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Robinson, cave manager, said: "Controlling the worm population presented a different challenge as it was felt unwise to use biocides or gas in a space like the cave which is regularly open to the public. The most practical approach was, therefore, to reduce the worms’ habitat. This involved removing the large volumes of soil and other debris at the base of the cave, particularly on the step below the carvings. Without their food the earthworms and
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435:, wrote that the date of the carvings "is hard to guess. They have been called Anglo-Saxon, but are more probably of various dates between the C14 and C17 (the work of unskilled men)". This would place the carvings after the time of the Templars; certainly the figures in armour are wearing full plate, which would date them to a century after the Templars' demise.
486:. When discovered, the cavity was more than half-filled with earth. The rumour was that there must be a treasure buried beneath the soil inside the cave. Several cartloads of soil were removed until bedrock was reached. The soil was discarded as worthless as it only contained a few old bones and fragments of pottery. Today's
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Palaeographia
Britannica: or, Discourses on Antiquities in Britain. Number II. Origines Roystonianæ, Part II. or a defence of Lady Roisia de Vere, Foundress of Royston, against the calumny of Mr. Parkin rector of Oxburgh. wherein his pretended answer is fully refuted : the former opinion further
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Royston Cave is a circular, bell-shaped chamber cut into the chalk bedrock. It is 8 metres (26 feet) high and 5 metres (17 feet) in diameter with a circumferential octagonal podium. The origin of this chamber is unknown. This cave is unique in
Britain for its numerous medieval carvings on the walls;
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In 2010, it was discovered that due to damp conditions in the cave insect larvae and worms were infesting and damaging the walls and carvings, and restoration works were initiated. In August 2014, it was reported that the work to remove the threat of the chalk-eating worms had been successful. James
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Canons of the town. It has been speculated that the cave was divided into two floors by a wooden floor, the evidence consisting of a single posthole and what may be beam slots to secure the platform to the walls. Two figures close together near the damaged section may be all that remains of a known
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store house: It has been claimed it was used by
Augustinian monks from the local priory, who would have required a cool store for their produce and a chapel for their devotions. The idea that it might have been a meeting place for recusant Catholics during the Reformation of the 16th century has
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soon moved on". Repair work to water pipes was also carried out as water seeping into the cave had caused cracks to appear in the carvings. Traffic vibration from vehicles using the road above the cave could still cause problems if changes to road use were to occur.
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is depicted holding the gridiron on which he was martyred. A crowned figure holding a wheel appears to be St
Catherine, and a large figure with a staff and a child on his shoulder represents St Christopher. A figure with a drawn sword could be St Michael or possibly
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churches so its inclusion with religious symbolism is not out of place. There are a number of holes, sometimes directly beneath the sculptures, which are thought to have held candles or lamps which would have illuminated the carvings.
513:. It has been claimed to run from the Thames Valley towards East Anglia, although this has recently been called into question. The modern-day A505 between Royston and Baldock approximately follows its route.
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Palaeographia
Britannica: or, Discourses on Antiquities in Britain. Number I. Origines Roystonianæ, or, an account of the Oratory of Lady Roisia, Foundress of Royston, discovered at Royston, in August 1742.
873:
An Answer To, Or
Remarks Upon Dr. Stukeley’s, Origines Roystonianæ; Wherein, The Antiquity and Imagery of the Oratory, lately discovered at Royston in Hertfordshire, Are Truly Stated, and Accounted For.
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could have analysed the soil in depth. The
Reverend G North's description of a brown earthenware cup with yellow spots discovered in the soil filling the cave sounds like a well-known early
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cell. However, none of these theories have enough hard evidence to warrant their being adopted by the Cave Trust. It is open to the public in the summer months on
Saturday, Sunday and
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Templar symbol, two knights riding the same horse. However, as the image has been repaired in modern times, this cannot be confirmed. In 1953, the architectural historian,
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Although the origin of the cave is unknown, its rediscovery is well documented. In August 1742 a workman dug a hole in the Butter Market to build
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The
Origins and Use of the Royston Cave, Being the substance of a Report, some time since presented to The Royal Society of Antiquaries
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Plate III from Joseph Beldam's book The
Origins and Use of the Royston Cave, 1884 showing the shape and floor plan of the cave.
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It is thought that the sculptures were originally coloured, but little trace of this is visible now; in the mid 19th century,
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confirmed and illustrated. To which occasionally are added, many curious matters in antiquity : and fix copper-plates.
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Royston Cave has been the source of much speculation, although it is hard to determine much about its origin and function.
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comparable examples exist only in the former Czechoslovakia and Israel. Some of the figures are thought to be those of St.
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The Royston Cave: used by saints or sinners? Local historical influences of the Templar and Hospitaller movements.
414:: It has been speculated that the cave may have been used by the Knights Templar before their dissolution by Pope
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Plate II from Joseph Beldam's book The Origins and Use of the Royston Cave, 1884 showing more of the carvings.
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Proceedings of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society. Volume LXVIII. Cambridge: The Burlington Press Ltd.
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in 1312. Although claims have been made that this religious-military institution of the
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Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of London. Minute Book IV. p. 133.
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549:. Another possibly religious symbol is the depiction of a naked woman known as a
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823:(pamphlet) Local History Series 1999 Royston and District Local History Society.
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Plate I from Joseph Beldam's book The Origins and Use of the Royston Cave, 1884
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583:. It was the subsequently the subject of a BBC News television report.
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and dug around it to remove it. He found a shaft leading down into the
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and Templars as well as possibilities that the Cave was a prison or an
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between 1199 and 1254, the market charter was in fact granted to the
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for a new bench for the patrons and traders. He discovered a buried
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is an artificial cave located in Katherine's Yard, Melbourn Street,
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731:"Conservation project saves Royston Cave from being eaten by worms"
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2019:
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Despite the restoration, in November 2018, the Cave was added to
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762:"Heritage at Risk list adds knights' cave and Grimsby's Kasbah"
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The cave is at the junction of an ancient east-west track, the
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and traces of its side ditches have been excavated at
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Harrison, S 2003 'The Icknield Way: some queries' in
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Royston: Royston and District Local History Society.
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Royston: Royston and District Local History Society.
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Royston: Royston and District Local History Society.
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46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
971:Tradition versus History - from Local History News
790:"Royston Cave: 'Knights Templar' carvings at risk"
363:. It has been speculated that it was used by the
2625:
536:. They are mostly religious images, such as the
859:Letter on a Vault Discovered at Royston, Herts.
2106:Panshanger orangery, conservatory and stables
1856:The Mrs Elizabeth Fuller Free School building
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598:
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462:The private chapel of a notable local figure
1170:St Mary the Virgin's Church, Little Hormead
924:The Medieval Structure within Royston Cave.
737:. Cambridge. 21 August 2014. Archived from
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966:Subterranea of Great Britain: Royston Cave
2654:Grade I listed buildings in Hertfordshire
1247:St Mary and St Thomas's Church, Knebworth
593:
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1889:Old St Lawrence Church, Ayot St Lawrence
1722:St Margaret of Antioch's Church, Bygrave
1387:New St Lawrence Church, Ayot St Lawrence
961:Historic England: Royston Cave - 1015594
909:Royston Cave: Used By Saints or Sinners?
686:The Buildings of England: Hertfordshire.
515:
452:
1566:Haileybury and Imperial Service College
888:The Origin and Use of The Royston Cave.
845:The Buildings of England: Hertfordshire
383:afternoons between Easter and October.
2626:
2450:Trigg's Barn/37 High Street, Stevenage
2273:Letchworth Garden City railway station
627:
1935:
1732:St Mary Magdalene's Church, Caldecote
1634:Dyrham Park lodges and arched gateway
1498:St Peter's Church, Great Berkhamstead
1407:
1222:St John the Baptist's Church, Royston
1037:
998:
938:A Medieval Mystery at the Crossroads.
900:Beamon, S.P. and Donel, L.G. (1978).
890:Fourth Edition. Royston: Warren Bros.
759:
2659:Scheduled monuments in Hertfordshire
2644:Tourist attractions in Hertfordshire
553:. This figure is sometimes found on
528:could still see the yellow dress of
153:
44:adding citations to reliable sources
15:
1541:Chapel at St Edmund's College, Ware
1155:St James' Church, Stanstead Abbotts
990:an article by a local archaeologist
505:. Icknield Way was used during the
13:
1180:Woodhall Park (Heath Mount School)
985:Sheela na Gig depicted in the cave
931:A Pictorial Guide To Royston Cave.
644:National Heritage List for England
613:National Heritage List for England
501:, and the north-south Roman road,
14:
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1288:St Helen's Church, Wheathampstead
1099:St Mary's Church, Hemel Hempstead
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902:An Investigation of Royston Cave.
1227:St Katharine's Church, Ickleford
911:Baldock: Cortney Publications. (
688:Revised edition. Penguin, p 282
684:Pevsner, N & Cherry, B 1971
402:
152:
145:
129:
20:
2563:Statue of Robert Gascoyne-Cecil
2523:The Beehive, Welwyn Garden City
2497:Watford Grammar School for Boys
1094:Berkhamsted School Old Building
851:
760:Brown, Mark (8 November 2018).
31:needs additional citations for
2298:St George's Church, Letchworth
2131:The White Horse, Burnham Green
2005:Old Town Hall, Hemel Hempstead
1959:Cheshunt Great House (remains)
1795:St Stephen's Church, St Albans
1780:St Leonard's Church, Sandridge
1692:St Nicholas' Church, Hinxworth
1298:St Michael's Church, St Albans
1273:Old Gorhambury House (remains)
723:
719:10.1080/00665983.2003.11078167
700:
678:
658:
561:
469:
465:Wayside Hermitage or Anchorite
1:
2548:The Horse and Groom, Hatfield
2543:Hope and Anchor, Welham Green
2121:St John's Church, Letty Green
2056:All Saints' Church, Hockerill
1785:St Nicholas Church, Harpenden
1727:St Martin's Church, Knebworth
1521:All Nations Christian College
1493:The Old Bell, Hemel Hempstead
1408:
259:Unknown, rediscovered in 1742
2308:St Mary's Church, Letchworth
2217:The White Horse, Potters Bar
2101:Little Munden Primary School
1936:
1790:St Peter's Church, St Albans
1742:St Vincent's Church, Newnham
1596:St Andrew's Church, Buckland
1526:All Saints' Church, Hertford
1453:173 High Street, Berkhamsted
355:. It is protected as both a
343:. It is located beneath the
7:
2379:The Queen's Head, Sandridge
2303:St Nicholas' Church, Norton
2212:The White Hart, South Mimms
2086:Hertford Museum Tooke House
1217:Holy Trinity Church, Weston
1160:St Leonard's Church, Bengeo
1038:
951:Official Site: Royston Cave
10:
2680:
2445:The Thomas Alleyne Academy
2172:The Green Man, Potters Bar
1995:Inns of Court War Memorial
1990:The Green Dragon, Flaunden
1954:Broxbourne railway station
1884:Mill Green Museum and Mill
1760:All Saints Pastoral Centre
1682:All Saints Church, Willian
1677:All Saints Church, Radwell
1293:St Mary's Church, Redbourn
1175:Waytemore Castle (remains)
1125:Benington Castle (remains)
668:Cortney Publications, 1);
586:
357:scheduled ancient monument
161:Shown within Hertfordshire
2538:The Eight Bells, Hatfield
2515:
2492:St John's Church, Watford
2474:
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2422:
2321:
2230:
2162:Duke of York, Potters Bar
2157:The Chequers, Potters Bar
2144:
2136:The White Horse, Hertford
2048:
2035:St John's Church, Boxmoor
1967:
1946:
1942:
1931:
1907:
1899:Templewood Primary School
1864:
1841:
1808:
1750:
1687:The Cloisters, Letchworth
1667:
1619:
1511:
1468:The Bury, Hemel Hempstead
1443:
1420:
1416:
1403:
1382:Hatfield House/Old Palace
1369:
1361:St Mary's Church, Watford
1356:Holy Rood Church, Watford
1348:
1332:
1311:
1260:
1242:St Mary's Church, Hitchin
1237:St Mary's Church, Baldock
1232:St Mary's Church, Ashwell
1204:
1188:
1130:Hertford Castle Gatehouse
1107:
1071:
1050:
1046:
1033:
936:Houldcroft, P.T. (2008).
929:Houldcroft, P.T. (1998).
922:Houldcroft, P.T. (1995).
581:Heritage at Risk Register
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2192:Potters Bar War Memorial
2167:Dyrham Park Country Club
2000:The Mansion, Berkhamsted
1606:Yeomanry House, Hertford
1084:Ashridge Business School
639:"Royston Cave (1102013)"
608:"Royston Cave (1015594)"
422:held a weekly market at
118:Cave in Royston, England
2573:The Wrestlers, Hatfield
2553:The Green Man, Hatfield
2404:Sopwell Nunnery (ruins)
2126:The Tilbury, Datchworth
2096:The Horns, Bull's Green
2071:Buntingford Manor House
1712:Princess Helena College
1611:Youngsbury Stable Block
1591:Pishiobury Park Mansion
1531:Almshouses, Buntingford
449:little to recommend it.
389:Catherine of Alexandria
361:Grade I listed building
2664:Royston, Hertfordshire
2639:Chalk mines in England
2634:Caves of Hertfordshire
2558:The Red Lion, Hatfield
2502:Watford Palace Theatre
2466:Croxley Green Windmill
2374:Ye Olde Fighting Cocks
2253:British Schools Museum
2111:Red House, Buntingford
2061:Benson Memorial Church
1644:Knightsland Farm House
1165:St Mary's Church, Ware
883:Stamford: F. Howgrave.
830:(John Warren, 1884).
708:Archaeological Journal
521:
458:
209:52.048333°N 0.022778°W
2487:The Old Station House
2440:Stevenage Clock Tower
2248:Breachwood Green Mill
2182:The Lion, Potters Bar
2066:Brent Pelham Windmill
1980:Berkhamsted Town Hall
1737:St Paul's Walden Bury
907:Beamon, S.P. (1992).
897:Royston: Warren Bros.
895:A History of Royston.
893:Kingston, A. (1906).
878:Stukeley, W. (1746).
864:Stukeley, W. (1743).
821:Guide to Royston Cave
519:
456:
367:, who founded nearby
2610:52.04833°N 0.02278°W
2278:Letchworth Town Hall
2268:Lannock Mill, Weston
2243:Ashwell War Memorial
1770:New Gorhambury House
1463:Bridgewater Monument
1150:Shire Hall, Hertford
1079:130–136 Piccotts End
1025:Listed buildings in
540:and various saints.
272:Royston Town Council
214:52.048333; -0.022778
40:improve this article
2606: /
2339:Childwickbury Manor
2231:North Hertfordshire
2152:Bhaktivedanta Manor
2081:Christ Church, Ware
1765:St Albans Town Hall
1702:Homewood, Knebworth
1669:North Hertfordshire
1478:Dean Incent's House
1324:St Nicholas' Church
1283:St Albans Cathedral
1205:North Hertfordshire
1140:Rye House Gatehouse
976:Article on the cave
886:Beldam, J. (1898).
871:Parkin, C. (1744).
741:on 19 December 2015
532:and the red of the
205: /
125:
2615:52.04833; -0.02278
2369:The Old Kings Arms
2364:The Lower Red Lion
2116:Rowneybury Cottage
2049:East Hertfordshire
2040:Tring Market House
1586:Much Hadham Palace
1513:East Hertfordshire
1503:Tring Park Mansion
1196:Tyttenhanger House
1108:East Hertfordshire
857:North, G. (1742).
843:Nikolaus Pevsner,
798:. 14 November 2018
522:
492:post-medieval type
459:
291:Scheduled monument
277:Public access
123:
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2507:Watford Town Hall
2349:Colney Heath Mill
2258:Hitchin Town Hall
1927:
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1775:Redbournbury Mill
1717:Spirella Building
1581:Marden Hill House
1571:Hare Street House
1399:
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875:London: J. Hoyles
868:London: R. Manby.
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2528:The Brocket Arms
2394:St Albans School
2283:Lytton Mausoleum
2177:Ladbrooke School
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1933:
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1879:Digswell Viaduct
1800:Westwick Cottage
1488:Golden Parsonage
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1319:Rooks Nest House
1278:Rothamsted Manor
1115:Aston Bury Manor
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826:Beldam, Joseph.
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604:Historic England
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577:Historic England
433:Nikolaus Pevsner
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2516:Welwyn Hatfield
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2482:High Elms Manor
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2430:Barclay Academy
2418:
2359:Hare and Hounds
2329:The Blue Anchor
2317:
2293:Putteridge Bury
2226:
2222:Wyllyotts Manor
2140:
2044:
1963:
1938:
1919:
1903:
1866:Welwyn Hatfield
1860:
1837:
1804:
1746:
1707:Knebworth House
1697:Hinxworth Place
1663:
1639:Hilfield Castle
1615:
1551:Cromer Windmill
1507:
1483:Gaddesden Place
1439:
1435:Theobalds House
1412:
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1370:Welwyn Hatfield
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795:BBC News Online
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664:Beamon, S 1992
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569:brandling worms
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365:Knights Templar
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2414:The White Lion
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1212:Hitchin Priory
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1145:Scott's Grotto
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980:Philip Coppens
973:
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956:Royston Museum
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946:
945:External links
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735:Cambridge News
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55:"Royston Cave"
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2421:
2415:
2412:
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2409:Verulam House
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2399:Sopwell House
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2389:The Six Bells
2387:
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2202:Shenley Lodge
2200:
2198:
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2188:
2187:Oakmere House
2185:
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2091:Hopper's Hall
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2010:Pendley Manor
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1601:Stansted Hall
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1576:Hanbury Manor
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1135:Hunsdon House
1133:
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1058:Eleanor Cross
1056:
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1027:Hertfordshire
1020:
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917:0-904378-40-3
914:
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736:
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726:
720:
716:
713:, 1-22, p 15
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551:Sheela na Gig
548:
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531:
527:
526:Joseph Beldam
518:
514:
512:
508:
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503:Ermine Street
500:
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477:
464:
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460:
455:
447:
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409:
408:
403:Main theories
400:
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366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
349:Ermine Street
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178:Hertfordshire
175:
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127:
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110:
107:
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88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
2591:
2568:Tolmers Park
2459:Three Rivers
2354:Fleur de Lys
2238:Ashwell Bury
2197:Shenley Hall
2030:Stocks House
1828:Oxhey Chapel
1810:Three Rivers
1659:Wrotham Park
1556:Fanhams Hall
1458:Ashlyns Hall
1430:Rawdon House
1377:Brocket Hall
1333:Three Rivers
1252:Royston Cave
1251:
937:
930:
923:
908:
901:
894:
887:
879:
872:
865:
858:
852:Bibliography
844:
838:Google Books
831:
827:
820:
800:. Retrieved
793:
784:
772:. Retrieved
767:The Guardian
765:
755:
743:. Retrieved
739:the original
734:
725:
710:
707:
702:
696:Google Books
689:
685:
680:
665:
660:
648:. Retrieved
642:
629:
617:. Retrieved
611:
574:
565:
530:St Catherine
523:
499:Icknield Way
496:
473:
406:
393:St. Lawrence
385:
381:Bank Holiday
353:Icknield Way
333:Royston Cave
332:
331:
124:Royston Cave
120:
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
2613: /
2076:Button Snap
1823:Langleybury
1818:Hunton Park
1546:County Hall
1536:Bayfordbury
1268:Clock Tower
1063:Wormleybury
802:14 November
562:Restoration
542:St Lawrence
538:Crucifixion
534:Holy Family
488:archaeology
470:Rediscovery
446:Augustinian
440:Freemason's
428:Augustinian
314:Identifiers
212: /
188:Coordinates
2628:Categories
2598:52°02′54″N
2015:Rex Cinema
1947:Broxbourne
1874:Ayot House
1422:Broxbourne
1303:Verulamium
1120:Balls Park
1051:Broxbourne
774:8 November
745:24 October
674:0904378403
373:Freemasons
347:formed by
345:crossroads
298:Designated
264:Site notes
197:52°02′54″N
66:newspapers
2601:0°01′22″W
2423:Stevenage
2322:St Albans
2313:Stagenhoe
2207:Wall Hall
2145:Hertsmere
1915:Stevenage
1851:The Grove
1752:St Albans
1649:Lululaund
1621:Hertsmere
1473:Cell Park
1410:Grade II*
1340:Moor Park
1312:Stevenage
1261:St Albans
1189:Hertsmere
833:Available
691:Available
547:St George
480:millstone
416:Clement V
377:anchorite
269:Ownership
236:5m (17ft)
228:8m (26ft)
200:0°01′22″W
96:July 2011
2344:The Cock
2334:The Boot
2263:Howgills
1937:Grade II
1833:Redheath
1561:Goldings
770:. London
555:medieval
507:Iron Age
476:footings
351:and the
246:Material
170:Location
2475:Watford
2020:Rossway
1968:Dacorum
1843:Watford
1445:Dacorum
1349:Watford
1072:Dacorum
1040:Grade I
847:, 1953.
815:General
650:8 March
619:8 March
587:Sources
511:Baldock
424:Royston
369:Baldock
341:England
337:Royston
325:1015594
256:Founded
241:History
182:England
174:Royston
80:scholar
915:
672:
438:Early
225:Length
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
484:chalk
442:Lodge
250:Chalk
233:Width
87:JSTOR
73:books
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