164: 7144: 7135: 7134: 7129:. Archived from 7119: 7113: 7112: 7090: 7084: 7083: 7067: 7057: 7051: 7050: 7034: 7024: 7018: 7017: 7001: 6991: 6982: 6981: 6963: 6957: 6956: 6954: 6952: 6947:. 16 August 2012 6937: 6931: 6926: 6920: 6919: 6911: 6905: 6904: 6886: 6880: 6879: 6863: 6853: 6847: 6846: 6822: 6816: 6815: 6807: 6793: 6781: 6771: 6665:Hit it yourself! 6655: 6644: 6640: 6636: 6610: 6599: 6588: 6584: 6580: 6557:uses the suffix 6537: 6512: 6489: 6488: 6474: 6473: 6458: 6457: 6442: 6441: 6426: 6425: 6410: 6409: 6394: 6392:[ɜzlʌrɪ] 6389: 6385: 6379: 6373: 6361: 6356: 6352: 6346: 6340: 6328: 6326:[ɜzɪmɪz] 6323: 6319: 6313: 6307: 6295: 6290: 6286: 6280: 6279: 6274: 6254: 6249: 6245: 6239: 6233: 6221: 6216: 6212: 6206: 6200: 6187:Emphatic-pronoun 6182: 6177: 6173: 6167: 6161: 6151: 6146: 6142: 6136: 6130: 6120: 6115: 6111: 6105: 6099: 6087: 6082: 6078: 6072: 6066: 6056: 6051: 6047: 6041: 6035: 6025: 6020: 6016: 6010: 6004: 5992: 5987: 5983: 5977: 5971: 5961: 5956: 5952: 5946: 5940: 5930: 5925: 5921: 5915: 5909: 5897: 5895:[ɜzɪdʌn] 5892: 5888: 5882: 5876: 5858: 5853: 5849: 5843: 5837: 5819: 5814: 5810: 5804: 5798: 5778: 5773: 5769: 5763: 5757: 5747: 5745:[ɜzɪngʌ] 5742: 5738: 5732: 5726: 5716: 5711: 5707: 5701: 5695: 5683: 5678: 5674: 5668: 5662: 5652: 5650:[ɜzɪmgʌ] 5647: 5643: 5637: 5631: 5621: 5619:[ɜzɪmnɪ] 5616: 5612: 5606: 5600: 5584: 5579: 5575: 5549: 5530: 5516:Slovene language 5497:(I wash myself.) 5495: 5479: 5473: 5463: 5457: 5451: 5445: 5439: 5434:for the pronoun 5433: 5427: 5421: 5415: 5414: 5403: 5402: 5378: 5370: 5353: 5352: 5330:book to Maria.") 5325: 5324: 5314:book to Maria.") 5309: 5308: 5294: 5282: 5262: 5250: 5238: 5220: 5219: 5216: 5198: 5192: 5191: 5174: 5169: 5168: 5157: 5152: 5151: 5139: 5138: 5133:On uronil sumku 5129: 5128: 5123:Он уронил сумку 5109: 5108: 5103:On uronil sumku 5099: 5098: 5093:Он уронил сумку 5084: 5083: 5074: 5073: 5054: 5053: 5041: 5040: 5035: 5029: 5016: 5010: 5009: 4997: 4995:On poranil sebya 4991: 4990: 4982: 4965: 4960: 4959: 4941: 4933: 4919:(I hurt myself.) 4918: 4917: 4905: 4899: 4881: 4880: 4865: 4864: 4846: 4838: 4825: 4817: 4808: 4797: 4790: 4783: 4771: 4764: 4757: 4745: 4738: 4731: 4724: 4717: 4705: 4698: 4691: 4679: 4672: 4665: 4653: 4652: 4643: 4642: 4633: 4632: 4623: 4622: 4613: 4612: 4600: 4599: 4596: 4581: 4568: 4560: 4552: 4543: 4542: 4517: 4508: 4502: 4492: 4484: 4475: 4465: 4457: 4444: 4436: 4428: 4419: 4404: 4392: 4380: 4379: 4362: 4350: 4332: 4331: 4317: 4287: 4286: 4285:книга на Марија. 4275: 4274: 4273:книга на Марија. 4262: 4261: 4249: 4248: 4242: 4241: 4235: 4234: 4228: 4227: 4199: 4198: 4168: 4167: 4148: 4147: 4128: 4114: 4100: 4099: 4032: 4031: 4016: 3998: 3997: 3993: 3987: 3986: 3982: 3976: 3975: 3971: 3949: 3943: 3937: 3931: 3930: 3925: 3919: 3918: 3913: 3894: 3886: 3878: 3870: 3862: 3854: 3846: 3838: 3830: 3822: 3814: 3806: 3794: 3793: 3777: 3776: 3768: 3767: 3748: 3740: 3732: 3724: 3716: 3708: 3682: 3681: 3656: 3642: 3628: 3613: 3577: 3576: 3572: 3560: 3257:is így gondoltam 3210:(my house), and 3100: 3094: 3093: 3086: 3080: 3079: 3061:until, till self 3056: 3050: 3049: 3042: 3036: 3035: 3012: 3006: 3005: 2998: 2992: 2991: 2968: 2962: 2961: 2954: 2948: 2947: 2924: 2918: 2917: 2910: 2904: 2903: 2864: 2858: 2857: 2850: 2844: 2843: 2804: 2798: 2797: 2790: 2784: 2783: 2760: 2754: 2753: 2746: 2740: 2739: 2716: 2710: 2709: 2659: 2658: 2650: 2644: 2643: 2636: 2630: 2629: 2622: 2616: 2615: 2608: 2602: 2601: 2587: 2581: 2580: 2552: 2546: 2545: 2538: 2532: 2531: 2524: 2518: 2517: 2458: 2452: 2451: 2445:) — "oneselves" 2444: 2438: 2437: 2431: 2425: 2424: 2358: 2357: 2354: 2353: 2350: 2344: 2343: 2338: 2332: 2331: 2326: 2320: 2319: 2314: 2308: 2307: 2302: 2296: 2295: 2290: 2284: 2283: 2278: 2272: 2271: 2266: 2260: 2259: 2254: 2248: 2247: 2242: 2236: 2235: 2227: 2221: 2220: 2215: 2209: 2208: 2203: 2197: 2196: 2175: 2173:Ich tue mir weh. 2169: 2130: 2129: 2114: 2108: 2102: 2096: 2090: 2084: 2075: 2065: 2042: 2041: 2030: 2029: 2013: 2007: 1977: 1976: 1967: 1966: 1951:I protect myself 1948: 1947: 1912: 1911: 1902: 1901: 1868: 1854: 1840: 1826: 1814: 1802: 1790: 1778: 1766: 1754: 1742: 1730: 1718: 1706: 1694: 1682: 1659: 1645: 1631: 1619: 1607: 1595: 1583: 1571: 1559: 1547: 1533: 1519: 1505: 1493: 1481: 1461:is very clever.) 1444: 1432: 1420: 1408: 1394: 1380: 1368: 1356: 1326: 1314: 1302: 1290: 1276: 1262: 1236: 1224: 1210: 1196: 1182: 1168: 1156: 1144: 1132: 1113: 1101: 1087: 1073: 1059: 1045: 1033: 1021: 1009: 986:ll take care of 981: 969: 955: 941: 929: 917: 905: 893: 872: 858: 844: 832: 820: 804: 792: 778:Mandarin Chinese 679: 678: 668: 667: 652: 651: 426: 419: 415: 412: 406: 397:this article by 375: 367: 295:English language 268: 261: 254: 240: 239: 128: 127: 121: 114: 110: 107: 101: 99: 58: 34: 26: 8314: 8313: 8309: 8308: 8307: 8305: 8304: 8303: 8284: 8283: 8282: 8277: 8176: 8138: 8100: 8072: 8000:Gender-specific 7947: 7894: 7812: 7698:Germanic strong 7606: 7532: 7445: 7439: 7409: 7408: 7392: 7391: 7379: 7367: 7366: 7362: 7346: 7345: 7341: 7327: 7320: 7302: 7283: 7266: 7257: 7246: 7242: 7231: 7227: 7216: 7212: 7201: 7197: 7181: 7180: 7172: 7168: 7161: 7145: 7138: 7121: 7120: 7116: 7109: 7096: 7091: 7087: 7080: 7058: 7054: 7047: 7025: 7021: 7014: 6992: 6985: 6978: 6964: 6960: 6950: 6948: 6939: 6938: 6934: 6927: 6923: 6912: 6908: 6901: 6887: 6883: 6876: 6854: 6850: 6843: 6823: 6819: 6808: 6804: 6799: 6790: 6769: 6760: 6758:Further reading 6743:Herself the Elf 6706: 6679: 6674: 6667: 6657: 6646: 6622: 6612: 6601: 6590: 6555:Guugu Yimithirr 6547: 6544:Guugu Yimithirr 6501: 6387: 6354: 6321: 6288: 6252:[ɜzɪng] 6247: 6214: 6175: 6144: 6113: 6080: 6049: 6018: 5985: 5954: 5923: 5890: 5856:[ɜzɪgʌ] 5851: 5817:[ɜzɪnɪ] 5812: 5771: 5740: 5709: 5676: 5645: 5614: 5577: 5564: 5512: 5466:Río de la Plata 5386: 5206: 5044:reflexive verbs 4989:Он поранил себя 4949: 4939:pe sine, se, s- 4926: 4854: 4836:Zrobiłem to sam 4589: 4525: 4429:"I wash myself" 4330: 4325: 4295: 4197: 4191: 4177: 4005: 3960: 3902: 3694: 3665: 3528: 3355: 3353:Formal Pronouns 3282: 3127: 3119: 2186: 2178:German pronouns 2138: 2054: 1996: 1986:is a case of a 1927: 1855: 1841: 1827: 1815: 1803: 1791: 1779: 1767: 1755: 1743: 1731: 1719: 1707: 1695: 1683: 1671: 1646: 1632: 1620: 1608: 1596: 1584: 1572: 1560: 1548: 1534: 1520: 1506: 1494: 1482: 1470: 1433: 1421: 1409: 1395: 1381: 1369: 1357: 1343: 1315: 1303: 1291: 1277: 1263: 1249: 1225: 1211: 1197: 1183: 1169: 1157: 1145: 1133: 1121: 1102: 1088: 1074: 1060: 1046: 1034: 1022: 1010: 998: 970: 956: 942: 930: 918: 906: 894: 880: 873:。(Take care of 859: 845: 833: 821: 809: 793: 781: 774: 769: 745:object pronouns 697: 683: 549:Close the door 427: 416: 410: 407: 392: 376: 354: 346:binding domains 272: 234: 226: 222: 218: 202: 198: 179: 175: 171: 152: 150:Transitive verb 148: 122: 111: 105: 102: 59: 57: 47: 35: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 8312: 8302: 8301: 8296: 8279: 8278: 8276: 8275: 8270: 8265: 8260: 8259: 8258: 8244: 8242:Procedure word 8239: 8234: 8233: 8232: 8227: 8217: 8212: 8207: 8202: 8200:Complementizer 8197: 8196: 8195: 8184: 8182: 8178: 8177: 8175: 8174: 8169: 8164: 8159: 8154: 8148: 8146: 8140: 8139: 8137: 8136: 8131: 8126: 8121: 8116: 8110: 8108: 8102: 8101: 8099: 8098: 8093: 8088: 8082: 8080: 8074: 8073: 8071: 8070: 8057: 8052: 8047: 8042: 8037: 8032: 8027: 8022: 8017: 8012: 8007: 8002: 7996:Gender-neutral 7993: 7988: 7983: 7978: 7973: 7968: 7963: 7961:Bound variable 7957: 7955: 7949: 7948: 7946: 7945: 7940: 7935: 7930: 7925: 7920: 7915: 7910: 7904: 7902: 7896: 7895: 7893: 7892: 7887: 7882: 7877: 7872: 7867: 7862: 7857: 7852: 7847: 7842: 7837: 7832: 7826: 7824: 7818: 7817: 7814: 7813: 7811: 7810: 7805: 7800: 7795: 7790: 7785: 7780: 7775: 7770: 7765: 7760: 7755: 7750: 7745: 7740: 7735: 7730: 7725: 7720: 7715: 7710: 7705: 7700: 7695: 7690: 7685: 7680: 7675: 7670: 7665: 7660: 7655: 7650: 7645: 7640: 7635: 7630: 7625: 7620: 7618:Ambitransitive 7614: 7612: 7608: 7607: 7605: 7604: 7599: 7594: 7589: 7584: 7579: 7574: 7569: 7560: 7555: 7549: 7547: 7540: 7534: 7533: 7531: 7530: 7525: 7516: 7511: 7506: 7501: 7496: 7491: 7486: 7481: 7476: 7471: 7466: 7461: 7455: 7453: 7447: 7446: 7438: 7437: 7430: 7423: 7415: 7407: 7406: 7377: 7360: 7339: 7318: 7281: 7273:Serbo-Croatian 7255: 7240: 7225: 7210: 7195: 7166: 7159: 7136: 7114: 7107: 7094: 7085: 7078: 7052: 7045: 7019: 7012: 6983: 6976: 6958: 6932: 6921: 6918:(23): 261–303. 6906: 6899: 6881: 6874: 6848: 6841: 6817: 6801: 6800: 6798: 6795: 6788: 6759: 6756: 6755: 6754: 6749: 6740: 6738:Phyllida Lloyd 6724: 6712: 6705: 6702: 6701: 6700: 6695: 6690: 6685: 6683:Reflexive verb 6678: 6675: 6673: 6670: 6647: 6629: 6628: 6602: 6591: 6573: 6572: 6546: 6541: 6540: 6539: 6500: 6497: 6496: 6495: 6480: 6464: 6448: 6436:Bu holodilnik 6432: 6416: 6219:[ɜzɪm] 5570:, the pronoun 5563: 5560: 5559: 5558: 5555:book to Maria. 5539: 5536:book to Maria. 5511: 5508: 5500: 5499: 5385: 5382: 5381: 5380: 5372: 5356: 5355: 5332: 5331: 5315: 5296: 5295: 5288: 5284: 5283: 5276: 5272: 5271: 5268: 5264: 5263: 5256: 5252: 5251: 5244: 5240: 5239: 5232: 5228: 5227: 5224: 5209:Serbo-Croatian 5205: 5204:Serbo-Croatian 5202: 5201: 5200: 5196:On poranil ego 5190:Он поранил его 5181: 5180: 5163: 5142: 5141: 5115: 5114: 5089: 5057: 5056: 5019: 5018: 5000: 4999: 4955:, the pronoun 4948: 4945: 4944: 4943: 4935: 4925: 4922: 4921: 4920: 4888: 4887: 4871: 4853: 4850: 4849: 4848: 4840: 4828: 4827: 4819: 4799: 4798: 4791: 4784: 4777: 4773: 4772: 4765: 4758: 4751: 4747: 4746: 4739: 4732: 4725: 4718: 4711: 4707: 4706: 4699: 4692: 4685: 4681: 4680: 4673: 4666: 4659: 4655: 4654: 4644: 4634: 4624: 4614: 4604: 4588: 4585: 4584: 4583: 4571: 4570: 4562: 4554: 4524: 4521: 4520: 4519: 4495: 4494: 4486: 4468: 4467: 4459: 4447: 4446: 4442:Piotr się myje 4438: 4430: 4406: 4405: 4398: 4394: 4393: 4386: 4382: 4381: 4368: 4364: 4363: 4356: 4352: 4351: 4344: 4340: 4339: 4336: 4329: 4326: 4324: 4321: 4320: 4319: 4318:(He sees him.) 4294: 4291: 4290: 4289: 4281:Ана ѝ ја даде 4277: 4269:Ана ѝ ја даде 4251: 4250: 4243: 4236: 4229: 4221: 4220: 4217: 4214: 4211: 4207: 4206: 4203: 4193:Main article: 4190: 4187: 4186: 4185: 4176: 4173: 4170: 4169: 4156: 4150: 4149: 4136: 4130: 4129: 4122: 4116: 4115: 4108: 4102: 4101: 4088: 4082: 4081: 4078: 4072: 4071: 4068: 4062: 4061: 4056: 4051: 4045: 4044: 4035: 4004: 4001: 3959: 3956: 3901: 3898: 3897: 3896: 3888: 3880: 3872: 3864: 3856: 3848: 3840: 3832: 3824: 3816: 3808: 3780: 3779: 3751: 3750: 3742: 3734: 3726: 3718: 3710: 3693: 3690: 3689: 3688: 3677:Hann talar um 3664: 3661: 3658: 3657: 3650: 3644: 3643: 3636: 3630: 3629: 3622: 3616: 3615: 3607: 3601: 3600: 3597: 3594: 3590: 3589: 3580: 3575: 3574: 3562: 3527: 3524: 3507: 3506: 3489: 3488: 3465: 3464: 3447: 3446: 3429: 3428: 3354: 3351: 3339: 3338: 3332: 3326: 3320: 3314: 3308: 3292:, For example 3281: 3278: 3277: 3276: 3261: 3260: 3251: 3241: 3194:(myself), and 3178:(for myself), 3172: 3171: 3165: 3159: 3153: 3147: 3141: 3126: 3123: 3118: 3115: 3112: 3111: 3108: 3107: 3102: 3088: 3074: 3064: 3063: 3058: 3044: 3030: 3020: 3019: 3014: 3000: 2986: 2976: 2975: 2970: 2956: 2942: 2932: 2931: 2926: 2912: 2898: 2888: 2887: 2882: 2872: 2871: 2866: 2852: 2838: 2828: 2827: 2822: 2812: 2811: 2806: 2792: 2778: 2768: 2767: 2762: 2748: 2734: 2724: 2723: 2718: 2704: 2701: 2691: 2690: 2685: 2675: 2668:Postpositional 2665: 2656: 2653: 2652: 2638: 2624: 2610: 2596: 2590: 2589: 2575: 2570: 2555: 2554: 2540: 2526: 2512: 2498: 2490: 2489: 2483: 2482: 2477: 2462: 2461: 2419: 2405: 2397: 2396: 2391: 2385: 2384: 2379: 2374: 2369: 2364: 2185: 2182: 2167:(sich) weh tun 2150:he hit himself 2137: 2134: 2133: 2132: 2053: 2050: 2049: 2048: 2036: 1995: 1992: 1980: 1979: 1969: 1955: 1954: 1926: 1923: 1879: 1878: 1869:。(I feel that 1867: 1864: 1861: 1853: 1850: 1847: 1839: 1836: 1833: 1825: 1822: 1819: 1813: 1810: 1807: 1801: 1798: 1795: 1789: 1786: 1783: 1777: 1774: 1771: 1765: 1762: 1759: 1753: 1750: 1747: 1741: 1738: 1735: 1729: 1726: 1723: 1717: 1714: 1711: 1705: 1702: 1699: 1693: 1690: 1687: 1681: 1678: 1675: 1669: 1660:。(I feel that 1658: 1655: 1652: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1630: 1627: 1624: 1618: 1615: 1612: 1606: 1603: 1600: 1594: 1591: 1588: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1570: 1567: 1564: 1558: 1555: 1552: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1532: 1529: 1526: 1518: 1515: 1512: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1492: 1489: 1486: 1480: 1477: 1474: 1463: 1462: 1443: 1440: 1437: 1431: 1428: 1425: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1407: 1404: 1401: 1393: 1390: 1387: 1379: 1376: 1373: 1367: 1364: 1361: 1355: 1352: 1349: 1337: 1336: 1325: 1322: 1319: 1313: 1310: 1307: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1289: 1286: 1283: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1261: 1258: 1255: 1243: 1242: 1235: 1232: 1229: 1223: 1220: 1217: 1209: 1206: 1203: 1195: 1192: 1189: 1181: 1178: 1175: 1167: 1164: 1161: 1155: 1152: 1149: 1143: 1140: 1137: 1131: 1128: 1125: 1119: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1100: 1097: 1094: 1086: 1083: 1080: 1072: 1069: 1066: 1058: 1055: 1052: 1044: 1041: 1038: 1032: 1029: 1026: 1020: 1017: 1014: 1008: 1005: 1002: 992: 991: 980: 977: 974: 968: 965: 962: 954: 951: 948: 940: 937: 934: 928: 925: 922: 916: 913: 910: 904: 901: 898: 892: 889: 886: 878: 871: 868: 865: 857: 854: 851: 843: 840: 837: 831: 828: 825: 819: 816: 813: 803: 800: 797: 791: 788: 785: 773: 770: 768: 765: 696: 693: 692: 691: 681: 680: 669: 658: 639: 638: 623: 612: 609:shave yourself 597: 596: 581: 580: 569: 558: 533: 532: 525: 510: 509: 504: 499: 494: 492:we — ourselves 489: 484: 479: 474: 468: 440:gender-neutral 429: 428: 379: 377: 370: 353: 350: 274: 273: 271: 270: 263: 256: 248: 245: 244: 231: 230: 220:Reflexive verb 212: 211: 207: 206: 192: 191: 184: 183: 165: 164: 157: 156: 142: 141: 135: 134: 124: 123: 38: 36: 29: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8311: 8300: 8297: 8295: 8292: 8291: 8289: 8274: 8271: 8269: 8266: 8264: 8261: 8257: 8253: 8250: 8249: 8248: 8245: 8243: 8240: 8238: 8235: 8231: 8228: 8226: 8223: 8222: 8221: 8218: 8216: 8213: 8211: 8208: 8206: 8203: 8201: 8198: 8194: 8191: 8190: 8189: 8186: 8185: 8183: 8179: 8173: 8170: 8168: 8165: 8163: 8160: 8158: 8157:Interrogative 8155: 8153: 8150: 8149: 8147: 8145: 8141: 8135: 8132: 8130: 8127: 8125: 8124:Interrogative 8122: 8120: 8119:Demonstrative 8117: 8115: 8112: 8111: 8109: 8107: 8103: 8097: 8094: 8092: 8089: 8087: 8084: 8083: 8081: 8079: 8075: 8069: 8068:Prepositional 8065: 8061: 8058: 8056: 8055:Strong / Weak 8053: 8051: 8048: 8046: 8043: 8041: 8038: 8036: 8033: 8031: 8028: 8026: 8023: 8021: 8020:Interrogative 8018: 8016: 8013: 8011: 8008: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7997: 7994: 7992: 7989: 7987: 7984: 7982: 7979: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7969: 7967: 7966:Demonstrative 7964: 7962: 7959: 7958: 7956: 7954: 7950: 7944: 7941: 7939: 7936: 7934: 7933:Prepositional 7931: 7929: 7926: 7924: 7923:Interrogative 7921: 7919: 7916: 7914: 7911: 7909: 7906: 7905: 7903: 7901: 7897: 7891: 7888: 7886: 7883: 7881: 7878: 7876: 7873: 7871: 7868: 7866: 7863: 7861: 7858: 7856: 7853: 7851: 7848: 7846: 7845:Demonstrative 7843: 7841: 7838: 7836: 7833: 7831: 7828: 7827: 7825: 7823: 7819: 7809: 7806: 7804: 7801: 7799: 7796: 7794: 7791: 7789: 7786: 7784: 7781: 7779: 7776: 7774: 7771: 7769: 7766: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7749: 7746: 7744: 7741: 7739: 7736: 7734: 7731: 7729: 7726: 7724: 7721: 7719: 7716: 7714: 7711: 7709: 7706: 7704: 7703:Germanic weak 7701: 7699: 7696: 7694: 7693:Frequentative 7691: 7689: 7686: 7684: 7681: 7679: 7676: 7674: 7671: 7669: 7666: 7664: 7661: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7649: 7646: 7644: 7641: 7639: 7636: 7634: 7633:Autocausative 7631: 7629: 7628:Anticausative 7626: 7624: 7621: 7619: 7616: 7615: 7613: 7609: 7603: 7600: 7598: 7597:Transgressive 7595: 7593: 7590: 7588: 7585: 7583: 7580: 7578: 7575: 7573: 7570: 7568: 7564: 7561: 7559: 7556: 7554: 7551: 7550: 7548: 7544: 7541: 7539: 7535: 7529: 7526: 7524: 7520: 7517: 7515: 7512: 7510: 7507: 7505: 7502: 7500: 7497: 7495: 7492: 7490: 7487: 7485: 7482: 7480: 7477: 7475: 7472: 7470: 7467: 7465: 7462: 7460: 7457: 7456: 7454: 7452: 7448: 7443: 7436: 7431: 7429: 7424: 7422: 7417: 7416: 7413: 7402: 7396: 7388: 7384: 7380: 7374: 7370: 7364: 7356: 7350: 7342: 7336: 7332: 7325: 7323: 7315: 7311: 7305: 7304:CROSBI 426503 7300: 7296: 7292: 7288: 7284: 7282:3-89586-161-8 7278: 7274: 7270: 7264: 7262: 7260: 7251: 7244: 7236: 7229: 7221: 7214: 7206: 7199: 7191: 7185: 7177: 7170: 7162: 7156: 7152: 7151: 7143: 7141: 7132: 7128: 7124: 7118: 7110: 7104: 7100: 7089: 7081: 7079:0-7748-0541-2 7075: 7071: 7066: 7065: 7056: 7048: 7046:0-415-08945-X 7042: 7038: 7033: 7032: 7023: 7015: 7013:0-415-15032-9 7009: 7005: 7000: 6999: 6990: 6988: 6979: 6977:9781101980040 6973: 6969: 6962: 6946: 6942: 6936: 6930: 6925: 6917: 6910: 6902: 6900:9780194420983 6896: 6892: 6885: 6877: 6875:0-521-49868-6 6871: 6867: 6862: 6861: 6852: 6844: 6842:0-19-431347-6 6838: 6834: 6830: 6829: 6821: 6813: 6806: 6802: 6794: 6791: 6789:9783961104116 6785: 6780: 6775: 6768: 6767: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6744: 6741: 6739: 6735: 6731: 6729: 6725: 6723: 6719: 6717: 6713: 6711: 6708: 6707: 6699: 6698:Logophoricity 6696: 6694: 6691: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6680: 6669: 6666: 6663: 6660: 6656: 6650: 6645: 6632: 6627: 6626: 6621: 6618: 6615: 6611: 6605: 6600: 6594: 6589: 6576: 6571: 6570: 6566: 6564: 6560: 6556: 6552: 6545: 6536: 6532: 6531: 6530: 6528: 6524: 6520: 6516: 6511: 6506: 6493: 6492:of yourselves 6486: 6485:O'zlaringizni 6481: 6478: 6477:at themselves 6475:(They looked 6471: 6465: 6462: 6459:(I'm annoyed 6455: 6449: 6446: 6440:o'zi eritadi. 6439: 6433: 6430: 6424:jarohatladik. 6423: 6417: 6414: 6411:(John bought 6407: 6401: 6400: 6399: 6396: 6393: 6384: 6378: 6372: 6367: 6363: 6360: 6351: 6345: 6339: 6334: 6330: 6327: 6318: 6312: 6306: 6301: 6297: 6294: 6293:[ɜzɪ] 6285: 6273: 6268: 6264: 6260: 6256: 6253: 6244: 6238: 6232: 6227: 6223: 6220: 6211: 6205: 6199: 6194: 6190: 6188: 6184: 6181: 6172: 6166: 6160: 6155: 6150: 6141: 6135: 6129: 6124: 6119: 6110: 6104: 6098: 6093: 6089: 6086: 6077: 6071: 6065: 6060: 6055: 6046: 6040: 6034: 6029: 6024: 6015: 6009: 6003: 5998: 5994: 5991: 5982: 5976: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5951: 5945: 5939: 5934: 5929: 5920: 5914: 5908: 5903: 5899: 5896: 5887: 5881: 5875: 5870: 5866: 5862: 5857: 5848: 5842: 5836: 5831: 5827: 5823: 5818: 5809: 5803: 5797: 5792: 5788: 5784: 5780: 5777: 5768: 5762: 5756: 5751: 5746: 5737: 5731: 5725: 5720: 5715: 5706: 5700: 5694: 5689: 5685: 5682: 5673: 5667: 5661: 5656: 5651: 5642: 5636: 5630: 5625: 5620: 5611: 5605: 5599: 5594: 5590: 5588: 5585:), refers to 5583: 5582:[ɜzɪ] 5574: 5569: 5556: 5553: 5548: 5546: 5540: 5537: 5534: 5529: 5527: 5521: 5520: 5519: 5517: 5507: 5505: 5498: 5494: 5492: 5486: 5485: 5484: 5481: 5478: 5472: 5467: 5462: 5456: 5450: 5444: 5438: 5432: 5426: 5420: 5413: 5409: 5401: 5397: 5391: 5377: 5373: 5369: 5365: 5364: 5363: 5361: 5350: 5349: 5343: 5337: 5336: 5335: 5329: 5322: 5316: 5313: 5306: 5300: 5299: 5293: 5289: 5286: 5285: 5281: 5277: 5275:Instrumental 5274: 5273: 5269: 5266: 5265: 5261: 5257: 5254: 5253: 5249: 5245: 5242: 5241: 5237: 5233: 5230: 5229: 5225: 5222: 5221: 5218: 5215: 5210: 5197: 5187: 5186: 5185: 5178: 5173: 5164: 5161: 5156: 5147: 5146: 5145: 5136: 5126: 5120: 5119: 5118: 5113: 5106: 5096: 5090: 5088: 5082:butylku vodki 5081: 5072:бутылку водки 5071: 5065: 5064: 5063: 5060: 5049: 5048: 5047: 5045: 5034: 5028: 5022: 5015: 5005: 5004: 5003: 4996: 4986: 4985: 4984: 4981: 4976: 4971: 4969: 4964: 4954: 4940: 4936: 4932: 4928: 4927: 4915: 4909: 4908: 4907: 4904: 4898: 4893: 4885: 4878: 4872: 4869: 4862: 4856: 4855: 4845: 4841: 4837: 4833: 4832: 4831: 4824: 4820: 4816: 4812: 4811: 4810: 4807: 4796: 4789: 4785: 4782: 4775: 4774: 4770: 4763: 4759: 4756: 4750:Instrumental 4749: 4748: 4744: 4740: 4737: 4733: 4730: 4726: 4723: 4719: 4716: 4712: 4709: 4708: 4704: 4697: 4693: 4690: 4683: 4682: 4678: 4671: 4667: 4664: 4657: 4656: 4651: 4645: 4641: 4635: 4631: 4625: 4621: 4615: 4611: 4605: 4602: 4601: 4598: 4595: 4580: 4576: 4575: 4574: 4567: 4563: 4559: 4555: 4551: 4547: 4546: 4545: 4540: 4536: 4532: 4516: 4512: 4511: 4510: 4507: 4501: 4491: 4487: 4483: 4479: 4478: 4477: 4474: 4464: 4460: 4456: 4452: 4451: 4450: 4443: 4439: 4435: 4431: 4427: 4423: 4422: 4421: 4418: 4413: 4403: 4399: 4396: 4395: 4391: 4387: 4385:Instrumental 4384: 4383: 4378: 4374: 4369: 4366: 4365: 4361: 4357: 4354: 4353: 4349: 4345: 4342: 4341: 4337: 4334: 4333: 4316: 4312: 4311: 4310: 4308: 4304: 4300: 4284: 4278: 4272: 4266: 4265: 4264: 4260: 4244: 4237: 4230: 4223: 4222: 4218: 4215: 4212: 4209: 4208: 4200: 4196: 4184: 4183: 4179: 4178: 4166: 4162: 4155: 4152: 4151: 4146: 4142: 4135: 4132: 4131: 4127: 4121: 4118: 4117: 4113: 4107: 4104: 4103: 4098: 4094: 4087: 4084: 4083: 4077: 4074: 4073: 4067: 4064: 4063: 4060: 4057: 4055: 4052: 4050: 4047: 4046: 4043: 4039: 4033: 4030: 4028: 4024: 4020: 4015: 4010: 4000: 3992: 3981: 3970: 3965: 3955: 3953: 3948: 3942: 3936: 3924: 3912: 3907: 3893: 3889: 3885: 3881: 3877: 3873: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3845: 3841: 3837: 3833: 3829: 3825: 3821: 3817: 3813: 3809: 3805: 3801: 3800: 3799: 3796: 3792: 3785: 3784:I wash myself 3775: 3765: 3759: 3758: 3757: 3754: 3747: 3743: 3739: 3735: 3731: 3727: 3723: 3719: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3702: 3701: 3699: 3686: 3680: 3674: 3673: 3672: 3670: 3655: 3649: 3646: 3645: 3641: 3635: 3632: 3631: 3627: 3621: 3618: 3617: 3612: 3606: 3603: 3602: 3598: 3595: 3592: 3591: 3588: 3584: 3578: 3571: 3566: 3563: 3559: 3554: 3553: 3552: 3549: 3547: 3543: 3539: 3538: 3533: 3523: 3521: 3517: 3512: 3504: 3503: 3498: 3497: 3496: 3494: 3486: 3485: 3479: 3478: 3473: 3472: 3471: 3470: 3462: 3461: 3456: 3455: 3454: 3452: 3444: 3443: 3438: 3437: 3436: 3434: 3426: 3425: 3420: 3419: 3418: 3415: 3411: 3407: 3403: 3398: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3369:(selves) and 3368: 3364: 3360: 3350: 3348: 3344: 3336: 3333: 3330: 3327: 3324: 3321: 3318: 3315: 3312: 3309: 3306: 3303: 3302: 3301: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3287: 3274: 3271: 3270: 3269: 3267: 3258: 3256: 3252: 3249: 3248:ásta a gödröt 3247: 3242: 3239: 3237: 3232: 3231: 3230: 3227: 3225: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3189: 3185: 3181: 3177: 3169: 3166: 3163: 3160: 3157: 3154: 3151: 3148: 3145: 3142: 3139: 3136: 3135: 3134: 3132: 3122: 3106: 3103: 3099: 3089: 3085: 3075: 3073: 3072: 3071: 3066: 3065: 3062: 3059: 3055: 3045: 3041: 3031: 3029: 3028: 3027: 3022: 3021: 3018: 3015: 3011: 3001: 2997: 2987: 2985: 2984: 2983: 2978: 2977: 2974: 2971: 2967: 2957: 2953: 2943: 2941: 2940: 2939: 2934: 2933: 2930: 2927: 2923: 2913: 2909: 2899: 2897: 2896: 2895: 2890: 2889: 2886: 2883: 2881: 2880: 2879: 2874: 2873: 2870: 2867: 2863: 2849: 2837: 2836: 2835: 2830: 2829: 2826: 2823: 2821: 2820: 2819: 2814: 2813: 2810: 2807: 2803: 2789: 2777: 2776: 2775: 2770: 2769: 2766: 2763: 2759: 2749: 2745: 2735: 2733: 2732: 2731: 2726: 2725: 2722: 2719: 2715: 2705: 2702: 2700: 2699: 2698: 2693: 2692: 2689: 2686: 2684: 2683: 2679: 2676: 2674: 2673: 2669: 2666: 2664: 2661: 2660: 2657: 2651: 2649: 2639: 2637: 2635: 2625: 2623: 2621: 2611: 2609: 2607: 2597: 2595: 2592: 2591: 2588: 2586: 2574: 2571: 2569: 2568: 2567: 2562: 2561: 2556: 2553: 2551: 2539: 2537: 2527: 2525: 2523: 2513: 2511: 2510: 2509: 2504: 2503: 2497: 2496: 2491: 2488: 2485: 2484: 2481: 2478: 2476: 2475: 2474: 2469: 2468: 2463: 2460: 2457: 2446: 2443: 2430: 2418: 2417: 2416: 2411: 2410: 2404: 2403: 2398: 2395: 2390: 2386: 2383: 2380: 2378: 2375: 2373: 2370: 2368: 2365: 2363: 2359: 2356: 2355: 2352: 2349: 2337: 2325: 2313: 2301: 2289: 2277: 2265: 2253: 2241: 2231: 2226: 2214: 2202: 2191: 2181: 2179: 2174: 2168: 2161: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2127: 2121: 2120: 2119: 2116: 2113: 2107: 2101: 2095: 2089: 2083: 2077: 2074: 2069: 2064: 2059: 2046: 2037: 2034: 2025: 2024: 2023: 2021: 2017: 2012: 2006: 2001: 1991: 1989: 1985: 1975: 1970: 1965: 1960: 1959: 1958: 1952: 1946: 1941: 1940: 1939: 1937: 1936: 1931: 1922: 1920: 1916: 1906: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1876: 1872: 1865: 1862: 1859: 1858: 1851: 1848: 1845: 1844: 1837: 1834: 1831: 1830: 1823: 1820: 1817: 1811: 1808: 1805: 1799: 1796: 1793: 1787: 1784: 1781: 1775: 1772: 1769: 1763: 1760: 1757: 1751: 1748: 1745: 1739: 1736: 1733: 1727: 1724: 1721: 1715: 1712: 1709: 1703: 1700: 1697: 1691: 1688: 1685: 1679: 1676: 1673: 1670: 1667: 1663: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1649: 1642: 1639: 1636: 1635: 1628: 1625: 1622: 1616: 1613: 1610: 1604: 1601: 1598: 1592: 1589: 1586: 1580: 1577: 1574: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1556: 1553: 1550: 1544: 1541: 1538: 1537: 1530: 1527: 1524: 1523: 1516: 1513: 1510: 1509: 1502: 1499: 1496: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1478: 1475: 1472: 1469: 1468: 1467: 1460: 1456: 1453:very clever. 1452: 1448: 1441: 1438: 1435: 1429: 1426: 1423: 1417: 1414: 1411: 1405: 1402: 1399: 1398: 1391: 1388: 1385: 1384: 1377: 1374: 1371: 1365: 1362: 1359: 1353: 1350: 1347: 1346: 1342: 1341: 1340: 1334: 1330: 1323: 1320: 1317: 1311: 1308: 1305: 1299: 1296: 1293: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1280: 1273: 1270: 1267: 1266: 1259: 1256: 1253: 1252: 1248: 1247: 1246: 1240: 1237:。(I gave him 1233: 1230: 1227: 1221: 1218: 1215: 1214: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1200: 1193: 1190: 1187: 1186: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1172: 1165: 1162: 1159: 1153: 1150: 1147: 1141: 1138: 1135: 1129: 1126: 1123: 1120: 1117: 1114:。(I gave him 1110: 1107: 1104: 1098: 1095: 1092: 1091: 1084: 1081: 1078: 1077: 1070: 1067: 1064: 1063: 1056: 1053: 1050: 1049: 1042: 1039: 1036: 1030: 1027: 1024: 1018: 1015: 1012: 1006: 1003: 1000: 997: 996: 995: 989: 985: 978: 975: 972: 966: 963: 960: 959: 952: 949: 946: 945: 938: 935: 932: 926: 923: 920: 914: 911: 908: 902: 899: 896: 890: 887: 884: 883: 879: 876: 869: 866: 863: 862: 855: 852: 849: 848: 841: 838: 835: 829: 826: 823: 817: 814: 811: 808: 807: 806: 801: 798: 795: 789: 786: 783: 779: 764: 762: 758: 753: 750: 746: 741: 739: 735: 731: 727: 723: 717: 715: 711: 707: 702: 690: 687: 686: 685: 676: 670: 665: 664:te concentrer 659: 656: 649: 644: 643: 642: 636: 632: 628: 624: 621: 617: 613: 610: 606: 602: 601: 600: 594: 590: 589:with herself. 586: 585: 584: 578: 577:with herself. 574: 570: 567: 563: 559: 556: 552: 548: 547: 546: 544: 539: 537: 530: 526: 523: 519: 518: 517: 515: 508: 507:one — oneself 505: 503: 500: 498: 495: 493: 490: 488: 485: 483: 482:she — herself 480: 478: 475: 472: 469: 467: 464: 463: 462: 460: 456: 452: 448: 443: 441: 437: 425: 422: 414: 404: 400: 396: 391: 389: 385: 380:This article 378: 374: 369: 368: 365: 363: 359: 349: 347: 343: 339: 335: 331: 326: 324: 320: 316: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 291: 289: 285: 281: 269: 264: 262: 257: 255: 250: 249: 247: 246: 243: 238: 233: 232: 229: 225: 221: 217: 214: 213: 209: 208: 205: 201: 197: 194: 193: 189: 186: 185: 182: 178: 174: 170: 167: 166: 162: 159: 158: 155: 151: 147: 144: 143: 140: 137: 136: 133: 130: 129: 120: 117: 109: 98: 95: 91: 88: 84: 81: 77: 74: 70: 67: –  66: 62: 61:Find sources: 55: 51: 45: 44: 39:This article 37: 33: 28: 27: 22: 8256:Pro-sentence 8230:Onomatopoeia 8220:Interjection 8193:Measure word 8039: 7976:Distributive 7870:Postpositive 7850:Intersective 7803:Unaccusative 7748:Performative 7718:Intransitive 7678:Ditransitive 7504:Noun adjunct 7368: 7363: 7330: 7272: 7249: 7243: 7234: 7228: 7219: 7213: 7204: 7198: 7175: 7169: 7149: 7131:the original 7126: 7117: 7098: 7088: 7063: 7055: 7030: 7022: 6997: 6967: 6961: 6949:. Retrieved 6944: 6935: 6924: 6915: 6909: 6890: 6884: 6859: 6851: 6827: 6820: 6811: 6805: 6765: 6761: 6736:directed by 6727: 6715: 6668: 6664: 6661: 6658: 6651: 6648: 6633: 6630: 6624: 6623: 6619: 6616: 6613: 6606: 6603: 6595: 6592: 6577: 6574: 6568: 6567: 6562: 6558: 6548: 6526: 6522: 6518: 6514: 6502: 6491: 6484: 6476: 6469: 6460: 6453: 6444: 6437: 6428: 6421: 6412: 6405: 6397: 6365: 6364: 6332: 6331: 6299: 6298: 6266: 6262: 6258: 6257: 6225: 6224: 6192: 6191: 6185: 6153: 6122: 6091: 6090: 6058: 6027: 5996: 5995: 5963: 5932: 5901: 5900: 5868: 5864: 5860: 5829: 5825: 5821: 5790: 5786: 5782: 5781: 5749: 5718: 5687: 5686: 5654: 5623: 5592: 5591: 5586: 5565: 5554: 5552:Ana gave her 5551: 5544: 5535: 5533:Ana gave her 5532: 5525: 5513: 5503: 5501: 5496: 5490: 5482: 5452:(instead of 5411: 5407: 5399: 5395: 5387: 5359: 5357: 5347: 5345: 5341: 5333: 5327: 5320: 5311: 5304: 5207: 5182: 5176: 5159: 5143: 5134: 5124: 5116: 5104: 5094: 5079: 5069: 5061: 5058: 5052:Он поранился 5023: 5020: 5001: 4972: 4950: 4913: 4903:próprio/a(s) 4889: 4883: 4876: 4867: 4860: 4829: 4802: 4649: 4639: 4629: 4619: 4609: 4590: 4572: 4538: 4534: 4530: 4526: 4496: 4469: 4448: 4409: 4376: 4372: 4296: 4282: 4270: 4258: 4254: 4180: 4164: 4160: 4144: 4140: 4096: 4092: 4006: 3961: 3903: 3797: 3790: 3783: 3781: 3773: 3763: 3755: 3752: 3695: 3684: 3678: 3669:third person 3666: 3550: 3535: 3529: 3519: 3515: 3510: 3508: 3501: 3499: 3492: 3490: 3483: 3481: 3476: 3474: 3468: 3466: 3459: 3457: 3450: 3448: 3441: 3439: 3432: 3430: 3423: 3421: 3413: 3409: 3405: 3401: 3399: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3382: 3378: 3374: 3370: 3366: 3362: 3358: 3356: 3346: 3342: 3340: 3337:(themselves) 3334: 3331:(yourselves) 3328: 3322: 3316: 3310: 3304: 3298:önfeláldozni 3297: 3293: 3289: 3285: 3283: 3272: 3265: 3262: 3254: 3253: 3245: 3243: 3235: 3233: 3228: 3223: 3219: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3187: 3183: 3180:magunk előtt 3179: 3175: 3173: 3170:(themselves) 3167: 3164:(yourselves) 3161: 3155: 3149: 3143: 3137: 3130: 3128: 3120: 3104: 3068: 3067: 3060: 3024: 3023: 3016: 2980: 2979: 2972: 2936: 2935: 2928: 2892: 2891: 2884: 2876: 2875: 2868: 2834:Instrumental 2832: 2831: 2824: 2816: 2815: 2808: 2772: 2771: 2764: 2728: 2727: 2720: 2695: 2694: 2687: 2681: 2680: 2677: 2671: 2670: 2667: 2662: 2645: 2631: 2617: 2603: 2593: 2582: 2572: 2564: 2563: 2558: 2547: 2533: 2519: 2506: 2505: 2500: 2494: 2493: 2486: 2479: 2471: 2470: 2465: 2447: 2433: 2413: 2412: 2407: 2402:Undeclinable 2401: 2400: 2393: 2388: 2381: 2376: 2371: 2366: 2361: 2187: 2162: 2158:I hit myself 2157: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2139: 2125: 2117: 2078: 2055: 2044: 2032: 2019: 2015: 1997: 1987: 1981: 1973: 1963: 1956: 1950: 1944: 1933: 1928: 1918: 1894: 1893:to Mandarin 1886: 1880: 1874: 1870: 1856: 1842: 1828: 1665: 1661: 1647: 1633: 1535: 1521: 1507: 1464: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1396: 1382: 1344: 1338: 1332: 1328: 1278: 1264: 1250: 1244: 1238: 1212: 1198: 1184: 1170: 1115: 1089: 1075: 1061: 1047: 993: 987: 983: 957: 943: 881: 874: 860: 846: 775: 760: 756: 754: 748: 742: 733: 729: 725: 721: 718: 713: 709: 705: 698: 688: 682: 674: 663: 654: 647: 640: 634: 630: 626: 619: 618:(NOT Try to 616:concentrate. 615: 611:on Sundays?) 608: 604: 598: 592: 588: 582: 576: 572: 565: 561: 554: 550: 540: 534: 528: 521: 513: 511: 506: 501: 496: 491: 486: 481: 477:he — himself 476: 470: 465: 458: 454: 450: 446: 444: 432: 417: 408: 393:Please help 382:may contain 381: 355: 327: 318: 314: 310: 306: 302: 298: 292: 279: 277: 215: 181:Dative shift 139:Transitivity 112: 103: 93: 86: 79: 72: 60: 48:Please help 43:verification 40: 21:§ Works 8205:Conjunction 7971:Disjunctive 7908:Conjunctive 7855:Nominalized 7758:Predicative 7602:Verbal noun 7553:Attributive 6620:Hit my dog! 6490:(Take care 6461:with myself 6171:o'zilaridan 6076:o'zingizdan 5471:vos mismo/a 5326:("Ana gave 5310:("Ana gave 5255:Accusative 5223:Nominative 5112:dative case 4875:Quando ele 4859:Quando ele 4715:samego, sam 4710:Accusative 4603:Nominative 4367:Accusative 4335:Nominative 4315:Lo vida lo. 4202:Accusative 4021:except the 3952:c-commanded 3941:jibunjishin 3923:jibunjishin 3500:magukat mos 3361:(self) and 3341:The prefix 3325:(ourselves) 3158:(ourselves) 3026:Terminative 2688:Translation 2672:case marker 2432:) — "self" 2336:mere khudkā 2066:, with its 1915:Old Chinese 1457:feels that 635:feel myself 562:behind him. 520:Jim bought 514:intensively 487:it — itself 342:noun phrase 200:Antipassive 177:Benefactive 173:Applicative 8288:Categories 8273:Yes and no 8188:Classifier 8172:Possessive 8134:Quantifier 8129:Possessive 8106:Determiner 8078:Adposition 8050:Resumptive 8035:Reciprocal 8030:Possessive 8010:Indefinite 7938:Pronominal 7890:Subsective 7865:Possessive 7835:Collateral 7808:Unergative 7798:Transitive 7713:Inchoative 7708:Impersonal 7648:Catenative 7587:Participle 7582:Infinitive 7514:Relational 7484:Collective 7464:Adjectival 6797:References 6734:drama film 6631:Nyundu-ugu 6527:themselves 6505:Vietnamese 6499:Vietnamese 6472:qaradilar. 6366:themselves 6333:yourselves 6154:themselves 6123:themselves 6092:themselves 6059:yourselves 6045:o'zingizga 6028:yourselves 6014:o'zingizni 5997:yourselves 5981:o'zimizdan 5477:mí mismo/a 5461:ti mismo/a 5449:sí mismo/a 5078:On prines 5068:Он принес 4975:accusative 4897:mesmo/a(s) 4892:Portuguese 4852:Portuguese 4523:Possessive 4506:s'en aller 4434:Myjesz się 4189:Macedonian 4086:Accusative 4066:Nominative 4023:nominative 3996:자기자신(自己自身) 3876:voi stesse 3868:voi stessi 3860:noi stesse 3852:noi stessi 3620:Accusative 3605:Nominative 3593:Masculine 3313:(yourself) 3290:(one)self- 3146:(yourself) 3070:Semblative 2774:Accusative 2697:Nominative 2502:Nominative 2495:Declinable 2409:Nominative 2330:मेरे खुदका 2184:Hindi/Urdu 2146:he hit him 2106:vous-mêmes 2100:nous-mêmes 2068:indefinite 1449:considers 875:(your)self 662:Essaie de 551:after you. 466:I — myself 386:with poor 319:themselves 288:antecedent 190:decreasing 163:increasing 76:newspapers 8263:Prop-word 8225:Ideophone 8152:Discourse 8091:Inflected 8040:Reflexive 8015:Intensive 7822:Adjective 7793:Stretched 7783:Separable 7773:Reflexive 7668:Denominal 7663:Defective 7643:Captative 7638:Auxiliary 7577:Gerundive 7567:Nonfinite 7489:Countable 7395:cite book 7387:793207750 7349:cite book 7271:(2006) . 7184:cite book 6732:, a 2020 6649:gunda-la! 6604:gunda-la! 6470:o'zlariga 6456:ranjidim. 6429:ourselves 6427:(We hurt 6422:o'zimizni 6300:ourselves 6140:o'zlariga 6109:o'zlarini 5964:ourselves 5950:o'zimizga 5933:ourselves 5919:o'zimizni 5902:ourselves 5767:o'zingdan 5287:Locative 5267:Vocative 5231:Genitive 5117:Compare: 4776:Locative 4658:Genitive 4587:Intensive 4500:iść sobie 4397:Locative 4343:Genitive 4271:нејзината 4049:Masculine 3991:Jagijasin 3892:se stesse 3884:se stessi 3844:se stessa 3836:se stesso 3828:te stessa 3820:te stesso 3812:me stessa 3804:me stesso 3791:me stesso 3596:Feminine 3532:Icelandic 3526:Icelandic 3475:maguk mos 3329:önmagatok 3294:öngyilkos 3117:Hungarian 3105:like self 2885:from self 2678:Reflexive 2594:sans noun 2573:with noun 2487:sans noun 2480:with noun 2389:Masculine 2348:merā apnā 2342:मेरा अपना 2300:merā apnā 2294:मेरा अपना 2000:Esperanto 1994:Esperanto 1666:(him)self 1451:(him)self 1333:(him)self 738:logophors 637:strange.) 593:with her. 591:(NOT ... 583:Compare: 575:(NOT ... 573:with her. 473:(archaic) 411:June 2024 315:ourselves 169:Causative 8252:Pro-verb 8247:Pro-form 8144:Particle 8096:Stranded 8045:Relative 8025:Personal 7943:Relative 7928:Locative 7918:Genitive 7743:Negative 7673:Deponent 7653:Compound 7310:Contents 7299:2863538W 7291:37959860 6951:29 March 6716:Yourself 6672:See also 6454:o'zimdan 6350:o'zingiz 6226:yourself 6165:-laridan 6152:); from 6070:-ngizdan 6057:); from 5962:); from 5859:); from 5750:yourself 5748:); from 5736:o'zingga 5719:yourself 5705:o'zingni 5688:yourself 5672:o'zimdan 5653:); from 5464:(in the 5107:na nogu. 4924:Romanian 4426:Myję się 4154:Locative 4134:Ablative 4106:Genitive 4076:Vocative 4054:Feminine 4038:Singular 4027:vocative 4025:and the 3900:Japanese 3789:io lavo 3772:io lavo 3663:Examples 3648:Genitive 3583:Singular 3482:önök mos 3458:(ők) mos 3422:(ti) mos 3323:önmagunk 3307:(myself) 3244:a kutya 3238:csinálta 3224:kocsidat 3176:magamnak 3140:(myself) 2982:Adessive 2938:Inessive 2894:Genitive 2878:Ablative 2730:Ergative 2642:अप्नियों 2394:Feminine 2377:Singular 2367:Singular 2327:) gives 2154:I hit me 2088:toi-même 2082:moi-même 1871:Mr. Wang 1662:Mr. Wang 1331:took it 988:(my)self 726:yourself 710:yourself 706:yourself 677:étrange. 648:Te rases 543:personal 436:genitive 311:yourself 106:May 2022 8237:Preverb 8114:Article 8060:Subject 7953:Pronoun 7788:Stative 7753:Phrasal 7728:Lexical 7683:Dynamic 7658:Copular 7558:Converb 7474:Animacy 7314:Summary 6945:oed.com 6728:Herself 6677:Grammar 6523:himself 6519:herself 6413:himself 6383:o'zlari 6317:o'zimiz 6263:herself 6259:himself 6134:-lariga 6103:-larini 6039:-ngizga 6008:-ngizni 5975:-mizdan 5886:o'zidan 5865:herself 5861:himself 5826:herself 5822:himself 5787:herself 5783:himself 5641:o'zimga 5610:o'zimni 5587:oneself 5547:knjigo. 5528:knjigo. 5510:Slovene 5443:mismo/a 5437:ustedes 5390:Spanish 5384:Spanish 5323:knjigu. 5307:knjigu. 5260:sebe/se 5248:sebi/si 5243:Dative 5214:sebe/se 5137:na nogu 5127:на ногу 5097:на ногу 5080:s soboi 5070:с собой 4953:Russian 4947:Russian 4684:Dative 4355:Dative 4328:Oblique 4283:својата 4205:Dative 4175:Example 3904:In the 3698:Italian 3692:Italian 3685:himself 3599:Neuter 3542:genders 3395:önmaguk 3335:önmaguk 3311:önmagad 3305:önmagam 3220:házamat 3218:(as in 3196:magadat 3192:magamat 3162:magatok 3054:khudtak 3017:on self 2973:in self 2929:of self 2825:to self 2682:Pronoun 2560:Oblique 2467:Oblique 2456:apne āp 2450:अपने आप 2315:) with 2276:āpas kā 2252:āpas mẽ 2246:आपस में 1891:cognate 1116:his own 772:Chinese 675:me sens 633:(NOT I 629:strange 614:Try to 603:Do you 529:himself 522:himself 338:binding 334:anaphor 303:-selves 293:In the 284:pronoun 196:Passive 188:Valence 161:Valence 90:scholar 8215:Coverb 8210:Copula 8064:Object 7981:Donkey 7900:Adverb 7875:Proper 7840:Common 7723:Labile 7592:Supine 7572:Gerund 7563:Finite 7528:Verbal 7519:Strong 7509:Proper 7385:  7375:  7337:  7297:  7289:  7279:  7157:  7105:  7076:  7043:  7010:  6974:  6897:  6872:  6839:  6786:  6730:(film) 6718:(song) 6575:Ngadhu 6515:myself 6445:itself 6438:o'zini 6415:a car) 6406:o'ziga 6380:=> 6347:=> 6314:=> 6281:=> 6267:itself 6243:o'zing 6240:=> 6207:=> 6193:myself 6168:=> 6137:=> 6121:); to 6106:=> 6073:=> 6042:=> 6026:); to 6011:=> 5978:=> 5947:=> 5944:-mizga 5931:); to 5916:=> 5913:-mizni 5883:=> 5869:itself 5847:o'ziga 5844:=> 5830:itself 5820:); to 5808:o'zini 5805:=> 5791:itself 5764:=> 5761:-ngdan 5733:=> 5717:); to 5702:=> 5669:=> 5655:myself 5638:=> 5624:myself 5622:); to 5607:=> 5593:myself 4977:form, 4795:samych 4769:samymi 4736:samych 4689:samemu 4677:samych 4663:samego 4412:Polish 4377:siebie 4348:siebie 4323:Polish 4299:Novial 4293:Novial 4259:себеси 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Transitivity and valency
Transitivity
Intransitive verb
Transitive verb
Ditransitive verb
Valence
Causative
Applicative
Benefactive
Dative shift
Valence
Passive
Antipassive
Impersonal passive
Reflexive pronoun
Reflexive verb
Reciprocal (grammar)
Reciprocal pronoun

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