Slavery - Knowledge

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slaves occurred during a famine following the revolt of the Nayaka Indian rulers of South India (Tanjavur, Senji, and Madurai) against Bijapur overlordship (1645) and the subsequent devastation of the Tanjavur countryside by the Bijapur army. Reportedly, more than 150,000 people were taken by the invading Deccani Muslim armies to Bijapur and Golconda. In 1646, 2,118 slaves were exported to Batavia, the overwhelming majority from southern Coromandel. Some slaves were also acquired further south at Tondi, Adirampatnam, and Kayalpatnam. Another increase in slaving took place between 1659 and 1661 from Tanjavur as a result of a series of successive Bijapuri raids. At Nagapatnam, Pulicat, and elsewhere, the company purchased 8,000–10,000 slaves, the bulk of whom were sent to Ceylon, while a small portion were exported to Batavia and Malacca. Finally, following a long drought in Madurai and southern Coromandel, in 1673, which intensified the prolonged Madurai-Maratha struggle over Tanjavur and punitive fiscal practices, thousands of people from Tanjavur, mostly children, were sold into slavery and exported by Asian traders from Nagapattinam to Aceh, Johor, and other slave markets.

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relying on peak years to calculate averages for entire centuries, or millennia. Hence, there were wide fluctuations year-to-year, particularly in the 18th and 19th centuries, given slave imports, and also given the fact that, prior to the 1840s, there are no consistent records. Middle East expert, John Wright, cautions that modern estimates are based on back-calculations from human observation. Such observations, across the late 16th and early 17th century observers, account for around 35,000 European Christian slaves held throughout this period on the Barbary Coast, across Tripoli, Tunis, but mostly in Algiers. The majority were sailors (particularly those who were English), taken with their ships, but others were fishermen and coastal villagers. However, most of these captives were people from lands close to Africa, particularly Spain and Italy. This eventually led to the

6572: 6310: 3635: 7230: 2637:, the profits generated worldwide by all forms of slavery in 2007 were $ 91.2 billion. That was second only to drug trafficking, in terms of global criminal enterprises. At the time the weighted average global sales price of a slave was estimated to be approximately $ 340, with a high of $ 1,895 for the average trafficked sex slave, and a low of $ 40 to $ 50 for debt bondage slaves in part of Asia and Africa. The weighted average annual profits generated by a slave in 2007 was $ 3,175, with a low of an average $ 950 for bonded labour and $ 29,210 for a trafficked sex slave. Approximately 40% of slave profits each year were generated by trafficked sex slaves, representing slightly more than 4% of the world's 29 million slaves. 11962:"The earlier forms of servitude were varied, complex, and very often of a different sociological category than those which were prevalent after the 14th century. While all forms of servitude are certainly unacceptable to most people today, this has not always been the case. Formerly, the rules of war and society were such that servitude was often imposed as a penalty on criminals and prisoners of war, and was even freely chosen by many workers for economic reasons. Children born of those held in servitude were also at times considered to be in the same state as that of their parents. These types of servitude were the most common among those generally considered to establish the so-called 'just titles' of servitude." 3844:. France received the western third and subsequently named it Saint-Domingue. To develop it into sugarcane plantations, the French imported thousands of slaves from Africa. Sugar was a lucrative commodity crop throughout the 18th century. By 1789, approximately 40,000 white colonists lived in Saint-Domingue. The whites were vastly outnumbered by the tens of thousands of African slaves they had imported to work on their plantations, which were primarily devoted to the production of sugarcane. In the north of the island, slaves were able to retain many ties to African cultures, religion and language; these ties were continually being renewed by newly imported Africans. Blacks outnumbered whites by about ten to one. 4025:, who escaped to freedom, reported that on one plantation, slave men were required to pick 80 pounds (36 kg) of cotton per day, while women were required to pick 70 pounds (32 kg) per day; if any slave failed in their quota, they were subject to whip lashes for each pound they were short. The whipping post stood next to the cotton scales. A New York man who attended a slave auction in the mid-19th century reported that at least three-quarters of the male slaves he saw at sale had scars on their backs from whipping. By contrast, small slave-owning families had closer relationships between the owners and slaves; this sometimes resulted in a more humane environment but was not a given. 1886: 78: 4957: 3818: 3806: 5486: 5330:, or Main Camp Administration, the institution which ran the Soviet camps. But over time, the word has also come to signify the system of Soviet slave labor itself, in all its forms and varieties: labor camps, punishment camps, criminal and political camps, women's camps, children's camps, transit camps. Even more broadly, "Gulag" has come to mean the Soviet repressive system itself, the set of procedures that Alexander Solzhenitsyn once called "our meat grinder": the arrests, the interrogations, the transport in unheated cattle cars, the forced labor, the destruction of families, the years spent in exile, the early and unnecessary deaths. 3712: 3190: 4652: 4324:. Slavery has taken various forms throughout China's history. It was reportedly abolished as a legally recognized institution, including in a 1909 law fully enacted in 1910, although the practice continued until at least 1949. Tang Chinese soldiers and pirates enslaved Koreans, Turks, Persians, Indonesians, and people from Inner Mongolia, central Asia, and northern India. The greatest source of slaves came from southern tribes, including Thais and aboriginals from the southern provinces of Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Guizhou. Malays, Khmers, Indians, and "black skinned" peoples (who were either Austronesian 3186:

the larger family ties. Children of slaves born into families could be integrated into the master's kinship group and rise to prominent positions within society, even to the level of chief in some instances. However, stigma often remained attached and there could be strict separations between slave members of a kinship group and those related to the master. Slavery was practiced in many different forms: debt slavery, enslavement of war captives, military slavery, and criminal slavery were all practiced in various parts of Africa. Slavery for domestic and court purposes was widespread throughout Africa.

7102: 2338: 2926: 7376: 4353:." The Manchu was establishing close personal and paternalist relationship between masters and their slaves, as Nurhachi said, "The Master should love the slaves and eat the same food as him". However, booi aha "did not correspond exactly to the Chinese category of "bond-servant slave" (Chinese:奴僕); instead, it was a relationship of personal dependency on a master which in theory guaranteed close personal relationships and equal treatment, even though many western scholars would directly translate "booi" as "bond-servant" (some of the "booi" even had their own servant). 7190: 4374: 4032:, which had a surplus of labour, and taken to the Deep South in a forced migration, splitting up many families. New communities of African American culture were developed in the Deep South, and the total slave population in the South eventually reached 4 million before liberation. In the 19th century, proponents of slavery often defended the institution as a "necessary evil". White people of that time feared that emancipation of black slaves would have more harmful social and economic consequences than the continuation of slavery. The French writer and traveler 5167: 6443: 2654: 8232: 8129: 8075: 8033: 7941: 7820: 7768: 7678: 7622: 7580: 7532: 7433: 7327: 7148: 3089: 3697: 2626: 3942: 2194:"), and sought to abolish it. Abolitionism encountered extreme resistance but was eventually successful. Several of the states of the United States began abolishing slavery during the American Revolutionary War. The French Revolution tried to abolish slavery in 1794, but a permanent abolition did not occur until 1848. In much of the British Empire, slavery was subject to abolition in 1833, throughout the United States it was abolished in 1865 and in Cuba in 1886. The last country in the Americas to abolish slavery was Brazil, 5642: 8220: 3759:

infrastructure, and population boomed from immigrants seeking to take part in gold and diamond mining. Demand for African slaves did not wane after the decline of the mining industry in the second half of the 18th century. Cattle ranching and foodstuff production proliferated after the population growth, both of which relied heavily on slave labour. 1.7 million slaves were imported to Brazil from Africa from 1700 to 1800, and the rise of coffee in the 1830s further enticed expansion of the slave trade.

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1680–1731," p. 332. Filliot estimated the average mortality rate among slaves shipped from India and West Africa to the Mascarene Islands at 20–25% and 25–30%, respectively. Average mortality rates among slaves arriving from closer catchment areas were lower: 12% from Madagascar and 21% from Southeast Africa. See Filliot, La Traite des Esclaves, p. 228; A. Toussaint, La Route des Îles: Contribution Ã l'Histoire Maritime des Mascareignes (Paris, 1967); Allen, "The Madagascar Slave Trade and Labor Migration."

28798: 3393: 5120: 5009: 8177: 8117: 8021: 7756: 7666: 2588: 6755:, Rabbi David Rosen, Abbas Abdalla Abbas Soliman, Undersecretary of State of Al Azhar Alsharif (representing Mohamed Ahmed El-Tayeb, Grand Imam of Al-Azhar), Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Taqi al-Modarresi, Sheikh Naziyah Razzaq Jaafar, Special advisor of Grand Ayatollah (representing Grand Ayatollah Sheikh Basheer Hussain al Najafi), Sheikh Omar Abboud, Justin Welby, Archbishop of Canterbury, and Metropolitan Emmanuel of France (representing Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew.) 3510:, for the remainder of his life, for attempting to run away. This case was significant because it established the disparity between his sentence as a black man and that of the two white indentured servants who escaped with him (one described as Dutch and one as a Scotchman). It is the first documented case of a black man sentenced to lifetime servitude and is considered one of the first legal cases to make a racial distinction between black and white indentured servants. 7858: 7719: 6001:. Because of the illegal nature of human trafficking, its extent is unknown. A U.S. government report, published in 2005, estimates that about 700,000 people worldwide are trafficked across borders each year. This figure does not include those who are trafficked internally. Another research effort revealed that roughly 1.5 million individuals are trafficked either internally or internationally each year, of which about 500,000 are sex trafficking victims. 32633: 31466: 30121: 26480: 25681: 5899:, the last country to abolish slavery (in 1981), it is estimated that 20% of its population of 3 million people are enslaved as bonded labourers. Slavery in Mauritania was criminalized in August 2007. However, although slavery, as a practice, was legally banned in 1981, it was not a crime to own a slave until 2007. Although many slaves have escaped or have been freed since 2007, as of 2012, only one slave owner had been sentenced to serve time in prison. 4767: 2140: 3382: 15299:"Victoria county history: a history of the county of Chester, vol. V, 2, The city of Chester: culture, buildings and institutions – Edited by Christopher P. Lewis and Alan T. Thacker Victoria county history: a history of the county of Durham, vol. IV, Darlington – Edited by Gillian Cookson Victoria county history: a history of the County of Oxford, vol. XV, Carterton, Minster Lovell, and environs (Bampton Hundred part three) – Edited by S. Townley" 4073: 4209: 4509:, that he wrote a letter to Jesuit Vice-Provincial Gaspar Coelho on July 24, 1587, to demand the Portuguese, Siamese (Thai), and Cambodians stop purchasing and enslaving Japanese and return Japanese slaves who ended up as far as India. Hideyoshi blamed the Portuguese and Jesuits for this slave trade and banned Christian proselytizing as a result. In 1595, a law was passed by Portugal banning the selling and buying of Chinese and Japanese slaves. 14183:, p. 225: "be very loyal, intelligent, and hard-working. Their culinary bent (not for nothing is Chinese cooking regarded as the Asiatic equivalent to French cooking in Europe) was evidently appreciated. The Florentine traveller Filipe Sassetti recording his impressions of Lisbon's enormous slave population circa 1580, states that the majority of the Chinese there were employed as cooks. Dr. John Fryer, who gives us an interesting ...". 14099:, p. 225: "be very loyal, intelligent, and hard-working. Their culinary bent (not for nothing is Chinese cooking regarded as the Asiatic equivalent to French cooking in Europe) was evidently appreciated. The Florentine traveller Filipe Sassetti recording his impressions of Lisbon's enormous slave population circa 1580, states that the majority of the Chinese there were employed as cooks. Dr. John Fryer, who gives us an interesting ...". 3626:

addition to transporting most of the sugar to Europe. In 1644, the population of Barbados was estimated at 30,000, of which about 800 were of African descent, with the remainder mainly of English descent. By 1700, there were 15,000 free whites and 50,000 enslaved Africans. In Jamaica, although the African slave population in the 1670s and 1680s never exceeded 10,000, by 1800 it had increased to over 300,000. The increased implementation of

26500: 7900: 6583: 5666: 7808: 7481: 6921:. Mandatory systems of fines and reparations paid to an as yet undetermined group of claimants from fines, paid by unspecified parties, and collected by authorities have been proposed by advocates to alleviate this "civil court problem." Since in almost all cases there are no living ex-slaves or living ex-slave owners these movements have gained little traction. In nearly all cases the judicial system has ruled that the 3430: 5749:

of the most advanced countries in the world yet has more than 400,000 modern slaves working under forced labour conditions." An estimated 40.3 million are enslaved globally, with North Korea having the most slaves at 2.6 million (one in 10). Of the estimated 40.3 million people in contemporary slavery, 71% are women and 29% are men. The report found of the 40.3 million in modern slavery, 15.4 million are in

7980: 6442: 5536: 7283: 3127: 32645: 31476: 26490: 25691: 6441: 3595: 6440: 2152: 6951: 2129: 2670: 6439: 5217: 2814: 4019:, beating, burning, mutilation, branding and imprisonment. Punishment was most often meted out in response to disobedience or perceived infractions, but sometimes abuse was carried out to re-assert the dominance of the master or overseer of the slave. Treatment was usually harsher on large plantations, which were often managed by overseers and owned by absentee slaveholders. 5571:

was an institution recognized in the Quran and morally justified under the guise of warfare against non-Muslims, and non-Muslims were kidnapped and enslaved by Muslims around the Muslim world: in the Balkans, the Caucasus, the Baluchistan, India, South West Asia and the Philippines. Slaves where marsched in schackles to the coasts of Sudan, Ethiopia and Somali, placed upon

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descent. Jewish slaves never fully assimilated into Roman society, remaining an identifiable minority. These slaves (especially the foreigners) had higher death rates and lower birth rates than natives and were sometimes subjected to mass expulsions. The average recorded age at death for the slaves in Rome was seventeen and a half years (17.2 for males; 17.9 for females).

3574:, limited punishments, required religious instruction, and protected marriages, forbidding the sale of young children away from their mothers. The British made other changes to the institution of slavery in Cuba. However, planters often flouted the laws and protested against them, considering them a threat to their authority and an intrusion into their personal lives. 5077:. In the second half of the 16th century, the Crown gave up the monopoly on slave trade, and the focus of European trade in African slaves shifted from import to Europe to slave transports directly to tropical colonies in the Americas – especially Brazil. In the 15th century one-third of the slaves were resold to the African market in exchange of gold. 4489:. Historians pointed out that at the same time Hideyoshi expressed his indignation and outrage at the Portuguese trade in Japanese slaves, he was engaging in a mass slave trade of Korean prisoners of war in Japan. Fillippo Sassetti saw some Chinese and Japanese slaves in Lisbon among the large slave community in 1578, although most of the slaves were black. 4938:. However, when England began to have colonies in the Americas, and particularly from the 1640s, African slaves began to make their appearance in England and remained a presence until the eighteenth century. In Scotland, slaves continued to be sold as chattels until late in the eighteenth century (on the second May 1722, an advertisement appeared in the 14053:

japoneses) já existiam aos montes em Lisboa por volta de 1578, quando Filippo Sassetti visitou a cidade,18 apenas suplantados em número pelos africanos. Parece aliás que aos últimos cabia o trabalho pesado, ficando reservadas aos chins tarefas e funções mais amenas, inclusive a de em certos casos secretariar autoridades civis, religiosas e militares.

11918:"For the first time, and probably for the last, a colonizing nation organized a formal enquiry into the justice of the methods used to extend its empire. For the first time, too, in the modern world, we see an attempt to stigmatize an entire race as inferior, as born slaves according to the theory elaborated centuries before by Aristotle." 4069:, and tensions continued to rise. Many white Southern Christians, including church ministers, attempted to justify their support for slavery as modified by Christian paternalism. The largest denominations, the Baptist, Methodist, and Presbyterian churches, split over the slavery issue into regional organizations of the North and South. 3688:

generally escaped through the rain forest, which they knew much better than did the colonists. To end hostilities, in the 18th century the European colonial authorities signed several peace treaties with different tribes. They granted the Maroons sovereign status and trade rights in their inland territories, giving them autonomy.

5142:. According to David P. Forsythe, "In 1649 up to three-quarters of Muscovy's peasants, or 13 to 14 million people, were serfs whose material lives were barely distinguishable from slaves. Perhaps another 1.5 million were formally enslaved, with Russian slaves serving Russian masters." Slavery remained a major institution in 3553:. A labour shortage resulted. This led to the African slaves being imported, as they were not susceptible to smallpox. In exchange, many Africans were afforded the opportunity to buy their freedom, while eventually others were granted their freedom by their masters. In Jamaica, the Spanish enslaved many of the 6871:

issued a public apology for London's role in Atlantic slave trade, which took place at an event commemorating the 200th anniversary of the British slave trade's abolition. In his speech, Livingstone described the slave trade as "the racial murder of not just those who were transported but generations

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There is adequate evidence citing case after case of African control of segments of the trade. Several African nations such as the Calabar and other southern parts of Nigeria had economies depended solely on the trade. African peoples such as the Imbangala of Angola and the Nyamwezi of Tanzania would

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seized approximately 1,600 slave ships and freed 150,000 Africans who were aboard. Action was also taken against African leaders who refused to agree to British treaties to outlaw the trade, for example against "the usurping King of Lagos", deposed in 1851. Anti-slavery treaties were signed with over

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with drugs to control their victims. "Annually, according to U.S. government-sponsored research completed in 2006, approximately 800,000 people are trafficked across national borders, which does not include millions trafficked within their own countries. Approximately 80% of transnational victims are

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reported in 2018 that slavery in wealthy Western societies is much more prevalent than previously known, in particular the United States and Great Britain, which have 403,000 (one in 800) and 136,000 slaves respectively. Andrew Forrest, founder of the organization, said that "The United States is one

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By 1870, chattel slavery had been at least formally banned in most areas of the world, with the exception of Muslim lands in Caucasus, Africa, and the Gulf. While slavery was by the 1870s viewed as morally unacceptable in the West, slavery was not considered to be imoral in the Muslim world since it

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population could fluctuate up to about one-third of the population, but on average the nobi made up about 10% of the total population. The nobi system declined beginning in the 18th century. Since the outset of the Joseon dynasty and especially beginning in the 17th century, there was harsh criticism

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described the losses of Sudanese slaves being transported on foot to Egypt: "after the Daftardar bey's 1822 campaign in the southern Nuba mountains, nearly 40,000 slaves were captured. However, through bad treatment, disease and desert travel barely 5,000 made it to Egypt." W.A. Veenhoven wrote: "The

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on coastal villages and ships extending from Italy to Iceland, enslaved an estimated 1 to 1.25 million Europeans between the 16th and 19th centuries. However, this estimate is the result of an extrapolation which assumes that the number of European slaves captured by Barbary pirates was constant

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where land is abundant, but labour is scarce, such that rent is depressed and paid workers can demand high wages. If the opposite holds true, then it is more costly for landowners to guard the slaves than to employ paid workers who can demand only low wages because of the degree of competition. Thus,

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proponents to define involuntary psychiatric patients, claiming there are no unbiased physical tests for mental illness and yet the psychiatric patient must follow the orders of the psychiatrist. They assert that instead of chains to control the slave, the psychiatrist uses drugs to control the mind.

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was the last country in the world to officially ban slavery, in 1981, with legal prosecution of slaveholders established in 2007. However, in 2019, approximately 40 million people, of whom 26% were children, were still enslaved throughout the world despite slavery being illegal. In the modern world,

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Many of them are locked in the house of their Taiwanese employers, never allowed to have a day off, and virtually under the control of their employer," Fr O'Neill said. "Some are also victims of sexual abuse – raped by the husband who is their employer. They run away and become undocumented workers,

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are typically recruited through deceit or trickery (such as a false job offer, false migration offer, or false marriage offer), sale by family members, recruitment by former slaves, or outright abduction. Victims are forced into a "debt slavery" situation by coercion, deception, fraud, intimidation,

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were "hunted incessantly and carried off as slaves by the Siamese (Thai), the Anamites (Vietnamese), and the Cambodians". A Siamese military campaign in Laos in 1876 was described by a British observer as having been "transformed into slave-hunting raids on a large scale". The census, taken in 1879,

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The Portuguese also valued Oriental slaves more than the black Africans and the Moors for their rarity. Chinese slaves were more expensive than Moors and blacks and showed off the high status of the owner. The Portuguese attributed qualities like intelligence and industriousness to Chinese, Japanese

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products”, They always had a low social status, and even if they were deliberately murdered, the perpetrators received only a year in prison, and were punished even when they reported the crimes of their lords. However, in the Later period of the dynasty, perhaps because the increase in the number

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Slaves that made it to Haiti from the trans-Atlantic journey and slaves born in Haiti were first documented in Haiti's archives and transferred to France's Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. As of 2015, these records are in The National Archives of France. According to the 1788

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economy in Brazil, and sugar was the primary export of the colony from 1600 to 1650. Gold and diamond deposits were discovered in Brazil in 1690, which sparked an increase in the importation of African slaves to power this newly profitable market. Transportation systems were developed for the mining

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structures. In many African communities, where land could not be owned, enslavement of individuals was used as a means to increase the influence a person had and expand connections. This made slaves a permanent part of a master's lineage and the children of slaves could become closely connected with

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Davis' numbers have been refuted by other historians, such as David Earle, who cautions that true picture of Europeans slaves is clouded by the fact the corsairs also seized non-Christian whites from eastern Europe. In addition, the number of slaves traded was hyperactive, with exaggerated estimates

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Since the 18th century, critics have argued that slavery hinders technological advancement because the focus is on increasing the number of slaves doing simple tasks rather than upgrading their efficiency. For example, it is sometimes argued that, because of this narrow focus, technology in Greece –

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The non-Jewish population was subjected to Nazi terror, too. Hundreds of thousands were deported to Germany as slave laborers, thousands of villages and towns were burned or destroyed, and millions were starved to death as the Germans plundered the entire region. Timothy Snyder estimates that 'half

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Of 2,467 slaves traded on 12 slave voyages from Batavia, India, and Madagascar between 1677 and 1701 to the Cape, 1,617 were landed with a loss of 850 slaves, or 34.45%. On 19 voyages between 1677 and 1732, the mortality rate was somewhat lower (22.7%). See Shell, "Slavery at the Cape of Good Hope,

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VOC 1479, OBP 1691, fls. 611r–627v, Specificatie van Allerhande Koopmansz. tot Tuticurin, Manaapar en Alvatt.rij Ingekocht, 1670/71–1689/90; W. Ph. Coolhaas and J.van Goor, eds, Generale Missiven van Gouverneurs-Generaal en Raden van Indiaan Heren Zeventien der Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie (The

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ing Chinese as slaves, since they are found to be very loyal, intelligent and hard working' ... their culinary bent was also evidently appreciated. The Florentine traveller Fillippo Sassetti, recording his impressions of Lisbon's enormous slave population circa 1580, states that the majority of the

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Idéias e costumes da China podem ter-nos chegado também através de escravos chineses, de uns poucos dos quais sabe-se da presença no Brasil de começos do Setecentos.17 Mas não deve ter sido através desses raros infelizes que a influência chinesa nos atingiu, mesmo porque escravos chineses (e também

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would be worthy of scholarly attention, in my view. For as in the case of global slavery, the Gulag found legitimacy in an elaborate narrative of difference that involved the presumption of dangerousness and guilt. This ideology of difference and the violence of human exploitation have left lasting

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stated that "many colliers and salters are in a state of slavery and bondage" and announced emancipation; those starting work after July 1, 1775, would not become slaves, while those already in a state of slavery could, after 7 or 10 years depending on their age, apply for a decree of the Sheriff's

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made many proposals and developments that lessened the burden on nobi, which led to the emancipation of the vast majority of government nobi in 1801. In addition, population growth, numerous escaped slaves, growing commercialization of agriculture, and the rise of the independent small farmer class

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While American slaves in 1809 were sold for around $ 40,000 (in inflation adjusted dollars), a slave nowadays can be bought for just $ 90, making replacement more economical than providing long-term care. Slavery is a multibillion-dollar industry with estimates of up to $ 35 billion generated

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formally banned the Red Sea slave trade, but it was not enforced in the Ottoman Provinces in the Arabian Peninsula. In the late 19th-century, the Sultan of Morocco stated to Western diplomats that it was impossible for him to ban slavery because such a ban would not be enforcable, but the British

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by Tatar raids on Slavic villages but also by conquest and the suppression of rebellions, in the aftermath of which entire populations were sometimes enslaved and sold across the Empire, reducing the risk of future rebellion. The Ottomans also purchased slaves from traders who brought slaves into

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In September 1687, 665 slaves were exported by the English from Fort St. George, Madras. And, in 1694–96, when warfare once more ravaged South India, a total of 3,859 slaves were imported from Coromandel by private individuals into Ceylon. The volume of the total Dutch Indian Ocean slave trade has

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in 1543, slave trade developed in which Portuguese purchased Japanese as slaves in Japan and sold them to various locations overseas, including Portugal, throughout the 16th and 17th centuries. Many documents mention the slave trade along with protests against the enslavement of Japanese. Japanese

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or Boni, and Matawai. The Maroons often raided plantations to recruit new members from the slaves and capture women, as well as to acquire weapons, food and supplies. They sometimes killed planters and their families in the raids. The colonists also mounted armed campaigns against the Maroons, who

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in 1640 completely transformed society and the economy. Barbados eventually had one of the world's largest sugar industries. The workable sugar plantation required a large investment and a great deal of heavy labour. At first, Dutch traders supplied the equipment, financing, and African slaves, in

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in the region. Eventually, tens of thousands of captives were being taken every year. The Indian Ocean slave trade was multi-directional and changed over time. To meet the demand for menial labour, Bantu slaves bought by east African slave traders from southeastern Africa were sold in cumulatively

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Indenture, also known as bonded labour or debt bondage, is a form of unfree labour in which a person works to pay off a debt by pledging himself or herself as collateral. The services required to repay the debt, and their duration, may be undefined. Debt bondage can be passed on from generation to

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In 2014, for the first time in history, major leaders of many religions, Buddhist, Hindu, Christian, Jewish, and Muslim met to sign a shared commitment against modern-day slavery; the declaration they signed calls for the elimination of slavery and human trafficking by 2020. The signatories were:

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Between 1626 and 1662, the Dutch exported on an average 150–400 slaves annually from the Arakan-Bengal coast. During the first 30 years of Batavia's existence, Indian and Arakanese slaves provided the main labour force of the Dutch East India Company, Asian headquarters. An increase in Coromandel

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were exile slaves to Turkestani Begs. While free Chinese merchants generally did not engage in relationships with East Turkestani women, some of the Chinese slaves belonging to begs, along with Green Standard soldiers, Bannermen, and Manchus, engaged in affairs with the East Turkestani women that

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Brazil was the last country in the Western world to abolish slavery. Forty percent of the total number of slaves brought to the Americas were sent to Brazil. For reference, the United States received 10 percent. Despite being abolished, there are still people working in slavery-like conditions in

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During the Atlantic slave trade era, Brazil imported more African slaves than any other country. Nearly 5 million slaves were brought from Africa to Brazil during the period from 1501 to 1866. Until the early 1850s, most African slaves who arrived on Brazilian shores were forced to embark at

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There are no records of how many men, women and children were enslaved, but it is possible to calculate roughly the number of fresh captives that would have been needed to keep populations steady and replace those slaves who died, escaped, were ransomed, or converted to Islam. On this basis it is

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Some historians assert that as many as 17 million people were sold into slavery on the coast of the Indian Ocean, the Middle East, and North Africa, and approximately 5 million African slaves were bought by Muslim slave traders and taken from Africa across the Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and

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in the United States, to become prominent on large plantations where field hands toiled with factory-like precision. Then, each work gang was based on an internal division of labour that assigned every member of the gang to a task and made each worker's performance dependent on the actions of the

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system. They were well cared for but were legally slaves owned by the government and were not allowed to marry. They were never bought or sold. The empire gave them significant administrative and military roles. The system began about 1365; there were 135,000 janissaries in 1826, when the system

4429:. The nobi population could fluctuate up to about one-third of the total, but on average the nobi made up about 10% of the total population. In 1801, the majority of government nobi were emancipated, and by 1858, the nobi population stood at about 1.5 percent of the Korean population. During the 4014:

The treatment of slaves in the United States varied widely depending on conditions, times, and places. The power relationships of slavery corrupted many whites who had authority over slaves, with children showing their own cruelty. Masters and overseers resorted to physical punishments to impose

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Spain practically did not trade in slaves until 1810 after the rebellions and independence of its American territories or viceroyalties. After the Napoleonic invasions, Spain had lost its industry and its American territories, except in Cuba and Puerto Rico, where the African slave trade to Cuba

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stated that free labour was economically better than slave labour, and that it was nearly impossible to end slavery in a free, democratic, or republican form of government since many of its legislators or political figures were slave owners and would not punish themselves. He further stated that

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Several historians have made important contributions to the global understanding of the African side of the Atlantic slave trade. By arguing that African merchants determined the assemblage of trade goods accepted in exchange for slaves, many historians argue for African agency and ultimately a

5649:

Even though slavery is now outlawed in every country, the number of slaves today is estimated as between 12 million and 29.8 million. According to a broad definition of slavery, there were 27 million people in slavery in 1999, spread all over the world. In 2005, the International

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outside of Italy. Generally, slaves in Italy were indigenous Italians. Foreigners (including both slaves and freedmen) born outside of Italy were estimated to have peaked at 5% of the total in the capital, where their number was largest. Those from outside of Europe were predominantly of Greek

16171:...apart from Jewish forced labourers – workers from Belarus, Ukraine and Russia had to endure the worst working and living conditions. Moreover, German occupation policies in the Soviet Union were far more brutal than in any other country, and German deportation practices the most inhuman. 3501:

Many whites who arrived in North America during the 17th and 18th centuries came under contract as indentured servants. The transformation from indentured servitude to slavery was a gradual process in Virginia. The earliest legal documentation of such a shift was in 1640 where a black man,

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Many slaves escaped the plantations. With the help of the native South Americans living in the adjoining rain forests, these runaway slaves established a new and unique culture in the interior that was highly successful in its own right. They were known collectively in English as

5150:

converted the household slaves into house serfs. Russian agricultural slaves were formally converted into serfs earlier in 1679. Slavery in Poland was forbidden in the 15th century; in Lithuania, slavery was formally abolished in 1588; they were replaced by the second serfdom.

6468: 4815:, granting the kings of Spain and Portugal the right to reduce any "Saracens (Muslims), pagans and any other unbelievers" to perpetual slavery, legitimizing the slave trade as a result of war. The approval of slavery under these conditions was reaffirmed and extended in his 4485:, where they were enslaved to Portuguese or became slaves to other slaves. Some Korean slaves were bought by the Portuguese and brought back to Portugal from Japan, where they had been among the tens of thousands of Korean prisoners of war transported to Japan during the 5741:, thousands of Nepalese, the largest group of labourers, faced slavery in the form of denial of wages, confiscation of documents, and inability to leave the workplace. In 2016, the United Nations gave Qatar 12 months to end migrant worker slavery or face investigation. 2622:, "The great power of the clergy thus concurring with that of the king set the slaves at liberty. But it was absolutely necessary both that the authority of the king and of the clergy should be great. Where ever any one of these was wanting, slavery still continues..." 5945:

sectors. Taiwan is among a minority of places in the world that legally allows labor brokers to charge migrant workers for services which elsewhere are covered by employers as human resource costs. A few Taiwanese universities have reportedly tricked students from

6963:

Film has been the most influential medium in the presentation of the history of slavery to the general public around the world. The American film industry has had a complex relationship with slavery and until recent decades often avoided the topic. Films such as

6898:

apologized for Arab involvement in the slave trade, saying: "I regret the behavior of the Arabs... They brought African children to North Africa, they made them slaves, they sold them like animals, and they took them as slaves and traded them in a shameful way."

4042:(1835), expressed opposition to slavery while observing its effects on American society. He felt that a multiracial society without slavery was untenable, as he believed that prejudice against black people increased as they were granted more rights. Others, like 9028:

chattel-slavery, whereby the slave‐owner enjoyed complete mastery (dominium) over the slave's physical being was evident throughout the central era of Roman history, and in Roman no less than Greek thought was regarded as both the necessary antithesis of civic

13456:

Another target of his critique is the insistence that slaves (nobi) in Korea, especially in Choson dynasty, were closer to serfs (nongno) than true slaves (noye) in Europe and America, enjoying more freedom and independence than what a slave would normally be

7046:, how facts are stretched in search of broader truths, and suitability for the classroom. Berlin argues that critics complain if the treatment emphasizes historical brutality, or if it glosses over the harshness to highlight the emotional impact of slavery. 4105:, roughly 400,000 individuals, representing 8% of all U.S. families, owned nearly 4,000,000 slaves. One-third of Southern families owned slaves. The South was heavily invested in slavery. As such, upon Lincoln's election, seven states broke away to form the 3863:, had established rules on slave treatment and permissible freedoms. Saint-Domingue has been described as one of the most brutally efficient slave colonies; one-third of newly imported Africans died within a few years. Many slaves died from diseases such as 4459:

around World War II, some Koreans were used in forced labour by the Imperial Japanese, in conditions which have been compared to slavery. These included women forced into sexual slavery by the Imperial Japanese Army before and during World War II, known as

16245:, p. vii: "Much has been written, and much is still to be written, about the Gulag. We all know of its status as an "archipelago" (in Solzhenitsyn's words) of penal slavery, inflicted on millions and held as a threat over the rest of the population." 8935: 5590:

Ottoman anti slavery laws where not enforced in the late 19th-century, particularly not in Hejaz; the first attempt to ban the Red Sea slave trade in 1857 resulted in a rebellion in the Hejaz Province, which resulted in Hejza exempted from the ban. The

3209:

began, many of the local slave systems began supplying captives for chattel slave markets outside Africa. Although the Atlantic slave trade was not the only slave trade from Africa, it was the largest in volume and intensity. As Elikia M'bokolo wrote in

2726:("Pleasure Brigades") are made up of women selected from the general population to serve as entertainers and as concubines to the rulers of North Korea. "Tribute labor" is compulsory labor for the state and has been used in various iterations such as 6856:

resolved to 'profoundly regret' and apologize for its role in the institution of slavery. Unique and the first of its kind in the U.S., the apology was unanimously passed in both Houses as Virginia approached the 400th anniversary of the founding of

6602:

France abolished slavery in 1794 during the Revolution, but it was restored in 1802 under Napoleon. It has been asserted that, before the Revolution, slavery was illegal in metropolitan France (as opposed to its colonies), but this has been refuted.

5733:

In Kuwait, there are more than 600,000 migrant domestic workers who are vulnerable to forced labor and legally tied to their employers, who often illegally take their passports. In 2019, online slave markets on apps such as Instagram were uncovered.

3114:

thought that around 8,500 new slaves were needed annually to replenish numbers – about 850,000 captives over the century from 1580 to 1680. By extension, for the 250 years between 1530 and 1780, the figure could easily have been as high as 1,250,000.

6699:'s reports of atrocities within the Arab slave trade in Africa stirred up the interest of the British public, reviving the flagging abolitionist movement. The Royal Navy throughout the 1870s attempted to suppress "this abominable Eastern trade", at 1576: 2362:

Forced labour, or unfree labour, is sometimes used to describe an individual who is forced to work against their own will, under threat of violence or other punishment. This may also include institutions not commonly classified as slavery, such as

4472:

slaves are believed to be the first of their nation to end up in Europe, and the Portuguese purchased numbers of Japanese slave girls to bring to Portugal for sexual purposes, as noted by the Church in 1555. Japanese slave women were even sold as

23084: 3145:, with as many as 50,000 African slaves passing through every year during the 19th century. Some historians estimate that between 11 and 18 million African slaves crossed the Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and Sahara Desert from 650 to 1900 AD. 2785:, protecting slaves from mistreatment simultaneously protected people who might be mistaken for slaves, and giving slaves limited property rights incentivized slaves to work harder to get more property. In the southern United States prior to 12340: 5662:(18.1 million), forced labour (7.6 million), and trafficked slaves (2.7 million). Kara provides a dynamic model to calculate the number of slaves in the world each year, with an estimated 29.2 million at the end of 2009. 3646:

The planters of the Dutch colony of Suriname relied heavily on African slaves to cultivate, harvest and process the commodity crops of coffee, cocoa, sugar cane and cotton plantations. The Netherlands abolished slavery in Suriname in 1863.

2576:

others. The slaves chopped out the weeds that surrounded the cotton plants as well as excess sprouts. Plow gangs followed behind, stirring the soil near the plants and tossing it back around the plants. Thus, the gang system worked like an

4544:

been estimated to be about 15–30% of the Atlantic slave trade, slightly smaller than the trans-Saharan slave trade, and one-and-a-half to three times the size of the Swahili and Red Sea coast and the Dutch West India Company slave trades.

24707: 21744: 3630:

or black codes, which created differential treatment between Africans and the white workers and ruling planter class. In response to these codes, several slave rebellions were attempted or planned during this time, but none succeeded.

4007:. Those states attempted to extend slavery into the new western territories to keep their share of political power in the nation. Such laws proposed to Congress to continue the spread of slavery into newly ratified states include the 1822:

Many historical cases of enslavement occurred as a result of breaking the law, becoming indebted, suffering a military defeat, or exploitation for cheaper labor; other forms of slavery were instituted along demographic lines such as

5958:

into forced labour at factories as payment for the university programs. Some charity groups in 2007 also insisted that foreign women—mostly from China and Southeast Asia—were being forced into prostitution, although local police in

4480:

and African crew members, along with their European counterparts serving on Portuguese ships trading in Japan, mentioned by Luis Cerqueira, a Portuguese Jesuit, in a 1598 document. Japanese slaves were brought by the Portuguese to

2777:, people who deliberately killed slaves were punishable under a 1686 statute. And, as already mentioned, certain legal rights attached to the nobi in Korea, to slaves in various African societies, and to black female slaves in the 4124:, which banned slavery and involuntary servitude "except as punishment for a crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted," providing a legal basis for forced labor to continue in the country. This led to the system of 3222:

The African continent was bled of its human resources via all possible routes. Across the Sahara, through the Red Sea, from the Indian Ocean ports and across the Atlantic. At least ten centuries of slavery for the benefit of the

5296:

Stalin's Gulag was, in many ways, less a concentration camp than a forced labor camp and less a prison system than a system of slavery. The image of the slave appears often in Gulag memoir literature. As Varlam Shalamov wrote:

16183: 6562:

Many of the freed slaves became sharecroppers and indentured servants. In this manner, some became tied to the very parcel of land into which they had been born a slave having little freedom or economic opportunity because of

6567:

which perpetuated discrimination, limited education, promoted persecution without due process and resulted in continued poverty. Fear of reprisals such as unjust incarcerations and lynchings deterred upward mobility further.

3039:. The use of slave labour was extensive, especially in agriculture." The Anti-Slavery Society estimated there were 2 million slaves in Ethiopia in the early 1930s out of an estimated population of 8 to 16 million. 14023:

countryside.16 Slaves were everywhere in Lisbon, according to the Florentine merchant Filippo Sassetti, who was also living in the city during 1578. Black slaves were the most numerous, but there were also a scattering of

5299:"Hungry and exhausted, we leaned into a horse collar, raising blood blisters on our chests and pulling a stone-filled cart up the slanted mine floor. The collar was the same device used long ago by the ancient Egyptians." 5201:

Besides Jews, the harshest deportation and forced labour policies were applied to the populations of Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, and Russia. By the end of the war, half of Belarus' population had been killed or deported.

4451:

contributed to the decline in the number of nobi to about 1.5% of the total population by 1858. The hereditary nobi system was officially abolished around 1886–87, and the rest of the nobi system was abolished with the

17074: 11830: 6688:, which campaigned to outlaw slavery in other countries. There were celebrations in 2007 to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the abolition of the slave trade in the United Kingdom through the work of the British 8924: 18050: 13639: 9552: 6444: 17319:"China: 83 major brands implicated in report on forced labour of ethnic minorities from Xinjiang assigned to factories across provinces; Includes company responses – Business & Human Rights Resource Centre" 6804:

was performed with a high degree of involvement of several African societies. The black slave market was supplied by well-established slave trade networks controlled by local African societies and individuals.

6323: 4168:, protesting for better pay, better conditions, and for the end of forced labor. Strike leaders were punished with indefinite solitary confinement. Forced prison labor occurs in both government-run prisons and 9147:

Wealth rested heavily on the possession of slaves across the large empires of West Africa as well as in Benin and other kingdoms Slave owners in sub-Saharan Africa also employed their chattel in a variety of

2221:

continued to traffic slaves from the African continent to the Middle East. During the 20th century, the issue of chattel slavery was addressed and investigated globally by international bodies created by the

14402:

footnote 2: (...) While it is likely that the institution of slavery existed in India during the Vedic period, the association of the Vedic 'Dasa' with 'slaves' is problematic and likely to have been a later

6800:. Apologies on behalf of African nations, for their role in trading their countrymen into slavery, remain an open issue since slavery was practiced in Africa even before the first Europeans arrived and the 6522:

In the United States, all of the northern states had abolished slavery by 1804, with New Jersey being the last to act. Abolitionist pressure produced a series of small steps towards emancipation. After the

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constitute half the market share of private prisons, and they made a combined revenue of $ 3.5 billion in 2015. The value of all labor by inmates in the United States is estimated to be in the billions. In

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or early marriages are often considered types of slavery. Forced marriage continues to be practiced in parts of the world including some parts of Asia and Africa and in immigrant communities in the West.

3736:

Later, Portuguese colonists were heavily dependent on indigenous labour during the initial phases of settlement to maintain the subsistence economy, and natives were often captured by expeditions called

16220:

or Central Administration of Camps. Over time, it has also indicated not only the administration of concentration camps, but also the very system of Soviet slave labor, in all its forms and varieties";

3906:

fathers frequently sent their mixed-race sons to France for their education. Some men of color were admitted into the military. More of the free people of color lived in the south of the island, near

2552:

first slavery and then serfdom gradually decreased in Europe as the population grew. They were reintroduced in the Americas and in Russia as large areas of land with few inhabitants became available.

4263:), Murder against slaves was as taboo as murder against free people, and perpetrators were always severely punished. Han dynasty can be said to be very distinctive compared to other countries of the 2746:

regimes such as the Nazis and the Soviet Union placed increasing importance on the labor provided in those camps, leading to a growing tendency among historians to designate such systems as slavery.

1571: 16131: 11791: 7039:

takes place on the imaginary Portuguese island of Queimada (where the locals speak Spanish) and it merges historical events that took place in Brazil, Cuba, Santo Domingo, Jamaica, and elsewhere.

6917:

matter in almost every country. This is often decried as a serious problem, since former slaves' relatives lack of money means they often have limited access to a potentially expensive and futile

6421: 9978:...vulgar are the means of livelihood of all hired workmen whom we pay for mere manual labour, not for artistic skill; for in their case the very wage they receive is a pledge of their slavery. 6872:

of enslaved African men, women and children. To justify this murder and torture black people had to be declared inferior or not human... We live with the consequences today." City officials in

2035:

sclāvus) in the meaning 'prisoner of war slave', 'slave' in the 8th/9th century, because they often became captured and enslaved. However this version has been disputed since the 19th century.

6614:

was widely taken to have held that slavery was illegal in England. This judgement also laid down the principle that slavery contracted in other jurisdictions could not be enforced in England.

6332: 17771: 17436: 6425: 6322: 6318: 4003:, effective 1808, although smuggling (illegal importing) was not unusual. Domestic slave trading, however, continued at a rapid pace, driven by labour demands from the development of cotton 3902:

descendants of white male colonists and black female slaves (and later, mixed-race women). Over time, many were released from slavery. They established a separate social class. White French

6826:, minister of environment and housing for Benin, later said: "The slave trade is a shame, and we do repent for it." Researchers estimate that 3 million slaves were exported out of the 6495:, which ruled China from 221 to 206 BC, abolished slavery and discouraged serfdom. However, many of its laws were overturned when the dynasty was overthrown. Slavery was again abolished by 6428: 2645: 6314: 5263:

Prisoners in these camps were worked to death by a combination of extreme production quotas, physical and psychological brutality, hunger, lack of medical care, and the harsh environment.

24676: 19963: 17367: 9125:

Chattel-slaves were needed, especially from the ninth to thirteenth centuries, in the gold and emerald (carbuncle) mines of the Wadi Allaqi in the deserts east of the Nile's 2nd Cataract

6395: 6043: 5929:, forced labour, and abuses are all widespread. Most international human rights organizations consider North Korea to have no contemporary parallel with respect to violations of liberty. 6399: 6365: 5277:. Fatality rate was as high as 80% during the first months in many camps. Hundreds of thousands of people, possibly millions, died as a direct result of forced labour under the Soviets. 5757:. The foundation defines contemporary slavery as "situations of exploitation that a person cannot refuse or leave because of threats, violence, coercion, abuse of power, or deception." 3104:, the capital of Algeria, captured Christians and Europeans were forced into slavery. In about 1650, there were as many as 35,000 Christian slaves in Algiers. By one estimate, raids by 31186: 22248: 10365: 4425:

class, and some possessed property rights, and legal and civil rights. Hence, some scholars argue that it is inappropriate to call them "slaves", while some scholars describe them as

1803:, especially in regards to their labour. Slavery typically involves compulsory work, with the slave's location of work and residence dictated by the party that holds them in bondage. 3984:, the status of slave had been institutionalized as a racial caste associated with African ancestry. The United States became polarized over the issue of slavery, represented by the 19119: 12873: 9481: 17858: 11025: 3017:

Sahara Desert between 1500 and 1900. The captives were sold throughout the Middle East. This trade accelerated as superior ships led to more trade and greater demand for labour on

19093: 6325: 2825:

populations because it requires economic surpluses and a substantial population density. Thus, although it has existed among unusually resource-rich hunter gatherers, such as the

2183:, Subsaharan Africa, Brazil, the United States and parts of the Caribbean such as Cuba and Haiti. The Iroquois enslaved others in ways that “looked very like chattel slavery." 2171:) owned by the enslaver; like livestock, they can be bought and sold at will. Chattel slavery was historically the normal form of slavery and was practiced in places such as the 6845:

and is still being pursued by entities across the world. For example, the Jamaican Reparations Movement approved its declaration and action plan. In 2007, British Prime Minister

3046:, Bantu peoples that lived along the East African coast. The Zanj were for centuries shipped as slaves by Arab traders to all the countries bordering the Indian Ocean during the 12903:

Ober, Josiah; Scheidel, Walter; Shaw, Brent D.; Sanclemente, Donna (April 18, 2007). "Toward Open Access in Ancient Studies: The Princeton-Stanford Working Papers in Classics".

9042: 8539: 8310: 3561:

began on a massive scale from 1810 onwards. It was started by French planters exiled from the French lost colony Saint Domingue (Haiti) who settled in the eastern part of Cuba.

15568: 2793:, a right to trial by jury in graver cases, and the right to grand jury indictment, but they lacked many other rights such as white adults' ability to control their own lives. 32240: 23076: 17082: 6913:

There have been movements to achieve reparations for those formerly held as slaves or for their descendants. Claims for reparations for being held in slavery are handled as a

4357:(Tungans) Sufis who were charged with practicing xiejiao (heterodox religion), were punished by exile to Xinjiang and being sold as a slave to other Muslims, such as the Sufi 2604:

slaves would be better able to gain their freedom under centralized government, or a central authority like a king or church. Similar arguments appeared later in the works of

17798: 11840: 9592: 6640:

led the anti-slavery movement in the United Kingdom, although the groundwork was an anti-slavery essay by Clarkson. Wilberforce was urged by his close friend, Prime Minister

6437: 3050:. The Umayyad and Abbasid caliphs recruited many Zanj slaves as soldiers and, as early as 696, there were slave revolts of the Zanj against their Arab enslavers during their 16278:, p. 295: "This is the fact that the forced labor system of the Gulag is an example of slavery in the absence of well-defined and enforced property rights in slaves."; 6331: 2106:

perpetuates the crime of slavery in language by reducing its victims to a nonhuman noun instead of "carry them forward as people, not the property that they were" (see also

17565: 11900:

All Mankind Is One: A Study of the Disputation Between Bartolomé de Las Casas and Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda on the Religious and Intellectual Capacity of the American Indians

6327: 5194:(sub-humans) as a permanent slave-class of inferior beings who could be worked until they died, and who possessed neither the rights nor the legal status of members of the 4046:

argued that slavery was a "positive good" stating: "Such a class you must have, or you would not have that other class which leads progress, civilization, and refinement."

19068: 14451:

Sources such as the Arthasastra, the Manusmriti and the Mahabharata demonstrate that institutionalized slavery was well established in India by beginning of the common era

9469:

Persians never practiced mass slavery, and in many cases the situations and lives of semi-slaves (prisoners of war) were in fact better than the common citizens of Persia.

6380: 18058: 10917: 6371: 6344: 6316: 3085:

boomed and the Arabs became richer, agriculture and other manual labour work was thought to be demeaning. The resulting labour shortage led to an increased slave market.

2753:

where the Spanish Crown granted private individuals the right to the free labour of a specified number of natives in a given area. In the "Red Rubber System" of both the

9548: 6459:

Slavery has existed, in one form or another, throughout recorded human history – as have, in various periods, movements to free large or distinct groups of slaves.

6362: 3490:. The first African slaves arrived in Hispaniola in 1501. This era saw a growth in race-based slavery. England played a prominent role in the Atlantic slave trade. The " 3243:

The trans-Atlantic slave trade peaked in the late 18th century, when the largest number of slaves were captured on raiding expeditions into the interior of West Africa.

13669: 8566: 6887:

passed a resolution apologizing to African-Americans for the "fundamental injustice, cruelty, brutality, and inhumanity of slavery". The news was welcomed by President

6411: 6409: 6319: 13647: 6402: 6352: 1702: 6415: 6360: 5415:

has been difficult to differentiate by word usage alone. The three apparent types of enslavement in Ancient Egypt: chattel slavery, bonded labour, and forced labour.

4109:. The first six states to secede held the greatest number of slaves in the South. Shortly after, over the issue of slavery, the United States erupted into an all-out 3743:. The importation of African slaves began midway through the 16th century, but the enslavement of indigenous peoples continued well into the 17th and 18th centuries. 2845:

about 11,000 years ago. Slavery was practiced in almost every ancient civilization. Such institutions included debt bondage, punishment for crime, the enslavement of

2298:

generation, with children required to pay off their progenitors' debt. It is the most widespread form of slavery today. Debt bondage is most prevalent in South Asia.

2262:. Legal chattel slavery was finally abolished in the Arabian Peninsula in the 1960s: Saudi Arabia and Yemen in 1962, in Dubai in 1963, and Oman as the last in 1970. 17664: 6315: 25170: 23052: 14566:, Rijks Geschiedkundige Publication, Kleine serie 43 (The Hague, 1976); R. Barendse, "Slaving on the Malagasy Coast, 1640–1700," in S. Evers and M. Spindler, eds, 6240: 6036: 4715:

By the late Republican era, slavery had become an economic pillar of Roman wealth, as well as Roman society. It is estimated that 25% or more of the population of

3930: 3295: 6531:, nor involvement in the international slave trade externally. Legal slavery persisted outside the northern states; most of those slaves already in the U.S. were 6405: 6329: 6317: 18170: 12553: 6320: 3910:, and many intermarried within their community. They frequently worked as artisans and tradesmen, and began to own some property. Some became slave holders. The 3513:

After 1640, planters started to ignore the expiration of indentured contracts and keep their servants as slaves for life. This was demonstrated by the 1655 case

16201:

of the population of Soviet Belarus was either killed or forcibly displaced during World War II: nothing of the kind can be said of any other European country.'

10289: 8799: 32088: 27941: 24216: 18020: 6629: 6556: 5937:

Taiwan's migrant worker population—estimated in 2018 to be up to 660,000 in number—have reportedly faced slavery-like conditions involving sexual abuse in the

4117: 2786: 1561: 1092: 19033: 6436: 6333: 5073:, opened in 1444. In 1441, the first slaves were brought to Portugal from northern Mauritania. By 1552, black African slaves made up 10% of the population of 29197: 23164: 10343:

The encomienda in its early heyday granted a lifetime monopoly on the utilization of temporary Indian labor in a given area to one Spaniard, the encomendero.

4278:, Due to years of poor harvests, the influx of foreign tribes, and the resulting wars, The number of slaves exploded. They became a class and were called " 22263: 18569: 9625: 6578:, His autobiography, published in 1789, helped in the creation of the Slave Trade Act 1807 which ended the African slave trade for Britain and its colonies. 6401: 6383: 6361: 6326: 26271: 17158: 16138: 16005: 11293: 9309: 8305: 6313: 6295: 4873:

merchants were all involved in the slave trade during the Early Middle Ages. The trade in European slaves reached a peak in the 10th century following the

4438:

among prominent thinkers in Korea about the nobi system. Even within the Joseon government, there were indications of a shift in attitude toward the nobi.

4132:, an American criminal justice think tank, cites the 2020 US prison population as 2.3 million, and nearly all able-bodied inmates work in some fashion. In 3973: 2761:, labour was demanded as taxation; private companies were conceded areas within which they were allowed to use any measures to increase rubber production. 1446: 818: 555: 6356: 5791:

and used for forced labour in at least twenty-seven corporate factories. According to the Business and Human Rights resource center, corporations such as

4944:, announcing that a stolen slave had been found, who would be sold to pay expenses, unless claimed within two weeks). For nearly two hundred years in the 4395:

country, but by the 16th century, population growth was making unnecessary". Slavery went into decline around the 10th century but came back in the late

2102:" or "enslaved person", rather than "slave", should be used when describing the victims of slavery. According to those proposing a change in terminology, 24424: 20563:

Encounters on the Opposite Coast: Cross-Cultural Contacts between the Dutch East India Company and the Nayaka State of Madurai in the Seventeenth Century

19697: 12333:"Vergonha Ainda Maior: Novas informações disponíveis em um enorme banco de dados mostram que a escravidão no Brasil foi muito pior do que se sabia antes" 6432: 6420: 6412: 6029: 5185: 5175: 4922:, by 1200 slavery in the British Isles was non-existent. Slavery had never been authorized by statute within England and Wales, and in 1772, in the case 3373:

and their descendants were slaves. Some nations in British Columbia continued to segregate and ostracize the descendants of slaves as late as the 1970s.

2894:

In European courtly society, and European aristocracy, black African slaves and their children became visible in the late 1300s and 1400s. Starting with

1182: 823: 19741: 17776: 15681: 14715:

Lauffer, Siegfried (August 1, 1957). Berneker, Erich (ed.). "Die Bergwerkssklaven von Laureion, I. Teil" [The Mine Slaves of Laureion, Part I].

8831: 26536: 23620: 6403: 6073: 3964:, that existed in the United States of America in the 18th and 19th centuries, after it gained independence from the British and before the end of the 3357:, that lived along the Pacific coast from Alaska to California, on what is sometimes described as the Pacific or Northern Northwest Coast. Some of the 2273:. The 1981 ban on slavery was not enforced in practice, as there were no legal mechanisms to prosecute those who used slaves, these only came in 2007. 4953:

Court granting their freedom. Few could afford this, until a further law in 1799 established their freedom and made this slavery and bondage illegal.

4688:

expanded outward, entire populations were enslaved, across Europe and the Mediterranean. Slaves were used for labour, as well as for amusement (e.g.,

26423: 25565: 24948: 6435: 6324: 4238:, slaves were sometimes discriminated against but their legal status was guaranteed. As can be seen from the some historical records as “Duansheng, 3358: 22017: 17027: 15361: 12171: 3482:; his observation of that massacre led him to fight for a social movement away from the use of natives as slaves. Also, the alarming decline in the 24375: 16776: 16642: 5065:

was the first slave market created in Portugal (one of the earliest colonizers of the Americas) for the sale of imported African slaves – the

3035:, "It is estimated that by the 1890s the largest slave population of the world, about 2 million people, was concentrated in the territories of the 2090:) with the meaning "to strip the enemy (killed in a battle)" or "to make booty / extract spoils of war". This version has been criticized as well. 515: 15915: 6519:, who was "the first to expose the oppression of indigenous peoples by Europeans in the Americas and to call for the abolition of slavery there." 6424: 6376: 2386:

and is the fastest growing form of forced labour, with Thailand, Cambodia, India, Brazil and Mexico having been identified as leading hotspots of

23574: 18960: 15977: 8750:] (in Russian). Vol. 23. Дневник писателя за 1876 год. Май-октябрь. Leningrad: Наука. Ленингр. отд-ние. pp. 63, 382. Archived from 8590: 6367: 6364: 17440: 17379: 6936:

in which reparations were estimated, for harms both during and after the period of transatlantic chattel slavery, at over 100 trillion dollars.

6433: 6350: 4049:

The Southern state governments wanted to keep a balance between the number of slave and free states to maintain a political balance of power in

2452:

occurs in many places in the world today, with a 2003 study finding a national average of 69% of marriages in Ethiopia being through abduction.

24296: 19250: 17692: 16946: 16830: 12335:[Even Greater Shame: New information available from a huge database shows that slavery in Brazil was far worse than previously known]. 8265: 6999:

in the 1950s made defiant slaves into heroes. The question of slavery in American memory necessarily involves its depictions in feature films.

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One of the most significant milestones in the campaign to abolish slavery throughout the world occurred in England in 1772, with British Judge

6334: 3751:(in present-day Angola). Today, with the exception of Nigeria, the country with the largest population of people of African descent is Brazil. 2488:

was a pseudoscientific psychiatric diagnosis for a slave who desired freedom; "symptoms" included laziness and the tendency to flee captivity.

870: 19973: 16927: 8988: 6368: 6328: 5730:, Syria, and Zimbabwe were at the lowest level. The list also included Algeria, Libya, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait among a total of 21 countries. 4380:, women from outcast or slave families who were trained to provide entertainment, conversation, and sexual services to men of the upper class. 4065:, and Mexico were the subject of major political compromises. By 1850, the newly rich cotton-growing South was threatening to secede from the 22056: 18669: 14564:

De Nederlanders in Kerala, 1663–1701: De Memories en Instructies Betreffende het Commandement Malabar van de Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie

12741: 10355: 8871: 8765: 6342: 5112:. About 2 million mostly Christian slaves were exported over the 16th and 17th centuries until the Crimean Khanate was destroyed by the 4391:

period, in the first century BCE. Slavery has been described as "very important in medieval Korea, probably more important than in any other

4365:

who committed crimes such as those dealing with opium became slaves to the begs, this practice was administered by Qing law. Most Chinese in

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after the 16th century. The Dutch, too, largely dealt in Abyssian slaves, known in India as Habshis or Sheedes. Arakan/Bengal, Malabar, and

3426:

The countries that controlled most of the transatlantic slave market in terms of number of slaves shipped were the UK, Portugal and France.

26223: 24953: 18080: 8506: 6321: 6108: 6016: 3634: 3564:

In 1789, the Spanish Crown led an effort to reform slavery, as the demand for slave labour in Cuba was growing. The Crown issued a decree,

1566: 1416: 22202: 21609: 18837: 12881: 6386: 3274:, with mortality rates considerably higher in Africa itself in the process of capturing and transporting indigenous peoples to the ships. 32648: 32220: 29925: 29800: 26206: 24923: 24517: 24049: 9728: 6426: 6357: 5504:, about one-fifth of the population consisted of slaves. The city was a major centre of the slave trade in the 15th and later centuries. 4525: 4297:

of slaves slowed down again, the penalties for crimes against them became harsh again. For example, the famous contemporary female poet

897: 20429:

Japanese Travellers in Sixteenth-century Europe: A Dialogue Concerning the Mission of the Japanese Ambassadors to the Roman Curia (1590)

18983: 9364: 8835: 6381: 6379: 6341: 4551:(who sat on the Viceroy's Council), there were an estimated 8 or 9 million slaves in India in 1841. About 15% of the population of 3369:, were traditionally known as fierce warriors and slave-traders, raiding as far as California. Slavery was hereditary, the slaves being 32262: 30157: 29810: 27779: 27757: 24201: 22196: 17053: 16860: 13907:. Edwin O. Reischauer Institute of Japanese Studies. Harvard University, Edwin O. Reischauer Institute of Japanese Studies. p. 18. 6382: 5551:

had supplied slaves to the Middle East for thousands of years from antiquity until the 1870s. A slave market for captured Russian and

5085: 3162:, London, 1920) believes that for every slave the Arabs brought to the coast at least six died on the way or during the slavers' raid. 2387: 1643: 395: 18353: 18139: 17181: 12719: 11928: 9050: 8543: 6354: 6339: 5411:

to refer to different classes of servitude over the course of history. Interpretation of the textual evidence of classes of slaves in

32341: 32123: 31398: 30853: 30068: 28683: 26883: 26393: 23588: 22346: 20706: 17940: 10106: 6620:

was a late 18th-century British group that campaigned to end slavery. Its members were Africans in London, freed slaves who included

6512: 6427: 5596:

asked him to ensure that the slave trade in Morocco would at least be handled discreet and away from the eyes of foreign wittnesses.

4486: 3448: 845: 15572: 11029: 9485: 6400: 3415:

Slavery in America remains a contentious issue and played a major role in the history and evolution of some countries, triggering a

2781:. Giving slaves legal rights has sometimes been a matter of morality, but also sometimes a matter of self-interest. For example, in 31298: 30662: 28966: 28527: 28089: 27209: 26555:

What is considered a human right is in some cases controversial; not all the topics listed are universally accepted as human rights

26109: 24131: 24019: 23762: 23569: 23343: 18810: 9599: 6431: 6285: 6198: 5030:

were the scene of almost constant Muslim invasion of the predominantly Christian area. Periodic raiding expeditions were sent from

4949: 4719:

was enslaved, although the actual percentage is debated by scholars and varied from region to region. Slaves represented 15–25% of

4098: 2235: 1616: 1436: 609: 19489: 16332: 16060: 12789: 10603: 10274: 8408: 32412: 31512: 31425: 31383: 29917: 29855: 28708: 26788: 26129: 25727: 23663: 15008: 7042:

Historians agree that films have largely shaped historical memories, but they debate issues of accuracy, plausibility, moralism,

6348: 3247: 1779: 17573: 16225:, p. 112: "From the perspective of the Kremlin, Magadan existed as the center of a domestic colony based on slave labor."; 13382:"Korean Nobi in American Mirror: Yi Dynasty Coerced Labor in Comparison to the Slavery in the Antebellum Southern United States" 6528: 3022:

large numbers over the centuries to customers in Egypt, Arabia, the Persian Gulf, India, European colonies in the Far East, the

33319: 32537: 30868: 29897: 29228: 28874: 28579: 28025: 27353: 27348: 27343: 27338: 27333: 27323: 26589: 26529: 26465: 25666: 24380: 24141: 23969: 23954: 23949: 23795: 23506: 23327: 23247: 17818:

then they are lured by the illegal brokers to find work. Some of them end up in brothels and become victims of sex trafficking.

7543: 6880: 5351: 4349:; Chinese transliteration: 包衣阿哈), which is a Manchu word literally translated as "household person" and sometimes rendered as " 2202: 880: 298: 17514: 17209: 12817: 9679: 4926:, Lord Mansfield declared that it was also unsupported within England by the common law. The slave trade was abolished by the 30967: 30358: 29892: 25694: 24275: 24206: 23934: 23279: 23108: 22152: 22126: 22105: 22069: 22030: 22006: 21981: 21956: 21931: 21903: 21878: 21837: 21787: 21758: 21733: 21691: 21666: 21639: 21561: 21537: 21513: 21488: 21467: 21446: 21421: 21393: 21129: 21108: 21077: 21049: 21021: 20996: 20971: 20946: 20917: 20893: 20868: 20843: 20822: 20797: 20772: 20747: 20719: 20675: 20636: 20575: 20550: 20493: 20440: 20410: 20382: 20354: 20326: 20288: 20263: 20232: 20173: 20087: 20062: 20039: 19998: 19952: 19870: 19844: 19821: 19784: 19755: 19726: 19686: 19588: 19560: 19538: 19299: 19233: 19182: 18553: 18390: 18298: 18242: 18214: 17905: 17021: 16910: 16753: 16672: 16453: 16044: 15891: 15860: 15822: 15784: 15753: 15710: 15642: 15526: 15404: 15270: 15228: 15190: 15152: 15050: 15020: 14951: 14926: 14893: 14799: 14685: 14654: 14387: 14355: 14324: 14292: 14254: 14149: 14122: 14077: 14045: 14009: 13971: 13933: 13877: 13833: 13788: 13743: 13712: 13677: 13622: 13588: 13554: 13484: 13442: 13364: 13268: 13230: 13200: 13156: 13075: 13044: 13013: 12857: 12767: 12702: 12672: 12641: 12592: 12536: 12474: 12410: 12271: 12238: 12210: 12098: 12070: 11803: 11708: 11655: 11624: 11400: 11161: 11141: 11107: 11080: 10996: 10901: 10858: 10831: 10777: 10650: 10541: 10460: 10258: 10205: 10167: 9796: 9428: 9226: 9014: 8964: 8885: 8851: 8576: 8457: 8346: 7444: 6723: 6715: 6607: 6524: 6088: 5913:

North Korea's human rights record is often considered to be the worst in the world and has been globally condemned, with the

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to ravage the Iberian Christian kingdoms, bringing back booty and slaves. In a raid against Lisbon in 1189, for example, the

4000: 3350: 2826: 1458: 1135: 907: 21707:

American Negro Slavery: A Survey of the Supply, Employment and Control of Negro Labor as Determined by the Plantation Régime

19078: 16728:

Miers, S. (2003). Slavery in the Twentieth Century: The Evolution of a Global Problem. Storbritannien: AltaMira Press. p. 17

13381: 12062:

The Old Dominion in the Seventeenth Century: A Documentary History of Virginia, 1606–1700: Easyread Super Large 18pt Edition

4497:

feared rampant slavery was having a negative effect on Catholic proselytization, so he commanded that it be banned in 1571.

3439:

In order to establish itself as an American empire, Spain had to fight against the relatively powerful civilizations of the

32682: 32551: 29902: 28584: 27477: 26959: 26757: 24729: 24024: 23846: 23124: 18495:

Chatman, Samuel L. (2000). "'There are no Slaves in France': A Re-Examination of Slave Laws in Eighteenth Century France".

18417:

Dwyer, Philip (2008). "Remembering and Forgetting in Contemporary France: Napoleon, Slavery, and the French History Wars".

16714:

Miers, S. (2003). Slavery in the Twentieth Century: The Evolution of a Global Problem. Storbritannien: AltaMira Press. p.16

10949: 10793: 9662: 9499: 8906: 6508: 6422: 6377: 4169: 3557:; some escaped, but most died from European diseases and overwork. The Spaniards also introduced the first African slaves. 1655: 1611: 1254: 30637: 17656: 17595: 14758: 12362: 10410: 9990:

North, Douglass C.; Thomas, Robert Paul (December 1971). "The Rise and Fall of the Manorial System: A Theoretical Model".

9233:

the Iroquois confederacy, people who practiced a form of captive taking that in some ways looked very like chattel slavery

6355: 6351: 2789:, a proslavery legal treatise reported that slaves accused of crimes typically had a legal right to counsel, freedom from 32636: 32051: 31333: 30554: 30375: 29935: 26916: 26868: 26639: 25878: 25375: 25045: 24958: 24849: 24507: 24327: 23959: 23944: 22932: 17288: 11114:

According to Robert Davis, from the 16th to 19th century, pirates captured 1 million to 1.25 million Europeans as slaves.

6174: 6166: 6158: 6150: 5997:(in which case the practice is called sex trafficking), victims also include men, women and children who are forced into 3299: 3198: 3023: 2871:

region, between 1300 and 1900, close to one-third of the population was enslaved. In early Islamic states of the western

1697: 1329: 989: 840: 636: 545: 34856: 22484: 9525: 6430: 5267:, who survived eight years of Gulag incarceration, provided firsthand testimony about the camps with the publication of 4148:, prisoners are not paid at all for their work. In other states, prisoners are paid between $ 0.12 and $ 1.15 per hour. 32616: 32495: 30559: 30083: 30063: 30042: 24943: 24407: 23463: 23335: 22566: 21725: 21630: 18595: 18177: 17930: 17803: 12427: 12202: 11903: 10927: 9245: 6410: 6346: 5089: 5002: 4316:. According to Japanese historians Sugiyama Masaaki (杉山正明) and Funada Yoshiyuki (舩田善之), Mongolian slaves were owned by 3605:

In the early 17th century, the majority of the labour in Barbados was provided by European indentured servants, mainly

3483: 3320: 1717: 1406: 1160: 17634: 12563: 8738: 8476: 6396: 6394: 6345: 4455:

of 1894. However, slavery did not completely disappear in Korea until 1930, during Imperial Japanese rule. During the

2499:

to the condition of some or all human-owned animals, arguing that their status is comparable to that of human slaves.

2375:. As slavery has been legally outlawed in all countries, forced labour in the present day (frequently referred to as " 32586: 32437: 32162: 31980: 31928: 31479: 30942: 30652: 30336: 30047: 29930: 29773: 28821: 27996: 27784: 27752: 26522: 26310: 26293: 25755: 24581: 24412: 23898: 23876: 23564: 23524: 19613: 18785: 16834: 16292: 15338: 14969: 14535:

26, no. 1 (1936):; D.G.E. Hall, "The Daghregister of Batavia and Dutch Trade with Burma in the Seventeenth Century,"

11955: 11911: 9399: 9194: 9169: 9081: 8815: 8379: 8199: 6417: 5715: 5188:, both those considered undesirable and citizens of conquered countries, with the avowed intention of treating these 4994: 4004: 2422:

than any other category of child labour, often sent to cities by parents living in rural poverty as with the Haitian

2418:

estimated that 200,000 to 300,000 children served as soldiers in then-current conflicts. More girls under 16 work as

1534: 1411: 835: 604: 471: 18028: 17336:

Quackenbush, Casey (December 1, 2017). "The Libyan Slave Trade Has Shocked the World. Here's What You Should Know".

16420:... the shepherd of the oppressed and of the slaves ... If any one buy from the son or the slave of another man 11972:

Galenson, David W. (March 1984). "The Rise and Fall of Indentured Servitude in the Americas: An Economic Analysis".

11241:

Baepler, B. (January 1999). "White Slaves, African Masters: An Anthology of American Barbary Captivity Narratives".

11026:"Revisiting the Zanj and Re-Visioning Revolt: Complexities of the Zanj Conflict – 868–883 AD – slave revolt in Iraq" 10950:""Freedom is a good thing but it means a dearth of slaves": Twentieth Century Solutions to the Abolition of Slavery" 10307: 6392: 6387: 6349: 4328:

of Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands, or Africans, or both) were also purchased as slaves in the Tang dynasty.

3066:

situated in present-day Iraq, is believed to have involved enslaved Zanj that had originally been captured from the

32146: 31303: 30487: 30208: 30181: 29795: 28806: 26503: 26259: 26228: 26124: 25328: 25165: 25065: 24512: 24402: 23612: 23383: 21413: 21322: 21175:

Burczak, Theodore (June 2001). "Ellerman's Labor Theory of Property and the Injustice of Capitalist Exploitation".

19041: 16411: 15115: 9338: 8678: 6891:, the nation's first president of African descent. Some of President Obama's ancestors may have been slave owners. 6372: 6335: 6093: 5592: 5359: 5355: 4976:

brought large numbers of slaves into the Islamic world. To staff its bureaucracy, the Ottoman Empire established a

4788:

repeatedly prohibited it, or at least the export of Christian slaves to non-Christian lands, as for example at the

4468: 4054: 3491: 3063: 3051: 2895: 2817:

Corinthian black-figure terra-cotta votive tablet of slaves working in a mine, dated to the late seventh century BC

2765:

was common in the Southern United States where the state would lease prisoners for their free labour to companies.

1670: 875: 860: 806: 491: 481: 476: 305: 161: 16981: 14551:

Jan Company in Coromandel, 1605–1690: A Study on the Interrelations of European Commerce and Traditional Economies

11043: 6527:

went into effect on January 1, 1808, the importation of slaves into the United States was prohibited, but not the

6429: 6414: 6393: 6378: 6374: 6347: 6336: 5603:

still provided enslaved people from Africa to the Arabian Peninsula after World War II. As recently as the 1960s,

1381: 34596: 32600: 32593: 32325: 31937: 28816: 27896: 26211: 24918: 24419: 24171: 23974: 23554: 23116: 21097: 20512: 20205: 17154: 17105: 16615: 15606: 11974: 10037: 9992: 7354: 6945: 6730:

No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.

6711: 6419: 6404: 6219: 6113: 5784: 5363: 4761: 4275: 4152:

paid inmates an average of $ 0.90 per hour in 2017. Inmates who refuse to work may be indefinitely remanded into

3031: 2502:

The labour market, as institutionalized under contemporary capitalist systems, has been criticized by mainstream

2231: 1665: 1431: 237: 16016: 15947:"Slaves, Money Lenders, and Prisoner Guards:The Jews and the Trade in Slaves and Captivesin the Crimean Khanate" 11303: 9633: 6438: 6407: 6406: 6397: 6373: 6366: 6337: 2773:

Depending upon the era and the country, slaves sometimes had a limited set of legal rights. For example, in the

2708:

were women from low castes in pre modern Korea, who were owned by the state under government officials known as

2464:

is often used as a pejorative to describe any activity in which one is coerced into performing. Some argue that

33819: 33515: 32516: 30150: 29785: 28826: 28589: 27961: 27913: 27184: 27132: 26921: 26818: 26574: 26383: 26240: 24034: 23596: 21998: 21973: 19580: 18305:

1804: With passage of the law excerpted here, New Jersey became the last state in the North to abolish slavery.

17859:"Greenpeace Condemns Biden Administration's Top Tier Ranking of Taiwan in latest Trafficking in Persons Report" 17739: 14978: 13963: 13260: 13222: 13148: 11795: 11647: 11298: 8768:(1970). "Zur Etymologie des Wortes 'Slavus' (Sklave)" [On the etymology of the word 'Slavus' (slave)]. 6543:, a series of political and armed disputes in 1854–1858 as to whether Kansas would join the United States as a 6390: 6385: 6343: 6330: 6182: 5620: 3154:, an eye-witness, believed that for every slave who arrived at a market three or four died on the way ... 1130: 1118: 698: 510: 156: 24181: 19707: 19094:"Watch Gaddafi apologize on behalf of Arabs for their cruel treatment of Africans during the Arab slave trade" 18870: 15685: 11579: 11268: 6770:, the Anti-Slavery Society, and the Norwegian Anti-Slavery Society continue to campaign to eliminate slavery. 6408: 6391: 6388: 6359: 6353: 2969:, sometimes known as the east African slave trade, was multi-directional. Africans were sent as slaves to the 35389: 35178: 32060: 31044: 31007: 30907: 30838: 30824: 30568: 30502: 30078: 29850: 29845: 29329: 28677: 28569: 27981: 27534: 25597: 25313: 24014: 23444: 23271: 23176: 23060: 22927: 22762: 22339: 20963: 20938: 19146: 18734: 17766: 11675: 11129:

Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters: White Slavery in the Mediterranean, The Barbary Coast, and Italy, 1500–1800

9845: 8331:

Allain, Jean (2012). "The Legal Definition of Slavery into the Twenty-First Century". In Allain, Jean (ed.).

6933: 6448: 6384: 6190: 5399:), for example, prescribed death for anyone who helped a slave escape or who sheltered a fugitive. The Bible 5367: 5047: 4774: 4106: 4016: 3429: 3120: 2302:

refers to a marriage where a girl, usually, is married off to a man to settle debts owed by her parents. The

2255: 1852: 1707: 1485: 346: 38: 17262: 6416: 6375: 6340: 5654:

has also provided an estimate of 28.4 million slaves at the end of 2006 divided into three categories:

3081:

The Zanj who were taken as slaves to the Middle East were often used in strenuous agricultural work. As the

2555:

Slavery is more common when the tasks are relatively simple and thus easy to supervise, such as large-scale

2116:

because the term is familiar and shorter, or because it accurately reflects the inhumanity of slavery, with

35619: 32304: 30937: 30073: 29907: 29872: 29823: 29547: 28758: 27931: 26987: 26858: 26453: 26315: 26305: 26298: 26102: 24876: 24824: 23785: 23755: 23604: 23559: 23225: 22916: 22823: 22720: 21505: 14676:. Historical Dictionaries of Religions, Philosophies, and Movements Series (2 ed.). Lanham, Maryland: 11162:"When Europeans Were Slaves: Research Suggests White Slavery Was Much More Common Than Previously Believed" 10446: 9275:

Miers, S. (2003). Slavery in the Twentieth Century: The Evolution of a Global Problem. USA: AltaMira Press.

8270: 6883:

passed a resolution apologizing for American slavery and subsequent discriminatory laws. In June 2009, the

6656:, Wilberforce also campaigned for abolition of slavery in the British Empire, which he lived to see in the 6273: 5938: 3957: 3307: 2700:

Slaves have been owned privately by individuals but have also been under state ownership. For example, the

2633:

Even after slavery became a criminal offense, slave owners could get high returns. According to researcher

2227: 1712: 1551: 1421: 1082: 850: 830: 390: 358: 22496: 22272: 18573: 11069:

Kissling, H. J.; Spuler, Bertold; Barbour, N.; Trimingham, J. S.; Braun, H.; Hartel, H. (August 1, 1997).

6418: 5520:

between 1800 and 1909. In 1908, women slaves were still sold in the Ottoman Empire. German orientalist,

4234:. Slavery was employed largely by governments as a means of maintaining a public labour force. Until the 2419: 2179:, where it was considered a keystone of society. Other places where it was extensively practiced include 77: 34506: 32793: 31505: 31328: 31283: 31211: 30858: 30472: 30027: 30017: 29884: 29092: 28743: 27956: 26684: 26594: 26330: 26146: 25720: 25508: 25360: 24779: 24370: 24316: 23656: 23628: 23529: 23375: 22731: 22036: 21779: 21013: 20907: 19990: 19672: 19426: 18504: 17967: 17488: 16780: 16646: 15883: 15518: 15369: 14111:

A China No Brasil: Influencias, Marcas, Ecos E Sobrevivencias Chinesas Na Sociedade E Na Arte Brasileiras

14038:

A China no Brasil: influências, marcas, ecos e sobrevivências chinesas na sociedade e na arte brasileiras

12664: 12584: 12175: 12157: 12086: 11445:

Lovejoy, Paul E. (1989). "The Impact of the Atlantic Slave Trade on Africa: A Review of the Literature".

11246: 10672: 10481: 10390:(1969). "The Congo Free State and the Belgian Congo before 1914". In Gann, L. H.; Duignan, Peter (eds.). 10159: 8993: 8911:. Vol. 33. Prague: Academia, de l'Academie Tchecoslovaque des Sciences et Lettres. pp. 183–184. 7021: 6789: 6759: 6290: 5908: 5636: 5334:

Applebaum's introduction has been criticized by Gulag researcher Wilson Bell, stating that her book "is,

2376: 2239: 1885: 1772: 1722: 1441: 1359: 486: 267: 87: 17397: 14911: 11426:

Snell, Daniel C. (2011). "Slavery in the Ancient Near East". In Keith Bradley and Paul Cartledge (ed.).

7013:. The revolt failed, and all the rebels were executed, but their spirit lived on according to the film. 6810:

serve as middlemen or roving bands warring with other African nations to capture Africans for Europeans.

6423: 6413: 6370: 6338: 4956: 3918:

Census, Haiti's population consisted of nearly 40,000 whites, 30,000 free coloureds and 450,000 slaves.

3817: 2910:. In the 1470s black Africans were painted as court attendants in wall paintings that were displayed in 35453: 35370: 33588: 33016: 32837: 32502: 32481: 32109: 31996: 31564: 31358: 31262: 31222: 30897: 30497: 30482: 30265: 30007: 29346: 28867: 28672: 28554: 28030: 27487: 27179: 27087: 26561: 26087: 25617: 24392: 24069: 23800: 23140: 22921: 22366: 21870: 20885: 20789: 20764: 20485: 20318: 20303: 20280: 20247: 20079: 19702: 19636: 19529:(1995). "Slave Trade in the Indian Ocean in the Seventeenth Century". In Mathew, Kuzhippalli S. (ed.). 18234: 18156: 15984: 15927: 15852: 15776: 15347: 15220: 15144: 14885: 14791: 13865: 13614: 12528: 12466: 11447: 11431: 10452: 10395: 10338: 10197: 9961: 9760: 8956: 8598: 6827: 6763: 6689: 6681: 6657: 6125: 5942: 5485: 4969: 4931: 4781: 4198: 4121: 4066: 3778:

on the island in 1492. The practice was devastating to the native population. Following the indigenous

3518: 3005:

and brought them to the coast. There, the slaves gradually assimilated in rural areas, particularly on

1626: 1478: 1463: 1354: 550: 220: 20510:

Subrahmanyam, Sanjay (1997). "Slaves and Tyrants: Dutch Tribulations in Seventeenth-Century Mrauk-U".

18950: 16667:. Vol. 2 (Agriculture). Translated by Schick, Robert. Ramallah: Dar Al Nasher. pp. 176–177. 16611:"Slave Trade in the Early Modern Crimea From the Perspective of Christian, Muslim, and Jewish Sources" 15602:"Slave Trade in the Early Modern Crimea From the Perspective of Christian, Muslim, and Jewish Sources" 12370: 10275:"Louis Dor (Saturday 30 April 2016) Kim Jong-un is recruiting a new 'pleasure squad' of teenage girls" 6748: 6652:

was passed by the British Parliament on March 25, 1807, making the slave trade illegal throughout the

5454:). These slaves were trafficked to the Arab world from Africa via the Trans-Saharan slave trade, the 4256:'s son Wang Huo murdered a slave, Wang Mang severely criticized him and forced him to commit suicide”( 3805: 2341:

A Black family works a cotton plantation in Mississippi. The subtitle says "We done dis' all mornin'".

34041: 33394: 33212: 33021: 32778: 32387: 32297: 32255: 31469: 31109: 30962: 30957: 30143: 30032: 29972: 28836: 28831: 28652: 28326: 28237: 28116: 26906: 26848: 26403: 26247: 24970: 24784: 24681: 24561: 24223: 24191: 23856: 23790: 23699: 23437: 23100: 23068: 22833: 21750: 21625: 21100: 21041: 20224: 19221:

D.W. Griffith's The Birth of a Nation: A History of the Most Controversial Motion Picture of All Time

17686: 15923: 15745: 14246: 13389: 13067: 13036: 12402: 12363:"African Heritage and Memories of Slavery in Brazil and the South Atlantic World By Ana Lucia Araujo" 11467: 10250: 9218: 9137:

Burkholder, Mark A.; Johnson, Lyman L. (2019). "1. America, Iberia, and Africa Before the Conquest".

8712: 8622: 7737: 7241: 7211: 7030: 6983: 6972: 6822:

of Benin issued a national apology for the central role Africans played in the Atlantic slave trade.

6552: 6532: 6363: 5766: 5584: 5274: 4940: 4673: 4638: 4456: 4149: 4102: 3598: 3542: 2938: 2618: 2210: 2191: 2176: 1727: 1621: 1152: 1140: 730: 703: 208: 22611: 20470: 19262: 19204: 17994: 17887: 17720: 16838: 16558: 16373: 16314: 10563: 10533: 7033:

about the teaching of Christianity to slaves in Cuba, and emphasizes the role of ritual and revolt.

6535:

only in 1863. Many American abolitionists took an active role in opposing slavery by supporting the

6516: 5871:

trying to get to Europe through Libya and selling them on slave markets or holding them hostage for

5690:

asserts that new forms of contemporary slavery have been created in the post-Cold War era of global

5672:

society is traditionally hierarchical, ranging from nobles, through vassals, to dark-skinned slaves.

4948:

in Scotland, miners were bonded to their "maisters" by a 1606 Act "Anent Coalyers and Salters". The

3787: 3711: 3460: 3447:

conquest of the indigenous peoples in the Americas included using the Natives as forced labour. The

35609: 33744: 33665: 33595: 33036: 32949: 32764: 32722: 32675: 32348: 31792: 31598: 31012: 30736: 30447: 30186: 29977: 29967: 29324: 29136: 28841: 28811: 28502: 28304: 28063: 28020: 27986: 27492: 27482: 27164: 26952: 26863: 26828: 26773: 26659: 26020: 25230: 25118: 24965: 24734: 24666: 24489: 24444: 24306: 24186: 24163: 24099: 24029: 23913: 23148: 22793: 22332: 22075: 21459:

Remembering Slavery: African Americans Talk About Their Personal Experiences of Slavery and Freedom

21438: 20758: 20021: 19862: 19809:

A Look at the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments: Slavery Abolished, Equal Protection Established

17663:. United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. February 17, 2014. p. 365. 16469: 16372:

Barenberg, Alan; Bell, Wilson T.; Kinnear, Sean; Maddox, Steven; Viola, Lynne (November 14, 2017).

16012: 12946: 12507: 11587: 11191: 10922: 10642: 9420: 9368: 8104: 7386: 6641: 5583:

to Arabia and Aden, while weak slaves being thrown in the sea; or across the Sahara desert via the

5576: 5463: 5050:, Portugal, in 1191, took 3,000 Christian slaves. From the 11th to the 19th century, North African 5023: 4986: 4935: 4793: 4651: 4560: 4309: 4129: 3047: 2966: 2616:

and the end of slavery, and Smith's criticism of masters, past and present. As Smith stated in the

2409: 2214: 1933: 1835:. Although slavery is usually involuntary and involves coercion, there are also cases where people 1502: 1371: 924: 713: 198: 99: 22588: 21480:

Slavery by Another Name: The re-enslavement of black americans from the civil war to World War Two

19553:

Ceylon and the Dutch: 1600-1800: External Influences and Internal Change in Early Modern Sri Lanka

18680: 17287:

Xu, Vicky Xiuzhong; Cave, Danielle; Leiboid, James; Munro, Kelsey; Ruser, Nathan (February 2020).

8891: 5338:, a well-done overview of the Gulag, but it did not offer an interpretative framework much beyond 3353:. Slave-owning people of what became Canada were, for example, the fishing societies, such as the 1831:. Slaves may be kept in bondage for life, or for a fixed period of time after which they would be 378: 35629: 35482: 35438: 35084: 33911: 33739: 33600: 32607: 32530: 32446: 32283: 32095: 31667: 31445: 31237: 30892: 30563: 30124: 30022: 29957: 28768: 28647: 28549: 28487: 28299: 27926: 27813: 27747: 27665: 26569: 26493: 26413: 26218: 26158: 26136: 25863: 25684: 25513: 25493: 25355: 25345: 25303: 24933: 24774: 24631: 24626: 24596: 24591: 24534: 24469: 24454: 24387: 24360: 24345: 23748: 23018: 22942: 22864: 22747: 22399: 22264:

Archives of the Middelburgsche Commercie Compagnie (MCC), 1720–1889 'Trade Company of Middelburg'

22241: 21895: 21715: 21701: 21087: 20988: 20814: 20739: 20711: 20567: 20165: 20031: 19969: 19678: 19653: 19291: 19225: 19008: 17935: 17734: 15814: 15396: 15365: 14677: 14646: 13825: 13780: 13356: 12877: 12314: 11679: 10525: 9308:

Cite error: The named reference "BBC" was defined multiple times with different content (see the

9142: 8998: 8338: 8096: 7403: 6908: 6842: 6777: 6551:, beginning in 1861, led to the end of slavery in the United States. In 1863, Lincoln issued the 6278: 6263: 5864: 5632: 5628: 5604: 5250: 5016: 4896:

respectively. The trade particularly picked up after the Viking invasions, with major markets at

4684:

had the largest slave population, with as many as 80,000 in the 6th and 5th centuries BC. As the

4642: 4388: 4217: 4161: 4157: 4008: 3346: 2658: 2251: 2172: 1692: 1426: 1376: 1304: 1077: 855: 799: 782: 213: 17: 24571: 19424:

Berlin, Ira (2004). "American Slavery in History and Memory and the Search for Social Justice".

18088: 17661:

Report of the Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea

14822: 7876: 4904:

supplied by Danish, Mercian, and Welsh raiding of one another's borderlands. At the time of the

4796:(which aimed mainly at the sale of English slaves to Ireland) and the Council of Armagh (1171). 3824:, carried out by Haitian soldiers, mostly former slaves, against the remaining French population 3525:, as the result of a civil case. This was the first instance of a judicial determination in the 3498:

and his associates, though English slave-trading would not take off until the mid-17th century.

3239:

caravan route, and eleven to twenty million (depending on the author) across the Atlantic Ocean.

35525: 35183: 34866: 34730: 33987: 33715: 33655: 33625: 33334: 33202: 33195: 33190: 32726: 32523: 32213: 31921: 31894: 31767: 31619: 31498: 31363: 31158: 30917: 30393: 30341: 30331: 30319: 29982: 29611: 29353: 28622: 28574: 28544: 28381: 28349: 28339: 28156: 28141: 28121: 28003: 27774: 27769: 27049: 26599: 26584: 26378: 26281: 26201: 26030: 25971: 25873: 25770: 25713: 25612: 25585: 25575: 25055: 25035: 24898: 24769: 24661: 24606: 24576: 24556: 24484: 24464: 24439: 24434: 24429: 24340: 24311: 24284: 24255: 24250: 24176: 23841: 23831: 23649: 23641: 23402: 23319: 22808: 22636: 22519: 22502: 22423: 22214: 22186: 21617: 18135: 17236: 16802: 15176: 15093: 12432: 12263: 8925:"Slave or Enslaved Person? It's not just an academic debate for historians of American slavery" 8516: 8363: 7706: 6922: 6797: 6586: 6248: 6140: 5792: 5489: 5339: 5264: 4973: 4945: 4665: 4591: 4062: 4050: 3887: 3795: 3705: 3639: 3570:(Spanish Black Code), that specified food and clothing provisions, put limits on the number of 3189: 2868: 2867:

Slavery was widespread in Africa, which pursued both internal and external slave trade. In the

2778: 1765: 1734: 1234: 975: 887: 735: 459: 425: 420: 31: 21773: 21499: 21093:

Children of Bondage: A Social History of the Slave Society at the Cape of Good Hope, 1652–1838

20479: 19807: 19120:"Brattle Consultants Quantify Reparations for Transatlantic Chattel Slavery in Pro Bono Paper" 18754: 18262: 18113: 17075:"'Modern-day slavery': State Dept. says millions of human trafficking victims go unidentified" 16739: 16034: 15877: 15770: 15256: 15138: 14562:

For exports of Malabar slaves to Ceylon, Batavia, see Generale Missiven VI; H.K. s'Jacob ed.,

14463: 14341: 14240: 13919: 13869: 13819: 13774: 13729: 13608: 13540: 13470: 13254: 12999: 12843: 12658: 12125: 12060: 11862: 11390: 11097: 11070: 10982: 10848: 10667: 10191: 9736: 9459:

Farazmand, Ali (1998). "Persian/Iranian Administrative Tradition". In Shafritz, Jay M. (ed.).

9006: 8950: 5990:

women and girls, and up to 50% are minors, reports the U.S. State Department in a 2008 study.

3671:, as they were made up of slaves from different African ethnicities. These tribes include the 35433: 35257: 35074: 34787: 34245: 34101: 33774: 33769: 33458: 33367: 33284: 33267: 33247: 33098: 32956: 32934: 32736: 32509: 32460: 32311: 32081: 31415: 31340: 31247: 31163: 31148: 31102: 31097: 30972: 30612: 30539: 30534: 30405: 30248: 30195: 30037: 30012: 30002: 29992: 29987: 29840: 28908: 28860: 28564: 28559: 28497: 28442: 28391: 28013: 27549: 27522: 27194: 27122: 26911: 26719: 26709: 26674: 26433: 26325: 26320: 26235: 26196: 26003: 25998: 25580: 25540: 25473: 25370: 25318: 25245: 25000: 24764: 24671: 24646: 24641: 24621: 24616: 24611: 24551: 24499: 24459: 24365: 24335: 24233: 23851: 23351: 23287: 22900: 22874: 22772: 22536: 22471: 22393: 22277: 22210: 20581: 20073: 19982: 19776: 19747: 19316: 19285: 18288: 18054: 17628: 17011: 15660:"Ransoming Captives in Crusader Spain: The Order of Merced on the Christian-Islamic Frontier" 15512: 15341: 15298: 15262: 15214: 15040: 14879: 14785: 14640: 14278: 14115:

China in Brazil: Influences, Marks, Echoes and Chinese Survivals in Brazilian Society and Art

13957: 13815: 13770: 13350: 13216: 13142: 13091: 13061: 13030: 12723: 12578: 12522: 12396: 11694: 11641: 11614: 11514: 11487: 10767: 10153: 9782: 8443: 8275: 7963: 7645: 7508: 7492: 7081: 6996: 6978: 6966: 6544: 5896: 5855:

have each sourced products from these factories prior to the publication of the ASPI report.

5681: 5400: 5269: 5135: 4915: 4646: 4186: 4033: 3985: 3856: 3802:) was based on slavery, and the practice there was regarded as the most brutal in the world. 3213: 3169:

Systems of servitude and slavery were common in parts of Africa, as they were in much of the

2449: 2435: 2330:

has also been used to refer to a legal state of dependency to somebody else. For example, in

2307: 2270: 2108: 1995:

According to the widespread view, which has been known since the 18th century, the Byzantine

1596: 1451: 1364: 1349: 1031: 1019: 765: 750: 535: 310: 232: 203: 21705: 20025: 18814: 16868: 15808: 12631: 7698: 7393: 6776:

has been working to break the silence surrounding the memory of slavery since 1994, through

6667:

to follow suit, notably France and the British colonies. Between 1808 and 1860, the British

4880:

In Britain, slavery continued to be practiced following the fall of Rome, while sections of

3733:

was established in 1532, as members of one tribe would enslave captured members of another.

2925: 2465: 35345: 35272: 34705: 34653: 34447: 34225: 33901: 33866: 33705: 33289: 33272: 33153: 33128: 33026: 32877: 32847: 32832: 32426: 32185: 32074: 31746: 31373: 31153: 30952: 30702: 30098: 30093: 29997: 29867: 29818: 29212: 29178: 29163: 28999: 28946: 28632: 28408: 28361: 28181: 28176: 27951: 27946: 27921: 27861: 27705: 27642: 27512: 27427: 27265: 26838: 26798: 26679: 26388: 26254: 25898: 25835: 25805: 25790: 25775: 25451: 24985: 24859: 24686: 24566: 24524: 24474: 24449: 24265: 24228: 23964: 23826: 23549: 23539: 23201: 23092: 22985: 22787: 22252: 21031: 19944: 19911:"Out of the Land of Bondage": The English Revolution and the Atlantic Origins of Abolition" 19166: 19037: 18357: 17600: 17375: 16437: 15438: 14857: 13811: 13766: 12727: 12392: 11932: 11749:

Ames, Kenneth M. (June 2001). "Slaves, Chiefs and Labour on the Northern Northwest Coast".

9812: 8285: 8140: 7953: 6819: 6801: 6740: 6668: 6649: 6536: 6120: 5745: 5616: 5512:

the Empire from Europe and Africa. It has been estimated that some 200,000 slaves – mainly

5475: 5377: 4927: 4576: 4153: 4137: 4038: 3989: 3911: 3895: 3775: 3618: 3406: 3283: 3206: 3178: 3142: 2842: 2808: 2774: 2609: 2206: 2144: 1739: 1638: 1601: 1529: 1473: 1342: 1299: 1113: 1043: 718: 498: 400: 284: 191: 45: 35054: 18897: 18507:

on behalf of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History: 144–153.

18318: 16738:

Veenhoven, Willem Adriaan; Ewing, Winifred Crum; Samenlevingen, Stichting Plurale (1975).

11518: 10110: 5088:

with the Ottoman Empire and the Middle East. The slaves were captured in southern Russia,

3794:

the indigenous people, began engaging in earnest in the use of African slaves. During the

8: 35614: 35238: 35163: 34851: 34700: 34663: 34262: 34230: 34118: 33928: 33814: 33710: 33645: 33583: 33545: 33451: 33399: 33372: 33163: 33143: 33011: 32996: 32857: 32741: 32668: 32362: 32102: 31131: 31122: 31087: 30863: 30492: 30297: 29482: 29287: 29262: 29242: 29146: 28537: 28532: 28470: 28418: 28136: 28104: 28094: 27976: 27966: 27502: 27497: 27318: 27298: 27219: 27139: 27117: 27097: 26945: 26888: 26609: 26604: 26579: 26408: 26163: 26042: 25795: 25627: 25488: 25123: 25025: 25005: 24794: 24702: 24656: 24636: 24601: 24494: 24289: 24094: 23544: 23156: 22947: 22854: 22736: 22695: 22690: 22583: 22177: 21948: 21059: 20364: 20336: 20188: 20054: 19854: 19645: 18465: 16166:

Kleine Ostarbeiter: Child Forced Labor in Nazi Germany and German Occupied Eastern Europe

16001: 14864: 14527:(Princeton, N.J., 1984); G.D. Winius, "The 'Shadow Empire' of Goa in the Bay of Bengal," 13735: 12688: 11254: 10918:"Slow Death for Slavery: The Course of Abolition in Northern Nigeria, 1897–1936 (review)" 10741: 10132: 9939: 9788: 8300: 8256: 7920: 7887: 7797: 7601: 6858: 6637: 6611: 6488: 5994: 5738: 5600: 5580: 5548: 5508: 5479: 5467: 5459: 5166: 5068: 5055: 5027: 4930:, although slavery remained legal in possessions outside Europe until the passage of the 4823:

bull of 1455. Large-scale trading in slaves was mainly confined to the South and East of

4757: 4753: 4580: 4043: 4022: 3981: 3821: 3627: 3587: 3236: 3105: 3067: 2982: 2962: 2821:

Slavery predates written records and has existed in many cultures. Slavery is rare among

2547:) appear and disappear. One theoretical model is that slavery becomes more desirable for 2507: 2334:, the situations and lives of such slaves could be better than those of common citizens. 2218: 1222: 1202: 1087: 1072: 941: 912: 902: 792: 740: 708: 505: 363: 331: 326: 279: 136: 30280: 18705: 17830: 14611:"Slavery in Nineteenth-Century Northern Thailand: Archival Anecdotes and Village Voices" 10578: 6663:

After the 1807 act abolishing the slave trade was passed, these campaigners switched to

6511:

sparked a discussion about the right to enslave Native Americans. A prominent critic of

4624:

occurred on islands in the Pacific Ocean and Australia, especially in the 19th century.

3929:

in human history, precipitated the end of slavery in all French colonies, which came in

3173:. In many African societies where slavery was prevalent, the slaves were not treated as 3074:. It grew to involve over 500,000 slaves and free men who were imported from across the 2653: 35549: 35448: 34601: 34474: 34382: 34303: 33923: 33685: 33670: 33232: 33217: 33138: 33123: 32574: 32474: 32467: 32369: 32132: 31681: 31674: 31612: 31405: 31288: 31054: 31017: 30977: 30912: 30627: 29639: 29621: 29616: 29604: 29438: 29257: 29237: 29207: 28989: 28961: 28637: 28601: 28465: 28354: 28334: 28207: 28171: 28058: 28040: 27971: 27612: 27472: 27452: 27407: 27308: 27293: 26926: 26803: 26729: 26624: 26438: 26418: 26077: 26008: 25976: 25943: 25933: 25815: 25400: 25395: 25385: 25333: 25323: 25298: 25240: 25198: 25108: 25103: 25098: 25010: 24301: 23498: 22777: 22548: 22447: 21596: 21547: 21360: 21308: 21300: 21283:

Pole, J. R. (June 1977). "Review: Slavery and Revolution: The Conscience of the Rich".

21250: 21229: 21200: 21192: 21163: 20458: 20432: 20392: 20136: 19897: 19893: 19443: 19406: 19344: 19192: 18524: 18516: 18477: 18473: 18438: 18323: 17708: 17371: 17058: 16985: 16951: 16393: 16338: 16302: 16068: 15920:

The Mutual Effects of the Islamic and Judeo-Christian Worlds: The East European Pattern

15315: 14990: 14740: 14442: 14434: 14202: 12928: 12256: 11999: 11991: 11772: 11764: 11724: 11523: 11133: 10815: 10611: 10551: 10415: 10062: 10054: 10017: 10009: 9529: 9116: 9046: 8777: 8416: 6918: 6793: 6704: 6664: 6628:

and other leading members of London's black community. It was closely connected to the

6548: 6232: 6227: 6098: 5922: 5828: 5677: 5564: 5556: 5471: 5423: 4923: 4889: 4770: 4749: 4701: 4556: 4548: 4185:, 2,500 incarcerated workers fought wildfires for only $ 1 per hour through the CDCR's 4110: 4078: 3965: 3950: 3922: 3538: 3503: 3420: 3416: 3082: 2965:, slaves were transported from Africa across the Red Sea to the Arabian Peninsula. The 2802: 2568: 2473: 2468:

and other forms of coerced government labour constitute "state-operated slavery." Some

2415: 1468: 1314: 1289: 1279: 1244: 1239: 1207: 1172: 1165: 1106: 1099: 956: 775: 770: 760: 530: 383: 341: 336: 289: 257: 247: 184: 30260: 23024: 22429: 18382:

The Abolitions of Slavery: From L. F. Sonthonax to Victor Schoelcher, 1793, 1794, 1848

17906:"Swaziland: Students in Taiwan Forced to Work 'Like Slaves' in Frozen Chicken Factory" 16861:"Inaugural Global Slavery Index Reveals More Than 29 Million People Living In Slavery" 11880: 4373: 3529:

holding that a person who had committed no crime could be held in servitude for life.

3088: 2584:

and later in Rome – was not applied to ease physical labour or improve manufacturing.

405: 351: 35559: 35515: 35496: 34946: 34886: 34584: 34457: 34452: 34046: 33846: 33836: 33789: 33463: 33277: 33133: 33068: 32961: 32862: 32751: 32746: 32731: 32567: 32544: 32333: 32318: 32290: 32276: 31989: 31852: 31550: 31368: 31308: 31168: 31034: 30902: 30793: 30549: 30524: 29644: 29562: 29299: 29252: 29190: 29019: 28748: 28728: 28460: 28425: 28257: 28151: 28131: 28050: 27903: 27838: 27517: 27467: 27442: 27402: 27397: 27328: 27174: 26833: 26793: 26746: 26694: 26619: 26097: 26062: 26052: 26013: 25953: 25903: 25825: 25810: 25780: 25659: 25570: 25498: 25483: 25282: 25225: 25030: 24938: 24829: 24749: 24586: 23881: 23410: 22996: 22880: 22593: 22258:

Mémoire St Barth (archives & history of slavery, slave trade and their abolition)

22148: 22122: 22101: 22065: 22026: 22002: 21977: 21952: 21927: 21899: 21874: 21851: 21843: 21833: 21783: 21754: 21729: 21687: 21662: 21635: 21588: 21557: 21533: 21509: 21484: 21463: 21442: 21417: 21389: 21379: 21364: 21312: 21204: 21167: 21125: 21104: 21073: 21045: 21017: 20992: 20967: 20942: 20913: 20889: 20864: 20839: 20818: 20793: 20768: 20743: 20729: 20715: 20701: 20689: 20681: 20671: 20632: 20571: 20546: 20529: 20489: 20446: 20436: 20406: 20378: 20350: 20340: 20322: 20284: 20259: 20228: 20169: 20140: 20128: 20083: 20058: 20035: 19994: 19948: 19901: 19866: 19840: 19817: 19813: 19780: 19770: 19751: 19722: 19682: 19619: 19609: 19584: 19556: 19534: 19336: 19295: 19229: 19178: 19073: 18791: 18781: 18549: 18528: 18386: 18328: 18294: 18238: 18210: 17017: 17007: 16956: 16928:"Mali's Other Crisis: Slavery Still Plagues Mali, And Insurgency Could Make It Worse" 16906: 16749: 16668: 16525: 16449: 16445: 16397: 16164: 16040: 16006:"The Sultan's Raiders: The Military Role of the Crimean Tatars in the Ottoman Empire" 15887: 15856: 15818: 15780: 15749: 15706: 15638: 15547: 15522: 15400: 15320: 15266: 15224: 15186: 15148: 15046: 15016: 14947: 14922: 14889: 14795: 14744: 14732: 14681: 14650: 14446: 14383: 14351: 14320: 14288: 14250: 14225: 14155: 14145: 14118: 14073: 14041: 14005: 13967: 13929: 13873: 13858: 13829: 13784: 13739: 13708: 13618: 13584: 13550: 13480: 13438: 13434: 13360: 13264: 13226: 13196: 13152: 13103: 13071: 13040: 13009: 12932: 12920: 12853: 12709:

Based on "records for 27,233 voyages that set out to obtain slaves for the Americas".

12698: 12692: 12668: 12637: 12588: 12532: 12470: 12406: 12267: 12234: 12206: 12094: 12066: 12003: 11951: 11907: 11799: 11776: 11751: 11704: 11651: 11620: 11528: 11396: 11201: 11137: 11103: 11076: 10992: 10897: 10854: 10827: 10773: 10745: 10646: 10537: 10502: 10456: 10420: 10254: 10201: 10163: 10066: 10021: 9864: 9792: 9424: 9395: 9222: 9190: 9165: 9099: 9077: 9010: 8960: 8881: 8847: 8811: 8734: 8660: 8453: 8375: 8342: 8156: 8062: 7841: 7414: 7314: 7117: 7010: 6988: 6696: 6103: 5981: 5719: 5695: 5687: 5389: 5388:

In the earliest known records, slavery is treated as an established institution. The

5147: 5143: 4824: 4705: 4572: 4447: 4439: 4113:, with slavery legally ceasing as an institution following the war in December 1865. 3977: 3961: 3837: 3829: 3783: 3726: 3696: 3661:(literally meaning "brown negroes", that is "pale-skinned negroes"), and in Dutch as 3526: 3342: 3303: 3227:(from the ninth to the nineteenth).... Four million enslaved people exported via the 3163: 3155: 2970: 2954: 2862: 2850: 2834: 2625: 2612:, or what Comte called the "separation of the spiritual and the temporal" during the 2357: 2331: 2223: 2195: 2168: 1917: 1867: 1836: 1556: 1274: 1269: 1212: 1197: 1177: 999: 994: 929: 892: 725: 691: 520: 373: 262: 141: 30573: 21866:

Final Freedom: The Civil War, the Abolition of Slavery, and the Thirteenth Amendment

18845: 18545:

Though the Heavens May Fall: The Landmark Trial that Led to the End of Human Slavery

11554: 9962:"Constitution Society – Advocates and enforcers of the U.S. and State Constitutions" 5043: 3146: 2543:

Economists have modeled the circumstances under which slavery (and variants such as

2526:. Socialists draw parallels between the trade of labour as a commodity and slavery. 35604: 35467: 35247: 35121: 35021: 35001: 34896: 34876: 34841: 34135: 34053: 33894: 33871: 33809: 33615: 33610: 33573: 33324: 33257: 33222: 33168: 33051: 33001: 32929: 32867: 32488: 32453: 32199: 32178: 32067: 32026: 31716: 31141: 30810: 30763: 30731: 30657: 30595: 30578: 30544: 30477: 30442: 30437: 30415: 30410: 30346: 30324: 30228: 30203: 30166: 30088: 29962: 29862: 29692: 29500: 29390: 29341: 29314: 29067: 29062: 28915: 28718: 28507: 28475: 28435: 28430: 28227: 28217: 28035: 27866: 27823: 27796: 27791: 27650: 27617: 27607: 27457: 27385: 27189: 27127: 27107: 27092: 26823: 26739: 26704: 26191: 26168: 26151: 26141: 26119: 26082: 26072: 26057: 26047: 25966: 25961: 25938: 25928: 25622: 25607: 25535: 25456: 25426: 25257: 25093: 24799: 24355: 24350: 24196: 24089: 23209: 22964: 22655: 22490: 22287: 21825: 21580: 21523: 21352: 21331: 21292: 21271: 21221: 21184: 21155: 20860: 20663: 20521: 20251: 20120: 20105: 19922: 19889: 19766: 19737: 19435: 19398: 19328: 19170: 18508: 18469: 18430: 18206: 17931:"Exploitation cases of Sri Lankan students in Taiwan expose education sector flaws" 17836: 16745: 16624: 16441: 16385: 15958: 15615: 15310: 14982: 14724: 14426: 13188: 12912: 12849: 12785: 12558: 11983: 11756: 11250: 10988: 10737: 10727: 10529: 10046: 10001: 9854: 9742: 9108: 9002: 8650: 8109: 8054: 7933: 7928: 7567: 7337: 7270: 7219: 7169: 7127: 7003: 6956: 5868: 5800: 5727: 5560: 5540: 5241: 5181: 5051: 4997:, the goal of which was to loot and capture slaves for selling them to Ottomans as 4828: 4818: 4681: 4677: 4660: 4598:

were slaves. Enslaved people made up about two-thirds of the population in part of

4552: 4533: 4529: 4517: 4384: 4283: 4225: 4216:

recording the purchase of a 15-year-old slave for six bolts of plain silk and five

3996: 3771: 3451:

were the first Europeans to use African slaves in the New World on islands such as

3370: 3151: 3036: 2782: 2754: 2259: 2247: 2180: 1751: 1324: 1319: 1309: 1284: 1249: 1217: 1187: 1060: 1048: 1026: 1004: 951: 787: 755: 57: 31066: 21944:

Towards a Comparative Political Economy of Unfree Labour: Case Studies and Debates

20957: 19743:

Women and Slavery: Africa, the Indian Ocean world, and the medieval north Atlantic

18735:"Pope Francis And Other Religious Leaders Sign Declaration Against Modern Slavery" 17915: 16389: 15543: 13905:

Reflections on Modern Japanese History in the Context of the Concept of "genocide"

13640:"The rarely, if ever, told story of Japanese sold as slaves by Portuguese traders" 12771: 11696:

Race and Ethnicity in America: From Pre-contact to the Present [4 volumes]

11165: 5645:

Modern incidence of slavery, as a percentage of the population, by country (2024).

5607:

was estimated at 300,000. Along with Yemen, the Saudis abolished slavery in 1962.

5528:, belonging to Ottoman Syria, in 1899, and that boys could be bought as slaves in 5054:

engaged in raids on European coastal towns to capture Christian slaves to sell at

3960:

was the legal institution of human chattel enslavement, primarily of Africans and

3941: 3667:. The Maroons gradually developed several independent tribes through a process of 3621:

and native American slaves providing little of the workforce. The introduction of

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Death By Fishing: How Taiwan's Seafood Got Tainted With Blood | CNA Correspondent

17418: 17353: 16606: 16584: 15942: 15846: 15739: 15700: 15597: 15420: 14853: 14671: 14139: 13995: 13578: 13428: 13393: 13099: 13005: 12460: 11127: 10887: 10732: 10696: 9816: 8930: 8867: 8795: 8737:(1981). "Самое последнее слово цивилизации". In В. Г. Базанов и др., ИРЛИ (ed.). 8708: 8449: 8371: 8332: 8295: 8169: 8146: 8002: 7304: 7177: 7135: 6895: 6868: 6865: 6767: 6744: 6633: 6625: 6621: 6575: 6540: 6253: 6145: 6135: 6130: 5750: 5641: 5123: 5081: 5062: 5039: 5035: 4961: 4919: 4801: 4785: 4697: 4400: 4340: 4264: 4125: 4094: 3969: 3926: 3730: 3652: 3614: 3464: 3332: 3267: 3170: 2846: 2822: 2790: 2762: 2444: 2243: 2242:

in 1950–1951, legal chattel slavery still existed only in the Arabian Peninsula:

1966: 1929: 1925: 1660: 1546: 1541: 1294: 1264: 1259: 982: 946: 745: 663: 368: 114: 33660: 22308:; Office To Monitor And Combat Trafficking In Persons, U.S. Department of State. 22305: 22189:: a searchable database of 25,000 scholarly works on slavery and the slave trade 21343:

Woltjer, Geert (March 1996). "Book review: Property and Contract in Economics".

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In the Matter of Color: Race and the American Legal Process: The Colonial Period

18923: 17623: 17539: 17462: 16688: 16108: 14728: 13731:

Race, Ethnicity and Migration in Modern Japan: Imagined and imaginary minorities

12037: 11351: 11325: 10956: 10801: 10081: 10035:

Domar, Evsey D. (March 1970). "The Causes of Slavery or Serfdom: A Hypothesis".

9655: 9288: 8639:"What Does the Slave Trade in the Saqaliba Tell Us about Early Islamic Slavery?" 7892: 5650:

Labour Organization provided an estimate of 12.3 million forced labourers.

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introduced a law preventing the sale of slaves overseas. According to historian

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and were required to provide entertainment to the aristocracy. In the 2020s, in

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The Hidden Gulag: The Lives and Voices of "those Who Are Sent to the Mountains"

21829: 21821: 21658: 20667: 20659: 20220:

Beyond the Pass: Economy, Ethnieitya and Empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759-1564

19936: 19880:

Dobson, Miriam (October 2012). "Stalin's Gulag: Death, Redemption and Memory".

19646:"Research Guides: American Women: Resources from the Law Library: Introduction" 19548: 19526: 19514: 19174: 18426: 18258: 17128: 16807: 16628: 16328: 15619: 15140:

The Cambridge Economic History of Europe: Trade and industry in the Middle Ages

15066: 15036: 14918: 14762: 14117:] (in Portuguese). UNICAMP. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. p. 19. 10498: 10360: 9464: 9342: 8511: 8280: 8182: 8122: 8026: 7761: 7711: 7671: 7609: 7572: 7559: 7365: 7182: 7089: 7043: 6835: 6831: 6752: 6653: 6644:, to make the issue his own and was also given support by reformed Evangelical 6617: 6268: 6083: 6078: 6068: 5918: 5914: 5836: 5812: 5703: 5651: 5552: 5517: 5501: 5497: 5445: 5233: 5229: 5131: 5113: 4911: 4893: 4885: 4874: 4843: 4839: 4736: 4693: 4685: 4494: 4248: 4058: 3907: 3903: 3841: 3799: 3606: 3487: 3444: 3366: 3271: 3259: 3232: 3194: 3181:

elsewhere in the world. The forms of slavery in Africa were closely related to

3055: 2888: 2684: 2634: 2480: 2469: 2439: 2299: 2288: 2039: 1953: 1913: 1889: 1744: 1633: 525: 166: 124: 35101: 22173: 21296: 21275: 21212:

Devine, Pat (November 1, 1993). "Review: Property and Contract in Economics".

21188: 20370:

Slavery in the United States: A Social, Political, and Historical Encyclopedia

20124: 19965:

History of Black Americans: From Africa to the emergence of the cotton kingdom

17296: 14717:

Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Romanistische Abteilung

14430: 13176: 11987: 11760: 10050: 10005: 9902: 9184: 9112: 8655: 8638: 6976:(1939) became controversial because they gave a favourable depiction. In 1940 6475:

abolished slavery in 17 CE but the ban was overturned after his assassination.

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Chattel slavery lasted in most of the Middle East until the 20th-century. The

5310:

Historian Anne Applebaum writes in the introduction of her book that the word

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A model showing a cross-section of a typical 1700s European slave ship on the

35598: 35545: 35511: 35413: 35365: 35011: 34996: 34941: 34735: 34690: 34678: 34572: 34567: 34501: 34481: 34252: 34125: 34096: 33794: 33764: 33695: 33680: 33531: 33344: 33339: 33309: 33185: 33148: 32986: 32981: 32976: 32924: 32812: 32760: 32192: 31912: 31901: 31702: 31136: 31061: 30997: 30927: 30788: 30778: 30758: 30746: 30714: 30509: 30430: 30363: 30292: 30253: 29631: 29428: 29217: 29087: 29077: 29035: 29009: 29004: 28941: 28901: 28738: 28657: 28642: 28627: 28398: 28376: 28282: 28166: 28099: 28073: 28008: 27851: 27808: 27803: 27655: 27539: 27437: 27159: 27012: 26997: 26873: 26808: 26689: 26276: 25923: 25888: 25800: 25760: 25644: 25267: 25203: 25188: 25050: 25015: 24995: 24866: 24809: 24744: 24136: 24039: 23672: 23001: 22980: 22952: 22890: 22849: 22838: 22798: 22757: 22752: 22715: 22661: 22465: 22435: 22136: 21855: 21813: 21592: 21159: 20693: 20651: 20561: 20533: 20450: 20155: 19340: 18434: 18332: 17393: 17338: 16960: 16660: 15962: 15324: 14736: 14001: 13959:

Selling Women: Prostitution, Markets, and the Household in Early Modern Japan

13192: 13172: 13107: 13063:

Code, Custom, and Legal Practice in China: The Qing and the Republic Compared

12924: 11863:"Sicut Dudem -Against the Enslavement of Black Natives of the Canary Islands" 11532: 11205: 10749: 10638: 10424: 10387: 9533: 8664: 8237: 8134: 8080: 8038: 7946: 7825: 7773: 7745: 7683: 7658: 7635: 7627: 7614: 7585: 7537: 7498: 7468: 7438: 7422: 7332: 7275: 7153: 7107: 6929: 6685: 6564: 6484: 5998: 5986: 5844: 5754: 5669: 5655: 5624: 5547:

A major center of slave trade to the Middle east was central Asia, where the

5521: 5412: 5404: 5381: 5190: 4990: 4906: 4789: 4461: 4279: 4231: 4165: 3980:, at the time of the Declaration of Independence in 1776. By the time of the 3868: 3791: 3719: 3676: 3495: 3392: 3312: 3255: 3130: 3075: 2986: 2919: 2884: 2735: 2605: 2577: 2492: 2399: 2351: 2303: 2292: 2099: 1905: 1879: 1875: 1844: 1682: 1606: 1053: 1036: 811: 641: 631: 415: 65: 22311: 20525: 19623: 18795: 18354:"Soldiers and Sailors Database – The Civil War (U.S. National Park Service)" 14159: 12437: 10633:

Bindman, David; Gates (Jr.), Henry Louis; Dalton, Karen C. C., eds. (2010).

9702: 8751: 2587: 35506: 35462: 35322: 35287: 35243: 35228: 35079: 34891: 34881: 34547: 34350: 34330: 34220: 34200: 33906: 33831: 33826: 33784: 33650: 33527: 33362: 33108: 32971: 32887: 32807: 32713: 32394: 32355: 32019: 32003: 31785: 31739: 31521: 31393: 31388: 31227: 30885: 30875: 30607: 30213: 29664: 29591: 29370: 29360: 29279: 29029: 28936: 28886: 28773: 28753: 28733: 28723: 28698: 28452: 28287: 28267: 28252: 28222: 28212: 27991: 27846: 27828: 27764: 27742: 27700: 27690: 27592: 27582: 27554: 27285: 27275: 27102: 27042: 26783: 26778: 26669: 26546: 26514: 26443: 26288: 25478: 25365: 25193: 25160: 25140: 25070: 25060: 25040: 25020: 24651: 24544: 24539: 24270: 24245: 24104: 24044: 24009: 23979: 23714: 23684: 23479: 23471: 22813: 22767: 22741: 22680: 22560: 21764: 21403: 21385:

The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism

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Mahon, Leah (August 2023). "£18 Trillion What Britain owes in reparation".

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The Comparative Histories of Slavery in Brazil, Cuba, and the United States

8776:(1/2). Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (GmbH & Co. KG): 145–153. 8571: 8480: 8334:

The Legal Understanding of Slavery: From the Historical to the Contemporary

7789: 7653: 7486: 7473: 7344: 7140: 7112: 7094: 6888: 6838:

of Ghana also apologized for his country's involvement in the slave trade.

6823: 6736: 6719: 6703:

in particular. In 1905, the French abolished indigenous slavery in most of

6547:. By 1860, the total number of slaves reached almost four million, and the 6258: 6063: 6010: 5840: 5726:, and Uzbekistan in the worst offenders category. Cuba, Iran, North Korea, 5659: 5225: 4832: 4810: 4732: 4716: 4621: 4599: 4521: 4443: 4332: 4321: 4313: 4268: 4213: 3810: 3782:'s near decimation from forced labour, disease and war, the Spanish, under 3668: 3610: 3362: 3224: 3134: 3010: 2974: 2950: 2876: 2758: 2743: 2592: 2556: 2511: 2485: 2405: 2383: 2372: 2368: 2315: 2282: 2187: 1921: 1848: 1687: 1519: 1495: 1401: 1394: 1125: 653: 626: 589: 567: 454: 171: 151: 129: 119: 109: 104: 94: 21571:

King, Richard H.; Genovese, Eugene (1977). "Marxism and the Slave South".

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Lutz, Mark A. (1995). "Book Reviews: Property and Contract in Economics".

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Peabody, Sue (1984). "Race, Slavery, and the Law in Early Modern France".

13962:. Vol. 21 of Asia: Local Studies / Global Themes. Matthew H. Sommer. 12916: 12874:"Slavery and forced labour in Ancient China and the Ancient Mediterranean" 11482: 8445:

Sociologists in Action on Inequalities: Race, Class, Gender, and Sexuality

6539:. Violent clashes between anti-slavery and pro-slavery Americans included 6021: 5301:

Thoughtful and rigorous historical comparisons of Soviet forced labor and

4881: 4520:

was widespread by the 6th century BC, and perhaps even as far back as the

3459:. It was argued by some contemporary writers to be intrinsically immoral. 934: 35520: 35501: 35428: 35399: 35327: 35317: 35267: 35144: 35016: 34986: 34936: 34861: 34815: 34795: 34749: 34695: 34527: 34518: 34412: 34274: 34215: 34210: 34147: 34081: 34063: 33982: 33977: 33935: 33759: 33635: 33470: 33262: 33041: 32939: 32822: 32788: 32756: 32171: 32139: 32012: 31973: 31966: 31859: 31838: 31799: 31760: 31688: 31536: 31410: 31252: 31076: 31039: 31029: 31002: 30617: 30529: 30238: 29828: 29659: 29649: 29599: 29581: 29492: 29453: 29247: 29158: 29141: 28386: 28309: 28277: 27737: 27685: 27303: 27260: 27235: 27204: 27199: 27154: 27079: 27069: 27054: 27007: 26649: 26368: 26335: 25913: 25893: 25380: 25340: 25308: 25175: 25135: 24975: 24888: 24839: 24814: 24714: 24397: 24126: 24109: 24064: 23984: 23729: 23193: 22937: 22885: 22705: 22648: 22453: 22405: 22266:, Inventory of the archives of the Dutch slave trade across the Atlantic 22227: 21320:

Smith, Stephen C. (December 1994). "Property and Contract in Economics".

21146:

Bartlett, Will (May 1994). "Review: Property and Contract in Economics".

19668: 19570: 19053: 17944: 17402: 14040:(in Portuguese). UNICAMP. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. p. 19. 13776:

Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience

12694:

Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience

11269:"History – British History in depth: British Slaves on the Barbary Coast" 10136: 9574: 9339:"Debt bondage remains the most prevalent form of forced labour worldwide" 8212: 8207: 8189: 8164: 8007: 7992: 7863: 7724: 7524: 7460: 6914: 6884: 6645: 6582: 6492: 6452: 6203: 5776: 5513: 5437: 5316:"the system of Soviet slave labor itself, in all its forms and varieties" 4977: 4859: 4720: 4656: 4452: 4362: 4317: 4305: 4267:(In most cases, lords were free to kill their slaves) in terms of slaves 4258: 4235: 4029: 3880: 3354: 3324: 3291: 3071: 2958: 2942: 2880: 2838: 2715: 2613: 2572: 2548: 2523: 2337: 2156: 1856: 1832: 1524: 1512: 865: 668: 658: 616: 430: 21434:

Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America

21196: 18481: 18442: 17318: 16415: 14531:

7, no. 2 (1983); D.G.E. Hall, "Studies in Dutch relations with Arakan,"

14438: 14415:"Hindus Beyond the Hindu Kush: Indians in the Central Asian Slave Trade" 14206: 10769:

Oriental influences in Swahili: a study in language and culture contacts

10478:

An Inquiry into the Law of Negro Slavery in the United States of America

9756: 9120: 8781: 5702:

and the use of forced labor in the exploitation of natural resources in

4981: 3883:, rather than allow their children to live within the bonds of slavery. 3475: 35487: 35477: 35472: 35375: 35282: 35200: 35140: 35136: 35069: 34981: 34976: 34961: 34906: 34846: 34754: 34658: 34648: 34638: 34623: 34427: 34417: 34291: 34286: 34175: 34152: 34014: 33992: 33851: 33690: 33605: 33578: 33560: 33500: 33475: 33409: 33389: 33294: 33252: 33237: 33227: 33113: 33063: 33006: 31959: 31887: 31723: 31709: 31695: 31660: 31557: 31378: 31049: 30989: 30707: 30314: 30302: 29674: 29014: 28596: 28403: 28316: 28294: 28262: 28161: 28146: 28126: 27891: 27856: 27818: 27732: 27695: 27632: 27627: 27622: 27587: 27544: 27529: 27507: 27432: 27270: 27250: 27169: 27037: 27032: 27002: 26968: 26654: 26264: 25918: 25908: 25845: 25654: 25649: 25530: 25525: 25421: 25405: 25262: 25155: 25113: 25075: 24883: 24871: 24844: 24834: 24754: 24153: 24148: 24119: 24054: 23903: 23704: 23694: 23418: 23367: 23303: 23030: 22905: 22818: 22802: 22710: 22459: 21746:

The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement in America

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The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement in America

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Mintz, Steven (1998). "Spielberg's Amistad and the History Classroom".

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Encyclopedia of the African Diaspora: Origins, Experiences, and Culture

13546: 13476: 12398:

The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement in America

12199:

1812 Aponte Rebellion in Cuba and the Struggle against Atlantic Slavery

11995: 11047: 10058: 10013: 9724: 9043:"'The Bitter Chain of Slavery': Reflections on Slavery in Ancient Rome" 8807: 8067: 7549: 7519: 7450: 7418: 7319: 7247: 6846: 6718:, which declared freedom from slavery is an internationally recognized 6211: 5884: 5832: 5804: 5699: 5691: 5419: 5195: 5031: 4805: 4766: 4392: 4354: 4182: 3899: 3891: 3872: 3833: 3622: 3571: 3522: 3456: 3402: 3287: 3251: 3018: 2998: 2978: 2750: 2739: 2600: 2519: 2515: 2266: 2190:

movements saw slavery as a violation of the slaves' rights as people ("

2139: 2032: 1957: 1900: 1677: 969: 673: 540: 22299: 22221: 20317:. The New Cambridge History of India, Part I. Vol. 5. Cambridge: 19410: 17772:

International Coalition to Stop Crimes Against Humanity in North Korea

17398:"West African migrants are kidnapped and sold in Libyan slave markets" 17210:"Over 400,000 people living in 'modern slavery' in U.S., report finds" 16945:

Coursen-Neff, Zama; Tribune, International Herald (January 30, 2003).

16352: 16082: 15467: 14994: 12660:

Slaves Waiting for Sale: Abolitionist Art and the American Slave Trade

11768: 8442:

White, Shelley K.; White, Jonathan M.; Korgen, Kathleen Odell (2014).

4208: 4072: 3992:, which separated free Pennsylvania from slave Maryland and Delaware. 3506:, was sentenced to lifetime slavery, forcing him to serve his master, 1807:

is the placement of a person into slavery, and the person is called a

35535: 35458: 35409: 35262: 35223: 35131: 35026: 35006: 34971: 34926: 34901: 34871: 34836: 34805: 34710: 34643: 34552: 34532: 34496: 34486: 34442: 34335: 34240: 34180: 34166: 34161: 34113: 34108: 34086: 34076: 34024: 34019: 33957: 33881: 33856: 33841: 33640: 33175: 33158: 32991: 32691: 31820: 30647: 29720: 29715: 29682: 29654: 29542: 29537: 29473: 29448: 29395: 29309: 29024: 28956: 28783: 28703: 28517: 28202: 27561: 27462: 27422: 27392: 27313: 27149: 27112: 26634: 26428: 26363: 25868: 25555: 25503: 25220: 24819: 23929: 22182: 21683: 20903: 17910: 16741:

Case Studies on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms: A World Survey

15702:

A Long and Uncertain Journey: The 27,000 Mile Voyage of Vasco Da Gama

14347: 14284: 13925: 13704: 13576: 13184: 11392:

Case Studies on Human Rights And Fundamental Freedoms: A World Survey

11227: 10893: 10823: 9185:

Slavery and Social Death : A Comparative Study, Orlando (1982).

6873: 6680:

In 1839, the world's oldest international human rights organization,

6632:, a non-denominational group founded in 1787, whose members included 6496: 6472: 5955: 5876: 5408: 5109: 5101: 5097: 4867: 4709: 4689: 4586: 4555:

were slaves. Slavery was legally abolished in the possessions of the

4498: 4473: 4366: 4298: 4293: 4287: 4253: 4243: 4177: 4173: 3860: 3850: 3755: 3507: 3440: 3381: 3235:

ports of the Indian Ocean, perhaps as many as nine million along the

2903: 2560: 2503: 1909: 1893: 1796: 917: 582: 444: 23689: 22257: 22192: 21888:

Weinstein, Allen; Gatell, Frank Otto; Sarasohn, David, eds. (1979).

21584: 21409:

Slavery's Capitalism: A New History of American Economic Development

21241:

Lawson, Colin (1993). "Review: Property and Contract in Economics".

21225: 20481:

A Social History of Black Slaves and Freedmen in Portugal, 1441–1555

19439: 19332: 18570:"Royal Navy and the Slave Trade : Battles: History: Royal Navy" 18512: 14967:

Harper, James (April 1972). "Slaves and Freedmen in Imperial Rome".

14414: 9164:. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 57, 132, 165, 166. 9136: 6491:

from 269 to 232 BCE, abolished the slave trade but not slavery. The

5507:

Eastern European slaves were provided to the Ottoman Empire via the

4989:, 12,000 Christian galley slaves were recaptured and freed from the 4101:

on a platform of halting the expansion of slavery, according to the

2727: 2382:

Human trafficking primarily involves women and children forced into

599: 35540: 35443: 35384: 35350: 35341: 35312: 35302: 35277: 35233: 35173: 35096: 35064: 35059: 35046: 35036: 34991: 34956: 34916: 34828: 34800: 34725: 34715: 34611: 34464: 34392: 34387: 34360: 34340: 34325: 34269: 34205: 34071: 34029: 33918: 33734: 33725: 33485: 33404: 33384: 33379: 33299: 33118: 33093: 33088: 32827: 32802: 32783: 31575: 31543: 30798: 30751: 30697: 30514: 30398: 30368: 30351: 30135: 29729: 29701: 29687: 29554: 29520: 29478: 29463: 29423: 29168: 28617: 27680: 27670: 27602: 27597: 27566: 27412: 27367: 27245: 27240: 27144: 27022: 26896: 26734: 26398: 25520: 25350: 25277: 24928: 24854: 24759: 24719: 24084: 24079: 24074: 23999: 23994: 23939: 23709: 23185: 22869: 22827: 22324: 21631:

American Slavery, American Freedom: The Ordeal of Colonial Virginia

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Property and Contract in Economics: The Case for Economic Democracy

19836: 19605: 19402: 18987: 18927: 18901: 18739: 17543: 17492: 17466: 17422: 17132: 17078: 16610: 16297:. New Haven, CT: Yale University/The Hoover Institution. p. 5. 15946: 15601: 15182: 14986: 14826: 12288: 12226: 11700: 11591: 11355: 11329: 10311: 9578: 9293: 8873:

Deutsch für Dichter und Denker: Unsere Muttersprache in neuem Licht

8290: 6950: 6853: 6700: 5963:

disagreed and said they deliberately came to Taiwan "to sell sex".

5947: 5816: 5788: 5529: 5450: 5433: 5093: 4847: 4836: 4239: 4145: 3876: 3864: 3672: 3546: 3336: 3002: 2731: 2721: 2423: 1800: 1507: 1065: 1009: 961: 621: 466: 321: 227: 30243: 22064:. Washington, DC: U.S. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea. 21847: 20923: 20685: 17767:"ICNK welcomes UN inquiry on North Korea report, calls for action" 15659: 14610: 12570: 9097:

Alexander, J. (2001). "Islam, Archaeology and Slavery in Africa".

8507:"Freedom Fighter: A slaving society and an abolitionist's crusade" 6992:

gave a favorable outlook on slavery in the United States in 1946.

6849:

made a formal apology for Great Britain's involvement in slavery.

6751:), Datuk K Sri Dhammaratana, Chief High Priest of Malaysia, Rabbi 5694:, including migrant workers deprived of basic civil rights on the 5665: 4286:: 贱民)", The word literally means "inferior person". As stated in 3779: 3270:. It is estimated that about 15 percent of slaves died during the 1896:, in 1863. The scars are the result of a whipping by his overseer. 35569: 35554: 35530: 35218: 35158: 35148: 35116: 35111: 34911: 34810: 34579: 34557: 34537: 34469: 34432: 34422: 34315: 34298: 34235: 34190: 34171: 34156: 34142: 34091: 34002: 33945: 33754: 33550: 33480: 33446: 33441: 33427: 33413: 33354: 33046: 32817: 32773: 31605: 31584: 31430: 29710: 29706: 29468: 29418: 29410: 29400: 29304: 29292: 29151: 29047: 29041: 28197: 27936: 27886: 27675: 27380: 27064: 26699: 26644: 26629: 26358: 24004: 23908: 23888: 23861: 23836: 23740: 23719: 23255: 22260:, Comité de Liaison et d'Application des Sources Historiques 2010 20244:

The Dutch East India Company and the Economy of Bengal, 1630-1720

19633:

Death and Redemption: The Gulag and the Shaping of Soviet Society

18780:(2 ed.). Burnt Mill, Harlow, Essex, England: Longman Group. 18171:"Religions and the abolition of slavery – a comparative approach" 17129:"Kuwait moves on Instagram slave traders after BBC investigation" 15918:. In Ascher, Abraham; Halasi-Kun, Tibor; Kiràly, Béla K. (eds.). 14621:. Yale University Southeast Asia Studies Monograph Series: 16–33. 14525:

Burmese Administrative Cycles: Anarchy and Conquest, c. 1580–1760

13580:

Korean History: Discovery of Its Characteristics and Developments

11881:"Sublimus Dei – On the Enslavement and Evangelization of Indians" 8723:] (in German) (6 ed.). Strassburg: Trübner. p. 366. 8591:"Religion & Ethics – Modern slavery: Modern forms of slavery" 7813: 6590: 5926: 5880: 5848: 5824: 5772: 5684:

work in slavery-like conditions to pay off their family's debts.

5441: 5170:

Prisoners forced to work on the Buchenwald–Weimar rail line, 1943

4980:

which seized hundreds of thousands of Christian boys through the

4901: 4897: 4851: 4797: 4422: 4418: 4414: 4377: 4325: 4141: 3263: 3228: 3182: 3101: 3093: 3058:, a series of uprisings that took place between 869 and 883 near 2918:. In the 1490s black Africans were included on the emblem of the 2915: 2899: 2703: 2687:, either to explicitly mark slaves as property or as punishment. 2544: 2364: 2098:

There is a dispute among historians about whether terms such as "

1920:

is a modern variety of slavery; in non-industrialised countries,

1840: 1490: 572: 252: 31490: 23671: 23141:

Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States

22283: 17263:"Modern slavery in developed countries more common than thought" 13327: 13325: 13323: 13321: 13319: 13317: 13315: 13313: 13311: 12963: 12961: 12959: 9680:"UNICEF supports fight to end marriage by abduction in Ethiopia" 9549:"In Togo, a 10-Year-Old's Muted Cry: 'I Couldn't Take Any More'" 6499:

in China in 17 CE but was reinstituted after his assassination.

5771:

In March 2020, the Chinese government was found to be using the

5535: 5496:

Between 1517 and 1917, most of the Middle East consisted of the

5216: 3790:, and with the blessing of the Catholic church, who also wished 3126: 2019:), borrowed from a Slavic tribe self-name *Slověne, turned into 35423: 35418: 35336: 35168: 35153: 34740: 34668: 34542: 34491: 34407: 34397: 34257: 34185: 33997: 33967: 33952: 33700: 33540: 33522: 33431: 33422: 32882: 32717: 31644: 30724: 30642: 30600: 30275: 29697: 29510: 29443: 29383: 29378: 29185: 28852: 28371: 27719: 27363: 25736: 24980: 23989: 23893: 23871: 23866: 23816: 23217: 18647: 17182:"UN gives Qatar a year to end forced labour of migrant workers" 16432:

Shaw, Garry J. (October 26, 2012). "Slavery, Pharaonic Egypt".

15569:"Famous Battles in History The Turks and Christians at Lepanto" 15039:(2003). "Reflections on Slavery". In Curran, Charles E. (ed.). 15013:

The Slave Trade: History of the Atlantic Slave Trade, 1440–1870

13701:

Early Encounters between East Asia and Europe: Telling Failures

13507: 13505: 13503: 13001:

Encyclopedia of Antislavery and Abolition [Two Volumes]

11068: 8878:

German for poets and thinkers: Our mother tongue in a new light

8311:

Wilberforce Institute for the Study of Slavery and Emancipation

8260: 8225: 7985: 7905: 7381: 7235: 7009:, dealt with an actual revolt in the Roman Empire known as the 6773: 6480: 5960: 5951: 5872: 5852: 5820: 5796: 5723: 5525: 5155: 5139: 5105: 5074: 4863: 4855: 4728: 4536:

remained the largest sources of forced labour until the 1660s.

4506: 4477: 4430: 4404: 4396: 3946: 3748: 3701: 3680: 3594: 3550: 3479: 3471: 3316: 3006: 2946: 2911: 2907: 2830: 2564: 2527: 2311: 1960: 1824: 1192: 1014: 594: 577: 439: 274: 242: 32241:

Association for the Protection and Assistance of the Convicted

23077:

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave

20934:

Slavery in Africa: Historical and Anthropological Perspectives

19360: 19358: 16559:"Horrible Traffic in Circassian Women – Infanticide in Turkey" 16216:, p. xv, Introduction: "Gulag is the word an acronym for 15423:(Summer 2014), "French chivalry in twelfth-century Britain?", 13860:

The Specter of Genocide: Mass Murder in Historical Perspective

12580:

Slavery and Plantation Growth in Antebellum Florida, 1821–1860

10448:

Athenian Legacies: Essays on the Politics of Going On Together

5372: 4877:, which dampened the use of African slaves in the Arab world. 4501:

was so disgusted that his own Japanese people were being sold

2595:

was in ransoming Christian slaves held in North Africa (1637).

2151: 35360: 35106: 34720: 34633: 34628: 34130: 34036: 34007: 33940: 33889: 33535: 32558: 31591: 31117: 30741: 29505: 29433: 28984: 28232: 26937: 26373: 24990: 23821: 18021:"Modern day slavery in Southeast Asia: Thailand and Cambodia" 17106:"She escaped domestic slavery, now she helps other survivors" 15635:

Warfare, State and Society on the Black Sea Steppe, 1500–1700

15343:

A Concise Economic History of Britain from the Earliest Times

14584:

De Opkomst der Westerkwartieren van de Oostindische Compagnie

13308: 12956: 12289:"Extract of the Dutch Map Representing the Colony of Surinam" 10604:"Welcome to Encyclopædia Britannica's Guide to Black History" 9461:

International Encyclopedia of Public Edict and Administration

7288: 7261: 7257: 7195: 7035: 5563:. In the early 1840s, the population of the Uzbek states of 5280:

Golfo Alexopoulos suggests comparing labor in the Gulag with

5211: 5012: 4998: 4595: 4482: 4426: 4350: 4133: 3684: 3554: 3549:, prohibited slavery of the indigenous people, including the 3470:

and Spanish historian, participated in campaigns in Cuba (at

3467: 3078:

and claimed over "tens of thousands of lives in lower Iraq".

3059: 2994: 2930: 2872: 2085: 2079: 2067: 2061: 2014: 2002: 1987: 1975: 449: 435: 410: 32660: 20398:

The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Daily Life: The medieval world

16883: 13500: 13408: 12085: 11792:"Aboriginal Slavery on the Northwest Coast of North America" 11693:

Lawson, Russell M.; Lawson, Benjamin A. (October 11, 2019).

11192:"New book reopens old arguments about slave raids on Europe" 9965: 9500:"Rights–Mexico: 16,000 Victims of Child Sexual Exploitation" 6876:, which was a large slave trading port, apologized in 1999. 6467: 5993:

While the majority of trafficking victims are women who are

5407:, but studying it is complicated by terminology used by the 5042:

took 3,000 female and child captives, while his governor of

4413:. The nobi were socially indistinct from freemen (i.e., the 3754:

Slave labour was the driving force behind the growth of the

2837:

coast, slavery became widespread only with the invention of

2669: 2128: 34744: 34591: 34437: 34378: 34345: 34320: 34195: 33620: 33495: 33436: 32916: 32798: 32769: 29515: 29057: 28272: 27715: 25602: 25431: 22284:

The Trans-Atlantic and Intra-American slave trade databases

22231: 20431:. Third Series. Vol. 25 of 3: Works, Hakluyt Society. 19531:

Mariners, Merchants and Oceans: Studies on Maritime History

19370: 19355: 18290:

Words that Make New Jersey History: A Primary Source Reader

18223: 16737: 14193:

Nelson, Thomas (Winter 2004). "Slavery in Medieval Japan".

13855: 13218:

Familiar strangers: a history of Muslims in Northwest China

12902: 11044:"Islam, From Arab To Islamic Empire: The Early Abbasid Era" 8770:

Glotta, Zeitschrift fur Griechische und Lateinische Sprache

5572: 5455: 5428: 4870: 4724: 4434: 4358: 3914:

petitioned the colonial government to expand their rights.

3601:, who led the largest slave rebellion in Barbadian history. 3452: 2990: 2163:

As a social institution, chattel slavery classes slaves as

2120:

implying a degree of autonomy that slavery does not allow.

316: 146: 44:"Slave labour" redirects here. For the Banksy artwork, see 20959:

Biography of a Runaway Slave: Fiftieth Anniversary Edition

20735:

The Problem of Slavery in the Age of Revolution, 1770–1823

20161:

Race and Slavery in the Middle East: An Historical Enquiry

19319:(1984). "Slavery & Race in American Popular Culture". 18776:

Boahen, A. Adu.; Ajayi, J. F. Ade.; Tidy, Michael (1986).

18319:"Opinion | Forgotten Step Toward Freedom (Published 2007)" 16374:"New directions in Gulag studies: a roundtable discussion" 16371: 15468:"Erskine May on Slavery in Britain (Vol. III, Chapter XI)" 12617:

American Negro Slavery and Abolition: A Sociological Study

12483: 10730:(April 1970). "Zamani: a survey of East African history". 9784:

Blaming the Brain: The Truth About Drugs and Mental Health

9189:. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. pp. X. 8689: 4696:). This oppression by an elite minority eventually led to 4407:

period of Korea, members of the slave class were known as

4015:

their wills. Slaves were punished by whipping, shackling,

3434:

Slaves embarked to America from 1450 until 1800 by country

2813: 34685: 34562: 27255: 25705: 21800:

The Peculiar Institution: Slavery in the Antebellum South

19012: 18709: 18599: 18143: 17569: 17518: 17266: 17013:

The Courage of Hopelessness: A Year of Acting Dangerously

16212:

For sources about forced slave labor in GULAG camps, see

15514:

Slavery from Roman times to the Early Transatlantic Trade

13670:"Europeans had Japanese slaves, in case you didn't know…" 13144:

The Golden Peaches of Samarkand: A Study of Tʻang Exotics

12947:"Outline of the Senmin system during the Ritsuryo period" 12818:"What Does California Owe Its Incarcerated Firefighters?" 11835: 11272: 11005: 10797: 9321: 9319: 8594: 6559:

prohibited most forms of slavery throughout the country.

6555:, which freed slaves held in the Confederate States; the 5808: 5587:

to the Nile, while dying from exposure and swollen feet.

5186:

Nazi Germany effectively enslaved about 12 million people

4301:, she was publicly executed for murdering her own slave. 4189:, which saves the state as much as $ 100 million a year. 4156:

or have family visitation revoked. From 2010 to 2015 and

3521:

of Virginia, was granted ownership of another black man,

1828: 23053:

The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano

19718:

The Structure of Slavery in Indian Ocean Africa and Asia

19161:

Martin, Michael T.; Wall, David C. (February 19, 2013).

18871:"Benin Officials Apologize for Role in U.S. Slave Trade" 16724: 16722: 16720: 16169:. 127th Annual Meeting American Historical Association. 13542:

Women and Confucianism in Choson Korea: New Perspectives

13517: 13472:

Women and Confucianism in Choson Korea: New Perspectives

13296: 13284: 12988:船田善之《色目人与元代制度、社会 – 重新探讨蒙古、色目、汉人、南人划分的位置》,〈蒙古学信息〉2003年第2期 11370: 10632: 10290:"Kim Jong-un brings back 'pleasure troupe' entertainers" 5985:

isolation, threat, physical force, debt bondage or even

4735:

suggest that the majority were scattered throughout the

4292:: “Slaves and inferior people are legally equivalent to 3875:

around 3 percent, and there is evidence that some women

3296:

Institute for Trafficked, Exploited, and Missing Persons

30:"Slave" and "Slaves" redirect here. For other uses, see 22019:

Contemporary Slavery in the UK: Overview and Key Issues

21887: 19462:"Films about Slavery and the transAtlantic Slave Trade" 19314: 18728: 18726: 16823: 16710: 16708: 16706: 16266:

For sources about life in the Gulag camps, please see:

12842:

Pargas, Damian Alan; Roşu, Felicia (December 7, 2017).

10247:

Sex Trafficking – Inside the Business of Modern Slavery

8952:

The Politics of Property: Labour, Freedom and Belonging

5376:

19th-century engraving depicting an Arab slave-trading

5220:

Workers being forced to haul rocks up a hill in a Gulag

5126:

raiders enslaved more than 1 million Eastern Europeans.

4960:

A British captain witnessing the miseries of slaves in

3798:

beginning in 1625, the economy of Haiti (then known as

27942:

List of countries by rate of fatal workplace accidents

20984:

Slavery and the British Empire: From Africa to America

17987: 17368:"African migrants sold as 'slaves' for $ 200 in Libya" 16803:"A Mauritanian Abolitionist's Crusade Against Slavery" 16777:"Religion & Ethics – Islam and slavery: Abolition" 16248: 15206: 12307: 12233:. Hansib Publishing (Caribbean) Ltd. pp. 46, 48. 10867: 10522:

Demography, Geography, and the Sources of Roman Slaves

9316: 7002:

Most Hollywood films used American settings, although

6630:

Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade

6593:, which was founded in 1822 for freed American slaves. 5001:. Seventy-five Crimean Tatar raids were recorded into 3545:

to the area. In the mid-16th century, the Spanish New

2159:

with her enslaved servant girl in the mid-19th century

20008:

Gregory, Paul R.; Lazarev, Valery (October 1, 2003).

16717: 15978:"The Crimean Tatars and their Russian-Captive Slaves" 14703:

were an important part of pre-colonial Maori society.

13032:

Man and Land in Chinese History: An Economic Analysis

11154: 11102:. New Delhi: VIJ Books (India) Pty Ltd. p. 453. 9703:"An Idea Not Worth Drafting: Conscription is Slavery" 9365:"Nigeria's young daughters are sold as 'money wives'" 8870:(2020). "Sklave und Slawe" [Slave and Slav]. 8540:"Mauritania: Country Made Slavery Illegal Last Month" 5255: 3177:

and were given certain rights in a system similar to

2073: 2055: 2026: 2020: 2008: 1996: 1981: 1969: 1916:

of a country's economy. In industrialised countries,

1870:(chattel) of the slave owner. In economics, the term 20276:

European Commercial Enterprise in Pre-Colonial India

19576:

Disposable People: New Slavery in the Global Economy

18723: 17054:"27 Million People Said to Live in 'Modern Slavery'" 16703: 16539: 15395:. Vol. II (871–1216) (First ed.). Oxford: 14144:. Vol. 2. Macmillan Reference US. p. 737. 13096:

Memoirs of the Research Department of the Tōyō Bunko

10579:"Slavery and the Slave Trade in Pre-colonial Africa" 10221: 9920: 9443: 8306:

Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery

8259:, the names and details of slaves freed in Medieval 6296:

Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery

4723:'s population, mostly war captives, especially from 2985:, and later to the Americas. These traders captured 2695: 2042: 1447:

Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery

21919: 21456:Berlin, Ira; Favreau, Marc; Miller, Steven (2011). 21455: 16944: 13256:

Opium regimes: China, Britain, and Japan, 1839–1952

12504:

Women and Slavery in the French Antilles, 1635–1848

11640:Mancke, Elizabeth; Shammas, Carole (May 31, 2005). 9932: 9389: 7017:stays surprisingly close to the historical record. 5176:

Forced labour under German rule during World War II

4743: 2038:An alternative contemporary hypothesis states that 37:"Slave master" redirects here. For other uses, see 26907:Freedom from involuntary female genital mutilation 23621:Amazing Grace: An Anthology of Poems about Slavery 20427:de Sande, Duarte (2012). Massarella, Derek (ed.). 19490:"Life in the Gulag: A Property Rights Perspective" 17286: 14910: 14568:Cultures of Madagascar: Ebb and Flow of Influences 13857: 12255: 11783: 11226:Wright, John (2007). "Trans-Saharan Slave Trade". 9729:"Nationalized Slavery; A policy Italy should dump" 9482:"Experts encourage action against sex trafficking" 8923: 8806:(in German) (22 ed.). Berlin & New York: 6074:Suppression of the slave trade in the Persian Gulf 5403:as an established institution. Slavery existed in 4128:, which affected primarily African Americans. The 2393: 26424:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 25566:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 20297: 19034:"Obama praises 'historic' Senate slavery apology" 18356:. Itd.nps.gov. September 19, 2015. Archived from 16982:"Child Slaves Abandoned to India's Silk Industry" 16947:"For 15 million in India, a childhood of slavery" 16470:"Ancient Egypt: Slavery, its causes and practice" 15738:Marques, António Henrique R. de Oliveira (1972). 15248: 14496: 14456: 13253:Brook, Timothy; Wakabayashi, Bob Tadashi (2000). 12355: 11686: 10772:. Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis. p. 17. 10138:The Impending Crisis of the South: How to Meet It 9593:"Honor Diaries: Child/Forced Marriage: Factsheet" 9271: 9269: 9267: 8423: 6925:on these possible claims has long since expired. 5015:and African slaves in Córdoba, illustration from 4800:, on the contrary, was widely accepted. In 1452, 4335:, there was a hereditarily servile people called 4230:Slavery existed in ancient China as early as the 3359:indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast 3141:Under Omani Arabs, Zanzibar became East Africa's 2891:, about a third of the population were enslaved. 1924:is a common form of enslavement, such as captive 1851:, and was legal in most societies, but it is now 35596: 32581:United Kingdom and British overseas territories 21529:Terms of Labor: Slavery, Serfdom, and Free Labor 20877: 20298:Raychaudhuri, Tapan; Habib, Irfan, eds. (1982). 19985:. In McKivigan, John R.; Snay, Mitchell (eds.). 19487: 18951:"Livingstone weeps as he apologises for slavery" 16275: 15216:The Old English Penitentials and Anglo-Saxon Law 15137:Postan, Michael Moïssey; Miller, Edward (1987). 13252: 10847:Tannenbaum, Edward R.; Dudley, Guilford (1973). 10846: 9884:The Dreaded Comparison: Human and Animal Slavery 8846:] (in German). Tübingen: Mohr. p. 371. 8441: 5066: 4028:More than one million slaves were sold from the 3738: 3246:These expeditions were typically carried out by 2530:is also known to have suggested such parallels. 1562:13th Amendment to the United States Constitution 25226:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 23575:List of last surviving American enslaved people 20956:Montejo, Esteban (2016). Barnet, Miguel (ed.). 20760:Abolition: A History of Slavery and Antislavery 20103: 20010:The Economics of Forced Labor: The Soviet Gulag 19987:Religion and the Antebellum Debate Over Slavery 19488:Anderson, Gary M.; Tollison, Robert D. (1985). 19287:Screen saviors: Hollywood fictions of whiteness 19067:Nitkin, David; Merritt, Harry (March 2, 2007). 18775: 17127:Pinnell, Owen; Kelly, Jess (November 1, 2019). 16769: 16496:The Ancient Egyptians (Beliefs & Practices) 16271: 15592: 15590: 14946:. Duckworth with the Classical Press of Wales. 14580:De Vestiging der Nederlanders ter Kuste Malabar 14549:Hague, 1960–present), passim; T. Raychaudhuri, 14138:Finkelman, Paul; Miller, Joseph Calder (1998). 14137: 13602: 13600: 12295:. Digital World Library via Library of Congress 12151: 10155:Religion and the Antebellum Debate Over Slavery 9656:"Without Consent: Forced Marriage in Australia" 9414: 8804:Etymologisches Wörterbuch Der Deutschen Sprache 8717:Etymologisches Wörterbuch Der Deutschen Sprache 6982:gave a liberal but ambiguous interpretation of 6589:, born in Virginia, was the first president of 6312: 5925:all critical of the country's record. Forms of 3405:and the alignment of captive slaves during the 3042:Slave labour in East Africa was drawn from the 2476:view government taxation as a form of slavery. 2135:, illustration in an 1853 anti-slavery pamphlet 24708:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 23165:Barracoon: The Story of the Last "Black Cargo" 21402: 21121:The Slave Systems of Greek and Roman Antiquity 21065:Encyclopedia of Slave Resistance and Rebellion 20007: 18644:"Anti-Slavery International: UNESCO Education" 18108: 18106: 18081:"Lost Daughters – An ongoing tragedy in Nepal" 18051:"Trafficking FAQs – Amnesty International USA" 17885: 17506: 16502: 16242: 16222: 15698: 15413: 14673:Historical Dictionary of Slavery and Abolition 14638: 13727: 13577:Korean National Commission for UNESCO (2004). 13352:Historical Dictionary of Slavery and Abolition 10308:"From private to state slavery and back again" 10109:. History.com. January 4, 2008. Archived from 9264: 8721:Etymological dictionary of the German language 8266:International Day for the Abolition of Slavery 7029:in Spanish) was a 1976 film directed by Cuban 5779:. According to a report published then by the 4614:) had a recognised social role in traditional 4246:confiscated because he killed a female slave”( 3577: 2571:. This enables systems of labour, such as the 32676: 31506: 30151: 28868: 26953: 26530: 25721: 23756: 23657: 22340: 22316: 22183:The Bibliography of Slavery and World Slaving 21553:Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World the Slaves Made 20930: 20051:Colonialism: Key Concepts in American History 19069:"A New Twist to an Intriguing Family History" 19066: 18811:"Afrikan Involvement In Atlantic Slave Trade" 18596:"Devon – Abolition – Sailing against slavery" 17928: 16645:. BBC – Religion & Ethics. Archived from 16577: 16026: 16000: 15741:History of Portugal: From Lusitania to empire 14871: 14634: 14632: 14630: 14628: 14604: 14602: 14578:(Trivandrum, 1973); M.A.P. Meilink-Roelofsz, 14382:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 71. 14380:Legacies of slavery: comparative perspectives 14317:Foreigners in Japan: A Historical Perspective 13344: 13342: 13340: 12845:Critical Readings on Global Slavery (4 vols.) 12742:"Why Did So Many Christians Support Slavery?" 12052: 11755:. 33 (The Archaeology of Slavery) (1): 1–17. 11639: 10151: 9408: 8986: 8583: 8435: 8361: 6037: 5524:, reported seeing slaves in Muslim houses in 5380:transporting black African slaves across the 3565: 1946: 1773: 1651:List of slavery-related memorials and museums 29772: 29552: 26544: 22118:Enslaved: True Stories of Modern Day Slavery 21923:Free and unfree labour: the debate continues 21913: 21570: 20509: 20342:The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery 20020: 19859:Slaves on Screen: Film and Historical Vision 17126: 15733: 15731: 15729: 15587: 15174: 15136: 14848: 14846: 14844: 14480: 13921:Tanegashima – The Arrival of Europe in Japan 13856:Robert Gellately; Ben Kiernan, eds. (2003). 13698: 13597: 12681: 12650: 12419: 12024: 11692: 11480: 11395:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 440. 10889:Encyclopedia of African History 3-Volume Set 10701:. East African Literature Bureau. p. 76 10332: 9415:Chatterjee, Indrani; Eaton, Richard (2006). 9394:. Rutgers University Press. pp. 11–12. 9209: 8643:International Journal of Middle East Studies 8368:Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity, and Society 6017:Timeline of abolition of slavery and serfdom 5781:Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI) 5422:came from many different regions, including 4469:the Portuguese first made contact with Japan 4408: 4399:period when Korea also experienced multiple 4344: 3848: 3656: 3211: 2853:, and the enslavement of slaves' offspring. 2719: 2709: 2701: 1855:in most countries of the world, except as a 1567:Timeline of abolition of slavery and serfdom 26575:Freedom from arbitrary arrest and detention 24924:List of people killed for being transgender 21920:Brass, Tom; van der Linden, Marcel (1997). 21532:. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. 20543:The Black American in United States History 20104:Lester, David; Krysinska, Karolina (2008). 20075:Korea and East Asia: the story of a Phoenix 19547: 19525: 19009:"Congress Apologizes for Slavery, Jim Crow" 18864: 18862: 18622:"The West African Squadron and slave trade" 18203:The Earth and Its Peoples: A Global History 18103: 18012: 17566:"UN: There is hope for Mauritania's slaves" 17489:"The Abolition season on BBC World Service" 17335: 16905:. International Labour Organisation. 2005. 16290: 16061:"Historical survey: Ways of ending slavery" 15042:Change in Official Catholic Moral Teachings 14908: 14787:Slavery in the Late Roman World, AD 275–425 14777: 14508: 14500: 14072:. Bombay: Himalaya Pub. House. p. 18. 14063: 14061: 13810: 13765: 12610: 12608: 12253: 11509: 11507: 11505: 10885: 10814: 10534:10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199595167.003.0005 10493: 10491: 10240: 10238: 10236: 10193:Adam Smith and the Virtues of Enlightenment 10152:McKivigan, John R.; Snay, Mitchell (1998). 10080:Lagerlöf, Nils-Petter (November 12, 2006). 9989: 9575:"Two-year-old 'at risk' of forced marriage" 8905:Ditten, Hans (1972). "Kritik an G. Korth". 8748:Full composition of writings. In 30 volumes 8542:. The East African Standard. Archived from 8500: 8498: 8409:"Historical survey: Slave-owning societies" 6815:shared responsibility for the slave trade. 6051: 5783:, no fewer than around 80,000 Uyghurs were 5680:, an estimated 15 million children in 4816: 4808: 4731:. Estimates of the number of slaves in the 4528:after the 11th-century. Slavery existed in 3700:Public flogging of a slave in 19th-century 3662: 3532: 3488:royal laws protecting the native population 2186:Beginning in the 18th century, a series of 2048: 32683: 32669: 32263:International Network of Prison Ministries 31513: 31499: 30158: 30144: 28875: 28861: 26960: 26946: 26537: 26523: 25728: 25714: 23763: 23749: 23664: 23650: 22347: 22333: 22197:University of North Carolina at Greensboro 22093: 21994:Ending Slavery: How We Free Today's Slaves 21117: 20363: 19283: 19248: 19160: 18732: 18168: 17965: 17419:"Libya exposed as child migrant abuse hub" 17354:"African migrants 'sold in slave markets'" 16284: 16129: 15838: 15810:Africa's Discovery of Europe: 1450 to 1850 15419: 15212: 14944:Foreigners at Rome: Citizens and Strangers 14625: 14599: 14280:Nature and Origins of Japanese Imperialism 13539:Kim, Youngmin; Pettid, Michael J. (2011). 13469:Kim, Youngmin; Pettid, Michael J. (2011). 13337: 12841: 12317:[Public Domain – Basic Research]. 11643:The Creation of the British Atlantic World 11612: 11011: 10942: 9780: 8733: 6044: 6030: 4632: 3747:West Central African ports, especially in 3517:, where the court ruled that a black man, 2388:commercial sexual exploitation of children 1780: 1766: 28684:Comprehensive Employment and Training Act 26394:Interminority racism in the United States 23589:Cotton Plantation Record and Account Book 22222:The West African Squadron and slave trade 21862: 21807: 21058: 20707:The Problem of Slavery in Western Culture 20391: 20335: 20300:The Cambridge Economic History of India I 20048: 19926: 19513: 18231:Encyclopedia of Antislavery and Abolition 17941:National Changhua University of Education 17596:"Anti-slavery law still tough to enforce" 17152: 17103: 16663:(2020). Abdulhadi-Sukhtian, Nadia (ed.). 16487: 16404: 16327: 16254: 16213: 15726: 15487: 15393:The Oxford History of the Laws of England 15314: 15015:. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 35. 14841: 13902: 13538: 13468: 13331: 13128: 12967: 12462:The Caribbean Slave: A Biological History 12147: 12145: 12117: 11519:"Opinion | Ending the Slavery Blame-Game" 11483:"The impact of the slave trade on Africa" 11421: 11419: 11388: 11185: 11183: 10665: 9858: 9458: 9096: 9090: 8840:Deutsches Etymologisches Rechtswörterbuch 8740:Polnoye sobraniye sochineniy. V 30 tomakh 8654: 8636: 8403: 8401: 8399: 8397: 8395: 8393: 8391: 6513:slavery in the Spanish New World colonies 5567:and Khiva included about 900,000 slaves. 5108:horsemen and sold in the Crimean port of 2608:, especially given Smith's belief in the 2455: 32089:Mentally ill people in the United States 29760: 28528:Job losses caused by the Great Recession 27210:Simultaneous recruiting of new graduates 24020:Social determinants of health in poverty 23570:Treatment of slaves in the United States 23344:Ama: A Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade 22658:(1766 Saint-Dominque – June 30, 1853 NY) 21742: 21714: 21700: 21546: 21522: 21476: 21145: 21030: 20878:Hogendorn, Jan; Johnson, Marion (2003). 20835:Slavery in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia 20756: 20606: 20477: 20426: 20310: 20216: 19935: 19908: 19793: 19764: 19735: 19714: 19284:Vera, Hernán; Gordon, Andrew M. (2003). 19091: 18859: 18488: 18449: 18385:. Paris: UNESCO Publishing. p. vi. 18293:. Rutgers University Press. p. 84. 18157:British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society 18114:"US State Department Trafficking report" 18018: 17392: 16665:Work and Customs in Palestine, volume II 16294:Illness and Inhumanity in Stalin's Gulag 16267: 16032: 15875: 15806: 15692: 15510: 15462: 15460: 15091: 14492: 14238: 14176: 14172: 14058: 13523: 13511: 13414: 13302: 13290: 12997: 12687: 12633:Scholastic Encyclopedia of the Civil War 12605: 12489: 12391: 12286: 12079: 12058: 12020: 11971: 11502: 11438: 11376: 11017: 10873: 10761: 10759: 10694: 10488: 10411:"Determining the Legal Rights of Slaves" 10386: 10233: 10189: 10079: 9926: 9875: 9546: 8866: 8537: 8495: 8471: 8469: 6949: 6581: 6570: 6466: 6308: 6286:Advisory Committee of Experts on Slavery 6199:Convention of Saint-Germain-en-Laye 1919 6109:Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference 1889–90 5718:released a report on slavery. It placed 5698:, the total control of workers in Asian 5664: 5640: 5534: 5484: 5371: 5290:Illness and Inhumanity in Stalin's Gulag 5215: 5165: 5118: 5007: 4955: 4950:Colliers and Salters (Scotland) Act 1775 4765: 4650: 4590:showed that 6% of the population in the 4372: 4207: 4116:In 1865, the United States ratified the 4071: 3940: 3816: 3804: 3710: 3695: 3633: 3593: 3581: 3428: 3188: 3166:puts the figure as high as ten to one." 3133:slave traders and their captives on the 3125: 3087: 2924: 2812: 2668: 2652: 2644: 2624: 2586: 2336: 2236:Advisory Committee of Experts on Slavery 2150: 2138: 2127: 1884: 1572:Abolition of slave trade in Persian gulf 1437:Advisory Committee of Experts on Slavery 1417:Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference 1889–90 28709:Credentialism and educational inflation 26789:Right to an adequate standard of living 21891:American Negro Slavery: A Modern Reader 21771: 21378: 21342: 21174: 20955: 20931:Miers, Suzanne; Kopytoff, Igor (1979). 20617: 20272: 20241: 20203: 19695: 19604:(2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, Calif.: 19521:. New York: Knopf Doubleday Publishing. 19092:Akhalbey, Francis (November 15, 2019). 18981: 18808: 18733:Belardelli, Giulia (December 2, 2014). 18494: 18455: 18378: 17207: 17161:from the original on September 26, 2013 16903:A Global Alliance Against Forced Labour 16605: 16508: 16279: 15969: 15941: 15913: 15737: 15699:Goodman, Joan E.; McNeely, Tom (2001). 15596: 15541: 15490:"Slavery In The Coal-Mines Of Scotland" 15488:Barrowman, James (September 14, 1897). 15175:Boyce Davies, Carole Elizabeth (2008). 15001: 14714: 14488: 14484: 14314: 14219: 14141:Macmillan encyclopedia of world slavery 13955: 13637: 13606: 13534: 13532: 13433:. Institute for Modern Korean Studies, 13140: 12991: 12656: 12629: 12520: 12219: 12190: 12164: 12137: 12065:. ReadHowYouWant.com. pp. 286–87. 11444: 11240: 11219: 11189: 10722: 10720: 9881: 9838: 9040: 9007:10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.013.7311 8921: 8538:Corrigan, Terence (September 6, 2007). 6557:13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution 6515:was the Spanish missionary and bishop, 5883:. Child migrants suffer from abuse and 5610: 5158:was abolished in the mid-14th century. 5058:in places such as Algeria and Morocco. 2133:Flogging a slave fastened to the ground 14: 35597: 32342:Prison Officers' Association (Ireland) 28580:List of countries by unemployment rate 26590:Cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment 26466:Sociology of race and ethnic relations 23507:Frederick Douglass and the White Negro 23328:Queen: The Story of an American Family 23248:Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp 22135: 21969:Understanding Global Slavery: A Reader 21796: 21675: 21652: 21624: 21430: 21240: 21211: 21005: 20980: 20852: 20831: 20806: 20645: 20540: 19983:"Slavery and the Evangelical Movement" 19980: 19879: 19833:Popular Controversies in World History 19830: 19805: 19772:Women and Slavery: The Modern Atlantic 19630: 19423: 19217: 18419:French Politics, Culture & Society 18410: 18257: 18134: 17968:"Officials divided on sex slave issue" 17667:from the original on February 27, 2014 17657:"VII. Conclusions and Recommendations" 17512: 17260: 17153:Pattisson, Pete (September 25, 2013). 17072: 16925: 16659: 16230: 16226: 16033:Forsythe, David P. (August 27, 2009). 15940:Darjusz Kołodziejczyk, as reported by 15632: 15390: 15092:Singer, Isido Singer; Jacobs, Joseph. 15007: 14966: 14877: 14783: 14378:Dias, Maria Suzette Fernandes (2007). 14276: 14192: 14070:Slavery in Portuguese India, 1510–1842 13993: 13699:Hertel, Ralf; Keevak, Michael (2017). 13426: 13214: 13171: 12784: 12495: 12425: 12262:. Twenty-First Century Books. p. 12231:Barbados: Just Beyond Your Imagination 12196: 12142: 12129: 12121: 12113: 11945: 11789: 11428:The Cambridge World History of Slavery 11416: 11326:"Remembering East African slave raids" 11225: 11180: 10980: 10974: 10519: 10497: 10408: 10227: 10131: 10125: 9754: 9700: 9283: 9281: 9159: 9071: 8904: 8880:] (in German). Bright Star Books. 8830: 8504: 8388: 8330: 7544:Queen: The Story of an American Family 6932:presented a report at an event at the 6881:United States House of Representatives 5352:History of slavery in the Muslim world 4993:. Eastern Europe suffered a series of 2898:, black Africans were included in the 34775: 32904: 32702: 32664: 31494: 30139: 29759: 29116: 28856: 26941: 26518: 25709: 23744: 23645: 23280:Roots: The Saga of an American Family 23109:Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl 22545:(c. 1745 Nigeria – 31 March 1797 Eng) 22328: 22315: 22240:. Discovery Education. Archived from 22224:, history of the Victorian Royal Navy 22015: 21990: 21965: 21940: 21497: 21345:European Journal of Law and Economics 21319: 21243:The Slavonic and East European Review 21086: 20909:Muslim Slave System in Medieval India 20728: 20700: 20345:. Vol. 1. Santa Barbara, Calif: 20154: 19961: 19882:The Slavonic and East European Review 19853: 19667: 19597: 19569: 19388: 19376: 19364: 19143: 19117: 18942: 18416: 18316: 18286: 17416: 17293:Australian Strategic Policy Institute 17179: 17006: 16889: 16545: 16526:"Slaves and Slavery in Ancient Egypt" 16517: 16509:Everett, Susanne (October 24, 2011). 16493: 16109:"Nazi slave fund passes final hurdle" 15916:"Servile Labor in the Ottoman Empire" 15844: 15682:"British Slaves on the Barbary Coast" 15457: 15296: 15258:AEthelstan: The First King of England 15035: 14669: 14608: 14570:(Leiden, 1995). See also M.O. Koshy, 14537:Journal of the Burma Research Society 14533:Journal of the Burma Research Society 14339: 14180: 14109:Leite, José Roberto Teixeira (1999). 14108: 14096: 14085:Chinese there were employed as cooks. 14067: 14036:Leite, José Roberto Teixeira (1999). 14035: 13917: 13348: 13124: 13059: 12790:"Small Truth Papering Over a Big Lie" 12691:(1999). "Transatlantic Slave Trade". 12614: 12576: 12501: 12458: 12133: 12093:. US History Publishers. p. 76. 12091:Virginia: A Guide to the Old Dominion 11897: 11619:. Pearson Education. pp. 76–78. 11513: 11461: 11425: 11125: 10765: 10756: 10635:The Image of the Black in Western Art 10576: 10368:from the original on February 5, 2017 10287: 10034: 9900:and its various interpretations, see 9626:"Forced marriages rampant in Ontario" 9623: 9547:Sullivan, Kevin (December 26, 2008). 9444:Dandamayev, M. A.; Barda; Bardadārī. 9325: 8948: 8794: 8764: 8743:Полное собрание сочинений. В 30 томах 8707: 8695: 8564: 8466: 8429: 7445:Roots: The Saga of an American Family 6841:The issue of an apology is linked to 6724:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 6716:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 6525:Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves 6089:Anglo-Egyptian Slave Trade Convention 6025: 5492:saw Europeans dragged to that empire. 4487:Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) 4457:Imperial Japanese occupation of Korea 3478:) and was present at the massacre of 2265:The last country to abolish slavery, 2238:in 1934–1939. By the time of the UN 1459:Anglo-Egyptian Slave Trade Convention 1136:Human trafficking in Papua New Guinea 32644: 31475: 30165: 27478:Practice-based professional learning 26489: 25690: 24730:Capital punishment for homosexuality 24025:Social determinants of mental health 23125:Life and Times of Frederick Douglass 22620:(1783 England – 1821 United States) 22354: 22174:Slavery in America: A Resource Guide 22114: 22094:Nazer, Mende; Lewis, Damien (2009). 22054: 22025:. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation. 21556:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. 21282: 21261: 20781: 20559: 20182: 18982:Coslett, Paul (September 24, 2014). 18963:from the original on January 7, 2020 18948: 18868: 18835: 18541: 18128: 18019:Bradford, Laurence (July 23, 2013). 17879: 17779:from the original on October 6, 2014 16853: 16573:– via The Lost Museum Archive. 16523: 16498:. Sussex Academic Press. p. 91. 16431: 16412:"Mesopotamia: The Code of Hammurabi" 16162: 16089:(in Swedish). 1920. pp. 159–160 15772:Black Africans In Renaissance Europe 15768: 15571:. Trivia-library.com. Archived from 15254: 14878:Joshel, Sandra R. (August 6, 2010). 14852: 14512: 14504: 14419:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 14412: 14377: 13529: 13379: 13028: 12979:杉山正明《忽必烈的挑战》，社会科学文献出版社，2013年，第44–46頁 12815: 12551: 11748: 11555:"The Transatlantic Slave Trade]" 11552: 11464:Give Me Liberty: An American History 11255:10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim030170256 11095: 10742:10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a096007 10726: 10717: 10475: 10444: 10244: 9252:. The Feminist Sexual Ethics Project 8844:German Etymological Legal Dictionary 8567:"One in 200 people is a slave. Why?" 8505:Okeowo, Alexis (September 8, 2014). 6509:Spanish colonization of the Americas 5138:, slaves were usually classified as 5084:(a Muslim Tatar state) maintained a 4308:were enslaved in the process of the 4001:prohibited the importation of slaves 3949:of slaves being driven on foot from 3174: 3062:(also known as Basara), against the 2379:") revolves around illegal control. 2226:and the United Nations, such as the 2201:Chattel slavery survived longest in 1866:, the slave is legally rendered the 1656:Slave marriages in the United States 1255:Human trafficking in the Middle East 28026:Workers' right to access the toilet 25879:Discrimination based on nationality 24850:Genital modification and mutilation 22193:Digital Library on American Slavery 21863:Vorenberg, Michael (May 21, 2001). 20902: 20106:"Suicide in the Soviet Gulag Camps" 20071: 19677:(2nd revised ed.). Hong Kong: 19631:Barnes, Steven A. (April 4, 2011). 19218:Stokes, Melvyn (January 15, 2008). 18924:"Virginia 'sorry' for slavery role" 18898:"Blair 'sorry' for UK slavery role" 18670:"Home Page | Agrarian Studies" 17929:Huang Rongwen (February 10, 2022). 17914:. November 20, 2018. Archived from 17888:"Debt Bondage in Space, and Taiwan" 17886:Peter Bengtsen (October 31, 2023). 17439:. February 28, 2017. Archived from 16434:The Encyclopedia of Ancient History 16321: 15975: 15657: 15439:"The Saxon Slave-Market in Bristol" 15337: 14941: 14823:"Resisting Slavery in Ancient Rome" 13120: 12998:Williams, R. Owen (November 2006). 12636:. Scholastic Reference. p. 8. 12315:"Domínio Público – Pesquisa Básica" 12225: 12154:Handbook to Life in the Aztec World 11046:. History-world.org. Archived from 11023: 10981:Bagley, H. R. C. (August 1, 1997). 10886:Shillington, Kevin (July 4, 2013). 10800:. September 3, 2001. Archived from 10688: 10333:Lockhart, James; Schwartz, Stuart. 10082:"Slavery and other property rights" 9755:Machan, Tibor R. (April 13, 2000). 9668:from the original on June 13, 2015. 9624:Black, Debra (September 20, 2013). 9474: 9307: 9278: 9074:Ancient Slavery and Modern Ideology 9041:Bradley, Keith (November 2, 2020). 5775:minority for forced labour, inside 5205: 4526:Muslim domination of northern India 3300:Slavery in colonial Spanish America 3231:, another four million through the 3199:National Museum of American History 2993:) from the interior in present-day 2749:A combination of these include the 2314:where a female can be coerced into 1847:, slavery was a typical feature of 1839:to pay a debt or earn money due to 990:Human trafficking in Southeast Asia 24: 29118: 29117: 23770: 23464:The Escape; or, A Leap for Freedom 23336:Hang a Thousand Trees with Ribbons 22614:(c. 1710 Portugal – 1734 Montreal) 22567:Nunzio Otello Francesco Gioacchino 22273:Slave Ships and the Middle Passage 21818:The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism 21726:University of South Carolina Press 21372: 21124:. American Philosophical Society. 20881:The Shell Money of the Slave Trade 20832:Greene, Jacqueline Dembar (2001). 20785:Slavery and Empire in Central Asia 20656:The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism 20624:Empire of Cotton: A Global History 20601: 19894:10.5699/slaveasteurorev2.90.4.0735 19674:Fidalgos in the Far East 1550–1770 18813:. Africawithin.com. Archived from 18474:10.1111/j.1540-6563.1994.tb01322.x 18087:. December 5, 2008. Archived from 17804:Missionary Society of St. Columban 17747:from the original on July 14, 2014 17540:"Mauritanian MPs pass slavery law" 17463:"Mauritanian MPs pass slavery law" 17104:Sebastian, Clare (July 30, 2018). 17030:from the original on July 27, 2020 16926:Fortin, Jacey (January 16, 2013). 16513:. Chartwell Books. pp. 10–11. 15316:10.1111/j.1468-0289.2007.00401_3.x 14670:Klein, Martin A. (2014). "Maori". 14642:Islam and the Abolition of Slavery 13891:Hideyoshi korean slaves guns silk. 13388:. Institute of Economic Research, 12203:University of North Carolina Press 12174:. Discover Jamaica. Archived from 11904:Northern Illinois University Press 11481:M'bokolo, Elikia (April 1, 1998). 11302:. October 17, 2002. Archived from 10666:Mohaiemen, Naeem (July 27, 2004). 10520:Harris, W. V. (February 3, 2011). 10409:Pollak, Michael (March 28, 2014). 9741:. Refers to both the military and 9701:Krembs, Peter (January 20, 2003). 9598:. Honordiaries.com. Archived from 9555:from the original on June 12, 2018 9484:. November 2, 2009. Archived from 9289:"Mauritanian MPs pass slavery law" 8938:from the original on May 21, 2015. 8637:Jankowiak, Marek (February 2017). 8613: 8597:. January 30, 2007. Archived from 5633:Illegal immigration § Slavery 5228:created a system of, according to 4566: 4446:in 1775, and he and his successor 3894:government allowed some rights to 3339:of Texas, also practiced slavery. 3070:region and areas further south in 2787:the extirpation of slavery in 1865 2533: 2429: 2123: 1644:last survivors of American slavery 25: 35641: 32703: 31520: 26710:Right to refuse medical treatment 23565:Songs of the Underground Railroad 23525:Abolitionism in the United States 23033:(c. 1795 Nigeria – ? Brazil) 22664:(c. 1819 – ???, Puerto Rico) 22228:Slavery and the Making of America 22162: 22145:Black Rednecks and White Liberals 21607: 21148:Economic and Industrial Democracy 21118:Westermann, William Linn (1955). 20185:Vestiges of Old Madras, 1640-1800 19643: 19601:New slavery: a reference handbook 18836:Ball, Jeremy R. (November 2003), 18317:Foner, Eric (December 30, 2007). 17695:from the original on July 7, 2014 17637:from the original on July 2, 2014 17417:Adams, Paul (February 28, 2017). 17208:Helmore, Edward (July 19, 2018). 17073:DeLuca, Matthew (June 19, 2013). 16867:. October 4, 2013. Archived from 16835:International Labour Organization 16132:"Forced Labour under Third Reich" 16130:Beyer, John; Schneider, Stephan. 15511:Phillips, William D. Jr. (1985). 15297:Goose, Nigel (October 18, 2007). 15116:"Slavery Encyclopedia of Ukraine" 14970:The American Journal of Philology 14574:(New Delhi, 1989); K.K. Kusuman, 14245:(illustrated, reprint ed.). 14000:(illustrated, reprint ed.). 13997:The memory palace of Matteo Ricci 13638:Hoffman, Michael (May 26, 2013). 13380:Rhee, Young-hoon; Yang, Donghyu. 12720:"Social Aspects of the Civil War" 12697:. New York: Basic Civitas Books. 12554:"The Birth of Race-Based Slavery" 12016: 10695:Ochiengʼ, William Robert (1975). 10356:"One day we will start a big war" 9896:For sources about the concept of 9811: 9723: 9682:. reliefweb.int. November 9, 2004 8366:. In Schaefer, Richard T. (ed.). 8362:Baker-Kimmons, Leslie C. (2008). 6126:African Slave Trade Patrol (U.S.) 5448:and Eastern Europe (mainly Slavs 5306:legacies in contemporary Russia. 5273:, after which he was awarded the 5080:Until the late 18th century, the 4524:. Slavery intensified during the 4076:Slaves on a Virginia plantation ( 3486:population had spurred the first 3123:by an Anglo-Dutch fleet in 1816. 2696:Private versus state-owned slaves 2640: 2209:had been suppressed, the ancient 605:Field slaves in the United States 472:Slavery in the Rashidun Caliphate 32643: 32632: 32631: 31474: 31465: 31464: 30347:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 30120: 30119: 28882: 28797: 28796: 28090:Corporate collapses and scandals 26498: 26488: 26479: 26478: 25689: 25680: 25679: 25329:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 25166:Law for Protection of the Nation 25066:White genocide conspiracy theory 23613:Slave Songs of the United States 23117:The Underground Railroad Records 23027:(? Puerto Rico – 1555 Venezuela) 21414:University of Pennsylvania Press 21323:Journal of Comparative Economics 20560:Vink, Markus P. M. (June 1998). 19765:Campbell, Gwyn; Miers, Suzanne; 19736:Campbell, Gwyn; Miers, Suzanne; 19454: 19417: 19382: 19308: 19277: 19242: 19211: 19154: 19137: 19111: 19085: 19060: 19026: 19001: 18975: 18916: 18890: 18829: 18802: 18769: 18747: 18698: 18662: 18636: 18614: 18588: 18562: 18535: 18372: 18346: 18310: 18280: 18251: 18195: 18162: 18073: 18057:. March 30, 2007. Archived from 18043: 17959: 17922: 17898: 17851: 17823: 17791: 17759: 17727: 17679: 17649: 17616: 17588: 17572:. March 17, 2012. Archived from 17558: 17532: 17481: 17455: 17429: 17410: 17386: 17378:. April 12, 2017. Archived from 17360: 17346: 17329: 17311: 17280: 17254: 17229: 17201: 17180:Booth, Robert (March 24, 2016). 17173: 17146: 17120: 17097: 17066: 17046: 17000: 16974: 16938: 16919: 16895: 16795: 16731: 16681: 16653: 16635: 16599: 16551: 16524:Dunn, Jimmy (October 24, 2011). 16494:David, Rosalie (April 1, 1998). 16462: 16446:10.1002/9781444338386.wbeah15006 16425: 16365: 16345: 16260: 16236: 16206: 16176: 16156: 16123: 16101: 16075: 16053: 15994: 15934: 15926:. pp. 25–43. Archived from 15907: 15869: 15800: 15762: 15674: 15651: 15626: 15561: 15535: 15504: 15481: 15431: 15384: 15354: 15350:. p. 63. GGKEY:HYPAY3GPAA5. 15331: 15290: 15168: 15130: 15108: 15085: 15059: 15029: 14960: 14935: 14902: 14815: 14751: 14708: 14663: 14589: 14582:(The Hague, 1943); H. Terpstra, 14556: 14542: 14517: 14474: 14413:Levi, Scott C. (November 2002). 14406: 14396: 14371: 14333: 14308: 14270: 14239:Kitagawa, Joseph Mitsuo (2013). 14232: 14213: 14186: 14166: 14131: 14102: 14090: 14029: 13987: 13949: 13911: 13896: 13849: 13804: 13759: 13721: 13692: 13662: 13631: 13570: 13462: 13420: 13373: 13246: 13215:Lipman, Jonathan Neaman (2004). 13208: 13165: 13134: 13114: 13084: 13053: 13022: 12982: 12973: 12939: 12896: 12866: 12835: 12809: 12778: 12760: 12734: 12712: 12623: 12545: 12514: 12452: 12436:. pp. 28–31. Archived from 12385: 12325: 12280: 12247: 12152:Agurilar-Moreno, Manuel (2006). 12107: 12030: 12010: 11965: 11939: 11921: 11891: 11873: 11855: 11823: 11742: 11717: 11664: 11633: 11606: 11572: 11546: 11474: 11455: 11382: 11344: 11318: 11286: 11261: 11234: 11190:Carroll, Rory (March 11, 2004). 11126:Davis, R. (September 16, 2003). 11119: 11089: 11062: 10850:A History of World Civilizations 10392:Colonialism in Africa, 1870–1914 9745:requirements of Italy as slavery 9246:"Traditional or Chattel Slavery" 8531: 8230: 8218: 8175: 8127: 8115: 8073: 8031: 8019: 7978: 7939: 7898: 7856: 7818: 7806: 7766: 7754: 7717: 7676: 7664: 7620: 7578: 7530: 7479: 7431: 7374: 7325: 7281: 7228: 7188: 7146: 7100: 6094:Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1880 5593:Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1880 5360:Slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate 5356:Slavery in the Umayyad Caliphate 5286:"violence of human exploitation" 5236:", slave labor camps called the 4782:Slavery in early medieval Europe 4744:Medieval and early modern Europe 4442:implemented a policy of gradual 3968:. Slavery had been practiced in 3953:, Virginia to Tennessee in 1850. 3936: 3391: 3380: 3064:slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate 3052:slavery in the Umayyad Caliphate 2896:Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor 2690: 2479:"Slavery" has been used by some 2345: 2276: 2143:A poster for a slave auction in 1904:more than 50% of slaves provide 1816: 482:Slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate 477:Slavery in the Umayyad Caliphate 306:Slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate 76: 32413:Countries by incarceration rate 32326:Prison Fellowship International 26499: 25171:MSM blood donation restrictions 24919:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 22993:(19th century Indian Territory) 22967:(1766 Saint-Dominque – 1853 NY) 21797:Stampp, Kenneth Milton (1969). 21721:Life and Labor in the Old South 21679:Slavery: History And Historians 21655:Slavery: History and Historians 21098:University Press of New England 21068:. Vol. 2. Westport, Conn: 20513:Journal of Early Modern History 20478:Saunders, A.C. de C.M. (1982). 20242:Prakash, Om (January 1, 1985). 19480: 19321:Black American Literature Forum 19040:. June 19, 2009. Archived from 16616:Journal of Early Modern History 15607:Journal of Early Modern History 15261:. The English Monarchs Series. 14497:Raychaudhuri & Habib (1982) 12426:Farmer, Paul (April 15, 2004). 12339:(in Portuguese). Archived from 11975:The Journal of Economic History 11164:. Research News. Archived from 11036: 10910: 10879: 10840: 10808: 10786: 10659: 10626: 10596: 10577:Perbi, Akosua (April 5, 2001). 10570: 10513: 10469: 10438: 10402: 10380: 10348: 10326: 10300: 10288:Ryall, Julian (April 2, 2015). 10281: 10267: 10183: 10145: 10099: 10073: 10038:The Journal of Economic History 10028: 9993:The Journal of Economic History 9983: 9954: 9890: 9832: 9805: 9774: 9748: 9717: 9694: 9672: 9648: 9617: 9585: 9567: 9540: 9526:"Campaign Page: Child Soldiers" 9518: 9492: 9452: 9437: 9417:Slavery and South Asian History 9383: 9357: 9331: 9238: 9203: 9178: 9153: 9130: 9065: 9034: 8987:Keith Bradley (March 7, 2016). 8980: 8942: 8915: 8898: 8860: 8824: 8788: 8758: 8727: 8701: 8679:"The international slave trade" 8671: 8630: 6946:List of films featuring slavery 6712:United Nations General Assembly 6636:. British Member of Parliament 6462: 6141:Eastern Naval Division (Brazil) 6114:Brussels Conference Act of 1890 6015:For a chronological guide, see 6004: 5875:Women are often raped, used as 5709: 5605:Saudi Arabia's slave population 5364:Slavery in the Mamluk Sultanate 5161: 4762:Slavery in the Byzantine Empire 4421:classes) other than the ruling 4276:Southern and Northern Dynasties 4249:Han dynasty records in DongGuan 4192: 3032:Encyclopedia of African History 2768: 2394:Child soldiers and child labour 2232:Committee of Experts on Slavery 1908:, usually in the factories and 1432:Committee of Experts on Slavery 983:East, Southeast, and South Asia 27:Ownership of people as property 29761: 28590:Employment-to-population ratio 27962:Occupational health psychology 26967: 26922:Sexual and reproductive health 26819:Right to a healthy environment 26384:Go back to where you came from 25184:(as religious or racial quota) 23675:relationships and institutions 23597:Slave-Trading in the Old South 22651:(c. 1788 Bermuda – after 1833) 21999:University of California Press 21974:University of California Press 21772:Sellers, James Benson (1994). 21406:; Rockman, Seth, eds. (2016). 19915:The American Historical Review 19799:Kolyma: The Arctic Death Camps 19581:University of California Press 19249:Morsberger, Robert E. (1977). 18949:Muir, Hugh (August 24, 2007). 18778:Topics in West African history 17740:Christian Solidarity Worldwide 17688:World Report 2014: North Korea 17513:Sutter, John D. (March 2012). 17261:Tutton, Mark (July 19, 2018). 17016:. Melville House. p. 29. 16276:Anderson & Tollison (1985) 14979:Johns Hopkins University Press 14639:Clarence-Smith, W. G. (2006). 14615:Kyoto Review of Southeast Asia 13964:University of California Press 13676:. May 10, 2007. Archived from 13430:Views on Korean social history 13261:University of California Press 13223:University of Washington Press 13149:University of California Press 11796:University of California Press 11648:Johns Hopkins University Press 11096:Syed, Muzaffar Husain (2011). 10698:Eastern Kenya and Its Invaders 10445:Ober, Josiah (June 26, 2018). 9390:Sleightholme; Indrani (1996). 8922:Waldman, Katy (May 19, 2015). 8558: 8355: 8324: 6902: 6796:law, recognizing slavery as a 5975: 5966: 5902: 5676:According to a 2003 report by 5621:Slavery in contemporary Africa 5532:and Cairo in as late as 1909. 5345: 5046:, in a subsequent attack upon 2665:, issued between 1845 and 1849 2657:Barefooted slaves depicted in 2567:, in which output depended on 2155:Portrait of an older woman in 2093: 1965:which ultimately derives from 1837:voluntarily enter into slavery 1131:Slave raiding in Easter Island 13: 1: 35179:Traditional African religions 32690: 28678:Works Progress Administration 28570:Unemployment Convention, 1919 27982:Personal protective equipment 27535:Occupational Outlook Handbook 26839:Right to public participation 25598:Second-generation gender bias 25314:Constitutional colorblindness 24015:Social determinants of health 23272:The Confessions of Nat Turner 23237: 23230: 23061:The Narrative of Robert Adams 22475: 22167: 22141:"The Real History of Slavery" 21477:Blackmon, Douglas A. (2012). 20964:Northwestern University Press 20939:University of Wisconsin Press 20273:Prakash, Om (June 28, 1998). 18984:"Liverpool's slavery apology" 18379:Dorigny, Marcel, ed. (2003). 16390:10.1080/00085006.2017.1384665 16272:Lester & Krysinska (2008) 16097:– via Project Runeberg. 15951:The Journal of Jewish Studies 15748:. pp. 158–160, 362–370. 14909:Santosuosso, Antonio (2001). 13177:"The History of Civilization" 12816:Lowe, Jaime (July 27, 2021). 12615:Moore, Wilbert Ellis (1980). 11676:University of Texas at Austin 11389:Veenhoven, Willem A. (1977). 11072:The Last Great Muslim Empires 10984:The Last Great Muslim Empires 10190:Griswold, Charles L. (1999). 10141:. New York: Burdick Brothers. 9846:British Journal of Psychiatry 9467:. pp. 1640–1645 (1642). 8477:"Slavery in the 21st century" 8317: 6934:University of the West Indies 6502: 6449:World Anti-Slavery Convention 5890: 5559:centred in the Central Asian 5393: 5368:Slavery in the Ottoman Empire 4888:'s laws dealt with slaves in 4835:were the destinations, while 4775:Boleslaus II, Duke of Bohemia 4512: 4107:Confederate States of America 4083: 4005:plantations in the Deep South 3925:of 1804, the only successful 3638:Funeral at slave plantation, 2929:13th-century slave market in 2674: 2629:Sale and inspection of slaves 2321: 39:Slave Master (disambiguation) 34776: 32305:Prison Advice and Care Trust 28759:Psychopathy in the workplace 27932:Human factors and ergonomics 26859:Right to science and culture 23605:Sarah Johnson's Mount Vernon 23560:Slavery in the United States 22917:Greensbury Washington Offley 21506:University Press of Kentucky 21501:Black Southerners, 1619–1869 21140:Journal articles and reviews 20210:Personal Research Collection 20183:Love, Henry Davison (1913). 20113:Archives of Suicide Research 19555:. Brookfield, VT: Variorum. 19118:Brown, Kim (July 10, 2023). 18755:"Routes of Enslaved Peoples" 18497:The Journal of Negro History 17155:"Qatar's World Cup 'slaves'" 16932:International Business Times 16643:"Sexual slavery – the harem" 16436:. Hoboken, New Jersey, USA: 16243:Gregory & Lazarev (2003) 16223:Gregory & Lazarev (2003) 16188:Facing History and Ourselves 16036:Encyclopedia of Human Rights 16015:. p. 27. Archived from 15219:. Studies in Legal History. 14761:. Dl.ket.org. Archived from 14609:Bowie, Katherine A. (1996). 14464:"Windows – Slice of history" 14242:Religion in Japanese History 13994:Spence, Jonathan D. (1985). 13728:Michael Weiner, ed. (2004). 13610:Women's Studies Encyclopedia 12059:Billings, Warren M. (2009). 9076:. Viking Press. p. 71. 8565:Hodal, Kate (May 31, 2016). 8479:. Newint.org. Archived from 8271:International Slavery Museum 6783: 6675: 6274:Temporary Slavery Commission 5869:Sub-Saharan African migrants 5867:, Libyans started capturing 5737:In the preparations for the 5500:. In the Ottoman capital of 5418:Historically, slaves in the 5282:"other forms of slave labor" 5232:and the "perspective of the 4203: 3958:Slavery in the United States 3855:("Black Code"), prepared by 3774:started with the arrival of 3763:Brazil in the 21st century. 3308:Slavery in the United States 3137:in East Africa, 19th century 2945:were transported across the 2538: 2228:Temporary Slavery Commission 2086: 2080: 2068: 2062: 2015: 2003: 1988: 1976: 1939: 1874:describes the conditions of 1422:Temporary Slavery Commission 1083:Slavery in the Mongol Empire 7: 34507:Food and drink prohibitions 32905: 28744:Narcissism in the workplace 27957:Occupational exposure limit 26685:Right to keep and bear arms 26595:Freedom from discrimination 25509:Medical model of disability 25361:Hate speech laws by country 23629:The Hemingses of Monticello 23530:African-American literature 22302:at the Walk Free Foundation 21820:. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; 21780:University of Alabama Press 21610:"Slavery Facts & Myths" 21014:University Press of Florida 20658:. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; 20217:Millward, James A. (1998). 20049:Kozlowski, Darrell (2010). 19991:University of Georgia Press 19427:Journal of American History 19315:Worthington-Smith, Hammet; 19163:The Politics of Cine-Memory 18505:University of Chicago Press 17966:Max Hirsch (May 23, 2007). 17515:"Slavery's last stronghold" 17356:. BBC News. April 11, 2017. 16689:"The Freeing of the Slaves" 16291:Alexopoulos, Golfo (2017). 16163:Steinert, Johannes-Dieter. 15884:University of Toronto Press 15519:Manchester University Press 15303:The Economic History Review 15118:. Encyclopediaofukraine.com 14729:10.7767/zrgra.1957.74.1.403 13141:Schafer, Edward H. (1963). 12665:University of Chicago Press 12657:McInnis, Maurie D. (2011). 12630:Clinton, Catherine (1999). 12585:University of Florida Press 12577:Smith, Julia Floyd (1973). 12287:Mentelle, Simon M. (1777). 12158:California State University 11580:"Nigeria – The Slave Trade" 11247:University of Chicago Press 10818:; Tordoff, William (2001). 10482:University of Georgia Press 10160:University of Georgia Press 9781:Valenstein, Elliot (2002). 9532:. June 2001. Archived from 8994:Oxford Classical Dictionary 8249: 6790:National Assembly of France 6760:American Anti-Slavery Group 6684:, was formed in Britain by 6665:encouraging other countries 6597: 6291:Ad Hoc Committee on Slavery 6121:West Africa Squadron (U.K.) 5941:sector and forced labor in 5909:Human rights in North Korea 5637:Slavery in the 21st century 5336:aside from the introduction 5256: 5224:Between 1930 and 1960, the 4409: 4289:The commentary of Tang Code 4164:, some prisoners in the US 3731:first Portuguese settlement 3578:English and Dutch Caribbean 3423:, and numerous rebellions. 3277: 2720: 2710: 2702: 2318:in order to pay off debts. 2240:Ad Hoc Committee on Slavery 2112:). Other historians prefer 1442:Ad Hoc Committee on Slavery 487:Volga Bulgarian slave trade 10: 35646: 32637:Imprisonment and detention 31565:Stanford prison experiment 31359:African diaspora religions 30483:Indigenous Black Canadians 28967:Weberian (three-component) 28673:Civil Works Administration 28555:Technological unemployment 28031:Workplace health promotion 27488:Professional certification 27185:Personality–job fit theory 25735: 25618:Social model of disability 24070:Discrimination against men 23445:A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin 22551:(c. 1705 Bornu – 1775 Eng) 22367:Slave Narrative Collection 21966:Bales, Kevin, ed. (2005). 21871:Cambridge University Press 21830:10.4135/9781412965811.n286 20886:Cambridge University Press 20790:Cambridge University Press 20765:Cambridge University Press 20757:Drescher, Seymour (2009). 20668:10.4135/9781412965811.n285 20486:Cambridge University Press 20319:Cambridge University Press 20311:Richards, John F. (2012). 20304:Cambridge University Press 20281:Cambridge University Press 20279:. Vol. II. New York: 20248:Princeton University Press 20206:"Slavery: A World History" 20080:Greenwood Publishing Group 19981:Forbes, Robert P. (1998). 19703:American Heritage Magazine 19637:Princeton University Press 19261:(2): 87–98. Archived from 19175:10.1002/9781118322673.ch22 18235:Greenwood Publishing Group 16629:10.1163/157006507780385125 16218:Glavnoe Upravlenie Lagerei 16184:"The Holocaust in Belarus" 15853:Cambridge University Press 15845:Klein, Herbert S. (2010). 15777:Cambridge University Press 15620:10.1163/157006507780385125 15362:"Medieval English society" 15221:Cambridge University Press 15145:Cambridge University Press 14886:Cambridge University Press 14881:Slavery in the Roman World 14792:Cambridge University Press 13866:Cambridge University Press 13615:Greenwood Publishing Group 12529:Greenwood Publishing Group 12467:Cambridge University Press 12459:Kiple, Kenneth F. (2002). 12321:(in Brazilian Portuguese). 11725:"Slavery in the New World" 11613:Rubinstein, W. D. (2004). 11553:Bortolot, Alexander Ives. 11468:W. W. Norton & Company 11448:Journal of African History 11432:Cambridge University Press 11352:"Focus on the slave trade" 11099:A Concise History of Islam 10794:"Focus on the slave trade" 10676:. Vol. 5, no. 61 10584:. latinamericanstudies.org 10453:Princeton University Press 10396:Cambridge University Press 10394:. Vol. I. Cambridge: 10339:Cambridge University Press 10198:Cambridge University Press 9882:Spiegel, Marjorie (1996). 9761:Ludwig von Mises Institute 9219:W. W. Norton & Company 8957:Edinburgh University Press 8802:. In Elmar Seebold (ed.). 6943: 6906: 6852:On February 25, 2007, the 6764:Anti-Slavery International 6710:On December 10, 1948, the 6682:Anti-Slavery International 6658:Slavery Abolition Act 1833 6014: 6008: 5906: 5764: 5614: 5470:; and from Europe via the 5349: 5328:Glavnoe Upravlenie Lagerei 5303:other forms of slave labor 5209: 5173: 4932:Slavery Abolition Act 1833 4854:) were important sources. 4747: 4636: 4605: 4570: 4345: 4223: 4199:History of slavery in Asia 4196: 4122:United States Constitution 3315:can be traced back to the 3281: 2961:civilizations. During the 2860: 2806: 2800: 2796: 2779:French colony of Louisiana 2683:A widespread practice was 2649:Branding of a female slave 2433: 2403: 2397: 2355: 2349: 2286: 2280: 2207:Trans-Atlantic slave trade 2074: 2056: 2027: 2021: 2009: 1997: 1982: 1970: 1627:Great Dismal Swamp maroons 1464:Anti-Slavery International 1229:North Africa and West Asia 43: 36: 29: 35197: 35045: 34824: 34786: 34782: 34771: 34359: 34062: 33880: 33559: 33395:Cross-cultural psychology 33353: 33213:Manipulation (psychology) 33079: 32915: 32911: 32900: 32709: 32698: 32626: 32436: 32404: 32379: 32298:Prison abolition movement 32256:Florida Justice Institute 32232: 32036: 31951: 31911: 31830: 31777: 31652: 31643: 31574: 31528: 31460: 31349: 31334:African Hebrew Israelites 31319: 31273: 31210: 31199: 31179: 31110:Afro-Asians in South Asia 31075: 30988: 30823: 30673: 30458: 30384: 30194: 30180: 30173: 30115: 30056: 29948: 29916: 29883: 29809: 29781: 29768: 29755: 29673: 29630: 29590: 29572: 29491: 29409: 29369: 29278: 29271: 29226: 29129: 29125: 29112: 28975: 28929: 28925: 28896: 28792: 28691: 28653:Guaranteed minimum income 28610: 28451: 28325: 28238:Organizational commitment 28190: 28082: 28049: 27912: 27837: 27714: 27641: 27575: 27362: 27284: 27228: 27078: 26975: 26882: 26849:Right to rest and leisure 26755: 26560: 26553: 26474: 26351: 26184: 25952: 25854: 25743: 25675: 25414: 25291: 25084: 24971:Opposition to immigration 24695: 24325: 24162: 23922: 23872:Race / Ethnicity 23809: 23778: 23680: 23517: 23490: 23455: 23438:To a Southern Slaveholder 23429: 23394: 23226:The Bondwoman's Narrative 23175: 23101:My Bondage and My Freedom 23085:The Life of Josiah Henson 23069:American Slavery as It Is 23044: 23011: 22671: 22627: 22602: 22576: 22529: 22512: 22497:Andreas Matthäus Wolfgang 22386: 22375: 22362: 22322: 22317:Links to related articles 22300:2018 Global Slavery Index 22293: 21914:Slavery in the modern era 21808:Trenchard, David (2008). 21751:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt 21743:Resendez, Andres (2016). 21710:. D. Appleton. p. 1. 21676:Parish, Peter J. (2018). 21653:Parish, Peter J. (1989). 21297:10.1017/S0018246X00011171 21276:10.1080/00346769500000007 21189:10.1080/00346760110035572 21101:Wesleyan University Press 21042:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt 21006:Postma, Johannes (2005). 20810:Slavery in the Arab World 20225:Stanford University Press 20125:10.1080/13811110701857541 20022:Higginbotham, A. Leon Jr. 19962:Foner, Philip S. (1980). 19937:Ellerman, David Patterson 19801:. New York: Viking Press. 18706:"The law against slavery" 18287:Green, Howard L. (1995). 18169:Clarence-Smith, William. 17835:(Television production). 16865:Global Slavery Index 2013 15924:Columbia University Press 15746:Columbia University Press 15637:. Routledge. p. 17. 15492:. Scottish Mining Website 14759:"Slavery in Ancient Rome" 14572:The Dutch Power in Kerala 14431:10.1017/S1356186302000329 14247:Columbia University Press 13903:McCormack, Gavan (2001). 13427:Palais, James B. (1998). 13390:Seoul National University 13349:Klein, Martin A. (2014). 13068:Stanford University Press 13060:Huang, Philip C. (2001). 13037:Stanford University Press 12403:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt 12254:Streissguth, Tom (2009). 11988:10.1017/S002205070003134X 11950:. Alba House. p. 3. 11761:10.1080/00438240120047591 10766:Lodhi, Abdulaziz (2000). 10251:Columbia University Press 10051:10.1017/S0022050700078566 10006:10.1017/S0022050700074623 9886:. New York: Mirror Books. 9828:– via Google Books. 9160:Bergad, Laird W. (2007). 9113:10.1080/00438240120047627 9072:Finley, Moses I. (1980). 8715:[Article Slave]. 8656:10.1017/S0020743816001240 8623:Oxford English Dictionary 7311:Drama, Exploitation film 6747:(representing Zen Master 6553:Emancipation Proclamation 6059: 5932: 5767:Xinjiang internment camps 5585:Trans-Saharan slave trade 5516:– were imported into the 5275:Nobel Prize in Literature 5245: 4941:Edinburgh Evening Courant 4777:for the release of slaves 4674:slavery in Ancient Greece 4639:Slavery in ancient Greece 4627: 4585:The hill tribe people in 4387:existed since before the 4187:Conservation Camp Program 4150:Federal Prison Industries 3691: 3586:Planting the sugar cane, 2939:trans-Saharan slave trade 2856: 2619:Lectures on Jurisprudence 2310:system found in parts of 2211:Trans-Saharan slave trade 2192:all men are created equal 1947: 1882:that most slaves endure. 1728:Emancipation Proclamation 1395:Opposition and resistance 1153:Sex trafficking in Europe 1141:Blackbirding in Polynesia 704:Trans-Saharan slave trade 33745:Mass psychogenic illness 33596:Collective effervescence 33037:Self-fulfilling prophecy 32723:Collective consciousness 32349:The Prison Phoenix Trust 31793:Administrative detention 30376:Turks and Caicos Islands 30089:Pre-industrial East Asia 28822:Aspects of organizations 28503:Involuntary unemployment 28064:Equal pay for equal work 27987:Repetitive strain injury 27493:Professional development 27483:Professional association 27165:Letter of recommendation 26864:Right to social security 26829:Right to Internet access 26774:Equal pay for equal work 26660:Presumption of innocence 24966:Occupational segregation 24735:Compulsory sterilization 23384:The Underground Railroad 23149:The Peculiar Institution 22794:Sarah Jane Woodson Early 22251:, University of London, 22249:Slavery archival sources 21716:Phillips, Ulrich Bonnell 21702:Phillips, Ulrich Bonnell 21439:Harvard University Press 21264:Review of Social Economy 21177:Review of Social Economy 21160:10.1177/0143831x94152010 21088:Shell, Robert Carl-Heinz 21009:The Atlantic Slave Trade 20981:Morgan, Kenneth (2007). 20815:Rowman & Littlefield 20646:Davies, Stephen (2008). 20484:(illustrated ed.). 20373:. Santa Barbara, Calif: 20204:Meltzer, Milton (1993). 20072:Lee, Kenneth B. (1997). 19863:Harvard University Press 19696:Burnham, Philip (1993). 19292:Rowman & Littlefield 18869:Services, Tribune News. 18844:(Review), archived from 18542:Wise, Steven M. (2006). 18435:10.3167/fpcs.2008.260306 18263:"Bartolomé de Las Casas" 17323:business-humanrights.org 16831:"Forced labour – Themes" 16378:Canadian Slavonic Papers 16337:. Anchor. Archived from 16331:(2007). "Introduction". 16013:The Jamestown Foundation 15876:Subtelny, Orest (2000). 15848:The Atlantic Slave Trade 15807:Northrup, David (2002). 15658:Brodman, James William. 15096:. Jewishencyclopedia.com 14858:"The Roman slave supply" 14678:Rowman & Littlefield 14343:Japanese and the Jesuits 14068:Pinto, Jeanette (1992). 13734:(illustrated ed.). 13359:Publishers. p. 13. 13357:Rowman & Littlefield 13193:10.4324/9781315005508-24 12521:Coupeau, Steeve (2008). 12508:Indiana University Press 12197:Childs, Matt D. (2006). 12087:Federal Writers' Project 11946:Panzer, Joel S. (1996). 11672:"Aztec Social Structure" 11588:U.S. Library of Congress 10923:Journal of World History 10822:(4 ed.). Budapest: 10643:Harvard University Press 10245:Kara, Siddharth (2008). 9841:"Slavery and psychiatry" 9421:Indiana University Press 8742: 7925:Historical drama / epic 7212:Angélique and the Sultan 7132:Historical drama / epic 7086:Historical drama / epic 6939: 6854:Commonwealth of Virginia 6642:William Pitt the Younger 5995:forced into prostitution 5858: 5760: 5753:and 24.9 million are in 5579:to the Gulf or Aden, or 5464:Indian Ocean slave trade 5440:), Central Asia (mainly 4936:Indian Slavery Act, 1843 4914:population were slaves. 4794:Council of London (1102) 4561:Indian Slavery Act, 1843 4493:and Indian slaves. King 4370:were serious in nature. 4261:: Biography of Wang Mang 4130:Prison Policy Initiative 3766: 3533:Spanish colonial America 3048:Indian Ocean slave trade 3026:, Ethiopia and Somalia. 2967:Indian Ocean slave trade 2410:Military use of children 2215:Indian Ocean slave trade 1503:Compensated emancipation 714:Indian Ocean slave trade 35085:Eastern Orthodox Church 33626:Culture-bound syndromes 33601:Collective intelligence 32427:Films featuring prisons 32284:Mount Tamalpais College 31938:Prisoner-of-war escapes 31668:Corrective labor colony 29137:Administrative detainee 28807:Aspects of corporations 28769:Slow movement (culture) 28648:Employer of last resort 28550:Structural unemployment 28488:Frictional unemployment 27927:Epilepsy and employment 27814:Performance-related pay 27748:National average salary 27666:996 working hour system 26740:right to be a candidate 26570:Equality before the law 26414:Psychometrics of racism 25864:Anti-miscegenation laws 25494:Internalized oppression 25356:Fighting Discrimination 25346:Fat acceptance movement 25304:Anti-discrimination law 24944:Native American mascots 23555:Films featuring slavery 23019:Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua 22943:William Henry Singleton 22748:Ellen and William Craft 22306:What is Modern Slavery? 22238:"Understanding Slavery" 22055:Hawk, David R. (2012). 21896:Oxford University Press 21524:Engerman, Stanley Lewis 21498:Boles, John B. (2015). 20989:Oxford University Press 20853:Heuman, Gad J. (2003). 20807:Gordon, Murray (1989). 20740:Oxford University Press 20712:Oxford University Press 20568:University of Minnesota 20526:10.1163/157006597x00028 20166:Oxford University Press 20032:Oxford University Press 19970:Oxford University Press 19909:Donoghue, John (2010). 19831:Danver, Steven (2010). 19775:. Vol. 2. Athens: 19746:. Vol. 1. Athens: 19715:Campbell, Gwyn (2004). 19679:Oxford University Press 19654:Law Library of Congress 19226:Oxford University Press 19169:Ltd. pp. 445–467. 18267:Encyclopedia Britannica 18136:Haydon, Benjamin Robert 17995:"Economics and Slavery" 17936:The Morning (Sri Lanka) 16892:, p. 9, Chapter 1. 16229:, pp. 7, 36, 262; 16065:Encyclopædia Britannica 15914:Inalcik, Halil (1979). 15815:Oxford University Press 15769:Lowe, K. J. P. (2005). 15542:Nicolle, David (1995). 15397:Oxford University Press 15366:University of Wisconsin 15213:Jurasinski, S. (2015). 15071:Encyclopedia Britannica 14647:Oxford University Press 14319:. Xlibris Corporation. 14315:Kshetry, Gopal (2008). 14277:Calman, Donald (2013). 14220:Daigaku, Jōchi (2004). 13918:Lidin, Olof G. (2002). 13826:Oxford University Press 13824:. Vol. 1. Oxford: 13781:Oxford University Press 13779:. Vol. 3. Oxford: 13607:Tierney, Helen (1999). 12878:University of Edinburgh 12502:Moitt, Bernard (2001). 12428:"Who removed Aristide?" 11790:Donald, Leland (1997). 11729:Encyclopædia Britannica 10526:Oxford University Press 10507:Encyclopædia Britannica 9839:Schaler, J. A. (2003). 9143:Oxford University Press 8999:Oxford University Press 8683:Encyclopædia Britannica 8413:Encyclopædia Britannica 8339:Oxford University Press 6986:'s attacks on slavery. 6909:Reparations for slavery 6894:In 2010, Libyan leader 6843:reparations for slavery 6778:The Slave Route Project 6447:A painting of the 1840 6279:1926 Slavery Convention 6264:Treaty of Jeddah (1927) 6249:Battle of Little Bereby 6053:Slave trade suppression 5865:Second Libyan Civil War 5793:Abercrombie & Fitch 5739:2022 World Cup in Qatar 5629:Trafficking of children 5577:across the Indian Ocean 5017:Cantigas de Santa Maria 5005:between 1474 and 1569. 4784:was so common that the 4643:Slavery in ancient Rome 4633:Ancient Greece and Rome 4389:Three Kingdoms of Korea 3786:of the Catholic priest 3160:The Partition of Africa 3109:for a 250-year period: 2510:, who utilise the term 2054:derives from Byzantine 1961: 1427:1926 Slavery Convention 1183:Germany in World War II 800:North and South America 322:Contract of manumission 35526:Social constructionism 35184:Unitarian Universalism 33988:Observational learning 33716:In-group and out-group 33656:False consensus effect 33335:Suppression of dissent 33233:Moral entrepreneurship 33203:Ideological repression 33191:Historical revisionism 32727:Collective unconscious 32061:Contemplative programs 31768:Youth detention center 31620:Prisoner of conscience 31364:Anti-African sentiment 29553: 28817:Aspects of occupations 28623:Unemployment insurance 28575:Unemployment extension 28545:Reserve army of labour 28350:Constructive dismissal 28157:Sleeping while on duty 28122:Exploitation of labour 28004:Sick building syndrome 27180:Person–environment fit 27050:Independent contractor 26600:Freedom of information 26585:Freedom of association 26379:Ethnic plastic surgery 25874:Biological determinism 25613:Social identity threat 25586:Reverse discrimination 25576:Racial color blindness 25056:Violence against women 25036:Sex-selective abortion 23403:Amos Fortune, Free Man 22637:Juan Francisco Manzano 22612:Marie-Joseph Angélique 22520:Brigitta Scherzenfeldt 22503:Johann Georg Wolffgang 22485:Guðríður Símonardóttir 22424:James Leander Cathcart 22187:University of Virginia 22147:. ReadHowYouWant.com. 22121:. St. Martin's Press. 21483:. Icon Books Limited. 21336:10.1006/jcec.1994.1115 21285:The Historical Journal 20541:Toppin, Edgar (2010). 19721:. London: Frank Cass. 19549:Arasaratnam, Sinnappah 19533:. New Delhi: Manohar. 19527:Arasaratnam, Sinnappah 19464:. Ama. africatoday.com 19317:Deburg, William L. Van 19081:on September 30, 2007. 17241:globalslaveryindex.org 17237:"Global Slavery Index" 15963:10.18647/2730/JJS-2007 15930:on September 11, 2009. 15633:Davies, Brian (2007). 13821:Encyclopedia of Africa 13816:Gates, Henry Louis Jr. 13771:Gates, Henry Louis Jr. 13583:. Hollym. p. 14. 12433:London Review of Books 11515:Gates, Henry Louis Jr. 11243:The SHAFR Guide Online 10853:. Wiley. p. 615. 10476:Cobb, Thomas (1999) . 9860:10.1192/bjp.183.1.77-a 9630:The Hamilton Spectator 9139:Colonial Latin America 7884:Historical soap opera 6960: 6923:statute of limitations 6879:On July 30, 2008, the 6812: 6798:crime against humanity 6732: 6594: 6587:Joseph Jenkins Roberts 6579: 6517:Bartolomé de las Casas 6476: 6456: 6228:Bombardment of Johanna 6136:Brazil Squadron (U.S.) 6131:Africa Squadron (U.S.) 5673: 5646: 5544: 5493: 5385: 5332: 5314:has come to represent 5308: 5265:Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn 5221: 5171: 5127: 5067: 5020: 4974:Ottoman wars in Europe 4970:Byzantine-Ottoman wars 4965: 4946:history of coal mining 4817: 4809: 4778: 4669: 4666:Schnorr von Carolsfeld 4381: 4242:of Shouxiang, had his 4221: 4090: 3954: 3879:fetuses, or committed 3849: 3825: 3814: 3796:French colonial period 3788:Bartolomé de las Casas 3739: 3729:began long before the 3723: 3708: 3706:Johann Moritz Rugendas 3663: 3657: 3643: 3602: 3591: 3566: 3461:Bartolomé de las Casas 3436: 3241: 3212: 3202: 3138: 3121:bombardment of Algiers 3116: 3097: 2934: 2818: 2680: 2666: 2650: 2630: 2596: 2495:have applied the term 2456:Other uses of the term 2342: 2160: 2148: 2136: 2050: 2043: 1897: 1857:punishment for a crime 908:British Virgin Islands 460:Circassian slave trade 426:Safavid imperial harem 421:Ottoman Imperial Harem 32:Slave (disambiguation) 35075:Chinese folk religion 33775:Political correctness 33770:Pluralistic ignorance 33459:Identity (philosophy) 33285:Religious persecution 33268:Psychological warfare 33248:Political engineering 33099:Argumentum ad populum 32957:Collective narcissism 32935:Attitude polarization 32312:Prison-Ashram Project 31416:Civil rights movement 31304:Afro-Caribbean people 30613:Chestnut Ridge people 30535:African-American Jews 30337:Saint Kitts and Nevis 30094:Pre-industrial Europe 28827:Aspects of workplaces 28565:Unemployment benefits 28560:Types of unemployment 28498:Graduate unemployment 28392:Letter of resignation 28021:Workers' compensation 28014:Occupational fatality 27523:Vocational university 27123:Employment counsellor 26912:Intersex human rights 26720:Right of self-defense 26675:Right to a fair trial 26299:In Jewish communities 26277:Hispanic & Latino 25581:Religious intolerance 25541:Political correctness 25371:Intersex human rights 25319:Cultural assimilation 25001:Religious persecution 24765:Disability hate crime 24540:Jewish / Antisemitism 23352:Walk Through Darkness 23288:Underground to Canada 22901:Jermain Wesley Loguen 22846:(1848/1854 VA – 1957) 22773:Ayuba Suleiman Diallo 22589:Konstantin Mihailović 22537:Lovisa von Burghausen 22278:Encyclopedia Virginia 22211:University of Houston 22203:"Slavery Fact Sheets" 21991:Bales, Kevin (2007). 20607:Surveys and reference 20545:. Allyn & Bacon. 20256:10.1515/9781400857760 19928:10.1086/ahr.115.4.943 19806:Conway, John (2008). 19777:Ohio University Press 19767:Miller, Joseph Calder 19748:Ohio University Press 19738:Miller, Joseph Calder 19698:"Selling Poor Steven" 19598:Bales, Kevin (2004). 18237:. 2011. p. 155. 18209:. 2009. p. 165. 18055:Amnesty International 17918:on November 20, 2018. 17775:. February 20, 2014. 17629:Amnesty International 16779:. BBC. Archived from 16438:John Wiley & Sons 16341:on September 5, 2017. 15391:Hudson, John (2012). 15263:Yale University Press 14784:Harper, Kyle (2011). 14576:Slavery in Travancore 13956:Stanley, Amy (2012). 13812:Appiah, Kwame Anthony 13767:Appiah, Kwame Anthony 13092:"Kao-li maid-servant" 12917:10.2972/hesp.76.1.229 12768:"1860 Census Results" 12746:christianitytoday.com 12724:National Park Service 12319:dominiopublico.gov.br 11948:The Popes and Slavery 11898:Hanke, Lewis (1974). 11682:on February 23, 2011. 11488:Le Monde diplomatique 11050:on September 24, 2018 9942:. merriam-webster.com 9813:Szasz, Thomas Stephen 9605:on September 24, 2015 9536:on February 13, 2008. 9488:on December 23, 2009. 8949:Brace, Laura (2004). 8626:(2nd ed.). 1989. 8419:on February 23, 2007. 8276:Involuntary servitude 8200:The Birth of a Nation 7493:The Viceroy of Ouidah 7082:The Birth of a Nation 6997:Civil Rights Movement 6967:The Birth of a Nation 6953: 6944:Further information: 6807: 6788:On May 21, 2001, the 6743:, Bhikkhuni Thich Nu 6728: 6585: 6574: 6470: 6446: 5716:U.S. State Department 5682:debt bondage in India 5668: 5644: 5539:Persian slave in the 5538: 5488: 5375: 5320: 5294: 5270:The Gulag Archipelago 5219: 5169: 5122: 5061:The maritime town of 5011: 4959: 4916:William the Conqueror 4769: 4654: 4647:Black Sea slave trade 4495:Sebastian of Portugal 4376: 4211: 4075: 4034:Alexis de Tocqueville 3995:Congress, during the 3986:slave and free states 3976:and was legal in all 3944: 3857:Jean-Baptiste Colbert 3820: 3808: 3720:Jacques Étienne Arago 3714: 3699: 3637: 3597: 3585: 3432: 3282:Further information: 3220: 3214:Le Monde diplomatique 3192: 3129: 3111: 3106:Barbary slave traders 3091: 2928: 2816: 2672: 2656: 2648: 2628: 2590: 2450:Marriage by abduction 2436:Marriage by abduction 2340: 2256:in the Trucial States 2154: 2142: 2131: 2109:People-first language 1888: 1147:Europe and North Asia 1107:Australia and Oceania 807:Pre-Columbian America 379:Slave raid of Suðuroy 311:Slavery in al-Andalus 233:Black Sea slave trade 162:21st-century jihadism 35439:Naturalism (Western) 35434:Naturalism (Chinese) 35346:Renaissance humanism 33902:Conceptual framework 33867:System justification 33706:Hysterical contagion 33290:Religious uniformity 33273:Religious conversion 33129:Cognitive dissonance 33027:Selective perception 32878:Theory of everything 32848:Primal world beliefs 32833:Philosophical theory 32496:Ireland, Republic of 32186:Solitary confinement 31747:Prisoner-of-war camp 31374:Atlantic slave trade 31062:United Arab Emirates 29951: or countries 29762:By country or region 29000:Class discrimination 28633:Job creation program 28409:Mandatory retirement 28362:Employee offboarding 28182:Workplace incivility 28177:Workplace harassment 27952:Occupational disease 27947:Occupational burnout 27862:Disability insurance 27706:Workweek and weekend 27513:Vocational education 27428:Continuing education 27266:Permanent employment 26799:Right to development 26680:Right to family life 26630:Freedom from torture 26615:Freedom from slavery 26389:Herrenvolk democracy 24986:Political repression 23975:Anti-left handedness 23965:Anti-intellectualism 23550:Caribbean literature 23540:Atlantic slave trade 23093:Twelve Years a Slave 22986:Booker T. Washington 22788:Jordan Winston Early 22253:Senate House Library 22217:on February 9, 2014. 22115:Sage, Jesse (2015). 22097:Slave: My True Story 22016:Craig, Gary (2007). 21949:Taylor & Francis 21810:"Slavery in America" 21634:. New York: Norton. 21626:Morgan, Edmund Sears 21620:on November 6, 2006. 21431:Berlin, Ira (2009). 21060:Rodriguez, Junius P. 20912:. Aditya Prakashan. 20838:. Turtleback Books. 20662:. pp. 464–469. 20566:(PhD). Vol. 1. 20365:Rodriguez, Junius P. 20337:Rodriguez, Junius P. 19976:on October 14, 2013. 19945:Blackwell Publishing 19855:Davis, Natalie Zemon 19167:Blackwell Publishing 19044:on February 25, 2014 19038:Agence France-Presse 18838:"Alcohol and Slaves" 18809:Person-Lynn, Kwaku. 18466:Taylor & Francis 17847:– via YouTube. 17799:"Modern day slavery" 17691:. January 21, 2014. 17624:"Issues North Korea" 17601:The New Humanitarian 17376:Agence France-Presse 16563:New York Daily Times 16414:. #7. Archived from 16274:, pp. 170–179; 16071:on October 16, 2014. 16022:on October 21, 2013. 16002:Glyn Williams, Brian 15575:on November 19, 2017 15399:. pp. 424–425. 15372:on February 14, 2005 14913:Storming the Heavens 14765:on February 22, 2010 14483:, pp. 201–253; 14340:Moran, J.F. (2012). 13864:(reprint ed.). 13736:Taylor & Francis 13386:Working Paper Series 13187:, pp. 500–503, 13181:Chinese Civilization 12566:on January 20, 2023. 12552:Wood, Peter (2003). 12524:The History of Haiti 12258:Suriname in Pictures 12172:"Jamaican History I" 12023:, pp. 943–974; 11885:papalencyclicals.net 11867:papalencyclicals.net 11831:"The World Factbook" 11462:Foner, Eric (2012). 11306:on December 30, 2007 11024:Asquith, Christina. 10614:on December 30, 2007 10133:Helper, Hinton Rowan 9968:on December 21, 2020 9789:Simon & Schuster 9739:on October 12, 2007. 9446:Encyclopædia Iranica 9392:Guilty Without Trial 9371:. September 21, 2018 9345:. September 15, 2016 9221:. pp. 110–111. 8894:on October 24, 2020. 8341:. pp. 199–219. 8286:List of slave owners 8141:Twelve Years a Slave 8012:Owen 'Alik Shahadah 7954:Doris Kearns Goodwin 7242:Angélique in Barbary 7031:Tomás Gutiérrez Alea 6864:On August 24, 2007, 6802:Atlantic slave trade 6690:Anti-Slavery Society 6669:West Africa Squadron 6537:Underground Railroad 6529:internal slave trade 5746:Walk Free Foundation 5617:Contemporary slavery 5611:Contemporary slavery 5476:Venetian slave trade 5466:; from Asia via the 4928:Slave Trade Act 1807 4910:, nearly 10% of the 4581:Slavery in Malaysia 4577:Slavery in Indonesia 4331:In the 17th century 4212:A contract from the 4154:solitary confinement 4039:Democracy in America 3912:free people of color 3896:free people of color 3836:was divided between 3776:Christopher Columbus 3567:Código Negro Español 3407:Atlantic slave trade 3335:of Georgia, and the 3284:Atlantic slave trade 3207:Atlantic slave trade 3179:indentured servitude 3024:Indian Ocean islands 2843:Neolithic Revolution 2833:-rich rivers of the 2809:Slavery in antiquity 2775:Province of New York 2610:separation of powers 2508:anarcho-syndicalists 1602:Indentured servitude 1530:Underground Railroad 1330:United Arab Emirates 719:Zanzibar slave trade 686:By country or region 499:Atlantic slave trade 401:Ma malakat aymanukum 285:Venetian slave trade 46:Slave Labour (mural) 35620:Human rights abuses 34852:Christian democracy 33815:Social facilitation 33711:Information cascade 33646:Emotional contagion 33584:Collective behavior 33546:Symbolic boundaries 33400:Cultural psychology 33144:Cultural dissonance 33017:Observer-expectancy 33012:Observational error 32997:In-group favoritism 32742:Conventional wisdom 32363:Prison Reform Trust 31263:Sierra Leone Creole 31114:India and Pakistan 30359:Trinidad and Tobago 30209:Antigua and Barbuda 29483:Vanniar (Chieftain) 28538:Recession-proof job 28533:Lists of recessions 28471:Economic depression 28419:Retirement planning 28300:Work–life interface 28137:Employee monitoring 28105:Corporate behaviour 28095:Accounting scandals 27977:Occupational stress 27967:Occupational injury 27503:Reflective practice 27498:Professional school 27220:Work-at-home scheme 27140:Induction programme 27118:Employment contract 27098:Business networking 26610:Freedom of religion 26605:Freedom of movement 26580:Freedom of assembly 26562:Civil and political 26409:Perpetual foreigner 25489:Historical eugenics 25026:Segregation academy 25006:Religious terrorism 24795:Enemy of the people 24703:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 24207:Jehovah's Witnesses 24095:Perpetual foreigner 23545:Captivity narrative 23376:The Book of Negroes 23157:The Slave Community 23021:(1845–1847, Brazil) 22948:James Lindsay Smith 22855:John Andrew Jackson 22790:(1814 – after 1894) 22744:(1845 KY – 1938 OH) 22737:William Wells Brown 22696:Jared Maurice Arter 22691:William J. Anderson 22584:Johann Schiltberger 22178:Library of Congress 21941:Brass, Tom (2015). 21824:. pp. 469–70. 21548:Genovese, Eugene D. 20782:Eden, Jeff (2018). 20393:Salisbury, Joyce E. 20189:Government of India 20055:Infobase Publishing 19993:. pp. 68–106. 19943:. Cambridge, Mass: 19391:The History Teacher 19265:on November 6, 2018 18930:. February 25, 2007 18848:on January 22, 2005 18650:. November 13, 2002 18602:. February 28, 2007 18576:on January 28, 2009 18261:(January 4, 2021). 17604:. December 11, 2012 16841:on February 9, 2010 16811:. September 8, 2014 14942:Noy, David (2000). 14865:Stanford University 14481:Subrahmanyam (1997) 14222:Monumenta Nipponica 14195:Monumenta Nipponica 13549:. pp. 140–41. 13514:, pp. 162–163. 13417:, pp. 153–157. 13396:on November 6, 2018 13334:, pp. 392–393. 13029:Zhao, Gang (1986). 12970:, pp. 146–147. 12040:. Virtual Jamestown 12025:Higginbotham (1978) 11935:on October 3, 2006. 11929:"Health In Slavery" 11869:. January 13, 1435. 11616:Genocide: a history 11594:on February 7, 2021 11358:. September 3, 2001 11299:National Geographic 10820:A History of Africa 10816:Fage, John Donnelly 10528:. pp. 88–110. 10484:. pp. 268–269. 10335:Early Latin America 9818:Psychiatric Slavery 8301:Slave-owning slaves 8257:Bodmin manumissions 7888:The Taylan Brothers 7798:Marco Kreuzpaintner 6818:In 1999, President 6758:Groups such as the 6741:Mātā Amṛtānandamayī 6722:. Article 4 of the 6672:50 African rulers. 6638:William Wilberforce 6610:, whose opinion in 6545:slave or free state 6533:legally emancipated 6489:Indian subcontinent 5921:and groups such as 5829:Marks & Spencer 5787:from the region of 5601:Red Sea slave trade 5549:Bukhara slave trade 5509:Crimean slave trade 5480:Barbary slave trade 5468:Bukhara slave trade 5460:Red Sea slave trade 5397: 1760 BC 5086:massive slave trade 5069:Mercado de Escravos 4758:Crimean slave trade 4754:Barbary slave trade 4044:James Henry Hammond 4023:William Wells Brown 4009:Kansas-Nebraska Act 3982:American Revolution 3974:early colonial days 3847:The French-enacted 3822:1804 Haiti massacre 3588:British West Indies 3494:" was pioneered by 3068:African Great Lakes 2983:Indian subcontinent 2977:islands (including 2963:Red Sea slave trade 2599:Scottish economist 2491:Some proponents of 2474:anarcho-capitalists 2219:Red Sea slave trade 1843:. In the course of 1693:Slave Route Project 819:Americas indigenous 709:Red Sea slave trade 699:Contemporary Africa 562:Topics and practice 332:Crimean slave trade 327:Bukhara slave trade 280:Genoese slave trade 157:Contemporary Africa 137:Forced prostitution 35550:Post-structuralism 34304:natural philosophy 33686:Group polarization 33671:Group cohesiveness 33320:Social engineering 33218:Media manipulation 33139:Crowd manipulation 33124:Circular reporting 33042:Clever Hans effect 33022:Selective exposure 32370:WriteAPrisoner.com 32133:Protective custody 31682:Extermination camp 31613:Political prisoner 31406:Black Lives Matter 31013:Ethiopian Israelis 30663:African immigrants 30638:Louisiana Redbones 30574:Chickasaw freedmen 30503:African immigrants 30271:Dominican Republic 30064:18th-century Spain 29918:Standard of living 29622:Upper middle class 29617:Lower middle class 29208:Political prisoner 28990:Chattering classes 28962:Spoon class theory 28801:See also templates 28638:Job creation index 28602:Youth unemployment 28466:Discouraged worker 28355:Wrongful dismissal 28335:At-will employment 28208:Civil conscription 28172:Workplace bullying 28059:Affirmative action 28041:Workplace wellness 27972:Occupational noise 27613:Long service leave 27473:Overspecialization 27453:Induction training 27408:Career development 26927:Right to sexuality 26804:Right to education 26730:Security of person 26625:Freedom of thought 26439:Racial integration 26419:Race and sexuality 26224:Japanese Americans 25944:Racial segregation 25934:Racial nationalism 25401:Social integration 25396:Self-determination 25386:Racial integration 25334:Diversity training 25324:Cultural pluralism 25299:Affirmative action 25199:Racial segregation 25109:Crime of apartheid 25011:Religious violence 24504:Indigenous people 23899:Sexual orientation 23499:Unchained Memories 23004:(b. c. 1780 Congo) 22778:Frederick Douglass 22549:Ukawsaw Gronniosaw 22448:Maria ter Meetelen 22244:on March 26, 2010. 21775:Slavery in Alabama 21573:American Quarterly 21357:10.1007/bf00149085 21220:(421): 1560–1561. 20856:The Slavery Reader 20730:Davis, David Brion 20702:Davis, David Brion 20433:Ashgate Publishing 19294:. pp. 54–56. 18324:The New York Times 18085:Women News Network 17807:. January 25, 2018 17396:(April 11, 2017). 17382:on April 12, 2017. 17372:Nation Media Group 17299:on August 24, 2020 17289:"Uyghurs for Sale" 17059:The New York Times 16988:. January 23, 2003 16986:Human Rights Watch 16952:The New York Times 16511:History of Slavery 16233:, pp. 735–743 16087:Nordisk familjebok 15879:Ukraine: A History 15688:on March 10, 2008. 14921:. pp. 43–44. 14829:. November 5, 2009 14794:. pp. 59–60. 14586:(The Hague, 1918). 14509:Arasaratnam (1996) 14501:Arasaratnam (1995) 13151:. pp. 45–46. 12788:(August 9, 2010). 12619:. Ayer Publishing. 11650:. pp. 30–31. 11524:The New York Times 11517:(April 22, 2010). 11134:Palgrave Macmillan 10416:The New York Times 9530:Human Rights Watch 9047:Harvard University 8735:Dostoevsky, Fyodor 8601:on January 6, 2014 8579:on April 30, 2019. 8519:on January 6, 2018 7509:Alex Haley's Queen 7404:Alex Haley's Roots 7394:Bernardo Guimarães 6979:The Santa Fe Trail 6973:Gone with the Wind 6961: 6705:French West Africa 6595: 6580: 6549:American Civil War 6477: 6457: 6099:Blockade of Africa 5923:Human Rights Watch 5678:Human Rights Watch 5674: 5647: 5581:across the Red Sea 5557:Khivan slave trade 5545: 5494: 5472:Prague slave trade 5424:Sub-Saharan Africa 5386: 5326:is an acronym for 5222: 5172: 5128: 5021: 4966: 4924:Somerset v Stewart 4790:Council of Koblenz 4779: 4771:Adalbert of Prague 4750:Balkan slave trade 4702:Roman Servile Wars 4670: 4557:East India Company 4549:Henry Bartle Frere 4382: 4222: 4091: 4079:The Old Plantation 3966:American Civil War 3955: 3923:Haitian Revolution 3826: 3815: 3724: 3709: 3644: 3603: 3592: 3541:brought the first 3437: 3327:of the Andes, the 3203: 3139: 3098: 3083:plantation economy 2935: 2819: 2803:History of slavery 2681: 2667: 2651: 2631: 2597: 2569:economies of scale 2416:Human Rights Watch 2343: 2230:in 1924–1926, the 2161: 2149: 2137: 1952:was borrowed into 1898: 1817:§ Terminology 1469:Blockade of Africa 776:Somali slave trade 692:Sub-Saharan Africa 384:Turkish Abductions 342:Khivan slave trade 337:Khazar slave trade 290:Balkan slave trade 248:Prague slave trade 35592: 35591: 35586: 35585: 35582: 35581: 35578: 35577: 35560:Transcendentalism 35516:Neo-scholasticism 35497:Neopythagoreanism 34947:Industrialisation 34887:Constitutionalism 34767: 34766: 34763: 34762: 34585:political freedom 34102:mind–body problem 33895:tacit assumptions 33847:Spontaneous order 33837:Social psychology 33790:Self-organization 33134:Critical thinking 32896: 32895: 32863:School of thought 32752:Cultural movement 32732:Conceptual system 32658: 32657: 32594:England and Wales 32334:Prison Legal News 32319:Prison Fellowship 32277:Justice Defenders 31947: 31946: 31551:Prison healthcare 31488: 31487: 31456: 31455: 31369:Anti-Black racism 31309:British Jamaicans 31299:African Americans 31284:African Americans 31238:Americo-Liberians 31223:African Americans 31195: 31194: 31018:Sudanese refugees 30819: 30818: 30589:Seminole freedmen 30569:Cherokee freedmen 30550:Black Southerners 30525:African Americans 30473:African Americans 30133: 30132: 30111: 30110: 30107: 30106: 29944: 29943: 29751: 29750: 29747: 29746: 29743: 29742: 29645:Lumpenproletariat 29147:illegal immigrant 29108: 29107: 29020:Classless society 28850: 28849: 28749:Post-work society 28729:Kiss up kick down 28461:Barriers to entry 28426:Severance package 28258:Human trafficking 28152:Sexual harassment 28132:Employee handbook 28051:Equal opportunity 27914:Safety and health 27904:Take-home vehicle 27518:Vocational school 27468:Lifelong learning 27443:Further education 27403:Career counseling 27398:Career assessment 27175:Overqualification 26935: 26934: 26834:Right to property 26794:Right to clothing 26779:Fair remuneration 26747:Right to homeland 26695:Right to petition 26620:Freedom of speech 26512: 26511: 26260:African Americans 26207:Chinese Americans 25904:Ethnic stereotype 25703: 25702: 25571:Racism by country 25499:Intersectionality 25484:Heteronormativity 25283:Voter suppression 25031:Sexual harassment 24830:Forced conversion 24750:Cultural genocide 24403:African Americans 24217:post–Cold War era 24202:Eastern Orthodoxy 23960:Anti-drug addicts 23955:Anti-homelessness 23882:Scientific racism 23738: 23737: 23639: 23638: 23411:I, Juan de Pareja 23395:Young adult books 23202:Uncle Tom's Cabin 23045:Non-fiction books 23040: 23039: 22997:Harriet E. Wilson 22881:Elizabeth Keckley 22727:Henry "Box" Brown 22645:(1860–1965, Cuba) 22639:(1797–1854, Cuba) 22594:George of Hungary 22569:(1792 – fl. 1828) 22154:978-1-4596-0221-2 22128:978-1-250-08310-4 22107:978-0-7867-3897-7 22100:. PublicAffairs. 22081:on March 13, 2015 22071:978-0-615-62367-2 22032:978-1-85935-573-2 22008:978-0-520-25470-1 21983:978-0-520-93207-4 21958:978-1-317-82735-1 21933:978-3-906756-87-5 21905:978-0-19-502470-8 21880:978-0-521-65267-4 21839:978-1-4129-6580-4 21789:978-0-8173-0594-9 21760:978-0-544-60267-0 21735:978-1-57003-678-1 21693:978-0-429-97694-0 21668:978-0-06-437001-1 21641:978-0-393-05554-2 21563:978-0-307-77272-5 21539:978-0-8047-3521-6 21515:978-0-8131-5786-3 21490:978-1-84831-413-9 21469:978-1-59558-763-3 21448:978-0-674-02082-5 21423:978-0-8122-2417-7 21395:978-0-465-09768-5 21131:978-0-87169-040-1 21110:978-0-8195-5273-0 21079:978-0-313-33273-9 21051:978-0-547-64098-3 21023:978-0-8130-2906-1 20998:978-0-19-156627-1 20973:978-0-8101-3342-6 20948:978-0-299-07334-3 20919:978-81-85689-67-8 20895:978-0-521-54110-7 20870:978-0-415-21304-2 20845:978-0-613-34472-2 20824:978-0-941533-30-0 20799:978-1-108-63732-9 20774:978-1-139-48296-7 20749:978-0-19-988083-6 20721:978-0-19-505639-6 20677:978-1-4129-6580-4 20638:978-0-385-35325-0 20577:978-0-591-92325-4 20552:978-1-4759-6172-0 20495:978-0-521-23150-3 20442:978-1-4094-7223-0 20412:978-0-313-32543-4 20384:978-1-85109-544-5 20356:978-0-87436-885-7 20328:978-0-511-58406-0 20314:The Mughal Empire 20290:978-0-521-25758-9 20265:978-1-4008-5776-0 20234:978-0-8047-2933-8 20175:978-0-19-505326-5 20089:978-0-275-95823-7 20064:978-1-60413-217-5 20041:978-0-19-502745-7 20000:978-0-8203-2076-2 19954:978-1-55786-309-6 19872:978-0-674-00821-2 19861:. Cambridge, MA: 19846:978-1-59884-078-0 19823:978-1-59845-070-5 19814:Enslow Publishers 19786:978-0-8214-1725-6 19757:978-0-8214-1723-2 19728:978-1-135-75917-9 19688:978-0-19-638074-2 19635:. Princeton, NJ: 19590:978-0-520-21797-3 19562:978-0-86078-579-8 19540:978-81-7304-075-7 19301:978-0-8476-9947-6 19235:978-0-19-804436-9 19184:978-1-118-32267-3 19074:The Baltimore Sun 18817:on April 18, 2008 18555:978-1-84413-430-4 18392:978-1-57181-432-6 18300:978-0-8135-2113-8 18244:978-0-313-33143-5 18216:978-0-618-99238-6 18183:on March 29, 2017 18031:on March 23, 2015 17576:on March 23, 2022 17443:on March 30, 2019 17023:978-1-61219-003-7 16912:978-92-2-115360-3 16755:978-90-247-1779-8 16674:978-9950-385-84-9 16587:. Avalanche Press 16455:978-1-4443-3838-6 16418:on May 14, 2011. 16046:978-0-19-533402-9 15893:978-0-8020-8390-6 15862:978-1-139-48911-9 15824:978-0-19-514084-2 15786:978-0-521-81582-6 15755:978-0-231-03159-2 15712:978-0-9650493-7-5 15644:978-0-415-23986-8 15548:Osprey Publishing 15544:"The Janissaries" 15528:978-0-7190-1825-1 15406:978-0-19-163003-3 15272:978-0-300-12535-1 15255:Foot, S. (2011). 15230:978-1-107-08341-7 15192:978-1-85109-705-0 15154:978-0-521-08709-4 15052:978-0-8091-4134-0 15045:. Paulist Press. 15022:978-0-7538-2056-8 14953:978-0-7156-2952-9 14928:978-0-8133-3523-0 14895:978-0-521-53501-4 14801:978-1-139-50406-5 14687:978-0-8108-7528-9 14656:978-0-19-522151-0 14553:(The Hague, 1962) 14389:978-1-84718-111-4 14357:978-1-134-88112-3 14326:978-1-4691-0244-3 14294:978-1-134-91843-0 14256:978-0-231-51509-2 14226:Sophia University 14151:978-0-02-864781-4 14124:978-85-268-0436-4 14079:978-81-7040-587-0 14047:978-85-268-0436-4 14011:978-0-14-008098-8 13973:978-0-520-95238-6 13935:978-1-135-78871-1 13879:978-0-521-52750-7 13835:978-0-19-533770-9 13790:978-0-19-517055-9 13745:978-0-415-20857-4 13714:978-1-317-14718-3 13624:978-0-313-31071-3 13590:978-1-56591-177-2 13556:978-1-4384-3777-4 13486:978-1-4384-3777-4 13444:978-89-7141-441-5 13435:Yonsei University 13366:978-0-8108-7528-9 13270:978-0-520-22236-6 13232:978-0-295-97644-0 13202:978-1-315-00550-8 13158:978-0-520-05462-2 13077:978-0-8047-4111-8 13046:978-0-8047-1271-2 13015:978-0-313-01524-3 12859:978-90-04-34661-1 12786:Coates, Ta-Nehisi 12730:on July 14, 2007. 12704:978-0-465-00071-5 12689:Behrendt, Stephen 12674:978-0-226-55933-9 12643:978-0-590-37228-2 12594:978-0-8130-0323-8 12538:978-0-313-34089-5 12492:, pp. 27–53. 12476:978-0-521-52470-4 12412:978-0-547-64098-3 12373:on March 22, 2023 12343:on March 13, 2015 12273:978-1-57505-964-8 12240:978-1-870518-54-3 12212:978-0-8078-5772-4 12178:on August 5, 2013 12100:978-1-60354-045-2 12072:978-1-4429-6090-9 11805:978-0-520-91811-5 11752:World Archaeology 11710:978-1-4408-5097-4 11657:978-0-8018-8039-1 11626:978-0-582-50601-5 11584:countrystudies.us 11402:978-90-247-1956-3 11143:978-1-4039-4551-8 11109:978-93-81411-09-4 11082:978-90-04-02104-4 11032:on March 6, 2016. 10998:978-90-04-02104-4 10930:on April 11, 2016 10903:978-1-135-45670-2 10860:978-0-471-84480-8 10833:978-0-415-25248-5 10779:978-91-7346-377-5 10728:Ogot, Bethwell A. 10668:"Slaves in Saudi" 10652:978-0-674-05271-0 10543:978-0-19-959516-7 10462:978-0-691-19016-7 10277:. April 30, 2016. 10260:978-0-231-13960-1 10207:978-0-521-62891-4 10169:978-0-8203-2076-2 10113:on April 23, 2008 9798:978-0-7432-3787-1 9636:on March 26, 2017 9506:. August 13, 2007 9430:978-0-253-11671-0 9328:, pp. 15–18. 9228:978-0-87140-672-9 9217:(1st. ed.). 9215:New England Bound 9141:(10th ed.). 9100:World Archaeology 9053:on April 11, 2021 9016:978-0-19-938113-5 8966:978-0-7486-1535-3 8887:978-3-948287-06-1 8853:978-3-8252-1888-1 8838:[Slave]. 8546:on August 4, 2011 8459:978-1-4833-1147-0 8348:978-0-19-164535-8 8247: 8246: 8204:Historical drama 8161:Historical drama 8101:Historical drama 8063:Quentin Tarantino 7881: 7846:Historical drama 7842:The Slave Hunters 7742:Historical drama 7707:Iván Dariel Ortíz 7703:Historical drama 7516:Historical drama 7513: 7411:Historical drama 7408: 7359: 7315:Richard Fleischer 7174:Historical drama 7118:Thomas Dixon, Jr. 7011:Third Servile War 6989:Song of the South 6930:The Brattle Group 6697:David Livingstone 6306: 6305: 6104:Kanunname of 1889 5982:human trafficking 5696:Arabian Peninsula 5390:Code of Hammurabi 5254: 5146:until 1723, when 4987:Battle of Lepanto 4985:ended. After the 4706:Third Servile War 4573:Slavery in Brunei 4547:According to Sir 3978:Thirteen Colonies 3962:African Americans 3830:Treaty of Ryswick 3727:Slavery in Brazil 3527:Thirteen Colonies 3515:Johnson v. Parker 3463:, a 16th-century 3351:European settlers 3345:was practiced by 3343:Slavery in Canada 3313:Slavery in Mexico 3304:Slavery in Brazil 3262:, the kingdom of 3029:According to the 2971:Arabian Peninsula 2863:Slavery in Africa 2851:child abandonment 2835:Pacific Northwest 2757:and French ruled 2358:Human trafficking 2234:in 1932, and the 2224:League of Nations 2169:personal property 1926:domestic servants 1918:human trafficking 1868:personal property 1790: 1789: 1740:Freedmen's Bureau 1557:Third Servile War 1552:International law 1119:Human trafficking 881:Human trafficking 556:Thirteen colonies 374:Sack of Baltimore 142:Human trafficking 16:(Redirected from 35637: 35248:New Confucianism 35122:Korean shamanism 35092:Ethnic religions 35022:Social democracy 34897:Environmentalism 34877:Communitarianism 34842:Authoritarianism 34784: 34783: 34773: 34772: 34403:Codes of conduct 34054:World disclosure 34042:consensus theory 33810:Social exclusion 33616:Crowd psychology 33611:Consensus theory 33574:Bandwagon effect 33511:Rites of passage 33325:Social influence 33258:Propaganda model 33223:Media regulation 33052:wishful thinking 33002:Magical thinking 32913: 32912: 32902: 32901: 32765:World folk-epics 32700: 32699: 32685: 32678: 32671: 32662: 32661: 32651: 32647: 32646: 32639: 32635: 32634: 32619: 32610: 32603: 32601:Northern Ireland 32596: 32589: 32582: 32577: 32570: 32561: 32554: 32547: 32540: 32533: 32526: 32519: 32512: 32505: 32498: 32491: 32484: 32477: 32470: 32463: 32456: 32449: 32429: 32422: 32415: 32397: 32390: 32372: 32365: 32358: 32351: 32344: 32337: 32328: 32321: 32314: 32307: 32300: 32293: 32286: 32279: 32272: 32265: 32258: 32251: 32244: 32223: 32216: 32209: 32202: 32195: 32188: 32181: 32174: 32165: 32158: 32149: 32142: 32135: 32126: 32119: 32112: 32105: 32098: 32091: 32084: 32077: 32070: 32063: 32054: 32047: 32029: 32022: 32015: 32006: 31999: 31992: 31983: 31976: 31969: 31962: 31940: 31931: 31924: 31904: 31897: 31890: 31883: 31876: 31869: 31862: 31855: 31848: 31841: 31823: 31816: 31809: 31807:Maximum security 31802: 31795: 31788: 31770: 31763: 31756: 31749: 31742: 31735: 31726: 31719: 31712: 31705: 31698: 31691: 31684: 31677: 31670: 31663: 31650: 31649: 31636: 31629: 31622: 31615: 31608: 31601: 31594: 31587: 31567: 31560: 31553: 31546: 31539: 31515: 31508: 31501: 31492: 31491: 31478: 31477: 31468: 31467: 31208: 31207: 30596:Creoles of color 30579:Choctaw freedmen 30545:Black Mennonites 30478:Black Mennonites 30325:Jamaican Maroons 30281:Samaná Americans 30192: 30191: 30178: 30177: 30167:African diaspora 30160: 30153: 30146: 30137: 30136: 30123: 30122: 29950: 29851:Mexican-American 29779: 29778: 29770: 29769: 29757: 29756: 29558: 29501:Business magnate 29391:Knowledge worker 29276: 29275: 29164:dual or multiple 29127: 29126: 29114: 29113: 29068:Social exclusion 29063:Social cleansing 28977: 28927: 28926: 28916:Economic classes 28877: 28870: 28863: 28854: 28853: 28837:Critique of work 28832:Corporate titles 28800: 28799: 28719:Evil corporation 28585:Employment rates 28508:Jobless recovery 28476:Great Depression 28436:Golden parachute 28431:Golden handshake 28228:Job satisfaction 28218:Critique of work 28036:Workplace phobia 27867:Health insurance 27824:Wage compression 27792:Progressive wage 27651:35-hour workweek 27618:No call, no show 27608:Leave of absence 27458:Knowledge worker 27386:Master craftsman 27190:Personality hire 27128:Executive search 27108:Curriculum vitae 27093:Background check 26962: 26955: 26948: 26939: 26938: 26824:Right to housing 26758:Economic, social 26705:Right to protest 26700:Right to privacy 26539: 26532: 26525: 26516: 26515: 26502: 26501: 26492: 26491: 26482: 26481: 26336:Racial supremacy 26294:Jewish Americans 26272:Native Americans 26241:Zainichi Koreans 26229:Japanese Koreans 26212:Zainichi Chinese 26185:Racism by target 25962:Global apartheid 25954:Racism by region 25939:Racial profiling 25929:Racial hierarchy 25730: 25723: 25716: 25707: 25706: 25693: 25692: 25683: 25682: 25623:Social privilege 25608:Social exclusion 25536:Police brutality 25457:Multiculturalism 25427:Amatonormativity 25258:Social exclusion 25094:Age of candidacy 24894:Homeless dumping 24800:Ethnic cleansing 23765: 23758: 23751: 23742: 23741: 23666: 23659: 23652: 23643: 23642: 23242: 23239: 23235: 23232: 23210:The Heroic Slave 22965:Pierre Toussaint 22960:(1793 VA – 1860) 22924:(1827 VA – 1900) 22656:Pierre Toussaint 22491:Antoine Qaurtier 22480: 22477: 22384: 22383: 22356:Slave narratives 22349: 22342: 22335: 22326: 22325: 22313: 22312: 22288:Emory University 22269: 22245: 22218: 22213:. Archived from 22158: 22132: 22111: 22090: 22088: 22086: 22080: 22074:. Archived from 22063: 22051: 22049: 22047: 22042:on June 14, 2007 22041: 22035:. Archived from 22024: 22012: 21987: 21962: 21937: 21909: 21884: 21859: 21804: 21793: 21768: 21739: 21711: 21697: 21672: 21645: 21621: 21616:. Archived from 21604: 21567: 21543: 21519: 21494: 21473: 21452: 21427: 21399: 21368: 21339: 21316: 21279: 21258: 21237: 21214:Economic Journal 21208: 21171: 21135: 21114: 21083: 21055: 21032:Reséndez, Andrés 21027: 21002: 20977: 20952: 20927: 20926:on May 12, 2008. 20922:. Archived from 20899: 20874: 20861:Psychology Press 20849: 20828: 20803: 20778: 20753: 20725: 20697: 20648:"Slavery, World" 20642: 20596: 20594: 20592: 20556: 20537: 20506: 20504: 20502: 20474: 20468: 20464: 20462: 20454: 20423: 20421: 20419: 20388: 20360: 20332: 20307: 20294: 20269: 20238: 20213: 20200: 20179: 20151: 20149: 20147: 20110: 20100: 20098: 20096: 20068: 20045: 20017: 20012:. Stanford, CA: 20004: 19977: 19972:. Archived from 19958: 19932: 19930: 19905: 19876: 19850: 19827: 19802: 19795:Conquest, Robert 19790: 19761: 19732: 19711: 19706:. Archived from 19692: 19664: 19662: 19660: 19644:Bavis, Barbara. 19640: 19627: 19594: 19566: 19544: 19522: 19519:Gulag: A History 19510: 19508: 19506: 19474: 19473: 19471: 19469: 19458: 19452: 19451: 19434:(4): 1251–1268. 19421: 19415: 19414: 19386: 19380: 19374: 19368: 19362: 19353: 19352: 19312: 19306: 19305: 19281: 19275: 19274: 19272: 19270: 19255:American Studies 19246: 19240: 19239: 19215: 19209: 19208: 19202: 19198: 19196: 19188: 19158: 19152: 19151: 19141: 19135: 19134: 19132: 19130: 19115: 19109: 19108: 19106: 19104: 19098:Face2Face Africa 19089: 19083: 19082: 19077:. Archived from 19064: 19058: 19057: 19051: 19049: 19030: 19024: 19023: 19021: 19019: 19005: 18999: 18998: 18996: 18994: 18979: 18973: 18972: 18970: 18968: 18946: 18940: 18939: 18937: 18935: 18920: 18914: 18913: 18911: 18909: 18904:. March 14, 2007 18894: 18888: 18887: 18885: 18883: 18866: 18857: 18856: 18855: 18853: 18833: 18827: 18826: 18824: 18822: 18806: 18800: 18799: 18773: 18767: 18766: 18764: 18762: 18751: 18745: 18744: 18730: 18721: 18720: 18718: 18716: 18702: 18696: 18695: 18693: 18691: 18685: 18679:. Archived from 18674: 18666: 18660: 18659: 18657: 18655: 18640: 18634: 18633: 18631: 18629: 18618: 18612: 18611: 18609: 18607: 18592: 18586: 18585: 18583: 18581: 18572:. Archived from 18566: 18560: 18559: 18539: 18533: 18532: 18492: 18486: 18485: 18453: 18447: 18446: 18414: 18408: 18407: 18401: 18399: 18376: 18370: 18369: 18367: 18365: 18360:on July 14, 2007 18350: 18344: 18343: 18341: 18339: 18314: 18308: 18307: 18284: 18278: 18277: 18275: 18273: 18255: 18249: 18248: 18227: 18221: 18220: 18207:Cengage Learning 18199: 18193: 18192: 18190: 18188: 18182: 18176:. Archived from 18175: 18166: 18160: 18154: 18152: 18150: 18132: 18126: 18125: 18123: 18121: 18110: 18101: 18100: 18098: 18096: 18091:on June 12, 2018 18077: 18071: 18070: 18068: 18066: 18047: 18041: 18040: 18038: 18036: 18027:. Archived from 18016: 18010: 18009: 18007: 18005: 17999: 17991: 17985: 17984: 17982: 17980: 17963: 17957: 17956: 17954: 17952: 17943:. Archived from 17926: 17920: 17919: 17902: 17896: 17895: 17883: 17877: 17876: 17874: 17872: 17855: 17849: 17848: 17846: 17844: 17827: 17821: 17820: 17814: 17812: 17795: 17789: 17788: 17786: 17784: 17763: 17757: 17756: 17754: 17752: 17731: 17725: 17724: 17718: 17714: 17712: 17704: 17702: 17700: 17683: 17677: 17676: 17674: 17672: 17653: 17647: 17646: 17644: 17642: 17620: 17614: 17613: 17611: 17609: 17592: 17586: 17585: 17583: 17581: 17562: 17556: 17555: 17553: 17551: 17546:. August 9, 2007 17536: 17530: 17529: 17527: 17525: 17510: 17504: 17503: 17501: 17499: 17485: 17479: 17478: 17476: 17474: 17469:. August 9, 2007 17459: 17453: 17452: 17450: 17448: 17433: 17427: 17426: 17414: 17408: 17407: 17390: 17384: 17383: 17364: 17358: 17357: 17350: 17344: 17343: 17333: 17327: 17326: 17315: 17309: 17308: 17306: 17304: 17295:. Archived from 17284: 17278: 17277: 17275: 17273: 17258: 17252: 17251: 17249: 17247: 17233: 17227: 17226: 17224: 17222: 17205: 17199: 17198: 17196: 17194: 17177: 17171: 17170: 17168: 17166: 17150: 17144: 17143: 17141: 17139: 17124: 17118: 17117: 17115: 17113: 17101: 17095: 17094: 17092: 17090: 17085:on June 23, 2013 17081:. Archived from 17070: 17064: 17063: 17062:. June 20, 2013. 17050: 17044: 17043: 17037: 17035: 17004: 16998: 16997: 16995: 16993: 16978: 16972: 16971: 16969: 16967: 16942: 16936: 16935: 16923: 16917: 16916: 16899: 16893: 16887: 16881: 16880: 16878: 16876: 16871:on April 7, 2016 16857: 16851: 16850: 16848: 16846: 16837:. Archived from 16827: 16821: 16820: 16818: 16816: 16799: 16793: 16792: 16790: 16788: 16773: 16767: 16766: 16764: 16762: 16735: 16729: 16726: 16715: 16712: 16701: 16700: 16698: 16696: 16685: 16679: 16678: 16657: 16651: 16650: 16649:on May 21, 2009. 16639: 16633: 16632: 16607:Kizilov, Mikhail 16603: 16597: 16596: 16594: 16592: 16581: 16575: 16574: 16572: 16570: 16565:. August 6, 1856 16555: 16549: 16543: 16537: 16536: 16534: 16532: 16521: 16515: 16514: 16506: 16500: 16499: 16491: 16485: 16484: 16482: 16480: 16466: 16460: 16459: 16429: 16423: 16422: 16408: 16402: 16401: 16369: 16363: 16362: 16349: 16343: 16342: 16334:Gulag: A History 16325: 16319: 16318: 16312: 16311:|newspaper= 16308: 16306: 16298: 16288: 16282: 16264: 16258: 16252: 16246: 16240: 16234: 16214:Applebaum (2003) 16210: 16204: 16203: 16197: 16195: 16180: 16174: 16173: 16160: 16154: 16153: 16151: 16149: 16144:on April 3, 2017 16143: 16137:. Archived from 16136: 16127: 16121: 16120: 16118: 16116: 16105: 16099: 16098: 16096: 16094: 16079: 16073: 16072: 16067:. Archived from 16057: 16051: 16050: 16030: 16024: 16023: 16021: 16010: 15998: 15992: 15991: 15990:on June 5, 2013. 15989: 15983:. Archived from 15982: 15973: 15967: 15966: 15943:Kizilov, Mikhail 15938: 15932: 15931: 15911: 15905: 15904: 15902: 15900: 15873: 15867: 15866: 15842: 15836: 15835: 15833: 15831: 15804: 15798: 15797: 15795: 15793: 15766: 15760: 15759: 15735: 15724: 15723: 15721: 15719: 15705:. Mikaya Press. 15696: 15690: 15689: 15684:. Archived from 15678: 15672: 15671: 15669: 15667: 15655: 15649: 15648: 15630: 15624: 15623: 15598:Kizilov, Mikhail 15594: 15585: 15584: 15582: 15580: 15565: 15559: 15558: 15556: 15554: 15539: 15533: 15532: 15508: 15502: 15501: 15499: 15497: 15485: 15479: 15478: 15476: 15474: 15464: 15455: 15454: 15452: 15450: 15443:Building History 15435: 15429: 15428: 15421:Gillingham, John 15417: 15411: 15410: 15388: 15382: 15381: 15379: 15377: 15368:. Archived from 15358: 15352: 15351: 15339:Clapham, John H. 15335: 15329: 15328: 15318: 15294: 15288: 15287: 15281: 15279: 15252: 15246: 15245: 15239: 15237: 15210: 15204: 15203: 15201: 15199: 15185:. p. 1002. 15172: 15166: 15165: 15163: 15161: 15134: 15128: 15127: 15125: 15123: 15112: 15106: 15105: 15103: 15101: 15089: 15083: 15082: 15080: 15078: 15063: 15057: 15056: 15033: 15027: 15026: 15005: 14999: 14998: 14964: 14958: 14957: 14939: 14933: 14932: 14916: 14906: 14900: 14899: 14875: 14869: 14868: 14862: 14854:Scheidel, Walter 14850: 14839: 14838: 14836: 14834: 14819: 14813: 14812: 14810: 14808: 14781: 14775: 14774: 14772: 14770: 14755: 14749: 14748: 14712: 14706: 14705: 14696: 14694: 14667: 14661: 14660: 14636: 14623: 14622: 14606: 14597: 14593: 14587: 14560: 14554: 14546: 14540: 14539:29, no. 2 (1939) 14523:V.B. Lieberman, 14521: 14515: 14478: 14472: 14471: 14460: 14454: 14453: 14410: 14404: 14400: 14394: 14393: 14375: 14369: 14368: 14366: 14364: 14337: 14331: 14330: 14312: 14306: 14305: 14303: 14301: 14274: 14268: 14267: 14265: 14263: 14236: 14230: 14229: 14217: 14211: 14210: 14190: 14184: 14170: 14164: 14163: 14135: 14129: 14128: 14106: 14100: 14094: 14088: 14087: 14065: 14056: 14055: 14033: 14027: 14026: 14020: 14018: 13991: 13985: 13984: 13982: 13980: 13953: 13947: 13946: 13944: 13942: 13915: 13909: 13908: 13900: 13894: 13893: 13888: 13886: 13863: 13853: 13847: 13846: 13844: 13842: 13808: 13802: 13801: 13799: 13797: 13763: 13757: 13756: 13754: 13752: 13725: 13719: 13718: 13696: 13690: 13689: 13687: 13685: 13680:on March 4, 2016 13666: 13660: 13659: 13657: 13655: 13646:. Archived from 13635: 13629: 13628: 13604: 13595: 13594: 13574: 13568: 13567: 13565: 13563: 13536: 13527: 13521: 13515: 13509: 13498: 13497: 13495: 13493: 13466: 13460: 13459: 13453: 13451: 13424: 13418: 13412: 13406: 13405: 13403: 13401: 13392:. Archived from 13377: 13371: 13370: 13346: 13335: 13329: 13306: 13300: 13294: 13288: 13282: 13281: 13279: 13277: 13250: 13244: 13243: 13241: 13239: 13212: 13206: 13205: 13169: 13163: 13162: 13138: 13132: 13129:Salisbury (2004) 13118: 13112: 13111: 13088: 13082: 13081: 13057: 13051: 13050: 13026: 13020: 13019: 12995: 12989: 12986: 12980: 12977: 12971: 12965: 12954: 12953: 12952:. June 14, 2024. 12951: 12943: 12937: 12936: 12900: 12894: 12893: 12891: 12889: 12884:on March 6, 2019 12880:. Archived from 12870: 12864: 12863: 12839: 12833: 12832: 12830: 12828: 12813: 12807: 12806: 12804: 12802: 12782: 12776: 12775: 12774:on June 4, 2004. 12770:. Archived from 12764: 12758: 12757: 12755: 12753: 12738: 12732: 12731: 12726:. Archived from 12716: 12710: 12708: 12685: 12679: 12678: 12654: 12648: 12647: 12627: 12621: 12620: 12612: 12603: 12602: 12574: 12568: 12567: 12562:. Archived from 12549: 12543: 12542: 12518: 12512: 12511: 12499: 12493: 12487: 12481: 12480: 12456: 12450: 12449: 12447: 12445: 12423: 12417: 12416: 12393:Reséndez, Andrés 12389: 12383: 12382: 12380: 12378: 12369:. Archived from 12367:cambriapress.com 12359: 12353: 12352: 12350: 12348: 12329: 12323: 12322: 12311: 12305: 12304: 12302: 12300: 12284: 12278: 12277: 12261: 12251: 12245: 12244: 12223: 12217: 12216: 12194: 12188: 12187: 12185: 12183: 12168: 12162: 12161: 12149: 12140: 12118:Kozlowski (2010) 12111: 12105: 12104: 12083: 12077: 12076: 12056: 12050: 12049: 12047: 12045: 12034: 12028: 12014: 12008: 12007: 11969: 11963: 11961: 11943: 11937: 11936: 11931:. Archived from 11925: 11919: 11917: 11895: 11889: 11888: 11877: 11871: 11870: 11859: 11853: 11852: 11850: 11848: 11843:on June 29, 2011 11839:. Archived from 11827: 11821: 11820: 11814: 11812: 11787: 11781: 11780: 11746: 11740: 11739: 11737: 11735: 11721: 11715: 11714: 11690: 11684: 11683: 11678:. Archived from 11668: 11662: 11661: 11637: 11631: 11630: 11610: 11604: 11603: 11601: 11599: 11590:. Archived from 11576: 11570: 11569: 11567: 11565: 11550: 11544: 11543: 11541: 11539: 11511: 11500: 11499: 11497: 11495: 11478: 11472: 11471: 11459: 11453: 11452: 11442: 11436: 11435: 11434:. pp. 4–21. 11423: 11414: 11413: 11411: 11409: 11386: 11380: 11374: 11368: 11367: 11365: 11363: 11348: 11342: 11341: 11339: 11337: 11332:. March 30, 2007 11322: 11316: 11315: 11313: 11311: 11290: 11284: 11283: 11281: 11279: 11265: 11259: 11258: 11238: 11232: 11231: 11223: 11217: 11216: 11214: 11212: 11187: 11178: 11177: 11175: 11173: 11168:on July 25, 2011 11158: 11152: 11151: 11123: 11117: 11116: 11093: 11087: 11086: 11066: 11060: 11059: 11057: 11055: 11040: 11034: 11033: 11028:. Archived from 11021: 11015: 11009: 11003: 11002: 10978: 10972: 10971: 10969: 10967: 10961: 10955:. Archived from 10954: 10946: 10940: 10939: 10937: 10935: 10926:. Archived from 10914: 10908: 10907: 10896:. p. 1401. 10883: 10877: 10871: 10865: 10864: 10844: 10838: 10837: 10812: 10806: 10805: 10804:on May 25, 2017. 10790: 10784: 10783: 10763: 10754: 10753: 10724: 10715: 10714: 10708: 10706: 10692: 10686: 10685: 10683: 10681: 10663: 10657: 10656: 10630: 10624: 10623: 10621: 10619: 10610:. Archived from 10600: 10594: 10593: 10591: 10589: 10583: 10574: 10568: 10567: 10561: 10557: 10555: 10547: 10517: 10511: 10510: 10495: 10486: 10485: 10473: 10467: 10466: 10442: 10436: 10435: 10433: 10431: 10406: 10400: 10399: 10384: 10378: 10377: 10375: 10373: 10352: 10346: 10345: 10330: 10324: 10323: 10321: 10319: 10304: 10298: 10297: 10285: 10279: 10278: 10271: 10265: 10264: 10242: 10231: 10225: 10219: 10218: 10216: 10214: 10187: 10181: 10180: 10178: 10176: 10149: 10143: 10142: 10129: 10123: 10122: 10120: 10118: 10103: 10097: 10096: 10094: 10092: 10077: 10071: 10070: 10032: 10026: 10025: 9987: 9981: 9980: 9975: 9973: 9964:. Archived from 9958: 9952: 9951: 9949: 9947: 9936: 9930: 9924: 9918: 9917: 9915: 9913: 9894: 9888: 9887: 9879: 9873: 9872: 9862: 9836: 9830: 9829: 9827: 9825: 9809: 9803: 9802: 9778: 9772: 9771: 9769: 9767: 9752: 9746: 9743:national service 9740: 9735:. Archived from 9721: 9715: 9714: 9712: 9710: 9698: 9692: 9691: 9689: 9687: 9676: 9670: 9669: 9667: 9660: 9652: 9646: 9645: 9643: 9641: 9632:. Archived from 9621: 9615: 9614: 9612: 9610: 9604: 9597: 9589: 9583: 9582: 9581:. March 5, 2013. 9571: 9565: 9564: 9562: 9560: 9544: 9538: 9537: 9522: 9516: 9515: 9513: 9511: 9496: 9490: 9489: 9478: 9472: 9471: 9456: 9450: 9449: 9441: 9435: 9434: 9412: 9406: 9405: 9387: 9381: 9380: 9378: 9376: 9361: 9355: 9354: 9352: 9350: 9335: 9329: 9323: 9314: 9313: 9306: 9304: 9302: 9297:. August 9, 2007 9285: 9276: 9273: 9262: 9261: 9259: 9257: 9242: 9236: 9235: 9207: 9201: 9200: 9182: 9176: 9175: 9157: 9151: 9150: 9134: 9128: 9127: 9094: 9088: 9087: 9069: 9063: 9062: 9060: 9058: 9049:. Archived from 9038: 9032: 9031: 9025: 9023: 8989:"slavery, Roman" 8984: 8978: 8977: 8975: 8973: 8946: 8940: 8939: 8927: 8919: 8913: 8912: 8908:Byzantinoslavica 8902: 8896: 8895: 8890:. Archived from 8868:Scholten, Daniel 8864: 8858: 8857: 8828: 8822: 8821: 8800:"Artikel Sklave" 8796:Kluge, Friedrich 8792: 8786: 8785: 8762: 8756: 8755: 8754:on May 20, 2018. 8731: 8725: 8724: 8713:"Artikel Sklave" 8709:Kluge, Friedrich 8705: 8699: 8693: 8687: 8686: 8675: 8669: 8668: 8658: 8634: 8628: 8627: 8617: 8611: 8610: 8608: 8606: 8587: 8581: 8580: 8575:. Archived from 8562: 8556: 8555: 8553: 8551: 8535: 8529: 8528: 8526: 8524: 8515:. Archived from 8502: 8493: 8492: 8490: 8488: 8473: 8464: 8463: 8439: 8433: 8427: 8421: 8420: 8415:. Archived from 8405: 8386: 8385: 8374:. p. 1234. 8359: 8353: 8352: 8328: 8236: 8234: 8233: 8224: 8222: 8221: 8181: 8179: 8178: 8133: 8131: 8130: 8121: 8119: 8118: 8110:Chiwetel Ejiofor 8097:12 Years a Slave 8079: 8077: 8076: 8055:Django Unchained 8037: 8035: 8034: 8025: 8023: 8022: 7984: 7982: 7981: 7971:Andrei Proshkin 7945: 7943: 7942: 7934:Daniel Day-Lewis 7929:Steven Spielberg 7904: 7902: 7901: 7879: 7862: 7860: 7859: 7824: 7822: 7821: 7812: 7810: 7809: 7772: 7770: 7769: 7760: 7758: 7757: 7723: 7721: 7720: 7682: 7680: 7679: 7670: 7668: 7667: 7650:Historical epic 7626: 7624: 7623: 7584: 7582: 7581: 7568:Steven Spielberg 7536: 7534: 7533: 7511: 7485: 7483: 7482: 7437: 7435: 7434: 7406: 7388:A Escrava Isaura 7380: 7378: 7377: 7357: 7331: 7329: 7328: 7287: 7285: 7284: 7271:Gillo Pontecorvo 7234: 7232: 7231: 7220:Bernard Borderie 7194: 7192: 7191: 7152: 7150: 7149: 7106: 7104: 7103: 7049: 7048: 6612:Somersett's Case 6483:, who ruled the 6471:Chinese Emperor 6311: 6146:Slave Trade Acts 6054: 6046: 6039: 6032: 6023: 6022: 5785:forcibly removed 5751:forced marriages 5561:khanate of Khiva 5541:Khanate of Khiva 5482:, respectively. 5401:mentions slavery 5398: 5395: 5259: 5249: 5247: 5206:Communist states 5182:Second World War 5154:In Scandinavia, 5090:Poland-Lithuania 5072: 5003:Poland–Lithuania 4978:janissary system 4890:medieval England 4846:(along with the 4829:Byzantine Empire 4822: 4819:Romanus Pontifex 4814: 4682:Classical Athens 4678:Mycenaean Greece 4618:in New Zealand. 4530:Portuguese India 4518:Slavery in India 4505:into slavery on 4412: 4401:slave rebellions 4385:Slavery in Korea 4348: 4347: 4226:Slavery in China 4103:1860 U.S. census 4088: 4085: 3999:administration, 3990:Mason–Dixon line 3888:Louisiana colony 3859:and ratified by 3854: 3772:Slavery in Haiti 3742: 3716:Slave punishment 3666: 3660: 3569: 3449:Spanish colonies 3395: 3384: 3371:prisoners of war 3248:African kingdoms 3225:Muslim countries 3217: 3152:Gustav Nachtigal 3092:Slave market in 3037:Sokoto Caliphate 2906:embassy reached 2847:prisoners of war 2755:Congo Free State 2740:internment camps 2725: 2713: 2707: 2679: 2676: 2673:Slave branding, 2591:The work of the 2445:Forced marriages 2420:domestic workers 2177:classical Greece 2089: 2083: 2077: 2076: 2071: 2065: 2059: 2058: 2053: 2046: 2030: 2029: 2024: 2023: 2018: 2012: 2011: 2006: 2000: 1999: 1991: 1985: 1984: 1979: 1973: 1972: 1964: 1950: 1949: 1930:forced marriages 1872:de facto slavery 1782: 1775: 1768: 1752:Emancipation Day 1580: 1547:Slave Trade Acts 238:Byzantine Empire 80: 53: 52: 21: 35645: 35644: 35640: 35639: 35638: 35636: 35635: 35634: 35610:Business ethics 35595: 35594: 35593: 35588: 35587: 35574: 35405:Megarian school 35356:Illuminationism 35332:New historicism 35308:Foundationalism 35293:Eretrian school 35253:Critical theory 35214:Aristotelianism 35209:Agriculturalism 35199: 35193: 35127:Modern paganism 35041: 34952:Intellectualism 34826: 34820: 34778: 34759: 34607:Meaning of life 34512:unclean animals 34369:Aesthetic taste 34355: 34311:Problem of evil 34253:National mythoi 34058: 33876: 33872:Viral phenomena 33862:Swarm behaviour 33805:Social emotions 33800:Social behavior 33780:Pseudoconsensus 33731:Majoritarianism 33631:Deindividuation 33569:Abilene paradox 33555: 33491:Myth and ritual 33349: 33330:Social progress 33305:Self-censorship 33181:Excommunication 33104:Attitude change 33081: 33075: 32907: 32892: 32843:Presuppositions 32705: 32694: 32689: 32659: 32654: 32642: 32630: 32622: 32615: 32606: 32599: 32592: 32585: 32580: 32573: 32566: 32557: 32550: 32543: 32536: 32529: 32522: 32515: 32508: 32501: 32494: 32487: 32480: 32473: 32466: 32459: 32452: 32445: 32432: 32425: 32418: 32411: 32400: 32393: 32386: 32375: 32368: 32361: 32354: 32347: 32340: 32331: 32324: 32317: 32310: 32303: 32296: 32289: 32282: 32275: 32268: 32261: 32254: 32247: 32239: 32228: 32219: 32214:Women in prison 32212: 32205: 32198: 32191: 32184: 32177: 32170: 32161: 32154: 32145: 32138: 32131: 32122: 32117:Private prisons 32115: 32108: 32101: 32094: 32087: 32080: 32073: 32066: 32059: 32050: 32043: 32032: 32025: 32018: 32011: 32002: 31995: 31988: 31979: 31972: 31965: 31958: 31943: 31936: 31927: 31920: 31907: 31900: 31893: 31886: 31879: 31872: 31865: 31858: 31851: 31844: 31837: 31826: 31819: 31812: 31805: 31798: 31791: 31784: 31778:Security levels 31773: 31766: 31759: 31752: 31745: 31738: 31731: 31722: 31715: 31708: 31701: 31694: 31687: 31680: 31673: 31666: 31659: 31639: 31632: 31627:Prisoner of war 31625: 31618: 31611: 31604: 31597: 31590: 31583: 31570: 31563: 31556: 31549: 31542: 31535: 31524: 31519: 31489: 31484: 31452: 31426:Genetic history 31351: 31345: 31321: 31315: 31295:United Kingdom 31269: 31248:Afro-Brazilians 31203: 31201: 31191: 31175: 31080: 31071: 30984: 30827: 30815: 30675: 30669: 30540:Alabama Creoles 30460: 30454: 30386: 30380: 30185: 30169: 30164: 30134: 30129: 30103: 30052: 29940: 29912: 29879: 29863:Underprivileged 29805: 29764: 29763: 29739: 29669: 29626: 29586: 29568: 29487: 29405: 29365: 29267: 29222: 29121: 29120: 29104: 29083:Social position 29073:Social mobility 28971: 28921: 28892: 28891: 28881: 28851: 28846: 28842:Organized labor 28812:Aspects of jobs 28788: 28779:Toxic workplace 28714:Emotional labor 28687: 28611:Public programs 28606: 28523:Great Recession 28493:Full employment 28481:Long Depression 28447: 28345:Banishment room 28321: 28243:Refusal of work 28186: 28110:Corporate crime 28078: 28045: 27908: 27833: 27710: 27637: 27571: 27448:Graduate school 27358: 27280: 27224: 27215:Underemployment 27074: 27018:Self-employment 26993:Contingent work 26983:Academic tenure 26976:Classifications 26971: 26966: 26936: 26931: 26902:Family planning 26887: 26878: 26854:Right of return 26814:Right to health 26762: 26759: 26751: 26715:Right to resist 26665:Right of asylum 26556: 26549: 26543: 26513: 26508: 26470: 26449:Racism in sport 26347: 26341:White supremacy 26180: 25948: 25884:Ethnic conflict 25856: 25850: 25744:Types of racism 25739: 25734: 25704: 25699: 25671: 25546:Polyculturalism 25442:Civil liberties 25410: 25391:Reappropriation 25292:Countermeasures 25287: 25216:Racial steering 25182:Numerus clausus 25086: 25080: 24805:Ethnic conflict 24740:Corrective rape 24691: 24321: 24276:minority Muslim 24158: 24050:HIV/AIDS stigma 23918: 23867:Mental disorder 23805: 23774: 23769: 23739: 23734: 23676: 23670: 23640: 23635: 23581:Book of Negroes 23535:Anti-Tom novels 23513: 23486: 23451: 23425: 23390: 23360:The Known World 23240: 23233: 23171: 23133:Up from Slavery 23036: 23025:Miguel de Buría 23007: 22976:Wallace Turnage 22912:Solomon Northup 22844:Fountain Hughes 22686:Jordan Anderson 22673: 22667: 22643:Esteban Montejo 22629: 22623: 22604: 22598: 22572: 22543:Olaudah Equiano 22525: 22508: 22478: 22442:Elizabeth Marsh 22430:Ólafur Egilsson 22418:Felice Caronni 22379: 22377: 22371: 22358: 22353: 22318: 22296: 22267: 22236: 22207:Digital History 22201: 22170: 22165: 22155: 22129: 22108: 22084: 22082: 22078: 22072: 22061: 22045: 22043: 22039: 22033: 22022: 22009: 21984: 21959: 21934: 21916: 21906: 21881: 21840: 21790: 21761: 21753:. p. 448. 21736: 21694: 21669: 21642: 21614:Digital History 21585:10.2307/2712264 21564: 21540: 21516: 21491: 21470: 21449: 21424: 21396: 21388:. Basic Books. 21380:Baptist, Edward 21375: 21226:10.2307/2234490 21132: 21111: 21096:. Hanover, NH: 21080: 21070:Greenwood Press 21052: 21024: 20999: 20974: 20949: 20920: 20896: 20871: 20846: 20825: 20800: 20775: 20767:. p. 281. 20750: 20722: 20678: 20639: 20629:Knopf Doubleday 20609: 20604: 20602:Further reading 20599: 20590: 20588: 20578: 20553: 20500: 20498: 20496: 20488:. p. 168. 20466: 20465: 20456: 20455: 20443: 20417: 20415: 20413: 20405:. p. 316. 20403:Greenwood Press 20385: 20357: 20329: 20291: 20266: 20235: 20176: 20145: 20143: 20108: 20094: 20092: 20090: 20065: 20042: 20001: 19955: 19873: 19847: 19824: 19787: 19769:, eds. (2008). 19758: 19740:, eds. (2007). 19729: 19710:on May 7, 2006. 19689: 19658: 19656: 19616: 19591: 19563: 19541: 19515:Applebaum, Anne 19504: 19502: 19483: 19478: 19477: 19467: 19465: 19460: 19459: 19455: 19440:10.2307/3660347 19422: 19418: 19387: 19383: 19375: 19371: 19363: 19356: 19333:10.2307/2904301 19313: 19309: 19302: 19282: 19278: 19268: 19266: 19247: 19243: 19236: 19216: 19212: 19200: 19199: 19190: 19189: 19185: 19159: 19155: 19150:. pp. 6–7. 19142: 19138: 19128: 19126: 19116: 19112: 19102: 19100: 19090: 19086: 19065: 19061: 19047: 19045: 19032: 19031: 19027: 19017: 19015: 19007: 19006: 19002: 18992: 18990: 18980: 18976: 18966: 18964: 18947: 18943: 18933: 18931: 18922: 18921: 18917: 18907: 18905: 18896: 18895: 18891: 18881: 18879: 18876:Chicago Tribune 18867: 18860: 18851: 18849: 18834: 18830: 18820: 18818: 18807: 18803: 18788: 18774: 18770: 18760: 18758: 18753: 18752: 18748: 18731: 18724: 18714: 18712: 18704: 18703: 18699: 18689: 18687: 18683: 18677:Yale University 18672: 18668: 18667: 18663: 18653: 18651: 18642: 18641: 18637: 18627: 18625: 18620: 18619: 18615: 18605: 18603: 18594: 18593: 18589: 18579: 18577: 18568: 18567: 18563: 18556: 18540: 18536: 18513:10.2307/2649071 18493: 18489: 18454: 18450: 18415: 18411: 18397: 18395: 18393: 18377: 18373: 18363: 18361: 18352: 18351: 18347: 18337: 18335: 18315: 18311: 18301: 18285: 18281: 18271: 18269: 18259:Dussel, Enrique 18256: 18252: 18245: 18229: 18228: 18224: 18217: 18201: 18200: 18196: 18186: 18184: 18180: 18173: 18167: 18163: 18148: 18146: 18133: 18129: 18119: 18117: 18112: 18111: 18104: 18094: 18092: 18079: 18078: 18074: 18064: 18062: 18061:on July 8, 2009 18049: 18048: 18044: 18034: 18032: 18025:Inside Investor 18017: 18013: 18003: 18001: 17997: 17993: 17992: 17988: 17978: 17976: 17964: 17960: 17950: 17948: 17947:on May 22, 2024 17927: 17923: 17904: 17903: 17899: 17884: 17880: 17870: 17868: 17867:. June 15, 2023 17857: 17856: 17852: 17842: 17840: 17839:. 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Libro.uca.edu 15656: 15652: 15645: 15631: 15627: 15595: 15588: 15578: 15576: 15567: 15566: 15562: 15552: 15550: 15540: 15536: 15529: 15509: 15505: 15495: 15493: 15486: 15482: 15472: 15470: 15466: 15465: 15458: 15448: 15446: 15437: 15436: 15432: 15418: 15414: 15407: 15389: 15385: 15375: 15373: 15360: 15359: 15355: 15336: 15332: 15295: 15291: 15277: 15275: 15273: 15265:. p. 139. 15253: 15249: 15235: 15233: 15231: 15211: 15207: 15197: 15195: 15193: 15173: 15169: 15159: 15157: 15155: 15147:. p. 417. 15135: 15131: 15121: 15119: 15114: 15113: 15109: 15099: 15097: 15090: 15086: 15076: 15074: 15065: 15064: 15060: 15053: 15034: 15030: 15023: 15006: 15002: 14965: 14961: 14954: 14940: 14936: 14929: 14907: 14903: 14896: 14876: 14872: 14860: 14851: 14842: 14832: 14830: 14821: 14820: 14816: 14806: 14804: 14802: 14782: 14778: 14768: 14766: 14757: 14756: 14752: 14713: 14709: 14692: 14690: 14688: 14680:. p. 253. 14668: 14664: 14657: 14637: 14626: 14607: 14600: 14594: 14590: 14561: 14557: 14547: 14543: 14522: 14518: 14493:Richards (2012) 14479: 14475: 14462: 14461: 14457: 14411: 14407: 14401: 14397: 14390: 14376: 14372: 14362: 14360: 14358: 14338: 14334: 14327: 14313: 14309: 14299: 14297: 14295: 14275: 14271: 14261: 14259: 14257: 14249:. p. 144. 14237: 14233: 14218: 14214: 14191: 14187: 14179:, p. 168; 14177:Saunders (1982) 14173:de Sande (2012) 14171: 14167: 14152: 14136: 14132: 14125: 14107: 14103: 14095: 14091: 14080: 14066: 14059: 14048: 14034: 14030: 14016: 14014: 14012: 14004:. p. 208. 13992: 13988: 13978: 13976: 13974: 13954: 13950: 13940: 13938: 13936: 13928:. p. 170. 13916: 13912: 13901: 13897: 13884: 13882: 13880: 13854: 13850: 13840: 13838: 13836: 13828:. p. 187. 13818:, eds. (2010). 13809: 13805: 13795: 13793: 13791: 13783:. p. 479. 13773:, eds. (2005). 13764: 13760: 13750: 13748: 13746: 13738:. p. 408. 13726: 13722: 13715: 13697: 13693: 13683: 13681: 13668: 13667: 13663: 13653: 13651: 13644:The Japan Times 13636: 13632: 13625: 13617:. p. 277. 13605: 13598: 13591: 13575: 13571: 13561: 13559: 13557: 13537: 13530: 13522: 13518: 13510: 13501: 13491: 13489: 13487: 13479:. p. 141. 13467: 13463: 13449: 13447: 13445: 13425: 13421: 13413: 13409: 13399: 13397: 13378: 13374: 13367: 13347: 13338: 13330: 13309: 13301: 13297: 13289: 13285: 13275: 13273: 13271: 13263:. p. 148. 13251: 13247: 13237: 13235: 13233: 13213: 13209: 13203: 13170: 13166: 13159: 13139: 13135: 13119: 13115: 13090: 13089: 13085: 13078: 13058: 13054: 13047: 13027: 13023: 13016: 13006:Greenwood Press 12996: 12992: 12987: 12983: 12978: 12974: 12966: 12957: 12949: 12945: 12944: 12940: 12901: 12897: 12887: 12885: 12872: 12871: 12867: 12860: 12840: 12836: 12826: 12824: 12814: 12810: 12800: 12798: 12783: 12779: 12766: 12765: 12761: 12751: 12749: 12740: 12739: 12735: 12718: 12717: 12713: 12705: 12686: 12682: 12675: 12667:. p. 129. 12655: 12651: 12644: 12628: 12624: 12613: 12606: 12595: 12583:. Gainesville: 12575: 12571: 12550: 12546: 12539: 12519: 12515: 12500: 12496: 12488: 12484: 12477: 12469:. p. 145. 12457: 12453: 12443: 12441: 12440:on June 8, 2008 12424: 12420: 12413: 12390: 12386: 12376: 12374: 12361: 12360: 12356: 12346: 12344: 12331: 12330: 12326: 12313: 12312: 12308: 12298: 12296: 12285: 12281: 12274: 12252: 12248: 12241: 12224: 12220: 12213: 12195: 12191: 12181: 12179: 12170: 12169: 12165: 12150: 12143: 12116:, p. 322; 12112: 12108: 12101: 12084: 12080: 12073: 12057: 12053: 12043: 12041: 12036: 12035: 12031: 12021:Donoghue (2010) 12015: 12011: 11970: 11966: 11958: 11944: 11940: 11927: 11926: 11922: 11914: 11896: 11892: 11887:. May 29, 1537. 11879: 11878: 11874: 11861: 11860: 11856: 11846: 11844: 11829: 11828: 11824: 11810: 11808: 11806: 11788: 11784: 11747: 11743: 11733: 11731: 11723: 11722: 11718: 11711: 11691: 11687: 11670: 11669: 11665: 11658: 11638: 11634: 11627: 11611: 11607: 11597: 11595: 11578: 11577: 11573: 11563: 11561: 11551: 11547: 11537: 11535: 11512: 11503: 11493: 11491: 11479: 11475: 11460: 11456: 11443: 11439: 11424: 11417: 11407: 11405: 11403: 11387: 11383: 11375: 11371: 11361: 11359: 11350: 11349: 11345: 11335: 11333: 11324: 11323: 11319: 11309: 11307: 11294:"Swahili Coast" 11292: 11291: 11287: 11277: 11275: 11267: 11266: 11262: 11239: 11235: 11224: 11220: 11210: 11208: 11188: 11181: 11171: 11169: 11160: 11159: 11155: 11144: 11124: 11120: 11110: 11094: 11090: 11083: 11067: 11063: 11053: 11051: 11042: 11041: 11037: 11022: 11018: 11012:Rodriguez 2007a 11010: 11006: 10999: 10979: 10975: 10965: 10963: 10962:on May 15, 2011 10959: 10952: 10948: 10947: 10943: 10933: 10931: 10916: 10915: 10911: 10904: 10884: 10880: 10872: 10868: 10861: 10845: 10841: 10834: 10826:. p. 258. 10813: 10809: 10792: 10791: 10787: 10780: 10764: 10757: 10733:African Affairs 10725: 10718: 10704: 10702: 10693: 10689: 10679: 10677: 10664: 10660: 10653: 10637:. Vol. 2. 10631: 10627: 10617: 10615: 10602: 10601: 10597: 10587: 10585: 10581: 10575: 10571: 10559: 10558: 10549: 10548: 10544: 10518: 10514: 10501:(May 6, 2023). 10499:Hellie, Richard 10496: 10489: 10474: 10470: 10463: 10443: 10439: 10429: 10427: 10407: 10403: 10385: 10381: 10371: 10369: 10354: 10353: 10349: 10341:. p. 138. 10331: 10327: 10317: 10315: 10314:. 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Boulder, CO: 9457: 9453: 9442: 9438: 9431: 9413: 9409: 9402: 9388: 9384: 9374: 9372: 9363: 9362: 9358: 9348: 9346: 9337: 9336: 9332: 9324: 9317: 9300: 9298: 9287: 9286: 9279: 9274: 9265: 9255: 9253: 9244: 9243: 9239: 9229: 9208: 9204: 9197: 9183: 9179: 9172: 9158: 9154: 9135: 9131: 9095: 9091: 9084: 9070: 9066: 9056: 9054: 9039: 9035: 9021: 9019: 9017: 8985: 8981: 8971: 8969: 8967: 8959:. p. 162. 8947: 8943: 8920: 8916: 8903: 8899: 8888: 8865: 8861: 8854: 8832:Köbler, Gerhard 8829: 8825: 8818: 8810:. p. 676. 8793: 8789: 8763: 8759: 8744: 8732: 8728: 8706: 8702: 8694: 8690: 8677: 8676: 8672: 8635: 8631: 8619: 8618: 8614: 8604: 8602: 8589: 8588: 8584: 8563: 8559: 8549: 8547: 8536: 8532: 8522: 8520: 8503: 8496: 8486: 8484: 8483:on May 27, 2010 8475: 8474: 8467: 8460: 8450:SAGE Publishing 8440: 8436: 8428: 8424: 8407: 8406: 8389: 8382: 8372:SAGE Publishing 8370:. Vol. 3. 8360: 8356: 8349: 8329: 8325: 8320: 8315: 8296:Slave rebellion 8252: 8231: 8229: 8219: 8217: 8176: 8174: 8170:Gugu Mbatha-Raw 8147:Solomon Northup 8128: 8126: 8116: 8114: 8074: 8072: 8032: 8030: 8020: 8018: 8003:500 Years Later 7979: 7977: 7940: 7938: 7899: 7897: 7877:Muhteşem Yüzyıl 7857: 7855: 7849:Kwak Jung-hwan 7819: 7817: 7807: 7805: 7767: 7765: 7755: 7753: 7718: 7716: 7677: 7675: 7665: 7663: 7621: 7619: 7579: 7577: 7531: 7529: 7480: 7478: 7432: 7430: 7375: 7373: 7326: 7324: 7282: 7280: 7229: 7227: 7189: 7187: 7178:Vincent Sherman 7147: 7145: 7136:Stanley Kubrick 7101: 7099: 7022:The Last Supper 6948: 6942: 6911: 6905: 6896:Muammar Gaddafi 6869:Ken Livingstone 6866:Mayor of London 6820:Mathieu Kérékou 6786: 6768:Free the Slaves 6749:Thích Nhất Hạnh 6678: 6650:Slave Trade Act 6634:Thomas Clarkson 6626:Olaudah Equiano 6622:Ottobah Cugoano 6600: 6576:Olaudah Equiano 6541:Bleeding Kansas 6505: 6465: 6445: 6309: 6307: 6302: 6254:Hamerton Treaty 6220:Capture of the 6191:Capture of the 6185:Veloz Passagera 6183:Capture of the 6175:Capture of the 6167:Capture of the 6159:Capture of the 6151:Capture of the 6055: 6052: 6050: 6020: 6013: 6007: 5978: 5969: 5935: 5911: 5905: 5893: 5861: 5769: 5763: 5712: 5639: 5613: 5575:and trafficked 5555:slaves was the 5543:, 19th century. 5405:Pharaonic Egypt 5396: 5370: 5348: 5342:'s paradigms". 5214: 5208: 5178: 5164: 5148:Peter the Great 5082:Crimean Khanate 5052:Barbary Pirates 5040:Yaqub al-Mansur 4995:Tatar invasions 4962:Ottoman Algeria 4920:John Gillingham 4802:Pope Nicholas V 4786:Catholic Church 4764: 4748:Main articles: 4746: 4649: 4637:Main articles: 4635: 4630: 4608: 4583: 4571:Main articles: 4569: 4567:South East Asia 4515: 4310:Mongol invasion 4228: 4206: 4201: 4195: 4170:private prisons 4166:refused to work 4126:convict leasing 4095:Abraham Lincoln 4086: 3988:divided by the 3970:British America 3939: 3892:French colonial 3809:Saint-Domingue 3769: 3694: 3655:, in French as 3599:Statue of Bussa 3580: 3535: 3519:Anthony Johnson 3413: 3412: 3411: 3410: 3398: 3397: 3396: 3387: 3386: 3385: 3331:of Brazil, the 3310: 3280: 3268:Aro Confederacy 3150:German doctor, 3143:main slave port 2865: 2859: 2829:peoples of the 2827:American Indian 2823:hunter-gatherer 2811: 2805: 2799: 2791:double jeopardy 2771: 2763:Convict leasing 2698: 2693: 2677: 2663:Egypt and Nubia 2643: 2541: 2536: 2534:Characteristics 2481:anti-psychiatry 2466:military drafts 2458: 2442: 2432: 2430:Forced marriage 2412: 2402: 2396: 2360: 2354: 2348: 2324: 2295: 2285: 2279: 2252:in Saudi Arabia 2203:the Middle East 2126: 2124:Chattel slavery 2100:unfree labourer 2096: 1967:Byzantine Greek 1942: 1892:, a slave from 1864:chattel slavery 1833:granted freedom 1813:enslaved person 1799:of a person as 1786: 1757: 1756: 1661:Slave narrative 1612:Fugitive slaves 1592: 1584: 1583: 1574: 1542:Slave rebellion 1397: 1387: 1386: 1345: 1335: 1334: 1157:United Kingdom 1093:Yankee princess 687: 679: 678: 406:Avret Pazarları 352:Avret Pazarları 221:Medieval Europe 187: 177: 176: 115:Forced marriage 90: 49: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 35643: 35633: 35632: 35630:Social classes 35627: 35622: 35617: 35612: 35607: 35590: 35589: 35584: 35583: 35580: 35579: 35576: 35575: 35573: 35572: 35567: 35565:Utilitarianism 35562: 35557: 35552: 35543: 35538: 35533: 35528: 35523: 35518: 35509: 35504: 35499: 35493:Pythagoreanism 35490: 35485: 35480: 35475: 35470: 35465: 35456: 35451: 35446: 35441: 35436: 35431: 35426: 35421: 35416: 35407: 35402: 35397: 35392: 35387: 35382: 35380:Neo-Kantianism 35373: 35368: 35363: 35358: 35353: 35348: 35339: 35334: 35325: 35320: 35315: 35310: 35305: 35300: 35298:Existentialism 35295: 35290: 35285: 35280: 35275: 35270: 35265: 35260: 35255: 35250: 35241: 35236: 35231: 35226: 35221: 35216: 35211: 35205: 35203: 35195: 35194: 35192: 35191: 35189:Zoroastrianism 35186: 35181: 35176: 35171: 35166: 35161: 35156: 35151: 35134: 35129: 35124: 35119: 35114: 35109: 35104: 35099: 35094: 35089: 35088: 35087: 35077: 35072: 35067: 35062: 35057: 35051: 35049: 35043: 35042: 35040: 35039: 35034: 35032:Utilitarianism 35029: 35024: 35019: 35014: 35009: 35004: 34999: 34994: 34989: 34984: 34979: 34974: 34969: 34967:Libertarianism 34964: 34959: 34954: 34949: 34944: 34939: 34934: 34932:Green politics 34929: 34924: 34922:Fundamentalism 34919: 34914: 34909: 34904: 34899: 34894: 34889: 34884: 34879: 34874: 34869: 34864: 34859: 34854: 34849: 34844: 34839: 34833: 34831: 34822: 34821: 34819: 34818: 34813: 34808: 34803: 34798: 34792: 34790: 34780: 34779: 34769: 34768: 34765: 34764: 34761: 34760: 34758: 34757: 34752: 34747: 34738: 34736:Unspoken rules 34733: 34728: 34723: 34718: 34713: 34708: 34703: 34698: 34693: 34688: 34683: 34682: 34681: 34671: 34666: 34661: 34656: 34651: 34646: 34641: 34636: 34631: 34626: 34621: 34620: 34619: 34609: 34604: 34599: 34594: 34589: 34588: 34587: 34577: 34576: 34575: 34570: 34560: 34555: 34550: 34545: 34540: 34535: 34530: 34521: 34516: 34515: 34514: 34504: 34499: 34494: 34489: 34484: 34479: 34478: 34477: 34467: 34462: 34461: 34460: 34455: 34445: 34440: 34435: 34430: 34425: 34420: 34415: 34410: 34405: 34400: 34395: 34390: 34385: 34376: 34371: 34365: 34363: 34357: 34356: 34354: 34353: 34348: 34343: 34338: 34333: 34328: 34323: 34318: 34313: 34308: 34307: 34306: 34296: 34295: 34294: 34284: 34283: 34282: 34272: 34267: 34266: 34265: 34255: 34250: 34249: 34248: 34238: 34233: 34228: 34223: 34218: 34213: 34208: 34203: 34198: 34193: 34188: 34183: 34178: 34169: 34164: 34159: 34150: 34145: 34140: 34139: 34138: 34128: 34123: 34122: 34121: 34111: 34106: 34105: 34104: 34094: 34089: 34084: 34079: 34074: 34068: 34066: 34060: 34059: 34057: 34056: 34051: 34050: 34049: 34044: 34034: 34033: 34032: 34022: 34017: 34012: 34011: 34010: 34005: 33995: 33990: 33985: 33980: 33975: 33973:Meta-knowledge 33970: 33965: 33963:Meaning-making 33960: 33955: 33950: 33949: 33948: 33938: 33933: 33932: 33931: 33926: 33916: 33915: 33914: 33904: 33899: 33898: 33897: 33886: 33884: 33878: 33877: 33875: 33874: 33869: 33864: 33859: 33854: 33849: 33844: 33839: 33834: 33829: 33824: 33823: 33822: 33812: 33807: 33802: 33797: 33792: 33787: 33782: 33777: 33772: 33767: 33762: 33757: 33752: 33750:Milieu control 33747: 33742: 33737: 33728: 33723: 33721:Invisible hand 33718: 33713: 33708: 33703: 33698: 33693: 33688: 33683: 33678: 33676:Group dynamics 33673: 33668: 33663: 33658: 33653: 33648: 33643: 33638: 33633: 33628: 33623: 33618: 33613: 33608: 33603: 33598: 33593: 33592: 33591: 33581: 33576: 33571: 33565: 33563: 33557: 33556: 33554: 33553: 33548: 33543: 33538: 33525: 33520: 33519: 33518: 33508: 33503: 33498: 33493: 33488: 33483: 33478: 33473: 33468: 33467: 33466: 33456: 33455: 33454: 33444: 33439: 33434: 33425: 33420: 33407: 33402: 33397: 33392: 33387: 33382: 33377: 33376: 33375: 33370: 33359: 33357: 33351: 33350: 33348: 33347: 33342: 33337: 33332: 33327: 33322: 33317: 33315:Social control 33312: 33307: 33302: 33297: 33292: 33287: 33282: 33281: 33280: 33270: 33265: 33260: 33255: 33250: 33245: 33243:Polite fiction 33240: 33235: 33230: 33225: 33220: 33215: 33210: 33208:Indoctrination 33205: 33200: 33199: 33198: 33188: 33183: 33178: 33173: 33172: 33171: 33166: 33156: 33151: 33146: 33141: 33136: 33131: 33126: 33121: 33116: 33111: 33106: 33101: 33096: 33091: 33085: 33083: 33077: 33076: 33074: 33073: 33072: 33071: 33061: 33056: 33055: 33054: 33049: 33047:placebo effect 33044: 33034: 33032:Self-deception 33029: 33024: 33019: 33014: 33009: 33004: 32999: 32994: 32989: 32984: 32979: 32974: 32969: 32964: 32959: 32954: 32953: 32952: 32942: 32937: 32932: 32927: 32921: 32919: 32909: 32908: 32898: 32897: 32894: 32893: 32891: 32890: 32885: 32880: 32875: 32873:Social reality 32870: 32865: 32860: 32855: 32853:Reality tunnel 32850: 32845: 32840: 32835: 32830: 32825: 32820: 32815: 32810: 32805: 32796: 32791: 32786: 32781: 32776: 32767: 32761:National epics 32754: 32749: 32744: 32739: 32734: 32729: 32720: 32710: 32707: 32706: 32696: 32695: 32688: 32687: 32680: 32673: 32665: 32656: 32655: 32653: 32652: 32640: 32627: 32624: 32623: 32621: 32620: 32613: 32612: 32611: 32604: 32597: 32590: 32578: 32571: 32564: 32563: 32562: 32548: 32541: 32534: 32527: 32520: 32513: 32506: 32499: 32492: 32485: 32478: 32471: 32464: 32457: 32450: 32442: 32440: 32434: 32433: 32431: 32430: 32423: 32416: 32408: 32406: 32402: 32401: 32399: 32398: 32391: 32388:Rehabilitation 32383: 32381: 32380:Leaving prison 32377: 32376: 32374: 32373: 32366: 32359: 32352: 32345: 32338: 32329: 32322: 32315: 32308: 32301: 32294: 32287: 32280: 32273: 32270:Justice Action 32266: 32259: 32252: 32249:Black and Pink 32245: 32236: 32234: 32230: 32229: 32227: 32226: 32225: 32224: 32210: 32203: 32196: 32189: 32182: 32175: 32168: 32167: 32166: 32152: 32151: 32150: 32136: 32129: 32128: 32127: 32113: 32106: 32099: 32092: 32085: 32078: 32071: 32064: 32057: 32056: 32055: 32040: 32038: 32034: 32033: 32031: 32030: 32023: 32016: 32009: 32008: 32007: 32000: 31986: 31985: 31984: 31970: 31963: 31955: 31953: 31949: 31948: 31945: 31944: 31942: 31941: 31934: 31933: 31932: 31922:Prison escapes 31917: 31915: 31909: 31908: 31906: 31905: 31898: 31891: 31884: 31877: 31870: 31863: 31856: 31849: 31842: 31834: 31832: 31828: 31827: 31825: 31824: 31817: 31810: 31803: 31796: 31789: 31781: 31779: 31775: 31774: 31772: 31771: 31764: 31757: 31750: 31743: 31736: 31729: 31728: 31727: 31720: 31706: 31699: 31692: 31685: 31678: 31671: 31664: 31656: 31654: 31647: 31641: 31640: 31638: 31637: 31630: 31623: 31616: 31609: 31602: 31595: 31588: 31580: 31578: 31572: 31571: 31569: 31568: 31561: 31554: 31547: 31540: 31532: 31530: 31526: 31525: 31518: 31517: 31510: 31503: 31495: 31486: 31485: 31483: 31482: 31472: 31461: 31458: 31457: 31454: 31453: 31451: 31450: 31449: 31448: 31438: 31436:Pan-Africanism 31433: 31428: 31423: 31421:Creole peoples 31418: 31413: 31408: 31403: 31402: 31401: 31396: 31391: 31386: 31381: 31371: 31366: 31361: 31355: 31353: 31347: 31346: 31344: 31343: 31338: 31337: 31336: 31325: 31323: 31317: 31316: 31314: 31313: 31312: 31311: 31306: 31301: 31293: 31292: 31291: 31286: 31277: 31275: 31271: 31270: 31268: 31267: 31266: 31265: 31257: 31256: 31255: 31250: 31242: 31241: 31240: 31232: 31231: 31230: 31225: 31216: 31214: 31205: 31197: 31196: 31193: 31192: 31190: 31189: 31183: 31181: 31177: 31176: 31174: 31173: 31172: 31171: 31161: 31156: 31151: 31146: 31145: 31144: 31139: 31137:Black Dutchmen 31129: 31128: 31127: 31126: 31125: 31112: 31107: 31106: 31105: 31100: 31090: 31084: 31082: 31073: 31072: 31070: 31069: 31064: 31059: 31058: 31057: 31047: 31042: 31037: 31032: 31027: 31022: 31021: 31020: 31015: 31005: 31000: 30994: 30992: 30986: 30985: 30983: 30982: 30981: 30980: 30975: 30970: 30965: 30960: 30953:United Kingdom 30950: 30945: 30940: 30935: 30930: 30925: 30920: 30915: 30910: 30905: 30900: 30895: 30890: 30889: 30888: 30878: 30873: 30872: 30871: 30861: 30856: 30851: 30846: 30841: 30835: 30833: 30821: 30820: 30817: 30816: 30814: 30813: 30808: 30803: 30802: 30801: 30796: 30791: 30786: 30781: 30771: 30766: 30761: 30756: 30755: 30754: 30749: 30744: 30734: 30729: 30728: 30727: 30717: 30712: 30711: 30710: 30705: 30700: 30690: 30685: 30679: 30677: 30671: 30670: 30668: 30667: 30666: 30665: 30660: 30655: 30650: 30645: 30640: 30635: 30630: 30625: 30620: 30615: 30610: 30605: 30604: 30603: 30598: 30593: 30592: 30591: 30586: 30584:Creek freedmen 30581: 30576: 30571: 30557: 30555:Black Hispanic 30552: 30547: 30542: 30537: 30532: 30521:United States 30519: 30518: 30517: 30507: 30506: 30505: 30500: 30495: 30490: 30485: 30480: 30475: 30464: 30462: 30456: 30455: 30453: 30452: 30451: 30450: 30440: 30435: 30434: 30433: 30426:Miskito people 30423: 30418: 30413: 30408: 30403: 30402: 30401: 30390: 30388: 30382: 30381: 30379: 30378: 30373: 30372: 30371: 30366: 30356: 30355: 30354: 30344: 30339: 30334: 30329: 30328: 30327: 30322: 30317: 30307: 30306: 30305: 30300: 30290: 30285: 30284: 30283: 30278: 30268: 30263: 30258: 30257: 30256: 30251: 30246: 30236: 30234:Cayman Islands 30231: 30226: 30221: 30216: 30211: 30206: 30200: 30198: 30189: 30175: 30171: 30170: 30163: 30162: 30155: 30148: 30140: 30131: 30130: 30128: 30127: 30116: 30113: 30112: 30109: 30108: 30105: 30104: 30102: 30101: 30096: 30091: 30086: 30084:Ottoman Empire 30081: 30076: 30071: 30069:Ancient Greece 30066: 30060: 30058: 30054: 30053: 30051: 30050: 30045: 30043:United Kingdom 30040: 30035: 30030: 30025: 30020: 30015: 30010: 30005: 30000: 29995: 29990: 29985: 29980: 29975: 29970: 29965: 29960: 29954: 29952: 29946: 29945: 29942: 29941: 29939: 29938: 29936:Home-ownership 29933: 29928: 29922: 29920: 29914: 29913: 29911: 29910: 29905: 29900: 29895: 29889: 29887: 29881: 29880: 29878: 29877: 29876: 29875: 29870: 29860: 29859: 29858: 29853: 29848: 29838: 29837: 29836: 29831: 29826: 29815: 29813: 29807: 29806: 29804: 29803: 29798: 29793: 29791:American Dream 29788: 29782: 29776: 29766: 29765: 29753: 29752: 29749: 29748: 29745: 29744: 29741: 29740: 29738: 29737: 29732: 29723: 29718: 29713: 29704: 29695: 29690: 29685: 29679: 29677: 29671: 29670: 29668: 29667: 29662: 29657: 29652: 29647: 29642: 29636: 29634: 29628: 29627: 29625: 29624: 29619: 29614: 29609: 29608: 29607: 29596: 29594: 29588: 29587: 29585: 29584: 29578: 29576: 29570: 29569: 29567: 29566: 29559: 29550: 29545: 29540: 29535: 29534: 29533: 29528: 29518: 29513: 29508: 29503: 29497: 29495: 29489: 29488: 29486: 29485: 29476: 29471: 29466: 29461: 29456: 29451: 29446: 29441: 29436: 29431: 29426: 29421: 29415: 29413: 29407: 29406: 29404: 29403: 29398: 29393: 29388: 29387: 29386: 29375: 29373: 29367: 29366: 29364: 29363: 29358: 29357: 29356: 29351: 29350: 29349: 29334: 29333: 29332: 29327: 29319: 29318: 29317: 29307: 29302: 29297: 29296: 29295: 29284: 29282: 29273: 29269: 29268: 29266: 29265: 29260: 29255: 29250: 29245: 29240: 29234: 29232: 29224: 29223: 29221: 29220: 29215: 29210: 29205: 29203:Migrant worker 29200: 29195: 29194: 29193: 29183: 29182: 29181: 29176: 29171: 29166: 29156: 29155: 29154: 29149: 29139: 29133: 29131: 29123: 29122: 29119:By demographic 29110: 29109: 29106: 29105: 29103: 29102: 29099:Status Anxiety 29095: 29090: 29085: 29080: 29075: 29070: 29065: 29060: 29055: 29053:Ranked society 29050: 29045: 29032: 29027: 29022: 29017: 29012: 29007: 29002: 28997: 28995:Class conflict 28992: 28987: 28981: 28979: 28978: topics 28973: 28972: 28970: 28969: 28964: 28959: 28954: 28952:Mudsill theory 28949: 28944: 28939: 28933: 28931: 28923: 28922: 28920: 28919: 28912: 28905: 28897: 28894: 28893: 28890: 28889: 28883: 28880: 28879: 28872: 28865: 28857: 28848: 28847: 28845: 28844: 28839: 28834: 28829: 28824: 28819: 28814: 28809: 28803: 28802: 28793: 28790: 28789: 28787: 28786: 28781: 28776: 28771: 28766: 28764:Sunday scaries 28761: 28756: 28751: 28746: 28741: 28736: 28731: 28726: 28721: 28716: 28711: 28706: 28701: 28695: 28693: 28689: 28688: 28681: 28680: 28675: 28670: 28665: 28660: 28655: 28650: 28645: 28640: 28635: 28630: 28625: 28620: 28614: 28612: 28608: 28607: 28605: 28604: 28599: 28594: 28593: 28592: 28587: 28577: 28572: 28567: 28562: 28557: 28552: 28547: 28542: 28541: 28540: 28535: 28530: 28525: 28515: 28513:Phillips curve 28510: 28505: 28500: 28495: 28490: 28485: 28484: 28483: 28478: 28468: 28463: 28457: 28455: 28449: 28448: 28446: 28445: 28440: 28439: 28438: 28433: 28423: 28422: 28421: 28416: 28414:Retirement age 28411: 28401: 28396: 28395: 28394: 28384: 28379: 28374: 28369: 28367:Exit interview 28364: 28359: 28358: 28357: 28352: 28347: 28337: 28331: 28329: 28323: 28322: 28320: 28319: 28314: 28313: 28312: 28307: 28297: 28292: 28291: 28290: 28285: 28280: 28275: 28270: 28265: 28260: 28255: 28245: 28240: 28235: 28230: 28225: 28220: 28215: 28210: 28205: 28200: 28194: 28192: 28188: 28187: 28185: 28184: 28179: 28174: 28169: 28164: 28159: 28154: 28149: 28144: 28139: 28134: 28129: 28124: 28119: 28117:Discrimination 28114: 28113: 28112: 28107: 28102: 28097: 28086: 28084: 28080: 28079: 28077: 28076: 28071: 28069:Gender pay gap 28066: 28061: 28055: 28053: 28047: 28046: 28044: 28043: 28038: 28033: 28028: 28023: 28018: 28017: 28016: 28006: 28001: 28000: 27999: 27989: 27984: 27979: 27974: 27969: 27964: 27959: 27954: 27949: 27944: 27939: 27934: 27929: 27924: 27918: 27916: 27910: 27909: 27907: 27906: 27901: 27900: 27899: 27889: 27884: 27882:Parental leave 27879: 27877:Marriage leave 27874: 27872:Life insurance 27869: 27864: 27859: 27854: 27849: 27843: 27841: 27835: 27834: 27832: 27831: 27826: 27821: 27816: 27811: 27806: 27801: 27800: 27799: 27789: 27788: 27787: 27782: 27777: 27772: 27762: 27761: 27760: 27755: 27745: 27740: 27735: 27730: 27728:Income bracket 27724: 27722: 27712: 27711: 27709: 27708: 27703: 27698: 27693: 27688: 27683: 27678: 27673: 27668: 27663: 27661:Eight-hour day 27658: 27653: 27647: 27645: 27639: 27638: 27636: 27635: 27630: 27625: 27620: 27615: 27610: 27605: 27600: 27595: 27590: 27585: 27579: 27577: 27573: 27572: 27570: 27569: 27564: 27559: 27558: 27557: 27552: 27542: 27537: 27532: 27527: 27526: 27525: 27520: 27515: 27510: 27505: 27500: 27495: 27490: 27485: 27480: 27475: 27470: 27465: 27460: 27455: 27450: 27445: 27440: 27435: 27430: 27420: 27418:Creative class 27415: 27410: 27405: 27400: 27395: 27390: 27389: 27388: 27378: 27376:Apprenticeship 27372: 27370: 27360: 27359: 27357: 27356: 27351: 27346: 27344:Scarlet-collar 27341: 27336: 27331: 27326: 27321: 27316: 27311: 27306: 27301: 27296: 27290: 27288: 27282: 27281: 27279: 27278: 27273: 27268: 27263: 27258: 27253: 27248: 27243: 27238: 27232: 27230: 27226: 27225: 27223: 27222: 27217: 27212: 27207: 27202: 27197: 27192: 27187: 27182: 27177: 27172: 27167: 27162: 27157: 27152: 27147: 27142: 27137: 27136: 27135: 27125: 27120: 27115: 27110: 27105: 27100: 27095: 27090: 27084: 27082: 27076: 27075: 27073: 27072: 27067: 27062: 27060:Temporary work 27057: 27052: 27047: 27046: 27045: 27040: 27035: 27028:Skilled worker 27025: 27020: 27015: 27010: 27005: 27000: 26995: 26990: 26985: 26979: 26977: 26973: 26972: 26965: 26964: 26957: 26950: 26942: 26933: 26932: 26930: 26929: 26924: 26919: 26914: 26909: 26904: 26899: 26893: 26891: 26880: 26879: 26877: 26876: 26871: 26869:Right to water 26866: 26861: 26856: 26851: 26846: 26844:Right of reply 26841: 26836: 26831: 26826: 26821: 26816: 26811: 26806: 26801: 26796: 26791: 26786: 26781: 26776: 26771: 26769:Digital rights 26765: 26763: 26756: 26753: 26752: 26750: 26749: 26744: 26743: 26742: 26732: 26727: 26725:Right to truth 26722: 26717: 26712: 26707: 26702: 26697: 26692: 26687: 26682: 26677: 26672: 26667: 26662: 26657: 26652: 26647: 26642: 26637: 26632: 26627: 26622: 26617: 26612: 26607: 26602: 26597: 26592: 26587: 26582: 26577: 26572: 26566: 26564: 26558: 26557: 26554: 26551: 26550: 26542: 26541: 26534: 26527: 26519: 26510: 26509: 26507: 26506: 26496: 26486: 26475: 26472: 26471: 26469: 26468: 26463: 26461:Reverse racism 26458: 26457: 26456: 26446: 26441: 26436: 26434:Racial figleaf 26431: 26426: 26421: 26416: 26411: 26406: 26401: 26396: 26391: 26386: 26381: 26376: 26371: 26366: 26361: 26355: 26353: 26352:Related topics 26349: 26348: 26346: 26345: 26344: 26343: 26333: 26328: 26323: 26318: 26313: 26311:Middle Eastern 26308: 26303: 26302: 26301: 26296: 26286: 26285: 26284: 26274: 26269: 26268: 26267: 26262: 26252: 26251: 26250: 26245: 26244: 26243: 26233: 26232: 26231: 26226: 26216: 26215: 26214: 26209: 26194: 26188: 26186: 26182: 26181: 26179: 26178: 26177: 26176: 26171: 26166: 26156: 26155: 26154: 26149: 26144: 26134: 26133: 26132: 26127: 26122: 26117: 26107: 26106: 26105: 26103:United Kingdom 26100: 26095: 26090: 26085: 26080: 26075: 26070: 26065: 26060: 26055: 26045: 26040: 26039: 26038: 26033: 26028: 26018: 26017: 26016: 26011: 26006: 26001: 25996: 25991: 25981: 25980: 25979: 25974: 25964: 25958: 25956: 25950: 25949: 25947: 25946: 25941: 25936: 25931: 25926: 25921: 25916: 25911: 25906: 25901: 25896: 25891: 25886: 25881: 25876: 25871: 25866: 25860: 25858: 25855:Manifestations 25852: 25851: 25849: 25848: 25843: 25838: 25833: 25828: 25823: 25818: 25813: 25808: 25803: 25798: 25793: 25788: 25783: 25778: 25773: 25768: 25763: 25758: 25753: 25747: 25745: 25741: 25740: 25733: 25732: 25725: 25718: 25710: 25701: 25700: 25698: 25697: 25687: 25676: 25673: 25672: 25670: 25669: 25664: 25663: 25662: 25652: 25647: 25642: 25641: 25640: 25635: 25630: 25620: 25615: 25610: 25605: 25600: 25595: 25594: 25593: 25591:Reverse racism 25583: 25578: 25573: 25568: 25563: 25561:Prisoner abuse 25558: 25553: 25551:Power distance 25548: 25543: 25538: 25533: 25528: 25523: 25518: 25517: 25516: 25506: 25501: 25496: 25491: 25486: 25481: 25476: 25471: 25469:Ethnic penalty 25466: 25465: 25464: 25462:Neurodiversity 25459: 25449: 25447:Dehumanization 25444: 25439: 25437:Cisnormativity 25434: 25429: 25424: 25418: 25416: 25415:Related topics 25412: 25411: 25409: 25408: 25403: 25398: 25393: 25388: 25383: 25378: 25373: 25368: 25363: 25358: 25353: 25348: 25343: 25338: 25337: 25336: 25326: 25321: 25316: 25311: 25306: 25301: 25295: 25293: 25289: 25288: 25286: 25285: 25280: 25275: 25273:State religion 25270: 25265: 25260: 25255: 25254: 25253: 25248: 25243: 25238: 25228: 25223: 25218: 25213: 25212: 25211: 25209:Nuremberg Laws 25206: 25196: 25191: 25186: 25178: 25173: 25168: 25163: 25158: 25153: 25151:Ghetto benches 25148: 25146:Gerrymandering 25143: 25138: 25133: 25131:Gender pay gap 25128: 25127: 25126: 25121: 25111: 25106: 25101: 25096: 25090: 25088: 25085:Discriminatory 25082: 25081: 25079: 25078: 25073: 25068: 25063: 25058: 25053: 25048: 25043: 25038: 25033: 25028: 25023: 25018: 25013: 25008: 25003: 24998: 24993: 24988: 24983: 24978: 24973: 24968: 24963: 24962: 24961: 24956: 24951: 24941: 24936: 24931: 24926: 24921: 24916: 24914:Lavender scare 24911: 24909:Kill Haole Day 24906: 24904:Indian rolling 24901: 24896: 24891: 24886: 24881: 24880: 24879: 24869: 24864: 24863: 24862: 24852: 24847: 24842: 24837: 24832: 24827: 24822: 24817: 24812: 24807: 24802: 24797: 24792: 24790:Eliminationism 24787: 24782: 24777: 24772: 24767: 24762: 24757: 24752: 24747: 24742: 24737: 24732: 24727: 24725:Cancel culture 24722: 24717: 24712: 24711: 24710: 24699: 24697: 24696:Manifestations 24693: 24692: 24690: 24689: 24684: 24679: 24674: 24669: 24664: 24659: 24654: 24649: 24644: 24639: 24634: 24629: 24624: 24619: 24614: 24609: 24604: 24599: 24594: 24589: 24584: 24582:Middle Eastern 24579: 24574: 24569: 24564: 24559: 24554: 24549: 24548: 24547: 24537: 24532: 24527: 24522: 24521: 24520: 24515: 24510: 24502: 24497: 24492: 24487: 24482: 24477: 24472: 24467: 24462: 24457: 24452: 24447: 24442: 24437: 24432: 24427: 24422: 24417: 24416: 24415: 24410: 24405: 24395: 24390: 24385: 24384: 24383: 24378: 24373: 24363: 24358: 24353: 24348: 24343: 24338: 24332: 24330: 24323: 24322: 24320: 24319: 24317:Zoroastrianism 24314: 24309: 24304: 24299: 24294: 24293: 24292: 24282: 24281: 24280: 24279: 24278: 24273: 24268: 24263: 24258: 24243: 24242: 24241: 24239:Untouchability 24236: 24226: 24221: 24220: 24219: 24214: 24209: 24204: 24199: 24189: 24184: 24179: 24174: 24168: 24166: 24160: 24159: 24157: 24156: 24151: 24146: 24145: 24144: 24139: 24134: 24124: 24123: 24122: 24117: 24107: 24102: 24097: 24092: 24087: 24082: 24077: 24072: 24067: 24062: 24060:Leprosy stigma 24057: 24052: 24047: 24042: 24037: 24032: 24027: 24022: 24017: 24012: 24007: 24002: 23997: 23992: 23987: 23982: 23977: 23972: 23967: 23962: 23957: 23952: 23947: 23942: 23937: 23932: 23926: 23924: 23920: 23919: 23917: 23916: 23911: 23906: 23901: 23896: 23891: 23886: 23885: 23884: 23879: 23869: 23864: 23859: 23854: 23849: 23844: 23839: 23834: 23829: 23824: 23819: 23813: 23811: 23807: 23806: 23804: 23803: 23798: 23793: 23788: 23782: 23780: 23776: 23775: 23772:Discrimination 23768: 23767: 23760: 23753: 23745: 23736: 23735: 23733: 23732: 23727: 23722: 23717: 23712: 23707: 23702: 23700:Haruwa–charuwa 23697: 23692: 23687: 23681: 23678: 23677: 23669: 23668: 23661: 23654: 23646: 23637: 23636: 23634: 23633: 23625: 23617: 23609: 23601: 23593: 23585: 23577: 23572: 23567: 23562: 23557: 23552: 23547: 23542: 23537: 23532: 23527: 23521: 23519: 23515: 23514: 23512: 23511: 23503: 23494: 23492: 23488: 23487: 23485: 23484: 23476: 23468: 23459: 23457: 23453: 23452: 23450: 23449: 23441: 23433: 23431: 23427: 23426: 23424: 23423: 23415: 23407: 23398: 23396: 23392: 23391: 23389: 23388: 23380: 23372: 23364: 23356: 23348: 23340: 23332: 23324: 23320:Middle Passage 23316: 23308: 23300: 23292: 23284: 23276: 23268: 23260: 23252: 23244: 23222: 23214: 23206: 23198: 23190: 23181: 23179: 23177:Fiction/novels 23173: 23172: 23170: 23169: 23161: 23153: 23145: 23137: 23129: 23121: 23113: 23105: 23097: 23089: 23081: 23073: 23065: 23057: 23048: 23046: 23042: 23041: 23038: 23037: 23035: 23034: 23028: 23022: 23015: 23013: 23009: 23008: 23006: 23005: 22999: 22994: 22991:Wallace Willis 22988: 22983: 22978: 22973: 22971:Harriet Tubman 22968: 22961: 22958:Austin Steward 22955: 22950: 22945: 22940: 22935: 22930: 22928:William Parker 22925: 22919: 22914: 22909: 22903: 22898: 22896:J. Vance Lewis 22893: 22888: 22883: 22878: 22872: 22867: 22862: 22860:Harriet Jacobs 22857: 22852: 22847: 22841: 22836: 22834:William Grimes 22831: 22826:(19th century 22821: 22816: 22811: 22806: 22796: 22791: 22785: 22783:Kate Drumgoold 22780: 22775: 22770: 22765: 22760: 22755: 22750: 22745: 22739: 22734: 22729: 22724: 22718: 22713: 22708: 22703: 22701:Solomon Bayley 22698: 22693: 22688: 22683: 22677: 22675: 22672:North America: 22669: 22668: 22666: 22665: 22659: 22652: 22646: 22640: 22633: 22631: 22628:North America: 22625: 22624: 22622: 22621: 22618:John R. Jewitt 22615: 22608: 22606: 22603:North America: 22600: 22599: 22597: 22596: 22591: 22586: 22580: 22578: 22577:Ottoman Empire 22574: 22573: 22571: 22570: 22564: 22558: 22555:Jean Marteilhe 22552: 22546: 22540: 22533: 22531: 22527: 22526: 22524: 22523: 22516: 22514: 22510: 22509: 22507: 22506: 22500: 22494: 22488: 22482: 22469: 22463: 22457: 22451: 22445: 22439: 22438:(late 19th c.) 22433: 22427: 22421: 22415: 22412:Isaac Brassard 22409: 22403: 22397: 22390: 22388: 22381: 22380:of enslavement 22373: 22372: 22370: 22369: 22363: 22360: 22359: 22352: 22351: 22344: 22337: 22329: 22323: 22320: 22319: 22310: 22309: 22303: 22295: 22292: 22291: 22290: 22281: 22270: 22261: 22255: 22246: 22234: 22225: 22219: 22199: 22190: 22180: 22169: 22166: 22164: 22163:External links 22161: 22160: 22159: 22153: 22137:Sowell, Thomas 22133: 22127: 22112: 22106: 22091: 22070: 22052: 22031: 22013: 22007: 21988: 21982: 21963: 21957: 21938: 21932: 21926:. Peter Lang. 21915: 21912: 21911: 21910: 21904: 21885: 21879: 21860: 21838: 21822:Cato Institute 21814:Hamowy, Ronald 21805: 21794: 21788: 21769: 21759: 21740: 21734: 21712: 21698: 21692: 21673: 21667: 21659:Westview Press 21650: 21640: 21622: 21605: 21568: 21562: 21544: 21538: 21520: 21514: 21495: 21489: 21474: 21468: 21453: 21447: 21428: 21422: 21400: 21394: 21374: 21371: 21370: 21369: 21351:(1): 109–112. 21340: 21330:(3): 463–466. 21317: 21291:(2): 503–513. 21280: 21270:(1): 141–147. 21259: 21249:(4): 792–793. 21238: 21209: 21183:(2): 161–183. 21172: 21154:(2): 296–298. 21142: 21141: 21137: 21136: 21130: 21115: 21109: 21084: 21078: 21056: 21050: 21028: 21022: 21003: 20997: 20978: 20972: 20953: 20947: 20928: 20918: 20900: 20894: 20875: 20869: 20850: 20844: 20829: 20823: 20804: 20798: 20779: 20773: 20754: 20748: 20726: 20720: 20698: 20676: 20660:Cato Institute 20652:Hamowy, Ronald 20643: 20637: 20614: 20613: 20608: 20605: 20603: 20600: 20598: 20597: 20576: 20557: 20551: 20538: 20520:(3): 201–253. 20507: 20494: 20475: 20467:|journal= 20441: 20424: 20411: 20389: 20383: 20361: 20355: 20333: 20327: 20308: 20295: 20289: 20270: 20264: 20239: 20233: 20214: 20201: 20180: 20174: 20156:Lewis, Bernard 20152: 20119:(2): 170–179. 20101: 20088: 20082:. p. 49. 20069: 20063: 20046: 20040: 20018: 20005: 19999: 19989:. Athens, GA: 19978: 19959: 19953: 19933: 19921:(4): 943–974. 19906: 19888:(4): 735–743. 19877: 19871: 19851: 19845: 19828: 19822: 19803: 19791: 19785: 19762: 19756: 19733: 19727: 19712: 19693: 19687: 19665: 19650:guides.loc.gov 19641: 19628: 19614: 19595: 19589: 19567: 19561: 19545: 19539: 19523: 19511: 19484: 19482: 19479: 19476: 19475: 19453: 19416: 19403:10.2307/494885 19381: 19369: 19354: 19307: 19300: 19276: 19241: 19234: 19210: 19183: 19165:. Oxford, UK: 19153: 19136: 19110: 19084: 19059: 19025: 19000: 18974: 18941: 18915: 18889: 18858: 18828: 18801: 18786: 18768: 18746: 18722: 18697: 18686:on May 2, 2013 18661: 18635: 18613: 18587: 18561: 18554: 18534: 18487: 18448: 18427:Berghahn Books 18409: 18391: 18371: 18345: 18309: 18299: 18279: 18250: 18243: 18222: 18215: 18194: 18161: 18127: 18102: 18072: 18042: 18011: 17986: 17958: 17921: 17897: 17878: 17850: 17822: 17790: 17758: 17726: 17678: 17648: 17615: 17587: 17557: 17531: 17505: 17480: 17454: 17428: 17409: 17394:Doctorow, Cory 17385: 17359: 17345: 17328: 17310: 17279: 17253: 17228: 17200: 17172: 17145: 17119: 17096: 17065: 17045: 17022: 16999: 16973: 16937: 16918: 16911: 16894: 16882: 16852: 16822: 16808:The New Yorker 16794: 16768: 16754: 16730: 16716: 16702: 16680: 16673: 16661:Dalman, Gustaf 16652: 16634: 16598: 16585:"Soldier Khan" 16576: 16550: 16538: 16516: 16501: 16486: 16461: 16454: 16424: 16403: 16364: 16344: 16320: 16283: 16280:Meltzer (1993) 16259: 16255:Applebaum 2003 16247: 16235: 16205: 16190:. May 12, 2020 16175: 16155: 16122: 16111:. May 30, 2001 16100: 16074: 16052: 16045: 16025: 15993: 15968: 15957:(2): 189–210. 15933: 15906: 15892: 15868: 15861: 15837: 15823: 15799: 15785: 15761: 15754: 15725: 15711: 15691: 15673: 15650: 15643: 15625: 15586: 15560: 15534: 15527: 15521:. p. 37. 15517:. Manchester: 15503: 15480: 15456: 15430: 15427:, pp. 8–9 15412: 15405: 15383: 15353: 15330: 15309:(4): 830–832. 15289: 15271: 15247: 15229: 15223:. p. 96. 15205: 15191: 15167: 15153: 15129: 15107: 15084: 15073:. May 14, 2020 15058: 15051: 15028: 15021: 15000: 14987:10.2307/293259 14959: 14952: 14934: 14927: 14919:Westview Press 14901: 14894: 14870: 14840: 14814: 14800: 14776: 14750: 14707: 14699:Slaves called 14686: 14662: 14655: 14649:. p. 13. 14624: 14598: 14588: 14555: 14541: 14516: 14489:Prakash (1985) 14485:Prakash (1998) 14473: 14455: 14425:(3): 277–288. 14405: 14395: 14388: 14370: 14356: 14332: 14325: 14307: 14293: 14287:. p. 37. 14269: 14255: 14231: 14228:. p. 465. 14212: 14201:(4): 463–492. 14185: 14165: 14150: 14130: 14123: 14101: 14089: 14078: 14057: 14046: 14028: 14010: 13986: 13972: 13948: 13934: 13910: 13895: 13878: 13848: 13834: 13803: 13789: 13758: 13744: 13720: 13713: 13691: 13661: 13650:on May 5, 2019 13630: 13623: 13596: 13589: 13569: 13555: 13528: 13526:, p. 157. 13516: 13499: 13485: 13461: 13443: 13437:. p. 50. 13419: 13407: 13372: 13365: 13336: 13332:Rodriguez 1997 13307: 13305:, p. 206. 13295: 13293:, p. 145. 13283: 13269: 13245: 13231: 13225:. p. 69. 13207: 13201: 13173:Granet, Marcel 13164: 13157: 13133: 13127:, p. 51; 13123:, p. 49; 13113: 13083: 13076: 13052: 13045: 13021: 13014: 12990: 12981: 12972: 12968:Rodriguez 1997 12955: 12938: 12911:(1): 229–242. 12895: 12865: 12858: 12834: 12808: 12777: 12759: 12748:. January 1992 12733: 12711: 12703: 12680: 12673: 12649: 12642: 12622: 12604: 12593: 12587:. p. 44. 12569: 12544: 12537: 12531:. p. 18. 12513: 12494: 12482: 12475: 12451: 12418: 12411: 12405:. p. 17. 12384: 12354: 12324: 12306: 12279: 12272: 12246: 12239: 12218: 12211: 12189: 12163: 12160:, Los Angeles. 12141: 12138:Burnham (1993) 12132:, p. 46; 12120:, p. 78; 12106: 12099: 12078: 12071: 12051: 12029: 12009: 11964: 11956: 11938: 11920: 11912: 11906:. p. xi. 11890: 11872: 11854: 11822: 11804: 11782: 11741: 11716: 11709: 11703:. p. 16. 11685: 11663: 11656: 11632: 11625: 11605: 11571: 11545: 11501: 11473: 11454: 11437: 11415: 11401: 11381: 11379:, p. 173. 11369: 11343: 11317: 11285: 11260: 11233: 11218: 11179: 11153: 11142: 11118: 11108: 11088: 11081: 11061: 11035: 11016: 11014:, p. 585. 11004: 10997: 10973: 10941: 10909: 10902: 10878: 10866: 10859: 10839: 10832: 10807: 10785: 10778: 10755: 10716: 10687: 10673:The Daily Star 10658: 10651: 10645:. p. 27. 10625: 10608:Britannica.com 10595: 10569: 10542: 10512: 10487: 10468: 10461: 10437: 10401: 10398:. p. 272. 10388:Stengers, Jean 10379: 10361:Foreign Policy 10347: 10325: 10299: 10280: 10266: 10259: 10232: 10220: 10206: 10182: 10168: 10162:. p. 68. 10144: 10124: 10098: 10086:MPRA Paper 372 10072: 10027: 10000:(4): 777–803. 9982: 9953: 9931: 9919: 9907:dictionary.com 9898:"wage slavery" 9889: 9874: 9831: 9804: 9797: 9791:. p. 26. 9773: 9747: 9733:davidkopel.com 9716: 9693: 9671: 9647: 9616: 9584: 9566: 9539: 9517: 9491: 9473: 9465:Westview Press 9451: 9436: 9429: 9407: 9400: 9382: 9356: 9343:United Nations 9330: 9315: 9277: 9263: 9237: 9227: 9202: 9195: 9177: 9170: 9152: 9145:. p. 10. 9129: 9089: 9082: 9064: 9033: 9015: 8979: 8965: 8941: 8914: 8897: 8886: 8859: 8852: 8823: 8816: 8787: 8757: 8726: 8700: 8688: 8670: 8649:(1): 169–172. 8629: 8612: 8582: 8557: 8530: 8512:The New Yorker 8494: 8465: 8458: 8452:. p. 43. 8434: 8422: 8387: 8380: 8354: 8347: 8322: 8321: 8319: 8316: 8314: 8313: 8308: 8303: 8298: 8293: 8288: 8283: 8281:List of slaves 8278: 8273: 8268: 8263: 8253: 8251: 8248: 8245: 8244: 8242: 8240: 8215: 8210: 8205: 8202: 8197: 8193: 8192: 8187: 8185: 8183:United Kingdom 8172: 8167: 8162: 8159: 8154: 8150: 8149: 8144: 8137: 8123:United Kingdom 8112: 8107: 8102: 8099: 8094: 8090: 8089: 8086: 8083: 8070: 8065: 8060: 8057: 8052: 8048: 8047: 8044: 8041: 8027:United Kingdom 8016: 8013: 8010: 8005: 8000: 7996: 7995: 7990: 7988: 7975: 7972: 7969: 7966: 7961: 7957: 7956: 7951: 7949: 7936: 7931: 7926: 7923: 7918: 7914: 7913: 7911: 7908: 7895: 7890: 7885: 7882: 7874: 7870: 7869: 7866: 7853: 7850: 7847: 7844: 7839: 7835: 7834: 7831: 7828: 7803: 7800: 7795: 7792: 7787: 7783: 7782: 7779: 7776: 7762:United Kingdom 7751: 7748: 7743: 7740: 7735: 7731: 7730: 7727: 7714: 7712:Pedro Telemaco 7709: 7704: 7701: 7696: 7692: 7691: 7689: 7686: 7672:United Kingdom 7661: 7656: 7651: 7648: 7643: 7639: 7638: 7633: 7630: 7617: 7612: 7610:Jonathan Demme 7607: 7604: 7599: 7595: 7594: 7591: 7588: 7575: 7573:Djimon Hounsou 7570: 7565: 7562: 7557: 7553: 7552: 7547: 7540: 7527: 7522: 7517: 7514: 7506: 7502: 7501: 7496: 7489: 7476: 7471: 7466: 7463: 7458: 7454: 7453: 7448: 7441: 7428: 7425: 7412: 7409: 7401: 7397: 7396: 7391: 7384: 7371: 7368: 7366:Herval Rossano 7363: 7360: 7355:Escrava Isaura 7352: 7348: 7347: 7342: 7335: 7322: 7317: 7312: 7309: 7302: 7298: 7297: 7294: 7291: 7278: 7273: 7268: 7265: 7255: 7251: 7250: 7245: 7238: 7225: 7222: 7217: 7214: 7209: 7205: 7204: 7201: 7198: 7185: 7183:Horst Buchholz 7180: 7175: 7172: 7167: 7163: 7162: 7159: 7156: 7143: 7138: 7133: 7130: 7125: 7121: 7120: 7115: 7110: 7097: 7092: 7090:D. W. Griffith 7087: 7084: 7079: 7075: 7074: 7071: 7068: 7065: 7062: 7059: 7056: 7053: 7044:sensationalism 7027:La última cena 6941: 6938: 6928:In June 2023, 6907:Main article: 6904: 6901: 6836:Jerry Rawlings 6832:Bight of Benin 6830:bordering the 6785: 6782: 6753:Abraham Skorka 6695:In the 1860s, 6677: 6674: 6654:British Empire 6618:Sons of Africa 6608:Lord Mansfield 6599: 6596: 6504: 6501: 6464: 6461: 6304: 6303: 6301: 6300: 6299: 6298: 6288: 6283: 6282: 6281: 6271: 6269:Moresby Treaty 6266: 6261: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6238: 6230: 6225: 6217: 6209: 6201: 6196: 6188: 6180: 6172: 6164: 6156: 6148: 6143: 6138: 6133: 6128: 6123: 6118: 6117: 6116: 6106: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6084:Firman of 1857 6081: 6079:Firman of 1854 6076: 6071: 6069:Firman of 1830 6066: 6060: 6057: 6056: 6049: 6048: 6041: 6034: 6026: 6009:Main article: 6006: 6003: 5977: 5974: 5968: 5965: 5934: 5931: 5919:European Union 5915:United Nations 5904: 5901: 5892: 5889: 5860: 5857: 5762: 5759: 5714:In June 2013, 5711: 5708: 5704:Central Africa 5652:Siddharth Kara 5612: 5609: 5518:Ottoman Empire 5502:Constantinople 5498:Ottoman Empire 5347: 5344: 5284:and notes its 5230:Anne Applebaum 5210:Main article: 5207: 5204: 5174:Main article: 5163: 5160: 5114:Russian Empire 5024:Medieval Spain 5019:, 13th Century 4894:medieval Wales 4886:Hywel the Good 4875:Zanj Rebellion 4844:Eastern Europe 4825:early medieval 4745: 4742: 4686:Roman Republic 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4607: 4604: 4602:in the 1880s. 4568: 4565: 4514: 4511: 4355:Chinese Muslim 4205: 4202: 4194: 4191: 4118:13th Amendment 4057:acquired from 3938: 3935: 3908:Port-au-Prince 3828:Following the 3800:Saint-Domingue 3768: 3765: 3693: 3690: 3640:Dutch Suriname 3579: 3576: 3534: 3531: 3492:slave triangle 3401:Diagrams of a 3400: 3399: 3390: 3389: 3388: 3379: 3378: 3377: 3376: 3375: 3361:, such as the 3323:, such as the 3279: 3276: 3260:Ashanti Empire 3250:, such as the 3195:Middle Passage 3175:chattel slaves 3147:Eduard Rüppell 3056:Zanj Rebellion 2959:Middle eastern 2953:to be sold to 2941:, slaves from 2858: 2855: 2801:Main article: 2798: 2795: 2783:ancient Athens 2770: 2767: 2697: 2694: 2692: 2689: 2642: 2641:Identification 2639: 2635:Siddharth Kara 2540: 2537: 2535: 2532: 2457: 2454: 2440:Child marriage 2431: 2428: 2398:Main article: 2395: 2392: 2377:modern slavery 2350:Main article: 2347: 2344: 2323: 2320: 2300:Money marriage 2289:Money marriage 2281:Main article: 2278: 2275: 2271:did so in 1981 2181:Medieval Egypt 2125: 2122: 2095: 2092: 2040:Medieval Latin 1954:Middle English 1941: 1938: 1934:child soldiers 1914:private sector 1788: 1787: 1785: 1784: 1777: 1770: 1762: 1759: 1758: 1755: 1754: 1749: 1748: 1747: 1742: 1737: 1732: 1731: 1730: 1720: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1700: 1690: 1685: 1680: 1675: 1674: 1673: 1668: 1658: 1653: 1648: 1647: 1646: 1641: 1634:List of slaves 1631: 1630: 1629: 1624: 1619: 1609: 1604: 1599: 1593: 1590: 1589: 1586: 1585: 1582: 1581: 1569: 1564: 1559: 1554: 1549: 1544: 1539: 1538: 1537: 1527: 1522: 1517: 1516: 1515: 1505: 1500: 1499: 1498: 1493: 1483: 1482: 1481: 1476: 1466: 1461: 1456: 1455: 1454: 1449: 1444: 1439: 1434: 1429: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1398: 1393: 1392: 1389: 1388: 1385: 1384: 1379: 1374: 1369: 1368: 1367: 1362: 1352: 1346: 1341: 1340: 1337: 1336: 1333: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1317: 1312: 1307: 1302: 1297: 1292: 1287: 1282: 1277: 1272: 1267: 1262: 1257: 1252: 1247: 1242: 1237: 1231: 1230: 1226: 1225: 1220: 1215: 1210: 1205: 1200: 1195: 1190: 1185: 1180: 1178:Dutch Republic 1175: 1170: 1169: 1168: 1163: 1155: 1149: 1148: 1144: 1143: 1138: 1133: 1128: 1123: 1122: 1121: 1110: 1109: 1103: 1102: 1097: 1096: 1095: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1070: 1069: 1068: 1058: 1057: 1056: 1046: 1041: 1040: 1039: 1034: 1024: 1023: 1022: 1017: 1012: 1002: 997: 992: 986: 985: 979: 978: 973: 966: 965: 964: 959: 949: 944: 939: 938: 937: 927: 922: 921: 920: 915: 910: 905: 895: 890: 885: 884: 883: 878: 873: 868: 863: 858: 853: 848: 843: 838: 828: 827: 826: 816: 815: 814: 803: 802: 796: 795: 790: 785: 780: 779: 778: 768: 763: 758: 753: 748: 743: 738: 733: 728: 723: 722: 721: 711: 706: 701: 695: 694: 688: 685: 684: 681: 680: 677: 676: 671: 666: 661: 656: 650: 649: 645: 644: 639: 637:Child soldiers 634: 629: 624: 619: 614: 613: 612: 602: 597: 592: 587: 586: 585: 580: 575: 564: 563: 559: 558: 553: 548: 546:Spanish Empire 543: 538: 533: 528: 526:Middle Passage 523: 518: 513: 508: 502: 501: 495: 494: 489: 484: 479: 474: 469: 464: 463: 462: 457: 452: 447: 442: 433: 428: 423: 418: 413: 408: 403: 398: 388: 387: 386: 381: 376: 371: 366: 356: 355: 354: 347:Ottoman Empire 344: 339: 334: 329: 324: 319: 314: 308: 302: 301: 295: 294: 293: 292: 282: 277: 272: 271: 270: 265: 260: 250: 245: 240: 235: 230: 224: 223: 217: 216: 211: 206: 201: 195: 194: 188: 183: 182: 179: 178: 175: 174: 169: 167:Sexual slavery 164: 159: 154: 149: 144: 139: 134: 133: 132: 127: 125:Child marriage 122: 112: 107: 102: 100:Child soldiers 97: 91: 86: 85: 82: 81: 73: 72: 62: 61: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 35642: 35631: 35628: 35626: 35623: 35621: 35618: 35616: 35613: 35611: 35608: 35606: 35603: 35602: 35600: 35571: 35568: 35566: 35563: 35561: 35558: 35556: 35553: 35551: 35547: 35546:Structuralism 35544: 35542: 35539: 35537: 35534: 35532: 35529: 35527: 35524: 35522: 35519: 35517: 35513: 35512:Scholasticism 35510: 35508: 35505: 35503: 35500: 35498: 35494: 35491: 35489: 35486: 35484: 35481: 35479: 35476: 35474: 35471: 35469: 35466: 35464: 35460: 35457: 35455: 35454:Phenomenology 35452: 35450: 35447: 35445: 35442: 35440: 35437: 35435: 35432: 35430: 35427: 35425: 35422: 35420: 35417: 35415: 35414:Postmodernism 35411: 35408: 35406: 35403: 35401: 35398: 35396: 35393: 35391: 35388: 35386: 35383: 35381: 35377: 35374: 35372: 35369: 35367: 35366:Individualism 35364: 35362: 35361:ʿIlm al-Kalām 35359: 35357: 35354: 35352: 35349: 35347: 35343: 35340: 35338: 35335: 35333: 35329: 35326: 35324: 35321: 35319: 35316: 35314: 35311: 35309: 35306: 35304: 35301: 35299: 35296: 35294: 35291: 35289: 35286: 35284: 35281: 35279: 35276: 35274: 35271: 35269: 35266: 35264: 35261: 35259: 35256: 35254: 35251: 35249: 35245: 35242: 35240: 35237: 35235: 35232: 35230: 35227: 35225: 35222: 35220: 35217: 35215: 35212: 35210: 35207: 35206: 35204: 35202: 35196: 35190: 35187: 35185: 35182: 35180: 35177: 35175: 35172: 35170: 35167: 35165: 35162: 35160: 35157: 35155: 35152: 35150: 35146: 35142: 35138: 35135: 35133: 35130: 35128: 35125: 35123: 35120: 35118: 35115: 35113: 35110: 35108: 35105: 35103: 35100: 35098: 35095: 35093: 35090: 35086: 35083: 35082: 35081: 35078: 35076: 35073: 35071: 35068: 35066: 35063: 35061: 35058: 35056: 35053: 35052: 35050: 35048: 35044: 35038: 35035: 35033: 35030: 35028: 35025: 35023: 35020: 35018: 35015: 35013: 35012:Republicanism 35010: 35008: 35005: 35003: 35000: 34998: 34997:Progressivism 34995: 34993: 34990: 34988: 34985: 34983: 34980: 34978: 34975: 34973: 34970: 34968: 34965: 34963: 34960: 34958: 34955: 34953: 34950: 34948: 34945: 34943: 34942:Individualism 34940: 34938: 34935: 34933: 34930: 34928: 34925: 34923: 34920: 34918: 34915: 34913: 34910: 34908: 34905: 34903: 34900: 34898: 34895: 34893: 34890: 34888: 34885: 34883: 34880: 34878: 34875: 34873: 34870: 34868: 34865: 34863: 34860: 34858: 34855: 34853: 34850: 34848: 34845: 34843: 34840: 34838: 34835: 34834: 34832: 34830: 34823: 34817: 34814: 34812: 34809: 34807: 34804: 34802: 34799: 34797: 34794: 34793: 34791: 34789: 34785: 34781: 34774: 34770: 34756: 34753: 34751: 34748: 34746: 34742: 34739: 34737: 34734: 34732: 34729: 34727: 34724: 34722: 34719: 34717: 34714: 34712: 34709: 34707: 34704: 34702: 34699: 34697: 34694: 34692: 34691:Social stigma 34689: 34687: 34684: 34680: 34677: 34676: 34675: 34672: 34670: 34667: 34665: 34662: 34660: 34657: 34655: 34652: 34650: 34647: 34645: 34642: 34640: 34637: 34635: 34632: 34630: 34627: 34625: 34622: 34618: 34615: 34614: 34613: 34610: 34608: 34605: 34603: 34600: 34598: 34595: 34593: 34590: 34586: 34583: 34582: 34581: 34578: 34574: 34571: 34569: 34568:jurisprudence 34566: 34565: 34564: 34561: 34559: 34556: 34554: 34551: 34549: 34546: 34544: 34541: 34539: 34536: 34534: 34531: 34529: 34525: 34522: 34520: 34517: 34513: 34510: 34509: 34508: 34505: 34503: 34502:Family values 34500: 34498: 34495: 34493: 34490: 34488: 34485: 34483: 34482:Entertainment 34480: 34476: 34473: 34472: 34471: 34468: 34466: 34463: 34459: 34456: 34454: 34451: 34450: 34449: 34446: 34444: 34441: 34439: 34436: 34434: 34431: 34429: 34426: 34424: 34421: 34419: 34416: 34414: 34411: 34409: 34406: 34404: 34401: 34399: 34396: 34394: 34391: 34389: 34386: 34384: 34380: 34377: 34375: 34372: 34370: 34367: 34366: 34364: 34362: 34358: 34352: 34351:Unobservables 34349: 34347: 34344: 34342: 34339: 34337: 34334: 34332: 34329: 34327: 34324: 34322: 34319: 34317: 34314: 34312: 34309: 34305: 34302: 34301: 34300: 34297: 34293: 34290: 34289: 34288: 34285: 34281: 34278: 34277: 34276: 34273: 34271: 34268: 34264: 34263:philosophical 34261: 34260: 34259: 34256: 34254: 34251: 34247: 34244: 34243: 34242: 34239: 34237: 34234: 34232: 34229: 34227: 34224: 34222: 34219: 34217: 34214: 34212: 34209: 34207: 34204: 34202: 34199: 34197: 34194: 34192: 34189: 34187: 34184: 34182: 34179: 34177: 34173: 34170: 34168: 34165: 34163: 34160: 34158: 34154: 34151: 34149: 34146: 34144: 34141: 34137: 34134: 34133: 34132: 34129: 34127: 34126:Creation myth 34124: 34120: 34117: 34116: 34115: 34112: 34110: 34107: 34103: 34100: 34099: 34098: 34097:Consciousness 34095: 34093: 34090: 34088: 34085: 34083: 34080: 34078: 34075: 34073: 34070: 34069: 34067: 34065: 34061: 34055: 34052: 34048: 34045: 34043: 34040: 34039: 34038: 34035: 34031: 34028: 34027: 34026: 34023: 34021: 34018: 34016: 34013: 34009: 34006: 34004: 34001: 34000: 33999: 33996: 33994: 33991: 33989: 33986: 33984: 33981: 33979: 33976: 33974: 33971: 33969: 33966: 33964: 33961: 33959: 33956: 33954: 33951: 33947: 33944: 33943: 33942: 33939: 33937: 33934: 33930: 33927: 33925: 33922: 33921: 33920: 33917: 33913: 33910: 33909: 33908: 33905: 33903: 33900: 33896: 33893: 33892: 33891: 33888: 33887: 33885: 33883: 33879: 33873: 33870: 33868: 33865: 33863: 33860: 33858: 33855: 33853: 33850: 33848: 33845: 33843: 33840: 33838: 33835: 33833: 33830: 33828: 33825: 33821: 33818: 33817: 33816: 33813: 33811: 33808: 33806: 33803: 33801: 33798: 33796: 33795:Social action 33793: 33791: 33788: 33786: 33783: 33781: 33778: 33776: 33773: 33771: 33768: 33766: 33765:Peer pressure 33763: 33761: 33758: 33756: 33753: 33751: 33748: 33746: 33743: 33741: 33738: 33736: 33732: 33729: 33727: 33724: 33722: 33719: 33717: 33714: 33712: 33709: 33707: 33704: 33702: 33699: 33697: 33696:Herd behavior 33694: 33692: 33689: 33687: 33684: 33682: 33681:Group emotion 33679: 33677: 33674: 33672: 33669: 33667: 33664: 33662: 33659: 33657: 33654: 33652: 33649: 33647: 33644: 33642: 33639: 33637: 33634: 33632: 33629: 33627: 33624: 33622: 33619: 33617: 33614: 33612: 33609: 33607: 33604: 33602: 33599: 33597: 33594: 33590: 33587: 33586: 33585: 33582: 33580: 33577: 33575: 33572: 33570: 33567: 33566: 33564: 33562: 33558: 33552: 33549: 33547: 33544: 33542: 33539: 33537: 33533: 33532:Social status 33529: 33526: 33524: 33521: 33517: 33514: 33513: 33512: 33509: 33507: 33504: 33502: 33499: 33497: 33494: 33492: 33489: 33487: 33484: 33482: 33479: 33477: 33474: 33472: 33469: 33465: 33462: 33461: 33460: 33457: 33453: 33450: 33449: 33448: 33445: 33443: 33440: 33438: 33435: 33433: 33429: 33426: 33424: 33421: 33419: 33415: 33411: 33408: 33406: 33403: 33401: 33398: 33396: 33393: 33391: 33388: 33386: 33383: 33381: 33378: 33374: 33371: 33369: 33366: 33365: 33364: 33361: 33360: 33358: 33356: 33352: 33346: 33345:Woozle effect 33343: 33341: 33340:Systemic bias 33338: 33336: 33333: 33331: 33328: 33326: 33323: 33321: 33318: 33316: 33313: 33311: 33310:Social change 33308: 33306: 33303: 33301: 33298: 33296: 33293: 33291: 33288: 33286: 33283: 33279: 33276: 33275: 33274: 33271: 33269: 33266: 33264: 33261: 33259: 33256: 33254: 33251: 33249: 33246: 33244: 33241: 33239: 33236: 33234: 33231: 33229: 33226: 33224: 33221: 33219: 33216: 33214: 33211: 33209: 33206: 33204: 33201: 33197: 33194: 33193: 33192: 33189: 33187: 33186:Fearmongering 33184: 33182: 33179: 33177: 33174: 33170: 33167: 33165: 33162: 33161: 33160: 33157: 33155: 33152: 33150: 33149:Deprogramming 33147: 33145: 33142: 33140: 33137: 33135: 33132: 33130: 33127: 33125: 33122: 33120: 33117: 33115: 33112: 33110: 33107: 33105: 33102: 33100: 33097: 33095: 33092: 33090: 33087: 33086: 33084: 33078: 33070: 33067: 33066: 33065: 33062: 33060: 33057: 33053: 33050: 33048: 33045: 33043: 33040: 33039: 33038: 33035: 33033: 33030: 33028: 33025: 33023: 33020: 33018: 33015: 33013: 33010: 33008: 33005: 33003: 33000: 32998: 32995: 32993: 32990: 32988: 32987:Filter bubble 32985: 32983: 32982:Ethnocentrism 32980: 32978: 32975: 32973: 32970: 32968: 32965: 32963: 32960: 32958: 32955: 32951: 32948: 32947: 32946: 32943: 32941: 32938: 32936: 32933: 32931: 32928: 32926: 32923: 32922: 32920: 32918: 32914: 32910: 32903: 32899: 32889: 32886: 32884: 32881: 32879: 32876: 32874: 32871: 32869: 32866: 32864: 32861: 32859: 32856: 32854: 32851: 32849: 32846: 32844: 32841: 32839: 32838:Point of view 32836: 32834: 32831: 32829: 32826: 32824: 32821: 32819: 32816: 32814: 32813:Metanarrative 32811: 32809: 32806: 32804: 32800: 32797: 32795: 32792: 32790: 32787: 32785: 32782: 32780: 32777: 32775: 32771: 32768: 32766: 32762: 32758: 32755: 32753: 32750: 32748: 32745: 32743: 32740: 32738: 32735: 32733: 32730: 32728: 32724: 32721: 32719: 32715: 32714:Basic beliefs 32712: 32711: 32708: 32704:Related terms 32701: 32697: 32693: 32686: 32681: 32679: 32674: 32672: 32667: 32666: 32663: 32650: 32641: 32638: 32629: 32628: 32625: 32618: 32617:United States 32614: 32609: 32605: 32602: 32598: 32595: 32591: 32588: 32584: 32583: 32579: 32576: 32572: 32569: 32565: 32560: 32556: 32555: 32553: 32549: 32546: 32542: 32539: 32535: 32532: 32528: 32525: 32521: 32518: 32514: 32511: 32507: 32504: 32500: 32497: 32493: 32490: 32486: 32483: 32479: 32476: 32472: 32469: 32465: 32462: 32458: 32455: 32451: 32448: 32444: 32443: 32441: 32439: 32435: 32428: 32424: 32421: 32417: 32414: 32410: 32409: 32407: 32403: 32396: 32392: 32389: 32385: 32384: 32382: 32378: 32371: 32367: 32364: 32360: 32357: 32353: 32350: 32346: 32343: 32339: 32336: 32335: 32330: 32327: 32323: 32320: 32316: 32313: 32309: 32306: 32302: 32299: 32295: 32292: 32288: 32285: 32281: 32278: 32274: 32271: 32267: 32264: 32260: 32257: 32253: 32250: 32246: 32242: 32238: 32237: 32235: 32233:Organizations 32231: 32222: 32221:United States 32218: 32217: 32215: 32211: 32208: 32204: 32201: 32197: 32194: 32190: 32187: 32183: 32180: 32176: 32173: 32169: 32164: 32163:United States 32160: 32159: 32157: 32153: 32148: 32147:United States 32144: 32143: 32141: 32137: 32134: 32130: 32125: 32124:United States 32121: 32120: 32118: 32114: 32111: 32107: 32104: 32100: 32097: 32096:Mobile phones 32093: 32090: 32086: 32083: 32079: 32076: 32072: 32069: 32065: 32062: 32058: 32053: 32052:United States 32049: 32048: 32046: 32042: 32041: 32039: 32037:Social issues 32035: 32028: 32024: 32021: 32017: 32014: 32010: 32005: 32001: 31998: 31994: 31993: 31991: 31987: 31982: 31981:United States 31978: 31977: 31975: 31971: 31968: 31964: 31961: 31957: 31956: 31954: 31950: 31939: 31935: 31930: 31926: 31925: 31923: 31919: 31918: 31916: 31914: 31910: 31903: 31899: 31896: 31895:Trusty system 31892: 31889: 31885: 31882: 31878: 31875: 31871: 31868: 31864: 31861: 31857: 31854: 31850: 31847: 31843: 31840: 31836: 31835: 31833: 31829: 31822: 31818: 31815: 31811: 31808: 31804: 31801: 31797: 31794: 31790: 31787: 31783: 31782: 31780: 31776: 31769: 31765: 31762: 31758: 31755: 31751: 31748: 31744: 31741: 31737: 31734: 31730: 31725: 31721: 31718: 31714: 31713: 31711: 31707: 31704: 31700: 31697: 31693: 31690: 31686: 31683: 31679: 31676: 31672: 31669: 31665: 31662: 31658: 31657: 31655: 31651: 31648: 31646: 31642: 31635: 31631: 31628: 31624: 31621: 31617: 31614: 31610: 31607: 31603: 31600: 31596: 31593: 31589: 31586: 31582: 31581: 31579: 31577: 31573: 31566: 31562: 31559: 31555: 31552: 31548: 31545: 31541: 31538: 31534: 31533: 31531: 31527: 31523: 31522:Incarceration 31516: 31511: 31509: 31504: 31502: 31497: 31496: 31493: 31481: 31473: 31471: 31463: 31462: 31459: 31447: 31444: 31443: 31442: 31439: 31437: 31434: 31432: 31429: 31427: 31424: 31422: 31419: 31417: 31414: 31412: 31409: 31407: 31404: 31400: 31397: 31395: 31392: 31390: 31387: 31385: 31382: 31380: 31377: 31376: 31375: 31372: 31370: 31367: 31365: 31362: 31360: 31357: 31356: 31354: 31348: 31342: 31339: 31335: 31332: 31331: 31330: 31327: 31326: 31324: 31318: 31310: 31307: 31305: 31302: 31300: 31297: 31296: 31294: 31290: 31287: 31285: 31282: 31281: 31279: 31278: 31276: 31272: 31264: 31261: 31260: 31259:Sierra Leone 31258: 31254: 31251: 31249: 31246: 31245: 31243: 31239: 31236: 31235: 31233: 31229: 31226: 31224: 31221: 31220: 31218: 31217: 31215: 31213: 31209: 31206: 31202:Afro-American 31198: 31188: 31185: 31184: 31182: 31178: 31170: 31167: 31166: 31165: 31162: 31160: 31157: 31155: 31152: 31150: 31147: 31143: 31140: 31138: 31135: 31134: 31133: 31130: 31124: 31121: 31120: 31119: 31116: 31115: 31113: 31111: 31108: 31104: 31101: 31099: 31096: 31095: 31094: 31091: 31089: 31086: 31085: 31083: 31078: 31074: 31068: 31065: 31063: 31060: 31056: 31053: 31052: 31051: 31048: 31046: 31043: 31041: 31038: 31036: 31033: 31031: 31028: 31026: 31023: 31019: 31016: 31014: 31011: 31010: 31009: 31006: 31004: 31001: 30999: 30996: 30995: 30993: 30991: 30987: 30979: 30976: 30974: 30971: 30969: 30966: 30964: 30961: 30959: 30956: 30955: 30954: 30951: 30949: 30946: 30944: 30941: 30939: 30936: 30934: 30931: 30929: 30926: 30924: 30921: 30919: 30916: 30914: 30911: 30909: 30906: 30904: 30901: 30899: 30896: 30894: 30891: 30887: 30884: 30883: 30882: 30879: 30877: 30874: 30870: 30867: 30866: 30865: 30862: 30860: 30857: 30855: 30852: 30850: 30847: 30845: 30842: 30840: 30837: 30836: 30834: 30831: 30826: 30822: 30812: 30809: 30807: 30804: 30800: 30797: 30795: 30792: 30790: 30787: 30785: 30782: 30780: 30777: 30776: 30775: 30772: 30770: 30767: 30765: 30762: 30760: 30757: 30753: 30750: 30748: 30745: 30743: 30740: 30739: 30738: 30737:French Guiana 30735: 30733: 30730: 30726: 30723: 30722: 30721: 30718: 30716: 30713: 30709: 30706: 30704: 30701: 30699: 30696: 30695: 30694: 30691: 30689: 30686: 30684: 30681: 30680: 30678: 30672: 30664: 30661: 30659: 30656: 30654: 30653:Somali Bantus 30651: 30649: 30646: 30644: 30641: 30639: 30636: 30634: 30631: 30629: 30626: 30624: 30621: 30619: 30616: 30614: 30611: 30609: 30606: 30602: 30599: 30597: 30594: 30590: 30587: 30585: 30582: 30580: 30577: 30575: 30572: 30570: 30567: 30566: 30565: 30561: 30560:Black Indians 30558: 30556: 30553: 30551: 30548: 30546: 30543: 30541: 30538: 30536: 30533: 30531: 30530:Affrilachians 30528: 30527: 30526: 30523: 30522: 30520: 30516: 30513: 30512: 30511: 30508: 30504: 30501: 30499: 30496: 30494: 30491: 30489: 30488:New Brunswick 30486: 30484: 30481: 30479: 30476: 30474: 30471: 30470: 30469: 30466: 30465: 30463: 30457: 30449: 30446: 30445: 30444: 30441: 30439: 30436: 30432: 30431:Miskito Sambu 30429: 30428: 30427: 30424: 30422: 30419: 30417: 30414: 30412: 30409: 30407: 30404: 30400: 30397: 30396: 30395: 30392: 30391: 30389: 30383: 30377: 30374: 30370: 30367: 30365: 30364:Dougla people 30362: 30361: 30360: 30357: 30353: 30350: 30349: 30348: 30345: 30343: 30340: 30338: 30335: 30333: 30330: 30326: 30323: 30321: 30318: 30316: 30313: 30312: 30311: 30308: 30304: 30301: 30299: 30296: 30295: 30294: 30291: 30289: 30286: 30282: 30279: 30277: 30274: 30273: 30272: 30269: 30267: 30264: 30262: 30259: 30255: 30254:Ganga-Longoba 30252: 30250: 30247: 30245: 30242: 30241: 30240: 30237: 30235: 30232: 30230: 30227: 30225: 30222: 30220: 30217: 30215: 30212: 30210: 30207: 30205: 30202: 30201: 30199: 30197: 30193: 30190: 30188: 30187:Latin America 30183: 30179: 30176: 30172: 30168: 30161: 30156: 30154: 30149: 30147: 30142: 30141: 30138: 30126: 30118: 30117: 30114: 30100: 30097: 30095: 30092: 30090: 30087: 30085: 30082: 30080: 30077: 30075: 30072: 30070: 30067: 30065: 30062: 30061: 30059: 30055: 30049: 30048:United States 30046: 30044: 30041: 30039: 30036: 30034: 30031: 30029: 30026: 30024: 30021: 30019: 30016: 30014: 30011: 30009: 30006: 30004: 30001: 29999: 29996: 29994: 29991: 29989: 29986: 29984: 29981: 29979: 29976: 29974: 29971: 29969: 29966: 29964: 29961: 29959: 29956: 29955: 29953: 29949:Other regions 29947: 29937: 29934: 29932: 29929: 29927: 29924: 29923: 29921: 29919: 29915: 29909: 29906: 29904: 29901: 29899: 29896: 29894: 29891: 29890: 29888: 29886: 29882: 29874: 29871: 29869: 29866: 29865: 29864: 29861: 29857: 29854: 29852: 29849: 29847: 29844: 29843: 29842: 29839: 29835: 29832: 29830: 29827: 29825: 29822: 29821: 29820: 29817: 29816: 29814: 29812: 29808: 29802: 29799: 29797: 29794: 29792: 29789: 29787: 29784: 29783: 29780: 29777: 29775: 29774:United States 29771: 29767: 29758: 29754: 29736: 29733: 29731: 29727: 29724: 29722: 29719: 29717: 29714: 29712: 29708: 29705: 29703: 29699: 29696: 29694: 29691: 29689: 29686: 29684: 29681: 29680: 29678: 29676: 29672: 29666: 29663: 29661: 29658: 29656: 29653: 29651: 29648: 29646: 29643: 29641: 29638: 29637: 29635: 29633: 29629: 29623: 29620: 29618: 29615: 29613: 29610: 29606: 29603: 29602: 29601: 29598: 29597: 29595: 29593: 29589: 29583: 29580: 29579: 29577: 29575: 29571: 29565: 29564: 29560: 29557: 29556: 29551: 29549: 29546: 29544: 29541: 29539: 29536: 29532: 29529: 29527: 29524: 29523: 29522: 29519: 29517: 29514: 29512: 29509: 29507: 29504: 29502: 29499: 29498: 29496: 29494: 29490: 29484: 29480: 29477: 29475: 29472: 29470: 29467: 29465: 29462: 29460: 29457: 29455: 29452: 29450: 29447: 29445: 29442: 29440: 29437: 29435: 29432: 29430: 29427: 29425: 29422: 29420: 29417: 29416: 29414: 29412: 29408: 29402: 29399: 29397: 29394: 29392: 29389: 29385: 29382: 29381: 29380: 29377: 29376: 29374: 29372: 29368: 29362: 29359: 29355: 29352: 29348: 29345: 29344: 29343: 29340: 29339: 29338: 29335: 29331: 29328: 29326: 29323: 29322: 29320: 29316: 29313: 29312: 29311: 29308: 29306: 29303: 29301: 29298: 29294: 29291: 29290: 29289: 29286: 29285: 29283: 29281: 29277: 29274: 29270: 29264: 29261: 29259: 29256: 29254: 29251: 29249: 29246: 29244: 29241: 29239: 29236: 29235: 29233: 29230: 29225: 29219: 29216: 29214: 29213:Socioeconomic 29211: 29209: 29206: 29204: 29201: 29199: 29196: 29192: 29189: 29188: 29187: 29184: 29180: 29177: 29175: 29172: 29170: 29167: 29165: 29162: 29161: 29160: 29157: 29153: 29150: 29148: 29145: 29144: 29143: 29140: 29138: 29135: 29134: 29132: 29128: 29124: 29115: 29111: 29101: 29100: 29096: 29094: 29091: 29089: 29088:Social stigma 29086: 29084: 29081: 29079: 29078:Social orphan 29076: 29074: 29071: 29069: 29066: 29064: 29061: 29059: 29056: 29054: 29051: 29049: 29046: 29044: 29043: 29038: 29037: 29036:Nouveau riche 29033: 29031: 29028: 29026: 29023: 29021: 29018: 29016: 29013: 29011: 29010:Class traitor 29008: 29006: 29005:Class society 29003: 29001: 28998: 28996: 28993: 28991: 28988: 28986: 28983: 28982: 28980: 28974: 28968: 28965: 28963: 28960: 28958: 28955: 28953: 28950: 28948: 28945: 28943: 28942:Gilbert model 28940: 28938: 28935: 28934: 28932: 28928: 28924: 28918: 28917: 28913: 28911: 28910: 28906: 28904: 28903: 28899: 28898: 28895: 28888: 28885: 28884: 28878: 28873: 28871: 28866: 28864: 28859: 28858: 28855: 28843: 28840: 28838: 28835: 28833: 28830: 28828: 28825: 28823: 28820: 28818: 28815: 28813: 28810: 28808: 28805: 28804: 28795: 28794: 28791: 28785: 28782: 28780: 28777: 28775: 28772: 28770: 28767: 28765: 28762: 28760: 28757: 28755: 28752: 28750: 28747: 28745: 28742: 28740: 28739:Make-work job 28737: 28735: 28732: 28730: 28727: 28725: 28722: 28720: 28717: 28715: 28712: 28710: 28707: 28705: 28702: 28700: 28697: 28696: 28694: 28690: 28686: 28685: 28679: 28676: 28674: 28671: 28669: 28666: 28664: 28661: 28659: 28658:Right to work 28656: 28654: 28651: 28649: 28646: 28644: 28643:Job guarantee 28641: 28639: 28636: 28634: 28631: 28629: 28628:Make-work job 28626: 28624: 28621: 28619: 28616: 28615: 28613: 28609: 28603: 28600: 28598: 28595: 28591: 28588: 28586: 28583: 28582: 28581: 28578: 28576: 28573: 28571: 28568: 28566: 28563: 28561: 28558: 28556: 28553: 28551: 28548: 28546: 28543: 28539: 28536: 28534: 28531: 28529: 28526: 28524: 28521: 28520: 28519: 28516: 28514: 28511: 28509: 28506: 28504: 28501: 28499: 28496: 28494: 28491: 28489: 28486: 28482: 28479: 28477: 28474: 28473: 28472: 28469: 28467: 28464: 28462: 28459: 28458: 28456: 28454: 28450: 28444: 28441: 28437: 28434: 28432: 28429: 28428: 28427: 28424: 28420: 28417: 28415: 28412: 28410: 28407: 28406: 28405: 28402: 28400: 28399:Restructuring 28397: 28393: 28390: 28389: 28388: 28385: 28383: 28380: 28378: 28377:Notice period 28375: 28373: 28370: 28368: 28365: 28363: 28360: 28356: 28353: 28351: 28348: 28346: 28343: 28342: 28341: 28338: 28336: 28333: 28332: 28330: 28328: 28324: 28318: 28315: 28311: 28308: 28306: 28303: 28302: 28301: 28298: 28296: 28293: 28289: 28286: 28284: 28283:Unfree labour 28281: 28279: 28276: 28274: 28271: 28269: 28266: 28264: 28261: 28259: 28256: 28254: 28253:Bonded labour 28251: 28250: 28249: 28246: 28244: 28241: 28239: 28236: 28234: 28231: 28229: 28226: 28224: 28221: 28219: 28216: 28214: 28211: 28209: 28206: 28204: 28201: 28199: 28196: 28195: 28193: 28189: 28183: 28180: 28178: 28175: 28173: 28170: 28168: 28167:Whistleblower 28165: 28163: 28160: 28158: 28155: 28153: 28150: 28148: 28145: 28143: 28140: 28138: 28135: 28133: 28130: 28128: 28125: 28123: 28120: 28118: 28115: 28111: 28108: 28106: 28103: 28101: 28100:Control fraud 28098: 28096: 28093: 28092: 28091: 28088: 28087: 28085: 28081: 28075: 28074:Glass ceiling 28072: 28070: 28067: 28065: 28062: 28060: 28057: 28056: 28054: 28052: 28048: 28042: 28039: 28037: 28034: 28032: 28029: 28027: 28024: 28022: 28019: 28015: 28012: 28011: 28010: 28009:Work accident 28007: 28005: 28002: 27998: 27997:United States 27995: 27994: 27993: 27990: 27988: 27985: 27983: 27980: 27978: 27975: 27973: 27970: 27968: 27965: 27963: 27960: 27958: 27955: 27953: 27950: 27948: 27945: 27943: 27940: 27938: 27935: 27933: 27930: 27928: 27925: 27923: 27920: 27919: 27917: 27915: 27911: 27905: 27902: 27898: 27897:United States 27895: 27894: 27893: 27890: 27888: 27885: 27883: 27880: 27878: 27875: 27873: 27870: 27868: 27865: 27863: 27860: 27858: 27855: 27853: 27852:Casual Friday 27850: 27848: 27845: 27844: 27842: 27840: 27836: 27830: 27827: 27825: 27822: 27820: 27817: 27815: 27812: 27810: 27809:Paid time off 27807: 27805: 27804:Overtime rate 27802: 27798: 27795: 27794: 27793: 27790: 27786: 27785:United States 27783: 27781: 27778: 27776: 27773: 27771: 27768: 27767: 27766: 27763: 27759: 27756: 27754: 27751: 27750: 27749: 27746: 27744: 27741: 27739: 27736: 27734: 27731: 27729: 27726: 27725: 27723: 27721: 27717: 27713: 27707: 27704: 27702: 27699: 27697: 27694: 27692: 27689: 27687: 27684: 27682: 27679: 27677: 27674: 27672: 27669: 27667: 27664: 27662: 27659: 27657: 27656:Four-day week 27654: 27652: 27649: 27648: 27646: 27644: 27640: 27634: 27631: 27629: 27626: 27624: 27621: 27619: 27616: 27614: 27611: 27609: 27606: 27604: 27601: 27599: 27596: 27594: 27591: 27589: 27586: 27584: 27581: 27580: 27578: 27574: 27568: 27565: 27563: 27560: 27556: 27553: 27551: 27548: 27547: 27546: 27543: 27541: 27540:Practice firm 27538: 27536: 27533: 27531: 27528: 27524: 27521: 27519: 27516: 27514: 27511: 27509: 27506: 27504: 27501: 27499: 27496: 27494: 27491: 27489: 27486: 27484: 27481: 27479: 27476: 27474: 27471: 27469: 27466: 27464: 27461: 27459: 27456: 27454: 27451: 27449: 27446: 27444: 27441: 27439: 27438:Employability 27436: 27434: 27431: 27429: 27426: 27425: 27424: 27421: 27419: 27416: 27414: 27411: 27409: 27406: 27404: 27401: 27399: 27396: 27394: 27391: 27387: 27384: 27383: 27382: 27379: 27377: 27374: 27373: 27371: 27369: 27365: 27361: 27355: 27352: 27350: 27347: 27345: 27342: 27340: 27339:Orange-collar 27337: 27335: 27332: 27330: 27327: 27325: 27322: 27320: 27317: 27315: 27312: 27310: 27307: 27305: 27302: 27300: 27297: 27295: 27292: 27291: 27289: 27287: 27286:Working class 27283: 27277: 27274: 27272: 27269: 27267: 27264: 27262: 27259: 27257: 27254: 27252: 27249: 27247: 27244: 27242: 27239: 27237: 27234: 27233: 27231: 27227: 27221: 27218: 27216: 27213: 27211: 27208: 27206: 27203: 27201: 27198: 27196: 27193: 27191: 27188: 27186: 27183: 27181: 27178: 27176: 27173: 27171: 27168: 27166: 27163: 27161: 27160:Job interview 27158: 27156: 27153: 27151: 27148: 27146: 27143: 27141: 27138: 27134: 27131: 27130: 27129: 27126: 27124: 27121: 27119: 27116: 27114: 27111: 27109: 27106: 27104: 27101: 27099: 27096: 27094: 27091: 27089: 27086: 27085: 27083: 27081: 27077: 27071: 27068: 27066: 27063: 27061: 27058: 27056: 27053: 27051: 27048: 27044: 27041: 27039: 27036: 27034: 27031: 27030: 27029: 27026: 27024: 27021: 27019: 27016: 27014: 27013:Part-time job 27011: 27009: 27006: 27004: 27001: 26999: 26998:Full-time job 26996: 26994: 26991: 26989: 26986: 26984: 26981: 26980: 26978: 26974: 26970: 26963: 26958: 26956: 26951: 26949: 26944: 26943: 26940: 26928: 26925: 26923: 26920: 26918: 26915: 26913: 26910: 26908: 26905: 26903: 26900: 26898: 26895: 26894: 26892: 26890: 26885: 26881: 26875: 26874:Right to work 26872: 26870: 26867: 26865: 26862: 26860: 26857: 26855: 26852: 26850: 26847: 26845: 26842: 26840: 26837: 26835: 26832: 26830: 26827: 26825: 26822: 26820: 26817: 26815: 26812: 26810: 26809:Right to food 26807: 26805: 26802: 26800: 26797: 26795: 26792: 26790: 26787: 26785: 26782: 26780: 26777: 26775: 26772: 26770: 26767: 26766: 26764: 26761: 26754: 26748: 26745: 26741: 26738: 26737: 26736: 26733: 26731: 26728: 26726: 26723: 26721: 26718: 26716: 26713: 26711: 26708: 26706: 26703: 26701: 26698: 26696: 26693: 26691: 26690:Right to life 26688: 26686: 26683: 26681: 26678: 26676: 26673: 26671: 26668: 26666: 26663: 26661: 26658: 26656: 26653: 26651: 26648: 26646: 26643: 26641: 26638: 26636: 26633: 26631: 26628: 26626: 26623: 26621: 26618: 26616: 26613: 26611: 26608: 26606: 26603: 26601: 26598: 26596: 26593: 26591: 26588: 26586: 26583: 26581: 26578: 26576: 26573: 26571: 26568: 26567: 26565: 26563: 26559: 26552: 26548: 26540: 26535: 26533: 26528: 26526: 26521: 26520: 26517: 26505: 26497: 26495: 26487: 26485: 26477: 26476: 26473: 26467: 26464: 26462: 26459: 26455: 26452: 26451: 26450: 26447: 26445: 26442: 26440: 26437: 26435: 26432: 26430: 26427: 26425: 26422: 26420: 26417: 26415: 26412: 26410: 26407: 26405: 26402: 26400: 26397: 26395: 26392: 26390: 26387: 26385: 26382: 26380: 26377: 26375: 26372: 26370: 26367: 26365: 26362: 26360: 26357: 26356: 26354: 26350: 26342: 26339: 26338: 26337: 26334: 26332: 26331:Wine industry 26329: 26327: 26324: 26322: 26319: 26317: 26314: 26312: 26309: 26307: 26304: 26300: 26297: 26295: 26292: 26291: 26290: 26287: 26283: 26280: 26279: 26278: 26275: 26273: 26270: 26266: 26263: 26261: 26258: 26257: 26256: 26253: 26249: 26246: 26242: 26239: 26238: 26237: 26234: 26230: 26227: 26225: 26222: 26221: 26220: 26217: 26213: 26210: 26208: 26205: 26204: 26203: 26200: 26199: 26198: 26195: 26193: 26190: 26189: 26187: 26183: 26175: 26172: 26170: 26167: 26165: 26162: 26161: 26160: 26159:South America 26157: 26153: 26150: 26148: 26147:United States 26145: 26143: 26140: 26139: 26138: 26137:North America 26135: 26131: 26128: 26126: 26123: 26121: 26118: 26116: 26113: 26112: 26111: 26108: 26104: 26101: 26099: 26096: 26094: 26091: 26089: 26086: 26084: 26081: 26079: 26076: 26074: 26071: 26069: 26066: 26064: 26061: 26059: 26056: 26054: 26051: 26050: 26049: 26046: 26044: 26041: 26037: 26034: 26032: 26029: 26027: 26024: 26023: 26022: 26019: 26015: 26012: 26010: 26007: 26005: 26002: 26000: 25997: 25995: 25992: 25990: 25987: 25986: 25985: 25982: 25978: 25975: 25973: 25970: 25969: 25968: 25965: 25963: 25960: 25959: 25957: 25955: 25951: 25945: 25942: 25940: 25937: 25935: 25932: 25930: 25927: 25925: 25924:Racialization 25922: 25920: 25917: 25915: 25912: 25910: 25907: 25905: 25902: 25900: 25897: 25895: 25892: 25890: 25889:Ethnic hatred 25887: 25885: 25882: 25880: 25877: 25875: 25872: 25870: 25867: 25865: 25862: 25861: 25859: 25853: 25847: 25844: 25842: 25839: 25837: 25834: 25832: 25829: 25827: 25824: 25822: 25819: 25817: 25814: 25812: 25809: 25807: 25806:Laissez-faire 25804: 25802: 25799: 25797: 25794: 25792: 25791:Institutional 25789: 25787: 25784: 25782: 25779: 25777: 25776:Environmental 25774: 25772: 25769: 25767: 25764: 25762: 25759: 25757: 25754: 25752: 25749: 25748: 25746: 25742: 25738: 25731: 25726: 25724: 25719: 25717: 25712: 25711: 25708: 25696: 25688: 25686: 25678: 25677: 25674: 25668: 25665: 25661: 25658: 25657: 25656: 25653: 25651: 25648: 25646: 25645:Social stigma 25643: 25639: 25636: 25634: 25631: 25629: 25626: 25625: 25624: 25621: 25619: 25616: 25614: 25611: 25609: 25606: 25604: 25601: 25599: 25596: 25592: 25589: 25588: 25587: 25584: 25582: 25579: 25577: 25574: 25572: 25569: 25567: 25564: 25562: 25559: 25557: 25554: 25552: 25549: 25547: 25544: 25542: 25539: 25537: 25534: 25532: 25529: 25527: 25524: 25522: 25519: 25515: 25512: 25511: 25510: 25507: 25505: 25502: 25500: 25497: 25495: 25492: 25490: 25487: 25485: 25482: 25480: 25477: 25475: 25472: 25470: 25467: 25463: 25460: 25458: 25455: 25454: 25453: 25450: 25448: 25445: 25443: 25440: 25438: 25435: 25433: 25430: 25428: 25425: 25423: 25420: 25419: 25417: 25413: 25407: 25404: 25402: 25399: 25397: 25394: 25392: 25389: 25387: 25384: 25382: 25379: 25377: 25374: 25372: 25369: 25367: 25364: 25362: 25359: 25357: 25354: 25352: 25349: 25347: 25344: 25342: 25339: 25335: 25332: 25331: 25330: 25327: 25325: 25322: 25320: 25317: 25315: 25312: 25310: 25307: 25305: 25302: 25300: 25297: 25296: 25294: 25290: 25284: 25281: 25279: 25276: 25274: 25271: 25269: 25268:State atheism 25266: 25264: 25261: 25259: 25256: 25252: 25249: 25247: 25244: 25242: 25239: 25237: 25234: 25233: 25232: 25229: 25227: 25224: 25222: 25219: 25217: 25214: 25210: 25207: 25205: 25204:Jim Crow laws 25202: 25201: 25200: 25197: 25195: 25192: 25190: 25189:One-drop rule 25187: 25185: 25183: 25179: 25177: 25174: 25172: 25169: 25167: 25164: 25162: 25159: 25157: 25154: 25152: 25149: 25147: 25144: 25142: 25139: 25137: 25134: 25132: 25129: 25125: 25122: 25120: 25117: 25116: 25115: 25112: 25110: 25107: 25105: 25104:Blood quantum 25102: 25100: 25097: 25095: 25092: 25091: 25089: 25083: 25077: 25074: 25072: 25069: 25067: 25064: 25062: 25059: 25057: 25054: 25052: 25051:Victimisation 25049: 25047: 25046:Trans bashing 25044: 25042: 25039: 25037: 25034: 25032: 25029: 25027: 25024: 25022: 25019: 25017: 25016:Religious war 25014: 25012: 25009: 25007: 25004: 25002: 24999: 24997: 24996:Racialization 24994: 24992: 24989: 24987: 24984: 24982: 24979: 24977: 24974: 24972: 24969: 24967: 24964: 24960: 24957: 24955: 24952: 24950: 24947: 24946: 24945: 24942: 24940: 24937: 24935: 24932: 24930: 24927: 24925: 24922: 24920: 24917: 24915: 24912: 24910: 24907: 24905: 24902: 24900: 24897: 24895: 24892: 24890: 24887: 24885: 24882: 24878: 24875: 24874: 24873: 24870: 24868: 24867:Glass ceiling 24865: 24861: 24858: 24857: 24856: 24853: 24851: 24848: 24846: 24843: 24841: 24838: 24836: 24833: 24831: 24828: 24826: 24823: 24821: 24818: 24816: 24813: 24811: 24810:Ethnic hatred 24808: 24806: 24803: 24801: 24798: 24796: 24793: 24791: 24788: 24786: 24783: 24781: 24778: 24776: 24773: 24771: 24768: 24766: 24763: 24761: 24758: 24756: 24753: 24751: 24748: 24746: 24745:Counter-jihad 24743: 24741: 24738: 24736: 24733: 24731: 24728: 24726: 24723: 24721: 24718: 24716: 24713: 24709: 24706: 24705: 24704: 24701: 24700: 24698: 24694: 24688: 24685: 24683: 24680: 24678: 24675: 24673: 24670: 24668: 24665: 24663: 24660: 24658: 24655: 24653: 24650: 24648: 24645: 24643: 24640: 24638: 24635: 24633: 24630: 24628: 24625: 24623: 24620: 24618: 24615: 24613: 24610: 24608: 24605: 24603: 24600: 24598: 24595: 24593: 24590: 24588: 24585: 24583: 24580: 24578: 24575: 24573: 24570: 24568: 24565: 24563: 24560: 24558: 24555: 24553: 24550: 24546: 24543: 24542: 24541: 24538: 24536: 24533: 24531: 24528: 24526: 24523: 24519: 24518:United States 24516: 24514: 24511: 24509: 24506: 24505: 24503: 24501: 24498: 24496: 24493: 24491: 24488: 24486: 24483: 24481: 24478: 24476: 24473: 24471: 24468: 24466: 24463: 24461: 24458: 24456: 24453: 24451: 24448: 24446: 24443: 24441: 24438: 24436: 24433: 24431: 24428: 24426: 24423: 24421: 24418: 24414: 24411: 24409: 24406: 24404: 24401: 24400: 24399: 24396: 24394: 24391: 24389: 24386: 24382: 24381:United States 24379: 24377: 24374: 24372: 24369: 24368: 24367: 24364: 24362: 24359: 24357: 24354: 24352: 24349: 24347: 24344: 24342: 24339: 24337: 24334: 24333: 24331: 24329: 24324: 24318: 24315: 24313: 24310: 24308: 24305: 24303: 24302:Protestantism 24300: 24298: 24295: 24291: 24288: 24287: 24286: 24283: 24277: 24274: 24272: 24269: 24267: 24264: 24262: 24259: 24257: 24254: 24253: 24252: 24249: 24248: 24247: 24244: 24240: 24237: 24235: 24232: 24231: 24230: 24227: 24225: 24222: 24218: 24215: 24213: 24212:LDS or Mormon 24210: 24208: 24205: 24203: 24200: 24198: 24195: 24194: 24193: 24190: 24188: 24185: 24183: 24180: 24178: 24175: 24173: 24170: 24169: 24167: 24165: 24161: 24155: 24152: 24150: 24147: 24143: 24140: 24138: 24137:Transmisogyny 24135: 24133: 24130: 24129: 24128: 24125: 24121: 24118: 24116: 24113: 24112: 24111: 24108: 24106: 24103: 24101: 24098: 24096: 24093: 24091: 24088: 24086: 24083: 24081: 24078: 24076: 24073: 24071: 24068: 24066: 24063: 24061: 24058: 24056: 24053: 24051: 24048: 24046: 24043: 24041: 24040:Gerontophobia 24038: 24036: 24033: 24031: 24028: 24026: 24023: 24021: 24018: 24016: 24013: 24011: 24008: 24006: 24003: 24001: 23998: 23996: 23993: 23991: 23988: 23986: 23983: 23981: 23978: 23976: 23973: 23971: 23970:Anti-intersex 23968: 23966: 23963: 23961: 23958: 23956: 23953: 23951: 23948: 23946: 23945:Anti-albinism 23943: 23941: 23938: 23936: 23933: 23931: 23928: 23927: 23925: 23921: 23915: 23912: 23910: 23907: 23905: 23902: 23900: 23897: 23895: 23892: 23890: 23887: 23883: 23880: 23878: 23875: 23874: 23873: 23870: 23868: 23865: 23863: 23860: 23858: 23855: 23853: 23850: 23848: 23845: 23843: 23840: 23838: 23835: 23833: 23830: 23828: 23825: 23823: 23820: 23818: 23815: 23814: 23812: 23808: 23802: 23799: 23797: 23794: 23792: 23789: 23787: 23786:Institutional 23784: 23783: 23781: 23777: 23773: 23766: 23761: 23759: 23754: 23752: 23747: 23746: 23743: 23731: 23728: 23726: 23723: 23721: 23718: 23716: 23713: 23711: 23708: 23706: 23703: 23701: 23698: 23696: 23693: 23691: 23688: 23686: 23683: 23682: 23679: 23674: 23673:Unfree labour 23667: 23662: 23660: 23655: 23653: 23648: 23647: 23644: 23631: 23630: 23626: 23623: 23622: 23618: 23615: 23614: 23610: 23607: 23606: 23602: 23599: 23598: 23594: 23591: 23590: 23586: 23583: 23582: 23578: 23576: 23573: 23571: 23568: 23566: 23563: 23561: 23558: 23556: 23553: 23551: 23548: 23546: 23543: 23541: 23538: 23536: 23533: 23531: 23528: 23526: 23523: 23522: 23520: 23516: 23509: 23508: 23504: 23501: 23500: 23496: 23495: 23493: 23491:Documentaries 23489: 23482: 23481: 23477: 23474: 23473: 23469: 23466: 23465: 23461: 23460: 23458: 23454: 23447: 23446: 23442: 23439: 23435: 23434: 23432: 23428: 23421: 23420: 23416: 23413: 23412: 23408: 23405: 23404: 23400: 23399: 23397: 23393: 23386: 23385: 23381: 23378: 23377: 23373: 23370: 23369: 23365: 23362: 23361: 23357: 23354: 23353: 23349: 23346: 23345: 23341: 23338: 23337: 23333: 23330: 23329: 23325: 23322: 23321: 23317: 23314: 23313: 23309: 23306: 23305: 23301: 23298: 23297: 23293: 23290: 23289: 23285: 23282: 23281: 23277: 23274: 23273: 23269: 23266: 23265: 23261: 23258: 23257: 23253: 23250: 23249: 23245: 23228: 23227: 23223: 23220: 23219: 23215: 23212: 23211: 23207: 23204: 23203: 23199: 23196: 23195: 23191: 23188: 23187: 23183: 23182: 23180: 23178: 23174: 23167: 23166: 23162: 23159: 23158: 23154: 23151: 23150: 23146: 23143: 23142: 23138: 23135: 23134: 23130: 23127: 23126: 23122: 23119: 23118: 23114: 23111: 23110: 23106: 23103: 23102: 23098: 23095: 23094: 23090: 23087: 23086: 23082: 23079: 23078: 23074: 23071: 23070: 23066: 23063: 23062: 23058: 23055: 23054: 23050: 23049: 23047: 23043: 23032: 23029: 23026: 23023: 23020: 23017: 23016: 23014: 23012:South America 23010: 23003: 23002:Zamba Zembola 23000: 22998: 22995: 22992: 22989: 22987: 22984: 22982: 22981:Bethany Veney 22979: 22977: 22974: 22972: 22969: 22966: 22962: 22959: 22956: 22954: 22953:Venture Smith 22951: 22949: 22946: 22944: 22941: 22939: 22936: 22934: 22933:James Roberts 22931: 22929: 22926: 22923: 22920: 22918: 22915: 22913: 22910: 22907: 22904: 22902: 22899: 22897: 22894: 22892: 22891:Lunsford Lane 22889: 22887: 22884: 22882: 22879: 22876: 22875:Paul Jennings 22873: 22871: 22868: 22866: 22863: 22861: 22858: 22856: 22853: 22851: 22850:Omar ibn Said 22848: 22845: 22842: 22840: 22839:Josiah Henson 22837: 22835: 22832: 22829: 22825: 22824:William Green 22822: 22820: 22817: 22815: 22812: 22810: 22807: 22804: 22800: 22799:Peter Fossett 22797: 22795: 22792: 22789: 22786: 22784: 22781: 22779: 22776: 22774: 22771: 22769: 22766: 22764: 22761: 22759: 22758:Lucinda Davis 22756: 22754: 22753:Hannah Crafts 22751: 22749: 22746: 22743: 22740: 22738: 22735: 22733: 22730: 22728: 22725: 22722: 22721:James Bradley 22719: 22717: 22716:Leonard Black 22714: 22712: 22709: 22707: 22704: 22702: 22699: 22697: 22694: 22692: 22689: 22687: 22684: 22682: 22679: 22678: 22676: 22674:United States 22670: 22663: 22662:Marcos Xiorro 22660: 22657: 22653: 22650: 22647: 22644: 22641: 22638: 22635: 22634: 22632: 22626: 22619: 22616: 22613: 22610: 22609: 22607: 22601: 22595: 22592: 22590: 22587: 22585: 22582: 22581: 22579: 22575: 22568: 22565: 22562: 22559: 22556: 22553: 22550: 22547: 22544: 22541: 22538: 22535: 22534: 22532: 22528: 22521: 22518: 22517: 22515: 22511: 22504: 22501: 22498: 22495: 22492: 22489: 22486: 22483: 22473: 22470: 22467: 22466:Thomas Pellow 22464: 22461: 22458: 22455: 22452: 22449: 22446: 22443: 22440: 22437: 22436:Petro Kilekwa 22434: 22431: 22428: 22425: 22422: 22419: 22416: 22413: 22410: 22407: 22404: 22401: 22398: 22395: 22392: 22391: 22389: 22385: 22382: 22374: 22368: 22365: 22364: 22361: 22357: 22350: 22345: 22343: 22338: 22336: 22331: 22330: 22327: 22321: 22314: 22307: 22304: 22301: 22298: 22297: 22289: 22285: 22282: 22280: 22279: 22274: 22271: 22265: 22262: 22259: 22256: 22254: 22250: 22247: 22243: 22239: 22235: 22233: 22229: 22226: 22223: 22220: 22216: 22212: 22208: 22204: 22200: 22198: 22194: 22191: 22188: 22184: 22181: 22179: 22175: 22172: 22171: 22156: 22150: 22146: 22142: 22138: 22134: 22130: 22124: 22120: 22119: 22113: 22109: 22103: 22099: 22098: 22092: 22085:September 21, 22077: 22073: 22067: 22060: 22059: 22053: 22038: 22034: 22028: 22021: 22020: 22014: 22010: 22004: 22000: 21996: 21995: 21989: 21985: 21979: 21975: 21971: 21970: 21964: 21960: 21954: 21950: 21946: 21945: 21939: 21935: 21929: 21925: 21924: 21918: 21917: 21907: 21901: 21897: 21893: 21892: 21886: 21882: 21876: 21872: 21868: 21867: 21861: 21857: 21853: 21849: 21845: 21841: 21835: 21831: 21827: 21823: 21819: 21815: 21811: 21806: 21803:. A.A. Knopf. 21802: 21801: 21795: 21791: 21785: 21781: 21777: 21776: 21770: 21766: 21762: 21756: 21752: 21748: 21747: 21741: 21737: 21731: 21727: 21723: 21722: 21717: 21713: 21709: 21708: 21703: 21699: 21695: 21689: 21685: 21681: 21680: 21674: 21670: 21664: 21660: 21656: 21651: 21649: 21648:online review 21643: 21637: 21633: 21632: 21627: 21623: 21619: 21615: 21611: 21606: 21602: 21598: 21594: 21590: 21586: 21582: 21578: 21574: 21569: 21565: 21559: 21555: 21554: 21549: 21545: 21541: 21535: 21531: 21530: 21525: 21521: 21517: 21511: 21508:. p. 3. 21507: 21503: 21502: 21496: 21492: 21486: 21482: 21481: 21475: 21471: 21465: 21462:. New Press. 21461: 21460: 21454: 21450: 21444: 21440: 21436: 21435: 21429: 21425: 21419: 21415: 21411: 21410: 21405: 21404:Beckert, Sven 21401: 21397: 21391: 21387: 21386: 21381: 21377: 21376: 21373:United States 21366: 21362: 21358: 21354: 21350: 21346: 21341: 21337: 21333: 21329: 21325: 21324: 21318: 21314: 21310: 21306: 21302: 21298: 21294: 21290: 21286: 21281: 21277: 21273: 21269: 21265: 21260: 21256: 21252: 21248: 21244: 21239: 21235: 21231: 21227: 21223: 21219: 21215: 21210: 21206: 21202: 21198: 21194: 21190: 21186: 21182: 21178: 21173: 21169: 21165: 21161: 21157: 21153: 21149: 21144: 21143: 21139: 21138: 21133: 21127: 21123: 21122: 21116: 21112: 21106: 21102: 21099: 21095: 21094: 21089: 21085: 21081: 21075: 21071: 21067: 21066: 21061: 21057: 21053: 21047: 21043: 21039: 21038: 21033: 21029: 21025: 21019: 21015: 21011: 21010: 21004: 21000: 20994: 20990: 20986: 20985: 20979: 20975: 20969: 20965: 20961: 20960: 20954: 20950: 20944: 20940: 20936: 20935: 20929: 20925: 20921: 20915: 20911: 20910: 20905: 20901: 20897: 20891: 20887: 20883: 20882: 20876: 20872: 20866: 20862: 20858: 20857: 20851: 20847: 20841: 20837: 20836: 20830: 20826: 20820: 20816: 20812: 20811: 20805: 20801: 20795: 20791: 20787: 20786: 20780: 20776: 20770: 20766: 20762: 20761: 20755: 20751: 20745: 20741: 20737: 20736: 20731: 20727: 20723: 20717: 20713: 20709: 20708: 20703: 20699: 20695: 20691: 20687: 20683: 20679: 20673: 20669: 20665: 20661: 20657: 20653: 20649: 20644: 20640: 20634: 20630: 20626: 20625: 20620: 20619:Beckert, Sven 20616: 20615: 20611: 20610: 20587: 20583: 20579: 20573: 20569: 20565: 20564: 20558: 20554: 20548: 20544: 20539: 20535: 20531: 20527: 20523: 20519: 20515: 20514: 20508: 20497: 20491: 20487: 20483: 20482: 20476: 20472: 20460: 20452: 20448: 20444: 20438: 20434: 20430: 20425: 20414: 20408: 20404: 20400: 20399: 20394: 20390: 20386: 20380: 20376: 20372: 20371: 20366: 20362: 20358: 20352: 20348: 20344: 20343: 20338: 20334: 20330: 20324: 20320: 20316: 20315: 20309: 20305: 20302:. Cambridge: 20301: 20296: 20292: 20286: 20283:. p. 5. 20282: 20278: 20277: 20271: 20267: 20261: 20257: 20253: 20249: 20245: 20240: 20236: 20230: 20226: 20222: 20221: 20215: 20211: 20207: 20202: 20198: 20194: 20190: 20186: 20181: 20177: 20171: 20167: 20163: 20162: 20157: 20153: 20142: 20138: 20134: 20130: 20126: 20122: 20118: 20114: 20107: 20102: 20091: 20085: 20081: 20077: 20076: 20070: 20066: 20060: 20056: 20052: 20047: 20043: 20037: 20034:. p. 7. 20033: 20029: 20028: 20023: 20019: 20015: 20011: 20006: 20002: 19996: 19992: 19988: 19984: 19979: 19975: 19971: 19967: 19966: 19960: 19956: 19950: 19946: 19942: 19938: 19934: 19929: 19924: 19920: 19916: 19912: 19907: 19903: 19899: 19895: 19891: 19887: 19883: 19878: 19874: 19868: 19864: 19860: 19856: 19852: 19848: 19842: 19838: 19834: 19829: 19825: 19819: 19815: 19811: 19810: 19804: 19800: 19796: 19792: 19788: 19782: 19778: 19774: 19773: 19768: 19763: 19759: 19753: 19749: 19745: 19744: 19739: 19734: 19730: 19724: 19720: 19719: 19713: 19709: 19705: 19704: 19699: 19694: 19690: 19684: 19680: 19676: 19675: 19670: 19666: 19655: 19651: 19647: 19642: 19638: 19634: 19629: 19625: 19621: 19617: 19615:1-85109-816-X 19611: 19607: 19603: 19602: 19596: 19592: 19586: 19582: 19578: 19577: 19572: 19568: 19564: 19558: 19554: 19550: 19546: 19542: 19536: 19532: 19528: 19524: 19520: 19516: 19512: 19501: 19497: 19496: 19491: 19486: 19485: 19463: 19457: 19449: 19445: 19441: 19437: 19433: 19429: 19428: 19420: 19412: 19408: 19404: 19400: 19397:(3): 370–73. 19396: 19392: 19385: 19378: 19373: 19366: 19361: 19359: 19350: 19346: 19342: 19338: 19334: 19330: 19326: 19322: 19318: 19311: 19303: 19297: 19293: 19289: 19288: 19280: 19264: 19260: 19256: 19252: 19245: 19237: 19231: 19227: 19223: 19222: 19214: 19206: 19194: 19186: 19180: 19176: 19172: 19168: 19164: 19157: 19149: 19148: 19140: 19125: 19121: 19114: 19099: 19095: 19088: 19080: 19076: 19075: 19070: 19063: 19055: 19043: 19039: 19035: 19029: 19014: 19010: 19004: 18989: 18985: 18978: 18962: 18958: 18957: 18952: 18945: 18929: 18925: 18919: 18903: 18899: 18893: 18878: 18877: 18872: 18865: 18863: 18847: 18843: 18842:H-Net Reviews 18839: 18832: 18816: 18812: 18805: 18797: 18793: 18789: 18787:0-582-58504-X 18783: 18779: 18772: 18756: 18750: 18742: 18741: 18736: 18729: 18727: 18711: 18707: 18701: 18690:September 30, 18682: 18678: 18671: 18665: 18654:September 29, 18649: 18645: 18639: 18623: 18617: 18606:September 29, 18601: 18597: 18591: 18580:September 29, 18575: 18571: 18565: 18557: 18551: 18547: 18546: 18538: 18530: 18526: 18522: 18518: 18514: 18510: 18506: 18502: 18498: 18491: 18483: 18479: 18475: 18471: 18467: 18463: 18459: 18458:The Historian 18452: 18444: 18440: 18436: 18432: 18428: 18424: 18420: 18413: 18405: 18394: 18388: 18384: 18383: 18375: 18364:September 29, 18359: 18355: 18349: 18334: 18330: 18326: 18325: 18320: 18313: 18306: 18302: 18296: 18292: 18291: 18283: 18268: 18264: 18260: 18254: 18246: 18240: 18236: 18232: 18226: 18218: 18212: 18208: 18204: 18198: 18179: 18172: 18165: 18158: 18145: 18141: 18137: 18131: 18115: 18109: 18107: 18090: 18086: 18082: 18076: 18060: 18056: 18052: 18046: 18030: 18026: 18022: 18015: 17996: 17990: 17975: 17974: 17969: 17962: 17946: 17942: 17938: 17937: 17932: 17925: 17917: 17913: 17912: 17907: 17901: 17893: 17889: 17882: 17866: 17865: 17860: 17854: 17838: 17834: 17833: 17826: 17819: 17806: 17805: 17800: 17794: 17778: 17774: 17773: 17768: 17762: 17746: 17742: 17741: 17736: 17735:"North Korea" 17730: 17722: 17710: 17694: 17690: 17689: 17682: 17666: 17662: 17658: 17652: 17636: 17632: 17630: 17625: 17619: 17603: 17602: 17597: 17591: 17575: 17571: 17567: 17561: 17545: 17541: 17535: 17520: 17516: 17509: 17494: 17490: 17484: 17468: 17464: 17458: 17442: 17438: 17432: 17424: 17420: 17413: 17405: 17404: 17399: 17395: 17389: 17381: 17377: 17373: 17369: 17363: 17355: 17349: 17341: 17340: 17332: 17324: 17320: 17314: 17298: 17294: 17290: 17283: 17268: 17264: 17257: 17242: 17238: 17232: 17217: 17216: 17211: 17204: 17189: 17188: 17183: 17176: 17160: 17156: 17149: 17134: 17130: 17123: 17107: 17100: 17084: 17080: 17076: 17069: 17061: 17060: 17055: 17049: 17041: 17029: 17025: 17019: 17015: 17014: 17009: 17008:Žižek, Slavoj 17003: 16987: 16983: 16977: 16962: 16958: 16954: 16953: 16948: 16941: 16933: 16929: 16922: 16914: 16908: 16904: 16898: 16891: 16886: 16870: 16866: 16862: 16856: 16840: 16836: 16832: 16826: 16815:September 29, 16810: 16809: 16804: 16798: 16782: 16778: 16772: 16757: 16751: 16747: 16743: 16742: 16734: 16725: 16723: 16721: 16711: 16709: 16707: 16690: 16684: 16676: 16670: 16666: 16662: 16656: 16648: 16644: 16638: 16630: 16626: 16622: 16618: 16617: 16612: 16608: 16602: 16586: 16580: 16564: 16560: 16554: 16548:, p. 53. 16547: 16542: 16527: 16520: 16512: 16505: 16497: 16490: 16475: 16471: 16465: 16457: 16451: 16447: 16443: 16439: 16435: 16428: 16421: 16417: 16413: 16407: 16399: 16395: 16391: 16387: 16383: 16379: 16375: 16368: 16360: 16359: 16354: 16353:"Wilson Bell" 16348: 16340: 16336: 16335: 16330: 16324: 16316: 16304: 16296: 16295: 16287: 16281: 16277: 16273: 16269: 16263: 16256: 16251: 16244: 16239: 16232: 16231:Dobson (2012) 16228: 16227:Barnes (2011) 16224: 16219: 16215: 16209: 16202: 16189: 16185: 16179: 16172: 16168: 16167: 16159: 16140: 16133: 16126: 16110: 16104: 16088: 16084: 16078: 16070: 16066: 16062: 16056: 16048: 16042: 16038: 16037: 16029: 16018: 16014: 16007: 16003: 15997: 15986: 15979: 15972: 15964: 15960: 15956: 15952: 15948: 15944: 15937: 15929: 15925: 15921: 15917: 15910: 15895: 15889: 15885: 15881: 15880: 15872: 15864: 15858: 15854: 15850: 15849: 15841: 15826: 15820: 15817:. p. 8. 15816: 15812: 15811: 15803: 15788: 15782: 15778: 15774: 15773: 15765: 15757: 15751: 15747: 15743: 15742: 15734: 15732: 15730: 15714: 15708: 15704: 15703: 15695: 15687: 15683: 15677: 15661: 15654: 15646: 15640: 15636: 15629: 15621: 15617: 15613: 15609: 15608: 15603: 15599: 15593: 15591: 15574: 15570: 15564: 15549: 15545: 15538: 15530: 15524: 15520: 15516: 15515: 15507: 15491: 15484: 15469: 15463: 15461: 15444: 15440: 15434: 15426: 15425:The Historian 15422: 15416: 15408: 15402: 15398: 15394: 15387: 15371: 15367: 15363: 15357: 15349: 15345: 15344: 15340: 15334: 15326: 15322: 15317: 15312: 15308: 15304: 15300: 15293: 15285: 15274: 15268: 15264: 15260: 15259: 15251: 15243: 15232: 15226: 15222: 15218: 15217: 15209: 15194: 15188: 15184: 15180: 15179: 15171: 15156: 15150: 15146: 15142: 15141: 15133: 15117: 15111: 15095: 15094:"Slave-trade" 15088: 15072: 15068: 15067:"Slave trade" 15062: 15054: 15048: 15044: 15043: 15038: 15032: 15024: 15018: 15014: 15010: 15004: 14996: 14992: 14988: 14984: 14980: 14976: 14972: 14971: 14963: 14955: 14949: 14945: 14938: 14930: 14924: 14920: 14915: 14914: 14905: 14897: 14891: 14887: 14883: 14882: 14874: 14866: 14859: 14855: 14849: 14847: 14845: 14828: 14824: 14818: 14803: 14797: 14793: 14789: 14788: 14780: 14764: 14760: 14754: 14746: 14742: 14738: 14734: 14730: 14726: 14722: 14719:(in German). 14718: 14711: 14704: 14702: 14689: 14683: 14679: 14675: 14674: 14666: 14658: 14652: 14648: 14644: 14643: 14635: 14633: 14631: 14629: 14620: 14616: 14612: 14605: 14603: 14592: 14585: 14581: 14577: 14573: 14569: 14565: 14559: 14552: 14545: 14538: 14534: 14530: 14526: 14520: 14514: 14510: 14506: 14502: 14498: 14494: 14490: 14487:, p. 5; 14486: 14482: 14477: 14469: 14465: 14459: 14452: 14448: 14444: 14440: 14436: 14432: 14428: 14424: 14420: 14416: 14409: 14399: 14391: 14385: 14381: 14374: 14359: 14353: 14349: 14345: 14344: 14336: 14328: 14322: 14318: 14311: 14296: 14290: 14286: 14282: 14281: 14273: 14258: 14252: 14248: 14244: 14243: 14235: 14227: 14223: 14216: 14208: 14204: 14200: 14196: 14189: 14182: 14178: 14174: 14169: 14161: 14157: 14153: 14147: 14143: 14142: 14134: 14126: 14120: 14116: 14112: 14105: 14098: 14093: 14086: 14081: 14075: 14071: 14064: 14062: 14054: 14049: 14043: 14039: 14032: 14025: 14013: 14007: 14003: 14002:Penguin Books 13999: 13998: 13990: 13975: 13969: 13965: 13961: 13960: 13952: 13937: 13931: 13927: 13923: 13922: 13914: 13906: 13899: 13892: 13881: 13875: 13871: 13867: 13862: 13861: 13852: 13837: 13831: 13827: 13823: 13822: 13817: 13813: 13807: 13792: 13786: 13782: 13778: 13777: 13772: 13768: 13762: 13747: 13741: 13737: 13733: 13732: 13724: 13716: 13710: 13706: 13702: 13695: 13679: 13675: 13671: 13665: 13649: 13645: 13641: 13634: 13626: 13620: 13616: 13612: 13611: 13603: 13601: 13592: 13586: 13582: 13581: 13573: 13558: 13552: 13548: 13544: 13543: 13535: 13533: 13525: 13524:Campbell 2004 13520: 13513: 13512:Campbell 2004 13508: 13506: 13504: 13488: 13482: 13478: 13474: 13473: 13465: 13458: 13446: 13440: 13436: 13432: 13431: 13423: 13416: 13415:Campbell 2004 13411: 13395: 13391: 13387: 13383: 13376: 13368: 13362: 13358: 13354: 13353: 13345: 13343: 13341: 13333: 13328: 13326: 13324: 13322: 13320: 13318: 13316: 13314: 13312: 13304: 13303:Millward 1998 13299: 13292: 13291:Millward 1998 13287: 13272: 13266: 13262: 13258: 13257: 13249: 13234: 13228: 13224: 13220: 13219: 13211: 13204: 13198: 13194: 13190: 13186: 13182: 13178: 13174: 13168: 13160: 13154: 13150: 13146: 13145: 13137: 13131:, p. 316 13130: 13126: 13122: 13117: 13109: 13105: 13101: 13097: 13093: 13087: 13079: 13073: 13069: 13065: 13064: 13056: 13048: 13042: 13038: 13034: 13033: 13025: 13017: 13011: 13007: 13003: 13002: 12994: 12985: 12976: 12969: 12964: 12962: 12960: 12948: 12942: 12934: 12930: 12926: 12922: 12918: 12914: 12910: 12906: 12899: 12883: 12879: 12875: 12869: 12861: 12855: 12851: 12847: 12846: 12838: 12823: 12819: 12812: 12801:September 29, 12797: 12796: 12791: 12787: 12781: 12773: 12769: 12763: 12747: 12743: 12737: 12729: 12725: 12721: 12715: 12706: 12700: 12696: 12695: 12690: 12684: 12676: 12670: 12666: 12662: 12661: 12653: 12645: 12639: 12635: 12634: 12626: 12618: 12611: 12609: 12600: 12596: 12590: 12586: 12582: 12581: 12573: 12565: 12561: 12560: 12555: 12548: 12540: 12534: 12530: 12526: 12525: 12517: 12510:. p. 63. 12509: 12505: 12498: 12491: 12490:Campbell 2008 12486: 12478: 12472: 12468: 12464: 12463: 12455: 12439: 12435: 12434: 12429: 12422: 12414: 12408: 12404: 12400: 12399: 12394: 12388: 12372: 12368: 12364: 12358: 12342: 12338: 12334: 12328: 12320: 12316: 12310: 12294: 12290: 12283: 12275: 12269: 12265: 12260: 12259: 12250: 12242: 12236: 12232: 12228: 12222: 12214: 12208: 12204: 12200: 12193: 12177: 12173: 12167: 12159: 12155: 12148: 12146: 12139: 12135: 12131: 12130:Toppin (2010) 12127: 12123: 12122:Conway (2008) 12119: 12115: 12114:Danver (2010) 12110: 12102: 12096: 12092: 12088: 12082: 12074: 12068: 12064: 12063: 12055: 12039: 12033: 12026: 12022: 12018: 12013: 12005: 12001: 11997: 11993: 11989: 11985: 11981: 11977: 11976: 11968: 11959: 11957:0-8189-0764-9 11953: 11949: 11942: 11934: 11930: 11924: 11915: 11913:0-87580-043-2 11909: 11905: 11901: 11894: 11886: 11882: 11876: 11868: 11864: 11858: 11842: 11838: 11837: 11832: 11826: 11818: 11807: 11801: 11797: 11793: 11786: 11778: 11774: 11770: 11766: 11762: 11758: 11754: 11753: 11745: 11730: 11726: 11720: 11712: 11706: 11702: 11698: 11697: 11689: 11681: 11677: 11673: 11667: 11659: 11653: 11649: 11645: 11644: 11636: 11628: 11622: 11618: 11617: 11609: 11593: 11589: 11585: 11581: 11575: 11560: 11559:metmuseum.org 11556: 11549: 11534: 11530: 11526: 11525: 11520: 11516: 11510: 11508: 11506: 11490: 11489: 11484: 11477: 11470:. p. 18. 11469: 11465: 11458: 11450: 11449: 11441: 11433: 11429: 11422: 11420: 11404: 11398: 11394: 11393: 11385: 11378: 11377:Campbell 2007 11373: 11357: 11353: 11347: 11331: 11327: 11321: 11310:September 30, 11305: 11301: 11300: 11295: 11289: 11274: 11270: 11264: 11256: 11252: 11248: 11244: 11237: 11229: 11222: 11207: 11203: 11199: 11198: 11193: 11186: 11184: 11167: 11163: 11157: 11149: 11145: 11139: 11135: 11131: 11130: 11122: 11115: 11111: 11105: 11101: 11100: 11092: 11084: 11078: 11074: 11073: 11065: 11049: 11045: 11039: 11031: 11027: 11020: 11013: 11008: 11000: 10994: 10990: 10986: 10985: 10977: 10958: 10951: 10945: 10929: 10925: 10924: 10919: 10913: 10905: 10899: 10895: 10891: 10890: 10882: 10876:, p. ix. 10875: 10874:Campbell 2004 10870: 10862: 10856: 10852: 10851: 10843: 10835: 10829: 10825: 10821: 10817: 10811: 10803: 10799: 10795: 10789: 10781: 10775: 10771: 10770: 10762: 10760: 10751: 10747: 10743: 10739: 10735: 10734: 10729: 10723: 10721: 10712: 10700: 10699: 10691: 10675: 10674: 10669: 10662: 10654: 10648: 10644: 10640: 10639:Belknap Press 10636: 10629: 10613: 10609: 10605: 10599: 10580: 10573: 10565: 10553: 10545: 10539: 10535: 10531: 10527: 10523: 10516: 10508: 10504: 10500: 10494: 10492: 10483: 10479: 10472: 10464: 10458: 10454: 10450: 10449: 10441: 10426: 10422: 10418: 10417: 10412: 10405: 10397: 10393: 10389: 10383: 10367: 10363: 10362: 10357: 10351: 10344: 10340: 10336: 10329: 10313: 10309: 10303: 10295: 10294:The Telegraph 10291: 10284: 10276: 10270: 10262: 10256: 10252: 10248: 10241: 10239: 10237: 10230:, p. 74. 10229: 10224: 10209: 10203: 10199: 10195: 10194: 10186: 10171: 10165: 10161: 10157: 10156: 10148: 10140: 10139: 10134: 10128: 10112: 10108: 10102: 10087: 10083: 10076: 10068: 10064: 10060: 10056: 10052: 10048: 10044: 10040: 10039: 10031: 10023: 10019: 10015: 10011: 10007: 10003: 9999: 9995: 9994: 9986: 9979: 9967: 9963: 9957: 9941: 9935: 9928: 9927:Ellerman 1992 9923: 9908: 9904: 9899: 9893: 9885: 9878: 9870: 9866: 9861: 9856: 9852: 9848: 9847: 9842: 9835: 9824:September 29, 9820: 9819: 9814: 9808: 9800: 9794: 9790: 9786: 9785: 9777: 9762: 9758: 9757:"Tax Slavery" 9751: 9744: 9738: 9734: 9730: 9726: 9720: 9709:September 29, 9704: 9697: 9681: 9675: 9664: 9657: 9651: 9640:September 20, 9635: 9631: 9627: 9620: 9609:September 29, 9601: 9594: 9588: 9580: 9576: 9570: 9554: 9550: 9543: 9535: 9531: 9527: 9521: 9505: 9501: 9495: 9487: 9483: 9477: 9470: 9466: 9462: 9455: 9447: 9440: 9432: 9426: 9423:. p. 3. 9422: 9418: 9411: 9403: 9401:0-8135-2381-8 9397: 9393: 9386: 9370: 9366: 9360: 9344: 9340: 9334: 9327: 9322: 9320: 9311: 9296: 9295: 9290: 9284: 9282: 9272: 9270: 9268: 9251: 9247: 9241: 9234: 9230: 9224: 9220: 9216: 9212: 9206: 9198: 9196:9780674986909 9192: 9188: 9181: 9173: 9171:9780521872355 9167: 9163: 9156: 9149: 9144: 9140: 9133: 9126: 9122: 9118: 9114: 9110: 9106: 9102: 9101: 9093: 9085: 9083:9780670122776 9079: 9075: 9068: 9052: 9048: 9044: 9037: 9030: 9018: 9012: 9008: 9004: 9000: 8996: 8995: 8990: 8983: 8968: 8962: 8958: 8954: 8953: 8945: 8937: 8933: 8932: 8926: 8918: 8910: 8909: 8901: 8893: 8889: 8883: 8879: 8875: 8874: 8869: 8863: 8855: 8849: 8845: 8841: 8837: 8833: 8827: 8819: 8817:3-11-006800-1 8813: 8809: 8805: 8801: 8797: 8791: 8783: 8779: 8775: 8772:(in German). 8771: 8767: 8761: 8753: 8749: 8745: 8741: 8736: 8730: 8722: 8718: 8714: 8710: 8704: 8697: 8692: 8684: 8680: 8674: 8666: 8662: 8657: 8652: 8648: 8644: 8640: 8633: 8625: 8624: 8616: 8600: 8596: 8592: 8586: 8578: 8574: 8573: 8568: 8561: 8545: 8541: 8534: 8518: 8514: 8513: 8508: 8501: 8499: 8482: 8478: 8472: 8470: 8461: 8455: 8451: 8447: 8446: 8438: 8431: 8426: 8418: 8414: 8410: 8404: 8402: 8400: 8398: 8396: 8394: 8392: 8383: 8381:9781412926942 8377: 8373: 8369: 8365: 8358: 8350: 8344: 8340: 8336: 8335: 8327: 8323: 8312: 8309: 8307: 8304: 8302: 8299: 8297: 8294: 8292: 8289: 8287: 8284: 8282: 8279: 8277: 8274: 8272: 8269: 8267: 8264: 8262: 8258: 8255: 8254: 8243: 8241: 8239: 8238:United States 8227: 8216: 8214: 8211: 8209: 8206: 8203: 8201: 8198: 8195: 8194: 8191: 8188: 8186: 8184: 8173: 8171: 8168: 8166: 8163: 8160: 8158: 8155: 8152: 8151: 8148: 8145: 8143: 8142: 8138: 8136: 8135:United States 8124: 8113: 8111: 8108: 8106: 8105:Steve McQueen 8103: 8100: 8098: 8095: 8092: 8091: 8087: 8084: 8082: 8081:United States 8071: 8069: 8066: 8064: 8061: 8058: 8056: 8053: 8050: 8049: 8045: 8042: 8040: 8039:United States 8028: 8017: 8014: 8011: 8009: 8006: 8004: 8001: 7998: 7997: 7994: 7991: 7989: 7987: 7976: 7973: 7970: 7967: 7965: 7962: 7959: 7958: 7955: 7952: 7950: 7948: 7947:United States 7937: 7935: 7932: 7930: 7927: 7924: 7922: 7919: 7916: 7915: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7896: 7894: 7891: 7889: 7886: 7883: 7878: 7875: 7872: 7871: 7867: 7865: 7854: 7851: 7848: 7845: 7843: 7840: 7837: 7836: 7832: 7829: 7827: 7826:United States 7815: 7804: 7801: 7799: 7796: 7793: 7791: 7788: 7785: 7784: 7780: 7777: 7775: 7774:United States 7763: 7752: 7749: 7747: 7746:Michael Apted 7744: 7741: 7739: 7738:Amazing Grace 7736: 7733: 7732: 7728: 7726: 7715: 7713: 7710: 7708: 7705: 7702: 7700: 7697: 7694: 7693: 7690: 7687: 7685: 7684:United States 7673: 7662: 7660: 7659:Russell Crowe 7657: 7655: 7652: 7649: 7647: 7644: 7641: 7640: 7637: 7636:Toni Morrison 7634: 7631: 7629: 7628:United States 7618: 7616: 7615:Oprah Winfrey 7613: 7611: 7608: 7605: 7603: 7600: 7597: 7596: 7592: 7589: 7587: 7586:United States 7576: 7574: 7571: 7569: 7566: 7563: 7561: 7558: 7555: 7554: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7545: 7541: 7539: 7538:United States 7528: 7526: 7523: 7521: 7518: 7515: 7510: 7507: 7504: 7503: 7500: 7499:Bruce Chatwin 7497: 7495: 7494: 7490: 7488: 7477: 7475: 7472: 7470: 7469:Werner Herzog 7467: 7464: 7462: 7459: 7456: 7455: 7452: 7449: 7447: 7446: 7442: 7440: 7439:United States 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421:, Greene and 7420: 7416: 7413: 7410: 7405: 7402: 7399: 7398: 7395: 7392: 7390: 7389: 7385: 7383: 7372: 7369: 7367: 7364: 7361: 7356: 7353: 7350: 7349: 7346: 7343: 7341: 7340: 7336: 7334: 7333:United States 7323: 7321: 7318: 7316: 7313: 7310: 7308: 7307: 7303: 7300: 7299: 7295: 7292: 7290: 7279: 7277: 7276:Marlon Brando 7274: 7272: 7269: 7266: 7263: 7259: 7256: 7253: 7252: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7243: 7239: 7237: 7226: 7223: 7221: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7207: 7206: 7202: 7199: 7197: 7186: 7184: 7181: 7179: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7165: 7164: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7154:United States 7144: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7131: 7129: 7126: 7123: 7122: 7119: 7116: 7114: 7111: 7109: 7108:United States 7098: 7096: 7093: 7091: 7088: 7085: 7083: 7080: 7077: 7076: 7072: 7069: 7066: 7063: 7060: 7057: 7054: 7051: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7040: 7038: 7037: 7032: 7028: 7024: 7023: 7018: 7016: 7012: 7008: 7006: 7000: 6998: 6993: 6991: 6990: 6985: 6981: 6980: 6975: 6974: 6969: 6968: 6959: 6958: 6952: 6947: 6937: 6935: 6931: 6926: 6924: 6920: 6919:legal process 6916: 6910: 6900: 6897: 6892: 6890: 6886: 6882: 6877: 6875: 6870: 6867: 6862: 6860: 6855: 6850: 6848: 6844: 6839: 6837: 6833: 6829: 6825: 6821: 6816: 6811: 6806: 6803: 6799: 6795: 6791: 6781: 6779: 6775: 6771: 6769: 6765: 6761: 6756: 6754: 6750: 6746: 6742: 6738: 6731: 6727: 6725: 6721: 6717: 6713: 6708: 6706: 6702: 6698: 6693: 6691: 6687: 6686:Joseph Sturge 6683: 6673: 6670: 6666: 6661: 6659: 6655: 6651: 6647: 6643: 6639: 6635: 6631: 6627: 6623: 6619: 6615: 6613: 6609: 6604: 6592: 6588: 6584: 6577: 6573: 6569: 6566: 6565:Jim Crow laws 6560: 6558: 6554: 6550: 6546: 6542: 6538: 6534: 6530: 6526: 6520: 6518: 6514: 6510: 6500: 6498: 6494: 6490: 6486: 6485:Maurya Empire 6482: 6474: 6469: 6460: 6454: 6450: 6297: 6294: 6293: 6292: 6289: 6287: 6284: 6280: 6277: 6276: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6243: 6242:Edward Barley 6239: 6237: 6235: 6231: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6223: 6218: 6216: 6214: 6210: 6208: 6206: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6194: 6189: 6187: 6186: 6181: 6179: 6178: 6173: 6171: 6170: 6165: 6163: 6162: 6157: 6155: 6154: 6149: 6147: 6144: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6124: 6122: 6119: 6115: 6112: 6111: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6061: 6058: 6047: 6042: 6040: 6035: 6033: 6028: 6027: 6024: 6018: 6012: 6002: 6000: 5999:manual labour 5996: 5991: 5988: 5987:force-feeding 5983: 5973: 5964: 5962: 5957: 5953: 5949: 5944: 5940: 5939:domestic work 5930: 5928: 5924: 5920: 5916: 5910: 5900: 5898: 5888: 5886: 5882: 5879:, or sold to 5878: 5874: 5870: 5866: 5856: 5854: 5850: 5846: 5842: 5838: 5834: 5830: 5826: 5822: 5818: 5814: 5810: 5806: 5802: 5798: 5794: 5790: 5786: 5782: 5778: 5774: 5768: 5758: 5756: 5752: 5747: 5742: 5740: 5735: 5731: 5729: 5725: 5721: 5717: 5707: 5705: 5701: 5697: 5693: 5689: 5685: 5683: 5679: 5671: 5667: 5663: 5661: 5657: 5656:bonded labour 5653: 5643: 5638: 5634: 5630: 5626: 5625:Child slavery 5622: 5618: 5608: 5606: 5602: 5597: 5594: 5588: 5586: 5582: 5578: 5574: 5568: 5566: 5562: 5558: 5554: 5550: 5542: 5537: 5533: 5531: 5527: 5523: 5522:Gustaf Dalman 5519: 5515: 5510: 5505: 5503: 5499: 5491: 5487: 5483: 5481: 5477: 5473: 5469: 5465: 5461: 5457: 5453: 5452: 5447: 5443: 5439: 5435: 5431: 5430: 5425: 5421: 5416: 5414: 5413:ancient Egypt 5410: 5406: 5402: 5391: 5383: 5382:Sahara Desert 5379: 5374: 5369: 5365: 5361: 5357: 5353: 5343: 5341: 5337: 5331: 5329: 5325: 5319: 5317: 5313: 5307: 5304: 5300: 5293: 5291: 5287: 5283: 5278: 5276: 5272: 5271: 5266: 5261: 5258: 5252: 5243: 5239: 5235: 5231: 5227: 5218: 5213: 5203: 5199: 5197: 5193: 5192: 5191:Untermenschen 5187: 5183: 5177: 5168: 5159: 5157: 5152: 5149: 5145: 5141: 5137: 5133: 5125: 5124:Crimean Tatar 5121: 5117: 5115: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5099: 5095: 5091: 5087: 5083: 5078: 5076: 5071: 5070: 5064: 5059: 5057: 5056:slave markets 5053: 5049: 5045: 5041: 5037: 5033: 5029: 5025: 5018: 5014: 5010: 5006: 5004: 5000: 4996: 4992: 4991:Ottoman fleet 4988: 4983: 4979: 4975: 4971: 4963: 4958: 4954: 4951: 4947: 4943: 4942: 4937: 4933: 4929: 4925: 4921: 4917: 4913: 4909: 4908: 4907:Domesday Book 4903: 4899: 4895: 4891: 4887: 4883: 4878: 4876: 4872: 4869: 4865: 4861: 4857: 4853: 4849: 4845: 4841: 4838: 4834: 4830: 4826: 4821: 4820: 4813: 4812: 4807: 4803: 4799: 4795: 4791: 4787: 4783: 4776: 4772: 4768: 4763: 4759: 4755: 4751: 4741: 4738: 4734: 4730: 4726: 4722: 4718: 4713: 4711: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4698:slave revolts 4695: 4691: 4687: 4683: 4679: 4675: 4667: 4663: 4662: 4658: 4653: 4648: 4644: 4640: 4625: 4623: 4619: 4617: 4616:Māori society 4613: 4603: 4601: 4597: 4594:sultanate of 4593: 4588: 4582: 4578: 4574: 4564: 4562: 4558: 4554: 4550: 4545: 4541: 4537: 4535: 4531: 4527: 4523: 4519: 4510: 4508: 4504: 4500: 4496: 4490: 4488: 4484: 4479: 4475: 4470: 4465: 4463: 4462:comfort women 4458: 4454: 4449: 4445: 4441: 4436: 4432: 4428: 4424: 4420: 4416: 4411: 4406: 4402: 4398: 4394: 4390: 4386: 4379: 4375: 4371: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4356: 4352: 4342: 4338: 4334: 4329: 4327: 4323: 4319: 4315: 4311: 4307: 4302: 4300: 4295: 4291: 4290: 4285: 4281: 4277: 4272: 4270: 4266: 4262: 4260: 4255: 4251: 4250: 4245: 4241: 4237: 4233: 4232:Shang dynasty 4227: 4219: 4215: 4210: 4200: 4190: 4188: 4184: 4179: 4175: 4171: 4167: 4163: 4159: 4158:again in 2016 4155: 4151: 4147: 4143: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4119: 4114: 4112: 4108: 4104: 4100: 4099:1860 election 4096: 4081: 4080: 4074: 4070: 4068: 4064: 4060: 4056: 4052: 4047: 4045: 4041: 4040: 4035: 4031: 4026: 4024: 4020: 4018: 4012: 4010: 4006: 4002: 3998: 3993: 3991: 3987: 3983: 3979: 3975: 3971: 3967: 3963: 3959: 3952: 3948: 3943: 3937:United States 3934: 3932: 3928: 3924: 3919: 3915: 3913: 3909: 3905: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3889: 3884: 3882: 3878: 3874: 3870: 3869:typhoid fever 3866: 3862: 3858: 3853: 3852: 3845: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3823: 3819: 3812: 3807: 3803: 3801: 3797: 3793: 3789: 3785: 3781: 3777: 3773: 3764: 3760: 3757: 3752: 3750: 3744: 3741: 3734: 3732: 3728: 3721: 3717: 3713: 3707: 3703: 3698: 3689: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3674: 3670: 3665: 3659: 3654: 3648: 3641: 3636: 3632: 3629: 3624: 3620: 3616: 3612: 3608: 3600: 3596: 3589: 3584: 3575: 3573: 3568: 3562: 3558: 3556: 3552: 3548: 3544: 3540: 3539:Hernán Cortés 3530: 3528: 3524: 3520: 3516: 3511: 3509: 3505: 3499: 3497: 3496:Francis Drake 3493: 3489: 3485: 3481: 3477: 3473: 3469: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3435: 3431: 3427: 3424: 3422: 3418: 3408: 3404: 3394: 3383: 3374: 3372: 3368: 3364: 3360: 3356: 3352: 3348: 3347:First Nations 3344: 3340: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3322: 3318: 3314: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3297: 3293: 3289: 3285: 3275: 3273: 3269: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3253: 3249: 3244: 3240: 3238: 3237:trans-Saharan 3234: 3230: 3226: 3219: 3216: 3215: 3208: 3200: 3196: 3191: 3187: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3171:ancient world 3167: 3165: 3161: 3157: 3153: 3148: 3144: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3122: 3115: 3110: 3107: 3103: 3095: 3090: 3086: 3084: 3079: 3077: 3076:Muslim empire 3073: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3054:in Iraq. The 3053: 3049: 3045: 3040: 3038: 3034: 3033: 3027: 3025: 3020: 3014: 3012: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2987:Bantu peoples 2984: 2980: 2976: 2972: 2968: 2964: 2960: 2956: 2955:Mediterranean 2952: 2948: 2947:Sahara desert 2944: 2940: 2932: 2927: 2923: 2921: 2920:Duke of Milan 2917: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2902:. In 1402 an 2901: 2897: 2892: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2878: 2874: 2870: 2864: 2854: 2852: 2848: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2815: 2810: 2804: 2794: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2780: 2776: 2766: 2764: 2760: 2756: 2752: 2747: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2736:repartimiento 2733: 2729: 2724: 2723: 2717: 2712: 2706: 2705: 2691:Legal aspects 2688: 2686: 2671: 2664: 2660: 2659:David Roberts 2655: 2647: 2638: 2636: 2627: 2623: 2621: 2620: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2606:Auguste Comte 2602: 2594: 2589: 2585: 2581: 2579: 2578:assembly line 2574: 2570: 2566: 2562: 2558: 2553: 2550: 2546: 2531: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2500: 2498: 2494: 2493:animal rights 2489: 2487: 2482: 2477: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2453: 2451: 2446: 2441: 2437: 2427: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2411: 2407: 2401: 2400:Child slavery 2391: 2389: 2385: 2380: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2359: 2353: 2352:Unfree labour 2346:Forced labour 2339: 2335: 2333: 2329: 2319: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2304:Chukri system 2301: 2294: 2293:Chukri system 2290: 2284: 2277:Bonded labour 2274: 2272: 2268: 2263: 2261: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2220: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2199: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2184: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2158: 2153: 2146: 2141: 2134: 2130: 2121: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2110: 2105: 2101: 2091: 2088: 2082: 2070: 2064: 2052: 2045: 2041: 2036: 2034: 2017: 2005: 1993: 1990: 1978: 1968: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1937: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1906:forced labour 1902: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1881: 1880:forced labour 1877: 1876:unfree labour 1873: 1869: 1865: 1860: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1845:human history 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1820: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1783: 1778: 1776: 1771: 1769: 1764: 1763: 1761: 1760: 1753: 1750: 1746: 1743: 1741: 1738: 1736: 1733: 1729: 1726: 1725: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1695: 1694: 1691: 1689: 1686: 1684: 1683:Slave catcher 1681: 1679: 1676: 1672: 1669: 1667: 1664: 1663: 1662: 1659: 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purity 25071:Wife selling 25061:White flight 25041:Slut-shaming 25021:Scapegoating 24939:Murder music 24602:Palestinians 24545:Anti-Zionism 24413:South Africa 24398:Black people 24376:South Africa 24192:Christianity 24182:Baháʼí Faith 24105:Sectarianism 24045:Heterosexism 24010:Ephebiphobia 23980:Anti-Masonry 23847:Hair texture 23724: 23715:Penal labour 23685:Conscription 23627: 23619: 23611: 23603: 23595: 23587: 23579: 23505: 23497: 23478: 23472:The Octoroon 23470: 23462: 23443: 23417: 23409: 23401: 23382: 23374: 23366: 23358: 23350: 23342: 23334: 23326: 23318: 23310: 23302: 23294: 23286: 23278: 23270: 23262: 23254: 23246: 23224: 23216: 23208: 23200: 23192: 23184: 23163: 23155: 23147: 23139: 23131: 23123: 23115: 23107: 23099: 23091: 23083: 23075: 23067: 23059: 23051: 22865:Thomas James 22814:Moses Grandy 22809:David George 22768:Lucy Delaney 22742:Peter Bruner 22681:Sam Aleckson 22561:Roustam Raza 22472:Joseph Pitts 22394:Robert Adams 22378:by continent 22276: 22242:the original 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President 6824:Luc Gnacadja 6817: 6813: 6808: 6787: 6772: 6757: 6737:Pope Francis 6733: 6729: 6714:adopted the 6709: 6694: 6679: 6662: 6616: 6605: 6601: 6561: 6521: 6506: 6478: 6463:In antiquity 6458: 6259:Frere Treaty 6241: 6233: 6221: 6212: 6204: 6192: 6184: 6176: 6169:El Almirante 6168: 6160: 6152: 6064:Abolitionism 6011:Abolitionism 6005:Abolitionism 5992: 5979: 5970: 5936: 5912: 5894: 5862: 5770: 5755:forced labor 5743: 5736: 5732: 5713: 5710:Distribution 5688:Slavoj Žižek 5686: 5675: 5660:debt bondage 5648: 5598: 5589: 5569: 5546: 5506: 5495: 5490:Ottoman wars 5458:treaty, the 5449: 5427: 5417: 5387: 5340:Solzhenitsyn 5335: 5333: 5327: 5323: 5321: 5315: 5311: 5309: 5302: 5298: 5295: 5289: 5285: 5281: 5279: 5268: 5262: 5237: 5226:Soviet Union 5223: 5200: 5189: 5179: 5162:World War II 5153: 5129: 5079: 5060: 5022: 4967: 4939: 4905: 4879: 4833:Muslim world 4827:Europe: the 4811:Dum Diversas 4780: 4773:pleads with 4733:Roman Empire 4717:Ancient Rome 4714: 4671: 4655: 4622:Blackbirding 4620: 4611: 4609: 4600:North Borneo 4584: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4522:Vedic period 4516: 4502: 4491: 4466: 4448:King Jeongjo 4444:emancipation 4440:King Yeongjo 4433:period, the 4383: 4346:booi niyalma 4336: 4333:Qing dynasty 4330: 4322:Yuan dynasty 4314:China proper 4303: 4288: 4273: 4269:human rights 4257: 4247: 4229: 4214:Tang dynasty 4193:Asia-Pacific 4115: 4092: 4077: 4048: 4037: 4027: 4021: 4013: 3994: 3956: 3927:slave revolt 3920: 3916: 3885: 3846: 3827: 3811:slave revolt 3770: 3761: 3753: 3745: 3735: 3725: 3715: 3675:, Paramaka, 3669:ethnogenesis 3649: 3645: 3642:. 1840–1850. 3604: 3563: 3559: 3543:modern slave 3536: 3514: 3512: 3500: 3438: 3433: 3425: 3414: 3341: 3311: 3245: 3242: 3221: 3204: 3168: 3159: 3140: 3135:Ruvuma River 3131:Arab-Swahili 3117: 3112: 3099: 3080: 3043: 3041: 3030: 3028: 3015: 2975:Indian Ocean 2951:North Africa 2936: 2893: 2875:, including 2866: 2820: 2772: 2769:Legal rights 2759:Ubangi-Shari 2748: 2744:totalitarian 2699: 2682: 2662: 2632: 2617: 2598: 2593:Mercedarians 2582: 2554: 2542: 2512:wage slavery 2501: 2496: 2490: 2486:Drapetomania 2478: 2470:libertarians 2461: 2459: 2443: 2413: 2406:Child labour 2384:prostitution 2381: 2373:penal labour 2369:conscription 2361: 2327: 2325: 2316:prostitution 2308:debt bondage 2296: 2283:Debt bondage 2264: 2205:. After the 2200: 2188:abolitionist 2185: 2173:Roman Empire 2164: 2162: 2147:, U.S., 1860 2132: 2117: 2113: 2107: 2103: 2097: 2037: 1994: 1956:through the 1945: 1943: 1928:, people in 1922:debt bondage 1899: 1871: 1863: 1861: 1849:civilization 1821: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1792: 1791: 1688:Slave patrol 1520:Freedom suit 1496:Sierra Leone 1486:Colonization 1402:Abolitionism 1382:Baháʼí Faith 1355:Christianity 1305:Saudi Arabia 1161:Penal Labour 1126:Blackbirding 1032:Debt bondage 1020:penal system 846:Contemporary 836:Field slaves 824:U.S. Natives 783:South Africa 654:Galley slave 627:Slave market 617:House slaves 590:Blackbirding 568:Conscription 492:21st century 455:Umm al-walad 299:Muslim world 268:Emancipation 172:Wage slavery 152:Penal labour 130:Wife selling 120:Bride buying 105:Conscription 95:Child Labour 88:Contemporary 69: 50: 35521:Sentientism 35502:Rationalism 35449:Peripatetic 35429:Natural law 35400:Materialism 35328:Historicism 35318:Hegelianism 35268:Determinism 35145:Agnosticism 35017:Sentientism 34987:Nationalism 34937:Imperialism 34867:Communalism 34862:Colonialism 34816:Weltschmerz 34796:Misanthropy 34696:Stewardship 34624:Obligations 34528:Culpability 34519:Golden Rule 34413:Common good 34331:Supernature 34287:Otherworlds 34246:comparative 34216:Information 34211:Incarnation 34148:Eschatology 34082:Anima mundi 34064:Metaphysics 33983:Observation 33978:Methodology 33760:Moral panic 33740:Mass action 33636:Doublethink 33579:Collectives 33501:Pilgrimages 33390:Coronations 33295:Revolutions 33263:Proselytism 33196:negationism 33082:maintenance 32930:Attentional 32789:Life stance 32757:Epic poetry 32747:Conventions 32524:North Korea 32517:New Zealand 32110:Pay-to-stay 31537:Criminology 31446:Reparations 31411:Black power 31159:New Zealand 30990:Middle East 30943:Switzerland 30903:Netherlands 30618:Dominickers 30493:Nova Scotia 30411:El Salvador 30342:Saint Lucia 30332:Puerto Rico 30018:New Zealand 29735:Untouchable 29660:Proletariat 29650:Pea-pickers 29600:Bourgeoisie 29288:Aristocracy 29174:naturalized 29169:native-born 28663:Historical: 28387:Resignation 28327:Termination 28310:Slow living 28278:Truck wages 28263:Labour camp 28191:Willingness 28083:Infractions 27738:Living wage 27686:Remote work 27354:Gold-collar 27309:Pink-collar 27304:Grey-collar 27294:Blue-collar 27261:Labour hire 27236:Cooperative 27200:Recruitment 27155:Job hunting 27088:Application 27070:Wage labour 27055:Labour hire 27008:Job sharing 26917:LGBT rights 26650:Nationality 26640:LGBT rights 26369:Anti-racism 26110:Middle East 26004:South Korea 25999:North Korea 25914:Hate speech 25836:Substantive 25816:Neocolonial 25381:Nonviolence 25376:LGBT rights 25341:Empowerment 25309:Anti-racism 25231:Segregation 25176:No kid zone 24976:Persecution 24889:Hate speech 24840:Gay bashing 24815:Ethnic joke 24770:Dog whistle 24715:Blood libel 24393:Azerbaijani 24297:Neopaganism 24290:Persecution 24251:Persecution 24234:Persecution 24197:Catholicism 24177:Exclusivism 24127:Transphobia 24110:Supremacism 24065:Lesbophobia 23985:Aporophobia 23950:Anti-autism 23801:Taste-based 23796:Statistical 23730:Truck wages 23705:Labour camp 23241: 1861 23234: 1853 22938:Moses Roper 22922:John Parker 22908:(1790–1880) 22886:Boston King 22877:(1799–1874) 22706:Polly Berry 22649:Mary Prince 22563:(1783–1845) 22557:(1684-1777) 22539:(1698–1733) 22522:(1684–1736) 22505:(1644–1744) 22499:(1660–1736) 22493:(1632–1702) 22487:(1598–1682) 22479: 1735 22462:(1708–1754) 22454:Mende Nazer 22444:(1735–1785) 22432:(1564–1639) 22426:(1767–1843) 22420:(1747–1815) 22414:(1620–1702) 22406:Francis Bok 22402:(1714-1761) 22400:Marcus Berg 22396:(c. 1790–?) 22376:Individuals 20937:. Madison: 20501:February 2, 19201:|work= 19054:Google News 19018:February 6, 18908:February 6, 18882:February 6, 18852:February 6, 18624:. Pdavis.nl 18548:. Pimlico. 18468:: 501–510. 18429:: 110–122. 18338:February 6, 18155:Donated by 18116:. State.gov 18095:February 6, 17717:|work= 17608:February 6, 17403:Boing Boing 17303:January 20, 17193:February 7, 17165:January 16, 17138:February 7, 17112:February 7, 16875:October 17, 16623:(1): 1–31. 16148:February 1, 16115:February 6, 16093:February 6, 16039:. OUP USA. 15614:(1): 1–31. 15553:February 7, 15496:November 2, 15473:November 2, 15449:February 6, 15445:. July 2006 15348:CUP Archive 14981:: 341–342. 14513:Love (1913) 14505:Vink (1998) 14468:The Tribune 14363:February 2, 14300:February 2, 14262:February 2, 13979:February 2, 13941:February 2, 13885:February 2, 13751:February 2, 13674:Japan Probe 13221:. Seattle: 12377:February 7, 12299:February 7, 12044:November 4, 12027:, p. 7 11982:(1): 1–26. 11598:February 6, 11564:February 6, 11494:February 7, 11362:February 6, 11336:February 6, 11172:October 10, 10680:February 7, 10560:|work= 10228:Forbes 1998 9972:February 6, 9725:Kopel, Dave 9559:January 15, 9504:ipsnews.net 9250:FSE Project 8550:January 21, 8523:October 16, 8213:Nate Parker 8208:Nate Parker 8190:Misan Sagay 8165:Amma Asante 8008:Documentary 7993:Yuri Arabov 7880:(TV series) 7864:South Korea 7725:Puerto Rico 7699:El Cimarrón 7525:Halle Berry 7512:(TV series) 7461:Cobra Verde 7407:(TV series) 7362:Telenovela 7358:(TV series) 7058:Film genre 6970:(1915) and 6954:Poster for 6903:Reparations 6885:U.S. Senate 6828:Slave Coast 6792:passed the 6720:human right 6646:John Newton 6493:Qin dynasty 6453:Exeter Hall 6234:Mary Carver 6153:Providentia 5980:Victims of 5976:Trafficking 5903:North Korea 5863:During the 5777:sweat shops 5514:Circassians 5438:Circassians 5346:Middle East 5180:During the 4804:issued the 4792:(922), the 4708:was led by 4676:begin with 4672:Records of 4657:Ishmaelites 4453:Gabo Reform 4363:Han Chinese 4320:during the 4318:Han Chinese 4306:Han Chinese 4265:same period 4259:Book of Han 4236:Han dynasty 4087: 1790 4055:territories 4030:Upper South 3881:infanticide 3873:birth rates 3871:. They had 3658:Nèg'Marrons 3628:slave codes 3421:a civil war 3321:Amerindians 3292:Mita (Inca) 3164:Livingstone 3072:East Africa 3019:plantations 2943:West Africa 2937:During the 2841:during the 2839:agriculture 2716:North Korea 2678: 1853 2614:Middle Ages 2573:gang system 2524:wage labour 2157:New Orleans 2094:Terminology 1805:Enslavement 1703:court cases 1575: [ 1525:Slave Power 1513:Manumission 1360:Catholicism 1235:Afghanistan 976:Puerto Rico 888:The Bahamas 866:Slave codes 669:Shanghaiing 659:Impressment 551:Slave Coast 431:Qajar harem 391:Concubinage 364:slave trade 35615:Employment 35599:Categories 35488:Pyrrhonism 35478:Pragmatism 35473:Positivism 35376:Kantianism 35283:Empiricism 35201:philosophy 35198:Schools of 35141:Irreligion 35137:Secularity 35070:Cheondoism 35002:Radicalism 34982:Monarchism 34977:Militarism 34962:Liberalism 34907:Fanaticism 34847:Capitalism 34829:ideologies 34827:political 34755:Wrongdoing 34659:Repentance 34649:Punishment 34644:Principles 34639:Praxeology 34428:Creativity 34418:Conscience 34379:Almsgiving 34292:axes mundi 34176:Nonfiction 34153:Everything 34015:Revelation 34003:fallacious 33993:Perception 33929:scientific 33852:Status quo 33691:Groupshift 33606:Conformity 33561:Groupthink 33476:Liminality 33410:Employment 33385:Ceremonies 33253:Propaganda 33238:Persuasion 33114:Censorship 33080:Change and 33059:Status quo 32967:Congruence 32438:By country 32075:Informants 31990:Literature 31929:Helicopter 31888:Sally port 31853:Commissary 31831:Components 31724:Chain gang 31710:Labor camp 31696:Internment 31661:Black site 31558:Punishment 31379:Coromantee 30794:Paramaccan 30708:Quilombola 30648:Melungeons 30406:Costa Rica 30315:Coromantee 30008:Luxembourg 29898:Inequality 29563:Superclass 29354:Hereditary 29330:Post-Roman 29321:Patrician 29191:adolescent 29015:Classicide 28597:Wage curve 28404:Retirement 28317:Workaholic 28295:Work ethic 28162:Wage theft 28147:Labour law 28142:Evaluation 28127:Dress code 27892:Sick leave 27857:Child care 27819:Salary cap 27733:Income tax 27696:Shift work 27633:Time clock 27628:Sick leave 27623:Sabbatical 27588:Break room 27576:Attendance 27545:Profession 27530:Mentorship 27508:Retraining 27433:E-learning 27329:New-collar 27324:Red-collar 27271:Supervisor 27251:Internship 27170:Onboarding 27038:Technician 27033:Journeyman 27003:Gig worker 26969:Employment 26655:Personhood 26248:Vietnamese 26021:Arab world 25919:Hate group 25909:Hate crime 25846:Xenophobia 25826:Scientific 25811:Linguistic 25655:Stereotype 25650:Speciesism 25531:Oppression 25526:Oikophobia 25422:Allophilia 25406:Toleration 25263:Sodomy law 25156:Internment 25076:Witch-hunt 24954:Blackhawks 24884:Hate group 24872:Hate crime 24845:Gendercide 24835:Freak show 24825:Excellence 24785:Employment 24755:Defamation 24682:Vietnamese 24677:Venezuelan 24562:Lithuanian 24224:Falun Gong 24154:Xenophobia 24149:Vegaphobia 24132:Non-binary 24090:Pedophobia 24055:Homophobia 23877:Skin color 23837:Disability 23810:Attributes 23791:Structural 23695:Encomienda 23419:Copper Sun 23368:Unburnable 23304:Dessa Rose 23031:Osifekunde 22963:Venerable 22906:James Mars 22819:Lear Green 22803:Monticello 22763:Noah Davis 22732:John Brown 22711:Henry Bibb 22654:Venerable 22460:Hark Olufs 22268:(in Dutch) 22168:Historical 21848:2008009151 21608:Mintz, S. 21579:(1): 117. 20710:. Oxford: 20686:2008009151 20418:January 9, 20187:. London: 19377:Davis 2002 19365:Davis 2002 19327:(4): 181. 18993:January 7, 18967:January 7, 18959:. London. 18934:August 29, 18821:August 29, 18715:October 5, 18628:August 29, 18398:August 16, 18187:August 28, 18142:. London: 18120:August 29, 18065:August 29, 18004:August 18, 17864:Greenpeace 17580:January 3, 17550:August 29, 17498:August 29, 17473:January 8, 16890:Bales 1999 16695:August 29, 16591:August 29, 16569:August 29, 16546:Lewis 1992 16384:(3–4): 2. 15666:August 29, 15579:August 29, 15122:August 29, 15100:August 29, 14833:August 29, 14807:August 11, 14769:August 29, 14723:(1): 916. 14529:Itinerario 13868:. p. 13684:January 7, 13547:SUNY Press 13477:SUNY Press 13183:, London: 13121:Lee (1997) 13100:Tōyō Bunko 12827:August 29, 12752:August 28, 12182:August 23, 12124:, p. 10966:August 29, 10588:August 11, 10318:August 12, 9766:October 9, 9686:August 29, 9369:Al Jazeera 9326:Bales 2004 9256:August 31, 8808:De Gruyter 8696:Lewis 1992 8487:August 29, 8430:Bales 2004 8337:. Oxford: 8318:References 8068:Jamie Foxx 7550:Alex Haley 7520:John Erman 7451:Alex Haley 7320:Ken Norton 7248:Anne Golon 6984:John Brown 6847:Tony Blair 6745:Chân Không 6455:in London. 6213:La Amistad 6177:Marinerito 6161:Presidente 5972:annually. 5907:See also: 5897:Mauritania 5891:Mauritania 5887:in Libya. 5885:child rape 5877:sex slaves 5837:North Face 5765:See also: 5700:sweatshops 5692:capitalism 5615:See also: 5420:Arab World 5350:See also: 5196:Aryan race 5132:Kievan Rus 5032:Al-Andalus 4806:papal bull 4694:sex slaves 4690:gladiators 4534:Coromandel 4513:South Asia 4474:concubines 4393:East Asian 4274:After the 4224:See also: 4197:See also: 4183:California 4053:. The new 3900:mixed-race 3886:As in its 3834:Hispaniola 3792:to protect 3784:advisement 3679:or Aukan, 3623:sugar cane 3572:work hours 3523:John Casor 3504:John Punch 3457:Hispaniola 3417:revolution 3403:slave ship 3288:Encomienda 3266:, and the 3252:Oyo Empire 2999:Mozambique 2981:), to the 2979:Madagascar 2869:Senegambia 2861:See also: 2807:See also: 2751:encomienda 2601:Adam Smith 2549:landowners 2520:dysphemism 2516:pejorative 2504:socialists 2434:See also: 2404:See also: 2356:See also: 2322:Dependents 2287:See also: 2267:Mauritania 2033:Late Latin 2028:εσκλαβήνος 2016:Ésklabēnoí 2010:Έσκλαβηνοί 1989:ésklabḗnos 1983:εσκλαβήνος 1958:Old French 1910:sweatshops 1901:Mauritania 1718:J.Q. Adams 1708:Washington 1678:Slave name 1622:convention 1597:Common law 970:Encomienda 766:Seychelles 751:Mauritania 674:Slave ship 541:Panyarring 536:New France 185:Historical 35536:Spinozism 35468:Pluralism 35459:Platonism 35410:Modernism 35395:Logicians 35263:Cyrenaics 35224:Averroism 35164:Spiritism 35132:Rastafari 35047:Religions 35027:Socialism 35007:Reformism 34972:Masculism 34927:Globalism 34902:Extremism 34872:Communism 34837:Anarchism 34811:Reclusion 34806:Pessimism 34788:Attitudes 34711:Suffering 34674:Sexuality 34664:Reverence 34654:Qualities 34573:religious 34553:Judgement 34533:Happiness 34497:Étiquette 34487:Eroticism 34475:Aesthetic 34458:religious 34453:emotional 34443:Economics 34374:Aesthetic 34336:Teleology 34280:political 34241:Mythology 34206:Illusions 34181:Free will 34167:Existence 34162:Evolution 34136:existence 34119:religious 34114:Cosmology 34109:Cosmogony 34087:Causality 34077:Afterlife 34025:Tradition 34020:Testimony 33998:Reasoning 33958:Intuition 33924:anecdotal 33882:Knowledge 33857:Stigmergy 33842:Sociology 33641:Emergence 33380:Calendars 33176:Euphemism 33164:religious 33159:Education 32992:Homophily 32945:Cognitive 32794:Lifestyle 32692:Worldview 32447:Australia 32179:Sexuality 32068:Education 32027:Tattooing 31821:Death row 31717:Battalion 31576:Prisoners 31200:Secondary 31164:Sri Lanka 31142:Mardijker 31132:Indonesia 31103:Hong Kong 31098:Guangzhou 31088:Australia 31035:Palestine 30963:Liverpool 30958:Cambridge 30811:Venezuela 30683:Argentina 30438:Nicaragua 30416:Guatemala 30196:Caribbean 30174:Geography 30033:Sri Lanka 29926:Education 29893:Household 29786:Affluence 29721:Rat tribe 29683:Ant tribe 29655:Precariat 29640:Lazzaroni 29582:Bohemians 29543:Overclass 29538:Old money 29474:Spartiate 29449:Kshatriya 29439:Hashashin 29396:Professor 29337:Political 29310:Oligarchy 29300:Hanseaten 29218:Stateless 29198:Convicted 29130:By status 29093:Subaltern 29025:Euthenics 28957:New class 28784:Workhouse 28704:Busy work 28518:Recession 28382:Pink slip 28340:Dismissal 28203:Careerism 27797:Singapore 27775:Hong Kong 27643:Schedules 27562:Tradesman 27463:Licensure 27423:Education 27393:Avocation 27334:No-collar 27314:Precariat 27195:Probation 27150:Job fraud 26635:Legal aid 26429:Race card 26364:Alt-right 26164:Argentina 26125:Palestine 26043:Australia 25869:Apartheid 25857:of racism 25628:Christian 25556:Prejudice 25504:Masculism 25452:Diversity 25246:religious 25221:Redlining 24820:Ethnocide 24780:Education 24667:Ukrainian 24597:Pakistani 24587:Mongolian 24508:Australia 24490:Hungarian 24445:Colombian 24425:Bulgarian 24307:Rastafari 24256:Ahmadiyya 24164:Religious 24142:Trans men 24100:Pregnancy 24035:Gayphobia 24030:Fatphobia 23935:Acephobia 23930:Arophobia 23914:Viewpoint 23144:(1936–38) 22630:Caribbean 22456:(b. 1982) 22408:(b. 1979) 21856:750831024 21684:Routledge 21593:0003-0678 21365:195243866 21313:162624457 21205:144866813 21168:220850066 20904:Lal, K.S. 20704:(1988) . 20694:750831024 20586:304436379 20534:1385-3783 20469:ignored ( 20459:cite book 20451:0072-9396 20367:(2007a). 20141:205804782 19902:148284255 19671:(1968) . 19341:0148-6179 19203:ignored ( 19193:cite book 19147:The Voice 18529:141017958 18333:0362-4331 17911:AllAfrica 17719:ignored ( 17709:cite book 16961:0362-4331 16845:March 14, 16398:165354205 16313:ignored ( 16303:cite book 16083:"Träldom" 15325:0013-0117 14745:179216974 14737:2304-4934 14447:155047611 14348:Routledge 14285:Routledge 13926:Routledge 13705:Routledge 13185:Routledge 13175:(2013) , 13108:0082-562X 12933:145709968 12925:0018-098X 12347:March 16, 12227:Ali, Arif 12004:154682898 11847:August 8, 11777:162278526 11533:0362-4331 11278:March 12, 11228:Routledge 11206:0261-3077 11075:. BRILL. 11054:March 23, 10894:Routledge 10824:Routledge 10750:1468-2621 10618:March 19, 10562:ignored ( 10552:cite book 10503:"Slavery" 10425:0362-4331 10067:154921369 10022:154616683 9853:: 77–78. 9310:help page 9187:Patterson 9107:(1): 51. 8665:0020-7438 8620:"slave". 8364:"Slavery" 7964:The Horde 7794:Thriller 7646:Gladiator 7170:Cervantes 7128:Spartacus 7061:Director 7015:Spartacus 7005:Spartacus 6957:Spartacus 6915:civil law 6874:Liverpool 6859:Jamestown 6784:Apologies 6676:Worldwide 6497:Wang Mang 6473:Wang Mang 6193:Brillante 5967:Economics 5956:Sri Lanka 5409:Egyptians 5322:The word 5251:romanized 5156:thralldom 5116:in 1783. 5102:Circassia 5098:Wallachia 4882:Æthelstan 4868:Radhanite 4737:provinces 4710:Spartacus 4659:purchase 4587:Indochina 4499:Hideyoshi 4476:to Asian 4403:. In the 4367:Altishahr 4299:Yu Xuanji 4294:livestock 4254:Wang Mang 4244:territory 4204:East Asia 4178:GEO Group 4174:CoreCivic 4111:Civil War 3997:Jefferson 3861:Louis XIV 3851:Code Noir 3832:of 1697, 3740:bandeiras 3537:In 1519, 3508:Hugh Gwyn 3465:Dominican 3441:New World 3329:Tupinambá 3205:When the 3013:islands. 2904:Ethiopian 2561:sugarcane 2557:monocrops 2539:Economics 2460:The word 2424:restaveks 2414:In 2007, 2326:The word 2004:Sklábinoi 1998:Σκλάβινοι 1944:The word 1940:Etymology 1894:Louisiana 1797:ownership 1713:Jefferson 1365:Mormonism 1300:Palestine 1114:Australia 1044:Indonesia 935:Lei Áurea 918:Code Noir 898:Caribbean 871:Treatment 610:Treatment 583:Devshirme 445:Odalisque 263:In Russia 204:Babylonia 192:Antiquity 35541:Stoicism 35444:Nihilism 35390:Legalism 35385:Kokugaku 35351:Idealism 35342:Humanism 35313:Hedonism 35303:Fatalism 35278:Eleatics 35258:Cynicism 35174:Tenrikyo 35097:Hinduism 35065:Caodaism 35060:Buddhism 35037:Veganism 34992:Pacifism 34957:Islamism 34917:Feminism 34801:Optimism 34777:Examples 34726:Theodicy 34716:Sympathy 34612:Morality 34470:Emotions 34465:Elegance 34393:Autonomy 34388:Altruism 34341:Theology 34270:Ontology 34236:Miracles 34092:Concepts 34072:Ætiology 34047:criteria 34030:folklore 33919:Evidence 33735:Mob rule 33726:Lynching 33486:Marriage 33464:cultural 33442:Holidays 33428:Funerals 33423:Families 33405:Doctrine 33368:cultural 33300:Rhetoric 33119:Charisma 33094:Argument 33089:Activism 32977:Cultural 32925:Academic 32858:Schemata 32828:Paradigm 32803:Memeplex 32784:Ideology 32774:factoids 32608:Scotland 32243:(Brazil) 32207:Violence 32156:Religion 31997:American 31846:Cemetery 31814:Supermax 31733:Military 31675:Debtors' 31599:Detainee 31592:Criminal 31544:Penology 31470:Category 31320:Asia and 31289:Haitians 31244:Nigeria 31234:Liberia 31204:diaspora 31180:Atlantic 31154:Malaysia 31055:Africans 30973:Scotland 30918:Portugal 30839:Abkhazia 30799:Saramaka 30774:Suriname 30764:Paraguay 30752:Saramaka 30720:Colombia 30698:Kalungas 30628:Garifuna 30564:Freedmen 30515:Mascogos 30448:Cimarrón 30421:Honduras 30399:Garifuna 30369:Merikins 30352:Garifuna 30266:Dominica 30224:Barbados 30204:Anguilla 30182:Americas 30125:Category 30057:Historic 29978:Colombia 29968:Cambodia 29903:Personal 29801:Mobility 29730:Freedman 29716:Plebeian 29702:Prisoner 29688:Commoner 29574:Creative 29555:Seigneur 29521:Nobility 29479:Vanniyar 29464:Pendekar 29424:Cossacks 29058:Snobbery 28930:Theories 28692:See also 28618:Workfare 28443:Turnover 27839:Benefits 27720:salaries 27681:Overtime 27671:Flextime 27603:Gap year 27598:Furlough 27567:Vocation 27550:Operator 27413:Coaching 27368:training 27246:Employer 27241:Employee 27145:Job fair 27023:Side job 26897:Abortion 26735:Suffrage 26484:Category 26399:Lynching 26374:Casteism 26219:Japanese 26078:Portugal 26009:Thailand 25977:Zimbabwe 25841:Symbolic 25831:Societal 25821:Romantic 25786:Gendered 25766:Cultural 25756:Colorism 25751:Aversive 25685:Category 25667:The talk 25603:Snobbery 25521:Net bias 25351:Feminism 25278:Ugly law 25119:Catholic 25087:policies 24934:Mortgage 24929:Lynching 24860:examples 24855:Genocide 24775:Economic 24760:Democide 24720:Bullying 24632:Scottish 24627:Romanian 24592:Nigerian 24535:Japanese 24470:Georgian 24455:Filipino 24388:Assyrian 24361:Armenian 24351:American 24346:Albanian 24328:National 24312:Yazidism 24229:Hinduism 24187:Buddhism 24085:Nepotism 24080:Misogyny 24075:Misandry 24000:Clannism 23995:Biphobia 23940:Adultism 23857:Language 23440:" (1848) 23186:Oroonoko 22870:John Jea 22474:(1663 – 22468:(1705–?) 22450:(1704–?) 22139:(2010). 21718:(2007). 21704:(1918). 21628:(1975). 21550:(2011). 21526:(1999). 21382:(2016). 21197:29770104 21090:(1994). 21062:(2007). 21034:(2016). 20906:(1994). 20732:(1999). 20621:(2014). 20582:ProQuest 20395:(2004). 20375:ABC-CLIO 20347:ABC-CLIO 20339:(1997). 20197:1773373W 20158:(1992). 20133:18340600 20024:(1978). 19939:(1992). 19857:(2002). 19837:ABC-CLIO 19797:(1978). 19624:61363605 19606:ABC-CLIO 19573:(1999). 19551:(1996). 19517:(2003). 19129:July 29, 19048:July 22, 18988:BBC News 18961:Archived 18928:BBC News 18902:BBC News 18796:15580435 18761:July 13, 18757:. UNESCO 18740:HuffPost 18482:24448702 18443:42843569 18138:(1841). 18035:July 24, 18000:. Du.edu 17777:Archived 17745:Archived 17693:Archived 17665:Archived 17635:Archived 17544:BBC News 17493:BBC News 17467:BBC News 17423:BBC News 17272:July 21, 17246:June 20, 17221:July 21, 17159:Archived 17133:BBC News 17079:NBC News 17034:July 11, 17028:Archived 17010:(2018). 16609:(2007). 16531:April 9, 16479:March 6, 16004:(2013). 15945:(2007). 15600:(2007). 15183:ABC-CLIO 15011:(2006). 14827:BBC News 14439:25188289 14207:25066328 14160:39655102 13654:March 2, 13457:allowed. 12905:Hesperia 12888:March 6, 12395:(2016). 12229:(1997). 12089:(1954). 11701:ABC-CLIO 11356:BBC News 11330:BBC News 10366:Archived 10312:Eurozine 10135:(1857). 9946:March 4, 9912:March 4, 9869:12835252 9663:Archived 9579:BBC News 9553:Archived 9349:July 27, 9294:BBC News 9213:(2016). 9121:00438243 9022:June 27, 8936:Archived 8836:"Sklave" 8834:(1995). 8798:(1989). 8782:40266114 8711:(1899). 8605:June 16, 8291:Mukataba 8250:See also 8059:Western 7339:Mandingo 7306:Mandingo 7258:Queimada 7067:Country 6726:states: 6701:Zanzibar 6503:Americas 6479:Emperor 6244:Incident 6222:Emanuela 6215:Incident 5948:Eswatini 5881:brothels 5789:Xinjiang 5530:Damascus 5478:and the 5462:and the 5451:Saqaliba 5436:(mainly 5434:Caucasus 5426:(mainly 5094:Moldavia 5028:Portugal 4982:devşirme 4972:and the 4934:and the 4848:Caucasus 4831:and the 4612:he mōkai 4610:Slaves ( 4503:en masse 4337:Booi Aha 4326:Negritos 4146:Arkansas 4097:won the 4051:Congress 3951:Staunton 3865:smallpox 3673:Saramaka 3615:Scottish 3476:Camagüey 3337:Comanche 3319:. Other 3278:Americas 3003:Tanzania 2722:Kippumjo 2685:branding 2559:such as 2260:in Yemen 2248:in Qatar 2217:and the 2165:chattels 2051:scylāvus 1853:outlawed 1801:property 1745:Iron bit 1735:40 acres 1698:breeding 1508:Freedman 1343:Religion 1203:Portugal 1088:Thailand 1078:Maldives 1073:Malaysia 1066:Kwalliso 1010:Booi Aha 962:Restavek 942:Colombia 913:Trinidad 903:Barbados 793:Zanzibar 741:Ethiopia 622:Saqaliba 516:Database 467:Saqaliba 228:Ancillae 58:a series 56:Part of 35605:Slavery 35570:Yangism 35555:Thomism 35531:Sophism 35273:Dualism 35234:Cārvāka 35219:Atomism 35159:Sikhism 35149:Atheism 35117:Judaism 35112:Jainism 35102:Hòa Hảo 34912:Fascism 34741:Virtues 34580:Liberty 34558:Justice 34538:Harmony 34448:Ecstasy 34433:Disgust 34423:Consent 34383:Charity 34316:Reality 34299:Physics 34191:History 34172:Fiction 34157:Nothing 34143:Destiny 34131:Deities 33946:fideism 33912:outline 33755:Mobbing 33551:Worship 33541:Symbols 33523:Rituals 33516:secular 33481:Liturgy 33447:Hygiene 33418:Slavery 33414:Serfdom 33355:Culture 32906:Aspects 32818:Mindset 32779:Framing 32737:Context 32718:Beliefs 32649:Commons 32587:Bermuda 32575:Ukraine 32503:Jamaica 32482:Iceland 32475:Germany 32468:Estonia 32420:Prisons 32200:Suicide 32193:Strikes 31952:Culture 31881:Officer 31874:Nursery 31867:Library 31754:Private 31645:Prisons 31606:Hostage 31585:Convict 31529:Science 31480:Commons 31441:Slavery 31431:Maroons 31350:Related 31322:Oceania 31280:France 31169:Kaffirs 31081:Oceania 30948:Ukraine 30923:Romania 30893:Ireland 30876:Germany 30859:Finland 30854:Denmark 30849:Belgium 30844:Austria 30806:Uruguay 30784:Matawai 30732:Ecuador 30703:Macombo 30688:Bolivia 30676:America 30498:Ontario 30461:America 30387:America 30385:Central 30310:Jamaica 30298:Marabou 30288:Grenada 30261:Curaçao 30229:Bermuda 30219:Bahamas 30028:Romania 30023:Nigeria 29908:Poverty 29811:Classes 29796:History 29707:Peasant 29693:Outcast 29632:Working 29612:Burgher 29469:Samurai 29459:Ocēlōtl 29419:Chhetri 29411:Warrior 29401:Scholar 29315:Russian 29305:Magnate 29293:Aristoi 29272:By type 29159:Citizen 29152:refugee 29048:Poverty 29042:Parvenu 28976:Related 28947:Marxian 28909:Stratum 28668:U.S.A.: 28273:Peonage 28248:Slavery 28198:Boreout 27937:Karoshi 27887:Pension 27676:On-call 27381:Artisan 27065:Laborer 26645:Liberty 26494:Commons 26404:Passing 26359:Ableism 26282:Mexican 26202:Chinese 26098:Ukraine 26063:Germany 26053:Denmark 26014:Vietnam 25695:Commons 25474:Figleaf 24899:Housing 24662:Turkish 24607:Pashtun 24577:Mexican 24557:Kurdish 24530:Italian 24480:Haitian 24465:Finnish 24440:Chinese 24435:Chechen 24430:Catalan 24420:Bengali 24341:African 24326:Ethnic/ 24285:Judaism 24271:Sunnism 24261:Shi'ism 24172:Atheism 24005:Elitism 23904:Species 23842:Genetic 23832:Dialect 23725:Slavery 23720:Serfdom 23518:Related 23312:Beloved 23296:Kindred 23264:Jubilee 23256:Our Nig 22176:at the 21816:(ed.). 21601:2712264 21305:2638543 21255:4211433 21234:2234490 20654:(ed.). 20435:, Ltd. 20095:July 4, 19468:June 3, 19448:3660347 19349:2904301 19269:May 16, 19124:Brattle 18521:2649071 18159:in 1880 17979:May 22, 17951:May 20, 17871:May 19, 17843:May 19, 17811:May 19, 17783:July 1, 17751:July 1, 17699:July 1, 17671:July 1, 17641:July 1, 17524:May 28, 16761:May 31, 16440:, Inc. 15899:May 31, 15830:May 31, 15792:May 31, 15718:May 31, 15278:May 11, 15236:May 11, 15198:May 31, 15160:May 31, 14024:Chinese 12293:wdl.org 11996:2120553 11408:May 31, 10736:: 104. 10705:May 15, 10213:May 31, 10175:May 31, 10059:2116721 10014:2117209 9375:May 12, 9301:May 23, 9029:freedom 8972:May 31, 8088: 8085: 8046: 8043: 8015: 7974: 7921:Lincoln 7910: 7868: 7852: 7833: 7830: 7814:Germany 7802: 7781: 7778: 7750: 7729: 7688: 7632: 7602:Beloved 7593: 7590: 7560:Amistad 7427: 7415:Chomsky 7370: 7296: 7293: 7224: 7203: 7200: 7161: 7158: 7073:Author 6794:Taubira 6591:Liberia 6487:in the 5943:fishing 5927:torture 5849:Samsung 5825:Inditex 5821:H&M 5565:Bukhara 5553:Persian 5446:Central 5444:), and 5442:Tartars 5432:), the 5378:caravan 5324:"GULAG" 5253:: 5242:Russian 5234:Kremlin 5140:kholops 5136:Muscovy 5044:Córdoba 5038:caliph 5036:Almohad 4912:English 4902:Bristol 4898:Chester 4884:'s and 4852:Tartary 4840:Central 4798:Serfdom 4704:); the 4606:Oceania 4559:by the 4553:Malabar 4423:yangban 4378:Kisaeng 4284:Chinese 4280:jianmin 4240:Marquis 4162:in 2018 4142:Alabama 4138:Georgia 4120:to the 4059:Britain 4017:hanging 3877:aborted 3813:in 1791 3722:, 1839. 3664:Marrons 3653:Maroons 3619:African 3617:, with 3607:English 3445:Spanish 3367:Tlingit 3349:and by 3264:Dahomey 3258:), the 3233:Swahili 3229:Red Sea 3183:kinship 3102:Algiers 3094:Algiers 2916:Ferrara 2900:retinue 2889:Songhai 2797:History 2704:kisaeng 2545:serfdom 2506:and by 2497:slavery 2462:slavery 2365:serfdom 2328:slavery 2244:in Oman 2196:in 1888 2145:Georgia 2087:skyleúō 2081:skūleúō 2075:σκυλεύω 2044:sclāvus 2022:σκλάβος 1977:sklábos 1971:σκλάβος 1962:esclave 1912:of the 1841:poverty 1795:is the 1793:Slavery 1723:Lincoln 1591:Related 1491:Liberia 1377:Judaism 1315:Tunisia 1290:Morocco 1280:Lebanon 1245:Bahrain 1240:Algeria 1208:Romania 1173:Denmark 1166:Slavery 1100:Vietnam 771:Somalia 761:Nigeria 736:Comoros 664:Pirates 573:Ghilman 506:Bristol 396:history 369:pirates 258:History 147:Peonage 70:slavery 18:Slaving 35424:Monism 35419:Mohism 35371:Ionian 35337:Holism 35169:Taoism 35154:Shinto 35055:Baháʼí 34701:Styles 34679:ethics 34669:Rights 34617:public 34602:Maxims 34543:Honour 34492:Ethics 34408:Comedy 34398:Beauty 34326:Spirit 34258:Nature 34231:Matter 34186:Future 33968:Memory 33953:Gnosis 33890:Axioms 33820:animal 33701:Holism 33589:animal 33452:ritual 33432:Burial 33373:social 33278:forced 33169:values 33069:ethnic 32940:Belief 32917:Biases 32883:Umwelt 32568:Turkey 32545:Russia 32531:Norway 31913:Escape 31902:Warden 31703:Island 31399:Yoruba 31352:topics 31329:Israel 31274:Europe 31219:Ghana 31212:Africa 31050:Turkey 31025:Jordan 31008:Israel 30968:London 30938:Sweden 30928:Russia 30913:Poland 30908:Norway 30886:Blacks 30881:Greece 30864:France 30830:Blacks 30825:Europe 30789:Ndyuka 30779:Kwinti 30759:Guyana 30747:Ndyuka 30725:Raizal 30693:Brazil 30658:Yoruba 30643:Lumbee 30623:Fulani 30601:Gullah 30510:Mexico 30468:Canada 30443:Panama 30394:Belize 30303:Marron 30276:Cocolo 29983:France 29963:Belize 29958:Africa 29885:Income 29841:Middle 29834:Gentry 29698:Outlaw 29605:Petite 29592:Middle 29526:Landed 29511:Gentry 29444:Knight 29384:Priest 29379:Clergy 29342:Family 29280:Ruling 29229:collar 29186:Clique 28902:Status 28372:Layoff 27922:Crunch 27780:Europe 27770:Canada 27758:Europe 27364:Career 27205:Résumé 27080:Hiring 26988:Casual 26884:Sexual 26326:Slavic 26321:Romani 26316:Muslim 26289:Jewish 26236:Korean 26197:Asians 26169:Brazil 26152:Mexico 26142:Canada 26130:Turkey 26120:Israel 26083:Russia 26073:Poland 26058:France 26048:Europe 25967:Africa 25801:Patent 25781:Formal 25761:Covert 25737:Racism 25660:threat 25514:autism 25251:sexual 25241:racial 25124:Jewish 24981:Pogrom 24959:Chiefs 24949:Braves 24672:Uyghur 24647:Somali 24642:Slavic 24622:Romani 24617:Quebec 24612:Polish 24552:Korean 24513:Canada 24500:Indian 24485:Hazara 24460:Fulani 24371:France 24336:Afghan 24266:Sufism 23990:Audism 23923:Social 23852:Height 23690:Corvée 23632:(2008) 23624:(2002) 23616:(1867) 23608:(2008) 23600:(1931) 23592:(1847) 23584:(1783) 23510:(2008) 23502:(2003) 23483:(2022) 23475:(1859) 23467:(1858) 23448:(1853) 23430:Essays 23422:(2006) 23414:(1965) 23406:(1951) 23387:(2016) 23379:(2007) 23371:(2006) 23363:(2003) 23355:(2002) 23347:(2001) 23339:(1996) 23331:(1993) 23323:(1990) 23315:(1987) 23307:(1986) 23299:(1979) 23291:(1977) 23283:(1976) 23275:(1967) 23267:(1966) 23259:(1859) 23251:(1856) 23221:(1853) 23218:Clotel 23213:(1852) 23205:(1852) 23197:(1841) 23189:(1688) 23168:(2018) 23160:(1972) 23152:(1956) 23136:(1901) 23128:(1881) 23120:(1872) 23112:(1861) 23104:(1855) 23096:(1853) 23088:(1849) 23080:(1845) 23072:(1839) 23064:(1816) 23056:(1789) 22805:–1901) 22801:(1815 22723:(1834) 22605:Canada 22530:Europe 22387:Africa 22294:Modern 22151: 22125: 22104: 22068: 22029: 22005: 21980: 21955: 21930: 21902: 21877: 21854: 21846: 21836: 21786: 21757: 21732: 21690: 21665: 21638: 21599: 21591: 21560: 21536: 21512: 21487: 21466: 21445: 21420: 21392: 21363: 21311: 21303: 21253: 21232: 21203: 21195: 21166: 21128: 21107: 21076: 21048: 21020: 20995: 20970: 20945: 20916: 20892: 20867: 20842: 20821: 20796: 20771: 20746: 20718: 20692: 20684: 20674: 20635: 20584: 20574: 20549: 20532: 20492: 20449: 20439: 20409: 20381: 20353: 20325: 20287: 20262: 20231: 20195: 20172: 20139: 20131: 20086: 20061: 20038: 19997: 19951: 19900: 19869: 19843: 19820: 19783: 19754: 19725: 19685: 19622: 19612: 19587: 19559: 19537: 19446: 19411:494885 19409: 19347: 19339: 19298: 19232: 19181: 18794: 18784: 18648:UNESCO 18552: 18527: 18519: 18480: 18441: 18389: 18331: 18297: 18241: 18213: 17020: 16959: 16909: 16787:May 1, 16752: 16671: 16452: 16396: 16043: 15890: 15859: 15821: 15783: 15752: 15709: 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