272:, species sometimes would cooperate each other, which could be considered as a mutualistic behavior. But species choose to have mutualistic behaviors, because the mutualistic behaviors could provide them more benefits to fit in the environment, which ultimately is a selfishness behavior. For example, animal cooperation exists in wild dogs community. They hunt together for large mammals easier. During the hunting, each individuals would have specific roles, like chase the prey toward a cliff and make other individuals easy to hunt.
1398:
240:. These core themes inevitably relate to the concept of selfishness. Locke, for example, sought for people to exercise "self-government"—the idea that an individual should make his/her own decisions. This inherent right would allow individuals to pursue self-interests, rather than suffer the burdens of any altruistic obligations. Thus, unlike political ideologies such as
451:
Self-centeredness was marked as a key feature in a phenomenological theory of criminality named "The
Criminal Spin" model. Accordingly, in most criminal behaviors there is a heightened state of self-centeredness, that differently manifests itself in different situations and in different forms of
255:
opposed the latter view by way of the
Aristotelian argument that framing the fundamental question of politics as a choice between altruism and selfishness is a basic and harmful mistake of modern states. Rather, cooperation ought to be the norm: human beings are by nature social animals, and so
708:
358:, among others. None of these named the system they espoused "selfism" or characterized it as "selfist", although both Seabury and Rand included the word "selfishness" in the titles of books presenting their views. Many of these figures were pro-
169:
joined a perceived majority of his countrymen in condemning those who sought only to profit themselves; but he approved the man of reason who sought to gain for himself the greatest share of that which deserved social praise.
432:
The contrast between self-affirmation and selfishness has become a conflictual arena in which the respective claims of individual/community are often played out between parents and children or men and women, for example.
409:
above all else in similar fashion to
Objectivism. Despite some similarities, they remain separate entities, as there are clear differences between the two concepts.
176:
proposed a cultivation of the self within a wider community—a care for the self which he opposed to mere selfishness in a theme that would later be taken up by
587:
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to refer to any philosophy, theory, doctrine, or tendency that upholds explicitly selfish principles as being desirable. The term is usually used
244:, Locke and other classical liberals believe that selfishness is engrained in human nature. Locke arguably opened the door for later thinkers like
343:
846:. By David T. Krohne. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. $ 129.95 (paper). xxv + 520 p.; ill.; index. ISBN 978-0-19-975745-9. 2015"
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favor the development of a genuine sense of self, and may even speak of a healthy selfishness, as opposed to the self-occlusion of what
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326:
Explicit selfishness as a desirable end and moral good had diverse manifestations during that period, for example, in the writings of
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proposed the paradox that social and economic advance depended on private vices—on what he called the sordidness of selfishness.
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is being concerned excessively or exclusively for oneself or one's own advantage, pleasure, or welfare, regardless of others.
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to argue for selfishness as a social virtue and the root of social progress. Ayn Rand held that selfishness is a virtue.
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carried forward this tradition when he characterized “Wisdom for a man's self...s the wisdom of rats”.
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Ronel, N. (2011). “Criminal behavior, criminal mind: Being caught in a criminal spin”.
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are essentially selfist at their core. He lays the blame predominantly at the feet of
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saw the economic system as usefully channelling selfish self-interest to wider ends.
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has been seen as one of the roots of selfishness, extending as far as the cold
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Selfishness was viewed in the
Western Christian tradition as a central
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International
Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology
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The implications of selfishness have inspired divergent views within
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in nature, which needs selfishness to gain more limited resources.
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contexts. Some early examples of "selfist" thinking are the
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In Darwin's theory, species understands the intensity of
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The virtue of selfishness : a new concept of egoism
594:, Merriam-Webster Dictionary, accessed on 23 August 2014
709:"What Is Classical Liberalism? Definition and Examples"
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provide a more proximate link to the modern selfists.
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but also advocated loyalty to a strong government and
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or selflessness; and has also been contrasted (as by
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228:, along with Adam Smith, was a key figure in early
816:. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.
338:. Later popularizers of similar positions include
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1131:Psychology as Religion: The Cult of Self-worship
293:Psychology as Religion: The Cult of Self-Worship
30:"Selfish" redirects here. For other uses, see
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931:. Hell's Kitchen Productions. Archived from
844:Ecology: Evolution, Application, Integration
751:Goodman Institute for Public Policy Research
210:With the emergence of a commercial society,
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981:"What is Selfish? | Psychology Today"
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106:. Yangists followed the teachings of
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486:(selfish and cooperative strategies)
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732:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
643:The Cambridge Companion to Foucault
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1355:Narcissistic Personality Inventory
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405:. This form of Satanism holds the
110:and might have been influenced by
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1291:Narcissistic personality disorder
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369:capitalists"), but Seabury was a
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747:"What Is Classical Liberalism?"
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287:The term "selfism" was used by
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814:The Person and the Common Good
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130:(but perhaps nominally Greek
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251:Roman Catholic philosopher
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812:Maritain, Jacques (1973).
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258:the good of the community
500:Human Potential Movement
220:with the concept of the
32:Selfish (disambiguation)
1284:Pathological narcissism
985:www.psychologytoday.com
510:Individualist anarchism
1124:The Art of Selfishness
955:Emotional Intelligence
196:in the form of pride.
1250:Collective narcissism
1229:Narcissus (mythology)
763:P. L. Nevins (2010).
684:(1970) pp. 81–83, 410
682:The Fable of the Bees
604:Selfishness – meaning
1308:Malignant narcissism
927:Nemo (27 Dec 2014).
540:Psychological egoism
478:Ethic of reciprocity
230:classical liberalism
184:Medieval/Renaissance
120:Aristippus of Cyrene
1234:Superiority complex
1055:A Theory of Justice
480:(the "Golden Rule")
152:Friedrich Nietzsche
1436:Philosophy of life
1431:Concepts in ethics
1209:Healthy narcissism
777:Rand, Ayn (1964).
590:2014-10-19 at the
212:Bernard Mandeville
1408:
1407:
1014:(1997) pp. 203–05
970:(1969) pp. 142–43
957:(1996) pp. 104–10
935:on 1 October 2014
908:Missing or empty
745:Goodman, John C.
632:(1976) pp. 301–03
619:(1988) pp. 116–17
555:Self-serving bias
390:The Satanic Bible
383:, founder of the
340:Nathaniel Branden
291:in his 1977 book
194:seven deadly sins
53:self-centeredness
16:(Redirected from
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1260:In the workplace
1219:Machiavellianism
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1204:God complex
1129:Paul Vitz.
1001:(1993) p. 8
783:. Penguin.
628:Aristotle,
525:Objectivism
484:Game theory
447:Criminology
399:Objectivism
381:Anton LaVey
363:secularists
336:Objectivism
321:Erich Fromm
277:competition
156:Max Stirner
144:materialist
49:C. S. Lewis
38:Selfishness
1421:Narcissism
1415:Categories
1348:withdrawal
1303:Dark triad
1265:Leadership
1243:In society
1180:Narcissism
1118:0451163931
1060:John Rawls
999:Narcissism
892:2023-11-10
669:The Essays
656:Purgatorio
572:References
515:Narcissism
490:Generosity
441:Anna Freud
427:psychopath
413:Psychology
360:capitalist
309:liberalism
303:-centered
226:John Locke
218:Adam Smith
870:0033-5770
799:123776818
713:ThoughtCo
585:"Selfish"
520:Nietzsche
371:Christian
289:Paul Vitz
242:socialism
167:Aristotle
162:Classical
116:Cyrenaics
65:religious
1402:Category
1328:neurosis
1194:Egomania
1110:Ayn Rand
901:cite web
588:Archived
495:Hedonism
456:See also
417:Lack of
395:Ayn Rand
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