288:(or the nitistas), that had promoted inflammatory rhetoric against a purported “white-mestiço elite”, as well as against socioeconomic policies that they had attributed to the continuing widespread and deeply embedded poverty in Angola. This came after the war for independence but right as the civil war began to take form. The latter point made Mingas, a moderate within the movement, a personal adversary of the nitistas.
228:(EPLA) under the pseudonym Lutuima. He was named the Director of the Center of Revolutionary Instruction of the Eastern Front, a position he occupied until 1972, including a time when in which he assumed leadership of the “Movement of Readjustment of the Eastern Front”. In 1972, he was transferred to the Department of Foreign Relations, being also invited to work in the party's regional offices in
276:
country. In terms of financial and economic policy, he established a period of especially cautious transition against enormous financial difficulties for the country, attempting to contain increasing public debt, maintaining balance and budgetary losses, and creating institutional financial stability.
178:; athlete and administrator Júlia Rodrigues Mingas; and police captain José "Zé" Rodrigues Mingas. His family has also had a very strong connection to Angolan nationalism, primarily through his father, André Mongone, founder and one of the leaders of the African National League, and through his uncle,
275:
With the proclamation of
Angolan independence on 11 November 1975, he took office as part of the aforementioned Revolutionary Council, along with heading the Directory of Agriculture and Accounting Services. He reformed the directory and, in March 1976, became the first Minister of Finance of the new
267:
The functions of the transitional governments cabinet were suspended in August 1975, with Mingas returning to combat as a major in FAPLA, being on the front lines to capture Luanda. The MPLA forces were victorious with guaranteed control of the capital. Even while in armed combat, he took part in, as
239:
in
Brazzaville. He was invited by Neto to serve as the chief of the MPLA office in Stockholm, Sweden, in the European country that most strongly supported the MPLA outside of those in the Socialist Bloc. He makes mention of his time in Cuba and Sweden in his poems, publishing them in a collection for
189:
He became a militant in the nationalist movements, influenced by his uncle. However, as a result of both his uncle and his father being arrested in the beginning of the 1960s, he moved to
Portugal for his studies. There, he came to be known as an excellent athlete and sportsman. While playing for a
304:
On 27 May 1977, the nitistas attempted to overthrow the state. Various national leaders were taken hostage, among them Mingas, who had driven to meet with Neto and lead a group to attempt to retake the 9th
Brigade headquarters and take control of the mutinous troops. Mingas was captured by the
328:
ordered the revision of the official history of the events of the 1977 coup attempt inside the “Reconciliation Plan in Memory of
Victims of Armed Conflict in Angola”. Mingas’ daughter, lawyer Xissole Madeira Vieira Dias Mingas, received, in June 2021, her father's official death certificate.
185:
As a member of an upper-class
African family in Luanda, he was able to receive extensive schooling, concluding his studies at the Instituto Médio Industrial de Luanda. However, he soon began involving himself with the anti-colonial struggle, mainly using literature as his form of political
535:
259:
On 8 November 1974 he lodged with the “delegation of 26” of the party, led by secretary-general Lara. His participation contributed to his rapid ascension into leadership positions in the MPLA, including being elected to the
Central Committee of the Movement. In January 1975, at the
300:
from the party. At the same time, his youngest brother, Zé Mingas, a police commander in the
Directory of Information and Security of Angola (DISA), had become a supporter of the nitistas and informed Alves of plans to dismantle the coup attempt against the state.
291:
On their side, during a meeting with the
Central Committee of the MPLA in February 1977, Mingas was one of those who accused the nitistas of “fractionalism”. Along with this, on 21 May 1977, he became aware of documents relating to the expulsion of
539:
309:, where they were later burned alive. Zé Mingas was not aware of the plans of the nitistas to kidnap and kill his brother, and himself was ultimately killed during the violent repression by the state against the coup attempt.
251:
to discuss and attempt one last solution to split the Active Revolt and the
Eastern Revolt. Frustrated and obliged to, he received permission with other commanders to reformulate the EPLA and transformed it into the
240:
the first time in Stockholm. He adopted the literary pseudonym "Gasmin Rodrigues". He was proven to be a formidable polyglot, having learned, along with Portuguese, Spanish, English, Swedish, Russian, and French.
166:, on 13 February 1934, the son of André "Mongone" Rodrigues Mingas and Antónia Diniz de Aniceto Vieira Dias. Some of his siblings are also notable figures in Angolan history, such as singers and composers
190:
local sports team, he was warned that he would be arrested. He was able to outsmart the Portuguese police under the pretext of participating in a sports competition in Spain, and subsequently fled to
522:"Il Manifesto - quotidiano comunista: Entrevista a Saydi Mingas, dirigente do MPLA, em Mogadiscio, Somália, durante a cimeira da OUA. Situação do MPLA, "Documento dos 19", próximo Congresso do MPLA"
122:(13 February 1934 – 27 May 1977) was an Angolan revolutionary, economist, writer, and politician who was a notable figure in the anti-colonial struggle for independence in Angola. He was the first
235:
After his roles on the Eastern Front and in Lusaka, he rose quickly to leadership positions in the MPLA, going on to become a part of the inner circles of Neto and Lara, mainly during the
718:
706:
802:
209:. He also received military training with a specialization in martial arts. His time in Cuba transformed him, along with being a nationalist, into a Marxist.
201:
He remained serving in various European offices of the MPLA during a certain period until he was able to receive a scholarship to continue his studies in
253:
225:
205:. While in Cuba, he graduated as an economist at the Instituto de Planificación Física and earned a doctorate degree in economics from the
321:
building, as well as various governmental institutions. There are many other monuments and public places spread throughout the country.
247:
and the expectations of the decolonization of Angola, he was invited by Neto in July 1974 to serve in as a party representative at the
272:, the writing of a constitutional document as a coordinator, writing the main economic tenets of the Angolan Constitution of 1975.
658:
348:"Das Ingombotas ao Bairro Operário: Políticas Metropolitanas, Trânsitos e Memórias no Espaço Urbano Luandense (Angola, 1940-1960)"
777:
586:
682:
509:"Angola & Literatura - 'POESIA', de Saydi Mingas - Luanda 1978 - RARO". Livros Ultramar - Guerra Colonial. 14 February 2017.
812:
419:
762:
807:
752:
797:
317:
Mingas is remembered as one of the greatest national heroes of Angola. His name is given to a plaza in Luanda, near the
782:
264:, he organized the Presidential Council on the Transition of Government as the minister of Planning and Finances.
560:
305:
nitistas from DISA and was taken, along with Eugénio Nzaji and other military personnel against the revolt, to
248:
487:
757:
123:
817:
772:
747:
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217:
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The Origins of the Angolan Civil War. International Politics and Domestic Political Conflict 1961—1976
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767:
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O Movimento Popular Pela Libertação de Angola (MPLA) : de elite revolucionária a elite dirigente
147:
695:
Liceu Almirante Lopes Alves / Liceu Nacional do Lobito / Escola de 3.º nível Comandante Saydi Mingas
632:
195:
670:
645:
792:
719:
Filhas de Nito Alves e Saidy Mingas falam em perdão mas lamentam a dor de não crescer com os pais
318:
536:""O País tem uma falta de memória histórica generalizada" - Maria Helena, viúva de Iko Carreira"
347:
742:
737:
521:
450:. The London School of Economics And Political Science / ProQuest LLC. p. 465 and 489.
244:
206:
130:(or the "Council of the Revolution"). He was also a member of the Central Committee of the
83:
8:
284:
By 1976, there began to be a secretly formed opposition group within the MPLA called the
402:
A Revolta Activa - Os conflitos identitários no contexto de luta de Libertação Nacional
325:
179:
50:
572:
707:
Governo angolano lançou novo plano de reconciliação. Oposição quer "ver para crer"
614:
175:
174:, the latter of whom wrote the Angolan national anthem; linguist and investigator
261:
369:
167:
659:
Luís dos Passos. «Quem matou em casa do Kiferro foi o Tony Laton» (Parte 2 fim)
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135:
442:
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139:
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of Angola and one of the ten members of the first national legislature, the
221:
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Elites independentistas e nacionalismo no século XX: Angola (1956-1975)
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293:
269:
232:. While there, he officially made his codename, Saíde, his legal name.
171:
159:
87:
182:, a pioneer of Angolan pop music and a founding member of the MPLA.
229:
163:
55:
46:
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Fernado João da Costa Cabral Andresen Guimarães (March 1992).
345:
612:
417:
191:
202:
131:
573:
Dossier 270: O 27 de Maio de 1977 em Angola - Cronologia
485:
400:
Fátima d'Alva Penha Salvaterra Peres (31 March 2010).
587:"Manuel Rui Monteiro recordado por Fernando Oliveira"
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Memórias de um golpe: O 27 de maio de 1977 em Angola
519:
120:
Avelino Henrique Saíde Vieira Dias Rodrigues Mingas
33:
Avelino Henrique Saíde Vieira Dias Rodrigues Mingas
683:INEF prepara professores sob condições inadequadas
504:
502:
418:Sousa, Ana Carolina Melos de. (7 December 2016).
198:, owing to his formal affiliation with the MPLA.
729:
626:
224:, and became a member of and fighting with the
499:
142:, he was killed by people associated with the
803:African politicians assassinated in the 1970s
584:
578:
254:People's Armed Forces of Liberation of Angola
226:People's Armed Forces of Liberation of Angola
132:Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola
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528:
427:. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul.
436:
434:
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212:He returned to the party headquarters in
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370:"Saydi Mingas. Documentos referenciados"
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346:Nascimento, Washington Santos. (2015).
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673:. Jornal de Angola. 24 September 2017.
613:Inácio Luiz Guimarães Marques (2012).
475:
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563:. Jornal de Angola. 31 January 2019.
520:Maria-Delfina Bonada (6 July 1974).
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384:
561:Governo de Transição foi há 44 anos
454:
128:Revolutionary Council of the People
13:
709:. VOA Português. 11 December 2019.
622:. Universidade Federal Fluminense.
585:Manuel Albano (21 November 2021).
14:
829:
648:. Banco Nacional de Angola. 2018.
486:Luís, João Baptista Gime (2021).
712:
700:
688:
676:
664:
566:
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778:Angolan independence activists
685:. Jornal de Angola. 9 May 2021
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404:. Universidade NOVA de Lisboa.
362:
339:
1:
813:People from Portuguese Angola
332:
324:In 2019, president of Angola
249:Organisation of African Unity
134:(MPLA). A close associate of
763:20th-century Angolan writers
721:. VOA Português. 5 June 2021
575:. Esquerda.Net. 22 May 2017.
153:
7:
808:20th-century Angolan people
753:University of Havana alumni
218:Angolan War of Independence
10:
834:
798:People executed by burning
352:Locus: Revista de História
220:. He obtained the rank of
495:. Universidade de Lisboa.
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148:1977 Angolan coup attempt
94:
79:
63:
28:
21:
538:. Club-K. Archived from
524:. Fundação Mário Soares.
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783:Angolan revolutionaries
671:Chama eterna dos heróis
661:. Kesongo. 7 June 2022.
319:National Bank of Angola
158:Mingas was born in the
298:José Jacinto Van-Dúnem
196:Mário Pinto de Andrade
194:. He took refuge with
697:. SIPA. 27 July 2011.
243:In the middle of the
245:Carnation Revolution
216:in 1971, during the
207:University of Havana
84:University of Havana
758:Angolan politicians
589:. Jornal de Angola.
542:on 5 September 2019
124:Minister of Finance
818:Vieira Dias family
773:Angolan economists
748:People from Luanda
16:Angolan politician
180:Liceu Vieira Dias
117:
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51:Portuguese Angola
825:
788:Angolan Marxists
768:MPLA politicians
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43:12 February 1934
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635:. MINFIN. 2020.
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262:Alvor Agreement
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80:Alma mater
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24:
17:
12:
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5:
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793:Angolan rebels
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136:Agostinho Neto
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74:Luanda, Angola
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71:(aged 43)
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32:
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326:João Lourenço
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268:a request of
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237:Active Revolt
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176:Amélia Mingas
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544:. Retrieved
540:the original
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374:. Retrieved
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286:Fractionists
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186:expression.
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168:André Mingas
162:district of
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144:fractionists
119:
118:
69:(1977-05-27)
23:Saíde Mingas
743:1977 deaths
738:1934 births
214:Brazzaville
146:during the
95:Occupations
67:27 May 1977
732:Categories
646:"História"
333:References
307:Sambizanga
294:Nito Alves
270:Manuel Rui
172:Ruy Mingas
140:Lúcio Lara
110:politician
39:1934-02-12
256:(FAPLA).
160:Ingombota
154:Biography
101:economist
633:História
546:31 March
376:31 March
107:soldier
313:Legacy
230:Lusaka
164:Luanda
104:writer
56:Angola
47:Luanda
620:(PDF)
493:(PDF)
448:(PDF)
425:(PDF)
372:. ATD
280:Death
222:major
192:Paris
54:(now
548:2024
378:2024
358:(1).
296:and
203:Cuba
170:and
138:and
64:Died
29:Born
88:PhD
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595:^
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410:^
386:^
356:21
354:.
350:.
150:.
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86:(
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37:(
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