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461:(BVFG § 3), and thus receive support from the West German government. They had to have fled before 1 July 1990 in an attempt to rescue themselves from an emergency situation – especially one posing a threat to health, life, personal freedom, or freedom of conscience – created by the political conditions imposed by the regime in the territory from which they had escaped (BVFG § 3). The law did not apply to influential former supporters of the eastern political system or to offenders against legality and
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414:. The large numbers of emigrants was regarded as an embarrassment for the GDR leadership, owing to its competition with the Federal Republic, and undermined its legitimacy as an independent state. The number of people leaving the GDR following the construction of the Berlin Wall dropped sharply from hundreds of thousands to only several hundred per year.
222:(1) Unlawfully crossing the border of the German Democratic Republic or violating legislation regarding temporary residence within the German Democratic Republic as well as transit through the German Democratic Republic is punished by imprisonment of up to two years or conviction on probation, imprisonment or a fine.
356:
Those who let themselves be recruited objectively serve West German
Reaction and militarism, whether they know it or not. Is it not despicable when for the sake of a few alluring job offers or other false promises about a "guaranteed future" one leaves a country in which the seed for a new and more
71:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
371:
orkers throughout
Germany will demand punishment for those who today leave the German Democratic Republic, the strong bastion of the fight for peace, to serve the deadly enemy of the German people, the imperialists and
57:
225:(2) Not returning in time, unlawfully returning to the German Democratic Republic or violating government conditions about staying abroad as a citizen of the German Democratic Republic is also punished.
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in an attempt to curtail legal emigration, including requiring de-registration with East German authorities and permission to leave the country under threat of prison sentences up to three years. A
364:, leave and betray what our people have created through common labor in our republic to offer themselves to the American or British secret services or work for the West German factory owners,
211:
until 23 December 1989. It has been estimated that 30,000 people left the GDR per year between 1984 and 1988, and up to 300,000 per year before the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961.
557:"Republikflucht": Flucht und Abwanderung aus der SBZ/DDR 1945 bis 1961. Veröffentlichungen zur SBZ-/DDR-Forschung im Institut für Zeitgeschichte. Mit einer Einleitung von Damian van Melis
315:
of occupation. The establishment of the GDR in
October 1949 saw the continued usage of the term by authorities to describe the process of, and the person(s), leaving for a life in
784:
Henrik
Bispinck, "Flucht- und Ausreisebewegung als Krisenphänomene: 1953 und 1989 im Vergleich", in: Henrik Bispinck, Jürgen Danyel, Hans-Hermann Hertle, Hermann Wentker (eds.):
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was also put on trial on the same charge. In
November 1994, however, the presiding judge closed the proceedings, ruling that the defendant was not mentally fit to stand trial.
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Both from the moral standpoint as well as in terms of the interests of the whole German nation, leaving the GDR is an act of political and moral backwardness and depravity.
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368:, or militarists? Does not leaving the land of progress for the morass of an historically outdated social order demonstrate political backwardness and blindness? ...
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708:"Ex-Chief of E. German Secret Police Freed : Europe: Court releases Erich Mielke. He served time for 1931 killings—but not for any crime from Communist era."
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622:, presented at the "European Population Conference/Congrès Européen de Démographie" (United Nations Population Division), Milano, 4–8 September 1995, p. 2.2.1.
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Between 1961 and 1989 several thousand East German citizens emigrated by obtaining temporary exit visas and subsequently failing to return, or by engaging in
777:
Henrik
Bispinck, ""Republikflucht". Flucht und Ausreise als Problem der DDR-Führung", in: Dierk Hoffmann, Michael Schwartz, Hermann Wentker (eds.),
91:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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380:, the Soviet occupation zone, and the GDR between 1945 and 1961 at between 3 and 3.5 million people. Close to one million of those who left were
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Flucht und
Zuwanderung aus der SBZ/DDR 1945/49-1961. Die Flüchtlingspolitik der Bundesrepublik Deutschland bis zum Bau der Berliner Mauer
745:
Ross, Corey. "East
Germans and the Berlin Wall: Popular opinion and social change before and after the border closure of August 1961."
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228:(3) In severe cases, the perpetrator is punished by imprisonment of one or up to eight years. A severe case exists in particular, if:
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West
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beautiful life is sprouting, and is already showing the first fruits, for the place that favors a new war and destruction?
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683:"Informationen zur Geschichte von Flucht, Fluchthilfe und Freikauf | Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur"
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countries. Those who fled across the fortified borders did so at considerable personal risk of injury or death (see:
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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A memorial in Berlin from 2004 to 2005 to those who lost their lives attempting to cross the Berlin Wall near
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Where Did They All Come From? Typology and Geography of European Mass Migration In the Twentieth Century
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Is it not an act of political depravity when citizens, whether young people, workers, or members of the
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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Vor dem Mauerbau. Politik und Gesellschaft der DDR der fünfziger Jahre
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for "desertion from the republic") was the colloquial term in the
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the perpetrator was convicted of illegal border crossing before.
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Burned Bridge: How East and West Germans Made the Iron Curtain
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refugees and expellees from World War II and the post-war era
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having ordered soldiers to kill people trying to escape
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Escape attempts and victims of the inner German border
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initially stranded in the Soviet zone or East Berlin.
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Bispinck, Henrik; Melis, Damian van (31 July 2015).
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in West Germany or West Berlin (BVFG § 3 (2)).
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Berlin Wall construction and criminalized emigration
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Some estimates put the number of those who left the
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a machine-translated version of the German article.
446:, while some 75,000 were caught and imprisoned.
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825:http://www.refugee.org.nz/Headnotes/thes.html#R
590:Notizbuch des Agitators ("Agitator's Notebook")
232:the crime endangered life or health of humans;
106:accompanying your translation by providing an
51:Click for important translation instructions.
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251:(4) Preparation and attempt are punishable.
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154:Berlin Wollankstraße station
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596:, Agitation Department,
438:), with several hundred
1254:Escape from East Berlin
925:Fall of the Berlin Wall
600:District. November 1955
127:For more guidance, see
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1212:The Wall in speeches
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977:Topography of Terror
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268:East German soldier
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749:39.1 (2004): 25–43.
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428:Inner German border
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150:Deutsche Reichsbahn
1476:Judgment in Berlin
1441:Rabbit à la Berlin
1334:Judgment in Berlin
1237:In popular culture
1057:breaching the Wall
1010:Checkpoint Charlie
948:Memorials, museums
798:Helge Heidemeyer,
770:Volker Ackermann,
737:Historical Journal
732:(Routledge, 2019).
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1589:Grenzgänger
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1302:The Soldier
1203:Jutta Fleck
1130:Olga Segler
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1358:The Tunnel
538:References
343:propaganda
336:stigmatize
185:, and non-
1596:The Shame
1310:Octopussy
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982:Mauerpark
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471:democracy
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122:talk page
74:Consider
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280:in 1961.
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1318:Gotcha!
366:Junkers
327:or non-
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255:History
120:to the
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