Knowledge

Sabaeans

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34:15-17. In surah al-Maeeda, they are mentioned as follows: “Those who believe, and those who are Jewish, and the Christians, and the Sabeans—any who believe in God and the Last Day, and act righteously—will have their reward with their Lord; they have nothing to fear, nor will they grieve.” Their
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Sabaeans are mentioned many times in the Baha’i Writings as regional people and of their religious practice. The religion is considered among the true religion of God as an early part of a historical process of progressive revelation where God guides humanity by sending Divine Educators throughout
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The Arabs during the pre-Islamic period used to practice certain things that were included in the Islamic Sharia. They, for example, did not marry both a mother and her daughter. They considered marrying two sisters simultaneously to be the most heinous crime. They also censured anyone who married
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dates the kingdom to around 1200 BCE, while Robert Nebes states that the formation of the Sabean polity took place in the 10th century BCE at the latest, noting that the earliest known Sabean ruler, Yada'il bin Damar'ali, dates to before 900 BCE. Originally, the Sabaeans were one of the
1150:, threw rocks and washed themselves after sexual intercourse. They also gargled, sniffed water up into their noses, clipped their fingernails, removed all pubic hair and performed ritual circumcision. Likewise, they cut off the right hand of a thief and stoned Adulterers. 1026:, the Middle Sabaean Kingdom reappeared in the early second century. Note that the Middle Sabaean Kingdom was different from the Ancient Sabaean Kingdom in many important respects. The Sabaean kingdom was finally conquered by the Ḥimyarites in the late 1283:
time to teach people of the religion of God. They have also been mentioned in the book Secrets of Divine Civilization by `Abdu’l-Bahá’ as those peoples who have possibly contributed to the foundations of the science of logic.
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is "an anachronistic seventh-century set piece." The Kingdom fell after a long but sporadic civil war between several Yemenite dynasties claiming kingship; from this, the late
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
1158:, Sabaeans accepted both the sensible and intelligible world. They did not follow religious laws but centered their worship on spiritual entities. 2143: 998:) of this tribal community managed to create a huge commonwealth of shaʿbs occupying most of South Arabian territory and took the title Sabaean: 3600: 2118: 985:), "communities", on the edge of the Sayhad desert. Very early, at the beginning of the 1st millennium BC, the political leaders (Sabaean: 1035: 2136: 931: 1961: 3337: 1937: 169: 1091:, their presence is also felt in Africa where they left numerous traces such as inscriptions and temples that date back to the 1824:"Yeha and Hawelti: cultural contacts between Sabaʾ and DʿMT — New research by the German Archaeological Institute in Ethiopia" 1780: 2083: 1790: 1342: 2924: 1104: 3934: 1071:
east of them. The Sabaeans, like the other Yemenite kingdoms of the same period, were involved in the extremely lucrative
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L'unification du Yémen antique. La lutte entre Saba’, Himyar et le Hadramawt de Ier au IIIème siècle de l'ère chrétienne
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Arabic Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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believe that "the Sabaean kingdom began to flourish only from the eighth century BC onward" and that the story of
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Several factors caused a significant decline of the Sabaean state and civilization by the end of the
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Names are sorted alphabetically. Standard form: Islamic name / Biblical name (title or relationship)
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to the north, the Sabeans on the southwestern tip, stretching from the highlands to the sea; the
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David and Solomon: In Search of the Bible's Sacred Kings and the Roots of the Western Tradition
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Klotz, David (2015). "Darius I and the Sabaeans: Ancient Partners in Red Sea Navigation".
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but after the disintegration of the first Himyarite Kingdom of the kings of Saba' and
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The exact date of the foundation of Sabaʾ is a point of disagreement among scholars.
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Thinking Outside the Box: Essays on the History and (Under)Development of Ethiopia
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Prophets in the Quran: An Introduction to the Quran and Muslim Exegesis
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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dates the kingdom to between 1200 BCE and 275 CE, with its capital at
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Japp, Sarah; Gerlach, Iris; Hitgen, Holger; Schnelle, Mike (2011).
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compared the religious practices of South Arabia to Islam in his
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The Oxford History of the Ancient Near East: The Age of Persia
1962:"The Secret of Divine Civilization | Bahá'í Reference Library" 1411: 1246:
mention in surah al-Naml refers to the area in the context of
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his stepmother, and called him dhaizan. They made the major
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Inscription that shows religious practice during pilgrimage
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S. Arabian "Inscription of Abraha" in the Sabaean language
2078:. Vol. 5. Oxford University Press. pp. 299–375. 2074:. In Radner, Karen; Moeller, Nadine; Potts, D. T. (eds.). 5825:
States and territories established in the 12th century BC
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States and territories disestablished in the 3rd century
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The name of Saba' is mentioned in the Qur'an in surah
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as well as numerous documents in the related cursive
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The Articulate in the History of Arabs before Islam,
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E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936
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of the former Sabaean capital of Ma'rib, amidst the
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a machine-translated version of the Arabic article.
2158: 1729:Middle Sabaic BN Z: clan group, or head of clan?. 1416: 1414: 1142:, performed the circumambulation around the Ka'ba 1105:Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia § South Arabia 2092:Ryckmans, J., Müller, W. W., and ‛Abdallah, Yu., 5776: 4598:, literally 'The Farthest Place-of-Prostration') 3186:Mother Abiona or Amtelai the daughter of Karnebo 1578: 1550: 1476: 1406:Aksum: An African Civilization of Late Antiquity 1177:Sabaeans are mentioned in the biblical books of 1146:, ran seven times between Mounts Safa and Marwa 963:The origin of the Sabaean Kingdom is uncertain. 1559: 1205:. The latter mentions Sabaeans as having slain 1185:(which includes the account of Solomon and the 1018:. Saba' was conquered by the Himyarites in the 1828:Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 1608: 1606: 1161: 94:accompanying your translation by providing an 56:Click for important translation instructions. 43:expand this article with text translated from 2144: 925: 2258:(wolf) that Jacob feared could attack Joseph 1551:Finkelstein, Israel; Silberman, Neil Asher, 1479:Queen of Sheba: treasures from ancient Yemen 1154:According to the medieval religious scholar 575: 561: 546:Sabaeans are mentioned several times in the 146: 1603: 1514:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 116. 595: 4616:A Mosque in the area of Medina, possibly: 3930:ibn Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim 3732:Current Ummah of Islam (Ummah of Muhammad) 3110:(Joshua, companion and successor of Moses) 2151: 2137: 1992:. Paris, 1990 (Bibliothèque de Raydan, 1). 1262:"People of Tubbaʿ", which occurs in surah 932: 918: 182: 2477: 2094:Textes du Yémen Antique inscrits sur bois 2048: 2024: 1878:"Explaining Away the Greek Gods in Islam" 1875: 1863:Bulugh al-'Arab fi Ahwal al-'Arab, Vol. 2 1715: 1703: 1691: 1533: 1531: 188:Map of the Kingdom in the 8th century BCE 1746:"Yemen | Facts, History & News" 1574:] (in German), Mordtmann, p. 53 1447: 1395: 1216: 1108: 943: 1612: 1510:On the Reliability of the Old Testament 1505: 1326: 5777: 3440:(Qaddar ibn Salif and Musda' ibn Dahr) 3326:Believer (Hizbil or Hizqil ibn Sabura) 3130: 1778: 1565: 1528: 1374:"The kingdoms of ancient South Arabia" 1098: 5208: 4796:Events, incidents, occasions or times 4794: 4183: 3519: 3175:Mother Shamkhah bint Anush or Betenos 3129: 2903:)' or 'Owner of the Fish (or Whale)') 2684: 2184: 2171: 2132: 2069: 1995: 1679: 1667: 1597: 1270:50:12-14, Tubbaʿ was a title for the 5127:('Before the Setting (of the Sun)') 3606:People of a township in Surah Ya-Sin 1860: 1539:The World of "Ancient Arabia" Series 1368: 1366: 25: 2034:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 590: 576: 562: 492: 458: 438: 147: 13: 2055:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. 1982: 1808:The Babylonian and Oriental Record 1506:Kitchen, Kenneth Anderson (2003). 1327:Houtsma, Martijn Theodoor (1993). 1277: 14: 5846: 5152:('Before the rising of the Sun') 2109: 1363: 1123:Bulugh al-'Arab fi Ahwal al-'Arab 999: 986: 973: 5319:Heavenly food of Jesus' apostles 3755:(Emigrants from Mecca to Medina) 901: 666: 657: 646: 637: 374: 168: 30: 4961:(The Sacred or Forbidden Month) 4366:('Sanctuary (which is) Secure') 3722:Ya'juj and Ma'juj/Gog and Magog 2396:', 'beast of prey' or 'hunter') 1998:Journal of Near Eastern Studies 1954: 1930: 1919: 1908: 1882:Journal of the History of Ideas 1869: 1854: 1815: 1799: 1772: 1768:. J. Lection. 1894. p. 88. 1756: 1738: 1721: 1649: 1637: 1544: 554:, they are described as either 4265:Salsabīl (A river in Paradise) 4158:at the time of Abraham and Lot 3622:(People of Sodom and Gomorrah) 3289:(King Ar-Rayyān ibn Al-Walīd)) 2781:(Joachim the father of Maryam) 2185: 2172: 2072:"Early Saba and Its Neighbors" 1499: 1470: 1450:Historical Dictionary of Yemen 1441: 1320: 1011:, "Mukarrib of the Sabaeans". 485:. They founded the kingdom of 104:You may also add the template 16:Ancient people of South Arabia 1: 4184: 2125:, at Smithsonian/NMNH website 1811:. D. Nutt. 1894. p. 107. 1313: 1093:Sabean colonization of Africa 1067:to the east of them, and the 600:'People of Tubbaʿ'). 5057:(The Afternoon or the Night) 4955:12 months: Four holy months 4507:('Place-of-Landing Blessed') 4100:(s) or People of the Injil) 3438:Slayers of Ṣāliḥ's she-camel 2967:names and titles of Muhammad 2685: 2212:found in the Quran, such as 1613:Wheeler, Brannon M. (2002). 1448:Burrowes, Robert D. (2010). 1085:Ancient South Arabian script 1007: 994: 981: 956:), 6th–5th century BCE, the 425: 19:Not to be confused with the 7: 4826:(Flood of the Great Dam of 3147:Adam's immediate relatives 1861:al-Alusi, Muhammad Shukri. 1286: 1162:Mentions in religious texts 1047:The Sabaean people spoke a 582: 568: 556: 500: 483:Old South Arabian languages 473:) were an ancient group of 469: 449: 10: 5851: 5033:('Remembrance', including 4679:(literally 'The Barrier') 3707:('Companions of the Wood') 3596:Companions of the Elephant 3545:People of the Burnt Garden 3520: 2909:('Companion of the Whale') 2505:('The Trustworthy Spirit') 2049:Korotayev, Andrey (1996). 1779:Poluha, Eva (2016-01-28). 1731:Journal of semitic studies 1165: 1102: 603: 566:, not to be confused with 106:{{Translated|ar|السبئيون}} 68:Machine translation, like 18: 5762: 5721: 5649: 5572: 5533: 5482: 5448: 5412: 5385: 5307: 5300:('Mother of the Book(s)') 5215: 5209: 5204: 5170: 5004: 4975: 4944: 4926:(The Sabbath or Saturday) 4904: 4852: 4848: 4801: 4790: 4651: 4540: 4487: 4427: 4272: 4220:, literally 'The Garden') 4190: 4179: 4109:Qissis (Christian priest) 4025: 3961: 3888: 3812: 3643: 3530: 3526: 3515: 3447: 3383: 3314: 3253: 3140: 3136: 3125: 3084: 3035: 2938: 2697: 2693: 2680: 2643: 2600: 2555: 2407: 2338: 2236: 2229: 2225: 2191: 2180: 2167: 2159:People and things in the 1477:St. John Simpson (2002). 1293:Ancient South Arabian art 1212: 1036:medieval Arab geographers 390: 349: 345: 335: 325: 321: 307: 303: 291: 279: 267: 263: 253: 233: 223: 213: 203: 193: 181: 165: 160: 132: 45:the corresponding article 5810:Semitic-speaking peoples 4156:Mesopotamian polytheists 4104:Ruhban (Christian monks) 3978:(People of the Verandah) 3855:People of Sabaʾ or Sheba 3658:(literally 'The Romans') 3578:Companions of Noah's Ark 3495:Rahmah the wife of Ayyub 3424:(Korah, cousin of Moses) 3344:Magicians of the Pharaoh 3246:(Muhammad's adopted son) 2538:(Angel of Death, Azrael) 2322:(fish or whale) of Jonah 1876:Walbridge, John (1998). 1454:Rowman & Littlefield 1333:. Vol. v5. Leiden: 1172: 880:Civil war (2014–present) 5639:Forbidden fruit of Adam 5109:('Decline of the Sun') 4997:(The Lesser Pilgrimage) 4727:Barrier of Dhul-Qarnayn 4152:at the time of Muhammad 4126:Ahbār (Jewish scholars) 3583:Aṣḥāb al-Kahf war-Raqīm 3479:the companion of Joshua 2313:(female ant) of Solomon 2104:Encyclopædia Britannica 2070:Nebes, Norbert (2023). 1785:. Xlibris Corporation. 1568:Himyarische Inschriften 1274:, like for Himyarites. 415: 115:For more guidance, see 5251:(Scroll(s) of Abraham) 5243:(The Book of Muhammad) 4753:Cave of Seven Sleepers 4576:, literally 'Place of 4464:Al-Buqʿah Al-Mubārakah 3840:Companions of the Rass 3741:Companions of Muhammad 3587:Companions of the Cave 2522:Angel of the Trumpet ( 1727:KOROTAYEV, A. (1994). 1572:Himyarian inscriptions 1566:Muller, D. H. (1893), 1230: 1152: 1114: 960: 948:"Bronze man" found in 337:• Disestablished 5492:(literally 'lamps'): 5405:statue) of Israelites 5338:(Casket of Shekhinah) 4840:Treaty of Hudaybiyyah 4687:(Black Stone) & 4467:('The Blessed Place') 3935:Daughters of Muhammad 3925:Household of Muhammad 3901:Household of Abraham 3749:(literally 'Helpers') 3204:Disciples (including 2864:the son of Zechariah) 2453:(Honourable Scribes) 2441:Bearers of the Throne 1220: 1127: 1112: 1103:Further information: 1038:, which is now named 947: 851:Mutawakkilite Kingdom 523:. On the other hand, 204:Common languages 117:Knowledge:Translation 88:copyright attribution 5790:Ancient Arab peoples 5272:(Scroll(s) of Moses) 5150:Qabl ṭulūʿ ash-Shams 4867:('the Confederates') 4855:military expeditions 4630:The Prophet's Mosque 4588:('The Sacred Grove') 4384:(Station of Abraham) 4199:Al-Arḍ Al-Muqaddasah 3875:('Companions of the 3674:(Sodom and Gomorrah) 3666:(Children of Israel) 3361:Moses' sister-in-law 3340:, who adopted Moses) 3283:, Qatafir or Qittin) 3262:Brothers (including 3008:He who spoke to God) 2331:(she-camel) of Ṣāliḥ 2303:sleepers of the cave 2271:) of the Abyssinians 1483:British Museum Press 1229:of present-day Yemen 1117:The Ottoman scholar 706:Kingdom of Ḥaḑramawt 529:Neil Asher Silberman 4891:Expedition of Tabuk 4835:Farewell Pilgrimage 4585:Al-Mashʿar Al-Ḥarām 4504:Munzalanm-Mubārakan 4323:Al-Mashʿar Al-Ḥarām 4298:Iram of the Pillars 3601:People of al-Ukhdūd 3553:(Companions of the 3012:Ibrāhīm Khalīlullāh 2279:Domesticated donkey 2249:(cow) of Israelites 1942:reference.bahai.org 1537:Kenneth A. Kitchen 1099:Religious practices 1041:Ramlat al-Sab'atayn 327:• Established 281:• 620–600 BCE 269:• 700–680 BCE 5805:Former theocracies 5346:Trumpet of Israfil 5092:('The Late-Night') 4959:Ash-Shahr Al-Ḥarām 4705:(Cave of the Bull) 4690:Al-Hijr of Isma'il 4602:Al-Masjid Al-Ḥarām 4294:Iram dhāt al-ʿImād 4279:(excluding Madyan) 4202:('The Holy Land') 4150:Meccan polytheists 4088:People of the Book 3946:Household of Salih 3921:Household of Moses 3869:(people of Ṣāliḥ) 3570:Disciples of Jesus 3542:People of Paradise 3334:Āsiyá bint Muzāḥim 3223:People of Solomon 3183:People of Abraham 3163:Believer of Ya-Sin 3131:People of Prophets 2829:(Jethro, Reuel or 2636:('Rebellious one') 2360:Beast of the Earth 2121:2016-02-03 at the 1231: 1138:pilgrimage to the 1115: 1016:1st millennium BCE 961: 952:(ancient Nashqum, 865:Yemeni unification 841:Sultanate of Lahej 756:Rashidun Caliphate 716:Kingdom of Qatabān 543:arose as victors. 525:Israel Finkelstein 218:Arabian polytheism 96:interlanguage link 5772: 5771: 5758: 5757: 5731:(Water or fluid) 5717: 5716: 5704:Sidrat al-Muntahā 5548:(Garlic or wheat) 5478: 5477: 5474: 5473: 5200: 5199: 5196: 5195: 5142:('The Afternoon') 5133:('The Afternoon') 5063:('The Mornings') 4896:Conquest of Mecca 4881:Battle of Khaybar 4817:Event of Mubahala 4813:(Night of Decree) 4786: 4785: 4741:Bilād ar-Rāfidayn 4684:Al-Ḥajar al-Aswad 4647: 4646: 4639:Salat (Synagogue) 4592:Al-Masjid Al-Aqṣā 4443:Al-Muqaddas Ṭuwan 4276:Arabian Peninsula 4251:Majmaʿ al-Baḥrayn 4175: 4174: 4171: 4170: 4167: 4166: 3957: 3956: 3953: 3952: 3905:Brothers of Yūsuf 3776:Children of Ayyub 3769:Wife of Abu Lahab 3727:People of Fir'aun 3718:(People of Jonah) 3692:People of Shuaib 3678:People of Ibrahim 3611:People of Yathrib 3511: 3510: 3507: 3506: 3486:Nebuchadnezzar II 3379: 3378: 3121: 3120: 3117: 3116: 3080: 3079: 2949:and Strong Will') 2676: 2675: 2672: 2671: 2551: 2550: 2491:(Gabriel, chief) 2403: 2402: 2085:978-0-19-068766-3 2052:Pre-Islamic Yemen 2026:Korotayev, Andrey 1988:Bafaqīh, M. ‛A., 1792:978-1-5144-2223-6 1344:978-90-04-09791-9 1020:first century BCE 1005: 992: 979: 942: 941: 885:COVID-19 pandemic 875:Yemeni revolution 836:Aden Protectorate 766:Abbasid Caliphate 761:Umayyad Caliphate 726:Kingdom of Ḥimyar 599: 541:Himyarite Kingdom 519:, in what is now 498: 467: 447: 423: 400: 399: 386: 385: 382: 381: 370:Himyarite Kingdom 293:• 60–20 BCE 249: 242: 128: 127: 57: 53: 5842: 5830:Tribes of Arabia 5658:Plants of Sheba 5570: 5569: 5413:Of Noah's people 5383: 5382: 5351: 5350: 5342:Throne of Bilqis 5335:Tābūt as-Sakīnah 5276:Tablets of Stone 5206: 5205: 5189:First Pilgrimage 5005:Times for prayer 4948:Islamic calendar 4876:Battle of Hunayn 4850: 4849: 4792: 4791: 4731:Bayt al-Muqaddas 4270: 4269: 4181: 4180: 3940:Muhammad's wives 3915:Progeny of Imran 3797:Yaʾjūj wa Maʾjūj 3699:People of Madyan 3641: 3640: 3630: 3629: 3528: 3527: 3517: 3516: 3251: 3250: 3217:Zechariah's wife 3201:People of Jesus 3190:Ishmael's mother 3138: 3137: 3127: 3126: 2936: 2935: 2877:Isrāʾīl (Israel) 2862:John the Baptist 2695: 2694: 2682: 2681: 2475: 2474: 2469:Munkar and Nakir 2234: 2233: 2227: 2226: 2182: 2181: 2169: 2168: 2153: 2146: 2139: 2130: 2129: 2089: 2066: 2045: 2021: 1976: 1975: 1973: 1972: 1958: 1952: 1951: 1949: 1948: 1934: 1928: 1923: 1917: 1912: 1906: 1905: 1873: 1867: 1866: 1858: 1852: 1851: 1819: 1813: 1812: 1803: 1797: 1796: 1776: 1770: 1769: 1760: 1754: 1753: 1742: 1736: 1733:, 39(2), 207-219 1725: 1719: 1713: 1707: 1701: 1695: 1689: 1683: 1677: 1671: 1665: 1659: 1653: 1647: 1641: 1635: 1634: 1610: 1601: 1595: 1589: 1588:Volume 2, p. 420 1582: 1576: 1575: 1563: 1557: 1556: 1548: 1542: 1535: 1526: 1525: 1513: 1503: 1497: 1496: 1474: 1468: 1467: 1445: 1439: 1433: 1424: 1418: 1409: 1402:Stuart Munro-Hay 1399: 1393: 1392: 1390: 1389: 1380:. Archived from 1370: 1361: 1360: 1324: 1256:Flood of the Dam 1049:Semitic language 1010: 1004:romanized:  1003: 997: 991:romanized:  990: 984: 978:romanized:  977: 954:Kingdom of Saba' 934: 927: 920: 908:Yemen portal 906: 905: 904: 781:Sulayhid dynasty 731:Kingdom of Aksum 721:Kingdom of Ma'in 711:Kingdom of Awsan 670: 661: 650: 641: 626: 608: 607: 597: 594: 592: 588: 579: 578: 573: 565: 564: 559: 504:) in modern-day 503: 497:romanized:  496: 494: 472: 462: 460: 452: 442: 440: 432: 430: 429: 422:romanized:  421: 418: 378: 377: 366: 365: 351: 350: 247: 240: 186: 172: 150: 149: 139: 130: 129: 107: 101: 74:Google Translate 55: 52:(September 2024) 51: 34: 33: 26: 5850: 5849: 5845: 5844: 5843: 5841: 5840: 5839: 5800:Former kingdoms 5775: 5774: 5773: 5768: 5754: 5713: 5651: 5645: 5568: 5529: 5484: 5470: 5444: 5408: 5381: 5355: 5354:Mentioned idols 5349: 5311: 5309: 5303: 5248:Ṣuḥuf-i Ibrāhīm 5211: 5192: 5183:Laylat al-Mabit 5166: 5118:('The Evening') 5107:Dulūk ash-Shams 5075:('The Morning') 5069:('The Morning') 5006: 5000: 4971: 4946: 4940: 4929:Days of battles 4900: 4854: 4844: 4805:Incident of Ifk 4797: 4782: 4773:Palestine River 4643: 4612:Masjid al-Dirar 4542: 4536: 4483: 4431: 4423: 4278: 4274: 4268: 4205:'Blessed' Land' 4186: 4163: 4027: 4021: 4002:Umayyad Dynasty 3963: 3949: 3910:Lot's daughters 3894: 3893:('People of the 3892: 3884: 3836:(people of Hud) 3822: 3808: 3800:(Gog and Magog) 3683:People of Ilyas 3636: 3634: 3628: 3561:Jesus' apostles 3538:Aṣḥāb al-Jannah 3522: 3503: 3449: 3443: 3407:of Moses' time) 3375: 3351:Wise, pious man 3338:Wife of Pharaoh 3330:Imraʾat Firʿawn 3317:Aaron and Moses 3316: 3310: 3266:(Benjamin) and 3255: 3249: 3167:Family of Noah 3132: 3113: 3076: 3031: 3002:Mūsā Kalīmullāh 2948: 2946: 2944: 2934: 2860:ibn Zakariyyā ( 2689: 2668: 2639: 2596: 2547: 2509:Ar-Rūḥ al-Qudus 2499:('The Spirit') 2473: 2451:Kirāman Kātibīn 2446:Harut and Marut 2423:Angels of Hell 2399: 2334: 2221: 2187: 2176: 2163: 2157: 2123:Wayback Machine 2112: 2086: 2063: 2042: 1985: 1983:Further reading 1980: 1979: 1970: 1968: 1960: 1959: 1955: 1946: 1944: 1936: 1935: 1931: 1924: 1920: 1913: 1909: 1894:10.2307/3653893 1874: 1870: 1859: 1855: 1820: 1816: 1805: 1804: 1800: 1793: 1777: 1773: 1762: 1761: 1757: 1744: 1743: 1739: 1726: 1722: 1714: 1710: 1702: 1698: 1694:, pp. 2–3. 1690: 1686: 1678: 1674: 1666: 1662: 1654: 1650: 1642: 1638: 1627: 1611: 1604: 1596: 1592: 1583: 1579: 1564: 1560: 1549: 1545: 1536: 1529: 1522: 1504: 1500: 1493: 1475: 1471: 1464: 1456:. p. 319. 1446: 1442: 1434: 1427: 1419: 1412: 1400: 1396: 1387: 1385: 1372: 1371: 1364: 1345: 1337:. p. 292. 1325: 1321: 1316: 1308:Minaean Kingdom 1289: 1280: 1278:Baha'i Writings 1227:Sarat Mountains 1215: 1175: 1170: 1164: 1119:Mahmud al-Alusi 1107: 1101: 1000:𐩣𐩫𐩧𐩨 𐩪𐩨𐩱 965:Kenneth Kitchen 938: 902: 900: 895: 894: 846:Ottoman vilayet 821: 811: 810: 801:Rasulid dynasty 796:Ayyubid dynasty 776:Najahid dynasty 771:Ziyadid dynasty 751: 749:Islamic history 741: 740: 701:Kingdom of Saba 696: 694:Ancient history 675: 674: 673: 672: 671: 663: 662: 653: 652: 651: 643: 642: 624: 617: 606: 513:Kenneth Kitchen 439:ٱلسَّبَئِيُّوْن 427: 426: 416: 375: 338: 328: 294: 282: 270: 243: 189: 177: 176: 173: 161:1200 BCE–275 CE 156: 148:مَمْلَكَة سَبَأ 145: 137: 135: 134:Sabaean Kingdom 124: 123: 122: 105: 99: 58: 35: 31: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5848: 5838: 5837: 5832: 5827: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5807: 5802: 5797: 5792: 5787: 5770: 5769: 5763: 5760: 5759: 5756: 5755: 5753: 5752: 5746: 5745: 5744: 5743:(River or sea) 5738: 5725: 5723: 5719: 5718: 5715: 5714: 5712: 5711: 5706: 5701: 5691: 5681: 5680: 5679: 5669: 5655: 5653: 5647: 5646: 5644: 5643: 5642: 5641: 5633: 5623: 5613: 5603: 5593: 5587: 5576: 5574: 5567: 5561: 5555: 5549: 5543: 5537: 5535: 5531: 5530: 5528: 5527: 5526: 5525: 5513: 5512: 5511: 5499: 5488: 5486: 5480: 5479: 5476: 5475: 5472: 5471: 5469: 5468: 5463: 5458: 5452: 5450: 5446: 5445: 5443: 5442: 5437: 5432: 5427: 5422: 5416: 5414: 5410: 5409: 5407: 5406: 5395: 5389: 5387: 5380: 5379: 5363: 5359: 5357: 5348: 5347: 5344: 5339: 5331: 5326: 5321: 5315: 5313: 5305: 5304: 5302: 5301: 5293: 5280: 5279: 5278: 5273: 5252: 5244: 5235: 5221: 5219: 5213: 5212: 5202: 5201: 5198: 5197: 5194: 5193: 5191: 5186: 5179: 5174: 5172: 5168: 5167: 5165: 5164: 5163: 5162: 5147: 5146: 5145: 5144: 5143: 5134: 5119: 5104: 5095: 5094: 5093: 5083:('The Night') 5078: 5077: 5076: 5070: 5058: 5039:('Praising'), 5010: 5008: 5007:or remembrance 5002: 5001: 4999: 4998: 4989: 4979: 4977: 4973: 4972: 4970: 4969: 4968: 4967: 4962: 4952: 4950: 4942: 4941: 4939: 4938: 4933: 4930: 4927: 4918: 4908: 4906: 4902: 4901: 4899: 4898: 4893: 4888: 4886:Battle of Uhud 4883: 4878: 4873: 4871:Battle of Badr 4868: 4858: 4856: 4846: 4845: 4843: 4842: 4837: 4831: 4819: 4814: 4810:Laylat al-Qadr 4806: 4802: 4799: 4798: 4788: 4787: 4784: 4783: 4781: 4780: 4774: 4771: 4765: 4760: 4755: 4750: 4745: 4737: 4728: 4725: 4720: 4719: 4718: 4717: 4716: 4711: 4706: 4702:Ghār ath-Thawr 4698: 4693: 4668: 4667: 4666: 4655: 4653: 4649: 4648: 4645: 4644: 4642: 4641: 4636: 4635: 4634: 4633: 4632: 4627: 4614: 4609: 4599: 4589: 4567: 4562: 4555: 4546: 4544: 4538: 4537: 4535: 4534: 4525:('Township of 4520: 4510: 4509: 4508: 4494: 4492: 4485: 4484: 4482: 4481: 4472: 4471: 4470: 4469: 4468: 4453:Al-Wādil-Ayman 4447:Valley of Tuwa 4435: 4433: 4425: 4424: 4422: 4421: 4416: 4415: 4414: 4392: 4391: 4390: 4388:Safa and Marwa 4385: 4377: 4367: 4358: 4343: 4338: 4333: 4325: 4316: 4303: 4302: 4301: 4282: 4280: 4267: 4266: 4263: 4253: 4248: 4238: 4236:Door of Hittah 4233: 4221: 4208: 4207: 4206: 4194: 4192: 4188: 4187: 4177: 4176: 4173: 4172: 4169: 4168: 4165: 4164: 4162: 4161: 4160: 4159: 4153: 4142: 4141: 4140: 4135: 4134: 4133: 4128: 4113: 4112: 4111: 4106: 4081: 4080: 4079: 4071: 4059: 4051: 4050: 4049: 4039: 4036:Ahl al-Dhimmah 4031: 4029: 4023: 4022: 4020: 4019: 4013: 4004: 3999: 3997:Iranian people 3994: 3989: 3984: 3979: 3973: 3967: 3965: 3959: 3958: 3955: 3954: 3951: 3950: 3948: 3947: 3944: 3943: 3942: 3937: 3932: 3922: 3919: 3918: 3917: 3912: 3907: 3898: 3896: 3886: 3885: 3883: 3882: 3881: 3880: 3864: 3859: 3858: 3857: 3842: 3837: 3830: 3828: 3810: 3809: 3807: 3806: 3801: 3793: 3788: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3772: 3771: 3760: 3759: 3758: 3757: 3756: 3750: 3737:Aṣḥāb Muḥammad 3729: 3724: 3719: 3710: 3709: 3708: 3705:Aṣḥāb al-Aykah 3702: 3690: 3685: 3680: 3675: 3667: 3659: 3651: 3644: 3638: 3627: 3626: 3625:Nation of Noah 3623: 3617: 3608: 3603: 3598: 3593: 3580: 3575: 3574: 3573: 3558: 3548: 3547: 3546: 3543: 3534: 3532: 3524: 3523: 3513: 3512: 3509: 3508: 3505: 3504: 3502: 3501: 3496: 3493: 3488: 3483: 3480: 3477:Caleb or Kaleb 3474: 3469: 3464: 3459: 3453: 3451: 3445: 3444: 3442: 3441: 3435: 3430: 3425: 3419: 3413: 3408: 3398: 3387: 3385: 3381: 3380: 3377: 3376: 3374: 3373: 3368: 3363: 3358: 3353: 3348: 3347: 3346: 3341: 3327: 3320: 3318: 3312: 3311: 3309: 3308: 3303: 3302: 3301: 3290: 3284: 3271: 3259: 3257: 3248: 3247: 3241: 3240: 3239: 3234: 3232:Queen of Sheba 3229: 3221: 3220: 3219: 3214: 3209: 3199: 3198: 3197: 3195:Isaac's mother 3192: 3187: 3181: 3178: 3177: 3176: 3173: 3165: 3160: 3159: 3158: 3153: 3144: 3142: 3134: 3133: 3123: 3122: 3119: 3118: 3115: 3114: 3112: 3111: 3108:Yūshaʿ ibn Nūn 3105: 3095: 3088: 3086: 3082: 3081: 3078: 3077: 3075: 3074: 3060: 3050: 3045: 3039: 3037: 3036:Debatable ones 3033: 3032: 3030: 3029: 3019: 3018:Friend of God) 3009: 2999: 2998: 2997: 2991: 2971: 2970: 2969: 2963: 2952: 2950: 2945:('Those of the 2933: 2932: 2922: 2912: 2911: 2910: 2904: 2880: 2879: 2878: 2865: 2855: 2844: 2834: 2824: 2819: 2809: 2808: 2807: 2792: 2782: 2776: 2770: 2760: 2754: 2748: 2742: 2732: 2722: 2712: 2701: 2699: 2691: 2690: 2678: 2677: 2674: 2673: 2670: 2669: 2667: 2666: 2659: 2647: 2645: 2641: 2640: 2638: 2637: 2629: 2613: 2611: 2598: 2597: 2595: 2594: 2587: 2579: 2572: 2564: 2562: 2553: 2552: 2549: 2548: 2546: 2545: 2539: 2531: 2520: 2519: 2518: 2517: 2516: 2506: 2503:Ar-Rūḥ al-Amīn 2485: 2483: 2472: 2471: 2466: 2465: 2464: 2459: 2448: 2443: 2438: 2437: 2436: 2429: 2420: 2418: 2405: 2404: 2401: 2400: 2398: 2397: 2385: 2373: 2363: 2353: 2342: 2340: 2336: 2335: 2333: 2332: 2323: 2314: 2305: 2295: 2282: 2272: 2259: 2250: 2240: 2238: 2231: 2223: 2222: 2220: 2219: 2218: 2217: 2192: 2189: 2188: 2178: 2177: 2165: 2164: 2156: 2155: 2148: 2141: 2133: 2127: 2126: 2111: 2110:External links 2108: 2107: 2106: 2097: 2090: 2084: 2067: 2061: 2046: 2040: 2022: 2010:10.1086/682344 2004:(2): 267–280. 1993: 1984: 1981: 1978: 1977: 1953: 1929: 1918: 1907: 1888:(3): 389–403. 1868: 1865:. p. 122. 1853: 1814: 1798: 1791: 1771: 1755: 1737: 1720: 1716:Korotayev 1996 1708: 1704:Korotayev 1995 1696: 1692:Korotayev 1996 1684: 1682:, p. 332. 1672: 1670:, p. 330. 1660: 1648: 1636: 1625: 1602: 1600:, p. 303. 1590: 1577: 1558: 1543: 1527: 1520: 1498: 1491: 1469: 1463:978-0810855281 1462: 1440: 1425: 1410: 1394: 1384:on May 4, 2015 1378:British Museum 1362: 1343: 1318: 1317: 1315: 1312: 1311: 1310: 1305: 1300: 1295: 1288: 1285: 1279: 1276: 1272:kings of Saba' 1252:Queen of Sheba 1235:al-Maeeda 5:69 1223:historical dam 1214: 1211: 1187:Queen of Sheba 1174: 1171: 1166:Main article: 1163: 1160: 1156:al-Shahrastani 1134:and the minor 1100: 1097: 1051:of their own, 940: 939: 937: 936: 929: 922: 914: 911: 910: 897: 896: 893: 892: 890:Red Sea crisis 887: 882: 877: 872: 870:1994 Civil War 867: 862: 853: 848: 843: 838: 833: 828: 826:Ottoman eyalet 822: 819:Modern history 817: 816: 813: 812: 809: 808: 803: 798: 793: 788: 783: 778: 773: 768: 763: 758: 752: 747: 746: 743: 742: 739: 738: 733: 728: 723: 718: 713: 708: 703: 697: 692: 691: 688: 687: 686: 685: 677: 676: 665: 664: 656: 655: 654: 645: 644: 636: 635: 634: 633: 632: 629: 628: 619: 618: 611: 605: 602: 537:Queen of Sheba 475:South Arabians 398: 397: 392: 388: 387: 384: 383: 380: 379: 372: 363: 360: 359: 354: 347: 346: 343: 342: 339: 336: 333: 332: 329: 326: 323: 322: 319: 318: 309: 308:Historical era 305: 304: 301: 300: 295: 292: 289: 288: 286:Karib'il Watar 283: 280: 277: 276: 271: 268: 265: 264: 261: 260: 257: 251: 250: 235: 231: 230: 227: 221: 220: 215: 211: 210: 205: 201: 200: 195: 191: 190: 187: 179: 178: 174: 167: 166: 163: 162: 158: 157: 136: 133: 126: 125: 121: 120: 113: 102: 80: 77: 66: 59: 40: 39: 38: 36: 29: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5847: 5836: 5835:Yemeni tribes 5833: 5831: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5782: 5780: 5766: 5761: 5750: 5747: 5742: 5739: 5736: 5733: 5732: 5730: 5727: 5726: 5724: 5720: 5710: 5707: 5705: 5702: 5699: 5695: 5692: 5689: 5685: 5682: 5677: 5673: 5670: 5667: 5663: 5660: 5659: 5657: 5656: 5654: 5650:Bushes, trees 5648: 5640: 5637: 5636: 5634: 5631: 5627: 5624: 5621: 5617: 5614: 5611: 5607: 5604: 5601: 5597: 5594: 5591: 5588: 5585: 5581: 5578: 5577: 5575: 5571: 5565: 5562: 5559: 5556: 5553: 5550: 5547: 5544: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5532: 5523: 5520: 5519: 5517: 5514: 5509: 5506: 5505: 5503: 5500: 5497: 5494: 5493: 5491: 5487: 5481: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5453: 5451: 5447: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5417: 5415: 5411: 5404: 5400: 5396: 5394: 5391: 5390: 5388: 5386:Of Israelites 5384: 5377: 5373: 5372: 5367: 5364: 5361: 5360: 5358: 5356:(cult images) 5352: 5345: 5343: 5340: 5337: 5336: 5332: 5330: 5329:Staff of Musa 5327: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5316: 5314: 5306: 5299: 5298: 5294: 5291: 5287: 5286: 5281: 5277: 5274: 5271: 5270: 5266: 5265: 5263: 5259: 5258: 5253: 5250: 5249: 5245: 5242: 5241: 5236: 5233: 5229: 5228: 5223: 5222: 5220: 5218: 5214: 5207: 5203: 5190: 5187: 5185: 5184: 5180: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5169: 5160: 5159: 5154: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5141: 5140: 5135: 5132: 5129: 5128: 5126: 5125: 5120: 5117: 5116: 5111: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5102: 5101: 5096: 5091: 5090: 5085: 5084: 5082: 5079: 5074: 5071: 5068: 5065: 5064: 5062: 5059: 5056: 5053: 5052: 5050: 5049: 5044: 5043: 5038: 5037: 5032: 5031: 5026: 5025: 5020: 5016: 5015: 5009: 5003: 4996: 4995: 4990: 4987: 4986: 4981: 4980: 4978: 4974: 4966: 4963: 4960: 4957: 4956: 4954: 4953: 4951: 4949: 4945:Months of the 4943: 4937: 4934: 4931: 4928: 4925: 4924: 4919: 4916: 4915: 4910: 4909: 4907: 4903: 4897: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4884: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4866: 4865: 4860: 4859: 4857: 4851: 4847: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4832: 4829: 4825: 4824: 4823:Sayl al-ʿArim 4820: 4818: 4815: 4812: 4811: 4807: 4804: 4803: 4800: 4793: 4789: 4779: 4775: 4772: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744:(Mesopotamia) 4743: 4742: 4738: 4736: 4732: 4729: 4726: 4724: 4721: 4715: 4712: 4710: 4707: 4704: 4703: 4699: 4697: 4694: 4692: 4691: 4686: 4685: 4681: 4680: 4678: 4677: 4672: 4671: 4669: 4665: 4662: 4661: 4660: 4657: 4656: 4654: 4650: 4640: 4637: 4631: 4628: 4625: 4621: 4618: 4617: 4615: 4613: 4610: 4607: 4606:Sacred Mosque 4603: 4600: 4597: 4593: 4590: 4587: 4586: 4582: 4581: 4579: 4575: 4571: 4568: 4566: 4563: 4561: 4560: 4556: 4553: 4552: 4548: 4547: 4545: 4539: 4532: 4528: 4524: 4521: 4518: 4514: 4511: 4506: 4505: 4501: 4500: 4499: 4496: 4495: 4493: 4491: 4486: 4480: 4476: 4473: 4466: 4465: 4461: 4460: 4458: 4454: 4451: 4450: 4448: 4444: 4442: 4437: 4436: 4434: 4432:or Tīh Desert 4430: 4426: 4420: 4417: 4412: 4408: 4405: 4404: 4402: 4398: 4397: 4393: 4389: 4386: 4383: 4382: 4381:Maqām Ibrāhīm 4378: 4375: 4371: 4368: 4365: 4363: 4359: 4357: 4354: 4353: 4351: 4347: 4344: 4342: 4339: 4337: 4334: 4331: 4330: 4326: 4324: 4320: 4317: 4314: 4310: 4309: 4304: 4299: 4295: 4292: 4291: 4289: 4288: 4284: 4283: 4281: 4277: 4271: 4264: 4261: 4257: 4254: 4252: 4249: 4246: 4242: 4239: 4237: 4234: 4231: 4227: 4226: 4222: 4219: 4215: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4203: 4201: 4200: 4196: 4195: 4193: 4189: 4182: 4178: 4157: 4154: 4151: 4148: 4147: 4146: 4143: 4139: 4136: 4132: 4131:Rabbani/Rabbi 4129: 4127: 4124: 4123: 4121: 4117: 4114: 4110: 4107: 4105: 4102: 4101: 4099: 4095: 4092: 4091: 4089: 4085: 4082: 4077: 4076: 4075: 4072: 4069: 4065: 4064: 4060: 4058: 4055: 4052: 4047: 4046: 4045: 4044: 4040: 4038: 4037: 4033: 4032: 4030: 4024: 4018: 4014: 4012: 4008: 4005: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3993: 3990: 3988: 3985: 3983: 3980: 3977: 3974: 3972: 3969: 3968: 3966: 3960: 3945: 3941: 3938: 3936: 3933: 3931: 3928: 3927: 3926: 3923: 3920: 3916: 3913: 3911: 3908: 3906: 3903: 3902: 3900: 3899: 3897: 3891: 3887: 3878: 3874: 3873:Aṣḥāb al-Ḥijr 3871: 3870: 3868: 3865: 3863: 3860: 3856: 3853: 3852: 3850: 3846: 3843: 3841: 3838: 3835: 3832: 3831: 3829: 3826: 3821: 3817: 3816: 3811: 3805: 3802: 3799: 3798: 3794: 3792: 3789: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3777: 3774: 3770: 3767: 3766: 3765: 3761: 3754: 3751: 3748: 3745: 3744: 3742: 3738: 3735: 3734: 3733: 3730: 3728: 3725: 3723: 3720: 3717: 3716: 3711: 3706: 3703: 3700: 3697: 3694: 3693: 3691: 3689: 3688:People of Nuh 3686: 3684: 3681: 3679: 3676: 3673: 3672: 3668: 3665: 3664: 3660: 3657: 3656: 3652: 3650: 3646: 3645: 3642: 3639: 3631: 3624: 3621: 3618: 3616: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3597: 3594: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3581: 3579: 3576: 3571: 3567: 3564: 3563: 3562: 3559: 3556: 3552: 3551:Aṣḥāb as-Sabt 3549: 3544: 3541: 3540: 3539: 3536: 3535: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3518: 3514: 3500: 3497: 3494: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3481: 3478: 3475: 3473: 3470: 3468: 3467:Bal'am/Balaam 3465: 3463: 3460: 3458: 3455: 3454: 3452: 3450:not specified 3446: 3439: 3436: 3434: 3431: 3429: 3426: 3423: 3420: 3417: 3414: 3412: 3409: 3406: 3402: 3399: 3396: 3392: 3389: 3388: 3386: 3382: 3372: 3369: 3367: 3364: 3362: 3359: 3357: 3354: 3352: 3349: 3345: 3342: 3339: 3335: 3331: 3328: 3325: 3324: 3322: 3321: 3319: 3313: 3307: 3304: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3288: 3285: 3282: 3278: 3275: 3274: 3272: 3269: 3265: 3261: 3260: 3258: 3252: 3245: 3242: 3238: 3235: 3233: 3230: 3228: 3225: 3224: 3222: 3218: 3215: 3213: 3212:Mary's mother 3210: 3207: 3203: 3202: 3200: 3196: 3193: 3191: 3188: 3185: 3184: 3182: 3179: 3174: 3172: 3171:Father Lamech 3169: 3168: 3166: 3164: 3161: 3157: 3154: 3152: 3149: 3148: 3146: 3145: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3128: 3124: 3109: 3106: 3103: 3099: 3096: 3093: 3090: 3089: 3087: 3083: 3072: 3068: 3064: 3061: 3058: 3054: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3044: 3041: 3040: 3038: 3034: 3027: 3023: 3020: 3017: 3013: 3010: 3007: 3003: 3000: 2996:(Son of Mary) 2995: 2992: 2989: 2985: 2982: 2981: 2979: 2975: 2972: 2968: 2964: 2962: 2959: 2958: 2957: 2954: 2953: 2951: 2943: 2942: 2937: 2930: 2926: 2923: 2921:son of Jacob) 2920: 2916: 2913: 2908: 2905: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2891: 2890: 2888: 2884: 2881: 2876: 2875: 2873: 2869: 2866: 2863: 2859: 2856: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2843:son of David) 2842: 2838: 2835: 2832: 2828: 2825: 2823: 2820: 2817: 2813: 2810: 2806: 2803: 2802: 2800: 2796: 2793: 2790: 2786: 2783: 2780: 2777: 2774: 2771: 2768: 2764: 2761: 2758: 2755: 2752: 2749: 2746: 2743: 2740: 2736: 2733: 2730: 2726: 2723: 2720: 2716: 2713: 2710: 2706: 2703: 2702: 2700: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2683: 2679: 2665: 2664: 2660: 2658: 2654: 2653: 2649: 2648: 2646: 2642: 2635: 2634: 2630: 2627: 2624:(the (chief) 2623: 2622: 2618: 2615: 2614: 2612: 2609: 2605: 2604: 2599: 2593: 2592: 2588: 2585: 2584: 2580: 2578: 2577: 2573: 2571: 2570: 2566: 2565: 2563: 2560: 2559: 2554: 2543: 2540: 2537: 2536: 2532: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2514: 2510: 2507: 2504: 2501: 2500: 2498: 2497: 2493: 2492: 2490: 2487: 2486: 2484: 2482: 2481: 2476: 2470: 2467: 2463: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2442: 2439: 2435: 2434: 2430: 2428: 2425: 2424: 2422: 2421: 2419: 2416: 2412: 2411: 2406: 2395: 2391: 2390: 2386: 2383: 2379: 2378: 2374: 2371: 2367: 2364: 2361: 2357: 2356:Dābbat al-Arḍ 2354: 2351: 2347: 2344: 2343: 2341: 2337: 2330: 2329: 2324: 2321: 2320: 2315: 2312: 2311: 2306: 2304: 2301:(dog) of the 2300: 2296: 2293: 2289: 2288: 2283: 2280: 2276: 2273: 2270: 2266: 2265: 2260: 2257: 2256: 2251: 2248: 2247: 2242: 2241: 2239: 2235: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2204: 2203: 2201: 2197: 2194: 2193: 2190: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2154: 2149: 2147: 2142: 2140: 2135: 2134: 2131: 2124: 2120: 2117: 2114: 2113: 2105: 2101: 2098: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2068: 2064: 2062:3-447-03679-6 2058: 2054: 2053: 2047: 2043: 2041:0-19-922237-1 2037: 2033: 2032: 2031:Ancient Yemen 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2003: 1999: 1994: 1991: 1987: 1986: 1967: 1966:www.bahai.org 1963: 1957: 1943: 1939: 1933: 1927: 1922: 1916: 1911: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1872: 1864: 1857: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1818: 1810: 1809: 1802: 1794: 1788: 1784: 1783: 1775: 1767: 1766: 1765:The Athenaeum 1759: 1751: 1747: 1741: 1734: 1732: 1724: 1717: 1712: 1706:, p. 98. 1705: 1700: 1693: 1688: 1681: 1676: 1669: 1664: 1658: 1652: 1646: 1640: 1632: 1628: 1626:0-8264-4956-5 1622: 1618: 1617: 1609: 1607: 1599: 1594: 1587: 1581: 1573: 1569: 1562: 1555:, p. 171 1554: 1547: 1540: 1534: 1532: 1523: 1517: 1512: 1511: 1502: 1494: 1488: 1485:. p. 8. 1484: 1480: 1473: 1465: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1444: 1438: 1432: 1430: 1423: 1417: 1415: 1407: 1403: 1398: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1369: 1367: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1331: 1323: 1319: 1309: 1306: 1304: 1301: 1299: 1296: 1294: 1291: 1290: 1284: 1275: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1244: 1241:27:15-44 and 1240: 1236: 1228: 1224: 1221:Ruins of the 1219: 1210: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1169: 1159: 1157: 1151: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1126: 1124: 1120: 1111: 1106: 1096: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1075:, especially 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1045: 1043: 1042: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1012: 1009: 1001: 996: 988: 983: 975: 971: 966: 959: 958:Louvre Museum 955: 951: 946: 935: 930: 928: 923: 921: 916: 915: 913: 912: 909: 899: 898: 891: 888: 886: 883: 881: 878: 876: 873: 871: 868: 866: 863: 861: 857: 854: 852: 849: 847: 844: 842: 839: 837: 834: 832: 831:Qasimid state 829: 827: 824: 823: 820: 815: 814: 807: 806:Tahirid state 804: 802: 799: 797: 794: 792: 789: 787: 784: 782: 779: 777: 774: 772: 769: 767: 764: 762: 759: 757: 754: 753: 750: 745: 744: 737: 736:Sasanian rule 734: 732: 729: 727: 724: 722: 719: 717: 714: 712: 709: 707: 704: 702: 699: 698: 695: 690: 689: 684: 681: 680: 679: 678: 669: 660: 649: 640: 631: 630: 627: 621: 620: 615: 610: 609: 601: 587: 586: 572: 571: 558: 553: 549: 544: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 514: 509: 507: 502: 490: 489: 484: 481:, one of the 480: 477:. They spoke 476: 471: 465: 456: 451: 450:as-Sabaʾiyyūn 445: 436: 431: 419: 413: 409: 405: 396: 393: 391:Today part of 389: 373: 371: 368: 367: 364: 362: 361: 358: 355: 353: 352: 348: 344: 340: 334: 330: 324: 320: 317: 313: 310: 306: 302: 299: 296: 290: 287: 284: 278: 275: 272: 266: 262: 258: 256: 252: 246: 239: 236: 232: 228: 226: 222: 219: 216: 212: 209: 206: 202: 199: 196: 192: 185: 180: 171: 164: 159: 154: 143: 131: 118: 114: 111: 103: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 78: 75: 71: 67: 64: 61: 60: 54: 48: 46: 41:You can help 37: 28: 27: 22: 5764: 5748: 5740: 5734: 5728: 5693: 5683: 5671: 5661: 5635:In Paradise 5625: 5615: 5605: 5595: 5589: 5579: 5563: 5560:(Plant stem) 5557: 5551: 5545: 5539: 5534:Plant matter 5521: 5515: 5507: 5501: 5495: 5489: 5398: 5369: 5365: 5333: 5297:Umm al-Kitāb 5295: 5282: 5269:Ṣuḥuf-i-Mūsā 5267: 5254: 5246: 5237: 5224: 5181: 5177:Ghadir Khumm 5161:('The Dawn') 5155: 5149: 5136: 5130: 5121: 5112: 5106: 5103:('The Noon') 5097: 5086: 5080: 5072: 5066: 5060: 5054: 5046: 5040: 5034: 5028: 5022: 5012: 4991: 4982: 4932:Days of Hajj 4920: 4917:(The Friday) 4911: 4863: 4821: 4808: 4776:Paradise of 4763:Jordan River 4758:Dār an-Nadwa 4757: 4739: 4701: 4696:Cave of Hira 4688: 4683: 4673: 4620:Masjid Qubāʾ 4619: 4601: 4591: 4583: 4569: 4557: 4549: 4523:Qaryat Yūnus 4522: 4512: 4502: 4462: 4452: 4438: 4429:Sinai Region 4411:Dam of Sheba 4406: 4395: 4394: 4379: 4369: 4360: 4345: 4327: 4305: 4293: 4285: 4255: 4250: 4240: 4223: 4210: 4197: 4115: 4093: 4084:Ahl al-Kitāb 4083: 4061: 4057:Zoroastrians 4053: 4048:disbelievers 4041: 4034: 3992:Banu Qurayza 3987:Banu Qaynuqa 3976:Ahl as-Suffa 3975: 3889: 3872: 3854: 3844: 3813: 3796: 3781:Sons of Adam 3736: 3712: 3704: 3695: 3669: 3663:Banī Isrāʾīl 3661: 3654: 3619: 3582: 3565: 3550: 3537: 3482:Luqman's son 3329: 3293: 3286: 3276: 3180:Luqman's son 3151:Martyred son 3043:Dhūl-Qarnain 2993: 2983: 2947:Perseverance 2939: 2917:ibn Ya‘qūb ( 2907:Ṣāḥib al-Ḥūt 2906: 2895:('He of the 2892: 2805:Dhabih Ullah 2661: 2656: 2650: 2631: 2619: 2601: 2589: 2581: 2574: 2567: 2556: 2535:Malakul-Mawt 2533: 2508: 2502: 2494: 2479: 2450: 2431: 2408: 2387: 2375: 2365: 2355: 2345: 2326: 2317: 2308: 2298: 2294:) of Solomon 2285: 2274: 2262: 2253: 2244: 2213: 2093: 2075: 2051: 2030: 2001: 1997: 1989: 1969:. Retrieved 1965: 1956: 1945:. Retrieved 1941: 1932: 1926:Isaiah 45:14 1921: 1910: 1885: 1881: 1871: 1862: 1856: 1831: 1827: 1817: 1807: 1801: 1781: 1774: 1764: 1758: 1749: 1740: 1730: 1723: 1711: 1699: 1687: 1675: 1663: 1651: 1639: 1631:Google Books 1629:– via 1615: 1593: 1585: 1580: 1571: 1567: 1561: 1552: 1546: 1538: 1509: 1501: 1478: 1472: 1449: 1443: 1405: 1397: 1386:. Retrieved 1382:the original 1357:Google Books 1355:– via 1329: 1322: 1303:Hamdan tribe 1281: 1259: 1232: 1176: 1153: 1128: 1122: 1116: 1089:Zabūr script 1077:frankincense 1061:Wādī al-Jawf 1060: 1046: 1039: 1013: 969: 962: 791:Mahdid state 700: 591:قَوْم تُبَّع 548:Hebrew Bible 545: 510: 486: 407: 403: 401: 357:Succeeded by 356: 175:Coat of arms 92:edit summary 83: 50: 42: 5795:Esotericism 5610:Pomegranate 5510:(The Earth) 5403:golden calf 4976:Pilgrimages 4709:Hudaybiyyah 4624:Quba Mosque 4578:Prostration 4529:,' that is 4490:Mesopotamia 4479:Mount Tabor 4475:Mount Sinai 4457:Mount Sinai 4407:ʿArim Sabaʾ 4145:Polytheists 3895:Household') 3890:Ahl al-Bayt 3847:(People of 3845:Qawm Tubbaʿ 3791:Wife of Lut 3786:Wife of Nuh 3637:or families 3635:ethnicities 3356:Moses' wife 2839:ibn Dāwūd ( 2621:ash-Shayṭān 2513:Holy Spirit 2339:Non-related 1915:Job 1:14–15 1834:: 145–160. 1584:Javad Ali, 1260:Qawm Tubbaʿ 1073:spice trade 1065:Qatabanians 1028:3rd century 860:South Yemen 623:History of 5779:Categories 5504:(Planets) 5498:(The Moon) 5449:Of Quraysh 5324:Noah's Ark 5217:Holy books 5061:Al-Ghuduww 5055:Al-ʿAshiyy 5019:Invocation 5011:Times for 4862:Battle of 4853:Battles or 4445:(The Holy 4311:(formerly 4258:(Mainland 4068:Hypocrites 4015:People of 3982:Banu Nadir 3962:Implicitly 3804:Son of Nuh 3762:People of 3696:Ahl Madyan 3671:Muʾtafikāt 3591:Al-Raqaim? 3566:Ḥawāriyyūn 3448:Implied or 3393:(possibly 3323:Egyptians 3315:People of 3273:Egyptians 3094:(Jeremiah) 2994:Ibn Maryam 2747:(Ezekiel?) 2586:(Asmodeus) 2480:Muqarrabun 2216:(Generous) 2186:Non-humans 2174:Characters 1971:2022-11-04 1947:2022-11-04 1750:InfoPlease 1680:Nebes 2023 1668:Nebes 2023 1598:Nebes 2023 1521:0802849601 1492:0714111511 1388:2013-02-22 1314:References 1266:44:37 and 1053:Himyaritic 1024:Dhū Raydān 972:(Sabaean: 274:Karibi-ilu 234:Government 225:Demonym(s) 5698:Date palm 5688:Palm tree 5676:Lote-tree 5652:or plants 5596:Qith-thāʾ 5524:(The Sun) 5522:Ash-Shams 5483:Celestial 5376:False god 5312:or beings 5310:of people 5292:of David) 5234:of Jesus) 5067:Al-Bukrah 4830:in Sheba) 4608:of Mecca) 4565:Monastery 4543:locations 4541:Religious 4498:Al-Jūdiyy 4191:Mentioned 4185:Locations 4098:Christian 4078:Believers 4063:Munāfiqūn 4026:Religious 3964:mentioned 3877:Stoneland 3753:Muhajirun 3531:Mentioned 3433:Abū Lahab 3428:As-Sāmirī 3418:(Goliath) 3384:Evil ones 3298:Zulaykhah 3254:People of 3141:Good ones 2941:Ulul-ʿAzm 2929:Zechariah 2925:Zakariyyā 2745:Dhūl-Kifl 2698:Mentioned 2544:(Michael) 2433:Zabāniyah 2410:Malāʾikah 2382:Honey bee 2018:163013181 1902:0022-5037 1840:0308-8421 1353:258059170 1264:ad-Dukhan 950:Al-Baydā' 589:(Arabic: 580:), or as 550:. In the 491:(Arabic: 464:romanized 444:romanized 316:Antiquity 238:Theocracy 214:Religion 110:talk page 47:in Arabic 5785:Sabaeans 5686:(Tender 5666:Tamarisk 5600:Cucumber 5518:(Stars) 5496:Al-Qamar 5461:Al-ʿUzzā 5308:Objects 5122:Qabl al- 5073:Aṣ-Ṣabāḥ 4936:Doomsday 4864:al-Aḥzāb 4554:(Church) 4287:Al-Aḥqāf 4225:Jahannam 4218:Paradise 3825:Bedouins 3620:Qawm Lūṭ 3462:Abu Bakr 3292:Wife of 3281:Potiphar 3264:Binyāmin 2984:Al-Masīḥ 2956:Muḥammad 2893:Dhūn-Nūn 2837:Sulaymān 2775:(Elijah) 2687:Prophets 2603:Shayāṭīn 2561:(Genies) 2389:Qaswarah 2370:Wild ass 2348:(Female 2346:ʿAnkabūt 2269:elephant 2119:Archived 2028:(1995). 1848:41622129 1657:50:12-14 1437:34:15-18 1287:See also 1250:and the 1069:Hadharem 1057:Minaeans 1008:mkrb sbʾ 987:𐩱𐩣𐩡𐩫 786:Zurayids 683:Timeline 614:a series 612:Part of 535:and the 459:סְבָאִים 404:Sabaeans 331:1200 BCE 312:Iron Age 298:Ilasaros 255:Mukarrib 245:Monarchy 86:provide 5751:(Drink) 5737:(River) 5722:Liquids 5554:(Shoot) 5542:(Onion) 5502:Kawākib 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Index

Sabians
the corresponding article
View
DeepL
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interlanguage link
talk page
Knowledge:Translation
Sabaean
Arabic
Coat of arms of Sabaean Kingdom
Map of the Kingdom in the 8th century BCE
Ma'rib
Sabaic
Arabian polytheism
Demonym(s)
Theocracy
Monarchy
Mukarrib
Karibi-ilu
Karib'il Watar
Ilasaros
Iron Age
Antiquity
Himyarite Kingdom
Yemen
Sabaean
Arabic

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