57:
1500:"that every Person do sell and buy by the Balance, so that the Balance be even, and the Woolls and other Merchandizes evenly weighed by the right Weight, so that the Sack of Wooll weigh no more but 26 Stones, and every Stone to weigh 14 l. and that the Beam of the Balance do not bow more to the one Part than to the other; (3) and that the Weight be according to the Standard of the Exchequer. (4) And if any Buyer do the contrary, he shall be grievously punished, as well at the Suit of the Party, as at the Suit of our Lord the King."
725:
600:, also standardised in 1661, was 16 tron pounds (22 lb 1 oz avoirdupois or 9.996 kg). In 1789 an encyclopedic enumeration of measurements was printed for the use of "his Majesty's Sheriffs and Stewards Depute, and Justices of Peace, ... and to the Magistrates of the Royal Boroughs of Scotland" and provided a county-by-county and commodity-by-commodity breakdown of values and conversions for the stone and other measures. The Scots stone ceased to be used for trade when the
188:
267:, consolidated the weights and measures legislation of several centuries into a single document. It revoked the provision that bales of wool should be made up of 20 stones, each of 14 pounds, but made no provision for the continued use of the stone. Ten years later, a stone still varied from 5 pounds (glass) to 8 pounds (meat and fish) to 14 pounds (wool and "horseman's weight"). The
761:) were used in many northwestern European countries. Its value, usually between 3 and 10 kg, varied from city to city and sometimes from commodity to commodity. The number of local "pounds" in a stone also varied from city to city. During the early 19th century, states such as the Netherlands (including Belgium) and the South Western German states, which had redefined their system of measures using the
176:
670:, passed in compliance with EU directive 80/181/EEC, the stone was removed from the list of units permitted for trade in the United Kingdom. In 1983, in response to the same directive, similar legislation was passed in Ireland. The act repealed earlier acts that defined the stone as a unit of measure for trade. (British law had previously been silent regarding other uses of the stone.)
721:. Even though all the weights and measures in use in the United States at the time were derived from English weights and measures, his report made no mention of the stone being used. He did, however, propose a decimal system of weights in which his " pound" would have been 9.375 ounces (265.8 g) and the " stone" would have been 5.8595 pounds (2.6578 kg).
673:
The stone remains widely used in the United
Kingdom and Ireland for human body weight: in those countries people may commonly be said to weigh, e.g., "11 stone 4" (11 stones and 4 pounds), rather than "72 kilograms" as in most of the other countries, or "158 pounds", the
271:
permitted using a stone of 14 pounds for trade but other values remained in use. James
Britten, in 1880 for example, catalogued a number of different values of the stone in various British towns and cities, ranging from 4 lb to 26 lb. The value of the stone and associated units of
510:
In
England, merchants traditionally sold potatoes in half-stone increments of 7 pounds. Live animals were weighed in stones of 14 lb; but, once slaughtered, their carcasses were weighed in stones of 8 lb. Thus, if the animal's carcass accounted for
591:
was equal to 16 Scottish pounds (17 lb 8 oz avoirdupois or 7.936 kg). In 1661, the Royal
Commission of Scotland recommended that the Troy stone be used as a standard of weight and that it be kept in the custody of the burgh of
714:
1809:, vol. I: From Magna Charta to the End of the Reign of King Henry the Sixth. To which is prefixed, A Table of the Titles of all the Publick and Private Statutes during that Time, London: Mark Basket for the Crown, pp.
647:, on behalf of the government, agreed to support a ten-year metrication programme. There would be minimal legislation, as the programme was to be voluntary and costs were to be borne where they fell. Under the guidance of the
734:
659:
for "economic, public health, public safety or administrative purposes", though its use as a "supplementary unit" was permitted. The scope of the directive was extended to include all aspects of the
485:
251:
STONE also denotes a certain quantity or weight of some commodities. A stone of beef, in London, is the quantity of eight pounds; in
Hertfordshire, twelve pounds; in Scotland sixteen pounds.
2172:"Council Directive 80/181/EEC of 20 December 1979 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to Unit of measurement and on the repeal of Directive 71/354/EEC"
2150:"Council Directive 80/181/EEC of 20 December 1979 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to Unit of measurement and on the repeal of Directive 71/354/EEC"
2538:
1578:
Re-determination of the values of the imperial standard pound and of its parliamentary copies in terms of the international kilogramme during the years 1960 and 1961
217:), a large and a small". There was no standardised "stone" in the ancient Jewish world, but in Roman times stone weights were crafted to multiples of the
693:
In many sports in both the UK and
Ireland, such as professional boxing, wrestling, and horse racing, the stone is used to express body weights.
2312:
1756:
1536:
264:
211:
against the carrying of "diverse weights, a large and a small" is more literally translated as "you shall not carry a stone and a stone (
2356:
608:. c. 74) established a uniform system of measure across the whole of the United Kingdom, which at that time included all of Ireland.
2520:
652:
3105:
666:
With the adoption of metric units by the agricultural sector, the stone was, in practice, no longer used for trade; and, in the
2233:
1630:
The
Pictorial Bible; being the Old and New Testaments according to the Authorised Version ... to which are added Original Notes
1480:
1559:
17:
1663:
Kisch, Bruno (1956). "Two
Remarkable Roman Stone Weights in the Edward C. Streeter Collection at the Yale Medical Library".
1487:
in 1963. Prior to that agreement, various minor differences existed between national standards and their conversions to the
1616:
2171:
521:
of the animal's weight, the butcher could return the dressed carcasses to the animal's owner stone for stone, keeping the
477:
issued a new statute defining the stone weight, to be used for wool and "other
Merchandizes", at 14 pounds, reaffirmed by
705:
was varied. In Canada for example, it never had a legal status. Shortly after the United States declared independence,
616:
Before the early 19th century, as in
England, the stone varied both with locality and with commodity. For example, the
207:
The name "stone" derives from the historical use of stones for weights, a practice that dates back into antiquity. The
2054:
1781:
3074:
2433:
Vollständiges Taschenbuch der Mßnz-, Maass- und Gewichts-Verhältnisse [etc.] aller Länder und Handelsplätze
2278:
1604:
660:
627:. The most usual value was 14 pounds. Among the oddities related to the use of the stone was the practice in
272:
measure that were legalised for purposes of trade were clarified by the Weights and Measures Act 1835 as follows:
2149:
2360:. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 958â960, see page 958, end of first para.
640:
395:
391:
79:
651:, the agricultural product markets achieved a voluntary switchover by 1976. The stone was not included in the
1937:
1863:
846:
718:
667:
601:
268:
256:
2268:
Christine Hopkins, Ann Pope, Sandy Pepperell (2013). "Understanding Primary Mathematics". p. 195. Routledge.
167:, Europe's various "stones" were superseded by or adapted to the kilogram from the mid-19th century onward.
2513:
3079:
2465:
Vollständiges tasehenbuch der Mßnz-, Maass- und Gewichts-Verhältnisse etc. aller Länder und Handelsplätze
1454:
656:
159:
formerly used various standardised "stones" for trade, with their values ranging from about 5 to 40
2311:. Forty-second National Conference on Weights and Measures. Washington DC: US Department of Commerce â
1755:. Forty-second National Conference on Weights and Measures. Washington DC: US Department of Commerce â
1412:
1710:
243:
3069:
674:
conventional way of expressing the same weight in the US and in Canada. The invariant plural form of
531:
399:
2117:. London: Department of Trade and Industry Consumer and Competition Policy Directorate. para 42â455.
682:(as in, "11 stone" or "12 stone 6 pounds"); in other contexts, the correct plural is
2134:. London: Department of Trade and Industry Consumer and Competition Policy Directorate. Appendix A.
764:
2384:
3110:
2506:
2304:
2077:
1748:
1730:
56:
3100:
2945:
2031:
A Proposal for Uniformity of Weights and Measures in Scotland by Execution of Laws Now in Force
39:
2095:
1810:
1645:
1628:
526:
2557:
2328:"Plan for Establishing Uniformity in the Coinage, Weights, and Measures of the United States"
2029:
1771:
1540:
529:
continued to use the 8 lb stone for meat until shortly before the Second World War. The
474:
2470:
Comprehensive pocketbook of money, weights and measures for all counties and trading centres
2438:
Comprehensive pocketbook of money, weights and measures for all counties and trading centres
769:
as a reference for weight (mass), also redefined their stone to align it with the kilogram.
2961:
2008:
SCAN Weights and Measures Guide: Background information about Scottish weights and measures
1982:
SCAN Weights and Measures Guide: Background information about Scottish weights and measures
728:
A depiction of a medieval German scale weighing bales of wool according to the local stone.
478:
410:
222:
141:(6.35 kg). The stone continues in customary use in the United Kingdom and Ireland for
66:
2490:
2485:
643:
informed the British government that its members favoured adopting the metric system. The
160:
8:
3062:
3016:
2986:
2362:
The " stone " has been a common measure of weight in north-western Europe. In Germany....
226:
2378:
2071:
1724:
686:(as in, "Please enter your weight in stones and pounds"). In Australia and New Zealand,
3057:
3047:
2327:
2228:
2191:
1919:
1911:
710:
152:
148:
2247:
2607:
2562:
2346:
2128:
2111:
2050:
1923:
1777:
1680:
648:
624:
1577:
631:
of a stone of potatoes being 16 lb in the summer and 18 lb in the winter.
163:(2.3 to 18.1 kg) depending on the location and objects weighed. With the advent of
2248:"S.I. No. 235/1983 â European Communities (Units of Measurement) Regulations, 1983"
2045:
Mairi Robinson, ed. (2005) . "Appendix â Scottish Currency, Weights and Measures".
1903:
1672:
1591:
706:
180:
1907:
484:
3001:
2463:
2431:
2100:. Vol. II. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. pp. 197â202al.
2003:
1804:
1563:
1415:(3.953 kg), was redefined as being 3 kg. In modern colloquial Dutch, a
754:
738:
156:
200:
30:
This article is about the European unit of mass. For Asian uses of 'stone', see
3031:
3006:
2966:
2899:
2858:
2808:
2529:
2341:
1960:
1484:
1450:
746:
724:
702:
644:
588:
127:
84:
35:
1556:
772:
This table shows a selection of stones from various northern European cities:
3094:
3052:
3011:
2976:
2914:
2828:
2632:
2627:
2351:
1977:
1800:
1488:
1446:
394:
varied by commodity and in practice varied according to local standards. The
387:
123:
2223:
1676:
2991:
2909:
2889:
2874:
2833:
2798:
2772:
2663:
2617:
2602:
1684:
1535:
1419:
is used as an alternative for 500 grams or half a kilogram, while the
628:
422:
138:
3026:
2981:
2904:
2879:
2813:
2803:
2752:
2678:
2668:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2582:
2577:
2572:
1459:
909:
687:
218:
196:
164:
142:
135:
2309:
Report of the National Conference on Weights and Measures, Volumes 41â45
1753:
Report of the National Conference on Weights and Measures, Volumes 41-45
1545:. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards. p. 13.
2996:
2971:
2940:
2757:
2747:
2721:
2716:
2706:
2701:
2597:
2169:
2147:
1915:
1749:"The Development of Weights and Measures Control in the United Kingdom"
489:
208:
1187:
525:, blood and hide as his due for slaughtering and dressing the animal.
2919:
1867:
1851:
1399:
In the Netherlands, where the metric system was adopted in 1817, the
1292:
1267:
597:
902:
2924:
2838:
2793:
2742:
1776:. Vol. 168. American Philosophical Society. pp. 391â398.
1698:
1404:
605:
492:
for estimating cattle carcass weights, calibrated in stones of 20,
438:
260:
230:
192:
187:
1946:. United Kingdom: House of Lords. 1 March 1938. col. 901â902.
1841:, vol. I, London: G. Eyre & A. Strahan, 1810, p. 204
3021:
2612:
2498:
1942:
1343:
806:
618:
414:
2823:
2777:
2711:
2592:
2380:
Dictionnaire universel des poids et mesures anciens et modernes
1647:
Antiquity explained, and represented in sculptures, Volumes 3-4
1368:
1318:
1236:
851:
593:
442:
434:
175:
62:
2884:
2767:
2726:
2112:"White Paper on Metrication (1972) â Summary and Conclusions"
522:
430:
418:
31:
2345:
2148:
The Council of the European Communities (21 December 1979).
2818:
2762:
2673:
2622:
2587:
2567:
2552:
470:
446:
426:
131:
94:
2472:] (in German). Vol. II. Leipzig: F. Đ. Brockhaus.
2049:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press Ltd. p. 817.
1773:
A Dictionary of Weights and Measures for the British Isles
1697:
A Roman stone weight of 40 librae is on exhibition in the
690:
has entirely displaced stones and pounds since the 1970s.
2440:] (in German). Vol. I. Leipzig: F. Đ. Brockhaus.
732:
Before the advent of metrication, units called "stone" (
2284:. Ballymany, Curragh, Co Kildare: Horse Racing, Ireland
2170:
The Council of the European Communities (27 May 2009).
1542:
Research Highlights of the National Bureau of Standards
1883:, vol. 2, Blackie and son, 1855, pp. 417â419
1665:
Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences
1643:
1881:
A Cyclopedia of Agriculture, Practical and Scientific
2462:
Noback, Christian; Noback, Friedrich Eduard (1851).
2430:
Noback, Christian; Noback, Friedrich Eduard (1851).
1894:
Newman, LF (December 1954). "Weights and Measures".
2305:"A Central Program for Weights and Measures Canada"
1575:National Physical Laboratory, P. H. Bigg & al.
655:as a unit of measure that could be used within the
1729:. Philadelphia: E. L. Carey and A. Hart. pp.
2192:legislation.gov.uk: Weights and Measures Act 1985
1722:
1644:de Montfaucon, Bernard; Humphreys, David (1722).
3092:
2097:An account of Ireland, statistical and political
2093:
2069:
1351:
2313:National Institute of Standards and Technology
2129:"Final Report of the Metrication Board (1980)"
2044:
1757:National Institute of Standards and Technology
1701:town museum (Germany). Retrieved 12 March 2012
1423:is used for a weight of 100 grams, being
413:used for glass; stones of 8 lb. used for
2514:
2486:UK: The Units of Measurement Regulations 1995
1300:
2461:
2429:
2206:A Dictionary of Weights, Measures, and Units
2089:
2087:
1529:
1376:
1326:
1275:
1250:
1244:
1219:
1196:
1169:
1137:
1102:
1079:
1056:
1032:
1014:
990:
972:
948:
930:
880:
862:
814:
762:
236:
225:holds 10- and 50-pound examples of polished
212:
2004:"Scottish Weights and Measures: Background"
1537:United States. National Bureau of Standards
265:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
2521:
2507:
2076:. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode. pp.
2022:
55:
38:. For other uses of the word "Stone", see
2376:
2372:
2370:
2325:
2218:
2216:
2084:
1967:. Oxford University Press (Oxford), 1917.
1799:
1713:Vol III, Edinburgh – 1772.
2340:
1795:
1793:
1742:
1740:
1633:. London: Charles Knight & Co. 1836.
723:
483:
195:Museum's 2nd-century stone weight of 40
186:
174:
27:Imperial unit of mass equal to 14 pounds
2425:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2302:
2296:
1978:"Scottish Weights and Measures: Weight"
1833:
1831:
1716:
14:
3093:
2457:
2455:
2453:
2451:
2449:
2447:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2397:
2367:
2213:
2063:
1902:(3/4). Folklore Enterprises Ltd: 138.
1893:
1704:
1481:International Yard and Pound Agreement
623:for measuring flax equaled 16.75
263:. c. 74), which applied to all of the
221:. Such weights varied in quality: the
2502:
2143:
2141:
1790:
1769:
1746:
1737:
1662:
1411:(stone), which had previously been 8
183:âera tri-lingual inscription. 9,950g
34:. For the material made of rock, see
1828:
2539:Comparison with US customary system
2444:
2394:
2163:
1950:
701:The use of the stone in the former
213:
65:1-stone weight emblazoned with the
24:
2528:
2326:Jefferson, Thomas (13 July 1790).
2138:
1462:, a unit of wool equal to 28 stone
229:, while a 40-pound example at the
25:
3122:
2479:
2208:, Oxford: Oxford University Press
2203:
445:; stones of 12 lb. used for
2250:. Office of the Attorney General
1605:Weights and Measures Act of 1963
1403:(pound) was set equal to half a
199:(c. 13 kg), beside an
2383:. Bruxelles: M. Hayez. p.
2334:
2319:
2271:
2262:
2240:
2224:"Weights and Measures Act 1985"
2197:
2185:
2121:
2104:
2038:
1996:
1970:
1943:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
1930:
1887:
1873:
1857:
1845:
1763:
1691:
1654:
1637:
1524:, Oxford University Press, 1964
1494:
1394:
596:. The tron (or local) stone of
3106:Customary units of measurement
3075:Footâpoundâsecond system (FPS)
2034:. Edinburgh: Peter Hill. 1789.
1621:
1610:
1598:
1583:
1569:
1555:National Bureau of Standards,
1549:
1513:
1473:
715:report on weights and measures
641:Federation of British Industry
396:Assize of Weights and Measures
13:
1:
1908:10.1080/0015587x.1954.9717437
1864:Weights and Measures Act 1495
1770:Zupko, Ronald Edward (1985).
1726:Mathematics for Practical Men
1507:
719:U.S. House of Representatives
668:Weights and Measures Act 1985
634:
602:Weights and Measures Act 1824
409:, describes stones of 5
403:
269:Weights and Measures Act 1835
257:Weights and Measures Act 1824
233:Museum is made of sandstone.
1126:"Metric stone" (after 1817)
696:
364:
350:
336:
320:
298:
170:
7:
3080:Twenty-foot equivalent unit
2303:MacLean, RW (4 June 1957).
1650:. London. pp. 107â109.
1455:German units of measurement
1440:
1045:stone of wool and feathers
1003:stone of wool and feathers
582:
10:
3127:
2377:Doursther, Horace (1840).
2010:. Scottish Archive Network
1984:. Scottish Archive Network
1723:Gregory, Olinthus (1834).
611:
381:
29:
3070:English Engineering units
3040:
2954:
2933:
2867:
2851:
2786:
2735:
2694:
2687:
2641:
2545:
2536:
2094:Edward Wakefield (1812).
2070:Chaney, Henry J. (1897).
1957:Oxford English Dictionary
1747:Poppy, TG (4 June 1957).
1522:Concise Oxford Dictionary
1101:
1098:
1095:
1010:
1007:
968:
965:
917:
897:
858:
842:
813:
810:
805:
532:Oxford English Dictionary
400:statute of uncertain date
237:Great Britain and Ireland
100:
90:
78:
73:
54:
49:
2955:Other units and measures
2073:Our Weights and Measures
2047:Concise Scots Dictionary
1466:
241:The 1772 edition of the
2493:EncyclopĂŚdia Britannica
2357:EncyclopĂŚdia Britannica
2315:(NIST). pp. 44â49.
1759:(NIST). pp. 22â34.
1711:EncyclopĂŚdia Britannica
765:kilogramme des Archives
244:EncyclopĂŚdia Britannica
155:-speaking countries of
2946:Pounds per square inch
1377:
1352:
1327:
1301:
1276:
1251:
1245:
1220:
1197:
1170:
1138:
1103:
1080:
1057:
1034:Stein Wolle und Federn
1033:
1015:
992:Stein Wolle und Federn
991:
973:
949:
931:
881:
863:
815:
763:
758:
750:
742:
729:
507:
253:
204:
184:
40:Stone (disambiguation)
2558:Thousandth of an inch
2491:"Stone" entry on the
2234:The National Archives
2204:Fenna, Donald (ed.),
2194:Retrieved 2013-01-17.
1839:Statutes of the Realm
1806:The Statutes at Large
1677:10.1093/jhmas/xi.1.97
727:
663:from 1 January 2010.
488:A nineteenth-century
487:
249:
203:-sized card for scale
190:
178:
128:British imperial unit
18:Stone (Imperial mass)
2962:British thermal unit
847:Mecklenburg-Strelitz
653:Directive 80/181/EEC
223:Yale Medical Library
67:English coat of arms
678:in this context is
469: lb. used for
74:General information
3048:Avoirdupois system
2229:legislation.gov.uk
1562:2009-01-18 at the
838:From 1841 onwards
730:
711:Secretary of State
661:EU internal market
625:avoirdupois pounds
508:
247:defined the stone:
205:
185:
179:Stone weight with
3088:
3087:
2847:
2846:
1870:. c. 4) §2 (1495)
1617:Deuteronomy 25:13
1592:pound avoirdupois
1483:, adopted by the
1392:
1391:
649:Metrication Board
580:
579:
544:Number of pounds
527:Smithfield market
506:, 8 and 14 pounds
411:merchants' pounds
379:
378:
108:
107:
16:(Redirected from
3118:
2692:
2691:
2523:
2516:
2509:
2500:
2499:
2474:
2473:
2459:
2442:
2441:
2427:
2392:
2391:
2374:
2365:
2364:
2349:
2338:
2332:
2331:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2283:
2279:"HRI Directives"
2275:
2269:
2266:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2244:
2238:
2237:
2220:
2211:
2209:
2201:
2195:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2178:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2145:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2125:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2091:
2082:
2081:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1974:
1968:
1959:, 1st ed. "
1954:
1948:
1947:
1934:
1928:
1927:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1877:
1871:
1861:
1855:
1849:
1843:
1842:
1835:
1826:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1797:
1788:
1787:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1744:
1735:
1734:
1720:
1714:
1708:
1702:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1625:
1619:
1614:
1608:
1602:
1596:
1587:
1581:
1573:
1567:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1533:
1527:
1525:
1517:
1501:
1498:
1492:
1477:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1380:
1355:
1330:
1304:
1279:
1254:
1248:
1223:
1200:
1173:
1141:
1106:
1083:
1060:
1036:
1018:
994:
976:
952:
934:
884:
866:
818:
775:
774:
768:
737:
707:Thomas Jefferson
573:Beef and mutton
565:Sugar and spice
538:
537:
520:
519:
515:
505:
504:
500:
497:
468:
467:
463:
460:
454:
408:
405:
355:1 hundredweight
314:
313:
309:
275:
274:
216:
215:
181:Darius the Great
85:British imperial
59:
47:
46:
21:
3126:
3125:
3121:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3091:
3090:
3089:
3084:
3041:Related systems
3036:
3002:Horsepower-hour
2950:
2929:
2863:
2843:
2782:
2731:
2683:
2637:
2541:
2532:
2527:
2482:
2477:
2460:
2445:
2428:
2395:
2375:
2368:
2342:Bartlett, James
2339:
2335:
2324:
2320:
2301:
2297:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2267:
2263:
2253:
2251:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2222:
2221:
2214:
2202:
2198:
2190:
2186:
2176:
2174:
2168:
2164:
2154:
2152:
2146:
2139:
2131:
2127:
2126:
2122:
2114:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2092:
2085:
2068:
2064:
2057:
2043:
2039:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2013:
2011:
2002:
2001:
1997:
1987:
1985:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1955:
1951:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1892:
1888:
1879:
1878:
1874:
1862:
1858:
1854:. Stat. 5. c. 9
1850:
1846:
1837:
1836:
1829:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1803:, ed. (1763a),
1798:
1791:
1784:
1768:
1764:
1745:
1738:
1721:
1717:
1709:
1705:
1696:
1692:
1661:
1659:
1655:
1642:
1638:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1615:
1611:
1603:
1599:
1588:
1584:
1574:
1570:
1564:Wayback Machine
1554:
1550:
1534:
1530:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1504:
1499:
1495:
1478:
1474:
1469:
1443:
1429:
1425:
1424:
1397:
1241:Czech Republic
1163:
927:
915:
856:
797:
795:
790:
788:
781:Modern country
733:
699:
637:
614:
585:
517:
513:
512:
502:
498:
495:
493:
465:
461:
458:
456:
450:
406:
384:
311:
307:
306:
294:
292:
287:
279:
239:
173:
157:Northern Europe
118:(abbreviation:
69:
61:A 16th-century
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3124:
3114:
3113:
3111:Imperial units
3108:
3103:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3060:
3050:
3044:
3042:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3032:Spinning count
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2958:
2956:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2948:
2943:
2937:
2935:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2861:
2859:Miles per hour
2855:
2853:
2849:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2698:
2696:
2689:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2645:
2643:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2608:Gunter's chain
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2542:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2530:Imperial units
2526:
2525:
2518:
2511:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2488:
2481:
2480:External links
2478:
2476:
2475:
2443:
2393:
2366:
2352:Chisholm, Hugh
2333:
2318:
2295:
2270:
2261:
2239:
2212:
2196:
2184:
2162:
2137:
2120:
2103:
2083:
2062:
2055:
2037:
2021:
1995:
1969:
1949:
1929:
1886:
1872:
1856:
1844:
1827:
1801:Ruffhead, Owen
1789:
1782:
1762:
1736:
1715:
1703:
1690:
1653:
1636:
1620:
1609:
1597:
1582:
1568:
1548:
1528:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1493:
1485:United Kingdom
1471:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1457:
1442:
1439:
1413:Amsterdam pond
1396:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1374:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1349:
1346:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1324:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1313:(32 SkĂĽlpund)
1311:
1308:
1305:
1298:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1273:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1242:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1217:
1214:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1194:
1191:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1161:
1158:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1135:
1132:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1100:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1029:
1028:
1027:stone of flax
1025:
1022:
1019:
1012:
1009:
1005:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
987:
986:
985:stone of flax
983:
980:
977:
970:
967:
963:
962:
959:
956:
953:
945:
944:
941:
938:
935:
928:
926:
925:
922:
918:
916:
914:
913:
906:
898:
895:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:leichter Stein
877:
876:
873:
870:
867:
864:schwerer Stein
860:
857:
855:
854:
849:
843:
840:
839:
836:
833:
829:
828:
825:
822:
819:
812:
809:
803:
802:
799:
792:
785:
782:
779:
713:, presented a
703:British Empire
698:
695:
645:Board of Trade
636:
633:
613:
610:
589:Scottish stone
584:
581:
578:
577:
574:
570:
569:
566:
562:
561:
558:
554:
553:
550:
546:
545:
542:
383:
380:
377:
376:
373:
370:
367:
363:
362:
359:
356:
353:
349:
348:
345:
342:
339:
335:
334:
331:
328:
323:
319:
318:
315:
304:
301:
297:
296:
289:
284:
281:
238:
235:
172:
169:
106:
105:
102:
98:
97:
92:
88:
87:
82:
76:
75:
71:
70:
60:
52:
51:
36:Rock (geology)
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3123:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3101:Units of mass
3099:
3098:
3096:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3055:
3054:
3053:English units
3051:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3039:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3012:Pound (force)
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2953:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2932:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2915:Hundredweight
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2866:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2850:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2809:Fluid Scruple
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2785:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2734:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2690:
2686:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2640:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2628:Nautical mile
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2535:
2531:
2524:
2519:
2517:
2512:
2510:
2505:
2504:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2483:
2471:
2467:
2466:
2458:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2439:
2435:
2434:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2381:
2373:
2371:
2363:
2359:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2347:"Stone"
2343:
2337:
2329:
2322:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2299:
2280:
2274:
2265:
2249:
2243:
2235:
2231:
2230:
2225:
2219:
2217:
2207:
2200:
2193:
2188:
2173:
2166:
2151:
2144:
2142:
2130:
2124:
2113:
2107:
2099:
2098:
2090:
2088:
2079:
2075:
2074:
2066:
2058:
2056:1-902930-00-2
2052:
2048:
2041:
2033:
2032:
2025:
2009:
2005:
1999:
1983:
1979:
1973:
1966:
1964:
1958:
1953:
1945:
1944:
1939:
1938:"Meat Prices"
1933:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1890:
1882:
1876:
1869:
1865:
1860:
1853:
1848:
1840:
1834:
1832:
1812:
1808:
1807:
1802:
1796:
1794:
1785:
1783:9780871691682
1779:
1775:
1774:
1766:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1743:
1741:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1719:
1712:
1707:
1700:
1694:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1671:(1): 97â100.
1670:
1666:
1657:
1649:
1648:
1640:
1632:
1631:
1624:
1618:
1613:
1606:
1601:
1595:
1593:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1572:
1565:
1561:
1558:
1552:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1532:
1523:
1516:
1512:
1497:
1490:
1489:metric system
1486:
1482:
1479:Per the 1959
1476:
1472:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1438:
1436:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1247:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1006:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
989:
988:
984:
981:
978:
975:
971:
964:
960:
957:
954:
951:
950:kleiner Stein
947:
946:
942:
939:
936:
933:
929:
923:
920:
919:
911:
907:
904:
900:
899:
896:
892:
889:
886:
883:
879:
878:
874:
871:
868:
865:
861:
853:
850:
848:
845:
844:
841:
837:
834:
831:
830:
826:
823:
820:
817:
808:
804:
800:
798:local pounds
793:
786:
783:
780:
777:
776:
773:
770:
767:
766:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
726:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
694:
691:
689:
685:
681:
677:
671:
669:
664:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
639:In 1965, the
632:
630:
626:
622:
620:
609:
607:
603:
599:
595:
590:
575:
572:
571:
567:
564:
563:
559:
556:
555:
551:
548:
547:
543:
540:
539:
536:
534:
533:
528:
524:
491:
486:
482:
480:
476:
472:
453:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
401:
397:
393:
389:
388:English stone
374:
371:
369:1 (long) ton
368:
365:
360:
357:
354:
351:
346:
343:
340:
337:
332:
329:
327:
324:
321:
316:
305:
302:
299:
290:
285:
283:Name of unit
282:
277:
276:
273:
270:
266:
262:
258:
252:
248:
246:
245:
234:
232:
228:
224:
220:
210:
202:
198:
194:
189:
182:
177:
168:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
144:
140:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
103:
99:
96:
93:
89:
86:
83:
81:
77:
72:
68:
64:
58:
53:
48:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2992:Foot-poundal
2910:Long hundred
2894:
2890:Pound (mass)
2814:Fluid Drachm
2773:Trade gallon
2492:
2469:
2464:
2437:
2432:
2388:
2379:
2361:
2355:
2336:
2321:
2308:
2298:
2286:. Retrieved
2273:
2264:
2252:. Retrieved
2242:
2236:, 1985 c. 72
2227:
2205:
2199:
2187:
2177:14 September
2175:. Retrieved
2165:
2153:. Retrieved
2123:
2106:
2096:
2072:
2065:
2046:
2040:
2030:
2024:
2012:. Retrieved
2007:
1998:
1986:. Retrieved
1981:
1972:
1962:
1956:
1952:
1941:
1932:
1899:
1895:
1889:
1880:
1875:
1859:
1847:
1838:
1822: &
1818: &
1816:(in English)
1805:
1772:
1765:
1752:
1725:
1718:
1706:
1693:
1668:
1664:
1660:for example:
1656:
1646:
1639:
1629:
1623:
1612:
1600:
1590:
1585:
1576:
1571:
1551:
1541:
1531:
1521:
1515:
1496:
1475:
1434:
1420:
1416:
1408:
1400:
1398:
1395:Metric stone
1272:Switzerland
1115:Before 1817
1099:Netherlands
1016:Stein Flachs
974:Stein Flachs
961:small stone
943:large stone
932:groĂer Stein
908:KĂśnigsberg (
893:light stone
875:heavy stone
827:Before 1841
771:
731:
700:
692:
683:
679:
675:
672:
665:
638:
629:County Clare
617:
615:
586:
535:also lists:
530:
509:
452:London stone
451:
385:
325:
254:
250:
242:
240:
209:Biblical law
206:
197:Roman pounds
161:local pounds
147:
134:equal to 14
119:
116:stone weight
115:
111:
109:
101:Abbreviation
91:Unit of
44:
2982:Foot-candle
2753:Fluid ounce
2679:Square mile
2659:Square yard
2654:Square foot
2649:Square inch
1824:(in Norman)
1589:Sizes.com:
910:Kaliningrad
688:metrication
552:14, 15, 24
407: 1300
219:Roman pound
165:metrication
143:body weight
136:avoirdupois
80:Unit system
3095:Categories
3058:Winchester
3017:Pound-foot
2997:Horsepower
2987:Foot-pound
2972:Fahrenheit
2748:Tablespoon
2722:Cubic mile
2717:Cubic yard
2707:Cubic foot
2702:Cubic inch
2563:Barleycorn
2155:7 February
2014:8 November
1988:8 November
1820:(in Latin)
1557:Appendix 8
1508:References
1407:, and the
1348:Lithuania
1131:Karlsruhe
1096:Amsterdam
1073:OsnabrĂźck
1008:Oldenburg
791:kilograms
784:Term used
635:Modern use
541:Commodity
490:slide rule
475:Edward III
473:. In 1350
449:; and the
341:1 quarter
293:equivalent
286:Equivalent
280:in pounds
278:Equivalent
227:serpentine
151:and other
3063:Exchequer
2920:Ship load
1924:165541893
1868:11 Hen. 7
1852:25 Edw. 3
1520:"stone",
1293:Stockholm
1268:Solothurn
1186:Breslau (
801:Comments
794:Weight of
787:Weight of
735:âšSee Tfdâş
697:Elsewhere
598:Edinburgh
481:in 1495.
479:Henry VII
288:in stone
171:Antiquity
2934:Pressure
2839:Hogshead
2794:Chaldron
2743:Teaspoon
2344:(1911).
1896:Folklore
1699:Eschborn
1685:13295580
1560:Archived
1539:(1959).
1451:imperial
1441:See also
1405:kilogram
1373:Austria
1216:Belgium
1213:Antwerp
1166:Germany
1134:Germany
1076:Germany
1011:Germany
969:Germany
901:Danzig (
859:Germany
811:Germany
796:stone in
789:stone in
606:5 Geo. 4
583:Scotland
439:cinnamon
303:1 pound
261:5 Geo. 4
231:Eschborn
214:××× ××××
193:Eschborn
153:Germanic
122:) is an
3022:Poundal
3007:Kenning
2977:Rankine
2900:Quarter
2736:Cooking
2695:Derived
2613:Furlong
2354:(ed.).
2288:21 July
2254:28 June
1965:, §14a"
1961:stone,
1916:1259240
1811:148â149
1447:English
1428:⁄
1358:14.992
1353:kamieni
1344:Vilnius
1323:Poland
1297:Sweden
1193:Poland
1188:WrocĹaw
1176:10.287
1157:Leipzig
1063:10.137
1053:Poland
1050:KrakĂłw
966:Bremen
955:10.296
937:15.444
869:10.296
807:Dresden
717:to the
709:, then
619:Belfast
612:Ireland
516:⁄
501:⁄
464:⁄
443:nutmegs
435:almonds
415:beeswax
382:England
326:1 stone
317:0.4536
310:⁄
291:Approx.
149:England
124:English
2967:Degree
2880:Drachm
2829:Barrel
2824:Bushel
2778:Gallon
2712:Hoppus
2688:Volume
2633:League
2593:Fathom
2546:Length
2389:liege.
2053:
1922:
1914:
1780:
1683:
1453:, and
1433:
1383:11.20
1369:Vienna
1333:10.14
1328:kamieĹ
1319:Warsaw
1307:13.60
1282:5.184
1257:10.29
1237:Prague
1226:3.761
1203:9.732
1160:Weimar
1109:3.953
1086:4.941
1039:4.846
1021:9.692
997:4.985
924:Russia
921:Poland
903:GdaĹsk
887:5.148
852:Berlin
821:10.15
759:kamieĹ
755:Polish
739:German
684:stones
594:Lanark
441:, and
423:pepper
390:under
375:1,016
366:2,240
361:50.80
347:12.70
333:6.350
295:in kg
139:pounds
63:bronze
2895:Stone
2885:Ounce
2875:Grain
2852:Speed
2834:Stuck
2799:Minim
2787:Other
2768:Quart
2727:Tmcft
2664:Perch
2618:Cable
2603:Chain
2468:[
2436:[
2350:. In
2282:(PDF)
2132:(PDF)
2115:(PDF)
1920:S2CID
1912:JSTOR
1467:Notes
1409:steen
1378:Stein
1277:Stein
1252:Stein
1246:kĂĄmen
1221:steen
1198:Stein
1171:Stein
1144:5.00
1139:Stein
1104:steen
1081:Stein
1058:Stein
979:9.97
832:10.0
816:Stein
778:City
751:steen
747:Dutch
743:Stein
680:stone
676:stone
621:stone
549:Wool
523:offal
431:cumin
419:sugar
402:from
112:stone
50:Stone
32:Picul
3027:Span
2905:Slug
2868:Mass
2819:Peck
2804:Gill
2763:Pint
2674:Acre
2669:Rood
2642:Area
2623:Mile
2588:Yard
2583:Foot
2578:Link
2573:Hand
2568:Inch
2553:Twip
2290:2012
2256:2012
2179:2009
2157:2009
2051:ISBN
2016:2011
1990:2011
1778:ISBN
1681:PMID
1460:Sack
1435:pond
1417:pond
1401:pond
1302:sten
587:The
557:Wax
471:wool
447:lead
427:alum
398:, a
386:The
372:160
352:112
255:The
201:ID-1
191:The
132:mass
126:and
110:The
95:Mass
2941:Ksi
2925:Ton
2758:Cup
2598:Rod
2385:424
1904:doi
1673:doi
1421:ons
1386:20
1361:40
1336:25
1310:32
1285:10
1260:20
1206:24
1179:22
1147:10
1089:10
1066:25
1042:10
1024:20
1000:10
982:20
958:22
940:33
890:11
872:22
835:20
824:22
657:EEC
560:12
455:of
392:law
338:28
322:14
130:of
120:st.
114:or
3097::
2446:^
2396:^
2387:.
2369:^
2307:.
2232:,
2226:,
2215:^
2140:^
2086:^
2078:24
2006:.
1980:.
1963:n.
1940:.
1918:.
1910:.
1900:65
1898:.
1830:^
1814:.
1792:^
1751:.
1739:^
1731:21
1679:.
1669:XI
1667:.
1449:,
1437:.
1229:8
1190:)
1123:6
1120:3
1112:8
757::
753:;
749::
745:;
741::
576:8
568:8
518:14
494:17
457:12
437:,
433:,
429:,
425:,
421:,
417:,
404:c.
358:8
344:2
330:1
312:14
300:1
145:.
104:st
2522:e
2515:t
2508:v
2330:.
2292:.
2258:.
2210:.
2181:.
2159:.
2080:.
2059:.
2018:.
1992:.
1926:.
1906::
1866:(
1786:.
1733:.
1687:.
1675::
1607:.
1594:.
1566:.
1526:.
1491:.
1430:5
1426:1
1249:/
912:)
905:)
604:(
514:8
503:2
499:1
496:+
466:2
462:1
459:+
308:1
259:(
42:.
20:)
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