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also inherited the form from the
Sassanids, where squinches were widely employed in buildings of all kinds. They are heavily featured in surviving or ruined medieval Christian churches of the region. An alternative approach to the structural problem of translating square space to round superstructure
154:
that surmounts a square-plan chamber. Squinches are placed to diagonally span each upper corner where the walls meet. Constructed from masonry, they have several forms, including: a graduated series of stepped arches; a hollow, open half-cone (like a funnel) laid horizontally; or a small
159:
niche. They are designed to spread the load of a dome to the intersecting walls on which they are built. By bridging corners, they also visually transition an angular space to a round or near-circular zone.
167:
of
Ancient Persia, remaining in use across Central and West Asia into modern times. From its pre-Islamic origin, it developed into an influential structure for Islamic architecture.
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180:, much used in late Roman Empire and Byzantine architecture. Domes built in the Roman-influenced world utilised separately-evolved construction methods.
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217:, Iran, is the earliest surviving example of the use of the squinch. After the rise of Islam, it remained a feature of
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Labisi, Giuseppe (2 July 2020). "Squinches and Semi-domes between the Late
Sasanian and Early Islamic Periods".
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A Survey and Forms
Catalogue for Dome and Transitional Element Usage in the Early Ottoman Architecture
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362:. Vol. 26, no. 143. London: Burlington Magazine Publications, Ltd. pp. 208–213.
341:. Vol. 26, no. 142. London: Burlington Magazine Publications, Ltd. pp. 146–155.
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502:"Revisiting the Geometry of the Transition Zone Using Filposh Squinches in Ardeshir Palace"
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425:. Vol. VII (Online ed.). Encyclopaedia Iranica Foundation. Fasc. 5, pp.
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485:. Vol. II (Online ed.). Encyclopaedia Iranica Foundation. Fasc. 3, pp.
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This article is about an architectural feature. For square-inch analysis, see
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605:. College Art Association of America by Pennsylvania State University Press.
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261:, in Sicily. This has three domes, each supported by four doubled squinches.
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is a structural element used to support the base of a circular or octagonal
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446:. Against Gravity: Building Practices in the Pre-industrial World.
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features both squinches and pendentives, in combination.
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Webster's Ninth New
Collegiate Dictionary, 1986, p. 1145
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It spread to the
Romanesque architecture of western
463:. Domes in the World Congress, Florence March 2012.
58:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
500:Golzari, Elaheh; Rabb, Péter (26 September 2022).
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602:Sarvistan: A study in early Iranian architecture
443:The Squinch in the Architecture of the Caucasus
257:, one example being the Normans' 12th-century
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16:Architectural element used to support a dome
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356:"Persian Domes Before 1400 AD: Conclusion"
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118:Learn how and when to remove this message
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360:The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs
339:The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs
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627:. Abrahamic History & Archaeology.
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354:Cresswell, K. A. C. (February 1915).
269:The word may possibly originate, the
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333:Cresswell, K. A. C. (January 1915).
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299:History of Roman and Byzantine domes
229:stalactite-like structures known as
56:adding citations to reliable sources
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479:"Architecture iii. Sasanian Period"
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1709:Influences on Western architecture
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294:History of early and simple domes
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1678:Aga Khan Award for Architecture
275:suggests, from the French word
134:Squinches supporting a dome in
43:needs additional citations for
1907:Islamic architectural elements
567:"squinch, noun (Architecture)"
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477:Huff, D. (15 December 1986) .
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335:"Persian Domes Before 1400 AD"
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259:church of San Cataldo, Palermo
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398:10.1080/05786967.2019.1633241
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1845:. You can help Knowledge by
1770:Sudano-Sahelian architecture
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163:Squinches originated in the
138:, Armenia, early 8th century
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1912:Architectural element stubs
457:Kula, Seda (January 2012).
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225:, and was often covered by
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1138:Islamic geometric patterns
547:Oxford Living Dictionaries
506:Építés - Építészettudomány
440:Khoshtaria, David (2015).
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289:History of Persian domes
213:, the Sassanid king, in
209:The dome chamber in the
1799:Architecture portal
239:Romanesque architecture
1902:Architectural elements
1841:–related article is a
1704:Indo-Saracenic Revival
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1839:architectural element
1441:Congregational mosque
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599:Bier, Lionel (1986).
483:Encyclopaedia Iranica
423:Encyclopaedia Iranica
417:(15 December 1995) .
233:. It was used in the
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1765:Ottoman architecture
1755:Moorish architecture
1750:Islamic architecture
1745:Iranian architecture
1168:Sebka (Darj-wa-ktaf)
1022:(or müezzin mahfili)
682:Islamic architecture
647:at Wikimedia Commons
621:"Palace of Ardashir"
219:Islamic architecture
52:improve this article
21:Square-inch analysis
1802: •
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1775:Yemeni architecture
1760:Mughal architecture
1740:Berber architecture
1735:Arabic architecture
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1133:Islamic calligraphy
1476:Kuttab (or maktab)
543:"squinch (1) noun"
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549:. Archived from
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41:This article
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1847:expanding it
1836:
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1787:Islamic arts
1567:Caravanserai
1092:
1046:Loudspeakers
971:Persian dome
937:
933:Pointed arch
731:Indo-Islamic
721:Great Seljuk
624:
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575:. Retrieved
570:
555:. Retrieved
551:the original
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50:Please help
45:verification
42:
25:
1414:Windcatcher
1395:(courtyard)
1148:Mosque lamp
1128:Girih tiles
1085:Decorations
963:Arabic dome
235:Middle East
205:Middle East
1886:Categories
1697:Influences
1612:Well house
1383:Mashrabiya
1031:Hussainiya
967:Onion dome
758:Indonesian
746:Qutb Shahi
577:24 October
305:References
178:pendentive
108:April 2020
78:newspapers
1671:Resources
1434:Religious
1404:Shabestan
1362:Hypostyle
1344:Shadirvan
1113:Arabesque
1036:Imamzadeh
1001:Religious
981:Semi-dome
928:Ogee arch
897:Chahartaq
860:Materials
787:Almoravid
762:Malaysian
645:Squinches
526:1588-2764
277:escoinson
265:Etymology
227:corbelled
215:Firuzabad
157:half-dome
67:"Squinch"
1785:Part of
1621:Military
1557:Baradari
1550:Civilian
1373:Jharokha
1334:Mechouar
1271:Charbagh
1214:Andaruni
1188:Socarrat
1153:Muqarnas
1051:Maqsurah
943:Vaulting
872:Tadelakt
853:Elements
802:Zayyanid
782:Aghlabid
557:11 March
489:329–334.
429:479–485.
283:See also
231:muqarnas
1719:Mudéjar
1683:ArchNet
1633:Alcázar
1506:Musalla
1491:Maqbara
1481:Madrasa
1471:Külliye
1466:Khanqah
1456:Gongbei
1355:cooling
1353:Passive
1319:Chhatri
1312:objects
1310:Outdoor
1259:Gardens
1235:Mirador
1173:Shabaka
1163:Qashani
1118:Banna'i
1061:Minaret
1003:objects
993:(eaves)
991:Chhajja
938:Squinch
839:Umayyad
834:Timurid
824:Swahili
809:Ottoman
792:Almohad
777:Moorish
767:Iranian
736:Bengali
716:Fatimid
711:Chinese
706:Ayyubid
696:Abbasid
419:"Domes"
200:History
176:is the
173:Armenia
169:Georgia
148:squinch
92:scholar
1643:Kasbah
1592:Kasbah
1582:Hammam
1577:Ghorfa
1562:Bazaar
1541:Zawiya
1530:takyeh
1501:Mosque
1451:Dargah
1378:Kucheh
1324:Eidgah
1250:Zenana
1198:Zellij
1183:Sitara
1178:Shamsa
1066:Minbar
1056:Mihrab
1041:Kiswah
1026:Gonbad
890:Arches
844:Yemeni
814:Somali
797:Hafsid
772:Mamluk
751:Mughal
741:Deccan
689:Styles
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573:. 2015
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368:859962
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347:859853
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255:Europe
195:, Iran
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1892:Domes
1837:This
1658:Ribat
1653:Qalat
1638:Amsar
1597:Mahal
1536:Türbe
1526:Takya
1521:Surau
1516:Rauza
1511:Qubba
1496:Mazar
1486:Maqam
1427:Types
1339:Sebil
1229:Liwan
1219:Harem
1207:Rooms
1123:Girih
1108:Alfiz
1102:Ablaq
1076:Zarih
1071:Qibla
1020:Dikka
1015:Bedug
1010:Anaza
986:Tajug
952:Roofs
867:Qadad
829:Tatar
726:Hausa
364:JSTOR
343:JSTOR
99:JSTOR
85:books
1843:stub
1648:Ksar
1607:Souq
1528:(or
1393:Sahn
1367:Howz
1329:Fina
1301:Riad
1266:Bagh
1245:Qa’a
1240:Hosh
1224:Iwan
1143:Jali
959:Dome
607:ISBN
579:2015
559:2018
522:ISSN
386:Iran
223:Iran
171:and
152:dome
146:, a
71:news
514:doi
394:doi
191:in
142:In
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