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system. Law came into article because, in a regime of positive transaction costs, the character of the law becomes one of the main factors determining the performance of the economy. If transaction costs were zero (as is assumed in standard economic theory) we can imagine people contracting around the law whenever the value of production would be increased by a change in the legal position. But in a regime of positive transaction costs, such contracting would not occur whenever transaction costs were greater than the gain that such a redistribution of rights would bring. As a consequence the rights which individuals possess will commonly be those established by the law, which in these circumstances can be said to control the economy. As I have said, in "The
Problem of Social Cost" I had no intention of making a contribution to legal scholarship. I referred to legal cases because they afforded examples of real situations as against the imaginary ones normally used by economists in their analysis. It was undoubtedly an economist who invented the widget. But in "The Problem of Social Cost" I did something else. I pointed out that the judges in their opinions often seemed to show a better understanding of the economic problem than did many economists even though their views were not always expressed in a very explicit fashion. I did this not to praise the judges but to shame economists.
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2360:'s seminar at the London School of Economics (LSE). He introduced me to Adam Smith's invisible hand and to the advantages of a competitive system. He also pointed out that government schemes in the economic sphere were often ill-conceived and were introduced to placate special interests. I adopted many of Plant's positions but continued to regard myself as a Socialist. That this meant holding what could be considered, and were, inconsistent positions was not unusual at that time.
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on the water, gas, and electricity supply industries and of the Post Office and broadcasting. These researches taught me much about the public utility industries and they certainly made me aware of the defects of government operation of these industries, whether municipal or through nationalisation. These researches were interrupted by the war, when I joined the civil service, at first, for a short period, in the
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2233:. He viewed law and economics as having two parts, the first "using the economists' approach and concepts to analyze the working of the legal system, often called the economic analysis of the law"; and the second "a study of the influence of the legal system on the working of the economic system." Coase said that the second part "is the part of law and economics in which I am most interested."
2202:
property rights determines who builds the fence. If the farmer is responsible for the crop damage, the farmer will pay for the fence (as long the fence costs less than the crop damage). The allocation of property rights is primarily an equity issue, with consequences for the distribution of income and wealth, rather than an efficiency issue.
2388:, one of the offices of the War Cabinet. This war-time experience did not significantly influence my views but I could not help noticing that, with the country in mortal danger and despite the leadership of Winston Churchill, government departments often seemed more concerned to defend their own interests than those of the country.
2099:, and policing and enforcement costs, can all potentially add to the cost of procuring something from another party. This suggests that firms will arise which can internalise the production of goods and services required to deliver a product, thus avoiding these costs. This argument sets the stage for the later contributions by
2379:
My socialist sympathies gradually fell away and this process was accentuated as a result of being assigned in 1935 at LSE the course on the
Economics of Public Utilities. I soon found out that very little was known about British public utilities and I set about making a series of historical studies
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It is generally agreed that this article has had an immense influence on legal scholarship, but this was no part of my intention. For me, "The
Problem of Social Cost" was an essay in economics. It was aimed at economists. What I wanted to do was to improve our analysis of the working of the economic
2201:
the initial assignment of property rights makes no difference to whether or not the farmer and rancher can achieve the economically efficient outcome. If the cost of restraining cattle by, say, building a fence, is less than the cost of crop damage, the fence will be built. The initial assignment of
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With sufficient transaction costs, initial property rights matter for both equity and efficiency. From the point of view of economic efficiency, property rights should be assigned such that the owner of the rights wants to take the economically efficient action. To elaborate, if it is efficient not
2249:
hen I was approached to fill Aaron
Director's place on his retirement, what I found most attractive about coming to Chicago was the opportunity it gave me of editing the Journal. Indeed, it is probable that without the Journal I would not have come to Chicago. I knew nothing of the original aim of
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The first two costs will increase with the spatial distribution of the transactions organised and the dissimilarity of the transactions. This explains why firms tend to either be in different geographic locations or to perform different functions. Additionally, technology changes that mitigate the
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I am very much aware that, in concentrating in this lecture on law and economics at
Chicago, I have neglected other significant contributions to the subject made elsewhere such as those by Guido Calabresi at Yale, by Donald Turner at Harvard, and by others. But it can hardly be denied that in the
2026:
Coase married Marian Ruth
Hartung of Chicago, Illinois in Willesden, England, 7 August 1937. Although they were unable to have children, they were married 75 years until her death on 17 October 2012, making him one of the longest-married Nobel Prize laureates. Coase himself died in Chicago on 2
2194:" provided the key insight that it is unclear where the blame for externalities lies. The example he gave was of a rancher whose cattle stray onto the cropland of his neighbour. If the rancher is made to restrict his cattle, he is harmed just as the farmer is if the cattle remain unrestrained.
2022:
Nearing his 100th birthday, Coase was working on a book concerning the rise of the economies of China and
Vietnam. In an interview, Coase explained the mission of the Coase China Society and his vision of economics and the part to be played by Chinese economists. This became "How China Became
2113:
Coase argues that the size of a firm (as measured by how many contractual relations are "internal" to the firm and how many "external") is a result of finding an optimal balance between the competing tendencies of the costs outlined above. In general, making the firm larger will initially be
2348:, I don't say that regulation will be bad. Let's see. What we discover is that most regulation does produce, or has produced in recent times, a worse result. But I wouldn't like to say that all regulation would have this effect because one can think of circumstances in which it doesn't.
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The
University of Chicago Law School carries on the legacy of Ronald Coase through the mission of the Coase-Sandor Institute for Law and Economics. Each year, the University of Chicago Law School hosts the Coase Lecture, which was delivered in 2003 by Ronald Coase himself.
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instead of consisting exclusively of a multitude of independent, self-employed people who contract with one another. Given that "production could be carried on without any organization at all", Coase asks, why and under what conditions should we expect firms to emerge?
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Since modern firms can only emerge when an entrepreneur of some sort begins to hire people, Coase's analysis proceeds by considering the conditions under which it makes sense for an entrepreneur to seek hired help instead of contracting out for some particular task.
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and was therefore, according to them, wrong. At a meeting in
Chicago I was able to convince these economists that I was right and Pigou's analysis faulty." Coase had presented his paper in 1960 during a seminar in Chicago, to twenty senior economist including
2206:
to restrict the cattle, the rancher should be given the rights (so that cattle can move about freely), whereas if it is efficient to restrict the cattle, the farmer should be given the rights over the movement of the cattle (so the cattle are restricted).
6501:
2401:, an organisation that promotes research on institutions and organizations – the laws, rules, customs, and norms – that govern real economic systems, with particular support for young scholars from developing and transitional countries.
1866:, stating, "It is suicidal for the field to slide into a hard science of choice, ignoring the influences of society, history, culture, and politics on the working of the economy." He believed economic study should reduce emphasis on
1969:. Coase's colleagues would later admit that they did not remember this first visit. Between 1932 and 1934, Coase was an assistant lecturer at the Dundee School of Economics and Commerce, which later became part of the
2179:. He gradually won over the usually skeptic audience, in what has later been considered a "paradigm-shifting moment" in the genesis of Chicago Law and Economics. Coase would join the Chicago faculty four years later.
2315:
outcome regardless of the initial allocation of property. In practice, obstacles to bargaining or poorly defined property rights can prevent
Coasean bargaining. This 'theorem' is commonly attributed to Coase.
2087:) suggested that, because the market is "efficient" (that is, those who are best at providing each good or service most cheaply are already doing so), it should always be cheaper to contract out than to hire.
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involved in using the market; the cost of obtaining a good or service via the market actually exceeds the price of the good. Other costs, including search and information costs, bargaining costs, keeping
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Upon publishing his article The Federal Communications Commission in 1959, Coase received negative feedback from the faculty at the University of Chicago over his conclusions and apparent conflicts with
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the Journal. What I wanted to do was to encourage the type of research which I had advocated in "The Problem of Social Cost," and I used my editorship of the Journal as a means of bringing this about.
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or theoretical markets and instead focus on real markets. He established the case for the corporation as a means to pay the costs of operating a marketplace. Coase is best known for two articles: "
2132:
cost of organising transactions across space may allow firms to become larger – the advent of the telephone and of cheap air travel, for example, would be expected to increase the size of firms.
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was the result of his socialist beliefs. Reflecting on this, Coase wrote: "It is very difficult to know where one's ideas come from but for all I know he may well be right." Coase continued:
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2364:, a fellow student and a fine theorist, with whom I had a very friendly relation, also believed in the virtues of a competitive system but was even more attached to Socialism than I was.
1961:
degree in 1932. During his undergraduate studies, Coase received the Sir Ernest Cassel Travelling Scholarship which he used to visit the University of Chicago in 1931–1932 studying with
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1930:
for the post office, as was his mother, Rosalie Elizabeth Coase (née Giles; 1882–1972), before marriage. As a child, Coase had a weakness in his legs, for which he was required to wear
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In his Simons Lecture celebrating the centennial of the University of Chicago, titled "Law and Economics at Chicago", Coase noted that he only accidentally wandered into the field:
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Despite wandering accidentally into law and economics, the opportunity to edit the Journal of Law and Economics was instrumental in bringing him to the University of Chicago:
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As a young man I was a Socialist. The first challenge to this belief came when, in 1931, 5 months before I took the final examinations for the B.Com. degree, I attended
2023:
Capitalist" (2012) co-authored with Ning Wang. Coase was honoured and received an honorary doctorate from the university at Buffalo Department of Economics in May 2012.
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A further exploration of the dichotomy between markets and hierarchies as co-ordination mechanisms for economic transactions derived a third alternative way called
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and increasing propensity for an overwhelmed manager to make mistakes in resource allocation. These factors become countervailing costs to the use of the firm.
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There is a natural limit to what a firm can produce internally, however. Coase notices "decreasing returns to the entrepreneur function", including increasing
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as a member of staff until 1951 in which year he was awarded an earned doctorate in economics from the University of London. He then started to work at the
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Though trained as an economist, Coase spent much of his career working in a law school. He is a central figure in the development of the subfield of
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Coase, Ronald; Wang, Ning (2011). "The Industrial Structure of Production: A Research Agenda for Innovation in an Entrepreneurial Economy".
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Coase believed that the University of Chicago was the intellectual center of law and economics. He concluded his Simons lecture by stating:
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the less likely the entrepreneur is to make mistakes and the smaller the increase in mistakes with an increase in the transactions organised
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In "The Nature of the Firm" (1937), a brief but highly influential essay, Coase attempts to explain why the economy features a number of
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emergence of the subject of law and economics, Chicago has played a very significant part and one of which the University can be proud.
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advantageous, but the decreasing returns indicated above will eventually kick in, preventing the firm from growing indefinitely.
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I really don't know. I don't reject any policy without considering what its results are. If someone says there's going to be
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as labelled by Stigler. In 1990, Coase wrote that he feared "The Problem of Social Cost" had been widely misunderstood.
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the lower the costs of organising and the slower these costs rise with an increase in the number of transactions organised
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the greater the lowering (or the smaller the rise) in the supply price of factors of production to firms of larger size
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3667:"2003 Coase Lecture: Ronald Coase, "The Present and Future of Law and Economics" | University of Chicago Law School"
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and retained his British citizenship after moving to the United States in the 1950s. In 1958, he moved to the
1934:. Due to this problem, he attended the school for physical defectives. At the age of 12, he was able to enter
285:, where he was a member of the faculty until 1951. He was the Clifton R. Musser Professor of Economics at the
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called his work over eight decades "impossible to summarize" while recommending five of his papers to read.
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do not have market power because they are unable to commit to not lowering their prices in future periods.
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Breit, William and Barry T. Hirsch. Lives of the Laureates, 4th ed. Cambridge, Mass: The MIT Press, 2004.
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Kitch, Edmund W. (1983). "The Fire of Truth: A Remembrance of Law and Economics at Chicago, 1932–1970".
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Coase then continued his studies at the University of London, enrolling as an internal student of the
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281:; 29 December 1910 – 2 September 2013) was a British economist and author. Coase was educated at the
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Coase, Ronald (2006). "The Conduct of Economics: The Example of Fisher Body and General Motors".
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2863:"Ronald Harry Coase (1910–2013) Nobel-prize winning economist whose work inspired cap-and-trade"
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Coase, 2003 Coase Lecture: Ronald; Present, "The; Law, Future of; Economics" (6 July 2009).
1926:, a suburb of London, on 29 December 1910. His father, Henry Joseph Coase (1884–1973) was a
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3018:. Vol. I (A-K) (54th ed.). New Providence, NJ: Marquis Who's Who. 1999. p.
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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/374337555_Ronald_Coase_in_the_French_Wikipedia
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Coase believed economists should study real-world wealth creation, in the manner of
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3430:"Ronald Coase Was The Greatest of the Many Great University of Chicago Economists"
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The Limits of Neoliberalism: Authority, Sovereignty and the Logic of Competition
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calling him "the greatest of the many great University of Chicago economists".
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on scholarship. At Kilburn, he studied for the intermediate examination of the
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calling him "one of the most distinguished economists in the world" and
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Hein Schreuder, "Coase, Hayek and Hierarchy", In: S. Lindenberg &
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Coase admitted that early in life, he aligned himself with socialism.
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3361:"Ronald H. Coase, a Law Professor And Leading Economist, Dies at 102"
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in 1960, while Coase was a member of the Economics department at the
1923:
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988:
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767:
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3451:"Ronald Coase is dead. Here are five of his papers you need to read"
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2887:
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2117:
Other things being equal, therefore, a firm will tend to be larger:
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3567:
3380:"Ronald H. Coase, Founding Scholar in Law and Economics, 1910–2013"
3178:
2646:
2543:
2508:
2477:
2329:
1973:. Subsequently, Coase was an assistant lecturer in commerce at the
1056:
963:
417:
327:
3816:
3754:
2559:
Coase, R. H. (1992). "The Institutional Structure of Production".
6729:
6523:
6516:
6381:
6177:
3552:
Coase, R. H. (1996). "Law and Economics and A.W. Brian Simpson".
3411:"Ronald Coase, the Economist Who Explained Why We Have Companies"
3061:(70th ed.). London & New York: Routledge. 2006. p.
2083:
The traditional economic theory of the time (in the tradition of
1789:
1716:
1244:
357:
3346:
3286:"99-year-old economist researches the rise of China and Vietnam"
2340:
When asked what he considered his politics to be, Coase stated,
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3434:
2784:
2409:
2404:
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6793:
6389:
442:
6007:
3235:"Aaron Director, Founder of the field of Law and Economics"
2284:
270:
7199:
Distinguished fellows of the American Economic Association
6766:
3902:
University of Chicago Special Collections Research Center
2142:
113:
6843:
The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State
3870:
Ronald Coase and the Misuse of Economics by John Cassidy
3101:(159 ed.). London: A & C Black. 2007. p.
2737:
2027:
September 2013, at the age of 102. Both are buried at
3817:
Wireless Communications and Computing at a Crossroads
3602:
Coase, R. H. (1993). "Law and Economics at Chicago".
3135:
3133:
2287:
2281:
2157:
Coase at the University of Chicago Law School in 2003
2060:
273:
267:
3822:
3209:"U. of Chicago Professor Wins Nobel Economics Prize"
2766:
2209:
This seminal argument forms the basis of the famous
2328:, which is an informal argument that durable goods
2278:
2034:He was praised across the political spectrum, with
264:
3386:. University of Chicago Law School. Archived from
3130:
3094:
3054:
3011:
2739:
2631:"The Acquisition of Fisher Body By General Motors"
2607:
2584:
3933:Laureate of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics
3141:"Ronald Coase. "Nobel Prize Autobiography," 1991"
3097:Who's Who 2007: An Annual Biographical Dictionary
2371:wrote that Coase's focus on transaction costs in
7040:
3782:A video of Coase talking about law and economics
2493:Coase, R. H. (1972). "Durability and Monopoly".
16:British economist and Nobel laureate (1910–2013)
4777:
3865:No Cheap Victories – Last Interview and Tribute
3840:2003 Coase Centennial Speech delivered by Coase
3048:
3046:
2324:Another important contribution of Coase is the
5820:
2672:Journal of Economics & Management Strategy
6023:
5806:
5125:
4763:
3966:
3898:Guide to the Ronald H. Coase Papers 1805–2013
3308:"Coase China Society Interviews Ronald Coase"
3014:Who's Who in America 2000, Millennium Edition
2949:"The Man Who Resisted 'Blackboard Economics'"
2225:Coase at the University of Chicago Law School
2055:
1843:
1281:
7209:Corresponding fellows of the British Academy
5145:Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences
3597:
3595:
3593:
3547:
3545:
3543:
3043:
2614:. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
2591:. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
2405:Coase-Sandor Institute for Law and Economics
7204:Academics of the London School of Economics
3980:
3690:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3156:
1886:" (1960), which suggests that well-defined
6030:
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5132:
5118:
4770:
4756:
3973:
3959:
3790:
3487:. Cambridge University Press. p. 12.
2983:
2003:. He was also for a time a trustee of the
1977:between 1934 and 1935 before returning to
1894:if it were not for transaction costs (see
1874:" (1937), which introduces the concept of
1850:
1836:
1288:
1274:
139: 1937–2012)
31:
7099:People educated at Kilburn Grammar School
3708:
3590:
3540:
2946:
2886:
2708:
2683:
2392:
291:Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
7069:Alumni of the London School of Economics
7059:Alumni of University of London Worldwide
3448:
3408:
2947:Henderson, David R. (3 September 2013).
2408:
2220:
2152:
2013:
1993:in 1964 and became the co-editor of the
1913:
7224:Burials at Graceland Cemetery (Chicago)
3326:"Interview with Professor Ronald Coase"
7041:
4702:English historical school of economics
4656:Structure–conduct–performance paradigm
3507:
3480:
3421:
3409:Yglesias, Matthew (3 September 2013).
3359:Lyons, Patrick J. (3 September 2013).
2912:"Saving Economics from the Economists"
7189:Academics of the University of Dundee
6011:
5794:
5113:
4751:
3954:
3801:The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics
3601:
3551:
3427:
3402:
3358:
3162:
2984:Littlewood, Mark (4 September 2013).
2909:
2669:
2628:
2605:
2582:
2558:
2523:
2492:
2457:
2430:
3449:Matthews, Dylan (3 September 2013).
3442:
2979:
2977:
2942:
2940:
2860:
2216:
1878:to explain the nature and limits of
3352:
2413:Coase at a conference in 2008 with
2319:
2018:Coase's grave at Graceland Cemetery
13:
7219:Member of the Mont Pelerin Society
7064:Alumni of the University of London
3720:The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism
2635:The Journal of Law & Economics
2610:Essays on Economics and Economists
2451:10.1111/j.1468-0335.1937.tb00002.x
2397:Coase was research advisor to the
2335:
2090:Coase noted, however, a number of
14:
7235:
7194:Fellows of the Earhart Foundation
7154:20th-century English male writers
3775:
3377:
2974:
2937:
2910:Coase, Ronald (1 December 2012).
2738:Coase, Ronald; Ning Wang (2012).
2711:Entrepreneurship Research Journal
7010:
7009:
3860:Library of Economics and Liberty
3806:Library of Economics and Liberty
3537:University of Chicago Law School
3484:Institutions and Social Conflict
3428:Smith, Fred (3 September 2013).
3332:. 3 January 2011. Archived from
2811:
2797:
2783:
2769:
2694:10.1111/j.1530-9134.2006.00100.x
2274:
2263:
1902:, where it was re-introduced by
1816:
1802:
1788:
1774:
1363:Library of Economics and Liberty
1255:
1243:
287:University of Chicago Law School
260:
7169:21st-century British economists
7164:20th-century British economists
7159:21st-century English historians
7149:20th-century English historians
5221:Leonid Vitaliyevich Kantorovich
3702:
3658:
3640:
3528:
3501:
3474:
3461:
3371:
3349:Robert Coase Honorary Doctorate
3340:
3318:
3300:
3292:. 24 March 2010. Archived from
3278:
3262:. Phillysoc.org. Archived from
3252:
3227:
3201:
2587:The Firm the Market and the Law
2424:
1922:Ronald Harry Coase was born in
1890:could overcome the problems of
1386:Consequentialist libertarianism
136:
7119:University of Virginia faculty
7089:Historians of economic thought
6575:Right of way (property access)
4722:Historical school of economics
3889:Works by or about Ronald Coase
3330:Unirule Institute of Economics
3147:
3086:
3003:
2903:
2854:
2303:or outcome in the presence of
1:
7134:University of Virginia alumni
7114:University of Chicago faculty
7109:University at Buffalo faculty
3798:"Ronald H. Coase 1910-2013".
3347:http://economics.buffalo.edu/
3312:Chicago University Law School
3093:"COASE, Prof. Ronald Harry".
3039:– via Internet Archive.
2847:
2526:"The Lighthouse in Economics"
2137:Commons based peer production
1953:, where he took courses with
1047:Critique of political economy
705:Critique of political economy
7174:New institutional economists
7094:Nobel laureates in Economics
6037:
4666:Theory of two-level planning
4161:New institutional economists
3842:(500MB QuickTime video file)
3605:Journal of Law and Economics
3166:Journal of Law and Economics
2531:Journal of Law and Economics
2496:Journal of Law and Economics
2465:Journal of Law and Economics
2460:"The Problem of Social Cost"
2311:, bargaining will lead to a
2184:Journal of Law and Economics
2143:"The Problem of Social Cost"
1996:Journal of Law and Economics
1909:
1578:Symmetrical inflation target
1335:Positive non-interventionism
1097:Periodizations of capitalism
7:
6881:Two Treatises of Government
4779:Chicago school of economics
4146:Edward Lawrence Wheelwright
3711:"Coase, Ronald H. (1910– )"
3709:MacKenzie, Douglas (2008).
3057:The International Who's Who
2762:
2742:How China Became Capitalist
793:Simple commodity production
203:Chicago School of Economics
199:New institutional economics
10:
7240:
7084:Law and economics scholars
7074:English business theorists
5213:Friedrich August von Hayek
4641:Penalty of taking the lead
3535:The Problem of Social Cost
2386:Central Statistical Office
2197:Coase argued that without
2149:The Problem of Social Cost
2146:
2064:
2056:Contributions to economics
1979:London School of Economics
1951:London School of Economics
1884:The Problem of Social Cost
1758:Perspectives on capitalism
1102:Perspectives on capitalism
283:London School of Economics
175:London School of Economics
97:London School of Economics
7214:Chicago School economists
7079:British economics writers
7005:
6802:
6604:
6484:
6377:
6370:
6219:
6176:
6121:
6045:
5935:
5920:
5895:
5880:
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5845:
5830:
5611:Christopher A. Pissarides
5485:
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4874:
4821:
4785:
4684:
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4465:
4232:
4159:
3988:
3939:
3930:
3914:
3909:
3737:10.4135/9781412965811.n48
1809:Libertarianism portal
1642:Foreign exchange reserves
249:
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208:
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166:
156:
151:
147:
120:
92:
81:
65:
39:
30:
23:
7179:Environmental economists
7129:British men centenarians
6933:The Great Transformation
6291:Labor theory of property
4737:Post-Keynesian economics
4717:French historical school
3989:Institutional economists
3882:publications indexed by
3555:Journal of Legal Studies
3514:. Sage. pp. 87–90.
3508:Davies, William (2014).
2562:American Economic Review
2433:"The Nature of the Firm"
2061:"The Nature of the Firm"
2009:Nobel Prize in Economics
1900:organizational economics
373:Economic interventionism
232:Nobel Prize in Economics
7144:British Nobel laureates
7139:English Nobel laureates
6502:Forest-dwelling (India)
6464:restraint on alienation
6244:Common good (economics)
5888:Pierre-Gilles de Gennes
4712:Evolutionary psychology
4576:Conspicuous consumption
3982:Institutional economics
3053:"COASE, Ronald Harry".
3010:"Coase, Ronald Harry".
2986:"Ronald Coase obituary"
2953:The Wall Street Journal
2916:Harvard Business Review
1989:. Coase settled at the
1975:University of Liverpool
1627:Economic liberalization
1532:International economics
1358:George Mason University
1303:Part of a series on the
1042:Criticism of capitalism
244:IDEAS / RePEc
76:Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
6941:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
6715:Primitive accumulation
6570:Right of way (transit)
6355:Tragedy of the commons
6237:fictitious commodities
5941:Nobel Prize recipients
5897:Physiology or Medicine
4707:Evolutionary economics
4549:Key concepts and ideas
4505:Donald Angus MacKenzie
4131:George W. Stocking Sr.
4051:John Kenneth Galbraith
2832:Horizontal integration
2746:. Palgrave Macmillan.
2723:10.2202/2157-5665.1026
2629:Coase, Ronald (2000).
2417:
2399:Ronald Coase Institute
2393:Ronald Coase Institute
2390:
2373:The Nature of the Firm
2366:
2350:
2261:
2252:
2243:
2226:
2188:University of Virginia
2158:
2067:The Nature of the Firm
2019:
1987:University of Virginia
1936:Kilburn Grammar School
1919:
1872:The Nature of the Firm
1692:Open market operations
1396:Neoclassical economics
1072:Exploitation of labour
783:Primitive accumulation
183:University of Virginia
7184:Cato Institute people
7104:People from Willesden
6994:The Wealth of Nations
6974:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
6966:The Ethics of Liberty
5332:James M. Buchanan Jr.
4697:Development economics
4606:Hiding hand principle
4596:Effective competition
4467:Economic sociologists
4234:Behavioral economists
4096:Wesley Clair Mitchell
3846:"Why do Firms Exist?"
3828:"Looking for Results"
3723:. Thousand Oaks, CA:
3648:"Looking for results"
3481:Knight, Jack (1992).
3239:www-news.uchicago.edu
2861:Hahn, Robert (2013).
2805:Libertarianism portal
2606:Coase, R. H. (1994).
2583:Coase, R. H. (1988).
2579:(Nobel Prize lecture)
2524:Coase, R. H. (1974).
2458:Coase, R. H. (1960).
2431:Coase, R. H. (1937).
2412:
2377:
2354:
2342:
2272:, the Coase theorem (
2256:
2247:
2238:
2224:
2168:University of Chicago
2156:
2017:
1991:University of Chicago
1983:University at Buffalo
1917:
1795:Capitalism portal
1672:Intellectual property
1480:Comparative advantage
1250:Capitalism portal
1062:Culture of capitalism
1017:Capitalist propaganda
773:Industrial Revolution
763:Commercial Revolution
187:University at Buffalo
179:University of Chicago
106:University of Chicago
7124:English centenarians
6857:Progress and Poverty
6191:Common-pool resource
5595:Oliver E. Williamson
5225:Tjalling C. Koopmans
5079:Julian Lincoln Simon
5057:Business and finance
5048:Frank H. Easterbrook
4967:Public choice school
4904:New social economics
4876:New economic history
4798:Henry Calvert Simons
4626:Market concentration
4591:Countervailing power
4397:Sendhil Mullainathan
4224:Oliver E. Williamson
4056:Walton Hale Hamilton
4001:Clarence Edwin Ayres
3836:by Thomas W. Hazlett
3671:www.law.uchicago.edu
3296:on 3 September 2010.
2842:Vertical integration
2005:Philadelphia Society
1971:University of Dundee
1959:Bachelor of Commerce
1940:University of London
1904:Oliver E. Williamson
1662:Inflation adjustment
1618:Economic integration
1495:Economic rationalism
1225:Right-libertarianism
1155:Classical liberalism
1122:Venture philanthropy
758:Capitalism and Islam
753:Age of Enlightenment
348:Capital accumulation
171:University of Dundee
110:University of London
6980:The Social Contract
6668:population transfer
6585:prior-appropriation
6264:homestead principle
5623:Christopher A. Sims
5551:Thomas C. Schelling
5523:Robert F. Engle III
5424:Robert E. Lucas Jr.
5272:Theodore W. Schultz
4995:William A. Niskanen
4676:Veblenian dichotomy
4586:Conventional wisdom
4581:Conspicuous leisure
4571:Bounded rationality
4561:Administered prices
4382:Brigitte C. Madrian
4184:Steven N. S. Cheung
4066:Albert O. Hirschman
4061:Orris C. Herfindahl
3455:The Washington Post
3390:on 5 September 2013
3336:on 17 January 2011.
3215:on 28 February 2020
2879:2013Natur.502..449H
2837:List of think tanks
2777:Conservatism portal
2382:Forestry Commission
2297:economic efficiency
2049:The Washington Post
1823:Politics portal
1781:Business portal
1742:Alter-globalization
1687:Negative income tax
1667:Inflation targeting
1262:Business portal
378:Economic liberalism
368:Competitive markets
126:Marian Ruth Hartung
6960:Murray N. Rothbard
6271:Free-rider problem
5539:Edward C. Prescott
5527:Clive W.J. Granger
5503:Joseph E. Stiglitz
5476:Daniel L. McFadden
5364:Harry M. Markowitz
4894:Robert M. Townsend
4692:Cultural economics
4556:Accelerator effect
4372:George Loewenstein
4312:Catherine C. Eckel
4031:John Maurice Clark
3996:Werner Abelshauser
3918:Harry M. Markowitz
3789:on Nobelprize.org
3731:. pp. 73–74.
3365:The New York Times
2827:Government failure
2665:– via JSTOR.
2418:
2227:
2190:, "The Problem of
2159:
2029:Graceland Cemetery
2020:
2007:. He received the
1920:
1752:Anti-globalization
1550:Monetary economics
1022:Capitalist realism
413:Goods and services
393:Fictitious capital
256:Ronald Harry Coase
86:Graceland Cemetery
44:Ronald Harry Coase
7036:
7035:
6947:What Is Property?
6740:human trafficking
6725:Regulatory taking
6600:
6599:
6345:Right to property
6005:
6004:
5922:Economic Sciences
5788:
5787:
5687:Richard H. Thaler
5651:Robert J. Shiller
5647:Lars Peter Hansen
5619:Thomas J. Sargent
5607:Dale T. Mortensen
5499:A. Michael Spence
5495:George A. Akerlof
5464:Robert A. Mundell
5432:James A. Mirrlees
5400:Douglass C. North
5372:William F. Sharpe
5324:Franco Modigliani
5300:George J. Stigler
5284:Lawrence R. Klein
5173:Paul A. Samuelson
5107:
5106:
5099:Lars Peter Hansen
5010:Law and economics
4975:James M. Buchanan
4745:
4744:
4566:Barriers to entry
4432:Robert J. Shiller
4392:Matteo Motterlini
4136:Lars Pålsson Syll
3949:
3948:
3940:Succeeded by
3926:William F. Sharpe
3494:978-0-521-42189-8
3314:. 3 January 2011.
3290:VietNamNet Bridge
3266:on 27 August 2013
3112:978-0-7136-7526-9
2309:transaction costs
2270:law and economics
2231:law and economics
2217:Law and economics
2199:transaction costs
2182:Published in the
2101:Oliver Williamson
2092:transaction costs
1876:transaction costs
1860:
1859:
1603:Denationalization
1560:Quantity of money
1368:Reason Foundation
1298:
1297:
1117:Spontaneous order
1087:History of theory
730:New institutional
700:Market monetarism
635:Economic theories
468:Supply and demand
403:Free price system
253:
252:
218:transaction costs
161:Law and economics
60:, London, England
7231:
7013:
7012:
6917:John Stuart Mill
6837:Friedrich Engels
6818:Frédéric Bastiat
6811:
6663:Forced migration
6631:Collectivization
6375:
6374:
6254:First possession
6227:Bundle of rights
6032:
6025:
6018:
6009:
6008:
5943:
5930:(United Kingdom)
5873:Aung San Suu Kyi
5838:Richard R. Ernst
5815:
5808:
5801:
5792:
5791:
5781:
5773:
5771:Philip H. Dybvig
5754:
5735:
5733:Robert B. Wilson
5720:
5710:Abhijit Banerjee
5701:
5695:William Nordhaus
5689:
5681:
5669:
5661:
5653:
5637:
5635:Lloyd S. Shapley
5625:
5613:
5603:Peter A. Diamond
5597:
5585:
5577:
5575:Roger B. Myerson
5561:
5559:Edmund S. Phelps
5553:
5547:Robert J. Aumann
5541:
5529:
5517:
5505:
5478:
5472:James J. Heckman
5466:
5458:
5450:
5448:Myron S. Scholes
5444:Robert C. Merton
5438:
5426:
5418:
5412:John F. Nash Jr.
5408:John C. Harsanyi
5402:
5390:
5382:
5374:
5368:Merton H. Miller
5358:
5350:
5342:
5334:
5326:
5318:
5310:
5302:
5294:
5286:
5278:
5276:Sir Arthur Lewis
5266:
5264:Herbert A. Simon
5258:
5246:
5227:
5215:
5203:
5201:Wassily Leontief
5195:
5193:Kenneth J. Arrow
5183:
5175:
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4985:Randall Holcombe
4947:Sudhir Venkatesh
4856:Allan H. Meltzer
4851:Harry G. Johnson
4846:Phillip D. Cagan
4808:Theodore Schultz
4772:
4765:
4758:
4749:
4748:
4651:Shortage economy
4636:Market structure
4601:Herfindahl index
4525:Laurent Thévenot
4520:Richard Swedberg
4515:Lynette Spillman
4500:Mark Granovetter
4485:James S. Coleman
4457:Georg Weizsäcker
4452:Robert W. Vishny
4417:Klaus M. Schmidt
4367:Jeffrey R. Kling
4262:Douglas Bernheim
4151:Erich Zimmermann
4141:Thorstein Veblen
4121:Herbert A. Simon
4116:François Simiand
4091:Jesse W. Markham
4071:Geoffrey Hodgson
4011:Shimshon Bichler
3975:
3968:
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3952:
3951:
3922:Merton H. Miller
3915:Preceded by
3907:
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3893:Internet Archive
3813:
3808:(2nd ed.).
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2326:Coase conjecture
2320:Coase conjecture
2313:Pareto efficient
2295:) describes the
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1944:external student
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1613:Economic freedom
1500:Efficient market
1300:
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1052:Critique of work
1027:Capitalist state
710:Critique of work
593:Regulated market
495:Economic systems
448:Private property
398:Financial market
388:Entrepreneurship
383:Economic surplus
296:
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69:2 September 2013
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6748:husband-selling
6685:Illegal logging
6680:Illegal fishing
6609:
6596:
6507:Freedom to roam
6480:
6393:(agrarian land)
6366:
6323:Property rights
6215:
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6134:Estate (landed)
6117:
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5515:Vernon L. Smith
5511:Daniel Kahneman
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5436:William Vickrey
5429:
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5416:Reinhard Selten
5405:
5396:Robert W. Fogel
5393:
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5380:Ronald H. Coase
5377:
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5356:Trygve Haavelmo
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5340:Robert M. Solow
5337:
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5064:Harry Markowitz
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5038:Richard Epstein
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4937:Kevin M. Murphy
4898:
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4831:Milton Friedman
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4661:Technostructure
4616:Instrumentalism
4611:Hirschman cycle
4544:
4540:Viviana Zelizer
4510:Joel M. Podolny
4461:
4387:Gary McClelland
4352:Daniel Kahneman
4347:David Ryan Just
4342:Charles A. Holt
4322:Urs Fischbacher
4307:Stephen Duneier
4297:Werner De Bondt
4228:
4155:
4106:Jonathan Nitzan
4046:Robert H. Frank
4036:John R. Commons
4016:Robert A. Brady
3984:
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3924:
3920:
3830:, interview in
3823:Coase Institute
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3654:. January 1997.
3652:Reason magazine
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2819:Politics portal
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2685:10.1.1.424.5083
2622:
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2445:(16): 386–405.
2427:
2407:
2395:
2369:Guido Calabresi
2338:
2336:Political views
2322:
2299:of an economic
2277:
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2177:Milton Friedman
2151:
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1957:and received a
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1622:interdependence
1592:
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1490:Economic growth
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1440:Milton Friedman
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1012:Anti-capitalism
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5860:(South Africa)
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5748:Joshua Angrist
5736:
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5718:Michael Kremer
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5654:
5643:Eugene F. Fama
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5571:Eric S. Maskin
5567:Leonid Hurwicz
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5388:Gary S. Becker
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5348:Maurice Allais
5343:
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4813:George Stigler
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4732:Microeconomics
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4685:Related fields
4682:
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4530:Carlo Trigilia
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4442:Richard Thaler
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4412:Howard Rachlin
4409:
4404:
4402:Michael Norton
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4209:Douglass North
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4201:
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4191:
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4174:Armen Alchian
4171:
4169:Daron Acemoglu
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4126:Frank Stilwell
4123:
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4111:Warren Samuels
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4038:
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4021:Daniel Bromley
4018:
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3998:
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3990:
3986:
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3947:
3946:
3943:Gary S. Becker
3941:
3938:
3929:
3916:
3912:
3911:
3905:
3904:
3895:
3886:
3884:Google Scholar
3877:
3874:The New Yorker
3867:
3862:
3853:
3848:, Schumpeter,
3843:
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3825:
3820:
3814:
3795:
3784:
3777:
3776:External links
3774:
3768:
3767:
3746:978-1412965804
3745:
3729:Cato Institute
3715:Hamowy, Ronald
3704:
3701:
3698:
3697:
3657:
3639:
3618:10.1086/467274
3612:(1): 239–254.
3589:
3568:10.1086/467973
3562:(1): 103–119.
3539:
3527:
3521:978-1473905337
3520:
3500:
3493:
3473:
3469:Hein Schreuder
3460:
3441:
3420:
3401:
3378:Galer, Sarah.
3370:
3351:
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3299:
3277:
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3200:
3179:10.1086/467030
3173:(1): 163–234.
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2760:
2759:
2753:978-1137019363
2752:
2735:
2706:
2678:(2): 255–278.
2667:
2655:10.1086/467446
2647:10.1086/467446
2626:
2620:
2603:
2597:
2580:
2569:(4): 713–719.
2556:
2544:10.1086/466796
2538:(2): 357–376.
2521:
2509:10.1086/466731
2503:(1): 143–149.
2490:
2478:10.1086/466560
2455:
2426:
2423:
2415:Richard Sandor
2406:
2403:
2394:
2391:
2337:
2334:
2321:
2318:
2265:
2262:
2218:
2215:
2173:George Stigler
2147:Main article:
2144:
2141:
2129:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2108:overhead costs
2073:business firms
2065:Main article:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2001:Aaron Director
1911:
1908:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1847:
1840:
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1812:
1798:
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1735:Related topics
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1565:Rational agent
1562:
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1529:
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1512:
1510:k-percent rule
1507:
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1497:
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1475:
1472:
1471:
1468:
1467:
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1435:David Friedman
1432:
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1422:
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1411:
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1407:
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1399:
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1393:
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1360:
1355:
1353:Cato Institute
1349:
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1341:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1325:Libertarianism
1321:
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1309:Chicago school
1305:
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1215:Ordoliberalism
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1092:Market economy
1089:
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1064:
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1054:
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1006:Related topics
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901:
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884:
883:
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876:State monopoly
873:
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828:
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433:Liberalization
430:
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423:Invisible hand
420:
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410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
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350:
345:
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338:Businessperson
335:
333:Business cycle
330:
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311:
305:
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193:School or
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132:
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63:
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56:
43:
41:
37:
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28:
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24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7236:
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7067:
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7057:
7055:
7052:
7050:
7047:
7046:
7044:
7027:
7024:
7023:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:Categories:
7008:
7007:
7004:
6996:
6995:
6991:
6990:
6989:
6986:
6982:
6981:
6977:
6976:
6975:
6972:
6968:
6967:
6963:
6962:
6961:
6958:
6956:
6955:David Ricardo
6953:
6949:
6948:
6944:
6943:
6942:
6939:
6935:
6934:
6930:
6929:
6928:
6925:
6923:
6922:Elinor Ostrom
6920:
6918:
6915:
6911:
6910:
6906:
6905:
6904:
6901:
6897:
6896:
6892:
6891:
6890:
6887:
6883:
6882:
6878:
6877:
6876:
6873:
6871:
6868:
6866:
6863:
6859:
6858:
6854:
6853:
6852:
6849:
6845:
6844:
6840:
6839:
6838:
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6833:
6830:
6826:
6825:
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6816:
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6813:
6809:
6801:
6795:
6792:
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6769:
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6758:
6754:
6751:
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6743:
6741:
6738:
6736:
6733:
6732:
6731:
6728:
6726:
6723:
6721:
6720:Privatization
6718:
6716:
6713:
6711:
6708:
6706:
6703:
6701:
6700:Legal plunder
6698:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
6678:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6665:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6658:
6654:
6652:
6651:Expropriation
6649:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6629:
6625:
6622:
6621:
6620:
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6607:
6603:
6591:
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6510:
6508:
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6503:
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6498:
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6460:
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6450:
6447:
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6435:
6434:
6433:
6430:
6428:
6427:
6423:
6421:
6418:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6400:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6392:
6388:
6386:
6385:(watercourse)
6384:
6380:
6379:
6376:
6373:
6369:
6361:
6358:
6357:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6328:primogeniture
6326:
6325:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6308:Legal plunder
6306:
6302:
6299:
6298:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6265:
6262:
6260:
6259:appropriation
6257:
6256:
6255:
6252:
6250:
6249:Excludability
6247:
6245:
6242:
6238:
6235:
6234:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6224:
6222:
6218:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6183:
6181:
6179:
6175:
6167:
6164:
6163:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6150:
6147:
6146:
6145:
6142:
6140:
6137:
6135:
6132:
6130:
6127:
6126:
6124:
6120:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
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6079:
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6074:
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6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6050:
6048:
6044:
6040:
6033:
6028:
6026:
6021:
6019:
6014:
6013:
6010:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5942:
5938:
5937:
5934:
5929:
5925:
5923:
5919:
5912:
5909:
5906:
5903:
5902:
5900:
5898:
5894:
5889:
5885:
5883:
5879:
5874:
5870:
5868:
5864:
5859:
5855:
5852:
5848:
5844:
5840:(Switzerland)
5839:
5835:
5833:
5829:
5824:
5816:
5811:
5809:
5804:
5802:
5797:
5796:
5793:
5780:
5775:
5772:
5768:
5764:
5760:
5756:
5753:
5749:
5745:
5741:
5737:
5734:
5730:
5726:
5722:
5719:
5715:
5711:
5707:
5703:
5700:
5696:
5691:
5688:
5683:
5680:
5676:
5671:
5668:
5663:
5660:
5655:
5652:
5648:
5644:
5639:
5636:
5632:
5631:Alvin E. Roth
5627:
5624:
5620:
5615:
5612:
5608:
5604:
5599:
5596:
5592:
5591:Elinor Ostrom
5587:
5584:
5579:
5576:
5572:
5568:
5563:
5560:
5555:
5552:
5548:
5543:
5540:
5536:
5531:
5528:
5524:
5519:
5516:
5512:
5507:
5504:
5500:
5496:
5491:
5490:
5488:
5484:
5477:
5473:
5468:
5465:
5460:
5457:
5452:
5449:
5445:
5440:
5437:
5433:
5428:
5425:
5420:
5417:
5413:
5409:
5404:
5401:
5397:
5392:
5389:
5384:
5381:
5376:
5373:
5369:
5365:
5360:
5357:
5352:
5349:
5344:
5341:
5336:
5333:
5328:
5325:
5320:
5317:
5316:Richard Stone
5312:
5309:
5308:Gérard Debreu
5304:
5301:
5296:
5293:
5288:
5285:
5280:
5277:
5273:
5268:
5265:
5260:
5257:
5253:
5248:
5245:
5240:
5239:
5237:
5233:
5226:
5222:
5217:
5214:
5210:
5209:Gunnar Myrdal
5205:
5202:
5197:
5194:
5190:
5189:John R. Hicks
5185:
5182:
5181:Simon Kuznets
5177:
5174:
5169:
5166:
5165:Jan Tinbergen
5162:
5161:Ragnar Frisch
5157:
5156:
5154:
5150:
5146:
5142:
5135:
5130:
5128:
5123:
5121:
5116:
5115:
5112:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5074:Merton Miller
5072:
5070:
5069:Myron Scholes
5067:
5065:
5062:
5061:
5059:
5055:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5015:
5013:
5011:
5007:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4990:Anthony Downs
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4972:
4970:
4968:
4964:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4952:Steven Levitt
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4932:Sherwin Rosen
4930:
4928:
4927:Thomas Sowell
4925:
4923:
4922:James Heckman
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4909:
4907:
4905:
4901:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4881:
4879:
4877:
4873:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4861:David Laidler
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4836:Anna Schwartz
4834:
4832:
4829:
4828:
4826:
4824:
4820:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4790:
4788:
4784:
4780:
4773:
4768:
4766:
4761:
4759:
4754:
4753:
4750:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4727:Legal realism
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4689:
4687:
4683:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
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4639:
4637:
4634:
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4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
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4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
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4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
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4574:
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4569:
4567:
4564:
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4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4495:Paula England
4493:
4491:
4490:Paul DiMaggio
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4480:Fred L. Block
4478:
4476:
4473:
4472:
4470:
4468:
4464:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4427:Hersh Shefrin
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4407:Matthew Rabin
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4377:Graham Loomes
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4362:George Katona
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4337:David Halpern
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4292:Rachel Croson
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4277:Colin Camerer
4275:
4273:
4272:Sarah Brosnan
4270:
4268:
4267:Samuel Bowles
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4239:
4237:
4235:
4231:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4219:Elinor Ostrom
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4204:Claude Ménard
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4179:Masahiko Aoki
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4166:
4164:
4162:
4158:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4101:Gunnar Myrdal
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4081:Simon Kuznets
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
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4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4026:Ha-Joon Chang
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3987:
3983:
3976:
3971:
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3866:
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3857:
3854:
3851:
3850:The Economist
3847:
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3643:
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3490:
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3424:
3416:
3412:
3405:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3374:
3366:
3362:
3355:
3348:
3343:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3321:
3313:
3309:
3303:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3281:
3265:
3261:
3255:
3240:
3236:
3230:
3214:
3210:
3204:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3167:
3159:
3150:
3142:
3136:
3134:
3125:
3114:
3108:
3104:
3099:
3098:
3089:
3074:
3072:1-85743-366-1
3068:
3064:
3059:
3058:
3049:
3047:
3031:
3029:0-8379-0200-2
3025:
3021:
3016:
3015:
3006:
2991:
2987:
2980:
2978:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2943:
2941:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2906:
2898:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2873:(7472): 449.
2872:
2868:
2864:
2857:
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2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
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2359:
2353:
2349:
2347:
2341:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2317:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2305:externalities
2302:
2298:
2292:
2271:
2264:Coase theorem
2260:
2255:
2251:
2246:
2242:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2223:
2214:
2212:
2211:Coase theorem
2207:
2203:
2200:
2195:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2180:
2178:
2174:
2169:
2165:
2155:
2150:
2140:
2138:
2133:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2118:
2115:
2111:
2109:
2104:
2102:
2098:
2097:trade secrets
2093:
2088:
2086:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2068:
2053:
2051:
2050:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2024:
2016:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1997:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1916:
1907:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1896:Coase theorem
1893:
1892:externalities
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1853:
1848:
1846:
1841:
1839:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1824:
1819:
1813:
1810:
1799:
1796:
1791:
1785:
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1777:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1760:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1732:
1731:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1712:Single market
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1702:Privatization
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1682:Marketization
1680:
1678:
1677:Laissez-faire
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1657:Globalization
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1632:Exchange rate
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1598:Central banks
1596:
1595:
1588:
1587:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1555:Public choice
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1505:Friedman rule
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1470:
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1456:
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1441:
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1436:
1433:
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1428:
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1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
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1405:
1404:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1347:Organizations
1344:
1343:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1330:Neoliberalism
1328:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1291:
1286:
1284:
1279:
1277:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1240:
1239:
1238:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1205:Neoliberalism
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1150:Authoritarian
1148:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1136:
1135:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1077:Globalization
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1037:Crisis theory
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1003:
1002:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
896:
893:Intellectuals
890:
889:
882:
881:Technological
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
808:
802:
801:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
750:
744:
743:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
680:
679:
676:
674:
673:Institutional
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
657:
654:
653:
652:
649:
647:
644:
642:
639:
638:
632:
631:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
533:
532:Laissez-faire
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
506:Authoritarian
504:
502:
499:
498:
492:
491:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
473:Surplus value
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
453:Privatization
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
320:
314:
313:
310:
307:
306:
302:
298:
297:
294:
292:
288:
284:
278:
257:
248:
245:
241:
237:
233:
230:
226:
223:
219:
214:
213:Coase theorem
211:
209:Contributions
207:
204:
200:
197:
191:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
169:
165:
162:
159:
155:
150:
146:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
102:
98:
95:
91:
87:
84:
82:Resting place
80:
68:
64:
59:
42:
38:
34:
29:
22:
19:
7021:Property law
6992:
6978:
6964:
6945:
6931:
6927:Karl Polanyi
6907:
6903:Marcel Mauss
6893:
6879:
6870:David Harvey
6855:
6851:Henry George
6841:
6832:Ronald Coase
6831:
6822:
6807:
6753:wife selling
6735:bride buying
6673:repatriation
6655:
6606:Disposession
6560:
6449:Property law
6424:
6420:Forest types
6390:
6382:
6371:Applications
6301:rent-seeking
6286:Gift economy
6144:Intellectual
5971:
5928:Ronald Coase
5927:
5911:Bert Sakmann
5763:Ben Bernanke
5752:Guido Imbens
5729:Paul Milgrom
5714:Esther Duflo
5667:Angus Deaton
5583:Paul Krugman
5486:2001–present
5379:
5252:Bertil Ohlin
5018:Ronald Coase
5017:
5000:Bryan Caplan
4957:Roland Fryer
4942:John A. List
4912:Jacob Mincer
4889:Robert Fogel
4866:Scott Sumner
4841:Karl Brunner
4793:Frank Knight
4671:Veblen goods
4631:Market power
4475:Jens Beckert
4447:Amos Tversky
4422:Eldar Shafir
4287:Kay-Yut Chen
4214:Mancur Olson
4189:Ronald Coase
4188:
4086:Hunter Lewis
4076:János Kornai
3931:
3880:Ronald Coase
3849:
3831:
3810:Liberty Fund
3800:
3787:Ronald Coase
3769:
3719:
3703:Bibliography
3674:. Retrieved
3670:
3660:
3651:
3642:
3609:
3603:
3559:
3553:
3530:
3510:
3503:
3483:
3476:
3463:
3454:
3444:
3433:
3423:
3414:
3404:
3392:. Retrieved
3388:the original
3383:
3373:
3364:
3354:
3342:
3334:the original
3329:
3320:
3311:
3302:
3294:the original
3289:
3280:
3268:. Retrieved
3264:the original
3254:
3242:. Retrieved
3238:
3229:
3217:. Retrieved
3213:the original
3203:
3170:
3164:
3158:
3149:
3122:– via
3116:. Retrieved
3096:
3088:
3076:. Retrieved
3056:
3033:. Retrieved
3013:
3005:
2993:. Retrieved
2990:The Guardian
2989:
2964:. Retrieved
2952:
2927:. Retrieved
2915:
2905:
2870:
2866:
2856:
2741:
2714:
2710:
2675:
2671:
2641:(1): 15–32.
2638:
2634:
2609:
2586:
2566:
2560:
2535:
2529:
2500:
2494:
2469:
2463:
2442:
2436:
2425:Publications
2419:
2396:
2378:
2372:
2367:
2358:Arnold Plant
2355:
2351:
2343:
2339:
2323:
2267:
2257:
2253:
2248:
2244:
2239:
2235:
2228:
2208:
2204:
2196:
2183:
2181:
2160:
2134:
2130:
2116:
2112:
2105:
2089:
2082:
2078:
2070:
2047:
2041:
2035:
2033:
2031:in Chicago.
2025:
2021:
1994:
1963:Frank Knight
1955:Arnold Plant
1948:
1946:in 1927–29.
1928:telegraphist
1921:
1918:Ronald Coase
1868:Price Theory
1861:
1647:Free markets
1608:Deregulation
1573:expectations
1545:Laffer curve
1524:
1419:
1311:of economics
1127:Wage slavery
1067:Evergreening
993:
778:Mercantilism
725:Neoclassical
553:Mercantilist
530:
463:Rent seeking
428:Visible hand
255:
254:
216:Analysis of
71:(2013-09-02)
25:Ronald Coase
18:
7054:2013 deaths
7049:1910 births
6895:Das Kapital
6782:progressive
6772:inheritance
6695:Land reform
6469:real estate
6444:Land tenure
6432:Inheritance
6360:anticommons
6296:Law of rent
6276:Game theory
6206:Information
6186:Common land
6083:Cooperative
5905:Erwin Neher
5823:Nobel Prize
5675:Oliver Hart
5659:Jean Tirole
5456:Amartya Sen
5292:James Tobin
5084:Eugene Fama
5043:Robert Bork
4917:Gary Becker
4803:Jacob Viner
4646:Satisficing
4357:Ariel Kalil
4252:Nava Ashraf
4199:Avner Greif
4006:Joe S. Bain
3676:22 December
3394:3 September
3270:3 September
3244:7 September
2995:9 September
2966:25 December
2472:(1): 1–44.
2362:Abba Lerner
2330:monopolists
2192:Social Cost
2164:A. C. Pigou
1967:Jacob Viner
1515:Game theory
1210:Objectivism
1195:Libertarian
1112:Speculation
1032:Consumerism
866:Progressive
805:Development
788:Physiocracy
735:Supply-side
543:Libertarian
521:Free-market
501:Anglo-Saxon
483:Wage labour
438:Marginalism
408:Free market
363:Corporation
240:Information
167:Institution
7043:Categories
7026:by country
6988:Adam Smith
6875:John Locke
6539:indigenous
6534:aboriginal
6454:alienation
6149:indigenous
6139:Intangible
6053:Collective
5847:Literature
5744:David Card
5699:Paul Romer
4823:Monetarism
4332:Uri Gneezy
4317:Armin Falk
4302:Paul Dolan
4247:Dan Ariely
3755:2008009151
3260:"Trustees"
2929:21 January
2848:References
2621:0226111032
2598:0226111016
2346:regulation
2301:allocation
2085:Adam Smith
1864:Adam Smith
1722:Tax reform
1652:Free trade
1637:Fiat money
1391:Monetarism
1190:Liberalism
1175:Humanistic
1160:Democratic
1139:Ideologies
974:Schumpeter
720:Monetarist
651:Chartalism
598:Regulatory
573:Neoliberal
526:Humanistic
309:Capitalism
143:9 children
50:1910-12-29
6889:Karl Marx
6690:Land Back
6641:Enclosure
6624:biopiracy
6562:Bergregal
6544:squatting
6318:Ownership
6232:Commodity
6211:Knowledge
6122:By nature
6078:Customary
6068:Community
5913:(Germany)
5907:(Germany)
5832:Chemistry
5825:laureates
5235:1976–2000
5152:1969–1975
5141:Laureates
4437:Uwe Sunde
4257:Ofer Azar
3858:from the
3763:750831024
3634:153402423
3584:146511123
3195:153525815
2961:0099-9660
2924:0017-8012
2731:154727631
2702:154100464
2680:CiteSeerX
2663:154712364
2552:153715526
2517:155011558
2486:222331226
2438:Economica
2011:in 1991.
1932:leg-irons
1924:Willesden
1910:Biography
1450:Lucas Jr.
1319:Movements
1230:Third Way
1220:Privatism
1180:Inclusive
1165:Dirigisme
959:von Mises
846:Illiberal
826:Corporate
821:Community
768:Feudalism
678:Keynesian
668:Classical
511:Corporate
323:Austerity
293:in 1991.
195:tradition
93:Education
88:, Chicago
58:Willesden
7016:Property
6909:The Gift
6808:key work
6803:Scholars
6787:property
6744:spousal
6710:Poaching
6646:Eviction
6590:riparian
6551:Littoral
6459:easement
6437:executor
6408:literary
6333:usufruct
6281:Georgism
6161:Tangible
6156:Personal
6063:Communal
6046:By owner
6039:Property
5890:(France)
4786:Founders
3686:cite web
3219:17 March
2897:24153291
2763:See also
1717:Tax cuts
1473:Theories
1057:Cronyism
969:Rothbard
944:Marshall
929:Friedman
861:Merchant
816:Consumer
811:Advanced
646:Austrian
641:American
568:National
563:Monopoly
516:Dirigist
418:Investor
328:Business
317:Concepts
301:a series
299:Part of
6824:The Law
6730:Slavery
6556:Mineral
6524:Hunting
6517:pannage
6512:Grazing
6497:Fishing
6383:Acequia
6350:Rivalry
6338:women's
6196:Digital
6178:Commons
6113:Unowned
6088:Private
5882:Physics
5875:(Burma)
5143:of the
3910:Awards
3900:at the
3891:at the
3852:, 2010.
3812:. 2008.
3717:(ed.).
3118:16 July
3078:16 July
3035:16 July
2875:Bibcode
2575:2117340
1882:; and "
1536:finance
1460:Stigler
1455:Schultz
1380:Beliefs
1185:Liberal
1145:Anarcho
1082:History
914:Malthus
909:Ricardo
871:Rentier
856:Marxist
836:Finance
747:Origins
715:Marxist
663:Chicago
623:Welfare
583:Private
538:Liberal
358:Company
343:Capital
141:
133:
129:
6705:Piracy
6657:Farhud
6485:Rights
6426:Huerta
6398:Estate
6220:Theory
6201:Global
6103:Social
6093:Public
6058:Common
5777:2023:
5693:2018:
5685:2017:
5673:2016:
5665:2015:
5657:2014:
5641:2013:
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5589:2009:
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5159:1969:
3876:, 2013
3833:Reason
3761:
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3626:725475
3624:
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3435:Forbes
3193:
3187:725189
3185:
3109:
3069:
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2959:
2922:
2895:
2867:Nature
2750:
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2043:Forbes
1942:as an
1569:choice
1445:Knight
1430:Sowell
1415:Becker
1408:People
984:Weaver
979:Veblen
954:Walras
949:Pareto
939:Keynes
841:Global
608:Social
578:Nordic
548:Market
458:Profit
234:(1991)
228:Awards
121:Spouse
6794:Theft
6580:Water
6474:title
6403:legal
6391:Ejido
6129:Croft
6108:State
6073:Crown
5972:1991
5867:Peace
5821:1991
3937:1991
3713:. In
3630:S2CID
3622:JSTOR
3580:S2CID
3572:JSTOR
3415:Slate
3191:S2CID
3183:JSTOR
2727:S2CID
2717:(1).
2698:S2CID
2659:S2CID
2651:JSTOR
2571:JSTOR
2548:S2CID
2513:S2CID
2482:S2CID
2037:Slate
1999:with
1880:firms
1591:Ideas
1540:trade
1425:Fogel
1420:Coase
994:Coase
989:Weber
934:Hayek
899:Smith
831:Crony
693:Post-
613:State
603:Rhine
558:Mixed
478:Value
443:Money
157:Field
135:(
131:
6777:poll
6760:wage
6529:Land
6413:real
6166:real
6098:Self
5997:1996
5992:1995
5987:1994
5982:1993
5977:1992
5967:1990
5962:1989
5957:1988
5952:1987
5947:1986
5851:1991
5759:2022
5740:2021
5725:2020
5706:2019
3759:OCLC
3751:LCCN
3741:ISBN
3725:Sage
3692:link
3678:2023
3516:ISBN
3489:ISBN
3396:2013
3272:2013
3246:2019
3221:2011
3120:2023
3107:ISBN
3080:2023
3067:ISBN
3037:2023
3024:ISBN
2997:2018
2968:2019
2957:ISSN
2931:2022
2920:ISSN
2893:PMID
2748:ISBN
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2175:and
1965:and
964:Rand
924:Marx
904:Mill
851:Late
683:Neo-
101:BCom
66:Died
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6767:Tax
6492:Air
3733:doi
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2268:In
1520:GDP
1485:CPI
1200:Neo
1170:Eco
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688:New
656:MMT
588:Raw
242:at
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