Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border

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Parliamentary counties of Northern Ireland and the twenty-six Parliamentary counties of Southern Ireland. I understand there is considerable doubt in the minds of lawyers and others as to whether these Parliamentary counties carry with them the ordinary territorial waters, extending three miles out from the shore. It has been asserted in some quarters that the Parliamentary counties only extend to low water mark. That has been exercising the minds of a good many people in Ulster, and I shall be glad if the Government in due course will inform the House what is their opinion on the subject and what steps they are taking to make it clear. ... Am I to understand that the Law Officers have actually considered this question, and that they have given a decision in favour of the theory that the territorial waters go with the counties that were included in the six counties of Northern Ireland?

28: 409: 250: 1071:, advertised prices for service stations and shops will change currency on crossing, although many places along the border will accept cross-border currency informally (albeit usually at a rate favourable to the trader). Other typical signs of crossing a European border are also noticeable. These include subtle differences in the paving materials of road surfaces and pavements, sometimes with visible differences in colour between materials across the border, changes to street lighting when crossing the border, (though these also vary across inter-county borders), and changes in the colour of postboxes (green in Ireland, red in Northern Ireland). 834:('Southern Ireland' being coterminous with the territory of the modern-day Irish state) was a matter of some controversy from the outset. The Government of Ireland Act 1920 did not explicitly address the position of territorial waters although Section 11(4) provided that neither Southern Ireland nor Northern Ireland would have any competence to make laws in respect of "Lighthouses, buoys, or beacons (except so far as they can consistently with any general Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom be constructed or maintained by a local harbour authority)". 3657: 60: 5697: 4080: 3647: 49: 652: 714: 1012: 358:

ultimately took place. The full report was not published until 1969- which did eventually confirm the accuracy of the earlier leak. The interim boundary was formalised in December 1925 by an inter-government agreement that was ratified by the three parliaments in London, Dublin and Belfast, without changes from the 1920 demarcation lines. The border agreement was then lodged with the

2128:"We are clear that we will not introduce fixed immigration controls on the land border between Northern Ireland and Ireland or on traffic from the Crown dependencies to the UK. However, mirroring activity in Ireland, the UK will consider increasing ad hoc immigration checks on vehicles in order to target non-CTA nationals on the Northern Ireland side of the land border." 893:

State is identical with the Northern Ireland defined in the Government of Ireland Act, 1920, and defined as consisting of named counties and boroughs. It is, I think, common case between us that in English law the counties do not include adjacent territorial waters and, therefore, according to our claim these territorial waters were retained by the Irish Free State.

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Ireland Act 1920. It states that "Northern Ireland shall consist of the parliamentary counties of Antrim, Armagh, Down, Fermanagh, Londonderry and Tyrone, and the parliamentary boroughs of Belfast and Londonderry, and Southern Ireland shall consist of so much of Ireland as is not comprised within the said parliamentary counties and boroughs."

841:, the status of the territorial waters naturally took on a significance it had not had before. Northern Ireland's Unionists were conscious of this matter from an early stage. They were keen to put it beyond doubt that the territorial waters around Northern Ireland would not belong to the Irish Free State. In this regard, 613:

is mostly limited to fuel, livestock and a seasonal trade in illegal fireworks, which are strictly regulated in Ireland – in both countries there are restrictions on the types which can be used and a licence is required to possess or use fireworks, but in Ireland such licences are seldom issued to private individuals.

593:. This meant that there was a heavy security presence around the city, often impeding traffic and general movement between Derry City and County Donegal. Despite these measures, the border was simply too long and had too many minor access roads to enable control of all cross-border movements. British Prime minister 1024:

difficult for those unfamiliar with landmarks known to locals as the crossing point. At some crossings, there are signs welcoming visitors to the relevant local government authority district or, occasionally, reminding motorists of the need to ensure that their insurance is valid in the relevant jurisdiction.

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e claim that the territorial waters around the whole island of Ireland are ours and our claim to the territorial waters around Northern Ireland is based on the Government of Ireland Act of 1920. This Act is so referred to in the 1921 Treaty that the Northern Ireland which withdrew from the Irish Free

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assured the House that "British authorities have no plans whatsoever to introduce any controls on the land border between North and South. I want to make that clear. All they are looking at is increased cross-border cooperation, targeting illegal immigrants." This immediately raised concerns north of

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The border is extremely irregular. Its irregularities were inherited from well-established county boundaries. The 499 km (310 mi) border is not explicitly described in statute but only implicitly inferred from the territorial definition of Northern Ireland as contained in the Government of

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stated that there was "no way we can patrol the 500 miles ". During the period, authorised crossing-points on the border remained open to civilian traffic in both directions at all times although vehicles and their occupants were subject to detailed searches while some crossing points were closed to

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2011 marked the first public agreement between the UK and Irish governments concerning the maintenance of the Common Travel Area. Officially entitled the "Joint Statement Regarding Co-Operation on Measures to Secure the External Common Travel Area Border", it was signed in Dublin on 20 December 2011

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One proposal is expected to suggest extending the electronic borders scheme, requiring travellers from Northern Ireland to provide their personal details in advance. This would mean residents of one part of the UK being treated differently from others when travelling within the country, something to

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In July 2008, the UK and Irish governments announced their intent to resume controls over their common border and the Common Travel Area in general. Each proposed to introduce detailed passport control over travellers from the other state, where travel is by air or sea. However, the land border will

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Customs controls were introduced on the frontier on 1 April 1923, shortly after the establishment of the Irish Free State. These controls were maintained, with varying degrees of severity, until 1 January 1993, when systematic customs checks were abolished between European Community member states as

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It is estimated that there are 300 major and minor crossings along the 499-kilometre (310 mi) border. The border is marked only by a small number of "Welcome To Northern Ireland" road signs on the UK side, placed there by the Northern Ireland Roads Service. This can make identifying the border

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within the Withdrawal Agreement that would put Northern Ireland under a range of EU rules in order to forestall the need for border checks. This was opposed by the subsequent British government as producing an effective border between Great Britain and Northern Ireland. In late October 2019, the UK

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Difficulty in patrolling parts of the border and large taxation/currency differences (particularly during the 1980s) led to widespread smuggling. However, greater European integration led to roughly similar tax rates on most items and easing of restrictions on cross-border trade. Smuggling nowadays

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Thatcher's frustration had grown on receiving reports from British intelligence sources that the PIRA continued to use the Republic of Ireland as a safe haven she regularly lambasted the Irish, complaining the PIRA were using the border she would routinely say: "There is no way we can patrol the

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there has never been any formal agreement between Ireland and the United Kingdom on the delimitation of a territorial water boundary between the two states. In the context of the Good Friday Agreement, a decision was taken to co-operate on foreshore and other issues that arise in the management of

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It is crucial that our two countries work closely together to ensure our borders are stronger than ever. Both governments fully recognise the particular circumstances of Northern Ireland. Both governments reaffirm that they have no plans to introduce fixed controls on either side of the Irish land

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powers to stop and search vessels on Lough Foyle. Cosgrave asserted all of Lough Foyle was Free State territory and that as such a bill of that nature would be rejected by the Free State and its introduction would create "a very serious situation". Cosgrave then raised the matter with the British

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As a remnant of 17th-century county limits, the border's physical profile indicates that it follows many watercourses but only in the highlands of the Cavan-Fermanagh section could the border be said to accord with any significant physical impediments to movement. There are around 270 road border

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The Troubles in Northern Ireland required that attempts were made from the early 1970s until the late 1990s to enforce border controls. Many smaller cross-border roads were cratered or blockaded by the British Army with the intention of making them impassable to regular traffic. Bridges were also

2015:

Paymaster-General, Sir John Cope, House of Common Debates volume 208 column 556-7W (3 June 1992): "With the creation of the single market, fiscal frontiers between member states will disappear. As from 1 January 1993, there will be no routine or systematic customs formalities and goods will move

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Generally, signposts in Ireland which indicate distances to destinations are bilingual (in Irish and English) and give distances in kilometres while such signposts in Northern Ireland are only in English and give distances in miles. On larger roads, the approximate location of the border can be

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Another important matter on which I should like a statement of the Government's intentions, is with regard to the territorial waters surrounding Ulster. Under the Act of 1920, the areas handed over to the Governments of Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland respectively, were defined as the six

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The commission recommended parcels of land be transferred in both directions, primarily "in accordance with the wishes of the inhabitants". The data was partially leaked to the press in 1925. Westminster urged the commissioners to suppress the rest of the document, and so no exchanges of land

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During Dáil debates on the Carlingford Fisheries Bill, a contributor to the debate stated that he welcomed "the Bill's aim of defining the area of jurisdiction over the Foyle". However, the Irish Foyle and Carlingford Fisheries Act 2007 does not mention this issue; neither does the virtually

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There are other immediate indicators when crossing the border: differences in the design of road signage and a change in road markings. The hard shoulder on non-motorway roads in Ireland is marked with a yellow, usually broken, line. The same marking in Northern Ireland is white and usually

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The UK position is that the whole of Lough Foyle is within the UK. We recognise that the Irish Government does not accept this position The regulation of activities in the Lough is now the responsibility of the Loughs Agency, a cross-border body established under the Belfast Agreement of

1937:

MFPP Working Paper No. 2, "The Creation and Consolidation of the Irish Border" by KJ Rankin and published in association with Institute for British-Irish Studies, University College Dublin and Institute for Governance, Queen's University, Belfast (also printed as IBIS working paper no.

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was a "lone voice" in warning that the commission would involve an exercise "in transferring from the jurisdiction of the Government of Northern Ireland certain people and certain districts which that Government cannot govern; and by giving instead to Northern Ireland, certain other

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9 km (6 mi) wide, making it more convenient for some journeys from Donegal to other parts of the Republic of Ireland to pass through Northern Ireland. Third, for only two relatively short sections of the border does it align with the provincial boundary of nine county

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The border has some distinctive features. Firstly, how irregular it is: the border is about four times the straight-line distance between Lough Foyle and Carlingford Lough. Second, County Donegal is only connected to the rest of the Republic of Ireland by a territorial

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met in 1924–25 to fix a permanent border between the two jurisdictions "in accordance with the wishes of the inhabitants, so far as may be compatible with economic and geographic conditions". The manner in which the Boundary Commission clause was drafted in the

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The border is linked with 268 (often approximated as "up to 275") border crossing points. Every month approximately 177,000 lorries, 208,000 vans, and 1,850,000 cars cross the border. Around 30,000 people cross the border daily to commute.

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plan that might end the Common Travel Area encompassing the United Kingdom and Ireland (and also the Isle of Man and Channel Islands) in 2009, possibly creating an anomalous position for Northern Ireland in the process. In a statement to

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determined by signs reminding the driver of the change in units. In Northern Ireland, place-name and street/road-name signs are usually (but not always) English-only and street/road-name signs are more standardised and extensively used.

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to traffic in either direction. The Common Travel Area between the UK and Ireland, EU integration and the demilitarisation of the border following the 1998 Good Friday Agreement resulted in an open border by default. Following the

3643: 1837:(PDF) by KJ Rankin and published in association with Institute for British-Irish Studies, University College Dublin and Institute for Governance, Queen's University, Belfast (also printed as IBIS working paper no. 48) 1094:

As in most places, radio signals from the cellular networks on both sides of the border often travel several kilometres (a few miles) across it. This was a source of annoyance to those resident in border areas when

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in the then Irish Free State. A court case in the Free State in 1923 relating to fishing rights in Lough Foyle held that the Free State's territorial waters ran right up to the shore of County Londonderry. In 1927,

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reported that another consultation paper was to be published in the autumn of 2008 on whether people travelling between Northern Ireland and the rest of the United Kingdom should be subject to further checks.

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was only explicit in its ambiguity. Amongst politicians in Southern Ireland, there was remarkably little attention paid to the clause during the debates on the Treaty. The Republican activist

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under the joint authority of the Dublin and Belfast governments, which solved problems of jurisdiction without addressing the sovereignty question. The commission was superseded by the

3568: 3713: 3599: 2744:"The Maritime Border Areas of Ireland, North and South: An Assessment of Present Jurisdictional Ambiguities and International Precedents Relating to Delimitation of 'Border Bays'" 2118: 897:

A particular dispute arose between the Government of the Irish Free State of the one part and the Northern Ireland and UK governments of the other part over territorial waters in

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in Northern Ireland, there were British military checkpoints on main border crossings and UK security forces made the remaining crossings impassable. By about 2005, in phase with

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charges were incurred with most service providers if the phone connects to the "wrong" network when making or even receiving a call. Inter-member mobile phone roaming charges

354:, so that not only under this Treaty are we going to partition Ireland, not only are we going to partition Ulster, but we are going to partition even the counties of Ulster." 3022: 2571: 735:

between Fermanagh-Leitrim and Armagh-Louth. And lastly, as the border skirts Tyrone to the west and again to the south east, it encompasses County Fermanagh on three sides.

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By rail, there is no immediate sign of crossing the border, but the trackside mileage markers change from Irish-style markers at the 59.75-mile (96.16 km) post (from

675:. The Irish government, the UK government and EU representatives, all stated that they did not wish for a hard border in Ireland due to the sensitive nature of the border. 5664: 3578: 1019:, in the Republic of Ireland, warning drivers travelling south across the border that metric speed limits are used in ROI, whereas the UK uses imperial units in driving. 609:(PIRA), had a measure of "safe haven" over the border. The PIRA also raised money in the Republic, mostly through bank robberies, and undertook "cross border raids". 3796: 3583: 664: 4515: 865:

However, this interpretation that the territorial waters went with the counties was later disputed by Irish governments. On 29 February 1972, the then Taoiseach,

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continuous. In Northern Ireland, roads use A (major) and B (minor) route prefixes, whereas Ireland's route prefixes are M (motorway) N (major, standing for

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Between 270 and 300 roads cross the border, with some roads crossing the border more than once. While some roads cross the border twice or three times, the

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When the territory that initially was Southern Ireland ultimately became a separate self-governing dominion outside the United Kingdom known as the

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and (as of 2021) Northern Ireland (the only exception within the UK and only in some respects) and the Republic of Ireland are participants in the

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Exit Analysis Branch identified fifteen principal points near border crossings in 2018, so they could be used as inspection points in case a post-

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sometimes draws inspiration from his upbringing along the border as well as societal issues which affect the people living there. His 2020 album

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on Lough Foyle had become so grave that Northern Ireland Prime Minister James Craig entered into correspondence with his Free State counterpart,

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destroyed to prevent access at unauthorised border crossings (known officially as "unapproved roads"). In particular, the border area in south

416:, Northern Ireland. The Republic of Ireland begins just in front of the speed signs and lies to the north of Northern Ireland at this location. 2981: 5746: 4083: 3621: 3187: 849:

put the following question in the British House of Commons on 27 November 1922 (the month before the establishment of the Irish Free State):

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crossings, with some roads traversing the border several times. Similarly, before its closure in 1957, a section of one railway line between

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Border definition (ie the demarcation of borders between two internationally recognised sovereign states with an adjoining territorial or

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identical British "Foyle and Carlingford Fisheries (Northern Ireland) Order 2007": each merely refers to "the Commission's waters".

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crossed the border six times in 13 km (8 mi), initially with customs checks at each crossing. Further railways including

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that it would be "intolerable and preposterous if citizens of the UK had to present a passport to enter another part of the UK".

2624: 435:, it has never been necessary for Irish or British citizens to produce a passport to cross the border. However during the 1970s 5751: 4825: 4709: 4369: 3437: 2419: 1128:, first published in 1963. It is set in 1924 and details the troubles brought to the fictional Irish village of Puckoon by the 5627: 4658: 3971: 3682: 2266: 672: 2597: 5776: 5529: 4912: 4798: 3954: 3803: 3651: 2355: 2213: 1658: 927:

that its fishing rights in the Foyle were being violated by poachers from the Donegal side led to the 1952 creation of the

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gained notability tweeting as the Irish border in the first person, and the implications that Brexit would have for it.

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As well as immigration and trade, a range of other issues of cross border cooperation, such as on health, were raised.

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speed limits, warning signs have been placed on either side of the border to alert motorists to the change to or from

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established for the whole island of Ireland on 6 December 1922. The border became an international frontier after the

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from 15 June 2017. As of January 2019, it remains to be seen whether this arrangement will continue after

4897: 4270: 3891: 3873: 1772: 1720: 1693: 1671: 1622: 1551: 1277: 1207: 1078:) to black-on-yellow markers, common to the United Kingdom, at the 60-mile (96.56 km) post, between 799: 688: 644: 140: 3395: 5602: 5241: 4907: 4601: 4056: 3781: 3723: 3672: 3554: 3143:

The man behind the account, who wants to remain anonymous, has lived on both sides of the Irish border.

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Official report: debate on the Treaty between Great Britain and Ireland, 1922: 155, (22 December 1921).

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were assigned to Northern Ireland, and the rest of Ireland comprising 26 counties to Southern Ireland.

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The following cities, towns and villages are located on the border or not far from it (listed from

631:, military electronic surveillance and permanent vehicle checkpoints have been replaced by routine 370: 3420: 2678: 277:

in Dublin, which did not recognise the Government of Ireland Act, and was actively engaged in the

5622: 5571: 5287: 5039: 4788: 4648: 4454: 4399: 4389: 4356: 4189: 4101: 3840: 3835: 3808: 2930: 2869: 2383:'Onus on British to resolve Irish border issue for Brexit: Irish Foreign Affairs Minister Coveney 1970: 1740: 1480: 1079: 947: 943: 811: 385: 2887: 1132:

when the new border passes directly through the village. It was later made into a film in 2002.

946:), the territorial waters are not disputed in practice between the two states. Their respective 5642: 5519: 5145: 4665: 4520: 4409: 4360: 1762: 1502: 1261: 740: 679: 254: 204: 2199: 695:

that commits the UK to maintaining an open border in Ireland, so that (in many respects), the

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all involved parties to maintaining an open border in Ireland, so that (in many respects) the

5304: 5275: 4808: 3868: 3850: 3830: 3733: 3718: 3518: 3377: 3242: 2783: 2205: 1790: 1735: 1083: 1041: 1006: 771: 744: 456: 3045: 862:, said that "I have considered the question, and I have given an opinion that that is so ". 5674: 5441: 5212: 5189: 4974: 4860: 4714: 4689: 4558: 4379: 4351: 3738: 3485: 1303: 1235: 1129: 874: 240: 101: 1889:

The island of Ireland was partitioned into two distinct regions of the United Kingdom, by

1214:, was described by Lennon as a "solid border album", including a song named "Border Lad". 8: 5549: 5451: 5347: 5235: 5080: 4770: 4760: 4670: 4346: 4203: 4184: 4138: 3845: 3646: 3164: 2679:"Dail Eireann debate: Committee on Finance. Adjournment Debate: Illegality of Internment" 1064: 602: 428: 298: 185: 53: 48: 5376: 2443: 991:

A corresponding statement was made by Conor Lenihan, then an Irish Government Minister:

5576: 5509: 5504: 5431: 5414: 5332: 5019: 5014: 4947: 4576: 4444: 4394: 4331: 4306: 4302: 4220: 4164: 3927: 3708: 3321:"More than 45 million vehicles crossing border between north and the Republic annually" 3247: 2026: 1750: 1698: 1689: 1685: 1676: 1667: 1645: 1636: 1618: 1245: 1203: 1179: 902: 795: 787: 760: 683: 468: 421: 413: 334: 309: 200: 131: 2808: 2201:

Margaret Thatcher, the Conservative Party and the Northern Ireland Conflict, 1975-1990

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protest against a hard border. Post-Brexit border controls are a controversial issue.

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Division and Consensus: The Politics of Cross-border Relations in Ireland, 1925-1969

2001:

O'Kane, Paul (29 December 1992). "500 Customs workers are redeployed to new tasks".

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Border markings are inconspicuous, in common with many inter-state borders in the

5566: 5494: 5489: 5319: 5197: 5124: 4765: 4449: 4424: 4061: 3692: 3489: 3399: 3301: 3192: 2985: 1524: 1469: 1359:, as the border passes through the town but most of it is on the 'northern' side) 970:) is politically disputed Ireland UK (Lough Foyle, Carlingford Lough—quiescent) 967: 911: 885: 343: 282: 3402:"online searchable database of cross-border information" (funding ended in 2009) 215:, this border is also the frontier between the EU and a non-member country. The 5701: 5597: 5436: 5424: 5202: 4265: 4249: 4199: 3656: 3469: 2651:"IRISH FREE STATE (CONSEQUENTIAL PROVISIONS) BILL. (Hansard, 27 November 1922)" 1598: 1402: 1393: 1384: 1366: 1356: 1287: 1125: 1060: 1049: 915: 906: 590: 377: 351: 328:

on 7 December 1922. The partition of 1921 created only a provisional boundary;

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Government of Ireland Act 1920, Section 1 Clause 2 (10 & 11 Geo. 5 c.67)).

2356:"EU pledges NO hard border in Ireland - but admits 'creative' solution needed" 1835:

MFPP Working Paper No. 2, "The Creation and Consolidation of the Irish Border"

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journey through the hinterlands of the Irish Border", explored such themes as

918:. Craig indicated to Cosgrave that he proposed to introduce a bill giving the 392:

formally declared that the state was a republic with the official description

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are mainly black/white/red triangles or circles (the same as the rest of the

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between Ireland and the United Kingdom concerning Lough Foyle (and similarly

578: 228: 2840:. Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons, Westminster 2401:"The 'backstop' was a British proposal, not one tabled by Ireland or the EU" 2245:

Ulster Unionists called the Republic of Ireland a safe haven for terrorists

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House of Lords; European Union Committee; 6th Report of Session 2016–2017;

2171: 2167:"Will Brexit reopen old wounds with a new hard border in Northern Ireland?" 1894: 1767: 1546: 1441: 1411: 1362: 1340: 1184: 1174: 1148: 1016: 589:, the second-largest city in Northern Ireland, is close to the border with 582: 571: 550: 546: 511: 507: 485: 480: 448: 436: 432: 347: 2809:"Maritime Jurisdiction (Boundaries of Exclusive Economic Zone) Order 2014" 2284:

Republic of Ireland played integral role in supporting IRA, says historian

656: 5543: 5456: 5155: 5099: 5060: 4321: 3219: 3097: 3065:"Brexit: anonymous Twitter account gives droll voice to Irish border row" 2288: 2259:

A Broad Church: The Provisional IRA in the Republic of Ireland, 1969–1980

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CO-OPERATION ON MEASURES TO SECURE THE EXTERNAL COMMON TRAVEL AREA BORDER

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walked the length of the border, later releasing a travel book entitled

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The Tories' cheap promises on the Irish border could lose them IndyRef2

1914:

Introduced by Geoffrey J. Hand (Shannon: Irish University Press, 1969)

1530: 1518: 1465: 1435: 1314: 866: 819: 651: 5281: 2946:; published on 12 December 2016 by the authority of the House of Lords 2059:"New border control will abolish free movement between UK and Ireland" 1183:

was produced by the BBC. In 2018, an anonymous Twitter account called

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The exact division of territorial waters between Northern Ireland and

5669: 5390: 5174: 5029: 5004: 4979: 4404: 3991: 2304:"The Good Friday Agreement, the Irish backstop and Brexit | #TheCube" 1496: 1490: 1447: 1407: 1398: 1389: 1308: 498: 477: 224: 5355: 5075: 1958:"The Boundary Commission Debacle 1925, aftermath & implications" 1893:

on 3 May 1921 (Statutory Rules & Orders published by authority (

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Irish border checks will be impossible after Brexit, says ambassador

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road crosses the border four times within 10 km (6.2 mi).

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Despite measures taken by the Irish government during the Troubles,

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However, in 2011, the governments renewed the 'de facto' agreement.

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established after the Good Friday Agreement under the remit of the

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For as long as both states remain members of the EU (and thus the

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in Northern Ireland. As of 2007, the busiest such roads were the

727: 618: 462: 439:, security forces regularly asked travellers for identification. 177: 3714:

Judicial Committee of the Privy Council and the Irish Free State

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Strengthening the common travel area: a consultation paper (PDF)

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European Union (Croatian Accession and Irish Protocol) Act 2013

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In order to forestall this, and to prevent a backdoor into the

668: 290: 212: 2988:", Report of ComReg/Ofcom Joint Working Group, 19 January 2005 2235:"The IRA Assassination of Lord Mountbatten: Facts and Fallout" 2094:"British and Irish governments in illegal immigrant crackdown" 5419: 4989: 3373: 3188:"Jinx Lennon: Pet Rent – Unorthodox, intriguing and overlong" 2469:"Exploring the Border: A frontier marked by myriad crossings" 1566: 1557: 1512: 1250: 586: 2931:

Seanad debates: Wednesday, 10 June 2009 (Territorial waters)

598:

vehicle traffic at night when customs posts were unstaffed.

3997:

Independent Commission for the Location of Victims' Remains

2033:. Border Roads to Memories and Reconciliation Peace Project 1135:

Irish touring cyclist and author of adventure travel books

1068: 2522:"Sixty years since Border rail transport ran out of steam" 1605:

deal collapsed. The border crossings these relate to are:

5107: 3306: 3271:"Jinx Lennon – Border Schizo FFFOlk Songs For The Fuc**d" 3243:"Jinx Lennon's new album a unique take on modern Ireland" 2957:"'Welcome to Northern Ireland' signs spark political row" 459:, the last remaining controls were definitively removed. 671:

made the Republic of Ireland-Northern Ireland border an

4536:

List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland

4002:

Independent International Commission on Decommissioning

3749:

State visit by Michael D. Higgins to the United Kingdom

3126:"The Irish border and Brexit explained by @BorderIrish" 960:

Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs

708: 261:

Originally intended as an internal boundary within the

3744:

State visit by Elizabeth II to the Republic of Ireland

3729:

1998 Northern Ireland Good Friday Agreement referendum

2444:

Brexit: Hard border 'could risk patient care' says BMA

1177:

about a fictional post-Brexit border patrol named the

539: 3797:

R v Secretary of State for Home Affairs, ex p O'Brien

2330:"Brexit and the history of policing the Irish border" 1971:

Treaty (Confirmation of Amending Agreement) Act, 1925

4266:

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

3935:

British nationality law and the Republic of Ireland

2801: 2748:

The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law

2088: 2086: 2084: 3012: 2776: 2703: 2701: 2699: 2547:"Irish army identifies 300 border crossing points" 1420:, County Fermanagh (linked to Blacklion by bridge) 4629:List of national parks of the Republic of Ireland 2420:"Brexit and Northern Ireland, a challenging deal" 2256: 825: 5713: 3090: 2081: 275:separatist Irish parliament had been established 5475:Association football in the Republic of Ireland 3093:"The Border has decided it's time to go public" 2696: 2604:. Independent News & Media. 20 January 2010 2140: – The Home Office December 2012 1089: 770:The larger and busier border crossings include 506:be 'lightly controlled'. In a joint statement, 4037:Foyle, Carlingford and Irish Lights Commission 3376:promotes "Cross-border Cooperation" under the 2232: 933:Foyle, Carlingford and Irish Lights Commission 663:The UK voted to leave the European Union in a 467:In October 2007, details began to emerge of a 463:Dropped proposals to reinstate border controls 403: 289:(which included three of the nine counties of 4109: 3629: 3445: 3123: 3014:"When are EU roaming charges being scrapped?" 2197: 1912:Report of the Irish Boundary Commission, 1925 1198:, self-described as a "psychedelic punk-folk 1151:and wrote of the experience in her 1978 book 810:A 1988 treaty demarcates the boundary of the 213:United Kingdom's exit from the European Union 3688:Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Ireland 3678:Ambassadors of Ireland to the United Kingdom 3062: 2858:Dáil Éireann – Volume 629 – 14 December 2006 1933: 1931: 1929: 1927: 1830: 1828: 1818: 1816: 1787:The Northern Ireland Land Boundary 1923–1992 774:in the Republic of Ireland which connect to 4238:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 4027:North/South Inter-Parliamentary Association 3478:International land and maritime boundaries: 3240: 3215:"BORDER SCHIZO FFFOLK SONGS FOR THE FUC**D" 2735: 2463: 2461: 2164: 2052: 2050: 2048: 1196:"Border Schizo FFFolk Songs For The Fuc**d" 396:while not changing its name, which remains 265:, the border was created in 1921 under the 263:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 5772:Historical geography of the United Kingdom 5661:Public holidays in the Republic of Ireland 4116: 4102: 4017:British–Irish Intergovernmental Conference 3636: 3622: 3452: 3438: 2000: 1784: 818:from the south Irish Sea southwest to the 362:on 8 February 1926, making it a matter of 285:in Ireland, with separate parliaments for 172:, runs for 499 km (310 mi) from 154:not officially marked by either government 122:Northern Ireland opt out of the Free State 26: 5732:1921 establishments in the United Kingdom 5722:Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border 4084:Category:Ireland–United Kingdom relations 3918:Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border 2759: 1924: 1825: 1822:Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland, 1999 1813: 1157:, including encounters along the border. 1067:. As the United Kingdom does not use the 869:, summarised the Irish position during a 342:districts—unionist districts of Counties 162:Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border 21:Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border 5480:Association football in Northern Ireland 3268: 2784:"The Exclusive Economic Zone Order 2013" 2458: 2056: 2045: 1847: 1845: 1843: 1286:, County Donegal (linked to Strabane by 1167:Bad Blood: A Walk Along the Irish Border 1010: 712: 650: 407: 248: 4676:Demographics of the Republic of Ireland 3001:", RTÉ News, Wednesday, 8 February 2006 2868:Book (eISB), electronic Irish Statute. 2867: 2741: 2708:Kennedy, Michael J. (15 January 2018). 2707: 2539: 2519: 2378: 2376: 1907: 1905: 1903: 1726:Foreign relations of the United Kingdom 1592: 442: 5714: 3460:Borders of the United Kingdom and its 3185: 2870:"electronic Irish Statute Book (eISB)" 2714:. Institute of Public Administration. 2398: 2353: 2193: 2191: 2189: 1206:, pride in rural Ireland and the 2014 1110: 858:In response the Attorney General, Sir 717:Map of Northern Ireland and the border 326:its right to opt out of the Free State 4945: 4735: 4556: 4162: 4097: 3972:Irish head of state from 1922 to 1949 3683:Embassy of the United Kingdom, Dublin 3617: 3433: 3157: 3153: 3151: 3091:Freya McClements (24 February 2018). 3043: 3010: 2622: 2520:Edwards, Rodney (25 September 2017). 2493: 2437: 2327: 2321: 2301: 2016:freely across internal EC frontiers." 1840: 1300:(linked to Lifford by Lifford Bridge) 1217: 1173:Following the Brexit vote in 2016, a 638: 4022:British–Irish Parliamentary Assembly 3804:Irish neutrality during World War II 3056: 3025:from the original on 12 January 2022 2373: 1900: 1785:Denton, Gilbert; Fahy, Tony (1993). 1659:Senator George Mitchell Peace Bridge 1101:were abolished in the European Union 709:Distinctive physical characteristics 549:and Ireland's Minister for Justice, 514:, the Irish Justice Minister, said: 308:, and the subsequent signing of the 3965:Shinty-Hurling International Series 3117: 3084: 3046:"'It's fantastical, magical stuff'" 2446: – BBC, 2 June 2017 2417: 2257:Gearóid Ó Faoleán (23 April 2019). 2233:Lesley Kennedy (13 November 2020). 2186: 1746:British nationality law and Ireland 1190:The work of Irish folk-punk singer 623: 540:The 2011 inter-government agreement 217:Brexit withdrawal agreement commits 13: 5757:Borders of the Republic of Ireland 4705:Tourism in the Republic of Ireland 4480:Economy of the Republic of Ireland 4278:Irish Free State (1922–1937) 4123: 3421:"Perspectives on the Irish Border" 3179: 3148: 2261:. Merrion Press. pp. 52, 78. 847:Prime Minister of Northern Ireland 805: 751:crossed the border several times. 545:by the UK's immigration minister, 510:, the British Home Secretary, and 281:. The Act was intended to deliver 184:in the north-east, separating the 14: 5788: 4490:Post-2008 Irish economic downturn 4007:Independent Monitoring Commission 3425:Review of Irish Studies in Europe 3367: 3158:Roddy, Margaret (24 April 2021). 3124:Meabh Ritchie (7 December 2018). 3063:Rory Carroll (24 November 2018). 2623:Janes, Andrew (7 November 2013). 2198:Stephen Kelly (14 January 2021). 1055:Since the adoption by Ireland of 1000: 754: 607:Provisional Irish Republican Army 494:Member of the European Parliament 412:The border on the Lenamore Road, 5747:Ireland–United Kingdom relations 5695: 4659:Tallest buildings and structures 4079: 4078: 3955:England–Ireland football rivalry 3940:Irish migration to Great Britain 3897:The Republic of Ireland Act 1948 3655: 3652:Ireland–United Kingdom relations 3645: 3269:McKevitt, Julie (10 July 2020). 3186:Murphy, Lauren (15 April 2022). 2999:Follow O2 roaming move – Dempsey 2418:Col, Martino Da (4 April 2021). 2302:Barry, Sinead (21 August 2019). 2098:The Times & The Sunday Times 2057:Sharrock, D. (25 October 2007). 1355:(part of Belleek is actually in 925:The Honourable The Irish Society 234: 58: 47: 5742:1921 in international relations 5727:European Union external borders 4032:North/South Ministerial Council 3764:2020 Northern Ireland Agreement 3388:North/South Ministerial Council 3374:Centre for Cross Border Studies 3350: 3313: 3288: 3262: 3234: 3207: 3037: 3004: 2991: 2971: 2949: 2936: 2924: 2898: 2880: 2861: 2852: 2826: 2671: 2656:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) 2643: 2631:. London: The National Archives 2616: 2590: 2564: 2513: 2487: 2475:. Irish Times. 1 September 2018 2449: 2411: 2392: 2347: 2295: 2275: 2250: 2226: 2165:O'Hagan, Sean (23 April 2017). 2158: 2143: 2131: 2112: 2019: 2009: 1994: 1985: 1976: 1964: 1076:Dublin Connolly railway station 1042:Road signs in both the Republic 980:Foreign and Commonwealth Office 937:North/South Ministerial Council 565: 207:, the border is essentially an 164:, sometimes referred to as the 5737:1921 establishments in Ireland 4495:Post-2008 Irish banking crisis 3960:Composite rules shinty–hurling 3241:O'Byrne, Ellie (12 May 2020). 3011:Paris, Natalie (8 June 2017). 2494:Moore, Cormac (21 June 2016). 2354:Millar, Joey (31 March 2017). 1982:Denton and Fahy 1993, pp.19–20 1950: 1941: 1883: 1871: 873:debate on the legal status of 826:Waters around Northern Ireland 794:route (Letterkenny/Derry) and 629:Northern Ireland peace process 532:which Unionists would object. 322:Parliament of Northern Ireland 271:Government of Ireland Act 1920 98:Government of Ireland Act 1920 1: 5752:Borders of the United Kingdom 4557: 4047:The North/South Language Body 3945:Ireland–Isle of Man relations 3547:Land and maritime boundaries: 3160:"Jinx goes back to his roots" 2598:"M1 route only third busiest" 1806: 1036:) and R (minor, standing for 982:underlined its view in 2009: 312:, led to the creation of the 5560:Northern Ireland flags issue 4736: 4511:List of conflicts in Ireland 4255:Southern Ireland (1921–1922) 3950:British Isles naming dispute 3539:British Overseas Territories 2979:Cross-border telecoms issues 2959:. The Journal. 7 August 2012 2906:"Foyle 'loughed' in dispute" 2328:Smith, Evan (20 July 2016). 1880:the Guardian 8 February 2017 1731:Foreign relations of Ireland 1210:. His 2021 follow-up album, 1090:Mobile phone roaming charges 1015:A bilingual traffic sign in 390:Republic of Ireland Act 1948 199:. As the two states share a 7: 5777:Borders of Northern Ireland 4946: 4531:Gaelic clothing and fashion 4163: 3892:Statute of Westminster 1931 3874:Anglo-Irish Trade Agreement 3044:Flynn, Bob (23 July 2002). 1991:Denton and Fahy 1993, p.iii 1773:Brexit and the Irish border 1708: 1587:, County Louth/South Armagh 1238:, Inishowen, County Donegal 1208:Garda whistleblower scandal 901:. Lough Foyle lies between 689:Brexit withdrawal agreement 645:Brexit and the Irish border 404:Customs and identity checks 141:Brexit Withdrawal Agreement 10: 5793: 4057:Special EU Programmes Body 3782:Irish revolutionary period 3724:Downing Street Declaration 3673:Embassy of Ireland, London 3412:Queen's University Belfast 2944:Brexit: UK-Irish Relations 2838:publications.parliament.uk 2742:Symmons, Clive R. (2009). 1778: 1139:travelled by bicycle from 1004: 929:Foyle Fisheries Commission 802:route (Lifford/Strabane). 772:national primary (N) roads 665:referendum on 23 June 2016 642: 569: 556: 419: 238: 5691: 5590: 5528: 5465: 5405: 5318: 5266: 5221: 5188: 5133: 5098: 5048: 4967: 4958: 4954: 4941: 4876: 4779: 4748: 4744: 4731: 4641: 4569: 4565: 4552: 4503: 4291: 4175: 4171: 4158: 4134: 4075: 3910: 3884: 3861: 3787:Irish War of Independence 3774: 3759:Northern Ireland Protocol 3701: 3665: 3537: 3468: 3416:University College Dublin 3410:2004–06 joint project of 3398:27 September 2017 at the 3300:24 September 2015 at the 2984:30 September 2007 at the 2731:– via Google Books. 2126:UK Government Web Archive 1508:Middletown, County Armagh 1486:Aughnacloy, County Tyrone 1353:Belleek, County Fermanagh 1273:Carrigans, County Donegal 1212:"Liferafts for Latchicos" 1141:Lismore, County Waterford 1046:those in Northern Ireland 920:Royal Ulster Constabulary 693:Northern Ireland Protocol 691:which contains a revised 605:militants, including the 490:Democratic Unionist Party 488:, a former member of the 306:Irish War of Independence 279:Irish War of Independence 267:United Kingdom Parliament 245:Irish Boundary Commission 147: 136:Northern Ireland Protocol 127: 112:7 December 1922 108: 84: 79: 75:499 km (310 mi) 71: 42: 37: 25: 20: 3977:East–West Interconnector 3754:Stormont House Agreement 3343: 2761:10.1163/157180809X455584 2578:. Reuters. 23 March 2018 1257:Bridgend, County Donegal 948:exclusive economic zones 905:in Northern Ireland and 812:exclusive economic zones 297:. Six of the thirty-two 32:A map showing the border 5652:Prostitution (Republic) 3841:Christopher Ewart-Biggs 3836:Flagstaff Hill incident 3423:(2023) Vol. 6 No. 2 of 2874:www.irishstatutebook.ie 2385: – The 2124:10 January 2014 at the 1741:British nationality law 1721:British–Irish relations 1481:Clones, County Monaghan 944:Common Fisheries Policy 786:route (Dundalk/Newry), 776:primary route (A) roads 700:border is the Irish Sea 4521:List of Irish kingdoms 2892:www.legislation.gov.uk 2031:borderroadmemories.com 1763:Repartition of Ireland 1503:Caledon, County Tyrone 1337:(separated by a river) 1262:Killea, County Donegal 1020: 998: 989: 972: 923:government. Claims by 895: 856: 749:Great Northern Railway 718: 680:European Single Market 660: 622:, the border presents 616:While it still exists 534: 521: 417: 381: 304:The conclusion of the 258: 205:European Single Market 5762:International borders 5628:Mass media (Republic) 5572:National coat of arms 4460:IRA Northern Campaign 4012:British–Irish Council 3869:Anglo-Irish trade war 3851:1992 Coalisland riots 3831:Sunningdale Agreement 3734:Good Friday Agreement 3719:Anglo-Irish Agreement 3596:Caribbean Netherlands 3378:Good Friday Agreement 2206:Bloomsbury Publishing 1791:HM Customs and Excise 1736:Irish nationality law 1329:, County Donegal and 1147:during the height of 1014: 1007:Road signs in Ireland 993: 984: 964: 890: 851: 716: 654: 529: 516: 457:Good Friday Agreement 411: 369:The Irish Free State 330:a Boundary Commission 252: 176:in the north-west of 5767:Geography of Ireland 5550:County coats of arms 5442:List of Irish people 4516:List of Irish tribes 4366:Cromwellian conquest 4352:Plantation of Ulster 4283:Ireland (since 1922) 3739:St Andrews Agreement 3560:Maritime boundaries: 3516:Internal boundaries: 3496:Maritime boundaries: 3462:Overseas Territories 3380:; spinoff websites: 2910:Londonderry Sentinel 2629:Records and research 2334:History & Policy 1593:Major road crossings 1304:Clady, County Tyrone 1253:, County Londonderry 1130:Partition of Ireland 884:which was moored in 682:, the UK proposed a 585:surveillance posts. 443:Military checkpoints 241:Partition of Ireland 170:British–Irish border 102:Partition of Ireland 88:3 May 1921 5665:in Northern Ireland 5656:in Northern Ireland 5397:Legendary creatures 5310:Traditional singing 5146:Saint Patrick's Day 4781:Republic of Ireland 4710:Tourist attractions 4695:ROI–UK border 4680:of Northern Ireland 4633:in Northern Ireland 4465:IRA Border Campaign 4440:War of Independence 4410:Second Great Famine 4395:Act of Union (1800) 4347:Flight of the Earls 4204:Lordship of Ireland 4139:Republic of Ireland 3846:Clontibret invasion 3486:Metropolitan France 3327:. 28 September 2018 2813:irishstatutebook.ie 2625:"The boundary line" 2602:The Argus (Dundalk) 2424:European Generation 2027:"About the project" 1960:. 19 February 2013. 1111:Cultural references 1065:kilometres per hour 394:Republic of Ireland 299:counties of Ireland 273:. Prior to this, a 186:Republic of Ireland 5702:Ireland portal 5020:Skirts and kidneys 4526:List of High Kings 4445:Anglo-Irish Treaty 4385:First Great Famine 4370:Settlement of 1652 4342:Tyrone's Rebellion 4332:Desmond Rebellions 4221:Kingdom of Ireland 3928:Common Travel Area 3709:Anglo-Irish Treaty 3569:Dominican Republic 3248:The Irish Examiner 2788:legislation.gov.uk 2659:. 27 November 1922 2399:FitzGerald, John. 1973:Irish Statute Book 1859:. 30 November 2017 1751:Common Travel Area 1477:, County Fermanagh 1462:, County Fermanagh 1432:, County Fermanagh 1426:, County Fermanagh 1246:County Londonderry 1218:Border settlements 1204:cocaine dependence 1180:Soft Border Patrol 1021: 903:County Londonderry 719: 684:backstop agreement 673:external EU border 661: 639:Status post-Brexit 469:British Government 422:Common Travel Area 418: 414:County Londonderry 335:Anglo-Irish Treaty 310:Anglo-Irish Treaty 259: 201:Common Travel Area 132:Anglo-Irish Treaty 109:Current shape 5709: 5708: 5687: 5686: 5683: 5682: 5094: 5093: 4985:Bacon and cabbage 4937: 4936: 4933: 4932: 4804:Foreign relations 4727: 4726: 4723: 4722: 4654:Notable buildings 4548: 4547: 4544: 4543: 4091: 4090: 4067:Waterways Ireland 4042:InterTradeIreland 3611: 3610: 3408:Mapping Frontiers 2933:. Kildare Street. 2683:www.oireachtas.ie 2551:Belfast Telegraph 2387:Belfast Telegraph 2268:978-1-7853-7245-2 1499:, County Monaghan 1493:, County Monaghan 1267:Newtowncunningham 1228:Carlingford Lough 956:Carlingford Lough 952:maritime boundary 816:continental shelf 687:and EU reached a 595:Margaret Thatcher 581:was dominated by 386:1937 constitution 364:international law 360:League of Nations 182:Carlingford Lough 158: 157: 5784: 5700: 5699: 5698: 5377:Tuatha Dé Danann 4965: 4964: 4956: 4955: 4943: 4942: 4878:Northern Ireland 4856: 4846: 4836: 4746: 4745: 4733: 4732: 4567: 4566: 4554: 4553: 4430:Home Rule crisis 4260:Northern Ireland 4173: 4172: 4160: 4159: 4147:Northern Ireland 4118: 4111: 4104: 4095: 4094: 4082: 4081: 3923:Irish Sea border 3666:Diplomatic posts 3660: 3659: 3650: 3649: 3638: 3631: 3624: 3615: 3614: 3574:Caribbean France 3529:Irish Sea border 3519:England–Scotland 3454: 3447: 3440: 3431: 3430: 3361: 3354: 3337: 3336: 3334: 3332: 3317: 3311: 3304:: N3 Northbound 3292: 3286: 3285: 3283: 3281: 3266: 3260: 3259: 3257: 3255: 3238: 3232: 3231: 3229: 3227: 3211: 3205: 3204: 3202: 3200: 3183: 3177: 3176: 3174: 3172: 3155: 3146: 3145: 3140: 3138: 3121: 3115: 3114: 3112: 3110: 3105:on 13 April 2021 3101:. 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5262: 5217: 5198:Hiberno-English 5184: 5129: 5090: 5044: 4950: 4929: 4872: 4854: 4844: 4834: 4775: 4766:Ulster loyalism 4740: 4719: 4637: 4561: 4540: 4499: 4425:Dublin lock-out 4361:Confederate War 4312:Norman invasion 4299:Battles of Tara 4287: 4243:1801–1923 4231:1691–1800 4226:1536–1691 4214:1169–1536 4167: 4154: 4130: 4122: 4092: 4087: 4071: 4062:Tourism Ireland 3906: 3880: 3857: 3770: 3697: 3693:Glencairn House 3661: 3654: 3644: 3642: 3612: 3607: 3533: 3490:English Channel 3464: 3458: 3400:Wayback Machine 3370: 3365: 3364: 3355: 3351: 3346: 3341: 3340: 3330: 3328: 3319: 3318: 3314: 3302:Wayback Machine 3293: 3289: 3279: 3277: 3267: 3263: 3253: 3251: 3239: 3235: 3225: 3223: 3213: 3212: 3208: 3198: 3196: 3193:The Irish Times 3184: 3180: 3170: 3168: 3156: 3149: 3136: 3134: 3122: 3118: 3108: 3106: 3089: 3085: 3075: 3073: 3061: 3057: 3042: 3038: 3028: 3026: 3009: 3005: 2996: 2992: 2986:Wayback Machine 2976: 2972: 2962: 2960: 2955: 2954: 2950: 2941: 2937: 2929: 2925: 2915: 2913: 2904: 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1901: 1888: 1884: 1876: 1872: 1862: 1860: 1851: 1850: 1841: 1833: 1826: 1821: 1814: 1809: 1781: 1711: 1595: 1590: 1569:, County Armagh 1554:, County Armagh 1539:, County Armagh 1533:, County Armagh 1527:, County Armagh 1525:Newtownhamilton 1521:, County Armagh 1515:, County Armagh 1470:County Monaghan 1323:, County Tyrone 1317:, County Tyrone 1220: 1113: 1092: 1009: 1003: 968:maritime border 912:illegal fishing 886:Belfast Harbour 828: 808: 806:Maritime border 757: 711: 647: 641: 574: 568: 559: 542: 465: 445: 424: 406: 247: 239:Main articles: 237: 229:the two islands 138: 134: 120: 115: 113: 96: 91: 89: 59: 57: 56: 46: 38:Characteristics 33: 12: 11: 5: 5790: 5780: 5779: 5774: 5769: 5764: 5759: 5754: 5749: 5744: 5739: 5734: 5729: 5724: 5707: 5706: 5692: 5689: 5688: 5685: 5684: 5681: 5680: 5678: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5658: 5649: 5640: 5635: 5630: 5625: 5620: 5615: 5613:Heritage Sites 5610: 5605: 5600: 5594: 5592: 5588: 5587: 5585: 5584: 5579: 5574: 5569: 5564: 5563: 5562: 5552: 5547: 5540: 5534: 5532: 5526: 5525: 5523: 5522: 5517: 5512: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5487: 5482: 5477: 5471: 5469: 5463: 5462: 5460: 5459: 5454: 5449: 5444: 5439: 5437:Irish diaspora 5434: 5429: 5428: 5427: 5425:Gaelic Ireland 5417: 5411: 5409: 5403: 5402: 5400: 5399: 5394: 5387: 5380: 5373: 5366: 5359: 5352: 5351: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5335: 5324: 5322: 5316: 5315: 5313: 5312: 5307: 5302: 5297: 5296: 5295: 5285: 5278: 5272: 5270: 5264: 5263: 5261: 5260: 5255: 5250: 5245: 5238: 5233: 5227: 5225: 5219: 5218: 5216: 5215: 5210: 5205: 5200: 5194: 5192: 5186: 5185: 5183: 5182: 5177: 5168: 5166:Rose of Tralee 5163: 5158: 5153: 5148: 5143: 5137: 5135: 5131: 5130: 5128: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5110: 5104: 5102: 5096: 5095: 5092: 5091: 5089: 5088: 5083: 5078: 5073: 5068: 5063: 5058: 5052: 5050: 5046: 5045: 5043: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4975:List of dishes 4971: 4969: 4962: 4952: 4951: 4939: 4938: 4935: 4934: 4931: 4930: 4928: 4927: 4922: 4917: 4916: 4915: 4905: 4900: 4895: 4894: 4893: 4891:D'Hondt method 4882: 4880: 4874: 4873: 4871: 4870: 4865: 4864: 4863: 4858: 4852:Seanad Éireann 4848: 4828: 4823: 4818: 4817: 4816: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4791: 4785: 4783: 4777: 4776: 4774: 4773: 4768: 4763: 4758: 4752: 4750: 4742: 4741: 4729: 4728: 4725: 4724: 4721: 4720: 4718: 4717: 4712: 4707: 4702: 4697: 4692: 4687: 4682: 4673: 4668: 4663: 4662: 4661: 4656: 4645: 4643: 4639: 4638: 4636: 4635: 4626: 4625: 4624: 4614: 4609: 4604: 4599: 4594: 4592:Extreme points 4589: 4584: 4582:Climate change 4579: 4573: 4571: 4563: 4562: 4550: 4549: 4546: 4545: 4542: 4541: 4539: 4538: 4533: 4528: 4523: 4518: 4513: 4507: 4505: 4501: 4500: 4498: 4497: 4492: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4472: 4467: 4462: 4457: 4452: 4447: 4442: 4437: 4432: 4427: 4422: 4417: 4412: 4407: 4402: 4400:1803 Rebellion 4397: 4392: 4390:1798 Rebellion 4387: 4382: 4377: 4375:Williamite War 4372: 4363: 4357:1641 Rebellion 4354: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4337:Spanish Armada 4334: 4329: 4327:Tudor conquest 4324: 4319: 4317:Bruce campaign 4314: 4309: 4295: 4293: 4289: 4288: 4286: 4285: 4280: 4275: 4274: 4273: 4263: 4262:(1921–present) 4257: 4252: 4250:Irish Republic 4247: 4246: 4245: 4235: 4234: 4233: 4228: 4218: 4217: 4216: 4211: 4209:800–1169 4200:Gaelic Ireland 4197: 4192: 4187: 4181: 4179: 4169: 4168: 4156: 4155: 4153: 4152: 4144: 4135: 4132: 4131: 4121: 4120: 4113: 4106: 4098: 4089: 4088: 4076: 4073: 4072: 4070: 4069: 4064: 4059: 4054: 4049: 4044: 4039: 4034: 4029: 4024: 4019: 4014: 4009: 4004: 3999: 3994: 3989: 3984: 3979: 3974: 3969: 3968: 3967: 3957: 3952: 3947: 3942: 3937: 3932: 3931: 3930: 3925: 3914: 3912: 3908: 3907: 3905: 3904: 3899: 3894: 3888: 3886: 3882: 3881: 3879: 3878: 3877: 3876: 3865: 3863: 3859: 3858: 3856: 3855: 3854: 3853: 3848: 3843: 3838: 3833: 3823: 3822: 3821: 3816: 3811: 3801: 3800: 3799: 3794: 3789: 3778: 3776: 3772: 3771: 3769: 3768: 3767: 3766: 3756: 3751: 3746: 3741: 3736: 3731: 3726: 3721: 3716: 3711: 3705: 3703: 3699: 3698: 3696: 3695: 3690: 3685: 3680: 3675: 3669: 3667: 3663: 3662: 3641: 3640: 3633: 3626: 3618: 3609: 3608: 3606: 3605: 3602: 3597: 3594: 3589: 3586: 3581: 3579:Pacific France 3576: 3571: 3566: 3563: 3557: 3552: 3543: 3541: 3535: 3534: 3532: 3531: 3526: 3521: 3513: 3510: 3507: 3504: 3501: 3498: 3493: 3483: 3474: 3472: 3470:United Kingdom 3466: 3465: 3457: 3456: 3449: 3442: 3434: 3428: 3427: 3418: 3405: 3404: 3403: 3393:Border Ireland 3390: 3369: 3368:External links 3366: 3363: 3362: 3356:(For map, see 3348: 3347: 3345: 3342: 3339: 3338: 3325:The Irish News 3312: 3287: 3275:thethinair.net 3261: 3233: 3220:jinxlennon.com 3206: 3178: 3147: 3116: 3083: 3055: 3036: 3003: 2990: 2970: 2948: 2935: 2923: 2897: 2879: 2860: 2851: 2825: 2800: 2775: 2754:(3): 457–500. 2734: 2720: 2695: 2670: 2642: 2615: 2589: 2563: 2538: 2512: 2486: 2473:irishtimes.com 2457: 2448: 2436: 2410: 2391: 2389:, 28 July 2017 2372: 2346: 2320: 2294: 2291:, 5 April 2019 2274: 2267: 2249: 2225: 2214: 2185: 2157: 2142: 2130: 2111: 2100:. 24 July 2008 2080: 2044: 2018: 2008: 1993: 1984: 1975: 1963: 1949: 1940: 1923: 1899: 1882: 1870: 1839: 1824: 1811: 1810: 1808: 1805: 1804: 1803: 1780: 1777: 1776: 1775: 1770: 1765: 1760: 1755: 1754: 1753: 1748: 1743: 1738: 1733: 1728: 1718: 1710: 1707: 1706: 1705: 1696: 1683: 1674: 1665: 1652: 1643: 1634: 1625: 1616: 1599:European Union 1594: 1591: 1589: 1588: 1582: 1581:, County Louth 1576: 1570: 1564: 1555: 1549: 1540: 1534: 1528: 1522: 1516: 1510: 1505: 1500: 1494: 1488: 1483: 1478: 1472: 1463: 1457: 1456:, County Cavan 1451: 1450:, County Cavan 1445: 1444:, County Cavan 1439: 1438:, County Cavan 1433: 1427: 1421: 1415: 1405: 1403:County Leitrim 1396: 1394:County Leitrim 1387: 1385:County Leitrim 1378: 1369: 1367:County Leitrim 1360: 1357:County Donegal 1350: 1344: 1338: 1324: 1318: 1312: 1306: 1301: 1291: 1288:Lifford Bridge 1281: 1275: 1270: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1248: 1239: 1232: 1219: 1216: 1160:In the 1980s, 1126:Spike Milligan 1112: 1109: 1091: 1088: 1050:European Union 1005:Main article: 1002: 1001:Identification 999: 916:W. T. Cosgrave 907:County Donegal 827: 824: 807: 804: 756: 755:Road crossings 753: 710: 707: 643:Main article: 640: 637: 624:no impediments 591:County Donegal 570:Main article: 567: 564: 558: 555: 541: 538: 464: 461: 453:implementation 444: 441: 420:Main article: 405: 402: 253:The border at 236: 233: 197:European Union 156: 155: 149: 145: 144: 129: 125: 124: 110: 106: 105: 86: 82: 81: 77: 76: 73: 69: 68: 66:United Kingdom 44: 40: 39: 35: 34: 31: 23: 22: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5789: 5778: 5775: 5773: 5770: 5768: 5765: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5719: 5717: 5704: 5703: 5690: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5670:Public houses 5668: 5666: 5662: 5659: 5657: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5644: 5641: 5639: 5636: 5634: 5631: 5629: 5626: 5624: 5621: 5619: 5616: 5614: 5611: 5609: 5606: 5604: 5601: 5599: 5596: 5595: 5593: 5589: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5575: 5573: 5570: 5568: 5565: 5561: 5558: 5557: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5545: 5541: 5539: 5536: 5535: 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5097: 5087: 5084: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5072: 5069: 5067: 5064: 5062: 5059: 5057: 5054: 5053: 5051: 5047: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4972: 4970: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4957: 4953: 4949: 4944: 4940: 4926: 4925:Peace process 4923: 4921: 4918: 4914: 4911: 4910: 4909: 4906: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4892: 4889: 4888: 4887: 4884: 4883: 4881: 4879: 4875: 4869: 4866: 4862: 4859: 4857: 4855:(upper house) 4853: 4849: 4847: 4845:(lower house) 4843: 4839: 4838: 4837: 4833: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4819: 4815: 4812: 4811: 4810: 4807: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4786: 4784: 4782: 4778: 4772: 4769: 4767: 4764: 4762: 4761:Republicanism 4759: 4757: 4754: 4753: 4751: 4747: 4743: 4739: 4734: 4730: 4716: 4713: 4711: 4708: 4706: 4703: 4701: 4698: 4696: 4693: 4691: 4688: 4686: 4683: 4681: 4677: 4674: 4672: 4669: 4667: 4664: 4660: 4657: 4655: 4652: 4651: 4650: 4647: 4646: 4644: 4640: 4634: 4630: 4627: 4623: 4620: 4619: 4618: 4615: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4575: 4574: 4572: 4568: 4564: 4560: 4555: 4551: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4527: 4524: 4522: 4519: 4517: 4514: 4512: 4509: 4508: 4506: 4502: 4496: 4493: 4491: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4475:Peace process 4473: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4463: 4461: 4458: 4456: 4455:The Emergency 4453: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4435:Easter Rising 4433: 4431: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4420:Fenian Rising 4418: 4416: 4413: 4411: 4408: 4406: 4403: 4401: 4398: 4396: 4393: 4391: 4388: 4386: 4383: 4381: 4378: 4376: 4373: 4371: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4335: 4333: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4320: 4318: 4315: 4313: 4310: 4308: 4304: 4300: 4297: 4296: 4294: 4290: 4284: 4281: 4279: 4276: 4272: 4269: 4268: 4267: 4264: 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4251: 4248: 4244: 4241: 4240: 4239: 4236: 4232: 4229: 4227: 4224: 4223: 4222: 4219: 4215: 4212: 4210: 4207: 4206: 4205: 4201: 4198: 4196: 4195:Early history 4193: 4191: 4188: 4186: 4183: 4182: 4180: 4178: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4161: 4157: 4151: 4148: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4137: 4136: 4133: 4129: 4126: 4119: 4114: 4112: 4107: 4105: 4100: 4099: 4096: 4086: 4085: 4074: 4068: 4065: 4063: 4060: 4058: 4055: 4053: 4050: 4048: 4045: 4043: 4040: 4038: 4035: 4033: 4030: 4028: 4025: 4023: 4020: 4018: 4015: 4013: 4010: 4008: 4005: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3993: 3990: 3988: 3985: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3975: 3973: 3970: 3966: 3963: 3962: 3961: 3958: 3956: 3953: 3951: 3948: 3946: 3943: 3941: 3938: 3936: 3933: 3929: 3926: 3924: 3921: 3920: 3919: 3916: 3915: 3913: 3909: 3903: 3900: 3898: 3895: 3893: 3890: 3889: 3887: 3883: 3875: 3872: 3871: 3870: 3867: 3866: 3864: 3860: 3852: 3849: 3847: 3844: 3842: 3839: 3837: 3834: 3832: 3829: 3828: 3827: 3824: 3820: 3817: 3815: 3812: 3810: 3809:The Emergency 3807: 3806: 3805: 3802: 3798: 3795: 3793: 3792:Easter Rising 3790: 3788: 3785: 3784: 3783: 3780: 3779: 3777: 3773: 3765: 3762: 3761: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3715: 3712: 3710: 3707: 3706: 3704: 3700: 3694: 3691: 3689: 3686: 3684: 3681: 3679: 3676: 3674: 3671: 3670: 3668: 3664: 3658: 3653: 3648: 3639: 3634: 3632: 3627: 3625: 3620: 3619: 3616: 3603: 3601: 3600:United States 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3587: 3585: 3582: 3580: 3577: 3575: 3572: 3570: 3567: 3564: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3551: 3548: 3545: 3544: 3542: 3540: 3536: 3530: 3527: 3525: 3524:England–Wales 3522: 3520: 3517: 3514: 3511: 3508: 3505: 3502: 3499: 3497: 3494: 3491: 3487: 3484: 3482: 3479: 3476: 3475: 3473: 3471: 3467: 3463: 3455: 3450: 3448: 3443: 3441: 3436: 3435: 3432: 3426: 3422: 3419: 3417: 3413: 3409: 3406: 3401: 3397: 3394: 3391: 3389: 3385: 3384:Border People 3382: 3381: 3379: 3375: 3372: 3371: 3359: 3353: 3349: 3326: 3322: 3316: 3309: 3308: 3303: 3299: 3296: 3291: 3276: 3272: 3265: 3250: 3249: 3244: 3237: 3222: 3221: 3216: 3210: 3195: 3194: 3189: 3182: 3167: 3166: 3161: 3154: 3152: 3144: 3133: 3132: 3127: 3120: 3104: 3100: 3099: 3094: 3087: 3072: 3071: 3066: 3059: 3051: 3047: 3040: 3024: 3020: 3019:The Telegraph 3015: 3007: 3000: 2994: 2987: 2983: 2980: 2974: 2958: 2952: 2945: 2939: 2932: 2927: 2912:. 3 June 2009 2911: 2907: 2901: 2893: 2889: 2883: 2875: 2871: 2864: 2855: 2839: 2835: 2829: 2814: 2810: 2804: 2789: 2785: 2779: 2771: 2767: 2762: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2738: 2723: 2721:9781902448305 2717: 2713: 2712: 2704: 2702: 2700: 2684: 2680: 2674: 2658: 2657: 2652: 2646: 2630: 2626: 2619: 2603: 2599: 2593: 2577: 2573: 2567: 2552: 2548: 2542: 2527: 2523: 2516: 2501: 2497: 2490: 2474: 2470: 2464: 2462: 2452: 2445: 2440: 2425: 2421: 2414: 2406: 2402: 2395: 2388: 2384: 2379: 2377: 2361: 2360:Daily Express 2357: 2350: 2335: 2331: 2324: 2309: 2305: 2298: 2290: 2286: 2285: 2278: 2270: 2264: 2260: 2253: 2246: 2242: 2241: 2236: 2229: 2222: 2217: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2202: 2194: 2192: 2190: 2174: 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