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after crossing the entire Greek peninsula sieged and conquered
Amphipolis. According to the ancient sources, the river was navigable from its mouth up to the ancient (and today dried)
817:
875:
1010:
762:
323:. The river's length is 415 kilometres (258 miles) (of which 290 kilometres (180 mi) in Bulgaria, making it the country's fifth-longest and one of the
564:, which also favored the navigation; and thus was formed in antiquity an important waterway that served the communication between the coasts of
552:
crossed the river during his invasion in 480 BC he buried alive nine young boys and nine maidens as a sacrifice to the river god. The forces of
828:
343:
774:
1027:
900:
1172:
469:, referring to a mythical Thracian king that was drowned in the river. Strymón was also used as a personal name in various regions of
1167:
1157:
342:. The Greek portion is a valley which is dominant in agriculture, being Greece's fourth-biggest valley. The tributaries include the
1177:
1182:
1152:
879:
137:
1118:
1162:
963:
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267:: Στρυμών ). Its drainage area is 17,330 km (6,690 sq mi), of which 8,670 km (3,350 sq mi) in
1007:
338:-producing area, more significant in the past than nowadays; the southern part of the Bulgarian section is an important
793:
746:
1003:
627:
981:. The history may be Greek slander, though, as human sacrifice is not known as an Iranian cultic practice.
896:
Our Waters: Joining Hands Across
Borders: First Assessment of Transboundary Rivers, Lakes and Groundwaters
676:
network. More than 300 bird species have been observed at these locations and some of them are considered
1142:
905:
The share of Serbia and The former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia in the total basin area is very small.
1147:
731:
894:
355:
324:
979:
1024:
805:
556:
defeated the remnants of Xerxes' army near Ennea Hodoi in 479 BC. In 424 BC the
Spartan general
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604:
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308:
307:, a significant centre for migratory wildfowl. Also in Greece, the river entirely flows in the
1137:
701:
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878:(in Greek). Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climate Change. p. 86. Archived from
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was founded near the river's entrance to the Aegean, at the site previously known as
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The
Metamorphoses of Antoninus Liberalis. A translation with commentary
854:
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998:, 49). Society of Macedonian Studies, Thessaloniki 1976, p. 16 ff.
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33:
The course of the Struma in
Bulgaria and Greece (marked in red)
992:
Historical
Geography of Eastern Macedonia during the Antiquity
539:
303:. In Greece it is the main waterway feeding and exiting from
515:
335:
668:, a lake that the river is feeding and exiting, are both
275:
and the remaining 2,365 km (913 sq mi) in
656:, causing nearly 800 deaths, was named after the river.
405:
206:; 76.2 m/s (2,690 cu ft/s) at Marino pole
427:
568:
and the
Thracian hinterland and almost to the city of
1021:
A History of Serres (in the
Ancient and Roman Times)
623:, and the Greeks were forced to ask for armistice.
1129:
334:Parts of the river valley belong to a Bulgarian
587:was fought close the river in 1014 between the
421:
1089:"Greek Brook Lamprey (Caspiomyzon hellenicus)"
659:
449:
443:
383:
901:United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
395:
411:
893:"Drainage basin of the Mediterranean Sea".
271:, 6,295 km (2,431 sq mi) in
1023:. Thessaloniki 1999, pp. 55–60 (in Greek;
918:Ancient Languages of the Balkans, Part One
712:in the world, is only found at the Struma
823:Struma river from the bridge next to the
708:and is considered the rarest species of
574:
509:
501:
327:that run solely in the interior of the
202:2.1 m/s (74 cu ft/s) at
1130:
952:Antoninus Liberalis, Celoria Francis,
180:17,330 km (6,690 sq mi)
22:Struma (Струма), Strymónas (Στρυμόνας)
1025:website of the municipality of Serres
481:
382:The river's name comes from Thracian
242:
229:
886:
799:Greek soldiers at Strymon during WWI
640:, which took Jewish refugees out of
1173:Landforms of Serres (regional unit)
876:"Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment"
13:
716:and the basin of the much smaller
579:The basin of the river in Bulgaria
14:
1194:
1109:
626:The river valley was part of the
1168:Landforms of Sofia City Province
1158:Landforms of Kyustendil Province
816:
804:
792:
773:
761:
745:
730:
522:(right), seen from Ennea Hodoi (
27:
1178:Geography of Macedonia (region)
1081:
607:four years later. In 1913, the
603:and determined the fall of the
283:. It takes its source from the
1183:Landforms of Central Macedonia
1153:International rivers of Europe
1061:
1037:
984:
969:
946:
923:
910:
868:
131: • coordinates
1:
920:. Mouton, Paris 1976, p. 144.
611:was nearly surrounded in the
58:Physical characteristics
1163:Landforms of Pernik Province
857:is named after Struma River.
540:
518:(left) and the mouth of the
514:The ancient Persian fort at
438:
377:
94:2,180 m (7,150 ft)
90: • elevation
16:River in Bulgaria and Greece
7:
660:Protected areas and ecology
473:during the 3rd century BC.
428:
114: • location
76: • location
10:
1199:
1093:iNaturalist United Kingdom
723:
497:
400:'stream', akin to English
198: • average
935:. Wiley-Blackwell, 1990.
836:
506:View near the Greek coast
422:
420:'fast stream', Bulgarian
239:
210:
196:
188:
184:
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172:415 km (258 mi)
168:
129:
112:
102:
98:
88:
74:
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57:
43:
38:
26:
21:
1049:natura2000.eea.europa.eu
1019:Dimitrios C. Samsaris,
861:
787:, west side of Strymonas
752:Struma near the city of
356:Blagoevgradska Bistritsa
990:Dimitrios C. Samsaris,
700:, which is listed as a
406:
396:
384:
1069:"Kerkini Lake | Fauna"
996:Makedonikí bibliothíki
851:South Shetland Islands
690:eastern imperial eagle
664:The river's mouth and
605:First Bulgarian Empire
580:
554:Alexander I of Macedon
527:
507:
491:
450:
444:
432:) 'water flow', Greek
412:
903:. 2007. p. 171.
702:critically endangered
694:greater spotted eagle
615:of the Struma by the
578:
544:('Nine roads'). When
513:
505:
442:) 'stream', Albanian
416:'stream', Lithuanian
153:40.78583°N 23.84889°E
1045:"Natura 2000 Viewer"
882:on 15 February 2020.
827:facing the beach of
480:it is called Струма
309:Serres regional unit
295:near the village of
244:[striˈmonas]
80:The south slopes of
1116:Livius.org: Strymon
958:. Routledge, 1992.
932:Classical mythology
916:Radislav Katičic',
390:Proto-Indo-European
360:Sandanska Bistritsa
149: /
1143:Rivers of Bulgaria
1121:2012-10-14 at the
1030:2018-06-24 at the
1013:2017-04-24 at the
825:Lion of Amphipolis
811:Struma river mouth
781:Lion of Amphipolis
650:torpedoed and sunk
585:Battle of Kleidion
581:
528:
508:
494:, 'black water').
368:Pirinska Bistritsa
158:40.78583; 23.84889
964:978-0-415-06896-3
941:978-0-631-20102-1
847:Livingston Island
621:Second Balkan War
483:[ˈstrumɐ]
247:;) is a river in
231:[ˈstrumɐ]
214:
213:
1190:
1148:Rivers of Greece
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672:and part of the
628:Macedonian front
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410:'river', Polish
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768:Strymon estuary
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704:species on the
662:
566:Strymonian Gulf
562:Cercinitis lake
530:In 437 BC, the
500:
467:Greek mythology
433:
388:, derived from
380:
313:Strymonian Gulf
277:North Macedonia
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1110:External links
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670:national parks
661:
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617:Bulgarian Army
599:under Emperor
591:under Emperor
499:
496:
471:Ancient Greece
448:'water flow',
379:
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348:Dragovishtitsa
325:longest rivers
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698:Greek lamprey
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583:The decisive
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532:ancient Greek
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520:Strymon River
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1138:Struma basin
1096:. Retrieved
1092:
1083:
1072:. Retrieved
1063:
1052:. Retrieved
1048:
1039:
1020:
995:
991:
986:
971:
954:
948:
931:
925:
917:
912:
904:
895:
888:
880:the original
870:
829:Ofryni Beach
739:Kresna Gorge
686:saker falcon
666:Lake Kerkini
663:
646:World War II
636:
625:
613:Kresna Gorge
582:
529:
475:
458:
456:
417:
404:, Old Irish
401:
392:
381:
352:Rilska River
344:Konska River
333:
305:Lake Kerkini
260:
221:
217:
215:
1008:online text
1006:(in Greek;
785:Via Egnatia
754:Blagoevgrad
684:, like the
674:Natura 2000
634:. The ship
632:World War I
619:during the
541:Ennea Hodoi
486:; while in
465:in ancient
340:wine region
299:in eastern
297:Promachonas
156: /
1132:Categories
1098:2024-08-05
1074:2024-08-05
1054:2024-08-05
855:Antarctica
737:Struma at
682:vulnerable
678:endangered
609:Greek Army
597:Byzantines
589:Bulgarians
536:Amphipolis
524:Amphipolis
478:Macedonian
321:Amphipolis
317:Aegean Sea
177:Basin size
144:23°50′56″E
120:Aegean Sea
84:, Bulgaria
976:Herodotus
756:in winter
654:Black Sea
457:The name
378:Etymology
364:Strumitsa
311:into the
301:Macedonia
259:name was
240:Στρυμόνας
228:: Струма
226:Bulgarian
222:Strymónas
189:Discharge
141:40°47′9″N
44:Countries
1119:Archived
1028:Archived
1011:Archived
692:and the
648:and was
601:Basil II
595:and the
558:Brasidas
546:Xerxes I
534:city of
463:hydronym
454:'rain'.
418:straumuo
413:strumień
370:and the
289:Bulgaria
269:Bulgaria
249:Bulgaria
48:Bulgaria
39:Location
849:in the
831:(Tuzla)
724:Gallery
720:river.
710:lamprey
652:in the
642:Romania
498:History
488:Turkish
459:Strymón
407:sruaimm
385:Strymón
372:Angitis
329:Balkans
319:, near
261:Strymṓn
257:ancient
82:Vitosha
1002:
978:7,114
962:
939:
837:Honour
718:Louros
696:. The
688:, the
637:Struma
593:Samuel
570:Serres
550:Persia
492:Karasu
461:was a
439:rheũma
429:struia
402:stream
366:, the
362:, the
358:, the
354:, the
350:, the
346:, the
293:Greece
281:Serbia
273:Greece
255:. Its
253:Greece
218:Struma
204:Pernik
192:
169:Length
124:Greece
118:North
108:
70:
67:Source
52:Greece
862:Notes
714:basin
445:rrymë
434:ῥεῦμα
423:струя
397:srew-
265:Greek
236:Greek
104:Mouth
1000:ISBN
960:ISBN
937:ISBN
516:Eion
336:coal
279:and
251:and
216:The
50:and
994:(=
845:on
680:or
644:in
630:in
548:of
476:In
451:shi
331:.
315:in
287:in
220:or
1134::
1091:.
1047:.
1034:).
1017:).
899:.
853:,
783:;
572:.
490::
374:.
238::
234:;
122:,
1101:.
1077:.
1057:.
966:.
943:.
526:)
436:(
426:(
393:*
263:(
224:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
