51:
640:
411:. This financing was to pay for the cost of transporting immigrants, until the time when the funds from land sales was sufficient to cover the cost of transportation. Secondly, they were able to issue what was named "South Australian Colonial Revenue Securities", up to a sum of £200,000. This funding was a public debt on the colonial governance, which was to provide money for the operation of the settlement. It was to be repaid by the rates and taxes imposed on the colonists. The Commissioners were required to submit to Parliament once a year a full and detailed report of the proceedings in South Australia.
1257:
554:
uniform price per acre, but it would go to auction in the case of more than one potential buyer. Leases of up to three years could be granted "for pasturage" on unsold lands. All proceeds were to go to the
Emigration Fund, set up to help poorer people to migrate to the colony. These regulations were of great significance; the success of the
389:...that part of Australia which lies between the meridians of the one hundred and thirty-second and one hundred and forty-first degrees of east longitude, and between the southern ocean and the twenty-six degrees of south latitude, together with all and every the islands adjacent thereto, and the bays and gulphs
402:
The Act allowed for three or more appointed
Commissioners, called the "Colonization Commissioners for South Australia", to oversee the sale and leasing of land in South Australia to British subjects. The Commissioners were empowered by the Act in a number of areas. They were able to appoint officers,
394:
The money raised by the sale and leasing of land constituted what was called an
Emigration Fund which was to be applied to the cost of conveying further immigrants from Great Britain and Ireland, in equal proportions of men and women, under 30 years of age. The colony was to be convict-free. The Act
346:
The 1834 Act set out the conditions for the establishment of the
Province of South Australia, and granted authority for this to be done by the action of the King at a later date. By the means provided for in this Act, South Australia would become the only colony whose establishment was authorised by
433:
The Act further specified that the
Province was to be self-sufficient; £20,000 surety had to be raised and invested in the government securities or Exchequer bills, and £35,000 worth of land had to be sold in the new colony before any settlement was permitted. These conditions were fulfilled by the
553:
The Rules and
Regulations for the Disposal of Public Lands in His Majesty's Province of South Australia, authored by the South Australian Commission in the UK in 1835, stipulated that surveys were to be undertaken and maps to be made available prior to sale of the land. Land could be bought at a
322:
to establish a colony in
Australia which would be administered by those who were developing the land in the colony, with the sales of the land financing assistance to certain categories of emigrants to the colony. Not getting government approval for a chartered colony, supporters then formed the
367:
The Act recognised that these lands were inhabitable, and made provision for colonisation, government, and the funding of the new settlement on these lands. The Act states that the land specified by the Act is "waste" and "unoccupied". This statement was subsequently modified slightly by the
429:
The Act allowed for the liquidation of public land, if at the end of a ten-year period, the population of the province or provinces had not reached 20,000 "natural born
Subjects of His Majesty". This was to also repay any remaining debts of the South Australian Public Lands Securities.
358:
signed the
Letters Patent, signalling the final action needed to establish the Province under this Act. This Act and the Letters Patent together achieved the founding of the colony, but with Wakefield's original plan failing to provide effective governance, having brought the colony to
606:
The Order-in-Council of 23 February 1836 (UK) established the legislative body to govern the new colony. It established a governing
Council comprising the Governor, Chief Justice, Colonial Secretary, Advocate-General and the Resident Commissioner. The Council had broad legislative and
395:
specified that those immigrating to South Australia, under the Emigration Fund, should be a married couple under the age of thirty, and that they both, along with any children they had, must immigrate to South Australia. The Act also specifically forbade the transportation of
739:, which had been established by a Commission from Queen Victoria on 14 January 1840, took over its functions, but the amalgamation of the South Australian Colonization Commission with this body was not completed until early 1843. With the enactment of the
1339:
The transcript as of 6 November 2019 misspells "colonization" as "colonisation" in the long name (as per the long name of the title in the actual document). Throughout the rest of the document, both transcript and original, it is spelt with a
704:
On 31 July 1838, the changes were brought into law by "An Act to amend an Act of the fourth and fifth years of his late majesty empowering his majesty to erect South Australia into a British province or provinces" (short name ascribed by the
414:
The Act authorised the appointment of trustees, who would oversee a guarantee against the expense of settling South Australia, purchased out of the funds raised as South Australian Colonial Revenue Securities. This guarantee could be either
592:
to formally seek the approval to establish the Province of South Australia. The main change was to amend the wording in the 1834 document which referred to the land as "unoccupied", and offer recognition of the rights of the
510:, and the Resident Commissioner, who reported to the Colonisation Commissioners and who was responsible for the survey and sale of land as well as for organising migration and funding. The first Resident Commissioner was
403:
delegate responsibilities, and make payment for the services provided. They were empowered to seek financing for the costs of starting the settlement. One method specifically prescribed in the Act was for the issuing of
587:
erecting and establishing the Province of South Australia and fixing the boundaries thereof", short name Letters Patent establishing the Province of South Australia, dated 19 February 1836, was presented to King
272:
The full name of the act was "An Act to empower His Majesty to erect South Australia into a British Province or Provinces and to provide for the Colonization and Government thereof". Its chapter number is
1391:
The Statutes of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, 2 and 3 Victoria, 1839 (Classic Reprint): Volumes 32-33 of The Statutes of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Great Britain
459:
to oversee its implementation: with thirteen members based in London, and a Resident Commissioner appointed by the board and stationed in the colony. Those first appointed, on 5 May 1835, were Colonel
1448:
407:
under the seal of the Commissioners in two separate and distinct areas. Firstly, they were able to issue what was named "South Australia public lands securities" up to a sum of 50,000
1213:
An act to amend an act of the fourth and fifth years of His Majesty, empowering His Majesty to erect South Australia into a British province or provinces : 31st July 1838
450:
868:
An Act to empower His Majesty to erect South Australia into a British province or provinces, and to provide for the colonization and government thereof: 15th August 1834
567:
369:
327:
in 1834, with a similar aim. Finally this resulted in the passage of the 1834 Act, although the provisions did not quite match up to those of their original scheme. The
391:". However, the Act gave control of the new colony to the Colonial Office as well as the Commissioners, which led to tension between the two and caused problems later.
730:
657:
An act to amend an act of the fourth and fifth years of his late majesty empowering his majesty to erect South Australia into a British province or provinces.
717:
c. 60. This amendment to the original Act increased the governor's power, combining his office with that of the Resident Commissioner. (This office fell to
68:
An Act to empower His Majesty to erect South Australia into a British Province or Provinces and to provide for the Colonization and Government thereof.
1428:
1278:
1319:
Note: This ref is added for completeness, but as of October 2020, the end date it gives doesn't accord with the other sources. To be investigated.
1438:
17:
990:
Founder of a city: the life of Colonel William Light, first Surveyor-General of the colony of South Australia, founder of Adelaide, 1786-1839
1433:
974:
351:, and also incorporated unique features such as the requirement that it would be settled and developed at no cost to the United Kingdom.
611:, including setting rates, duties, and taxes. However only the Governor could propose laws, and these had to be approved by the King.
1077:
231:, provided formal instructions for the establishment of the colony and, significantly, included acknowledgement of the rights of the
1453:
920:
480:
456:
197:
314:(1829), had led a campaign to persuade the British government to help to bring about Wakefield's colonisation scheme. In 1831 the
756:
736:
257:
28:
662:
73:
426:
The Act provided for the establishment of local government, specifying that the local population should exceed 50,000 people.
997:
558:
to populate and fund the new Province hinged on land development, so land law and regulations governing it were fundamental.
521:
441:
per English acre, and for the selling price of land to be an equal price per acre, irrespective of the quality of the land.
249:
1364:
217:
488:
1399:
536:, including choosing the site for the capital city. However, the Act did not make clear the powers of the Commission
1354:
1242:
1085:
644:
584:
379:
The Act specifically provided for a limited independence of Government, whereby all laws made by the government in
170:
55:
1303:
464:
332:
706:
315:
1234:
256:
form of government. The Commission was abolished in 1842 and its functions continued from early 1843 by the
1423:
951:"[Transcript of Letters Patent establishing the Province of South Australia 19 February 1836 (UK)]"
324:
232:
1116:
was Deputy Chairman, but as yet no other source found to confirm this, so left out of the article for now.
1304:"Libraries Australia Authorities - Full view [Heading: South Australian Colonization Commission]"
499:
245:
950:
840:
1443:
1107:
460:
281:, in the session of Parliament that started in the fourth year of his reign and finished in the fifth.
597:" to live unhindered within the lands of the Province of South Australia. The first migrant ship, the
359:
near-bankruptcy, a second Act was enacted in 1842 to bring the colony under direct rule of the Crown.
1044:
1021:
472:
141:
594:
240:
127:
890:
484:
307:
1130:"South Australian Commission Land Sale Regulations 1835 (issued by the Commissioners in the UK)"
373:
340:
291:
were the official short titles of the Act, which is also referred to in the literature as the
652:
420:
213:
63:
1368:
173:
which provided for the settlement of a province or multiple provinces on the lands between
8:
928:
735:
The South Australian Colonization Commission was abolished between 1840 and 1842 and the
533:
511:
186:
178:
174:
1372:
761:
451:
British colonisation of South Australia § South Australian Colonization Commission
336:
328:
1395:
1156:
1101:
993:
598:
476:
468:
348:
166:
1129:
797:
731:
British colonisation of South Australia § Demise of the Colonization Commission
577:
555:
384:
274:
209:
154:
78:
1184:
1389:
1359:
608:
492:
387:
in the United Kingdom. The Act defined the province of South Australia as being "
380:
200:
allowing for three or more appointed commissioners (board members), known as the
714:
667:
573:
525:
503:
438:
408:
404:
261:
182:
1261:
891:"South Australian Colonization Act and other related constitutional documents"
1417:
1016:
718:
529:
517:
319:
303:
1025:. Vol. XXII, no. 3509. South Australia. 5 January 1858. p. 3
744:
680:
244:, which instituted a different form of government for the colony, with the
91:
1211:
866:
1363:
being Latin for "southern land"), even though its territory was not the
1265:
532:
Surveyor-General. The Commission was responsible for land sales and for
1113:
589:
355:
278:
221:
743:, the British Government assumed full control of South Australia as a
507:
434:
close of 1835. The Act specifies the minimum price of land at twelve
339:, has been credited with securing the passage of the Act through the
253:
1350:
435:
416:
1449:
Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom concerning Australia
396:
1185:"Order-in-Council Establishing Government 23 February 1836 (UK)"
208:, to oversee the sale and leasing of land in South Australia to
193:
122:
580:
clarified further how the new Province was to be established.
561:
277:. c. 95, meaning the 95th act that was passed in the reign of
1260:
Text was copied from this source, which is available under a
1256:
568:
Letters Patent establishing the Province of South Australia
444:
370:
Letters Patent establishing the Province of South Australia
252:, and established a commission to lay the foundations of a
189:
latitude, including the islands adjacent to the coastline.
372:
in 1836, which acknowledged some rights and occupation by
212:. This Board was to be represented in the new colony by a
846:. Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House
804:. Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House
798:"South Australia Act, or Foundation Act, of 1834 (UK)"
455:
Under the Act, the British government appointed the
227:
In 1838, an amendment, which was referred to as the
1051:. State Library of South Australia. 5 February 2015
835:
833:
831:
829:
827:
825:
823:
821:
819:
540:the Governor, which led to discord for some years.
260:, which had been established by a Commission from
423:in England. The amount was specified as £20,000.
1415:
1235:"The Colonial Land and Emigration Commissioners"
1216:, Printed by George Eyre and Andrew Spottiswoode
871:, Printed by George Eyre and Andrew Spottiswoode
816:
1349:The actual name of the colony, and its capital
202:Colonization Commissioners for South Australia
1209:
864:
841:"Transcript of the South Australia Act, 1834"
1394:. Fb&c Limited. 1838. pp. 835–837.
603:, set sail for the colony three days later.
1148:
1017:"Majority of the Colony of South Australia"
1011:
1009:
562:Letters Patent and Order-in-Council of 1836
498:Administrative power was divided between a
224:Agent and various other colonial officers.
1262:Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
1078:"South Australian Colonization Commission"
1033:– via National Library of Australia.
921:"History of Adelaide Through Street Names"
802:Documenting a Democracy: Australia'a Story
792:
790:
788:
786:
784:
782:
235:in the area to be proclaimed as a colony.
1353:, were given later. South Australia is a
981:
1429:Courts and tribunals established in 1834
1072:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1006:
457:South Australian Colonization Commission
445:South Australian Colonization Commission
198:South Australian Colonization Commission
1124:
1122:
888:
779:
757:British colonisation of South Australia
737:Colonial Land and Emigration Commission
258:Colonial Land and Emigration Commission
29:British colonisation of South Australia
14:
1439:United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1834
1416:
1179:
1177:
987:
614:
1063:
142:Text of statute as originally enacted
1154:
1119:
977:. Geoscience Australia. 15 May 2014.
491:, and John Wright, representing the
467:(Secretary), G. Barnes (Treasurer),
1434:History of immigration to Australia
1408:South Australia Government Act 1838
1227:
1174:
711:South Australia Government Act 1838
628:South Australia Government Act 1838
229:South Australia Government Act 1838
117:South Australia Government Act 1838
24:
1382:
925:History of South Australia website
882:
25:
1465:
992:( ed.). Rigby. p. 148.
293:South Australian Colonization Act
163:South Australian Colonization Act
1283:State Records of South Australia
1255:
1243:Australian Research Data Commons
1086:History Trust of South Australia
645:Parliament of the United Kingdom
638:
585:Great Seal of the United Kingdom
481:William Alexander Mackinnon M.P.
171:Parliament of the United Kingdom
56:Parliament of the United Kingdom
49:
1454:19th century in South Australia
1296:
1271:
1203:
1155:Paul, Mandy (9 December 2013).
1037:
267:
1343:
1333:
1189:Museum of Australian Democracy
1134:Museum of Australian Democracy
967:
943:
913:
858:
583:The "Letters Patent under the
543:
18:South Australia Foundation Act
13:
1:
767:
707:National Library of Australia
548:
335:and statesman, and victor at
316:South Australian Land Company
298:
1279:"Colonization Commissioners"
1045:"Foundation of the Province"
772:
619:
383:were to be presented to the
325:South Australian Association
318:(SALC), which lobbied for a
248:presiding over an appointed
238:The Act was repealed by the
7:
750:
528:was appointed Governor and
181:longitude, and between the
10:
1470:
728:
624:United Kingdom legislation
565:
448:
362:
206:Colonisation Commissioners
35:United Kingdom legislation
26:
1191:. Documenting a democracy
1136:. Documenting a democracy
1082:Bound for South Australia
1022:South Australian Register
988:Dutton, Geoffrey (1984).
975:"Continental extremities"
724:
694:
689:
679:
674:
661:
651:
637:
632:
140:
133:
121:
113:
108:
100:
90:
85:
72:
62:
48:
43:
1326:
1084:. Creative Commons 3.0.
741:South Australia Act 1842
698:South Australia Act 1834
285:South Australia Act 1834
241:South Australia Act 1842
151:South Australia Act 1834
128:South Australia Act 1842
39:South Australia Act 1834
1410:, 1 & 2 Vic, c. 60)
1355:tautological place name
1239:Research Data Australia
1112:Note: This source says
762:Terra nullius#Australia
721:from 17 October 1838).
485:Jacob Barrow Montefiore
308:Edward Gibbon Wakefield
1210:Great Britain (1838),
1106:: CS1 maint: others (
889:Fischer, G.L. (1966).
865:Great Britain (1838),
354:In February 1836 King
161:and also known as the
729:Further information:
449:Further information:
421:government securities
419:(banknotes) or other
214:Resident Commissioner
1369:Australian continent
909:– via Austlii.
489:Lt Col George Palmer
399:to South Australia.
264:on 14 January 1840.
196:-based Board of the
1424:1834 in British law
1308:Libraries Australia
895:Adelaide Law Review
629:
615:Legislative history
524:to the Commission,
512:James Hurtle Fisher
289:Foundation Act 1834
250:Legislative Council
179:141 degrees of east
159:Foundation Act 1834
40:
1373:mainland Australia
1088:. 11 February 2011
627:
595:Aboriginal Natives
522:Colonial Secretary
506:, who represented
477:J. G. Shaw-Lefevre
471:, Edward Barnard,
329:Duke of Wellington
312:Letter from Sydney
233:Indigenous peoples
38:
1444:1834 in Australia
1365:southernmost part
999:978-0-7270-1913-4
702:
701:
690:Other legislation
633:Act of Parliament
469:George Fife Angas
374:Aboriginal people
349:Act of Parliament
306:, who had edited
275:4 & 5 Will. 4
192:It also set up a
155:4 & 5 Will. 4
147:
146:
109:Other legislation
79:4 & 5 Will. 4
44:Act of Parliament
16:(Redirected from
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1405:
1376:
1347:
1341:
1337:
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1318:
1316:
1314:
1300:
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1221:
1207:
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1157:"Letters Patent"
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1143:
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1013:
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979:
978:
971:
965:
964:
962:
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955:
947:
941:
940:
938:
936:
927:. Archived from
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911:
910:
908:
906:
886:
880:
879:
878:
876:
862:
856:
855:
853:
851:
845:
837:
814:
813:
811:
809:
794:
642:
641:
630:
626:
609:executive powers
578:Order-in-Council
556:Wakefield scheme
483:, Samuel Mills,
218:Surveyor-General
210:British subjects
187:26 degrees south
175:132 degrees east
135:Status: Repealed
53:
52:
41:
37:
21:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1463:
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1460:
1459:
1458:
1414:
1413:
1402:
1388:
1385:
1383:Further reading
1380:
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1338:
1334:
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1208:
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1194:
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1183:
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1175:
1165:
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1153:
1149:
1139:
1137:
1128:
1127:
1120:
1099:
1098:
1091:
1089:
1076:
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1064:
1054:
1052:
1043:
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1038:
1028:
1026:
1015:
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982:
973:
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968:
958:
956:
953:
949:
948:
944:
934:
932:
931:on 14 June 2008
919:
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914:
904:
902:
887:
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872:
863:
859:
849:
847:
843:
839:
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807:
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796:
795:
780:
775:
770:
753:
733:
727:
715:1 & 2 Vict.
668:1 & 2 Vict.
647:
639:
625:
622:
617:
570:
564:
551:
546:
493:Colonial Office
453:
447:
417:Exchequer bills
385:King-in-Council
381:South Australia
365:
301:
270:
136:
58:
50:
36:
31:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1467:
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1325:
1322:
1321:
1295:
1270:
1226:
1202:
1173:
1147:
1118:
1062:
1036:
1005:
998:
980:
966:
942:
912:
881:
857:
815:
777:
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771:
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766:
765:
764:
759:
752:
749:
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723:
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677:
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665:
659:
658:
655:
649:
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643:
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634:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
574:Letters Patent
566:Main article:
563:
560:
550:
547:
545:
542:
534:land surveying
526:John Hindmarsh
504:John Hindmarsh
461:Robert Torrens
446:
443:
364:
361:
341:House of Lords
300:
297:
269:
266:
262:Queen Victoria
183:Southern Ocean
145:
144:
138:
137:
134:
131:
130:
125:
119:
118:
115:
111:
110:
106:
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98:
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96:15 August 1834
94:
88:
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83:
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76:
70:
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66:
60:
59:
54:
46:
45:
34:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1466:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
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1427:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1409:
1403:
1401:9781010593102
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1392:
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1356:
1352:
1346:
1336:
1332:
1309:
1305:
1299:
1284:
1280:
1274:
1267:
1264:licence (see
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1258:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1230:
1215:
1214:
1206:
1190:
1186:
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1115:
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1087:
1083:
1079:
1073:
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1067:
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991:
984:
976:
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946:
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916:
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763:
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254:democratic
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