1276:, specifies a means to encapsulate non-standard and lower-bitrate video formats within an HD-SDI interface. This standard allows, for example, several independent standard-definition video signals to be multiplexed onto an HD-SDI interface and transmitted down one wire. This standard doesn't merely adjust EAV and SAV timing to meet the requirements of the lower-bitrate formats; instead, it provides a means by which an entire SDI format (including synchronization words, ancillary data, and video payload) can be
1289:
141:
32:
858:
is only one datastream, the 0th sample is a Cb sample; the 1st sample a Y sample, the 2nd sample a Cr sample, and the third sample is the Y' sample; the pattern repeats from there. In HD interfaces, each datastream has its own sample numbering—so the 0th sample of the Y datastream is the Y sample, the next sample the Y' sample, etc. Likewise, the first sample in the C datastream is Cb, followed by Cr, followed by Cb again.
931:. Ancillary data is indicated by a 3-word packet consisting of 0, 3FF, 3FF (the opposite of the synchronization packet header), followed by a two-word identification code, a data count word (indicating 0–255 words of payload), the actual payload, and a one-word checksum. Other than in their use in the header, the codes prohibited to video payload are also prohibited to ancillary data payload.
981:) packet may be optionally placed in the vertical interval of the video signal. This packet includes CRC values for both the active picture, and the entire field (excluding those lines at which switching may occur, and which should contain no useful data); equipment can compute their own CRC and compare it with the received CRC in order to detect errors.
996:) packets are increasingly used to describe the video format. In early versions of the serial digital interface, it was always possible to uniquely determine the video format by counting the number of lines and samples between H and V transitions in the TRS. With the introduction of dual link interfaces, and
1187:
formats. Supported formats include 1080/60i, 1080/59.94i, 1080/50i, 1080/30p, 1080/29.97p, 1080/25p, 1080/24p, 1080/23.98p, 720/60p, 720/59.94p, and 720/50p. In addition, there are several 1035i formats (an obsolete
Japanese television standard), half-bandwidth 720p standards such as 720/24p (used in
1173:
are often (incorrectly) used to refer to these formats. (PAL is a composite color encoding scheme, and the term does not define the line-standard, though it is most usually encountered with 625i) while the serial digital interface— other than the obsolete 143 Mbit/s and 177 Mbit/s forms- is
627:
SMPTE 297-2006 defines an optical fiber system for transmitting bit-serial digital signals It is intended for transmitting SMPTE ST 259 signals (143 through 360 Mbit/s), SMPTE ST 344 signals (540 Mbit/s), SMPTE ST 292-1/-2 signals (1.485 Gbit/s and 1.485/1.001 Gbit/s) and SMPTE ST
865:)). Determination of line 1 is somewhat arbitrary; however, it is unambiguously specified by the relevant standards. In 525-line systems, the first line of vertical blank is line 1, whereas in other interlaced systems (625 and 1125-line), the first line after the F bit transitions to zero is line 1.
857:
Each sample within a given datastream is assigned a unique line and sample number. In all formats, the first sample immediately following the SAV packet is assigned sample number 0; the next sample is sample 1; all the way up to the XYZ word in the following SAV packet. In SD interfaces, where there
596:
applications, the serial digital interface is defined by SMPTE 292M. Two bit rates are defined, 1.485 Gbit/s, and 1.485/1.001 Gbit/s. The factor of 1/1.001 is provided to allow SMPTE 292M to support video formats with frame rates of 59.94 Hz, 29.97 Hz, and 23.98 Hz, in order
281:
signals (optionally including embedded audio and time code) within television facilities; they can also be used for packetized data. SDI is used to connect together different pieces of equipment such as recorders, monitors, PCs and vision mixers. Coaxial variants of the specification range in length
896:
In the case of 1080p60, 59.94, or 50 Hz video over a dual link; each link contains a valid 1080i signal at the same field rate. The first link contains the 1st, 3rd, and 5th lines of odd fields and the 2nd, 4th, 6th, etc. lines of even fields, and the second link contains the even lines on the
609:
interface. As the name suggests, this interface consists of two SMPTE 292M interconnects operating in parallel. In particular, the dual link interface supports 10-bit, 4:2:2, 1080P formats at frame rates of 60 Hz, 59.94 Hz, and 50 Hz, as well as 12-bit color depth, RGB encoding, and
1256:
The asynchronous serial interface (ASI) specification describes how to transport a MPEG Transport Stream (MPEG-TS), containing multiple MPEG video streams, over 75-ohm copper coaxial cable or multi-mode optical fiber. ASI is popular way to transport broadcast programs from the studio to the final
868:
Note that lines are deemed to start at EAV, whereas sample zero is the sample following SAV. This produces the somewhat confusing result that the first sample in a given line of 1080i video is sample number 1920 (the first EAV sample in that format), and the line ends at the following sample 1919
617:
A nominal 3 Gbit/s interface (more accurately, 2.97 Gbit/s, but commonly referred to as "3 gig") was standardized by SMPTE as 424M in 2006. Revised in 2012 as SMPTE ST 424:2012, it supports all of the features supported by the dual 1.485 Gbit/s interface but requires only one cable
779:
occur simultaneously in both the Y and C datastreams. (Some delay between the two cables in a dual link interface is permissible; equipment which supports dual link is expected to buffer the leading link in order to allow the other link to catch up). In SD-SDI and enhanced definition interfaces,
1134:
For portions of the vertical and horizontal blanking regions which are not used for ancillary data, it is recommended that the luma samples be assigned the code word 64 (40 hex), and the chroma samples be assigned 512 (200 hex); both of which correspond to 0 mV. It is permissible to encode
946:
Both the HD and SD serial interfaces provide for 16 channels of embedded audio. The two interfaces use different audio encapsulation methods — SD uses the SMPTE 272M standard, whereas HD uses the SMPTE 299M standard. In either case, an SDI signal may contain up to sixteen audio channels (8
1139:
or vertical interval test signals) without breaking the interface, but such usage is nonstandard (and ancillary data is the preferred means for transmitting metadata). Conversion of analog sync and burst signals into digital, however, is not recommended—and neither is necessary in the digital
695:
format. The luminance channel (Y) is encoded at full bandwidth (13.5 MHz in 270 Mbit/s SD, ~75 MHz in HD), and the two chrominance channels (Cb and Cr) are subsampled horizontally and encoded at half bandwidth (6.75 MHz or 37.5 MHz). The Y, Cr, and Cb samples are
282:
but are typically less than 300 meters (980 ft). Fiber optic variants of the specification such as 297M allow for long-distance transmission limited only by maximum fiber length or repeaters. SDI and HD-SDI are usually available only in professional video equipment because various
1008:
The active portion of the video signal is defined to be those samples which follow an SAV packet and precede the next EAV packet; where the corresponding EAV and SAV packets have the V bit set to zero. It is in the active portion that the actual image information is stored.
937:
In dual link applications, ancillary data is mostly found on the primary link; the secondary link is to be used for ancillary data only if there is no room on the primary link. One exception to this rule is the VPID packet; both links must have a valid VPID packet present.
1367:
standard is another high-speed digital interface, originally design for industrial camera interfaces. The data rates for CoaXPress go up to 12.5 Gbit/s over a single coaxial cable. A 41 Mbit/s uplink channel and power over coax are also included in the standard.
1238:
and others) video streams to be transported over an SDI line. This allows for multiple video streams in one cable or faster-than-realtime (2x, 4x,...) video transmission. A related standard, known as HD-SDTI, provides similar capability over an SMPTE 292M interface.
771:
region). The synchronization packet consists of four 10-bit words, the first three words are always the same—0x3FF, 0, 0; the fourth consists of 3 flag bits, along with an error correcting code. As a result, there are 8 different synchronization packets possible.
833:
In the high definition serial digital interface (and in dual-link HD), additional check words are provided to increase the robustness of the interface. In these formats, the four samples immediately following the EAV packets (but not the SAV packets) contain a
601:
systems. The 1.485 Gbit/s version of the standard supports other frame rates in widespread use, including 60 Hz, 50 Hz, 30 Hz, 25 Hz, and 24 Hz. It is common to collectively refer to both standards as using a nominal bit rate of
893:(in 12-bit formats), non-cosited samples in 4:4:4 sampled video (so that the primary link is still valid 4:2:2), and alpha or data channels. If the second link of a 1080P dual link configuration is absent, the first link still contains a valid 1080i signal.
628:
424 signals (2.970 Gbit/s and 2.970/1.001 Gbit/s). In addition to optical specification, ST 297 also mandates laser safety testing and that all optical interfaces are labelled to indicate safety compliance, application and interoperability.
715:
for more information. This section only discusses the native color encoding of SDI; other color encodings are possible by treating the interface as a generic 10-bit data channel. The use of other colorimetry encodings, and the conversion to and from
1114:
4:2:2 YCbCr, 4:4:4 YCbCr, and 4:4:4 RGB, with 12 bits of color information per sample, rather than 10. Note that the interface itself is still 10 bit; the additional 2 bits per channel are multiplexed into an additional 10-bit channel on the second
869:(the last active sample in that format). Note that this behavior differs somewhat from analog video interfaces, where the line transition is deemed to occur at the sync pulse, which occurs roughly halfway through the horizontal blanking region.
326:. This is the same type of cable used in analog video setups, which potentially makes for easier upgrades (though higher quality cables may be necessary for long runs at the higher bitrates). The specified signal amplitude at the source is 800
1195:
The 2.97 Gbit/s dual link HD interface supports 1080/60p, 1080/59.94p, and 1080/50p, as well as 4:4:4 encoding, greater color depth, RGB encoding, alpha channels, and nonstandard resolutions (often encountered in computer graphics or
338:
at the receiver, it is possible to send 270 Mbit/s SDI over 300 meters (980 ft) without use of repeaters, but shorter lengths are preferred. The HD bitrates have a shorter maximum run length, typically 100 meters (330 ft).
888:
Note that the data layout in dual link is designed so that the primary link can be fed into a single-link interface, and still produce usable (though somewhat degraded) video. The secondary link generally contains things like additional
569:
applications, as defined by SMPTE 259M, the possible bit rates are 270 Mbit/s, 360 Mbit/s, 143 Mbit/s, and 177 Mbit/s. 270 Mbit/s is by far the most commonly used; though the 360 Mbit/s interface (used for
362:
pattern, which appears on the (unscrambled) serial digital signal to be a sequence of ten ones followed by twenty zeroes (twenty ones followed by forty zeroes in HD); this bit pattern is not legal anywhere else within the data payload.
787:) are known as H, F, and V. The H bit indicates the start of horizontal blank; and synchronization bits immediately preceding the horizontal blanking region must have H set to one. Such packets are commonly referred to as
1143:
Different picture formats have different requirements for digital blanking, for example all so called 1080 line HD formats have 1080 active lines, but 1125 total lines, with the remainder being vertical blanking.
1040:
identical. The minimum and maximum of these ranges represent the preferred signal limits, though the video payload may venture outside these ranges (providing that the reserved code words of 0–3 and 1020–1023 are
1156:
The 270 Mbit/s interface supports 525-line, interlaced video at a 59.94 Hz field rate (29.97 Hz frame rate), and 625-line, 50 Hz interlaced video. These formats are highly compatible with
1188:
some film conversion applications, and unusual because it has an odd number of samples per line), and various 1080psf (progressive, segmented frame) formats. Progressive
Segmented frames formats appear as
780:
there is only one datastream, and thus only one synchronization packet at a time. Other than the issue of how many packets appear, their format is the same in all versions of the serial-digital interface.
358:
the data to reduce the likelihood that long strings of zeroes or ones will be present on the interface. The interface is self-synchronizing and self-clocking. Framing is done by detection of a special
1192:
but contain video which is progressively scanned. This is done to support analog monitors and televisions, many of which are incapable of locking to low field rates such as 30 Hz and 24 Hz.
1087:
and now largely considered obsolete), used a colorimetry matrix specified by SMPTE 240M. This colorimetry is nowadays rarely used, as the 1035-line formats have been superseded by 1080-line formats.
1119:
If an RGB encoding is used, the three primaries are all encoded in the same fashion as the Y channel; a value of 64 (40 hex) corresponds to 0 mV, and 940 (3AC hex) corresponds to 700 mV.
955:
digital audio interface. These are placed in the (horizontal) blanking periods, when the SDI signal carries nothing useful, since the receiver generates its own blanking signals from the TRS.
1032:
For the chroma channels, 0 mV is assigned the code word 512 (200 hex), −350 mV is assigned a code word of 64 (40 hex), and +350 mV is assigned a code word of 960 (3C0 hex).
589:
applications (mainly 525P), there are several 540 Mbit/s interfaces defined, as well as an interface standard for a dual-link 270 Mbit/s interface. These are rarely encountered.
1212:
In addition to the regular serial digital interface described here, there are several other similar interfaces which are similar to, or are contained within, a serial digital interface.
806:
Likewise, the V bit is used to indicate the start of the vertical blanking region; an EAV packet with V=1 indicates the following line (lines are deemed to start at EAV) is part of the
643:
In SD and ED applications, the serial data format is defined to 10 bits wide, whereas in HD applications, it is 20 bits wide, divided into two parallel 10-bit datastreams (known as
1029:
The luma (Y) channel is defined such that a signal level of 0 mV is assigned the codeword 64 (40 hex), and 700 millivolts (full scale) is assigned the codeword 940 (3AC hex) .
919:
standard for ancillary data. Ancillary data is provided as a standardized transport for non-video payload within a serial digital signal; it is used for things such as embedded
605:
For very high-definition applications, requiring greater resolution, frame rate, or color fidelity than the HD-SDI interface can provide, the SMPTE 372M standard defines the
1000:
standards, this is no longer possible; thus the VPID standard (defined by SMPTE 352M) provides a way to uniquely and unambiguously identify the format of the video payload.
838:
field, and a line count indicator. The CRC field provides a CRC of the preceding line (CRCs are computed independently for the Y and C streams) and can be used to detect
1355:
standard embodies the adaptation of SDI for video surveillance applications, not to be confused with TDI, a similar but different format for video surveillance cameras.
286:
agreements restrict the use of unencrypted digital interfaces, such as SDI, prohibiting their use in consumer equipment. Several professional video and HD-video capable
1388:
993:
1794:
1017:
Several color encodings are possible in the serial digital interface. The default (and most common case) is 10-bit linearly sampled video data encoded as 4:2:2
885:) link in a dual-link system is link 2. The link number of a given interface is indicated by a VPID packet located in the vertical ancillary data space.
897:
odd fields, and the odd lines on the even fields. When the two links are combined, the result is a progressive-scan picture at the higher frame rate.
997:
1025:
colorspace). Samples of video are stored as described above. Data words correspond to signal levels of the respective video components, as follows:
947:
pairs) embedded 48 kHz, 24-bit audio channels along with the video. Typically, 48 kHz, 24-bit (20-bit in SD, but extendable to 24 bit)
861:
Lines are numbered sequentially, starting from 1, up to the number of lines per frame of the indicated format (typically 525, 625, 750, or 1125 (
984:
EDH is typically only used with the standard definition interface; the presence of CRC words in the HD interface make EDH packets unnecessary.
767:) occurs immediately before the first active sample on every line, and immediately after the last active sample (and before the start of the
1608:
1787:
574:
standard definition) is sometimes encountered. The 143 and 177 Mbit/s interfaces were intended for transmission of composite-encoded (
1327:
device. It is mainly used in the consumer area, but increasingly used in professional devices including uncompressed video, often called
96:
68:
49:
2221:
1470:
1780:
1733:
SMPTE 274M-2005: Image Sample
Structure, Digital Representation and Digital Timing Reference Sequences for Multiple Picture Rates
2141:
1177:
The 360 Mbit/s interface supports 525i and 625i widescreen. It can also be used to support 525p, if 4:2:0 sampling is used.
75:
1122:
12-bit applications are scaled in a similar fashion to their 10-bit counterparts; the additional two bits are considered to be
1080:
2251:
1565:
1530:
1444:
1398:
1678:
845:
The CRC and line counts are not provided in the SD and ED interfaces. Instead, a special ancillary data packet known as an
700:(acquired at the same instance in time), and the Y' sample is acquired at the time halfway between two adjacent Y samples.
743:) are reserved and may not appear anywhere in the payload. These reserved words have two purposes; they are used both for
82:
2491:
2476:
1045:
used for video payload). In addition, the corresponding analog signal may have excursions further outside of this range.
1806:
961:
SMPTE ST 299-2:2010 extends the 3G SDI interface to be able to transmit 32 audio channels (16 pairs) on a single link.
635:; this is obsolete (however, many clauses in the various standards accommodate the possibility of an 8-bit interface).
2461:
1454:
795:
packets. Likewise, the packet appearing immediately before the start of the active video has H set to 0; this is the
115:
64:
19:
This article is about the serial digital interface used in professional video. For serial interfaces in general, see
1426:
1096:
The dual-link and 3 Gbit/s interfaces additionally support other color encodings besides 4:2:2 YCbCr, namely:
1644:
2506:
2486:
2136:
1989:
1985:
1221:
1707:
2496:
2481:
2466:
2300:
586:
351:
53:
2271:
2100:
1251:
881:
link) is assigned a link number of 1, subsequent links are assigned increasing link numbers; so, the second (
688:
For all serial digital interfaces (excluding the obsolete composite encodings), the native color encoding is
335:
2343:
2044:
1814:
978:
1483:
2241:
1767:
818:
1515:
ST 2081-10:2015 – 2160-Line and 1080-Line Source Image and
Ancillary Data Mapping for Single-Link 6G-SDI
2079:
1867:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1261:
1136:
727:
Video payload (as well as ancillary data payload) may use any 10-bit word in the range 4 to 1,019 (004
89:
2054:
1471:"AJA Introduces Hi5-3D Mini-Converter For Stereo 3D Monitoring by Scott Gentry – ProVideo Coalition"
958:
In dual-link applications, 32 channels of audio are available, as each link may carry 16 channels.
1619:
2373:
2246:
1242:
The SDTI interface is specified by SMPTE 305M. The HD-SDTI interface is specified by SMPTE 348M.
835:
42:
2295:
2261:
2256:
2216:
2069:
2009:
2501:
2471:
2430:
2167:
1184:
1123:
948:
890:
689:
611:
266:) consists of a single 2.970 Gbit/s serial link that allows replacing dual link HD-SDI.
231:
227:
192:
258:
or HDTV 1080P) that require greater fidelity and resolution than standard HDTV can provide.
2409:
2394:
2305:
2157:
2131:
2039:
821:
formats to indicate whether the line comes from the first or second field (or segment). In
254:
in 1998; this provides a nominal 2.970 Gbit/s interface used in applications (such as
20:
306:
and other devices, which allow a user to add a serial digital interface to these devices.
8:
2348:
2310:
2211:
2171:
1312:
566:
1772:
1072:
Most HD, dual link, and 3 Gbit/s applications use a different matrix, specified in
2236:
2186:
1320:
1308:
1304:
278:
226:
Additional SDI standards have been introduced to support increasing video resolutions (
1917:
842:
in the interface. The line count field indicates the line number of the current line.
711:
samples. Cr and Cb further refer to the red and blue "color difference" channels; see
2363:
2320:
2181:
2176:
1803:
1561:
1526:
1450:
1394:
1343:
standard is another high-speed digital interface, originally designed for telephony.
1231:
1152:
The various versions of the serial digital interface support numerous video formats:
1105:
810:, an EAV packet with V=0 indicates the following line is part of the active picture.
807:
934:
Specific applications of ancillary data include embedded audio, EDH, VPID and SDTI.
2290:
2231:
2074:
2024:
1553:
1518:
1189:
822:
814:
768:
1497:
Signalling and
Transport of HDR and Wide Colour Gamut Video over 3G-SDI Interfaces
2389:
2281:
2206:
2162:
2029:
1762:
1581:
1557:
1522:
1316:
924:
712:
359:
343:
330:(±10%) peak-to-peak; far lower voltages may be measured at the receiver owing to
235:
208:
1768:
HDcctv
Alliance (Security organization supporting SDI for security surveillance)
2368:
2196:
2110:
1999:
1550:
ST 2082-10:2015 - 2160-line Source Image and
Ancillary Data Mapping for 12G-SDI
1197:
970:
906:
255:
199:(The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) in 1989. For example,
877:
Link numbering is only an issue in multi-link interfaces. The first link (the
2455:
2084:
2034:
1913:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1861:
1841:
1324:
319:
315:
189:
146:
1739:
SMPTE 292M-1998: Bit-Serial
Digital Interface for High Definition Television
1645:"Transport of alternate source formats through Recommendation ITU-R BT.1120"
1495:
2435:
2226:
2115:
2049:
2019:
1944:
212:
200:
1274:
SMPTE 349M: Transport of
Alternate Source Image Formats through SMPTE 292M
2404:
2399:
2338:
2064:
2004:
1994:
1058:
708:
331:
243:
1751:
SMPTE 372M-2002: Dual Link 292M Interface for 1920 x 1080 Picture Raster
1288:
969:
As the standard definition interface carries no checksum, CRC, or other
2333:
2266:
2201:
2014:
1484:
http://pro.jvc.com/pro/attributes/HDTV/manual/IF_2D3D1MANUAL_061810.pdf
1328:
1065:
SD and ED applications typically use a colorimetry matrix specified in
916:
912:
571:
479:
457:
435:
413:
391:
323:
303:
295:
263:
251:
220:
204:
140:
2440:
2425:
2358:
2353:
2328:
1364:
1180:
The various 540 Mbit/s interfaces support 525p and 625p formats.
862:
839:
704:
355:
314:
The various serial digital interface standards all use (one or more)
283:
1203:
A quad link interface of 3G-SDI supports UHDTV-1 resolution 2160/60p
290:
cameras and all uncompressed video capable consumer cameras use the
31:
2191:
2059:
1909:
1708:"3Gb/s SDI for Transport of 1080p50/60, 3D, UHDTV1 / 4k and Beyond"
1427:"3Gb/s SDI for Transport of 1080p50/60, 3D, UHDTV1 / 4k and Beyond"
1073:
1066:
928:
632:
239:
1257:
transmission equipment before it reaches viewers sitting at home.
1964:
299:
1609:"Recommended Transmission Distance at Serial Digital Data Rates"
775:
In the HD-SDI and dual link interfaces, synchronization packets
1939:
1352:
1280:
and transmitted as ordinary data payload within a 292M stream.
1057:
colorspace, a means of converting is required. There are three
783:
The flags bits found in the fourth word (commonly known as the
1442:
1303:
interface is a compact audio/video interface for transferring
2105:
1969:
1959:
1954:
1340:
1084:
1022:
1018:
920:
692:
196:
172:
1934:
1745:
SMPTE 291M-1998: Ancillary Data Packet and Space
Formatting
1300:
1292:
1235:
1158:
1129:
952:
849:
may be optionally used to provide a CRC check on the data.
598:
593:
575:
561:
Several bit rates are used in serial digital video signal:
347:
327:
291:
287:
951:
audio is stored, in a manner directly compatible with the
223:; this provides a nominal data rate of 1.485 Gbit/s.
1949:
1802:
1162:
1054:
1036:
Note that the scaling of the luma and chroma channels is
717:
579:
1083:
HD standards specified by SMPTE 260M (primarily used in
250:
consists of a pair of SMPTE 292M links, standardized by
175:(The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers)
1544:
1542:
1509:
1507:
1111:
4:4:4 RGB, also with an optional alpha or data channel
1183:
The nominal 1.49 Gbit/s interfaces support most
1749:
Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers:
1743:
Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers:
1737:
Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers:
1731:
Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers:
1583:
Advice on the use of 3 Gbit/s HD-SDI interfaces
1539:
1504:
1311:data from an HDMI-compliant device to a compatible
663:whereas the HD datastreams are arranged like this:
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1386:
631:An 8-bit parallel digital interface is defined by
582:) video digitally and are now considered obsolete.
1679:"March 2014 Standards Quarterly Report (page 28)"
1665:
2453:
1226:There is an expanded specification called SDTI (
759:A synchronization packet (commonly known as the
735:) inclusive; the values 0–3 and 1,020–1,023 (3FC
1165:-B/G/D/K/I systems respectively; and the terms
1053:As YPbPr (and YCbCr) are both derived from the
1135:analog vertical interval information (such as
1108:) or data (used for non-video payload) channel
1788:
1003:
277:These standards are used for transmission of
1021:. (YCbCr is a digital representation of the
852:
744:
651:). The SD datastream is arranged like this:
346:signals are transmitted. Data is encoded in
274:standards were published on March 19, 2015.
1424:
215:-grade video. A related standard, known as
1795:
1781:
1147:
825:formats, the F bit is always set to zero.
754:
139:
1307:data and compressed/uncompressed digital
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
2222:Output power of an analog TV transmitter
1420:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1287:
1130:Vertical and horizontal blanking regions
1100:4:2:2 and 4:4:4 YCbCr, with an optional
1091:
217:high-definition serial digital interface
1500:. May 23, 2020 – via tech.ebu.ch.
1443:Francis Rumsey, John Watkinson (2004).
828:
309:
279:uncompressed, unencrypted digital video
2454:
1382:
1380:
2252:Direct-broadcast satellite television
1776:
1705:
1652:International Telecommunication Union
1589:. European Broadcasting Un. July 2011
1407:
1207:
54:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
2142:Vestigial sideband modulation (VSB)
1377:
1061:typically used with digital video:
748:
721:
622:
13:
16:Family of digital video interfaces
14:
2518:
1756:
1230:), which allows compressed (i.e.
1012:
941:
900:
872:
322:, with a nominal impedance of 75
1260:The ASI standard is part of the
1104:(used for linear keying, a.k.a.
30:
2137:Quadrature amplitude modulation
1699:
1671:
1637:
1601:
1228:Serial Data Transport Interface
1222:Serial Data Transport Interface
927:, timecode, and other sorts of
597:to be compatible with existing
41:needs additional citations for
2301:Television channel frequencies
1725:
1574:
1488:
1477:
1463:
1436:
1048:
638:
352:linear feedback shift register
145:Serial digital interface uses
1:
2272:Digital television transition
2101:Multichannel television sound
1371:
1267:
1252:Asynchronous serial interface
219:(HD-SDI), is standardized in
2344:Field strength in free space
2045:Horizontal blanking interval
1558:10.5594/SMPTE.ST2082-10.2015
1523:10.5594/SMPTE.ST2081-10.2015
1358:
979:Error Detection and Handling
556:
366:
7:
2242:Superheterodyne transmitter
1387:Charles A. Poynton (2003).
10:
2523:
2492:High-definition television
2477:Digital display connectors
2080:Vertical blanking interval
1720:
1446:Digital interface handbook
1262:Digital Video Broadcasting
1249:
1219:
1137:vertical interval timecode
1004:Video payload and blanking
915:, SMPTE 292M supports the
904:
703:In the above, Y refers to
65:"Serial digital interface"
18:
2418:
2382:
2319:
2280:
2150:
2124:
2093:
2055:Nominal analogue blanking
1978:
1927:
1813:
1346:
853:Line and sample numbering
720:colorspace, is discussed
168:
153:
138:
133:
2462:Serial digital interface
1449:. Taylor & Francis.
1334:
994:video payload identifier
294:interface, often called
182:Serial digital interface
134:Serial digital interface
2374:Television interference
2247:Television receive-only
1283:
1215:
1148:Supported video formats
987:
836:cyclic redundancy check
761:timing reference signal
755:Synchronization packets
745:Synchronization packets
682:Cb Cr Cb Cr Cb Cr Cb Cr
240:stereoscopic (3D) video
2507:Television terminology
2487:Audiovisual connectors
2296:Microwave transmission
2262:Terrestrial television
2257:Television transmitter
2217:Intermediate frequency
2010:Chrominance subcarrier
1390:Digital Video and HDTV
1296:
1245:
964:
386:Example video formats
195:first standardized by
2497:Broadcast engineering
2482:Television technology
2467:ITU-R recommendations
2168:Broadcast transmitter
1291:
1185:high-definition video
1174:a component standard.
1092:Other color encodings
813:The F bit is used in
797:Start of Active Video
657:Cb Y Cr Y' Cb Y Cr Y'
342:Uncompressed digital
2410:Zero reference pulse
2395:Field strength meter
2132:Frequency modulation
2040:Horizontal scan rate
1552:. IEEE. 2015-03-19.
1517:. IEEE. 2015-03-19.
1473:. 10 September 2010.
1425:John Hudson (2013).
829:Line counter and CRC
493:2970 and 2970/1.001
471:2970 and 2970/1.001
449:1485 and 1485/1.001
310:Electrical interface
298:. There are various
50:improve this article
21:serial communication
2349:Noise (electronics)
2212:Intercarrier method
2172:Transmitter station
1807:broadcasting topics
1393:. Morgan Kaufmann.
789:End of Active Video
769:horizontal blanking
672:Y Y' Y Y' Y Y' Y Y'
587:enhanced definition
567:standard-definition
405:270, 360, 143, 177
130:
2237:Split sound system
2187:Differential phase
1763:Standards of SMPTE
1321:digital television
1305:uncompressed video
1297:
1208:Related interfaces
707:samples, and C to
550:2160p120, 4320p30
516:1080p120, 2160p30
383:Bitrates (Mbit/s)
128:
2449:
2448:
2364:Radiation pattern
2182:Differential gain
1804:Analog television
1567:978-1-61482-860-0
1532:978-1-61482-857-0
1400:978-1-55860-792-7
1106:alpha compositing
808:vertical interval
554:
553:
462:Dual Link HD-SDI
262:(standardized in
188:) is a family of
179:
178:
126:
125:
118:
100:
2514:
2291:Frequency offset
2232:Residual carrier
2177:Cavity amplifier
2075:Television lines
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1630:
1624:
1618:. Archived from
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1384:
1313:computer monitor
1295:to SDI converter
1264:(DVB) standard.
823:progressive scan
683:
673:
658:
623:Other interfaces
618:rather than two.
614:colour sampling.
602:1.5 Gbit/s.
512:
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248:Dual link HD-SDI
209:video interfaces
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2390:Distortionmeter
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2163:Antenna (radio)
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2030:Composite video
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1190:interlace video
1150:
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998:segmented-frame
990:
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944:
925:closed captions
909:
903:
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757:
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713:Component video
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2197:Dipole antenna
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2111:Sound-in-Syncs
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2000:Blanking level
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1757:External links
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1754:
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1727:
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1719:
1717:
1716:
1706:SMPTE (2013).
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1250:Main article:
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1198:digital cinema
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1081:1035-line MUSE
1077:
1074:ITU-R Rec. 709
1070:
1067:ITU-R Rec. 601
1050:
1047:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1014:
1013:Color encoding
1011:
1005:
1002:
989:
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971:data integrity
966:
963:
943:
942:Embedded audio
940:
907:Ancillary data
905:Main article:
902:
901:Ancillary data
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873:Link numbering
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749:Ancillary data
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633:ITU-R Rec. 601
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538:SMPTE ST 2083
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521:SMPTE ST 2082
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501:SMPTE ST 2081
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320:BNC connectors
316:coaxial cables
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256:digital cinema
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147:BNC connectors
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106:September 2008
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2035:Frame (video)
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1625:on 2015-02-26
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67: –
66:
62:
61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
2502:Video signal
2472:Serial buses
2436:Hanover bars
2227:Pre-emphasis
2151:Transmission
2116:Zweikanalton
2020:Color killer
1945:Clear-Vision
1750:
1744:
1738:
1732:
1701:
1691:19 September
1689:. Retrieved
1685:
1673:
1667:
1657:February 27,
1655:. Retrieved
1651:
1639:
1627:. Retrieved
1620:the original
1615:
1603:
1591:. Retrieved
1582:
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1514:
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1490:
1479:
1465:
1445:
1438:
1389:
1362:
1350:
1338:
1298:
1278:encapsulated
1277:
1273:
1271:
1259:
1255:
1241:
1227:
1225:
1211:
1170:
1166:
1151:
1142:
1133:
1121:
1118:
1101:
1095:
1052:
1042:
1037:
1035:
1016:
1007:
991:
983:
974:
968:
960:
957:
945:
936:
933:
910:
895:
887:
882:
878:
876:
867:
860:
856:
846:
844:
832:
812:
805:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
782:
776:
774:
764:
760:
758:
726:
702:
697:
687:
680:
670:
662:
655:
648:
644:
642:
630:
626:
606:
560:
452:720p, 1080i
341:
336:equalization
313:
276:
271:
267:
259:
247:
225:
216:
201:ITU-R BT.656
185:
181:
180:
169:Organization
154:Year started
112:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
2405:VIT signals
2400:Vectorscope
2339:Earth bulge
2321:Propagation
2284:& bands
2282:Frequencies
2065:Raster scan
2005:Chrominance
1995:Black level
1990:front porch
1140:interface.
1049:Colorimetry
709:chrominance
639:Data format
430:480p, 576p
408:480i, 576i
380:Introduced
354:is used to
332:attenuation
304:DVD players
244:color depth
236:frame rates
2456:Categories
2334:Distortion
2267:Transposer
2202:Dummy load
2158:Amplifiers
2125:Modulation
2015:Colorburst
1986:Back porch
1372:References
1329:clean HDMI
1268:SMPTE 349M
973:check, an
917:SMPTE 291M
913:SMPTE 259M
847:EDH packet
840:bit errors
815:interlaced
572:widescreen
480:SMPTE 424M
458:SMPTE 372M
436:SMPTE 292M
414:SMPTE 344M
392:SMPTE 259M
296:clean HDMI
264:SMPTE 424M
252:SMPTE 372M
221:SMPTE 292M
205:SMPTE 259M
193:interfaces
76:newspapers
2441:Sparklies
2426:Dot crawl
2419:Artifacts
2359:Path loss
2354:Null fill
2329:Beam tilt
2070:Safe area
1726:Standards
1365:CoaXPress
1359:CoaXPress
992:VPID (or
883:secondary
863:Sony HDVS
751:headers.
705:luminance
607:dual link
557:Bit rates
374:Standard
367:Standards
344:component
284:licensing
213:broadcast
211:used for
2431:Ghosting
2192:Diplexer
2060:Overscan
2025:Color TV
1918:System F
1914:System E
1910:819-line
1904:System N
1900:System L
1896:System K
1892:System I
1888:System H
1884:System G
1880:System D
1876:System C
1872:System B
1868:625-line
1862:System M
1858:525-line
1853:455-line
1848:441-line
1842:System A
1838:405-line
1833:375-line
1828:343-line
1823:180-line
929:metadata
803:packet.
785:XYZ word
747:and for
698:co-sited
541:24G-SDI
533:2160p60
524:12G-SDI
496:1080p60
474:1080p60
356:scramble
334:. Using
300:mod kits
2383:Testing
1965:PALplus
1815:Systems
1721:Sources
1629:20 July
1593:20 July
879:primary
504:6G-SDI
484:3G-SDI
440:HD-SDI
418:ED-SDI
396:SD-SDI
272:12G-SDI
159: (
90:scholar
1940:NTSC-J
1616:Belden
1564:
1529:
1453:
1397:
1353:HDcctv
1347:HDcctv
731:to 3FB
547:24000
530:12000
268:6G-SDI
260:3G-SDI
242:, and
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
2106:NICAM
2094:Sound
1979:Video
1970:SECAM
1960:PAL-S
1955:PAL-M
1711:(PDF)
1686:SMPTE
1682:(PDF)
1648:(PDF)
1623:(PDF)
1612:(PDF)
1587:(PDF)
1430:(PDF)
1341:G.703
1335:G.703
1323:, or
1309:audio
1115:link.
1102:alpha
1085:Japan
1043:never
1023:YPbPr
1019:YCbCr
921:audio
911:Like
791:, or
722:below
693:YCbCr
690:4:2:2
612:4:4:4
544:2020
527:2015
513:6000
507:2015
487:2006
465:2002
443:1998
421:2000
399:1989
377:Name
318:with
197:SMPTE
173:SMPTE
97:JSTOR
83:books
2369:Skew
2050:Luma
1988:and
1935:NTSC
1693:2014
1659:2019
1631:2015
1595:2015
1562:ISBN
1527:ISBN
1451:ISBN
1395:ISBN
1363:The
1351:The
1339:The
1301:HDMI
1299:The
1293:HDMI
1284:HDMI
1236:MPEG
1216:SDTI
1169:and
1167:NTSC
1161:and
1159:NTSC
1124:LSBs
1079:The
988:VPID
953:AES3
891:LSBs
817:and
777:must
739:–3FF
647:and
599:NTSC
594:HDTV
592:For
585:For
576:NTSC
565:For
427:540
348:NRZI
324:ohms
292:HDMI
288:DSLR
270:and
203:and
161:1989
157:1989
69:news
2311:VHF
2306:UHF
1950:PAL
1554:doi
1519:doi
1246:ASI
1171:PAL
1163:PAL
1055:RGB
1038:not
975:EDH
965:EDH
949:PCM
801:SAV
799:or
793:EAV
765:TRS
763:or
718:RGB
580:PAL
578:or
232:UHD
186:SDI
129:SDI
52:by
2458::
1916:,
1902:,
1898:,
1894:,
1890:,
1886:,
1882:,
1878:,
1874:,
1684:.
1650:.
1614:.
1560:.
1541:^
1525:.
1506:^
1409:^
1379:^
1331:.
1319:,
1315:,
1234:,
1232:DV
1200:).
1126:.
923:,
741:16
737:16
733:16
729:16
724:.
425:00
403:00
328:mV
246:.
238:,
230:,
228:HD
2170:/
1920:)
1912:(
1906:)
1870:(
1864:)
1860:(
1844:)
1840:(
1796:e
1789:t
1782:v
1713:.
1695:.
1661:.
1633:.
1597:.
1570:.
1556::
1535:.
1521::
1459:.
1432:.
1403:.
1076:.
1069:.
977:(
677:C
667:Y
649:C
645:Y
511:0
491:0
469:0
447:0
184:(
163:)
119:)
113:(
108:)
104:(
94:·
87:·
80:·
73:·
46:.
23:.
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