628:
67:
74:
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51:
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412:, distinctly calls the Segestans barbarians. At the same time they appear to have been, from a very early period, in close connection with the Greek cities of Sicily, and entering into relations both of hostility and alliance with the Hellenic states, wholly different from the other barbarians in the island. The early influence of Greek civilisation is shown also by their coins, which are inscribed with Greek characters, and bear the unquestionable impress of Greek art.
475:, indeed, on arriving in the island, proposed to proceed at once to Selinus, and compel that people to submission by the display of their formidable armament. But this advice was overruled: the Athenians turned their arms against Syracuse, and the contest between Segesta and Selinus was almost forgotten in the more important struggle between those two great powers. In the summer of 415 BC an Athenian fleet, proceeding along the coast, took the small town of
4504:
444:. The name of the Lilybaeans is here certainly erroneous, as no town of that name existed till long afterwards; but we know not what people is really meant, though the presumption is that it is the Selinuntines, with whom the Segestans seem to have been engaged in almost perpetual disputes. It was doubtless with a view to strengthen themselves against these neighbors that the Segestans took advantage of the first Athenian expedition to Sicily under
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522:, under whom it suffered a great calamity. The despot landed in the West of Sicily on his return from Africa (307 BC), and was received into the city as a friend and ally. He suddenly turned upon the inhabitants on a pretence of disaffection, and put the whole of the citizens (said to amount to 10,000 in number) to the sword, plundered their wealth, and sold the women and children into slavery. He then changed the name of the city to
460:, again had recourse to the Athenians, who were, without much difficulty, persuaded to espouse their cause, and send a fleet to Sicily in 416 BC. It is said that this result was in part attained by fraud, the Segestans having deceived the Athenian envoys by a fallacious display of wealth, and led them to conceive a greatly exaggerated notion of their resources. They, however, actually furnished 60
551:, after his naval victory in 260 BC. Segesta seems to have been one of the first of the Sicilian cities to set the example of defection from Carthage; on which account, as well as of their pretended Trojan descent, the inhabitants were treated with great distinction by the Romans. They were exempted from all public burdens, and even as late as the time of
499:. The Carthaginian power now became firmly established in the western portion of Sicily. Segesta, surrounded on all sides by this formidable neighbor, naturally fell gradually into the position of a dependent ally of Carthage. It was one of the few cities that remained faithful to this alliance even in 397 BC, when the great expedition of
614:
The hilltop offers a view over the valley towards the Gulf of
Castellamare. The city controlled several major roads between the coast to the north and the hinterland. Very little is known about the city plan. Aerial photography indicates a regular city plan, built in part on terraces to overcome the
482:
The final defeat of the
Athenians left the Segestans again exposed to the attacks of their neighbors, the Selinuntines. Feeling themselves unable to cope with them, they again had recourse to the Carthaginians, who determined to espouse their cause, and sent them, in the first instance, an auxiliary
342:
and
Segesta, as descended from the Trojans in question; but another account represents the Elymi as a distinct people, already existing in this part of Sicily when the Trojans arrived there and founded the two cities. A different story seems also to have been current, according to which Segesta owed
570:
also, in 102 BC, the territory of
Segesta is again mentioned as one of those where the insurrection broke out with the greatest fury. But with the exception of these incidental notices we hear little of it under the Roman government. It seems to have been still a considerable town in the time of
618:
Current archaeological work indicates that the site was reoccupied by a Muslim community in the Norman period. Excavations have unearthed a Muslim necropolis and a mosque from the 12th century next to a Norman castle. Evidence suggests that the mosque was destroyed after the arrival of a new
547:, but without success; but shortly after the inhabitants put the Carthaginian garrison to the sword, and declared for the alliance of Rome. They were in consequence besieged by a Carthaginian force, and were at one time reduced to great straits, but were relieved by the arrival of
376:, and by those of Aeneas' folk who wished to remain behind with Acestes to found the city of Acesta. We are told also that the names of Simois and Scamander were given by the Trojan colonists to two small streams which flowed beneath the town, and the latter name is mentioned by
571:
Cicero, and had a port or emporium of its own on the bay about 10 km distant. This emporium seems to have grown up in the days of Strabo to be a more important place than
Segesta itself: but the continued existence of the ancient city is attested both by
659:, any ornamentation, altar or deity dedication, and was never roofed over. The temple was never completed due to the war between Segesta and Selinunte. It managed to escape destruction by the Carthaginians in the late 5th century BC.
479:, on the coast, near Segesta, and made it over to the Segestans. The latter people are again mentioned on more than one occasion as sending auxiliary troops to assist their Athenian allies; but no other notice occurs of them.
529:
It is probable that
Segesta never altogether recovered this blow; but it soon resumed its original name, and again appears in history as an independent city. Thus it is mentioned in 276 BC, as one of the cities which joined
534:
during his expedition into the West of Sicily. It, however, soon after fell again under the power of the
Carthaginians; and it was probably on this occasion that the city was taken and plundered by them, as alluded to by
325:
settlers, fugitives from the destruction of their city; and this tradition was readily welcomed by the Romans, who in consequence claimed a kindred origin with the
Segestans. Thucydides seems to have considered the
448:(426 BC), and concluded a treaty of alliance with Athens. This, however, seems to have led to no result, and shortly after, hostilities having again broken out, the Selinuntines called in the aid of the
647:. The temple has six by fourteen columns on a base measuring 21 by 56 metres, on a platform three steps high. Several elements suggest that the temple was never finished. The columns have not been
436:, the Segestans at this time obtained the advantage over their adversaries. A more obscure statement of Diodorus relates that again in 454 BC, the Segestans were engaged in hostilities with the
643:
temple. Some think it to have been built in the 420s BC by an
Athenian architect, despite the city not having any Greek population. The prevailing view is that it was built by the indigenous
583:. It seems, however, to have been a decaying place, and no trace of it is subsequently found in history. The site is said to have been finally abandoned, in consequence of the ravages of the
452:, with whose assistance they obtained great advantages, and were able to press Segesta closely both by land and sea. In this extremity the Segestans, having in vain applied for assistance to
424:(modern Selinunte), which would appear to prove that both cities had already extended their territories so far as to come into contact with each other. By the timely assistance of a body of
364:, which would seem to have been adopted by the inhabitants themselves, ascribed the foundation of the city jointly by the territorial king Egestus or Aegestus (the
4560:
321:
The origin and foundation of
Segesta are extremely obscure. The tradition current among the Greeks and adopted by Thucydides, ascribed its foundation to a band of
5127:
579:; and we learn from the former that the inhabitants, though they no longer retained their position of nominal independence, enjoyed the privileges of the
1566:
383:
The belief that the name of the city was originally Acesta or Egesta and changed to Segesta by the Romans to avoid its ill-omened meaning in Latin (
511:, and pressed it with the utmost vigor, especially after the fall of Motya. The city, however, was able to defy his efforts, until the landing of
216:
1651:
619:
Christian overlord at the beginning of the 13th century. The city appears to have been finally abandoned by the second half of the 13th century.
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487:
mercenaries, which sufficed to ensure them a victory over their rivals in 410 BC. This was followed the next year by a vast armament under
433:
420:
The first historical notice of the Segestans transmitted to us represents them as already engaged (as early as 580 BC) in hostilities with
1624:
404:, the native race of this part of Sicily, and on the other that it was not a Greek colony. Thucydides, in enumerating the allies of the
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which had been carried off by the Carthaginians, probably when they obtained possession of the city after the departure of Pyrrhus.
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natural sloping terrain. The current remains might be from the reconstruction after the destruction of the city by Agathocles.
655:
present in the blocks of the base (used for lifting the blocks into place but then normally removed). The temple also lacks a
539:; a circumstance of which there are no other account. It continued subject to, or at least dependent on that people, till the
117:
2639:
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591:, about 10 km distant, occupies nearly, if not precisely, the same site as the ancient emporium or port of Segesta.
66:
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Riva, Alessandro. Barbera, Ferruccio. 2005. Iconica: Contemporary Art and Archaeology in Sicily. Edizioni Charta Srl.
611:. The city was protected by steep slopes on several sides and by walls on the more gentle slope towards the temple.
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it was called by the inhabitants themselves Segesta, though this form seems to have been softened by the Greeks of
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with a formidable Carthaginian force changed the aspect of affairs, and compelled Dionysius to raise the siege.
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continued to be "sine foedere immunes ac liberi" - a free and immune city. After the destruction of Carthage,
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Scully, Vincent. 1969. The earth, the temple, and the gods; Greek sacred architecture. New York: Praeger.
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means "poverty" or "lack") is disproved by coins which prove that considerably before the time of
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On a hill just outside the site of the ancient city of Segesta lies an unusually well-preserved
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276:, one of the three indigenous peoples of Sicily. The other major cities of the Elymians were
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471:(415-413 BC), that city bears little part in the subsequent operations of the war.
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Il Tempio di Segesta sembra Greco ma è un’antichissima testimonianza degli Elimi
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seemed altogether to shake the power of Carthage. Dionysius in consequence laid
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495:, and, proceeding direct to Selinus, took and destroyed that city as well as
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The ruins of the city are located on the top of Monte Bàrbaro at 305 m
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But though the relief of Segesta was thus the original object of the great
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1556: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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as they normally would have been in a Doric temple, and there are still
464:
in ready money, and 30 more after the arrival of the Athenian armament.
308:
of Segesta happened very early and had a profound effect on its people.
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543:. In the first year of that war (264 BC) it was attacked by the consul
453:
390:
351:; and, as usual, later writers sought to reconcile the two accounts.
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405:
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1937:
1298:
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273:
169:
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From this time there are few mentions of Segesta till the time of
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3294:
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2737:
2727:
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2441:
2421:
2416:
2296:
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1952:
1942:
1932:
1927:
1917:
1629:
1463:
1398:
576:
476:
429:
425:
421:
365:
281:
4362:
3676:
4832:
4718:
4570:
4387:
4317:
4297:
4259:
4125:
3931:
3824:
3761:
3751:
3696:
3314:
3299:
2895:
2880:
2855:
2850:
2835:
2496:
2491:
2258:
2238:
1982:
1972:
1967:
1838:
1798:
1788:
1773:
1418:
1372:
1333:
1317:
1223:
835:
795:
552:
536:
496:
472:
360:
355:
293:
285:
165:
101:
5044:
5019:
4925:
4893:
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4372:
4269:
4209:
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4022:
3774:
3686:
3681:
3651:
3646:
3621:
3304:
2845:
2800:
2752:
2324:
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1977:
1947:
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1869:
1808:
1778:
656:
504:
327:
289:
255:
245:
235:
105:
745:
Janelli, Lorena; Cerchiai, Luca; Longo, Fausto (June 2004).
587:, in 900 AD, and is now wholly desolate. The modern town of
4653:
4402:
4377:
4327:
3814:
3804:
322:
669:
Burford, Alison (1961). "Temple Building at Segesta".
744:
400:
The city was occupied by a people distinct from the
1519:
Iconica: Contemporary Art and Archaeology in Sicily
4568:
1597:. Vol. XXI (9th ed.). 1886. p. 622.
368:of Virgil), who was said to be the offspring of a
440:for the possession of the territory on the river
5094:
1865:
354:Another version of the Trojan story related in
1625:Panoramic virtual tour inside the Doric temple
4554:
1645:
1530:Grinnell, Isabel Hoopes. 1943. Greek temples.
19:"Egesta" redirects here. For other uses, see
1517:Riva, Alessandro; Barbera, Ferruccio. 2005.
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1260:
1239:
1202:
1181:
1160:
1139:
1118:
1097:
1056:
1015:
974:
930:
909:
859:
748:The Greek Cities of Magna Graecia and Sicily
380:as one still in use at a much later period.
338:), a barbarian tribe in the neighborhood of
284:. It is located in the northwestern part of
26:For the town of Liguria with this name, see
5128:Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Italy
384:
4561:
4547:
2531:
1652:
1638:
1561:
718:
49:
950:
948:
415:
626:
598:
1572:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography
770:
768:
731:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography
705:http://www.trismegistos.org/place/22277
668:
503:to the West of Sicily and the siege of
5095:
3585:
1077:
1036:
995:
954:
945:
889:
774:
714:
712:
559:restored to the Segestans a statue of
372:damsel named Segesta by the river god
347:, who had been among the followers of
4542:
4442:
3584:
3013:
2517:
1864:
1684:
1633:
751:. J. Paul Getty Museum. p. 272.
272:) was one of the major cities of the
4053:Illicitanus Limin/Portus Illicitanus
1685:
1297:
765:
1462:
1397:
709:
200:Soprintendenza BB.CC.AA. di Trapani
13:
3014:
1659:
1417:
1371:
834:
794:
662:
14:
5149:
1579:
1442:
880:Lewis and Short Latin Dictionary.
5123:Former populated places in Italy
5118:Ionian colonies in Magna Graecia
4635:
4629:
4623:
4522:
4512:
4503:
4502:
1551:
1084:History of the Peloponnesian War
1043:History of the Peloponnesian War
1002:History of the Peloponnesian War
961:History of the Peloponnesian War
896:History of the Peloponnesian War
781:History of the Peloponnesian War
72:
65:
5138:Roman towns and cities in Italy
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1533:
1524:
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1429:Page numbers refer to those of
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1383:Page numbers refer to those of
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846:Page numbers refer to those of
806:Page numbers refer to those of
483:force of 5000 Africans and 800
73:
5108:Archaeological sites in Sicily
4941:Roman amphitheatre of Syracuse
4681:Polizzello archaeological site
874:
853:
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813:
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697:
1:
2124:
2111:
2092:
2075:
1427:. Vol. vi. pp. 266, 272.
1381:. Vol. vi. pp. 266, 272.
1370:"τὸ τῶν Αἰγεστέων ἐμπόριον",
690:
622:
469:Athenian expedition to Sicily
3252:Funeral and burial practices
2437:Military of Mycenaean Greece
594:
7:
4785:Ancient theatre of Taormina
4724:Sant'Ippolito (Caltagirone)
703:Trismegistos GEO ID: 22277
55:The Doric temple of Segesta
10:
5154:
3176:Greek Revival architecture
2518:
1620:See Palermo's Segesta Page
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316:
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246:
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25:
18:
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4961:Greek Theatre of Syracuse
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4646:Province of Caltanissetta
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4160:
4149:
4076:
3998:
3955:
3902:
3760:
3612:
3603:
3599:
3580:
3529:
3444:
3382:
3344:
3337:
3287:
3247:
3238:
3160:
3037:
3033:
3009:
2975:
2944:
2786:
2673:
2617:
2584:Attalid kings of Pergamon
2539:
2530:
2526:
2513:
2392:Antigonid Macedonian army
2365:
2338:
2310:
2267:
2224:
2215:
2057:
1996:
1893:
1889:
1860:
1759:
1708:
1704:
1680:
1667:
1171:. Vol. 14.48, 53-55.
683:10.1017/S0009838800008417
217:Area Archeologica Segesta
212:
204:
196:
188:
180:
175:
161:
156:
148:
111:
89:
60:
48:
38:
5103:Ancient cities in Sicily
5082:Roman furnaces in Alcamo
4998:Villa Romana del Tellaro
4569:Archaeological sites in
1026:. Vol. 12.83, 13.6.
844:. Vol. xiii. p.608.
343:its origin to a band of
4988:Necropolis of Pantalica
4983:Necropolis of Cassibile
4752:Villa Romana del Casale
4613:Temple of Olympian Zeus
1594:Encyclopædia Britannica
671:The Classical Quarterly
589:Castellammare del Golfo
501:Dionysius I of Syracuse
269:
21:Egesta (disambiguation)
4916:Colonne di San Basilio
2618:Artists & scholars
2533:List of ancient Greeks
2170:Second Athenian League
2019:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
1844:Ancient Greek colonies
1575:. London: John Murray.
1521:. Edizioni Charta Srl.
1129:. Vol. 13.43, 44.
804:. Vol. vi. p.272.
734:. London: John Murray.
636:
604:
545:Appius Claudius Caudex
520:Agathocles of Syracuse
416:In historical accounts
385:
335:
4795:Villa Romana di Patti
4579:Province of Agrigento
3737:Sybaris on the Traeis
2462:Sacred Band of Thebes
2202:(c. 300 BC–c. 300 AD)
1716:Cycladic civilization
1504:Lo Monaco, Annalisa.
1396:Σεγεστανῶν ἐμπόριον,
1356:Bibliotheca historica
1267:Bibliotheca historica
1246:Bibliotheca historica
1209:Bibliotheca historica
1188:Bibliotheca historica
1167:Bibliotheca historica
1150:. Vol. 13.54-58.
1146:Bibliotheca historica
1125:Bibliotheca historica
1104:Bibliotheca historica
1063:Bibliotheca historica
1022:Bibliotheca historica
981:Bibliotheca historica
937:Bibliotheca historica
916:Bibliotheca historica
866:Bibliotheca historica
635:'s painting from 1843
630:
602:
133:37.94139°N 12.83222°E
5133:Archaeological parks
4886:Province of Syracuse
3262:mythological figures
2983:Ancient Greek tribes
2108:Peloponnesian League
1565:, ed. (1854–1857). "
1508:. vanillamagazine.it
1358:(Historical Library)
1269:(Historical Library)
1248:(Historical Library)
1211:(Historical Library)
1190:(Historical Library)
1169:(Historical Library)
1148:(Historical Library)
1127:(Historical Library)
1106:(Historical Library)
1065:(Historical Library)
1024:(Historical Library)
1005:. Vol. 6.8, 46.
983:(Historical Library)
939:(Historical Library)
918:(Historical Library)
868:(Historical Library)
5035:Grotta del Genovese
5008:Province of Trapani
4911:Cava del Rivettazzo
4818:Grotta dell'Addaura
4805:Province of Palermo
4762:Province of Messina
4701:Province of Catania
4664:Greek baths of Gela
4601:Temple of Concordia
3374:Tunnel of Eupalinos
3369:Theatre of Dionysus
2993:Ancient Macedonians
2609:Tyrants of Syracuse
2121:Amphictyonic League
1721:Minoan civilization
1472:. Vol. 3.4.15.
1452:. Vol. 3.8.14.
1286:Extracts of History
722:, ed. (1854–1857).
408:at the time of the
302:province of Trapani
129: /
98:Province of Trapani
35:
28:Segesta Tigulliorum
4853:Province of Ragusa
4605:Temple of Heracles
4048:Menestheus's Limin
3702:Pandosia (Lucania)
3590:Greek colonisation
2952:Athenian statesmen
2713:Diogenes of Sinope
2574:Kings of Macedonia
2564:Kings of Commagene
2432:Macedonian phalanx
2412:Hellenistic armies
2160:(c. 424–c. 395 BC)
2024:Indo-Greek Kingdom
1746:Hellenistic Greece
1610:Photos of the site
1449:Naturalis Historia
1407:. Vol. 3.4.4.
1213:. Vol. 22.10.
1192:. Vol. 20.71.
985:. Vol. 12.82.
941:. Vol. 11.86.
870:. Vol. 20.71.
637:
631:Segesta Temple in
605:
568:Second Servile War
298:Calatafimi-Segesta
292:, near the modern
205:Public access
138:37.94139; 12.83222
94:Calatafimi-Segesta
81:Shown within Italy
42:(in Ancient Greek)
33:
5090:
5089:
4966:Grotta del Ninfeo
4536:
4535:
4494:
4493:
4434:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4426:
4425:
4000:Iberian Peninsula
3932:Lipara/Meligounis
3898:
3897:
3576:
3575:
3572:
3571:
3549:Cypriot syllabary
3440:
3439:
3349:Athenian Treasury
3333:
3332:
3005:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2594:Ptolemaic dynasty
2554:Archons of Athens
2509:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2380:Athenian military
2361:
2360:
2194:League of Corinth
2176:Thessalian League
2152:Chalcidian League
2134:Acarnanian League
2044:Ptolemaic Kingdom
1856:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1360:. Vol. 36.5.
1307:. Vol. 1.24.
1271:. Vol. 23.5.
1250:. Vol. 23.3.
1108:. Vol. 13.7.
1087:. Vol. 7.57.
1067:. Vol. 13.6.
1046:. Vol. 6.62.
899:. Vol. 7.57.
603:The Greek theater
581:Latin citizenship
532:Pyrrhus of Epirus
410:Peloponnesian War
225:
224:
5145:
4976:Temple of Apollo
4971:Temple of Athena
4956:Galermi Aqueduct
4951:Ear of Dionysius
4734:Province of Enna
4639:
4633:
4627:
4597:Valle dei Templi
4563:
4556:
4549:
4540:
4539:
4526:
4525:
4516:
4506:
4505:
4440:
4439:
4158:
4157:
3657:Heraclea Lucania
3610:
3609:
3601:
3600:
3582:
3581:
3342:
3341:
3274:Twelve Olympians
3245:
3244:
3035:
3034:
3011:
3010:
2599:Seleucid dynasty
2579:Kings of Paionia
2528:
2527:
2515:
2514:
2385:Scythian archers
2292:Graphe paranomon
2222:
2221:
2129:
2126:
2116:
2113:
2097:
2094:
2084:
2080:
2077:
1891:
1890:
1862:
1861:
1741:Classical Greece
1726:Mycenaean Greece
1706:
1705:
1682:
1681:
1654:
1647:
1640:
1631:
1630:
1606:
1602:Official website
1598:
1590:
1576:
1555:
1554:
1540:
1537:
1531:
1528:
1522:
1515:
1509:
1502:
1496:
1493:
1487:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1394:
1388:
1382:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1351:Diodorus Siculus
1347:
1341:
1331:
1325:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1295:
1289:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1262:Diodorus Siculus
1258:
1252:
1251:
1241:Diodorus Siculus
1237:
1231:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1204:Diodorus Siculus
1200:
1194:
1193:
1183:Diodorus Siculus
1179:
1173:
1172:
1162:Diodorus Siculus
1158:
1152:
1151:
1141:Diodorus Siculus
1137:
1131:
1130:
1120:Diodorus Siculus
1116:
1110:
1109:
1099:Diodorus Siculus
1095:
1089:
1088:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1058:Diodorus Siculus
1054:
1048:
1047:
1034:
1028:
1027:
1017:Diodorus Siculus
1013:
1007:
1006:
993:
987:
986:
976:Diodorus Siculus
972:
966:
965:
964:. Vol. 6.6.
952:
943:
942:
932:Diodorus Siculus
928:
922:
921:
920:. Vol. 5.9.
911:Diodorus Siculus
907:
901:
900:
887:
881:
878:
872:
871:
861:Diodorus Siculus
857:
851:
845:
832:
826:
817:
811:
805:
792:
786:
785:
784:. Vol. 6.2.
772:
763:
762:
742:
736:
735:
727:
716:
707:
701:
686:
557:Scipio Africanus
509:siege to Segesta
491:, who landed at
432:emigrants under
388:
378:Diodorus Siculus
259:
258:
249:
248:
239:
238:
221:
144:
143:
141:
140:
139:
134:
130:
127:
126:
125:
122:
76:
75:
69:
53:
43:
36:
32:
5153:
5152:
5148:
5147:
5146:
5144:
5143:
5142:
5093:
5092:
5091:
5086:
5002:
4946:Altar of Hieron
4880:
4847:
4799:
4756:
4728:
4695:
4640:
4634:
4628:
4619:
4573:
4567:
4537:
4532:
4490:
4445:
4422:
4285:
4279:
4162:
4153:
4145:
4116:Melaina Korkyra
4072:
3994:
3951:
3904:Aeolian Islands
3894:
3756:
3614:
3595:
3594:
3568:
3525:
3436:
3378:
3329:
3283:
3234:
3156:
3147:Wedding customs
3029:
3028:
2997:
2988:Thracian Greeks
2971:
2962:Olympic victors
2940:
2782:
2669:
2613:
2604:Kings of Sparta
2589:Kings of Pontus
2559:Kings of Athens
2535:
2522:
2501:
2397:Army of Macedon
2357:
2334:
2306:
2263:
2211:
2184:(370–c. 230 BC)
2182:Arcadian League
2166:(c. 400–188 BC)
2164:Aetolian League
2158:Boeotian League
2140:Hellenic League
2127:
2114:
2104:(c. 650–404 BC)
2095:
2089:Italiote League
2082:
2078:
2072:Doric Hexapolis
2062:
2053:
2049:Seleucid Empire
1992:
1885:
1884:
1848:
1755:
1731:Greek Dark Ages
1700:
1699:
1676:
1663:
1658:
1604:
1588:"Segesta"
1585:
1582:
1552:
1549:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1525:
1516:
1512:
1503:
1499:
1494:
1490:
1484:ad Fazell. Sic.
1481:
1477:
1461:
1457:
1441:
1437:
1416:
1412:
1395:
1391:
1369:
1365:
1348:
1344:
1332:
1328:
1316:
1312:
1296:
1292:
1282:Joannes Zonaras
1280:
1276:
1259:
1255:
1238:
1234:
1222:
1218:
1201:
1197:
1180:
1176:
1159:
1155:
1138:
1134:
1117:
1113:
1096:
1092:
1076:
1072:
1055:
1051:
1035:
1031:
1014:
1010:
994:
990:
973:
969:
953:
946:
929:
925:
908:
904:
888:
884:
879:
875:
858:
854:
833:
829:
818:
814:
793:
789:
773:
766:
759:
743:
739:
725:"Segesta"
717:
710:
702:
698:
693:
665:
663:Further reading
625:
609:above sea level
597:
541:First Punic War
418:
319:
314:
219:
137:
135:
131:
128:
123:
120:
118:
116:
115:
85:
84:
83:
82:
79:
78:
77:
56:
44:
41:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5151:
5141:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5088:
5087:
5085:
5084:
5079:
5078:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5012:
5010:
5004:
5003:
5001:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4979:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4933:
4931:Megara Hyblaea
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4902:
4901:
4890:
4888:
4882:
4881:
4879:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4857:
4855:
4849:
4848:
4846:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4809:
4807:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4766:
4764:
4758:
4757:
4755:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4738:
4736:
4730:
4729:
4727:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4705:
4703:
4697:
4696:
4694:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4676:Monte Bubbonia
4673:
4668:
4667:
4666:
4661:
4659:Bosco Littorio
4650:
4648:
4642:
4641:
4622:
4620:
4618:
4617:
4616:
4615:
4609:Temple of Juno
4589:
4587:Heraclea Minoa
4583:
4581:
4575:
4574:
4566:
4565:
4558:
4551:
4543:
4534:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4520:
4510:
4499:
4496:
4495:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4462:
4461:
4450:
4447:
4446:
4436:
4435:
4432:
4431:
4428:
4427:
4424:
4423:
4421:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4289:
4287:
4281:
4280:
4278:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4166:
4164:
4155:
4147:
4146:
4144:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4082:
4080:
4074:
4073:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4004:
4002:
3996:
3995:
3993:
3992:
3987:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3961:
3959:
3953:
3952:
3950:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3908:
3906:
3900:
3899:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3850:Megara Hyblaea
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3830:Hybla Gereatis
3827:
3822:
3820:Heraclea Minoa
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3766:
3764:
3758:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3618:
3616:
3607:
3597:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3586:
3578:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3566:
3564:Attic numerals
3561:
3559:Greek numerals
3556:
3554:Greek alphabet
3551:
3546:
3541:
3535:
3533:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3523:
3518:
3517:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3450:
3448:
3442:
3441:
3438:
3437:
3435:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3388:
3386:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3345:
3339:
3335:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3328:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3291:
3289:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3265:
3264:
3254:
3248:
3242:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3208:Musical system
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3167:
3165:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3043:
3041:
3031:
3030:
3027:
3026:
3021:
3015:
3007:
3006:
3003:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2979:
2977:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2948:
2946:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2792:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2679:
2677:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2640:Mathematicians
2637:
2632:
2627:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2549:Kings of Argos
2545:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2524:
2523:
2511:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2489:
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2479:
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2407:Cretan archers
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2209:
2206:Achaean League
2203:
2200:Euboean League
2197:
2191:
2188:Epirote League
2185:
2179:
2173:
2167:
2161:
2155:
2149:
2143:
2137:
2136:(c. 500–31 BC)
2131:
2118:
2105:
2099:
2086:
2068:
2066:
2064:Confederations
2055:
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2016:
2011:
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1988:Lissus (Crete)
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1736:Archaic Greece
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1698:
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1661:Ancient Greece
1657:
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1649:
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1634:
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1622:
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1612:
1607:
1599:
1581:
1580:External links
1578:
1563:Smith, William
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1510:
1497:
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1431:Isaac Casaubon
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1385:Isaac Casaubon
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848:Isaac Casaubon
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758:978-0892367511
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720:Smith, William
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677:(1–2): 87–93.
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3417:Hera, Olympia
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2472:Seleucid army
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2159:
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2150:
2147:
2146:Delian League
2144:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2122:
2119:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2102:Ionian League
2100:
2090:
2087:
2083: 560 BC
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1824:Magna Graecia
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1800:
1797:
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1707:
1703:
1696:
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1600:
1596:
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1577:
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1568:
1564:
1559:
1558:public domain
1536:
1527:
1520:
1514:
1507:
1501:
1492:
1485:
1479:
1471:
1470:
1469:The Geography
1465:
1459:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1439:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1420:
1414:
1406:
1405:
1404:The Geography
1400:
1393:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1374:
1367:
1359:
1357:
1352:
1346:
1339:
1335:
1330:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1306:
1305:
1304:The Histories
1300:
1294:
1287:
1283:
1278:
1270:
1268:
1263:
1257:
1249:
1247:
1242:
1236:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1212:
1210:
1205:
1199:
1191:
1189:
1184:
1178:
1170:
1168:
1163:
1157:
1149:
1147:
1142:
1136:
1128:
1126:
1121:
1115:
1107:
1105:
1100:
1094:
1086:
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1080:
1074:
1066:
1064:
1059:
1053:
1045:
1044:
1039:
1033:
1025:
1023:
1018:
1012:
1004:
1003:
998:
992:
984:
982:
977:
971:
963:
962:
957:
951:
949:
940:
938:
933:
927:
919:
917:
912:
906:
898:
897:
892:
886:
877:
869:
867:
862:
856:
849:
843:
842:
837:
831:
824:
821:
816:
809:
803:
802:
797:
791:
783:
782:
777:
771:
769:
760:
754:
750:
749:
741:
733:
732:
726:
721:
715:
713:
706:
700:
696:
684:
680:
676:
672:
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658:
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650:
646:
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634:
629:
620:
616:
612:
610:
601:
592:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
569:
564:
562:
558:
554:
550:
549:Gaius Duilius
546:
542:
538:
533:
527:
525:
521:
516:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
489:Hannibal Mago
486:
480:
478:
474:
470:
465:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
413:
411:
407:
403:
398:
397:into Egesta.
396:
395:Magna Graecia
392:
387:
381:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
362:
357:
352:
350:
346:
341:
337:
333:
329:
324:
309:
307:
306:hellenization
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
253:
243:
233:
229:
218:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
174:
171:
167:
164:
160:
155:
151:
147:
142:
114:
110:
107:
103:
99:
95:
92:
88:
68:
59:
52:
47:
37:
29:
22:
5075:Cave di Cusa
5049:
4866:Hybla Heraea
4709:Aetna (city)
4323:Dionysopolis
4293:Abonoteichos
4245:Pantikapaion
3864:
3835:Hybla Heraea
3171:Architecture
3127:Prostitution
2816:Aristophanes
2675:Philosophers
2645:Philosophers
2477:Spartan army
2208:(280–146 BC)
2196:(338–322 BC)
2190:(370–168 BC)
2178:(374–196 BC)
2172:(378–355 BC)
2154:(430–348 BC)
2148:(478–404 BC)
2142:(499–449 BC)
1829:Peloponnesus
1751:Roman Greece
1605:(in Italian)
1592:
1570:
1550:
1535:
1526:
1518:
1513:
1505:
1500:
1491:
1483:
1478:
1467:
1458:
1447:
1438:
1433:'s edition.
1422:
1413:
1402:
1392:
1387:'s edition.
1376:
1366:
1354:
1345:
1337:
1329:
1321:
1313:
1302:
1293:
1285:
1277:
1265:
1256:
1244:
1235:
1227:
1219:
1207:
1198:
1186:
1177:
1165:
1156:
1144:
1135:
1123:
1114:
1102:
1093:
1082:
1073:
1061:
1052:
1041:
1032:
1020:
1011:
1000:
991:
979:
970:
959:
935:
926:
914:
905:
894:
885:
876:
864:
855:
850:'s edition.
839:
830:
825:1.550, 5.30.
822:
815:
810:'s edition.
799:
790:
779:
747:
740:
729:
699:
674:
670:
638:
617:
613:
606:
565:
528:
523:
517:
481:
466:
419:
399:
382:
359:
353:
320:
261:
251:
241:
227:
226:
220:(in Italian)
16:Ancient city
4691:Vassallaggi
4671:Gibil Gabib
4471:Place names
4383:Salmydessus
4205:Kalos Limen
4185:Chersonesus
4175:Borysthenes
3880:Tauromenion
3692:Metapontion
3454:Proto-Greek
3407:Erechtheion
3402:Athena Nike
3364:Philippeion
3193:Mathematics
3164:and science
3047:Agriculture
2911:Stesichorus
2821:Bacchylides
2811:Archilochus
2698:Antisthenes
2688:Anaximander
2660:Seven Sages
2650:Playwrights
2630:Geographers
2625:Astronomers
2452:Pezhetairos
2079: 1100
2059:Federations
1958:Megalopolis
1895:City states
1870:City states
1424:Geographica
1378:Geographica
841:Geographica
801:Geographica
633:Thomas Cole
566:During the
524:Dicaeopolis
349:Philoctetes
136: /
112:Coordinates
5097:Categories
4936:Syrakousai
4747:Morgantina
4373:Polemonion
4250:Phanagoria
4220:Kimmerikon
4215:Kerkinitis
4200:Hermonassa
4190:Dioscurias
4086:Aspalathos
4033:Kalathousa
4008:Akra Leuke
3937:Phoenicusa
3722:Scylletium
3707:Poseidonia
3627:Brentesion
3514:Pamphylian
3509:Macedonian
3427:Samothrace
3412:Hephaestus
3359:Long Walls
3338:Structures
3279:Underworld
3225:Technology
3188:Literature
3122:Philosophy
3087:Euergetism
2976:By culture
2921:Thucydides
2763:Pythagoras
2758:Protagoras
2748:Parmenides
2733:Heraclitus
2718:Empedocles
2708:Democritus
2693:Anaximenes
2683:Anaxagoras
2635:Historians
2128: 595
2115: 550
2096: 800
2081: – c.
2009:Cappadocia
1814:Ionian Sea
1804:Hellespont
1769:Aegean Sea
1324:3.6, 4.33.
1079:Thucydides
1038:Thucydides
997:Thucydides
956:Thucydides
891:Thucydides
776:Thucydides
691:References
623:The temple
454:Agrigentum
450:Syracusans
438:Lilybaeans
434:Pentathlus
391:Thucydides
197:Management
176:Site notes
152:Settlement
124:12°49′56″E
121:37°56′29″N
5055:Selinunte
4770:Abacaenum
4742:Centuripe
4459:in Epirus
4408:Trapezous
4353:Mesambria
4338:Eupatoria
4308:Apollonia
4303:Anchialos
4265:Theodosia
4235:Nymphaion
4225:Myrmekion
4195:Gorgippia
4151:Black Sea
4136:Tragurion
4121:Nymphaion
4106:Epidauros
4101:Epidamnos
4091:Apollonia
4068:Zacynthos
3990:Ptolemais
3984:Apollonia
3957:Cyrenaica
3947:Therassía
3942:Strongyle
3922:Ereikousa
3845:Leontinoi
3785:Apollonia
3662:Hipponion
3459:Mycenaean
3422:Parthenon
3354:Lion Gate
3257:Mythology
3220:Sculpture
3183:Astronomy
3117:Pederasty
3092:Festivals
3077:Education
2957:Lawgivers
2926:Timocreon
2906:Sophocles
2901:Simonides
2876:Philocles
2871:Panyassis
2866:Mimnermus
2831:Herodotus
2826:Euripides
2796:Aeschylus
2743:Leucippus
2703:Aristotle
2482:Strategos
2348:Synedrion
2302:Ostracism
2282:Areopagus
2234:Free city
2029:Macedonia
1913:Byzantion
1819:Macedonia
1784:Cyrenaica
1761:Geography
1695:Geography
1486:7.4. n. 9
595:Situation
493:Lilybaeum
485:Campanian
406:Athenians
402:Sicanians
370:Dardanian
189:Ownership
184:Preserved
181:Condition
5113:Elymians
5070:Temple F
5065:Temple E
5060:Temple C
5030:Halyciae
5025:Drepanum
4906:Casmenae
4871:Kamarina
4861:Akrillai
4843:Soluntum
4686:Sabucina
4508:Category
4486:Theatres
4413:Tripolis
4348:Kerasous
4343:Heraclea
4275:Tyritake
4230:Nikonion
4141:Thronion
4063:Salauris
4018:Emporion
3975:Berenice
3965:Balagrae
3917:Euonymos
3890:Tyndaris
3875:Syracuse
3870:Selinous
3840:Kamarina
3795:Casmenae
3780:Akrillai
3697:Neápolis
3632:Caulonia
3613:Mainland
3544:Linear B
3539:Linear A
3469:Dialects
3446:Language
3240:Religion
3198:Medicine
3132:Religion
3097:Folklore
3082:Emporium
3057:Clothing
3052:Calendar
2936:Xenophon
2931:Tyrtaeus
2916:Theognis
2891:Polybius
2886:Plutarch
2861:Menander
2841:Hipponax
2768:Socrates
2723:Epicurus
2569:Diadochi
2467:Sciritae
2427:Hetairoi
2402:Ballista
2367:Military
2330:Gerousia
2320:Ekklesia
2287:Ecclesia
2269:Athenian
2217:Politics
2130:–279 BC)
2117:–366 BC)
2098:–389 BC)
2034:Pergamon
2004:Bithynia
1997:Kingdoms
1938:Pergamon
1880:Military
1875:Politics
1672:Timeline
1299:Polybius
645:Elymians
585:Saracens
458:Carthage
374:Crinisus
345:Phocians
328:Elymians
274:Elymians
270:Siggesta
266:Sicilian
162:Cultures
90:Location
5050:Segesta
4993:Thapsos
4921:Helorus
4899:Santoni
4876:Kaukana
4823:Hippana
4813:Entella
4790:Tindari
4775:Halaesa
4592:Akragas
4528:Outline
4481:Temples
4418:Zaliche
4398:Thèrmae
4388:Sesamus
4358:Odessos
4333:Cytorus
4328:Cotyora
4078:Illyria
4043:Mainake
4038:Kypsela
3927:Hycesia
3885:Thermae
3865:Segesta
3855:Messana
3810:Helorus
3790:Calacte
3770:Akragas
3732:Sybaris
3717:Rhegion
3672:Krimisa
3622:Alision
3531:Writing
3504:Locrian
3494:Epirote
3464:Homeric
3397:Artemis
3384:Temples
3325:Olympia
3295:Eleusis
3230:Theatre
3215:Pottery
3142:Warfare
3137:Slavery
3072:Economy
3067:Cuisine
3062:Coinage
3039:Society
3024:Culture
3019:Society
2967:Tyrants
2806:Alcaeus
2788:Authors
2738:Hypatia
2728:Gorgias
2665:Writers
2487:Toxotai
2457:Sarissa
2447:Peltast
2442:Phalanx
2422:Hoplite
2417:Hippeis
2340:Macedon
2312:Spartan
2297:Heliaia
2244:Proxeny
1953:Larissa
1948:Kerkyra
1943:Eretria
1933:Miletus
1928:Ephesus
1923:Corinth
1918:Chalcis
1839:Taurica
1709:Periods
1690:History
1615:Segesta
1567:Segesta
1560::
1547:Sources
1482:Amico,
1464:Ptolemy
1399:Ptolemy
1230:iv. 33.
823:ad Aen.
577:Ptolemy
513:Himilco
477:Hyccara
462:talents
442:Mazarus
430:Rhodian
426:Cnidian
422:Selinus
386:egestās
366:Acestes
317:Origins
312:History
300:in the
294:commune
282:Entella
262:Aígesta
257:Αἴγεστα
252:Ségesta
247:Σέγεστα
228:Segesta
213:Website
170:Elymian
157:History
40:Ἔγεστα
34:Segesta
4838:Pirama
4833:Himera
4719:Palike
4714:Katáne
4571:Sicily
4518:Portal
4466:People
4454:Cities
4393:Sinope
4378:Rhizos
4368:Phasis
4318:Bathus
4313:Athina
4298:Amisos
4260:Tanais
4255:Pityus
4180:Charax
4131:Pharos
4126:Orikon
4023:Helike
4013:Alonis
3980:Cyrene
3912:Didyme
3825:Himera
3800:Catana
3762:Sicily
3752:Thurii
3747:Terina
3712:Pixous
3667:Hydrus
3642:Croton
3474:Aeolic
3392:Aphaea
3315:Dodona
3300:Delphi
3269:Temple
2945:Others
2896:Sappho
2881:Pindar
2856:Lucian
2851:Ibycus
2836:Hesiod
2773:Thales
2541:Rulers
2520:People
2497:Xyston
2492:Xiphos
2353:Koinon
2259:Tyrant
2249:Stasis
2239:Koinon
2039:Pontus
2014:Epirus
1983:Sparta
1973:Rhodes
1968:Megara
1963:Thebes
1908:Athens
1834:Pontus
1799:Epirus
1789:Cyprus
1774:Aeolis
1419:Strabo
1373:Strabo
1334:Cicero
1318:Cicero
1288:, 8.9.
1224:Cicero
836:Strabo
796:Strabo
755:
653:bosses
649:fluted
553:Cicero
537:Cicero
497:Himera
473:Nicias
446:Laches
361:Aeneid
356:Virgil
323:Trojan
304:. The
286:Sicily
242:Egesta
237:Ἔγεστα
192:Public
102:Sicily
5045:Motya
5020:Erice
4926:Netum
4894:Akrai
4828:Ietas
4780:Naxos
4476:Stoae
4444:Lists
4363:Oinòe
4286:coast
4284:South
4270:Tyras
4240:Olbia
4210:Kepoi
4163:coast
4161:North
4154:basin
4096:Aulon
4058:Rhode
3970:Barca
3860:Naxos
3815:Henna
3775:Akrai
3742:Taras
3727:Siris
3687:Medma
3682:Locri
3647:Cumae
3637:Chone
3615:Italy
3521:Koine
3499:Ionic
3489:Doric
3484:Attic
3305:Delos
3203:Music
2846:Homer
2801:Aesop
2753:Plato
2655:Poets
2325:Ephor
2277:Agora
2254:Tagus
2229:Boule
1978:Samos
1903:Argos
1809:Ionia
1794:Doris
1779:Crete
1444:Pliny
1340:4.33.
1228:Verr.
820:Serv.
657:cella
641:Doric
573:Pliny
561:Diana
505:Motya
336:Elymi
332:Latin
290:Italy
254:, or
244:, or
232:Greek
166:Greek
106:Italy
5016:Eryx
4654:Gela
4403:Tium
4170:Akra
4111:Issa
3805:Gela
3677:Laüs
3652:Elea
3310:Dion
3162:Arts
3152:Wine
2778:Zeno
2375:Wars
1338:Ver.
1322:Ver.
753:ISBN
575:and
428:and
340:Eryx
280:and
278:Eryx
149:Type
3107:Law
1569:".
679:doi
358:'s
296:of
288:in
208:Yes
5099::
4611:-
4607:-
4603:-
4599:-
2125:c.
2112:c.
2093:c.
2076:c.
1591:.
1466:.
1446:.
1421:.
1401:.
1375:.
1353:.
1336:,
1320:,
1301:.
1284:,
1264:.
1243:.
1226:,
1206:.
1185:.
1164:.
1143:.
1122:.
1101:.
1081:.
1060:.
1040:.
1019:.
999:.
978:.
958:.
947:^
934:.
913:.
893:.
863:.
838:.
798:.
778:.
767:^
728:.
711:^
675:11
673:.
334::
268::
264:;
260:,
250:,
240:,
234::
168:,
104:,
100:,
96:,
5018:/
4562:e
4555:t
4548:v
3986:)
3982:(
2123:(
2110:(
2091:(
2085:)
2074:(
2061:/
1653:e
1646:t
1639:v
761:.
685:.
681::
330:(
230:(
30:.
23:.
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