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Samuel Butler (schoolmaster)

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54: 608: 564: 238:, afterwards headmaster of Eton, and Coleridge. In 1796 he was fourth senior optime and senior chancellor's classical medallist. In 1797 and 1798 he obtained the members prize for Latin essay. He acquired the degrees of BA in 1796, MA in 1799, and DD in 1811. In 1797 he was elected a fellow of St John's and ordained deacon in the 277:
system of placing older boys in authority over younger at the school. He worked despite having for 37 years "a state of permanently impossible relations" with his second master (deputy), John Jeudwine, which, according to school historian J. B. Oldham, "embittered both their lives to the detriment of
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However, there were shortcomings in the welfare of pupils. Fights between boys were said to average seventy a week and were regarded by Dr Butler "with a blind eye", comfort for boarders was minimal, and complaints about food were continuous, on one occasion leading to a riot. His initials "S.B."
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It is in association with Shrewsbury school that Butler is chiefly remembered. During his headmastership its reputation increased greatly, and in the standard of its scholarship was the equal of any other public school in England. He was considered to be "in all essential respects, the originator"
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over the gateway to the house he built himself next to the school were said to be a sign for "stale bread, sour beer, salt butter, and stinking beef sold by Samuel Butler". He tried to suppress games at Shrewsbury, considering football (pre-
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The Life and Letters of Dr. Samuel Butler, Head-Master of Shrewsbury School 1798-1836, and Afterwards Bishop of Lichfield in So Far as They Illustrate the Scholastic, Religious, and Social Life of England,
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As a clergyman, he was perpetual curate of Berwick Chapelry near Shrewsbury from 1801 to 1815 and in 1802 he was appointed as vicar of Kenilworth, in 1807 to a
739: 764: 785: 754: 744: 1837: 839: 789: 734: 824: 809: 804: 769: 714: 672: 799: 348:. In his will he left a mansion with land at Whitehall in Shrewsbury, which he had bought in 1834 as an intended retirement home, to his grandson 1155: 1149: 819: 1677: 1192: 900: 1887: 1569: 895: 844: 834: 665: 584: 1862: 344:, the former parish church of Shrewsbury School. After his death the Aldines were sold by auction, the manuscripts purchased by the 1867: 336:, Staffordshire (the episcopal country residence), in December 1839 aged 65. Bishop Butler is buried in the church yard of the 1857: 1722: 1038: 442: 292:, who recalled loathing the rote learning, was among his notable pupils, as was Butler's immediate successor as headmaster, 944: 1852: 1763: 1682: 688: 261:; all these appointments he had at the same time as his headmastership, but in 1836 he was promoted to the bishopric of 1309: 865: 532: 506: 481: 1872: 1579: 341: 215: 156: 1650: 1394: 1847: 1842: 1178: 289: 372: 1273: 168: 36: 1033: 915: 364: 1170: 1109: 1084: 286:) as "only fit for butcher boys" and "more fit for farmboys and labourers than for young gentlemen". 189: 1778: 1692: 1625: 1089: 925: 890: 349: 313:, but Butler was prevented by his appointment to the episcopate from revising it. He also wrote a 1662: 1529: 995: 975: 885: 304: 231: 1354: 1645: 1554: 1104: 959: 1798: 1783: 1717: 1707: 1640: 1630: 1489: 1473: 1364: 1339: 1329: 1299: 317:(1813, reprinted frequently) for use by schools, and published atlases of ancient and modern 293: 258: 1882: 1877: 1702: 1605: 1589: 1463: 1374: 1369: 1359: 1344: 1053: 1043: 1000: 949: 905: 283: 64: 488:(Unpaginated.) The then Shrewsbury School premises later became Shrewsbury Public Library. 8: 1687: 1544: 1468: 1201: 1099: 875: 639: 435:
Born out of Wenlock, William Penny Brookes and the British origins of the modern Olympics
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the school, the scandal of the town and the embarrassment of Butler's every action".
243: 239: 181: 173: 1768: 1564: 1549: 1514: 1504: 1438: 612: 309: 1816: 1793: 1655: 1610: 1584: 1379: 990: 724: 599: 250: 53: 1788: 1773: 1753: 1712: 1620: 1559: 1539: 1524: 1509: 1443: 1236: 1094: 1009: 870: 829: 649: 345: 227: 223: 92: 307:, was published during 1809–1816, and was somewhat severely criticised by the 1831: 1809: 1758: 1635: 1574: 1534: 1499: 1448: 1119: 1079: 1028: 980: 880: 860: 575: 570: 387: 1615: 1433: 954: 920: 322: 219: 211: 177: 144: 1727: 1672: 1458: 1048: 1019: 1014: 632: 134: 82: 1389: 355:
Butler's life has been written by his grandson Samuel Butler, author of
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1399: 1384: 1268: 1231: 194: 1278: 1263: 329: 246:, the same year as his ordination as priest, at the age of 24. 269:, which was separated from his diocese during the same year). 1216: 525:
Victorian Shrewsbury, Studies in the History of a County Town
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Chapter 10:Cherry Orchard, the growth of a Victorian suburb.
1152:, Archdeacon of Derby City and South Derbyshire 1143:
Carol Coslett, Archdeacon of Derbyshire Peak and Dales
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English classicist, schoolmaster and bishop (1774–1839)
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Nicky Fenton, Archdeacon of Derbyshire Peak and Dales
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When he became bishop his health was overshadowed by
172:(30 January 1774 – 4 December 1839) was an English 321:. His large library included a fine collection of 499:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Volume 8 1829: 1430:Robert de Limesey (previously Bishop of Chester) 1123:(became Archdeacon of Derbyshire Peak and Dales) 553:(2 vols). London: John Murray, Albemarle Street. 474:Shrewsbury Library, Its History and Restoration 1239:, Bishop of the Mercians & the Lindisfaras 501:. Oxford University Press. 2004. p. 212. 386:Butler collected some Greek manuscripts (e.g. 1186: 673: 588:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 1193: 1179: 680: 666: 527:. Shropshire Libraries. pp. 117–118. 325:editions and Greek and Latin manuscripts. 52: 574: 411: 1145:(previously Archdeacon of Chesterfield) 522: 369:History of St John's College, Cambridge 1838:Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge 1830: 457: 428: 426: 407: 405: 403: 315:Sketch of Modern and Ancient Geography 1174: 661: 432: 1888:Scholars of ancient Greek literature 1158:, Archdeacon of East Derbyshire 361:Life and Letters of Dr Samuel Butler 689:Archdeacons in the Diocese of Derby 491: 423: 400: 383:(ed. 1908), vol. iii. p. 398. 242:, and in 1798 became headmaster of 210:, Warwickshire. He was educated at 13: 14: 1899: 593: 1863:Headmasters of Shrewsbury School 562: 1868:People educated at Rugby School 609:Works by or about Samuel Butler 542: 516: 476:. Shropshire Libraries. 1983. 466: 460:A history of Shrewsbury School 451: 437:. DB Publishing. p. 118. 214:, and in 1791 was admitted to 1: 1204:(including precursor offices) 393: 342:St Mary the Virgin Shrewsbury 303:, with the text and notes of 1858:Fellows of the Royal Society 1128:Archdeaconry dissolved, 2022 1064:Archdeaconry dissolved, 2022 216:St John's College, Cambridge 157:St John's College, Cambridge 7: 417:A Cambridge Alumni Database 413:"Butler, Samuel (BTLR791S)" 220:Sir William Browne's medals 10: 1904: 1853:English classical scholars 1407:(became Bishop of Chester) 795:Anthony de Monte Peliologo 779:Derby (Late Medieval) 750:David de Sancta Frideswida 696:Derby (High Medieval) 513:Article by J. H. C. Leach. 419:. University of Cambridge. 192:, the author of the novel 1741: 1598: 1482: 1417: 1296:(Archbishop of Lichfield) 1246: 1209: 1136: 1072: 968: 854:Derby (Early modern) 853: 778: 695: 646: 637: 627: 620: 433:Beale, Catherine (2011). 150: 140: 130: 118: 103: 98: 88: 78: 70: 60: 51: 44: 23: 1599:Lichfield & Coventry 1483:Coventry & Lichfield 1410:Peter, Bishop of Chester 1090:Talbot Dilworth-Harrison 969:Derby (Late modern) 622:Church of England titles 523:Trinder, Barrie (1984). 1115:Tony Kaunhoven (acting) 585:Encyclopædia Britannica 580:Butler, Samuel (bishop) 548:Butler, Samuel (1896). 232:Samuel Taylor Coleridge 218:. He obtained three of 201: 1873:People from Kenilworth 1661:Episcopacy abolished ( 600:Works by Samuel Butler 458:Oldham, J. B. (1952). 1490:Alexander de Stavenby 1474:Alexander de Stavenby 1059:Peter Walley (acting) 294:Benjamin Hall Kennedy 259:archdeaconry of Derby 257:, and in 1822 to the 1848:Bishops of Lichfield 1843:Archdeacons of Derby 1703:Frederick Cornwallis 1464:Geoffrey de Muschamp 1202:Bishops of Lichfield 1054:Christopher Cunliffe 65:Diocese of Lichfield 1469:William de Cornhill 1427:, Bishop of Chester 1137:2022 archdeaconries 1100:Gerald Phizackerley 740:William de Muschamp 640:Bishop of Lichfield 381:Hist. Class. Schol. 255:Lichfield Cathedral 206:Butler was born at 188:. His grandson was 186:Bishop of Lichfield 46:Bishop of Lichfield 1520:Robert de Stretton 940:Francis Ashenhurst 815:Robert de Stretton 765:Jordan de Wymburne 363:, 1896); see also 26:The Right Reverend 1825: 1824: 1804:Jonathan Gledhill 1698:Richard Smalbroke 1530:Richard le Scrope 1495:Hugh de Pateshull 1454:Gerard la Pucelle 1425:Robert de Limesey 1168: 1167: 1034:Henry FitzHerbert 1006:Southwell diocese 916:Christopher Helme 911:Valentine Overton 786:Geoffrey de Blaby 755:William de Weston 745:William de Luteby 656: 655: 647:Succeeded by 604:Project Gutenberg 444:978-1-85983-967-6 338:Collegiate Church 334:Eccleshall Castle 244:Shrewsbury School 240:Church of England 182:Shrewsbury School 174:classical scholar 162: 161: 1895: 1769:William Maclagan 1723:James Cornwallis 1565:Reginald Boulers 1550:William Heyworth 1515:Roger Northburgh 1505:Roger de Meyland 1439:Roger de Clinton 1195: 1188: 1181: 1172: 1171: 1110:Christine Wilson 1085:Geoffrey Clayton 840:William Chauntre 735:Vivian de Stagno 682: 675: 668: 659: 658: 628:Preceded by 618: 617: 613:Internet Archive 589: 568: 566: 565: 554: 546: 540: 538: 520: 514: 512: 495: 489: 487: 470: 464: 463: 455: 449: 448: 430: 421: 420: 409: 310:Edinburgh Review 171: 125: 113: 111: 99:Personal details 56: 39: 21: 20: 1903: 1902: 1898: 1897: 1896: 1894: 1893: 1892: 1828: 1827: 1826: 1821: 1817:Michael Ipgrave 1794:Kenneth Skelton 1779:John Kempthorne 1737: 1693:Edward Chandler 1669:Accepted Frewen 1656:Accepted Frewen 1626:William Overton 1611:Richard Sampson 1594: 1585:Geoffrey Blythe 1478: 1413: 1242: 1205: 1199: 1169: 1164: 1132: 1068: 1039:John Richardson 991:Francis Hodgson 964: 926:William Higgins 891:Laurence Nowell 849: 825:John de Outheby 810:Hugh de Marisco 805:John de Marisco 774: 770:Elias de Napton 725:Godfrey de Luci 691: 686: 652: 643: 635: 631: 596: 578:, ed. (1911). " 563: 561: 558: 557: 547: 543: 535: 521: 517: 509: 497: 496: 492: 484: 472: 471: 467: 456: 452: 445: 431: 424: 410: 401: 396: 332:and he died at 299:His edition of 251:prebendal stall 204: 167: 123: 122:4 December 1839 114:30 January 1774 109: 107: 40: 35: 33: 32: 29: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1901: 1891: 1890: 1885: 1880: 1875: 1870: 1865: 1860: 1855: 1850: 1845: 1840: 1823: 1822: 1820: 1819: 1814: 1806: 1801: 1796: 1791: 1789:Stretton Reeve 1786: 1781: 1776: 1774:Augustus Legge 1771: 1766: 1761: 1756: 1754:James Bowstead 1751: 1745: 1743: 1739: 1738: 1736: 1735: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1713:Brownlow North 1710: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1690: 1685: 1680: 1675: 1670: 1667: 1658: 1653: 1648: 1643: 1638: 1633: 1628: 1623: 1621:Thomas Bentham 1618: 1613: 1608: 1602: 1600: 1596: 1595: 1593: 1592: 1587: 1582: 1577: 1572: 1567: 1562: 1560:Nicholas Close 1557: 1552: 1547: 1542: 1540:John Catterick 1537: 1532: 1527: 1525:Walter Skirlaw 1522: 1517: 1512: 1510:Walter Langton 1507: 1502: 1497: 1492: 1486: 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Peche 1447: 1445: 1442: 1440: 1437: 1435: 1432: 1429: 1426: 1423: 1422: 1420: 1416: 1409: 1406: 1403: 1401: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1378: 1376: 1373: 1371: 1368: 1366: 1363: 1361: 1358: 1356: 1353: 1351: 1348: 1346: 1343: 1341: 1338: 1336: 1333: 1331: 1328: 1326: 1323: 1321: 1318: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1272: 1270: 1267: 1265: 1262: 1260: 1257: 1255: 1252: 1251: 1249: 1245: 1238: 1235: 1233: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1215: 1214: 1212: 1208: 1203: 1196: 1191: 1189: 1184: 1182: 1177: 1176: 1173: 1160: 1157: 1156:Karen Hamblin 1154: 1151: 1150:Matthew Trick 1148: 1146: 1142: 1141: 1139: 1135: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1120:Carol Coslett 1118: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1105:David Garnett 1103: 1101: 1098: 1096: 1093: 1091: 1088: 1086: 1083: 1081: 1080:Edmond Crosse 1078: 1077: 1075: 1071: 1065: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1045: 1042: 1040: 1037: 1035: 1032: 1030: 1029:Edward Noakes 1026: 1025:Derby diocese 1023: 1021: 1018: 1016: 1013: 1011: 1007: 1004: 1002: 999: 997: 994: 992: 989: 987: 986:Samuel Butler 984: 982: 981:Edmund Outram 979: 977: 974: 973: 971: 967: 961: 960:Henry Egerton 958: 956: 953: 951: 948: 946: 943: 941: 938: 936: 932: 929: 927: 924: 922: 919: 917: 914: 912: 909: 907: 904: 902: 899: 897: 894: 892: 889: 887: 884: 882: 881:John Ramridge 879: 877: 874: 872: 869: 867: 864: 862: 861:Nicholas West 859: 858: 856: 852: 846: 843: 841: 838: 836: 833: 831: 828: 826: 823: 821: 820:William Lombe 818: 816: 813: 811: 808: 806: 803: 801: 798: 796: 793: 791: 787: 784: 783: 781: 777: 771: 768: 766: 763: 761: 758: 756: 753: 751: 748: 746: 743: 741: 738: 736: 733: 731: 728: 726: 723: 721: 718: 716: 713: 711: 710: 706: 704: 701: 700: 698: 694: 690: 683: 678: 676: 671: 669: 664: 663: 660: 651: 642: 641: 634: 626: 623: 619: 614: 610: 607: 605: 601: 598: 597: 587: 586: 581: 577: 572: 571:public domain 560: 559: 552: 545: 536: 534:0-903802-30-9 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921:Samuel Clerk 901:Walter Marsh 707: 638: 583: 549: 544: 524: 518: 498: 493: 473: 468: 459: 453: 434: 416: 385: 380: 368: 360: 356: 354: 327: 314: 308: 298: 288: 280: 271: 248: 212:Rugby School 205: 193: 178:schoolmaster 164: 163: 145:Rugby School 131:Denomination 124:(1839-12-04) 18: 1883:1839 deaths 1878:1774 births 1728:Henry Ryder 1678:Thomas Wood 1673:John Hacket 1606:Rowland Lee 1590:Rowland Lee 1459:Hugh Nonant 1049:Ian Gatford 1044:Robert Dell 1020:Edward Were 1015:Henry Freer 1001:Thomas Hill 950:Henry Ryder 906:John Walton 896:Luke Gilpin 866:John Taylor 845:Edmund Hals 633:Henry Ryder 226:(1792) and 83:Henry Ryder 79:Predecessor 1832:Categories 1688:John Hough 1570:John Hales 1545:James Cary 876:David Pole 835:John Bride 644:1836–1839 394:References 275:Praeposter 236:John Keate 222:, for the 208:Kenilworth 152:Alma mater 110:1774-01-30 1742:Lichfield 1335:Burgheard 1320:Cynefrith 1315:Hunberght 1310:Æthelwold 1294:Hygeberht 1284:Cuthfrith 1247:Lichfield 551:1790-1840 375:, 1869); 373:JEB Mayor 319:geography 301:Aeschylus 263:Lichfield 141:Education 89:Successor 74:1836–1839 71:In office 1812:(acting) 1418:Coventry 1395:Wulfsige 1390:Brihtmær 1365:Cynesige 1350:Wilferth 1340:Eadberht 1330:Wulfsige 1325:Tunberht 1305:Herewine 1300:Ealdwulf 1289:Berhthun 1259:Seaxwulf 1254:Winfrith 1227:Trumhere 1222:Ceollach 267:Coventry 135:Anglican 1400:Leofwin 1385:Leofgar 1375:Elphege 1370:Wynsige 1360:Wulfgar 1355:Ælfwine 1345:Wulfred 1269:Aldwine 1232:Jaruman 790:Glaston 709:Richard 611:at the 573::  357:Erewhon 305:Stanley 273:of the 195:Erewhon 61:Diocese 1380:Godwin 1279:Hemele 1264:Headda 1210:Mercia 935:Browne 715:Froger 567:  531:  505:  480:  441:  377:Sandys 350:Samuel 330:asthma 323:Aldine 184:, and 1405:Peter 1274:Witta 1217:Diuma 760:Simon 371:(ed. 365:Baker 265:(and 228:Greek 224:Latin 1237:Chad 529:ISBN 503:ISBN 478:ISBN 439:ISBN 202:Life 176:and 119:Died 104:Born 730:Yvo 602:at 582:". 390:). 367:'s 340:of 253:in 180:of 169:FRS 37:FRS 1834:: 1027:: 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Index

The Right Reverend
FRS
Bishop of Lichfield
Portrait of Butler in his bishop's robes
Diocese of Lichfield
Henry Ryder
James Bowstead
Anglican
Rugby School
Alma mater
St John's College, Cambridge
FRS
classical scholar
schoolmaster
Shrewsbury School
Bishop of Lichfield
Samuel Butler
Erewhon
Kenilworth
Rugby School
St John's College, Cambridge
Sir William Browne's medals
Latin
Greek
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
John Keate
Church of England
Shrewsbury School
prebendal stall
Lichfield Cathedral

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