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Samak-e Ayyar was originally told by professional storytellers. According to the story's text, Farāmarz ebn Khodādād ebn Kāteb Arrajānī is the compiler and the story's second narrator. He heard the story from a certain Ṣadaqa b. Abi’l-Qāsem Shīrāzī, the first narrator of the story.
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Samak-e Ayyar is about the prince
Khorshid-shāh, the son of Marzbān-shāh. At age 16, Khorshid-shāh falls in love with Mah-pari, princess of Kingdom of Chin (today part of China). He decides to journey to Chin to join her.
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The manuscript has 80 illustrations; the images are particularly interesting as their artists – in contrast to the illustrators of other texts like the
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It is a source of cultural and social information about medieval
Persian, and followed the structure of stories which belong to the oral tradition.
219:. Its layout, the style of illustrations and the existence of some famous verses indicate that it was created during the early 14th century.
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In 1936, Ivan
Shchukin categorized the images of the manuscript as belonging to the Inju style, an idea which is still generally accepted.
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Samak-e Ayyar contains many old
Persian names, such as Khordasb Shido, Hormozkil, Shāhak, Gilsavār, Mehrooye, and Zarand. The numerous
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The only extant copy of Samak-e Ayyar is an illustrated manuscript preserved in three volumes (Ouseley 379, 380, 381) in the
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during 1347/1968 and 1353/1974. It was published in five volumes by Sokhan, and later by Āgāh publishing center in Iran.
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for an unknown time period, then was transcribed around the 12th century. It was published in 1968 in
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Hanaway, W. L. (1971). "Popular
Literature in Iran". In Chelkowski, P. J. (ed.).
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The
Persian Romance Samak-e ʿayyār: Analysis of an Illustrated Inju Manuscript
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241:(The Book of the Kings) – had no previous example to imitate for the scenes.
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Le Livre de Samak-e ʿayyār: structure et idéologie du roman persan medieval
147:. Samak-e Ayyar belongs to the Persian literary genre of popular romance.
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who becomes
Khorshid-shāh's best friend and helps him on his quest.
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La
Peinture iranienne sous les derniers Abbassides et les Il-khans
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Khorshid-shāh receives help from a group of “knights errant” or
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Samak-e Ayyar was edited and published for the first time by
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The first major
English-language rendering of these tales,
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names imply that the story was not transcribed before the
386:"Feast and Fight: A New Adaptation of "Samak the Ayar""
251:, was translated by Freydoon Rassouli and adapted by
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373:. Bruges: Imprimerie Sainte Catherine. p. 93.
313:. Center for Near Eastern Studies. pp. 59–75.
296:Persian Popular Romances before the Safavid Period
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173:principles. Samak, the main protagonist, is an
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413:"SAMAK THE AYYAR: A Tale of Ancient Persia"
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180:The ending of Samak-e Ayyar has been lost.
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109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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384:Blankinship, Kevin (9 January 2022).
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423:11 February
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184:Background
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130:سمک عیار
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