Knowledge

Religious satire

Source 📝

812: 168: 563: 245: 66: 409: 350: 25: 454: 1066: 1911:...religion, politics, and sexuality are the primary stuff of literary satire. Among these sacret targets, matters costive and defecatory play an important part. ... from the earliest times, satirists have used scatological and bathroom humor. Aristophanes, always livid and nearly scandalous in his religious, political, and sexual references... 1950:
his satirists satirized: housing, food, and fuel supplies, poverty, inflation, "hooliganism", public services, religion, stereotypes of nationals (the Englishman, German, &c), &c. Yet the truth of the matter is that no satirist worth his salt (Petronius, Chaucer, Rabelais, Swift, Leskov,
1707:
was initially banned in Ireland, Norway, some states of the US, and some towns and councils of the United Kingdom. In an interesting case of life mirroring art, activist groups who protested the film during its release bore striking similarities to some bands of religious zealots within the film
1590:
contains things such as a commandment to "not believe anything that you read", and proposes that all statements are both true and false at the same time. There is some discourse as to whether Discordianism should be regarded as a parody religion, and if so, to what
1484:
Boogyism is a fun loving cult that follows the teachings of The Great Booga, an 8 ft stuffed bunny look-alike who created the entire universe after an accident involving an unattended barbecue. It has its own
364: 1691:
Religious satire has been criticised by those who feel that sincerely held religious views should not be subject to ridicule. In some cases religious satire has been censored – for example, Molière's play
1267:" features a religious ceremony in which a priest chants, "Great Wall of Prophecy, reveal to us God's Will, that we might blindly obey!" and celebrants answer, "Free us from thought and responsibility." 1474:
plays a character called "America's Best Christian". In the persona of a right-wing evangelical Christian, she references Bible verses, using the persona to point out the inconsistencies in the Bible
2112:...threatening calls and opposition from staunch religious followers... the social media religion, 'Dinkoists' here on Sunday. ... no official registration ... attention entirely through Facebook... 2091: 3125: 2334: 2163: 324:
was initially banned in Ireland, Norway, some states of the US, and some towns and councils of the United Kingdom. This potential for censorship often leads to debates on the issue of
1542:
pink. These attributes serve to satirize the apparent contradictions in properties which some attribute to a theistic God, specifically omniscience, omnipotence, and omnibenevolence.
291:, while religious satire is that which targets religious beliefs. Religious satire is also sometimes called philosophical satire, and is thought to be the result of agnosticism or 360: 1345:", the Bishop of Bath and Wells comments "Never, in all my years, have I encountered such cruel and foul-minded perversity! Have you ever considered a career in the church?" 1045: 2593: 1742:, known as Rev. Magdalen in the SubGenius hierarchy, lost custody and contact with her son after a district court judge took offense at her participation in the Church's 1169: 3050: 2327: 1341:" sees Edmund invested as Archbishop of Canterbury amid a Machiavellian plot by the King to acquire lands from the Catholic Church. In Series 2, in the episode " 2848: 3132: 2433: 2320: 2153: 2099: 1636:, a street performance organization that uses Catholic imagery to call attention to sexual intolerance and satirize issues of gender and morality. 1548:
or Dinkamatham is a parody religion and social movement that emerged and evolved on social networks organized by independent welfare groups. The
287:, religion has been one of the three primary topics of literary satire, along with politics and sex. Satire which targets the clergy is a type of 2545: 272:. Caption reads: "Don't frighten us Pope, with your ban, and don't be such a furious man. Otherwise we shall turn around and show you our rears." 3238: 3258: 2603: 1053: 3253: 423: 1865:"Nicht Bapst: nicht schreck uns mit deim ban, Und sey nicht so zorniger man. Wir thun sonst ein gegen wehre, Und zeigen dirs Bel vedere" 3209: 2926: 2921: 3248: 1552:
described Dinkoism in 2016 as an atheist movement with significant growth on social media. With its own scripture Dinka Puranam and
2613: 2438: 719: 1708:
itself. Like much religious satire, the intent of the film has been misinterpreted and distorted by protesters. According to the
3243: 3404: 130: 2889: 2568: 2469: 2303: 2280: 2005: 1845: 655: 102: 3414: 3104: 3087: 2428: 2418: 2068: 3116: 2588: 2538: 798: 2225: 1716:
is not a critique of religion so much as an indictment of the hysteria and bureaucratic excess that often surrounds it.
109: 2474: 1951:
Grass) ever avoids man's habits and living standards, or scants those delicate desiderata: religion, politics, and sex.
3374: 2931: 2045: 1819: 229: 211: 189: 149: 83: 52: 38: 182: 2836: 2730: 2583: 2494: 1435: 2249: 1973: 116: 2816: 2735: 2647: 2423: 2413: 1743: 1633: 639: 631: 3409: 2821: 2630: 2531: 2443: 2268: 1755: 775: 283:
and can take the form of texts, plays, films, and parody. From the earliest times, at least since the plays of
87: 3099: 621: 531: 383: 98: 2618: 811: 3167: 3092: 2679: 1207: 2674: 3146: 3082: 2973: 2768: 2763: 2699: 2355: 3160: 3038: 2608: 2598: 1122: 1036: 747: 379: 1968: 2996: 2860: 2843: 2684: 2578: 2453: 1243: 1157: 972: 1126: 3342: 3216: 2948: 2826: 2803: 2390: 1785: 1512: 1493: 1029: 938:
which satirizes, among other things, the hypocrisy inherent in an 18th-century rural Ireland where
375: 176: 3379: 3354: 3230: 2669: 2479: 2448: 1997: 1739: 1660: 1595: 1133: 950: 261: 76: 3359: 3001: 2894: 2882: 2811: 2720: 2715: 2652: 2489: 2370: 2095: 1523: 984: 727: 193: 2788: 1905: 1874: 123: 3223: 3139: 3045: 2991: 2870: 2783: 2642: 2625: 2573: 2554: 2312: 1893: 1809: 1724: 1381: 1264: 1107: 1004: 614: 511: 433: 329: 44: 1834: 1211:(2011) A broadway production about two young Mormon Missionaries sent to Uganda, written by 3364: 3349: 3305: 3288: 3181: 3008: 2968: 2953: 2936: 2865: 2855: 2689: 2664: 2659: 1271: 1192: 1118: 884: 551: 2154:"Kerala's Dinkoists take on Akshaya Tritiya, hit the market with their brand of underwear" 429: 371: 8: 3067: 3023: 3018: 2909: 2725: 2037: 1760: 1639: 1586: 1138: 1017: 896: 739: 647: 585: 1652:, traditional parodies of Jewish life written out, and/or acted out, for the holiday of 1426:, which stars God, his assistant, Jesus, Lucifer, and several other characters from the 562: 3074: 3013: 2983: 2943: 2773: 2758: 2637: 2484: 2360: 1516: 1342: 1316: 1024: 998: 966: 955: 939: 927: 901: 506: 802:
who was worshipped by a number of people. His name was used as a substitute for "God".
3337: 3174: 3033: 2512: 2299: 2276: 2124: 2064: 2041: 2001: 1940:
Menippeans & Their Satire: Concerning Monstrous Leamed Old Dogs and Hippocentaurs
1841: 1815: 1720: 1675: 1069: 1040: 835:("The Teacher of Children") in his hand. Two men, respectively Tatar and Azerbaijani 820: 767: 325: 2694: 308: 3202: 3195: 3188: 3153: 2831: 2380: 2200: 1566: 1252: 977: 889: 860: 590: 556: 300: 288: 3327: 3310: 3028: 2963: 2507: 2375: 2365: 2291: 2158: 1963: 1938: 1923: 1780: 1770: 1501: 1454: 1365: 1162: 908: 760: 516: 2778: 2916: 2385: 1732: 1728: 1727:
in January 2006. Critics of the original version of the Bill (such as comedian
1679: 1581: 1486: 1458: 1451:, a site that purported to be a Christian Internet censorship site (2001–2008). 1405: 1386: 1360: 1355: 1338: 1201: 1174: 1111: 1098: 1078: 932: 918: 913: 816: 696: 609: 602: 466: 333: 332:
in January 2006. Critics of the original version of the Bill (such as comedian
2793: 2292:"SubGenius vs The Conspiracy: Playfulness and sincerity in invented religions" 2269:"Making the Donkey Visible: Discordianism in the Works of Robert Anton Wilson" 2235: 1311:
has satirized elements of Christianity and other religions in several episodes
3398: 3369: 3062: 3057: 1775: 1765: 1703: 1603: 1558: 1508: 1447: 1229: 1145: 793: 732: 708: 541: 526: 521: 491: 486: 476: 458: 418: 320: 269: 268:. Title: Kissing the Pope's Feet. German peasants respond to a papal bull of 265: 876: 2958: 2904: 2899: 2877: 1709: 1570: 1553: 1505: 1471: 1413: 1376: 1371: 1284: 945: 679: 597: 546: 284: 1735:
making it clear that this was not the case was passed – by just one vote.
3300: 3273: 2742: 1649: 1599: 1562: 1300: 1216: 1178: 1009: 684: 668: 536: 501: 496: 296: 2523: 1515:
is responsible for the creation of the universe. Its purpose is to mock
3278: 1664: 1333: 1325: 1307: 1279: 1232:, an autobiographical monologue taking aim at Catholicism and Mormonism 1220: 1212: 1184: 1115: 989: 935: 712: 703: 672: 571: 566: 481: 471: 315: 2296:
Fiction, Invention and Hyper-reality: From Popular Culture to Religion
1092: 244: 2033: 1731:) feared that satirists could be prosecuted, but an amendment by the 1422: 1288: 963: 959: 755: 339: 1613:. Ceiling Cat's enemy is Basement Cat, a black cat representing the 65: 3332: 3295: 2129: 1694: 1668: 1642:, a project in which the stories of the Bible are illustrated with 1627: 1545: 1259: 1150: 1103: 1087: 1073: 1065: 2178: 1275:
has episodes that have satirized Orthodox Judaism and Christianity
3283: 2230: 1723:
was hotly debated by the UK Parliament during the passing of the
1574: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1400: 1292: 856: 789: 663: 304: 292: 453: 1610: 1584:
of the 1950s and 1960s (respectively). Its main holy book, the
1578: 847: 841: 691: 280: 2342: 1994:
The Sum of All Heresies: The Image of Islam in Western Thought
1856:
In Latin, the title reads "Hic oscula pedibus papae figuntur"
1653: 1614: 1497: 1296: 872: 836: 824: 1682:, a 1991 response to the then-current televangelism scandals 1329:, which lampooned the role of the Catholic Church in Ireland 248:
From a series of woodcuts (1545) usually referred to as the
1943:, in Scholia satyrica, Volume 6, 3/4, 1980 p.45 quotation: 1643: 1440: 1197: 432:
by adding inclusion criteria, or discuss this issue on the
2125:"The mouse messiah bringing salvation to India's atheists" 1046:
Lamb: The Gospel According to Biff, Christ's Childhood Pal
1549: 1248: 1606:(and its associated scandals), and other modern beliefs. 1461:
from a conservative Evangelical perspective (since 2016)
1170:
A Very Merry Unauthorized Children's Scientology Pageant
295:. Notable works of religious satire surfaced during the 1686: 1408:
that frequently stresses religious issues (since 2000)
2089: 1877:
Luther's Last Battles: Politics And Polemics 1531–46
1836:
Luther's Last Battles: Politics And Polemics 1531–46
1598:
pokes fun at many different religions, particularly
1457:, a parody news site, mainly focusing on satirizing 1188:(2005) Off-Broadway musical about Christian Boysband 461:
was well known for his routines satirizing religion.
1364:is a devout Christian who is often used to lampoon 851:decrees (on the left). From the satirical magazine 90:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 340:Notable examples of religious satire and satirists 314:Religious satire has been criticised and at times 2273:Handbook of New Religions and Cultural Production 3396: 2215:, pp. 238–240. Trinity Press International, 2002 1888: 1886: 1125:, and his hunger for political power behind the 2250:"Votes on the Racial and Religious Hatred Bill" 3051:Christian thought on persecution and tolerance 2294:. In Cusack, Carole M.; Kosnáč, Pavol (eds.). 1987: 1985: 1983: 806: 2539: 2328: 2271:. In Cusack, Carole M.; Norman, Alex (eds.). 2030:Heretic and Hero: Muhammad and the Victorians 2023: 2021: 2019: 2017: 1883: 1443:-based project by Martin Grondin (since 2007) 336:) feared that satirists could be prosecuted. 279:is a form of satire that refers to religious 2151: 1937:Clark, John R. and Motto, Anna Lydia (1980) 1922:Clark, John R. and Motto, Anna Lydia (1973) 1808:Oberman, Heiko Augustinus (1 January 1994). 1738:In 2006, Rachel Bevilacqua, a member of the 1314:Satirical Australian documentary miniseries 997:, a parody and exposé of a false prophet by 871:("Paragraphs and Periods"), a parody of the 2059: 2057: 1980: 53:Learn how and when to remove these messages 3210:The Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster 2546: 2532: 2343:Religion and philosophy in popular culture 2335: 2321: 2145: 2014: 1898: 1161:, notable for its irreverent treatment of 578: 2553: 2289: 2266: 2188: 2184: 2117: 1931: 1916: 1247:, 1982 television serial produced by the 230:Learn how and when to remove this message 212:Learn how and when to remove this message 150:Learn how and when to remove this message 2067:. Graphics Shelf.com. 23 November 2017. 2054: 1868: 1828: 1064: 810: 720:Futurama: The Beast with a Billion Backs 561: 452: 243: 175:This article includes a list of general 2092:"'Dinkoists' Gather Under a Troll Tree" 2083: 1807: 318:to avoid offence, for example the film 3397: 2090:Express News Service (21 March 2016). 2027: 1956: 1801: 2527: 2316: 1991: 1811:The Impact of the Reformation: Essays 1060: 16:Satire referring to religious beliefs 1099:Le fanatisme, ou Mahomet le prophète 1079:Le fanatisme, ou Mahomet le Prophète 1015:Christian satire and humor magazine 831:("The Translator") and the textbook 424:Manual of Style for standalone lists 402: 343: 161: 88:adding citations to reliable sources 59: 18: 1687:Reactions, criticism and censorship 1609:The worship of "Ceiling Cat" among 1478: 13: 1569:, but draws much of its tone from 1255:novels satirizing Victorian clergy 656:Monty Python's The Meaning of Life 374:by removing the content or adding 181:it lacks sufficient corresponding 14: 3426: 2434:New religious movements and cults 2166:from the original on 10 June 2021 2071:from the original on 10 June 2021 2065:"The Curious Case of Lord Dinkan" 1459:American Evangelical Christianity 1054:Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons 1052:The controversial "Islamophobic" 827:, depicted holding the newspaper 34:This article has multiple issues. 2614:Unification Church in Japan 2201:Vicar supports Life of Brian ban 1621: 1436:LOLCat Bible Translation Project 1137:(1955), which fictionalizes the 799:Hitchhikers' Guide to the Galaxy 407: 348: 166: 64: 23: 2242: 2218: 2205: 2194: 1667:includes a humorous version of 1634:Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence 1561:is centered around the ancient 1349: 632:Monty Python and the Holy Grail 75:needs additional citations for 42:or discuss these issues on the 3239:Books critical of Christianity 2260: 1859: 1850: 1814:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. 1756:Anti-Catholic satire and humor 1108:critical depiction of Muhammad 954:(1785), which is an attack on 823:(on the right), leader of the 776:The First Temptation of Christ 1: 3405:Religious parodies and satire 3259:Books critical of Scientology 1974:Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 1794: 1404:, an internet comic strip by 1393: 1236: 783: 3168:Letter to a Christian Nation 2290:Robertson, David G. (2016). 2267:Robertson, David G. (2012). 792:is a legendary prophet from 640:Monty Python's Life of Brian 7: 3415:Religious comedy and humour 3254:Books critical of Mormonism 2356:List of fictional religions 2275:. Brill. pp. 421–444. 2152:Megha Varier (6 May 2016). 1749: 1663:" by progressive rock band 1173:(2003), which makes fun of 995:Alexander the Oracle Monger 839:, are threatening him with 807:Literature and publications 735:and Matthew Robinson (2009) 569:, satirist behind the film 328:such as in the case of the 10: 3431: 3161:God: The Failed Hypothesis 3147:God in the Age of Science? 2226:"The Secret Life of Brian" 2028:Almond, Philip C. (1989). 1530:which takes the form of a 1420:Comedic short film series 819:educator and intellectual 748:How to Lose Your Virginity 419:precise inclusion criteria 3318: 3267: 3249:Books critical of Judaism 3115: 2982: 2802: 2751: 2708: 2594:Latter Day Saint movement 2561: 2503: 2462: 2404: 2348: 1992:Quinn, Frederick (2008). 1824:– via Google Books. 1465: 1244:The Barchester Chronicles 1158:Jerry Springer: The Opera 973:Chronicles of Barsetshire 370:Please help Knowledge to 3217:Why I Am Not a Christian 2804:Religious discrimination 2391:Religion and video games 2298:. Taylor & Francis. 1964:"Al-Maʿarrī (Biography)" 1946:...classifying the very 1573:, Christianity, and the 1513:spaghetti with meatballs 1494:Flying Spaghetti Monster 1030:Job: A Comedy of Justice 855:, N. 17, 28 April 1908, 258:Depictions of the Papacy 3355:Criticism of monotheism 3244:Books critical of Islam 3231:The Demon-Haunted World 3088:Anti-Christian violence 2619:Westboro Baptist Church 2480:Humor about Catholicism 1998:Oxford University Press 1969:Encyclopædia Britannica 1925:Satire—that blasted art 1838:By Mark U. Edwards, Jr. 1740:Church of the SubGenius 1596:Church of the SubGenius 1504:, which asserts that a 1196:is a parody of life in 1072:of the 1753 edition of 579:Films and documentaries 196:more precise citations. 2675:New religious movement 2371:Philosophy of religion 2234:. 2007. Archived from 2096:The New Indian Express 1953: 1913: 1875:Mark U. Edwards, Jr., 1840:Fortress Press, 2004. 1524:Invisible Pink Unicorn 1489:, The Spiritual Arghh. 1366:conservative Christian 1082: 985:Letters from the Earth 882:Collection of stories 864: 743:by Umesh Shukla (2012) 728:The Invention of Lying 575: 462: 273: 3410:Criticism of religion 3306:Nontheistic religions 3224:Why I Am Not a Muslim 3140:Christianity Unveiled 2604:Seventh-day Adventist 2555:Criticism of religion 2439:Seventh-day Adventism 1944: 1909: 1725:Religious Hatred Bill 1500:of the "Pastafarian" 1382:Evangelical Christian 1303:, and other religions 1265:A Pharaoh to Remember 1068: 1005:The Screwtape Letters 869:Al-Fuṣūl wa Al-Ghāyāt 814: 615:John and Roy Boulting 565: 456: 330:Religious Hatred Bill 247: 3350:Criticism of atheism 3182:The Blind Watchmaker 2764:Charles Taze Russell 2609:Unification movement 2238:on 28 November 2011. 1698:was banned in 1664. 1272:Curb Your Enthusiasm 988:, book of essays by 951:Holy Willie's Prayer 923:Cúirt An Mheán Óiche 885:The Canterbury Tales 552:The Kids in the Hall 430:improve this article 422:as described in the 372:improve this section 84:improve this article 2731:Mormon sacred texts 2589:Jehovah's Witnesses 2213:Screening Scripture 2038:Harrassowitz Verlag 1761:The Bible and humor 1640:The Brick Testament 1587:Principia Discordia 1139:Scopes Monkey Trial 1127:foundation of Islam 1018:The Wittenburg Door 897:The Praise of Folly 879:(10th–11th century) 384:independent sources 3133:Breaking the Spell 3075:Sectarian violence 2984:Religious violence 2932:Oriental Orthodoxy 2789:Mirza Ghulam Ahmad 2648:Twelver Shia Islam 2361:Fictional religion 2040:. pp. 33–35. 2000:. pp. 62–64. 1565:goddess of chaos, 1517:intelligent design 1317:John Safran vs God 1208:The Book of Mormon 1106:, notable for its 1083: 1061:Plays and musicals 1025:Robert A. Heinlein 999:Lucian of Samosata 967:Church of Scotland 956:self-righteousness 940:Christian morality 928:The Midnight Court 902:Desiderius Erasmus 888:(14th century) by 865: 815:Caricature of the 576: 507:Lucian of Samosata 463: 457:American comedian 274: 264:, commissioned by 99:"Religious satire" 3392: 3391: 3175:The Age of Reason 3126:Atheist Manifesto 2927:Eastern Orthodoxy 2890:Jehovah's Witness 2849:post–Cold War era 2752:Religious figures 2631:Swaminarayan sect 2521: 2520: 2513:Philosophy portal 2429:Latter Day Saints 2419:EST and The Forum 2305:978-1-317-13549-4 2282:978-90-04-22187-1 2007:978-0-19-532563-8 1996:. New York City: 1846:978-0-8006-3735-4 1721:freedom of speech 1676:Jesus He Knows Me 1411:Semiweekly comic 1226:Letting Go of God 1193:Saturday's Voyeur 1119:religious fanatic 1110:, described as a 1037:Christopher Moore 821:Ismail Gasprinsky 768:The Last Hangover 623:The Holy Mountain 451: 450: 416:This list has no 401: 400: 326:freedom of speech 240: 239: 232: 222: 221: 214: 160: 159: 152: 134: 57: 3422: 3203:The God Delusion 3196:The End of Faith 3189:The Caged Virgin 3154:God Is Not Great 2548: 2541: 2534: 2525: 2524: 2396:Religious satire 2381:Pseudophilosophy 2337: 2330: 2323: 2314: 2313: 2309: 2286: 2254: 2253: 2246: 2240: 2239: 2222: 2216: 2209: 2203: 2198: 2192: 2189:Robertson (2016) 2185:Robertson (2012) 2182: 2176: 2175: 2173: 2171: 2149: 2143: 2142: 2140: 2138: 2121: 2115: 2114: 2109: 2107: 2102:on 25 March 2016 2098:. Archived from 2087: 2081: 2080: 2078: 2076: 2061: 2052: 2051: 2025: 2012: 2011: 1989: 1978: 1977: 1960: 1954: 1935: 1929: 1920: 1914: 1902: 1896: 1890: 1881: 1872: 1866: 1863: 1857: 1854: 1848: 1832: 1826: 1825: 1805: 1479:Parody religions 1253:Anthony Trollope 1134:Inherit the Wind 978:Anthony Trollope 890:Geoffrey Chaucer 861:Oskar Schmerling 591:Yakov Protazanov 586:St. Jorgen's Day 557:Porta dos Fundos 446: 443: 437: 411: 410: 403: 396: 393: 387: 352: 351: 344: 301:Geoffrey Chaucer 299:, with works by 289:political satire 277:Religious satire 254:Papstspottbilder 235: 228: 217: 210: 206: 203: 197: 192:this article by 183:inline citations 170: 169: 162: 155: 148: 144: 141: 135: 133: 92: 68: 60: 49: 27: 26: 19: 3430: 3429: 3425: 3424: 3423: 3421: 3420: 3419: 3395: 3394: 3393: 3388: 3387: 3386: 3343:In Christianity 3314: 3311:Parody religion 3263: 3111: 2978: 2837:Catholic Church 2798: 2747: 2709:Religious texts 2704: 2557: 2552: 2522: 2517: 2508:Religion portal 2499: 2458: 2406: 2400: 2376:Popular culture 2366:Parody religion 2344: 2341: 2306: 2283: 2263: 2258: 2257: 2248: 2247: 2243: 2224: 2223: 2219: 2210: 2206: 2199: 2195: 2183: 2179: 2169: 2167: 2159:The News Minute 2150: 2146: 2136: 2134: 2133:. 11 April 2016 2123: 2122: 2118: 2105: 2103: 2088: 2084: 2074: 2072: 2063: 2062: 2055: 2048: 2026: 2015: 2008: 1990: 1981: 1962: 1961: 1957: 1936: 1932: 1921: 1917: 1903: 1899: 1892:Hodgart (2009) 1891: 1884: 1873: 1869: 1864: 1860: 1855: 1851: 1833: 1829: 1822: 1806: 1802: 1797: 1781:Parody religion 1771:Humour in Islam 1752: 1689: 1678:" by rock band 1624: 1582:countercultures 1538:both invisible 1502:parody religion 1481: 1468: 1455:The Babylon Bee 1396: 1352: 1323:British sitcom 1239: 1163:Judeo-Christian 1063: 931:) (c.1780), an 909:A Tale of a Tub 853:Molla Nasreddin 809: 786: 761:Rajkumar Hirani 740:OMG – Oh My God 581: 517:Hannibal Buress 447: 441: 438: 427: 412: 408: 397: 391: 388: 369: 365:popular culture 353: 349: 342: 260:in English, by 250:Papstspotbilder 236: 225: 224: 223: 218: 207: 201: 198: 188:Please help to 187: 171: 167: 156: 145: 139: 136: 93: 91: 81: 69: 28: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3428: 3418: 3417: 3412: 3407: 3390: 3389: 3385: 3384: 3383: 3382: 3377: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3347: 3346: 3345: 3340: 3330: 3324: 3323: 3322: 3320: 3319:Related topics 3316: 3315: 3313: 3308: 3303: 3298: 3293: 3292: 3291: 3281: 3276: 3271: 3269: 3265: 3264: 3262: 3261: 3256: 3251: 3246: 3241: 3235: 3234: 3227: 3220: 3213: 3206: 3199: 3192: 3185: 3178: 3171: 3164: 3157: 3150: 3143: 3136: 3129: 3121: 3119: 3113: 3112: 3110: 3109: 3108: 3107: 3102: 3097: 3096: 3095: 3090: 3077: 3072: 3071: 3070: 3065: 3055: 3054: 3053: 3043: 3042: 3041: 3036: 3031: 3026: 3016: 3011: 3006: 3005: 3004: 2994: 2988: 2986: 2980: 2979: 2977: 2976: 2971: 2966: 2961: 2956: 2951: 2946: 2941: 2940: 2939: 2929: 2924: 2919: 2914: 2913: 2912: 2907: 2902: 2892: 2887: 2886: 2885: 2875: 2874: 2873: 2863: 2858: 2853: 2852: 2851: 2841: 2840: 2839: 2829: 2824: 2819: 2814: 2808: 2806: 2800: 2799: 2797: 2796: 2791: 2786: 2781: 2776: 2771: 2766: 2761: 2755: 2753: 2749: 2748: 2746: 2745: 2740: 2739: 2738: 2736:Book of Mormon 2728: 2723: 2718: 2712: 2710: 2706: 2705: 2703: 2702: 2700:Zoroastrianism 2697: 2692: 2687: 2682: 2677: 2672: 2667: 2662: 2657: 2656: 2655: 2650: 2645: 2635: 2634: 2633: 2623: 2622: 2621: 2616: 2611: 2606: 2601: 2596: 2591: 2586: 2576: 2571: 2565: 2563: 2559: 2558: 2551: 2550: 2543: 2536: 2528: 2519: 2518: 2516: 2515: 2510: 2504: 2501: 2500: 2498: 2497: 2492: 2487: 2482: 2477: 2472: 2466: 2464: 2463:Other concepts 2460: 2459: 2457: 2456: 2451: 2446: 2441: 2436: 2431: 2426: 2421: 2416: 2410: 2408: 2402: 2401: 2399: 2398: 2393: 2388: 2386:Pseudoreligion 2383: 2378: 2373: 2368: 2363: 2358: 2352: 2350: 2346: 2345: 2340: 2339: 2332: 2325: 2317: 2311: 2310: 2304: 2287: 2281: 2262: 2259: 2256: 2255: 2241: 2217: 2204: 2193: 2177: 2144: 2116: 2082: 2053: 2046: 2013: 2006: 1979: 1955: 1930: 1915: 1897: 1882: 1879:(2004), p. 199 1867: 1858: 1849: 1827: 1820: 1799: 1798: 1796: 1793: 1792: 1791: 1783: 1778: 1773: 1768: 1763: 1758: 1751: 1748: 1733:House of Lords 1729:Rowan Atkinson 1688: 1685: 1684: 1683: 1672: 1657: 1647: 1637: 1630: 1623: 1620: 1619: 1618: 1607: 1592: 1556: 1543: 1541: 1520: 1490: 1487:religious text 1480: 1477: 1476: 1475: 1467: 1464: 1463: 1462: 1452: 1444: 1431: 1418: 1409: 1406:Tatsuya Ishida 1395: 1392: 1391: 1390: 1387:sola scriptura 1384:who practices 1369: 1361:Drawn Together 1356:Princess Clara 1351: 1348: 1347: 1346: 1339:The Archbishop 1330: 1321: 1312: 1304: 1283:has satirized 1276: 1268: 1256: 1238: 1235: 1234: 1233: 1223: 1204: 1202:Mormon culture 1189: 1181: 1175:L. Ron Hubbard 1166: 1154: 1142: 1130: 1095: 1062: 1059: 1058: 1057: 1050: 1034: 1022: 1013: 1001: 992: 981: 969: 943: 933:Irish language 919:Brian Merriman 916: 914:Jonathan Swift 904: 892: 880: 859:(illustrator: 837:Muslim clerics 833:Khoja-i-Sübyan 825:Jadid movement 808: 805: 804: 803: 785: 782: 781: 780: 772: 764: 752: 744: 736: 724: 716: 700: 697:Brian Dannelly 688: 676: 660: 652: 644: 636: 628: 618: 610:Heavens Above! 606: 603:Richard Brooks 594: 580: 577: 560: 559: 554: 549: 544: 539: 534: 529: 524: 519: 514: 509: 504: 499: 494: 489: 484: 479: 474: 469: 467:Brian Merriman 449: 448: 415: 413: 406: 399: 398: 363:references to 356: 354: 347: 341: 338: 334:Rowan Atkinson 309:Albrecht Dürer 238: 237: 220: 219: 174: 172: 165: 158: 157: 72: 70: 63: 58: 32: 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3427: 3416: 3413: 3411: 3408: 3406: 3403: 3402: 3400: 3381: 3378: 3376: 3373: 3372: 3371: 3370:Superstitions 3368: 3366: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3353: 3351: 3348: 3344: 3341: 3339: 3336: 3335: 3334: 3331: 3329: 3326: 3325: 3321: 3317: 3312: 3309: 3307: 3304: 3302: 3299: 3297: 3294: 3290: 3287: 3286: 3285: 3282: 3280: 3277: 3275: 3272: 3270: 3266: 3260: 3257: 3255: 3252: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3236: 3233: 3232: 3228: 3226: 3225: 3221: 3219: 3218: 3214: 3212: 3211: 3207: 3205: 3204: 3200: 3198: 3197: 3193: 3191: 3190: 3186: 3184: 3183: 3179: 3177: 3176: 3172: 3170: 3169: 3165: 3163: 3162: 3158: 3156: 3155: 3151: 3149: 3148: 3144: 3142: 3141: 3137: 3135: 3134: 3130: 3128: 3127: 3123: 3122: 3120: 3118: 3114: 3106: 3103: 3101: 3098: 3094: 3091: 3089: 3086: 3085: 3084: 3081: 3080: 3078: 3076: 3073: 3069: 3066: 3064: 3061: 3060: 3059: 3056: 3052: 3049: 3048: 3047: 3044: 3040: 3037: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3027: 3025: 3022: 3021: 3020: 3017: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3007: 3003: 3000: 2999: 2998: 2995: 2993: 2990: 2989: 2987: 2985: 2981: 2975: 2972: 2970: 2967: 2965: 2962: 2960: 2957: 2955: 2952: 2950: 2947: 2945: 2944:Protestantism 2942: 2938: 2935: 2934: 2933: 2930: 2928: 2925: 2923: 2920: 2918: 2915: 2911: 2908: 2906: 2903: 2901: 2898: 2897: 2896: 2893: 2891: 2888: 2884: 2881: 2880: 2879: 2876: 2872: 2869: 2868: 2867: 2864: 2862: 2859: 2857: 2854: 2850: 2847: 2846: 2845: 2842: 2838: 2835: 2834: 2833: 2830: 2828: 2825: 2823: 2820: 2818: 2815: 2813: 2810: 2809: 2807: 2805: 2801: 2795: 2792: 2790: 2787: 2785: 2782: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2772: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2760: 2757: 2756: 2754: 2750: 2744: 2741: 2737: 2734: 2733: 2732: 2729: 2727: 2724: 2722: 2719: 2717: 2714: 2713: 2711: 2707: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2686: 2683: 2681: 2678: 2676: 2673: 2671: 2668: 2666: 2663: 2661: 2658: 2654: 2651: 2649: 2646: 2644: 2641: 2640: 2639: 2636: 2632: 2629: 2628: 2627: 2624: 2620: 2617: 2615: 2612: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2600: 2599:Protestantism 2597: 2595: 2592: 2590: 2587: 2585: 2582: 2581: 2580: 2577: 2575: 2572: 2570: 2567: 2566: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2549: 2544: 2542: 2537: 2535: 2530: 2529: 2526: 2514: 2511: 2509: 2506: 2505: 2502: 2496: 2495:Reincarnation 2493: 2491: 2488: 2486: 2483: 2481: 2478: 2476: 2473: 2471: 2468: 2467: 2465: 2461: 2455: 2452: 2450: 2447: 2445: 2442: 2440: 2437: 2435: 2432: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2422: 2420: 2417: 2415: 2412: 2411: 2409: 2405:Religions and 2403: 2397: 2394: 2392: 2389: 2387: 2384: 2382: 2379: 2377: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2367: 2364: 2362: 2359: 2357: 2354: 2353: 2351: 2349:Main articles 2347: 2338: 2333: 2331: 2326: 2324: 2319: 2318: 2315: 2307: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2288: 2284: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2265: 2264: 2251: 2245: 2237: 2233: 2232: 2227: 2221: 2214: 2208: 2202: 2197: 2190: 2186: 2181: 2165: 2161: 2160: 2155: 2148: 2132: 2131: 2126: 2120: 2113: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2086: 2070: 2066: 2060: 2058: 2049: 2047:3-447-02913-7 2043: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2024: 2022: 2020: 2018: 2009: 2003: 1999: 1995: 1988: 1986: 1984: 1975: 1971: 1970: 1965: 1959: 1952: 1949: 1942: 1941: 1934: 1927: 1926: 1919: 1912: 1907: 1904:Clark (1991) 1901: 1895: 1889: 1887: 1880: 1878: 1871: 1862: 1853: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1837: 1831: 1823: 1821:9780802807328 1817: 1813: 1812: 1804: 1800: 1790: 1789: 1784: 1782: 1779: 1777: 1776:Jewish humour 1774: 1772: 1769: 1767: 1766:Discordianism 1764: 1762: 1759: 1757: 1754: 1753: 1747: 1745: 1741: 1736: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1719:The issue of 1717: 1715: 1714:Life of Brian 1711: 1706: 1705: 1704:Life of Brian 1699: 1697: 1696: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1655: 1651: 1648: 1645: 1641: 1638: 1635: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1625: 1622:Miscellaneous 1616: 1612: 1608: 1605: 1604:Televangelism 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1588: 1583: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1559:Discordianism 1557: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1544: 1539: 1537: 1536:paradoxically 1533: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1488: 1483: 1482: 1473: 1470: 1469: 1460: 1456: 1453: 1450: 1449: 1448:Net Authority 1445: 1442: 1438: 1437: 1432: 1429: 1425: 1424: 1419: 1416: 1415: 1410: 1407: 1403: 1402: 1398: 1397: 1389: 1388: 1383: 1379: 1378: 1373: 1370: 1367: 1363: 1362: 1357: 1354: 1353: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1335: 1331: 1328: 1327: 1322: 1319: 1318: 1313: 1310: 1309: 1305: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1281: 1277: 1274: 1273: 1269: 1266: 1262: 1261: 1257: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1245: 1241: 1240: 1231: 1230:Julia Sweeney 1227: 1224: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1209: 1205: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1194: 1190: 1187: 1186: 1182: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1171: 1167: 1164: 1160: 1159: 1155: 1152: 1148: 1147: 1146:Mistero Buffo 1143: 1140: 1136: 1135: 1131: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1117: 1113: 1112:self-deceived 1109: 1105: 1101: 1100: 1096: 1094: 1090: 1089: 1085: 1084: 1081: 1080: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1055: 1051: 1048: 1047: 1042: 1038: 1035: 1032: 1031: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1019: 1014: 1011: 1007: 1006: 1002: 1000: 996: 993: 991: 987: 986: 982: 979: 975: 974: 970: 968: 965: 961: 957: 953: 952: 947: 944: 942:has collapsed 941: 937: 934: 930: 929: 924: 920: 917: 915: 911: 910: 905: 903: 899: 898: 893: 891: 887: 886: 881: 878: 874: 870: 867: 866: 862: 858: 854: 850: 849: 844: 843: 838: 834: 830: 826: 822: 818: 817:Crimean Tatar 813: 801: 800: 795: 794:Douglas Adams 791: 788: 787: 778: 777: 773: 770: 769: 765: 762: 758: 757: 753: 750: 749: 745: 742: 741: 737: 734: 733:Ricky Gervais 730: 729: 725: 722: 721: 717: 714: 710: 709:Larry Charles 706: 705: 701: 698: 694: 693: 689: 686: 682: 681: 677: 674: 670: 666: 665: 661: 658: 657: 653: 650: 649: 645: 642: 641: 637: 634: 633: 629: 626: 625: 624: 619: 616: 612: 611: 607: 604: 600: 599: 595: 592: 588: 587: 583: 582: 574: 573: 568: 564: 558: 555: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543: 542:Douglas Adams 540: 538: 535: 533: 532:Theo van Gogh 530: 528: 527:Richard Pryor 525: 523: 522:Jim Jefferies 520: 518: 515: 513: 510: 508: 505: 503: 500: 498: 495: 493: 492:Doug Stanhope 490: 488: 487:Ricky Gervais 485: 483: 480: 478: 477:George Carlin 475: 473: 470: 468: 465: 464: 460: 459:George Carlin 455: 445: 435: 431: 425: 421: 420: 414: 405: 404: 395: 385: 381: 377: 373: 367: 366: 362: 357:This section 355: 346: 345: 337: 335: 331: 327: 323: 322: 321:Life of Brian 317: 312: 310: 306: 302: 298: 294: 290: 286: 282: 278: 271: 270:Pope Paul III 267: 266:Martin Luther 263: 262:Lucas Cranach 259: 256:in German or 255: 251: 246: 242: 234: 231: 216: 213: 205: 202:February 2011 195: 191: 185: 184: 178: 173: 164: 163: 154: 151: 143: 140:February 2011 132: 129: 125: 122: 118: 115: 111: 108: 104: 101: –  100: 96: 95:Find sources: 89: 85: 79: 78: 73:This article 71: 67: 62: 61: 56: 54: 47: 46: 41: 40: 35: 30: 21: 20: 3229: 3222: 3215: 3208: 3201: 3194: 3187: 3180: 3173: 3166: 3159: 3152: 3145: 3138: 3131: 3124: 2997:Christianity 2974:Zorostianism 2905:Anti-Judaism 2900:Antisemitism 2844:Christianity 2822:Bahá'i Faith 2579:Christianity 2569:Baháˈí Faith 2449:Spiritualism 2424:Hare Krishna 2414:Bahá'í Faith 2407:philosophies 2395: 2295: 2272: 2244: 2236:the original 2229: 2220: 2212: 2207: 2196: 2180: 2168:. Retrieved 2157: 2147: 2135:. Retrieved 2128: 2119: 2111: 2104:. Retrieved 2100:the original 2085: 2073:. Retrieved 2029: 1993: 1967: 1958: 1947: 1945: 1939: 1933: 1924: 1918: 1910: 1900: 1876: 1870: 1861: 1852: 1835: 1830: 1810: 1803: 1788:The Simpsons 1787: 1786:Religion in 1737: 1718: 1713: 1702: 1700: 1693: 1690: 1585: 1571:Zen Buddhism 1554:Balamangalam 1506:supernatural 1472:Betty Bowers 1446: 1434: 1430:(since 2006) 1427: 1421: 1417:(since 2005) 1414:Jesus and Mo 1412: 1399: 1385: 1377:The Simpsons 1375: 1372:Ned Flanders 1359: 1332: 1324: 1315: 1306: 1285:Christianity 1278: 1270: 1258: 1242: 1225: 1206: 1191: 1183: 1168: 1156: 1144: 1141:of the 1920s 1132: 1097: 1086: 1077: 1070:Frontispiece 1044: 1028: 1016: 1003: 994: 983: 971: 949: 946:Robert Burns 926: 922: 907: 895: 883: 868: 852: 846: 840: 832: 828: 797: 774: 766: 754: 746: 738: 726: 718: 702: 690: 678: 662: 654: 646: 638: 630: 622: 620: 608: 598:Elmer Gantry 596: 584: 570: 547:Monty Python 439: 417: 389: 359:may contain 358: 319: 313: 285:Aristophanes 276: 275: 257: 253: 249: 241: 226: 208: 199: 180: 146: 137: 127: 120: 113: 106: 94: 82:Please help 77:verification 74: 50: 43: 37: 36:Please help 33: 3301:New Atheism 3274:Agnosticism 3079:By country 3046:Persecution 2959:Sunni Islam 2922:Neopaganism 2910:Persecution 2883:Persecution 2871:Persecution 2832:Catholicism 2769:Ellen White 2685:Scientology 2680:Neopaganism 2562:By religion 2444:Scientology 2261:Works cited 1908:quotation: 1650:Purim Torah 1600:Scientology 1563:Greco-Roman 1511:resembling 1301:Scientology 1251:, from the 1217:Trey Parker 1179:Scientology 1123:manipulator 1021:(1971–2008) 1010:C. S. Lewis 962:within the 685:Kevin Smith 669:Trey Parker 537:Tim Minchin 502:Lenny Bruce 497:Pat Condell 297:Renaissance 194:introducing 3399:Categories 3279:Antitheism 3068:In Judaism 2964:Shia Islam 2861:Falun Gong 2670:Monotheism 2137:12 October 2106:12 October 1795:References 1746:festival. 1665:Pink Floyd 1394:On the web 1368:viewpoints 1350:Characters 1334:Blackadder 1326:Father Ted 1308:Family Guy 1280:South Park 1237:Television 1221:Matt Stone 1213:South Park 1185:Altar Boyz 1149:(1969) by 1102:(1736) by 1091:(1664) by 990:Mark Twain 936:comic poem 912:(1704) by 900:(1509) by 877:Al-Maʿarri 784:Characters 713:Bill Maher 704:Religulous 673:Matt Stone 572:Religulous 567:Bill Maher 512:Dave Allen 482:Bill Hicks 472:Bill Maher 361:irrelevant 177:references 110:newspapers 39:improve it 3360:Sexuality 3289:Criticism 3268:Movements 3093:In Odisha 3024:Christian 3019:Terrorism 3002:Mormonism 2949:Rastafari 2917:Mormonism 2812:Ahmadiyya 2695:Yazdânism 2653:Wahhabism 2211:Dyke, C: 2034:Wiesbaden 1976:May 2018. 1701:The film 1423:Mr. Deity 1337:episode " 1289:Mormonism 1263:episode " 1215:creators 1116:perverted 1041:absurdist 1027:'s novel 980:(1855–67) 964:Calvinist 960:hypocrisy 442:June 2023 434:talk page 392:June 2023 376:citations 45:talk page 3338:In Islam 3333:Apostasy 3105:Pakistan 3063:In Islam 2992:Buddhism 2866:Hinduism 2827:Buddhism 2784:Muhammad 2643:Islamism 2626:Hinduism 2584:Catholic 2574:Buddhism 2490:Muhammad 2164:Archived 2130:BBC News 2069:Archived 1906:pp.116–8 1750:See also 1695:Tartuffe 1669:Psalm 23 1628:Voltaire 1546:Dinkoism 1534:that is 1260:Futurama 1228:(2004), 1151:Dario Fo 1104:Voltaire 1088:Tartuffe 1076:'s play 1074:Voltaire 848:sharīʿah 829:Terjuman 380:reliable 316:censored 3365:Slavery 3296:Cārvāka 3284:Atheism 3100:Nigeria 3034:Islamic 3009:Judaism 2954:Sikhism 2895:Judaism 2817:Atheism 2690:Sikhism 2665:Judaism 2660:Jainism 2252:. 2006. 2231:YouTube 1710:Pythons 1680:Genesis 1611:Lolcats 1591:degree. 1575:beatnik 1532:unicorn 1528:goddess 1509:creator 1496:is the 1401:Sinfest 1293:Judaism 1093:Molière 948:' poem 857:Tbilisi 790:Zarquon 664:Orgazmo 648:Pray TV 428:Please 305:Erasmus 293:atheism 281:beliefs 190:improve 124:scholar 3380:Jewish 3375:Muslim 3039:Jewish 2969:Sufism 2743:Talmud 2726:Hadith 2454:Voodoo 2302:  2279:  2170:9 June 2075:9 June 2044:  2004:  1948:topics 1844:  1818:  1579:hippie 1466:People 1380:is an 1320:(2004) 1165:themes 1056:(2005) 1049:(2002) 1043:novel 1033:(1984) 1012:, 1943 906:Novel 894:Essay 842:takfīr 779:(2019) 771:(2018) 763:(2014) 751:(2013) 723:(2008) 715:(2008) 699:(2004) 692:Saved! 687:(1999) 675:(1997) 659:(1983) 651:(1980) 643:(1979) 635:(1975) 627:(1973) 617:(1963) 605:(1961) 593:(1930) 179:, but 126:  119:  112:  105:  97:  3328:Abuse 3117:Books 3083:India 3029:Hindu 3014:Islam 2937:Copts 2878:Islam 2856:Druze 2779:Moses 2774:Jesus 2759:Aisha 2721:Quran 2716:Bible 2638:Islam 2485:Jesus 2470:Devil 1744:X-Day 1661:Sheep 1654:Purim 1615:devil 1526:is a 1498:deity 1428:Bible 1343:Money 1297:Islam 1008:, by 873:Quran 680:Dogma 613:, by 601:, by 589:, by 131:JSTOR 117:books 2794:Saul 2300:ISBN 2277:ISBN 2172:2021 2139:2020 2108:2020 2077:2021 2042:ISBN 2002:ISBN 1928:p.20 1894:p.39 1842:ISBN 1816:ISBN 1644:Lego 1632:The 1594:The 1577:and 1567:Eris 1522:The 1492:The 1441:wiki 1439:, a 1433:The 1219:and 1200:and 1198:Utah 1177:and 1121:and 958:and 845:and 711:and 671:and 382:and 307:and 103:news 3058:War 2475:God 1550:BBC 1540:and 1374:of 1358:of 1249:BBC 1039:'s 976:by 921:'s 875:by 759:by 731:by 707:by 695:by 683:by 667:by 378:to 252:or 86:by 3401:: 2228:. 2187:; 2162:. 2156:. 2127:. 2110:. 2094:. 2056:^ 2036:: 2032:. 2016:^ 1982:^ 1972:. 1966:. 1885:^ 1712:, 1602:, 1299:, 1295:, 1291:, 1287:, 1114:, 863:). 796:' 756:PK 311:. 303:, 48:. 2547:e 2540:t 2533:v 2336:e 2329:t 2322:v 2308:. 2285:. 2191:. 2174:. 2141:. 2079:. 2050:. 2010:. 1674:" 1671:. 1659:" 1656:. 1646:. 1617:. 1519:. 1153:. 1129:. 925:( 444:) 440:( 436:. 426:. 394:) 390:( 386:. 368:. 233:) 227:( 215:) 209:( 204:) 200:( 186:. 153:) 147:( 142:) 138:( 128:· 121:· 114:· 107:· 80:. 55:) 51:(

Index

improve it
talk page
Learn how and when to remove these messages

verification
improve this article
adding citations to reliable sources
"Religious satire"
news
newspapers
books
scholar
JSTOR
Learn how and when to remove this message
references
inline citations
improve
introducing
Learn how and when to remove this message
Learn how and when to remove this message

Lucas Cranach
Martin Luther
Pope Paul III
beliefs
Aristophanes
political satire
atheism
Renaissance
Geoffrey Chaucer

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.