922:
2426:
826:, breastfeeding, limiting soft bedding, immunizing the infant and using pacifiers. The use of electronic monitors has not been found to be useful as a preventative strategy. The effect that fans might have on the risk of SIDS has not been studied well enough to make any recommendation about them. Evidence regarding swaddling is unclear regarding SIDS. A 2016 review found tentative evidence that swaddling increases the risk of SIDS, especially among babies placed on their bellies or sides while sleeping.
459:
rather to multiple risk factors. The frequency of SIDS does appear to be influenced by social, economic, or cultural factors, such as maternal education, race or ethnicity, or poverty. SIDS is believed to occur when an infant with an underlying biological vulnerability, who is at a critical development age, is exposed to an external trigger. The following risk factors generally contribute either to the underlying biological vulnerability or represent an external trigger:
1012:
961:
69:
846:
348:
1054:
783:. Genes indicating susceptibility to MCAD and Long QT syndrome do not protect an infant from dying of classical SIDS. Therefore, the presence of a susceptibility gene, such as for MCAD, means the infant might have died either from SIDS or from MCAD deficiency. It is currently impossible for a pathologist to distinguish between them.
973:
families include mother's age, household poverty index, rural/urban status of residence, and infant's age. More than 50% of
African American infants were placed in non-recommended sleeping positions, according to a 2012 study completed in South Carolina, indicating that cultural factors can be protective as well as problematic.
969:
greater risk (100.7 per 100,000 live births) of having a SIDS-related death, compared to the U.S. population as a whole, and experience a 2.5 greater incidence of SIDS than in
Caucasian infants. Rates are calculated per 100,000 live births to enable more accurate comparison across groups of different total population size.
458:
The exact cause of SIDS is unknown. Although studies have identified risk factors for SIDS, such as putting infants to bed on their bellies, there has been little understanding of the syndrome's biological process or its potential causes. Deaths from SIDS are unlikely to be due to a single cause, but
334:
in the United States in 2011. It is the most common cause of death between one month and one year of age. About 90% of cases happen before six months of age, with it being most frequent between two months and four months of age. It is more common in boys than girls. Rates of SIDS have decreased by up
968:
In 2013, there were persistent disparities in SIDS deaths among racial and ethnic groups in the U.S. In 2009, the rates of death range from 20.3 per 100,000 live births for Asian/Pacific
Islander to 119.2 per 100,000 live births for Native Americans/Alaska Native. African American infants have a 24%
573:
plays a role, as SIDS is more prevalent in males. There is a consistent 50% male excess in SIDS per 1000 live births of each sex. Given a 5% male excess birth rate, there appears to be 3.15 male SIDS cases per 2 female cases, for a male fraction of 0.61. This value of 61% in the US is an average of
266:
The exact cause of SIDS is unknown. The requirement of a combination of factors including a specific underlying susceptibility, a specific time in development, and an environmental stressor has been proposed. These environmental stressors may include sleeping on the stomach or side, overheating, and
487:
Placing an infant to sleep while lying on the belly or side rather than on the back increases the risk for SIDS. This increased risk is greatest at two to three months of age. Elevated or reduced room temperature also increases the risk, as does excessive bedding, clothing, soft sleep surfaces, and
972:
Research suggests that factors which contribute more directly to SIDS risk—maternal age, exposure to smoking, safe sleep practices, etc.—vary by racial and ethnic group and therefore risk exposure also varies by these groups. Risk factors associated with prone sleeping patterns of
African American
912:
Infants typically receive several vaccinations between the ages of 2 and 4 months, which is also the peak age for SIDS. Due to this coincidence, a number of studies have investigated the possible role of vaccinations as a cause of SIDS. These have found either no relation between vaccinations and
503:
with parents or siblings increases the risk for SIDS. This risk is greatest in the first three months of life, when the mattress is soft, when one or more persons share the infant's bed, especially when the bed partners are using drugs or alcohol or are smoking. The risk remains, however, even in
798:
have been uncovered in which the diagnosis was originally SIDS. Since an autopsy is often unable to determine whether asphyxiation is caused intentionally, medical practitioners rely on patient and family history and evidence of prior abuse to identify cases of infanticide. Some estimates in the
947:
SIDS deaths in the US decreased from 4,895 in 1992 to 2,247 in 2004, a 54% decrease. During a similar time period, 1989 to 2004, SIDS as the cause of death for sudden infant death (SID) decreased from 80% to 55%, a 31% decrease. According to John
Kattwinkel, chairman of the Centers for Disease
4301:
Hoffman HJ, Hunter JC, Damus K, Pakter J, Peterson DR, van Belle G, Hasselmeyer EG (April 1987). "Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis immunization and sudden infant death: results of the
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Cooperative Epidemiological Study of Sudden Infant Death
351:
350:
355:
354:
349:
790:
that listed SIDS as the cause of death, and suggested that many of these deaths may have been due to accidental suffocation. The study found that 69% of autopsies listed other possible risk factors that could have led to death, such as unsafe bedding or sleeping with adults.
356:
676:
SIDS has been linked to cold weather, with this association believed to be due to over-bundling and thus, overheating. Premature babies are at four times the risk of SIDS, possibly related to an underdeveloped ability to automatically control the cardiovascular system.
302:
The most effective method of reducing the risk of SIDS is putting a child less than one year old on their back to sleep. Other measures include a firm mattress separate from but close to caregivers, no loose bedding, a relatively cool sleeping environment, using a
357:
508:
thus recommends "room-sharing without bed-sharing", stating that such an arrangement can decrease the risk of SIDS by up to 50%. Furthermore, the academy has recommended against devices marketed to make bed-sharing "safe", such as "in-bed co-sleepers".
893:
Product safety experts advise against using pillows, overly soft mattresses, sleep positioners, bumper pads (crib bumpers), stuffed animals, or fluffy bedding in the crib, and recommend instead dressing the child warmly and keeping the crib "naked."
353:
263:. Typically death occurs between the hours of midnight and 9:00 a.m. There is usually no noise or evidence of struggle. SIDS remains the leading cause of infant mortality in Western countries, constituting half of all post-neonatal deaths.
574:
57% black male SIDS, 62.2% white male SIDS and 59.4% for all other races combined. Note that when multiracial parentage is involved, infant race is arbitrarily assigned to one category or the other; most often it is chosen by the mother. The
496:
may increase the risk of SIDS due to the risk of suffocation. They are not recommended for children under one year of age, as this risk of suffocation greatly outweighs the risk of head bumping or limbs getting stuck in the bars of the crib.
449:
By definition, SIDS deaths occur under the age of one year, with the peak incidence occurring when the infant is two to four months old. This is considered a critical period because the infant's ability to rouse from sleep is not yet mature.
418:
The term SUDI is now often used instead of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) because some coroners prefer to use the term 'undetermined' for a death previously considered to be SIDS. This change is causing diagnostic shift in the mortality
913:
SIDS, or a reduction of the risk of SIDS following vaccination. A 2007 meta-analysis found that vaccinations were associated with a halving of the risk of SIDS, and argued that immunisation should be a part of SIDS prevention campaigns.
690:
and other cot mattress materials are not a cause of SIDS. The report also states that toxic gas cannot be generated from antimony in mattresses and that babies had SIDS on mattresses that did not contain the compound.
865:" campaign. The incidence of SIDS has fallen in a number of countries in which this recommendation has been widely adopted. Sleeping on the back does not appear to increase the risk of choking, even in those with
2936:
4895:
4880:
543:
is a significant risk factor. In the United States from 1995 to 1998, the SIDS death rate for infants weighing 1000–1499 g was 2.89/1000, while for a birth weight of 3500–3999 g, it was only 0.51/1000.
1694:"Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015"
933:
Globally, SIDS resulted in about 22,000 deaths as of 2010, down from 30,000 deaths in 1990. Rates vary significantly by population from 0.05 per 1000 in Hong Kong to 6.7 per 1000 in Native
Americans.
2695:
Poets CF, Samuels MP, Wardrop CA, Picton-Jones E, Southall DP (April 1992). "Reduced haemoglobin levels in infants presenting with apparent life-threatening events--a retrospective investigation".
2313:
Fleming PJ, Levine MR, Azaz Y, Wigfield R, Stewart AJ (June 1993). "Interactions between thermoregulation and the control of respiration in infants: possible relationship to sudden infant death".
352:
3553:
Bajanowski T, Vennemann M, Bohnert M, Rauch E, Brinkmann B, Mitchell EA (July 2005). "Unnatural causes of sudden unexpected deaths initially thought to be sudden infant death syndrome".
471:. Between no smoking and smoking one cigarette a day, on average, the risk doubles. About 22% of SIDS in the United States is related to maternal smoking. SIDS correlates with levels of
3250:
4085:"The Changing Concept of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: Diagnostic Coding Shifts, Controversies Regarding the Sleeping Environment, and New Variables to Consider in Reducing Risk"
2114:
Bajanowski T, Brinkmann B, Mitchell EA, Vennemann MM, Leukel HW, Larsch KP, Beike J (January 2008). "Nicotine and cotinine in infants dying from sudden infant death syndrome".
558:
has also been linked to SIDS (however, per item 6 in the list of epidemiologic characteristics below, extent of anemia cannot be evaluated at autopsy because an infant's total
3469:
Millat G, Kugener B, Chevalier P, Chahine M, Huang H, Malicier D, et al. (May 2009). "Contribution of long-QT syndrome genetic variants in sudden infant death syndrome".
885:
considers pacifier use to prevent SIDS to be reasonable. Pacifiers do not appear to affect breastfeeding in the first four months, even though this is a common misconception.
562:
can only be measured during life). SIDS incidence rises from zero at birth, is highest from two to four months of age, and declines toward zero after the infant's first year.
323:
for families affected by SIDS is important, as the death of the infant is unexpected, unexplained, and can cause suspicion that the infant may have been intentionally harmed.
869:. While infants in this position may sleep more lightly, this is not harmful. Sharing the same room as the parents but in a different bed may decrease the SIDS risk by half.
3220:
2959:
2928:
330:
from one in a thousand to one in ten thousand. Globally, it resulted in about 19,200 deaths in 2015, down from 22,000 deaths in 1990. SIDS was the third leading cause of
2159:"Ependymal alterations in sudden intrauterine unexplained death and sudden infant death syndrome: possible primary consequence of prenatal exposure to cigarette smoking"
4546:
948:
Control and
Prevention (CDC) Special Task Force on SIDS "A lot of us are concerned that the rate (of SIDS) isn't decreasing significantly, but that a lot of it is just
646:
Drinking of alcohol by parents is linked to SIDS. One study found a positive correlation between the two during New Years celebrations and weekends. Another found that
3328:
Weber MA, Klein NJ, Hartley JC, Lock PE, Malone M, Sebire NJ (May 2008). "Infection and sudden unexpected death in infancy: a systematic retrospective case review".
3194:
858:
4646:
Smith MG, Liu JH, Helms KH, Wilkerson KL (January 2012). "Racial differences in trends and predictors of infant sleep positioning in South
Carolina, 1996-2007".
4084:
3773:
3086:
O'Leary CM, Jacoby PJ, Bartu A, D'Antoine H, Bower C (March 2013). "Maternal alcohol use and sudden infant death syndrome and infant mortality excluding SIDS".
4404:"Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010"
1612:
727:
2807:
369:
and should be applied to only those cases in which an infant's death is sudden and unexpected, and remains unexplained after the performance of an adequate
4070:
2048:
1387:
523:
is associated with a lower risk of SIDS. It is not clear if co-sleeping among mothers who breastfeed without any other risk factors increases SIDS risk.
1131:
799:
1980s and 1990s placed the potential rate of SIDS deaths caused by maltreatment around 10% and as high as 40%, but data from interventions such as the
2208:
Carlin RF, Moon RY (February 2017). "Risk
Factors, Protective Factors, and Current Recommendations to Reduce Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Review".
904:" or "sleep sack", a soft bag with holes for the baby's arms and head can be used as a type of bedding that warms the baby without covering its head.
5020:
1838:
4690:
3242:
1867:
1790:
5640:
17:
4039:
Moon RY, Darnall RA, Feldman-Winter L, Goodstein MH, Hauck FR, et al. (Task Force on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) (November 2016).
3819:
Limited evidence suggested swaddling risk increased with infant age and was associated with a twofold risk for infants aged >6 months.
1272:
4266:
Vennemann MM, Höffgen M, Bajanowski T, Hense HW, Mitchell EA (June 2007). "Do immunisations reduce the risk for SIDS? A meta-analysis".
2037:
1417:
578:
hypothesis for SIDS and the male excess in infant mortality have shown that the 50% male excess might be related to a dominant X-linked
5449:
4376:
834:
424:
4729:
4771:
1765:
4380:
2385:"Bed sharing when parents do not smoke: is there a risk of SIDS? An individual level analysis of five major case-control studies"
3216:
2356:
McIntosh CG, Tonkin SL, Gunn AJ (December 2009). "What is the mechanism of sudden infant deaths associated with co-sleeping?".
4611:
Pollack HA, Frohna JG (May 2001). "A competing risk model of sudden infant death syndrome incidence in two US birth cohorts".
5367:
4760:
3730:
3705:
2493:
1336:
1092:
4801:
Crib Death – Sudden infant Death Syndrome (SIDS): Sudden Infant and Perinatal Unexplained Death: The Pathologist's Viewpoint
3765:
5138:
5013:
4576:
Powers DA, Song S (2009). "Absolute change in cause-specific infant mortality for blacks and whites in the US: 1983–2002".
2031:
1670:
1350:
2507:
1919:
1816:
936:
SIDS was responsible for 0.54 deaths per 1,000 live births in the US in 2005. It is responsible for far fewer deaths than
634:, who was imprisoned for the death of her children, showed that at least two of the children had genetic mutations in the
5394:
5306:
4910:
4554:
3186:
446:
that spares infants shortly after birth—the time of maximal risk for almost all other causes of non-trauma infant death.
3623:
Williams FL, Lang GA, Mage DT (April 2001). "Sudden unexpected infant deaths in Dundee, 1882-1891: overlying or SIDS?".
5678:
4695:. National Center for Cultural Competence, Georgetown University Center for Child and Human Development. Archived from
897:
Due to the obvious dangers, experts have also warned that blankets or other clothing not be placed over a baby's head.
4692:
Cultural Competence and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Other Infant Death: A Review of the Literature from 1990–2000
4518:
3315:
2291:
814:
issued a media release refuting expert testimony in one UK case, in which the conviction was subsequently overturned.
638:
gene that predisposed them to heart complications. Kathleen was pardoned 5 June 2023 after spending 20 years in jail.
548:
increases the risk of SIDS death roughly fourfold. From 1995 to 1998, the U.S. SIDS rate for births at 37–39 weeks of
4808:
4116:"Association between sudden infant death syndrome and diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis immunisation: an ecological study"
1905:
1656:
1307:
1266:
822:
A number of measures have been found to be effective in preventing SIDS, including changing the sleeping position to
291:. SIDS makes up about 80% of sudden and unexpected infant deaths (SUIDs). The other 20% of cases are often caused by
4092:
3666:
3272:
Horne RS (May 2006). "Effects of prematurity on heart rate control: implications for sudden infant death syndrome".
255:
of a child of less than one year of age. Diagnosis requires that the death remain unexplained even after a thorough
2992:
Van Nguyen JM, Abenhaim HA (October 2013). "Sudden infant death syndrome: review for the obstetric care provider".
1620:
1087:
3748:
2738:
Giulian GG, Gilbert EF, Moss RL (April 1987). "Elevated fetal hemoglobin levels in sudden infant death syndrome".
5073:
5006:
4041:"SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Updated 2016 Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment"
3514:"Helicobacter pylori antigen in stool is associated with SIDS and sudden infant deaths due to infectious disease"
2815:
2441:"SIDS and other sleep-related infant deaths: expansion of recommendations for a safe infant sleeping environment"
866:
4040:
4459:
4088:
2045:
882:
854:
804:
505:
4021:
3064:
1379:
279:(also known as co-sleeping) or soft objects may also play a role. Another risk factor is being born before 37
5068:
1123:
5251:
5148:
280:
4345:
Carvajal A, Caro-Patón T, Martín de Diego I, Martín Arias LH, Alvarez Requejo A, Lobato A (May 1996). "".
3974:"Effect of restricted pacifier use in breastfeeding term infants for increasing duration of breastfeeding"
2929:"Kathleen Folbigg's children likely died of natural causes, not murder. Here's the evidence my team found"
5554:
807:
estimated that between 1% and 5% of SIDS cases were potentially attributable to undiagnosed infanticide.
2648:"Small for gestational age infants and sudden infant death syndrome: a confluence of complex conditions"
1645:
Duncan JR, Byard RW (2018). "Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: An Overview". In Duncan JR, Byard RW (eds.).
5246:
4833:
5316:
4216:"The UK accelerated immunisation programme and sudden unexpected death in infancy: case-control study"
2841:
Mage DT, Donner EM (September 2004). "The fifty percent male excess of infant respiratory mortality".
1153:
5688:
5625:
5241:
5108:
2811:
2065:
Anderson TM, Lavista Ferres JM, Ren SY, Moon RY, Goldstein RD, Ramirez JM, Mitchell EA (April 2019).
811:
2798:
2624:
2425:
1846:
658:
A 2022 study found that infants who died of SIDS exhibited significantly lower specific activity of
5693:
5683:
5635:
5158:
4921:
1077:
667:
4696:
1860:
5153:
1782:
1082:
2960:"Kathleen Folbigg pardoned and released after 20 years in jail over deaths of her four children"
2383:
Carpenter R, McGarvey C, Mitchell EA, Tappin DM, Vennemann MM, Smuk M, Carpenter JR (May 2013).
1997:
Sullivan FM, Barlow SM (April 2001). "Review of risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome".
5384:
2570:
Fleming PJ, Blair PS (February 2015). "Making informed choices on co-sleeping with your baby".
366:
180:
4961:
2034:
1295:
1254:
853:
Sleeping on the back has been found to reduce the risk of SIDS. It is thus recommended by the
686:
from 1994 found that antimony- and phosphorus-containing compounds used as fire retardants in
662:, an enzyme involved in the brain's arousal pathway, shortly after birth. This can serve as a
5143:
2067:"Maternal Smoking Before and During Pregnancy and the Risk of Sudden Unexpected Infant Death"
1409:
1067:
780:
696:
659:
468:
31:
5362:
5301:
5201:
5175:
4986:
4721:
1023:
921:
754:
663:
647:
4791:
4402:
Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, et al. (December 2012).
3420:
Nevas M, Lindström M, Virtanen A, Hielm S, Kuusi M, Arnon SS, et al. (January 2005).
1742:
1042:
Many popular media portrayals of infants show them in non-recommended sleeping positions.
315:
may also be preventative. Measures not shown to be useful include positioning devices and
8:
5630:
5615:
4899:
3422:"Infant botulism acquired from household dust presenting as sudden infant death syndrome"
937:
747:
552:
was 0.73/1000, while the SIDS rate for births at 28–31 weeks of gestation was 2.39/1000.
327:
4438:
3373:"Post-mortem analysis for two prevalent beta-oxidation mutations in sudden infant death"
1692:
Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, et al. (October 2016).
399:
After investigation, some of these infant deaths are found to be caused by suffocation,
5698:
5123:
4671:
4593:
4510:
4498:
4451:
4372:
4327:
4191:
4166:
4142:
4115:
3998:
3973:
3949:
3924:
3905:
3857:
3832:
3787:
Pease AS, Fleming PJ, Hauck FR, Moon RY, Horne RS, L'Hoir MP, et al. (June 2016).
3648:
3578:
3494:
3402:
3353:
3297:
3168:
3155:
3130:
3111:
3017:
2904:
2877:
2720:
2708:
2672:
2647:
2595:
2409:
2384:
2338:
2326:
2283:
2233:
2185:
2158:
2139:
2091:
2066:
1967:
1942:
1718:
1693:
1512:
1487:
1230:
1205:
810:
Some have underestimated the risk of two SIDS deaths occurring in the same family; the
98:
4904:
4419:
4167:"Immunisation and the sudden infant death syndrome. New Zealand Cot Death Study Group"
3446:
3421:
3341:
2271:
1813:"Sudden Unexpected Infant Death and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: About SUID and SIDS"
1709:
901:
5337:
5276:
5098:
4932:
4814:
4804:
4756:
4663:
4628:
4502:
4443:
4428:
4354:
4319:
4283:
4245:
4240:
4215:
4196:
4147:
4062:
4003:
3954:
3897:
3893:
3862:
3810:
3726:
3701:
3640:
3605:
3570:
3535:
3486:
3451:
3394:
3389:
3372:
3345:
3289:
3172:
3160:
3103:
3056:
3052:
3009:
2967:
2909:
2858:
2755:
2712:
2677:
2587:
2552:
2499:
2489:
2462:
2414:
2365:
2330:
2275:
2225:
2221:
2190:
2131:
2096:
2014:
2010:
1972:
1911:
1901:
1757:
1723:
1662:
1652:
1589:
1517:
1465:
1342:
1332:
1303:
1262:
1235:
1072:
944:, though it is the leading cause of death in healthy infants after one month of age.
532:
159:
85:
4972:
4597:
4514:
4482:
4331:
3652:
3582:
3406:
3301:
3021:
2724:
2599:
2342:
2287:
2255:
2237:
2143:
512:
Room sharing as opposed to solitary sleeping is known to decrease the risk of SIDS.
5231:
5206:
4783:
4675:
4655:
4620:
4585:
4494:
4455:
4433:
4423:
4415:
4311:
4275:
4235:
4227:
4186:
4178:
4137:
4127:
4052:
3993:
3989:
3985:
3944:
3936:
3909:
3889:
3852:
3844:
3800:
3769:
3632:
3562:
3525:
3498:
3478:
3441:
3433:
3384:
3357:
3337:
3281:
3150:
3142:
3115:
3095:
3048:
3001:
2899:
2889:
2850:
2747:
2704:
2667:
2659:
2579:
2542:
2452:
2404:
2396:
2322:
2267:
2217:
2180:
2170:
2123:
2086:
2078:
2006:
1962:
1954:
1713:
1705:
1581:
1507:
1499:
1457:
1225:
1217:
771:
For example, an infant with MCAD deficiency might die by "classical SIDS" if found
740:
702:
631:
593:
476:
443:
331:
320:
296:
193:
4279:
3437:
2486:
SIDS Sudden Infant and Early Childhood Death: The Past, the Present and the Future
1898:
SIDS Sudden Infant and Early Childhood Death: The Past, the Present and the Future
1648:
SIDS Sudden Infant and Early Childhood Death: The Past, the Present and the Future
1329:
SIDS Sudden Infant and Early Childhood Death: The Past, the Present and the Future
976:
The rate of SIDS per 1000 births varies among ethnic groups in the United States:
80:
campaign encourages having infants sleep on their back to reduce the risk of SIDS.
5655:
5605:
5534:
5509:
5479:
5389:
5296:
5236:
4926:
3752:
3530:
3513:
3131:"Butyrylcholinesterase is a potential biomarker for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome"
2802:
2531:"Breastfeeding and reduced risk of sudden infant death syndrome: a meta-analysis"
2052:
2041:
1059:
941:
823:
682:
620:
545:
392:
3146:
2751:
2400:
1812:
1410:"Ways To Reduce the Risk of SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Causes of Infant Death"
5645:
5529:
5469:
5133:
5128:
5118:
5113:
5078:
4975:
4937:
4787:
3636:
2481:
1893:
1646:
1324:
949:
787:
489:
475:
and its derivatives in the baby. Nicotine and derivatives cause alterations in
4659:
4589:
4132:
3566:
3482:
2854:
2127:
803:
campaign suggests that these figures were substantially inflated. In 2006 the
5672:
5650:
5620:
5600:
5459:
5434:
5357:
5271:
5261:
5256:
5170:
5063:
4818:
4344:
4231:
3698:
Cradle of Death: A Shocking True Story of a Mother, Multiple Murder, and SIDS
3285:
2971:
2894:
1958:
1469:
862:
830:
800:
536:
520:
336:
316:
308:
268:
221:
144:
139:
77:
4889:
4624:
3940:
3848:
2663:
1445:
5489:
5484:
5464:
5444:
5430:
5374:
5221:
5103:
5053:
4748:
4667:
4632:
4506:
4447:
4287:
4249:
4214:
Fleming PJ, Blair PS, Platt MW, Tripp J, Smith IJ, Golding J (April 2001).
4151:
4066:
4057:
4007:
3958:
3901:
3866:
3814:
3805:
3788:
3644:
3574:
3539:
3490:
3455:
3398:
3349:
3293:
3164:
3107:
3099:
3060:
3013:
3005:
2913:
2862:
2681:
2591:
2556:
2547:
2530:
2503:
2466:
2457:
2440:
2418:
2369:
2279:
2229:
2194:
2175:
2135:
2100:
2082:
2018:
1976:
1915:
1761:
1727:
1666:
1593:
1521:
1461:
1346:
1239:
624:
540:
400:
312:
4358:
4323:
4315:
4200:
4114:
Müller-Nordhorn J, Hettler-Chen CM, Keil T, Muckelbauer R (January 2015).
4113:
3833:"The Emerging Market of Smartphone-Integrated Infant Physiologic Monitors"
3755:(Website). Royal Statistical Society. (2001-10-23) Retrieved on 2007-09-22
3609:
2759:
2716:
2334:
1221:
960:
881:
appears to decrease the risk of SIDS, although the reason is unclear. The
5595:
5590:
5564:
5454:
5439:
5420:
5379:
5347:
5342:
5180:
5058:
4998:
4956:
4182:
3789:"Swaddling and the Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Meta-analysis"
3766:"Reduce the Risk of SIDS & Suffocation - AAP general recommendations"
3674:
1585:
1446:"Distinguishing sudden infant death syndrome from child abuse fatalities"
795:
758:
720:
719:
Some conditions that are often undiagnosed and could be confused with or
670:
575:
500:
493:
404:
382:
284:
276:
149:
124:
3745:
2773:
Mage DT (1996). "A probability model for the age distribution of SIDS".
1011:
5574:
5519:
5514:
5504:
5499:
5352:
5226:
5088:
5083:
5039:
4981:
1943:"Widening social inequalities in risk for sudden infant death syndrome"
764:
559:
370:
272:
93:
4872:
4373:"Vaccine Safety: Common Concerns: Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)"
4261:
4259:
2623:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 24 February 2010.
1572:
Moon RY, Fu L (July 2012). "Sudden infant death syndrome: an update".
1503:
5559:
5425:
5404:
5286:
5211:
5163:
5093:
5048:
4967:
2583:
2529:
Hauck FR, Thompson JM, Tanabe KO, Moon RY, Vennemann MM (July 2011).
845:
833:. In the United States, companies that sell the monitors do not have
772:
549:
440:
292:
188:
4843:
4403:
3243:"NIH alerts caregivers to increase in SIDS risk during cold weather"
2113:
388:
investigation of the death scene and circumstances of the death; and
283:. Between 1% and 5% of SIDS cases are estimated to be misidentified
27:
Sudden unexplained death of a child who is less than one year of age
5610:
5549:
5539:
5474:
5311:
5291:
5216:
4256:
4025:
3085:
3036:
925:
Arcutio, a device designed to prevent infant death by suffocation,
878:
734:
630:
Genetic evidence published in November 2020 concerning the case of
570:
472:
304:
288:
259:
and detailed death scene investigation. SIDS usually occurs during
215:
4038:
3037:"Alcohol as a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)"
68:
5569:
5544:
5321:
4844:"Sudden Unexpected Infant Death and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome"
4483:"Sudden infant death syndrome: a subject of medicolegal research"
2836:
2834:
1261:(Second ed.). New York, NY: Springer New York. p. 654.
378:
256:
170:
4915:
829:
Measures not shown to be useful include positioning devices and
694:
It has been suggested that some cases of SIDS may be related to
5494:
5281:
5266:
5029:
4884:
4837:
4265:
3880:
Mitchell EA (November 2009). "SIDS: past, present and future".
3552:
2694:
2382:
1252:
579:
555:
3217:"Groundbreaking New Study Finds Possible Explanation for SIDS"
2831:
2828:
for data on SIDS by gender in the US and throughout the world.
2482:"Shared Sleeping Surfaces and Dangerous Sleeping Environments"
627:
which play an important role in the contraction of the heart.
5399:
3468:
2064:
776:
635:
260:
252:
3595:
2652:
Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition
1161:
964:
Rates of SIDS by race/ethnicity in the U.S., 2009, CDC, 2013
3723:
While Innocents Slept: A Story of Revenge, Murder, and SIDS
3419:
414:(SUDI) for professional, scientific, and coronial clarity.
3034:
606:
and an unprotected female would occur with a frequency of
365:
The syndrome applies only to infants under one. SIDS is a
4688:
2795:
2620:
2312:
1124:"How many infants die from SIDS or are at risk for SIDS?"
687:
4547:"Saving babies: Exposing Sudden Infant Death In America"
4300:
3972:
Jaafar SH, Ho JJ, Jahanfar S, Angolkar M (August 2016).
3971:
3922:
3511:
1787:
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
1617:
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
1384:
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
1128:
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
859:
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
619:
About 10 to 20% of SIDS cases are believed to be due to
4487:
The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology
4401:
4164:
3219:. Goods News Network. Goods News Network. 17 May 2022.
2528:
531:
SIDS rates decrease with increasing maternal age, with
4645:
4213:
1691:
596:. An unprotected male would occur with a frequency of
4747:
4165:
Mitchell EA, Stewart AW, Clements M (December 1995).
3830:
3786:
3327:
3128:
3035:
Phillips DP, Brewer KM, Wadensweiler P (March 2011).
1488:"Ten Percent of SIDS Cases are Murder - or are They?"
1293:
779:, with its head covered, in an overheated room where
728:
medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency
4862:
3512:
Stray-Pedersen A, Vege A, Rognum TO (October 2008).
2878:"Inherited arrhythmias: The cardiac channelopathies"
2156:
1940:
1253:
Gilbert-Barness E, Spicer DE, Steffensen TS (2013).
1049:
3831:Bonafide CP, Jamison DT, Foglia EE (January 2017).
3596:Du Chesne A, Bajanowski T, Brinkmann B (1997). "".
3187:"Researchers Pinpoint Reason Infants Die From SIDS"
786:A 2010 study looked at 554 autopsies of infants in
3923:Mitchell EA, Hutchison L, Stewart AW (July 2007).
2991:
2737:
2355:
2032:Office of the Surgeon General of the United States
1941:Pickett KE, Luo Y, Lauderdale DS (November 2005).
1439:
1437:
1435:
319:. Evidence is not sufficient for the use of fans.
5670:
3622:
3129:Harrington CT, Hafid NA, Waters KA (June 2022).
2875:
2790:
2788:
2488:. Adelaide (AU): University of Adelaide Press.
2035:Report on Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke
1839:"Preventing sudden unexpected death in infancy"
1432:
1331:. Adelaide (AU): University of Adelaide Press.
526:
467:SIDS rates are higher in babies of mothers who
3370:
2479:
2253:
2157:Lavezzi AM, Corna MF, Matturri L (July 2010).
1996:
1866:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
1815:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
1374:
1372:
1370:
1368:
5524:(American 'crib' and 'cradle', British 'cot')
5014:
4803:(2nd ed.). Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
4610:
2254:Moon RY, Horne RS, Hauck FR (November 2007).
1607:
1605:
1603:
1481:
1479:
3824:
3371:Yang Z, Lantz PE, Ibdah JA (December 2007).
2785:
2775:J Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Infant Mortal
2569:
1934:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1485:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
650:was linked to a more than doubling of risk.
4850:. Center for Disease Control and Prevention
4540:
4538:
4536:
4032:
3978:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
3714:
2249:
2247:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1894:"Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: Definitions"
1644:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1365:
1203:
980:Central Americans and South Americans: 0.20
504:parents who do not smoke or use drugs. The
5028:
5021:
5007:
4575:
4544:
4377:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
3925:"The continuing decline in SIDS mortality"
3689:
2926:
2840:
2207:
2107:
1775:
1734:
1640:
1638:
1600:
1476:
1199:
1158:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1146:
857:and promoted as a best practice by the US
431:(SUID) and that SIDS is a subset of SUID.
425:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
307:, and avoiding exposure to tobacco smoke.
67:
4798:
4437:
4427:
4239:
4190:
4141:
4131:
4077:
4056:
4024:. American SIDS Institute. Archived from
3997:
3948:
3873:
3856:
3804:
3529:
3445:
3388:
3154:
2903:
2893:
2671:
2615:
2613:
2611:
2609:
2546:
2456:
2408:
2184:
2174:
2090:
1966:
1717:
1685:
1511:
1294:Sethuraman C, Coombs R, Cohen MC (2014).
1229:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1105:
714:
427:have proposed that such deaths be called
4689:Brathwaite-Fisher T, Bronheim A (2001).
4533:
3879:
2244:
1983:
1740:
1528:
1300:Pediatric & Perinatal Autopsy Manual
959:
920:
844:
673:dysfunction and elevated risk for SIDS.
535:at greatest risk. Delayed or inadequate
346:
332:death in children less than one year old
4755:. Calabasas, Calif.: Monte Nido Press.
4719:
4395:
3555:International Journal of Legal Medicine
3274:Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy
2432:
2116:International Journal of Legal Medicine
1635:
1325:"Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: History"
1259:Handbook of pediatric autopsy pathology
767:, child smothering during carer's sleep
743:(accounting for less than 2% of cases);
407:, neglect or some other defined cause.
14:
5671:
4480:
4365:
3776:from the original on 13 December 2009.
3720:
2606:
1571:
1176:
1002:
837:approval for them as medical devices.
5002:
4769:
4073:from the original on 25 October 2016.
3695:
3271:
3067:from the original on 6 September 2017
1999:Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
1922:from the original on 24 February 2021
1891:
1793:from the original on 23 February 2015
1771:from the original on 2 February 2014.
1443:
1322:
1093:Sudden unexplained death in childhood
666:to identify infants with a potential
623:, which are inherited defects in the
410:Australia and New Zealand shifted to
326:Rates of SIDS vary nearly tenfold in
5139:Infant respiratory distress syndrome
3746:=1225 "About Statistics and the Law"
2957:
2772:
2645:
2510:from the original on 4 November 2022
2438:
1613:"How can I reduce the risk of SIDS?"
1298:. In Cohen MC, Scheimberg I (eds.).
1296:"Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy"
1275:from the original on 14 January 2023
1006:
942:disorders related to short gestation
840:
4732:from the original on 1 August 2016.
4521:from the original on 29 August 2021
3247:National Institutes of Health (NIH)
2740:The New England Journal of Medicine
2294:from the original on 29 August 2021
1743:"Deaths: preliminary data for 2011"
1210:The New England Journal of Medicine
1204:Kinney HC, Thach BT (August 2009).
24:
4740:
4499:10.1097/01.paf.0000220934.18700.ef
4383:from the original on 17 April 2016
3253:from the original on 10 April 2019
2709:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1992.tb12234.x
2627:from the original on 24 April 2010
2327:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12878.x
1819:from the original on 20 April 2016
1206:"The sudden infant death syndrome"
849:SIDS rate from 1988 to 2006 (U.S.)
412:sudden unexpected death in infancy
25:
5710:
4827:
4648:Maternal and Child Health Journal
2939:from the original on 4 March 2021
2484:. In Duncan JR, Byard RW (eds.).
1947:American Journal of Public Health
1896:. In Duncan JR, Byard RW (eds.).
1750:National Vital Statistics Reports
1486:Milroy CM, Kepron C (June 2017).
1420:from the original on 7 March 2016
1390:from the original on 2 April 2015
1353:from the original on 27 July 2022
1327:. In Duncan JR, Byard RW (eds.).
1134:from the original on 2 April 2015
4462:from the original on 19 May 2020
4171:Archives of Disease in Childhood
3929:Archives of Disease in Childhood
3894:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01503.x
3426:Journal of Clinical Microbiology
3390:10.1111/j.1442-200X.2007.02478.x
3223:from the original on 22 May 2022
3197:from the original on 10 May 2022
3053:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03199.x
2994:American Journal of Perinatology
2876:Behere SP, Weindling SN (2014).
2424:
2222:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.3345
2011:10.1046/j.1365-3016.2001.00330.x
1900:. University of Adelaide Press.
1873:from the original on 13 May 2016
1861:"Sudden Unexpected Infant Death"
1741:Hoyert DL, Xu J (October 2012).
1673:from the original on 2 July 2020
1651:. University of Adelaide Press.
1619:. 22 August 2014. Archived from
1088:Sudden unexpected death syndrome
1052:
1010:
582:, occurring with a frequency of
515:
462:
5074:Breastfeeding and mental health
4713:
4682:
4639:
4604:
4578:Tion Research and Policy Review
4569:
4474:
4338:
4294:
4207:
4158:
4107:
4014:
3965:
3916:
3780:
3758:
3739:
3659:
3616:
3589:
3546:
3505:
3462:
3413:
3364:
3321:
3308:
3265:
3235:
3209:
3179:
3122:
3079:
3028:
2985:
2951:
2920:
2869:
2766:
2731:
2688:
2639:
2563:
2522:
2473:
2376:
2358:The New Zealand Medical Journal
2349:
2306:
2201:
2150:
2058:
2025:
1885:
1853:
1831:
1805:
916:
867:gastroesophageal reflux disease
453:
429:sudden unexpected infant deaths
4722:"Sudden Infant Death Syndrome"
4720:Burnett LB (20 October 2019).
4089:American Academy of Pediatrics
3990:10.1002/14651858.CD007202.pub4
2927:de Vinuesa CG (4 March 2021).
2882:Annals of Pediatric Cardiology
2256:"Sudden infant death syndrome"
1783:"Sudden Infant Death Syndrome"
1402:
1316:
1287:
1246:
907:
883:American Academy of Pediatrics
855:American Academy of Pediatrics
805:American Academy of Pediatrics
506:American Academy of Pediatrics
13:
1:
5069:Breastfeeding and medications
4420:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0
4280:10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.02.077
3438:10.1128/JCM.43.1.511-513.2005
3342:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60798-9
2480:Young J, Shipstone R (2018).
2272:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61662-6
1710:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1
1098:
983:Asian/Pacific Islanders: 0.28
817:
381:(by an experienced pediatric
342:
5631:Neonatal withdrawal syndrome
5252:Infant cognitive development
5149:Neonatal intensive care unit
3531:10.1203/PDR.0b013e31818095f7
1845:. April 2008. Archived from
872:
709:
527:Pregnancy and infant factors
251:, is the sudden unexplained
241:Sudden infant death syndrome
45:Sudden infant death syndrome
18:Sudden infant death syndrome
7:
5555:Supplemental nursing system
4751:, Hoppenbrouwers T (2004).
3147:10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104041
2752:10.1056/NEJM198704303161804
2401:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002299
1492:Academic Forensic Pathology
1045:
592:that is protective against
565:
482:
10:
5715:
5307:Prenatal development table
5247:Irritant diaper dermatitis
4788:10.1001/archpedi.158.4.405
3637:10.1177/003693300104600206
2796:CDC WONDER online database
1302:. Cambridge. p. 319.
927:Philosophical Transactions
888:
641:
439:SIDS has a four-parameter
373:investigation, including:
29:
5679:Ailments of unknown cause
5626:Prenatal cocaine exposure
5583:
5414:Infant care and equipment
5413:
5331:Socialization and Culture
5330:
5242:Infant visual development
5194:
5109:Infant and toddler safety
5037:
4947:
4866:
4660:10.1007/s10995-010-0718-0
4613:The Journal of Pediatrics
4590:10.1007/s11113-009-9130-0
4133:10.1186/s12887-015-0318-7
3567:10.1007/s00414-005-0538-8
3483:10.1007/s00246-009-9417-2
2855:10.1080/08035250410031305
2812:World Health Organization
2646:Hunt CE (November 2007).
2439:Moon RY (November 2011).
2128:10.1007/s00414-007-0155-9
812:Royal Statistical Society
594:transient cerebral anoxia
539:also increases risk. Low
395:of the infant and family.
230:
205:
179:
158:
132:Sleeping on belly or side
123:
115:
111:One to four months in age
107:
84:
75:
66:
49:
44:
5636:Parental child abduction
5159:Oral rehydration therapy
4776:Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med
4481:Sharma BR (March 2007).
4302:Syndrome risk factors".
4232:10.1136/bmj.322.7290.822
3751:2 September 2007 at the
3625:Scottish Medical Journal
3377:Pediatrics International
3286:10.1586/14779072.4.3.335
2895:10.4103/0974-2069.164695
2808:"WHO Mortality Database"
1959:10.2105/AJPH.2004.059063
1078:Neonatal isoerythrolysis
653:
5641:Parental responsibility
5154:Newborn care and safety
4625:10.1067/mpd.2001.112248
3941:10.1136/adc.2007.116194
3849:10.1001/jama.2016.19137
3598:Archiv für Kriminologie
2664:10.1136/adc.2006.112243
1255:"Sudden Death Syndrome"
1083:Newborn care and safety
995:African Americans: 1.08
955:
5385:Grandparent visitation
4545:Bowman L, Hargrove T.
4058:10.1542/peds.2016-2938
3806:10.1542/peds.2015-3275
3100:10.1542/peds.2012-1907
3006:10.1055/s-0032-1331035
2958:Rose T (5 June 2023).
2548:10.1542/peds.2010-3000
2458:10.1542/peds.2011-2284
2176:10.1186/1749-8104-5-17
2083:10.1542/peds.2018-3325
1462:10.1542/peds.2006-1245
1444:Hymel KP (July 2006).
965:
930:
850:
715:Differential diagnosis
469:smoke during pregnancy
434:
421:
367:diagnosis of exclusion
362:
337:"safe sleep" campaigns
299:, and heart problems.
287:caused by intentional
273:Accidental suffocation
247:), sometimes known as
181:Differential diagnosis
5144:Infant sleep training
4429:10536/DRO/DU:30050819
4316:10.1542/peds.79.4.598
3671:CharlotteObserver.com
1222:10.1056/NEJMra0803836
1154:"Sudden Infant Death"
1068:Fading puppy syndrome
998:Native American: 1.24
963:
924:
848:
794:Several instances of
751:bacterial infections;
697:Staphylococcus aureus
660:butyrylcholinesterase
416:
360:
335:to 80% in areas with
32:SIDS (disambiguation)
5302:Prenatal development
5202:Attachment parenting
5176:Shaken baby syndrome
4799:Ottaviani G (2014).
4183:10.1136/adc.73.6.498
3471:Pediatric Cardiology
3249:. 3 September 2015.
2321:(Suppl 389): 57–59.
1849:on 12 December 2009.
1704:(10053): 1459–1544.
1586:10.1542/pir.33-7-314
1574:Pediatrics in Review
1130:. 19 November 2013.
938:congenital disorders
781:parents were smoking
755:shaken baby syndrome
680:A 2-part edition of
648:alcohol use disorder
423:In addition, the US
30:For other uses, see
5616:Infant ear piercing
4848:Data and Statistics
4794:on 17 October 2008.
4772:"Book Review: SIDS"
4557:on 26 February 2009
4414:(9859): 2095–2128.
4022:"What Can Be Done?"
3667:"Cradle of Secrets"
3336:(9627): 1848–1853.
2266:(9598): 1578–1587.
1623:on 27 February 2015
1416:. 20 January 2016.
1380:"What causes SIDS?"
1003:Society and culture
989:Puerto Ricans: 0.53
757:and other forms of
748:Helicobacter pylori
723:with SIDS include:
391:exploration of the
328:developed countries
5124:Infant food safety
4948:External resources
4379:. 28 August 2015.
4095:on 3 December 2008
3518:Pediatric Research
3316:FSID Press release
2801:2010-04-24 at the
2163:Neural Development
2051:2009-02-05 at the
2040:2011-08-06 at the
1843:Ministry of Health
1022:. You can help by
966:
931:
851:
730:(MCAD deficiency);
363:
281:weeks of gestation
99:Forensic pathology
5666:
5665:
5526:
5363:Children's rights
5277:Object permanence
5099:Failure to thrive
4996:
4995:
4762:978-0-9742663-0-5
4274:(26): 4875–4879.
3888:(11): 1712–1719.
3732:978-0-312-97517-3
3721:Havill A (2002).
3707:978-0-312-97302-5
3677:on 11 August 2011
2746:(18): 1122–1126.
2495:978-1-925261-67-7
1953:(11): 1976–1981.
1892:Byard RW (2018).
1504:10.23907/2017.018
1386:. 12 April 2013.
1338:978-1-925261-67-7
1073:Failure to thrive
1040:
1039:
841:Sleep positioning
361:Video explanation
358:
297:genetic disorders
238:
237:
234:1 in 1,000–10,000
194:Genetic disorders
160:Diagnostic method
39:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
5706:
5689:Infant mortality
5522:
5207:Baby-led weaning
5023:
5016:
5009:
5000:
4999:
4864:
4863:
4859:
4857:
4855:
4822:
4795:
4790:. Archived from
4770:Lewak N (2004).
4766:
4734:
4733:
4717:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4707:
4701:
4686:
4680:
4679:
4643:
4637:
4636:
4608:
4602:
4601:
4573:
4567:
4566:
4564:
4562:
4553:. Archived from
4542:
4531:
4530:
4528:
4526:
4478:
4472:
4471:
4469:
4467:
4441:
4431:
4399:
4393:
4392:
4390:
4388:
4369:
4363:
4362:
4347:Medicina Clinica
4342:
4336:
4335:
4298:
4292:
4291:
4263:
4254:
4253:
4243:
4211:
4205:
4204:
4194:
4162:
4156:
4155:
4145:
4135:
4111:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4100:
4091:. Archived from
4081:
4075:
4074:
4060:
4051:(5): e20162938.
4036:
4030:
4029:
4028:on 21 June 2003.
4018:
4012:
4011:
4001:
3969:
3963:
3962:
3952:
3920:
3914:
3913:
3882:Acta Paediatrica
3877:
3871:
3870:
3860:
3828:
3822:
3821:
3808:
3799:(6): e20153275.
3784:
3778:
3777:
3770:Healthy Children
3762:
3756:
3743:
3737:
3736:
3718:
3712:
3711:
3696:Glatt J (2000).
3693:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3682:
3673:. Archived from
3663:
3657:
3656:
3620:
3614:
3613:
3593:
3587:
3586:
3550:
3544:
3543:
3533:
3509:
3503:
3502:
3466:
3460:
3459:
3449:
3417:
3411:
3410:
3392:
3368:
3362:
3361:
3325:
3319:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3269:
3263:
3262:
3260:
3258:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3213:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3202:
3183:
3177:
3176:
3158:
3126:
3120:
3119:
3094:(3): e770–e778.
3083:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3032:
3026:
3025:
2989:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2978:
2955:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2944:
2933:The Conversation
2924:
2918:
2917:
2907:
2897:
2873:
2867:
2866:
2849:(9): 1210–1215.
2843:Acta Paediatrica
2838:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2814:. Archived from
2792:
2783:
2782:
2770:
2764:
2763:
2735:
2729:
2728:
2697:Acta Paediatrica
2692:
2686:
2685:
2675:
2658:(6): F428–F429.
2643:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2632:
2617:
2604:
2603:
2584:10.1136/bmj.h563
2567:
2561:
2560:
2550:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2460:
2451:(5): 1030–1039.
2436:
2430:
2429:
2428:
2422:
2412:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2353:
2347:
2346:
2315:Acta Paediatrica
2310:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2251:
2242:
2241:
2205:
2199:
2198:
2188:
2178:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2094:
2077:(4): e20183325.
2062:
2056:
2029:
2023:
2022:
1994:
1981:
1980:
1970:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1872:
1865:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1809:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1789:. 27 June 2013.
1779:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1747:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1721:
1689:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1642:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1609:
1598:
1597:
1569:
1526:
1525:
1515:
1483:
1474:
1473:
1441:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1376:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1323:Raven L (2018).
1320:
1314:
1313:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1250:
1244:
1243:
1233:
1201:
1174:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1164:on 18 March 2013
1160:. Archived from
1150:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1120:
1062:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1035:
1032:
1014:
1007:
741:long QT syndrome
703:Escherichia coli
632:Kathleen Folbigg
615:
614:
610:
605:
604:
600:
591:
590:
586:
477:neurodevelopment
444:age distribution
359:
71:
42:
41:
21:
5714:
5713:
5709:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5704:
5703:
5694:Sleep disorders
5684:Causes of death
5669:
5668:
5667:
5662:
5656:Paternity fraud
5606:Closed adoption
5579:
5535:Infant clothing
5510:Haberman Feeder
5480:Car seat safety
5409:
5390:Infant swimming
5368:UN Child rights
5326:
5237:Gestational age
5190:
5033:
5027:
4997:
4992:
4991:
4943:
4942:
4875:
4853:
4851:
4842:
4830:
4825:
4811:
4763:
4743:
4741:Further reading
4738:
4737:
4718:
4714:
4705:
4703:
4699:
4687:
4683:
4644:
4640:
4609:
4605:
4574:
4570:
4560:
4558:
4551:DailyCamera.com
4543:
4534:
4524:
4522:
4479:
4475:
4465:
4463:
4400:
4396:
4386:
4384:
4371:
4370:
4366:
4353:(17): 649–652.
4343:
4339:
4299:
4295:
4264:
4257:
4212:
4208:
4163:
4159:
4112:
4108:
4098:
4096:
4083:
4082:
4078:
4037:
4033:
4020:
4019:
4015:
3984:(8): CD007202.
3970:
3966:
3921:
3917:
3878:
3874:
3829:
3825:
3785:
3781:
3764:
3763:
3759:
3753:Wayback Machine
3744:
3740:
3733:
3719:
3715:
3708:
3694:
3690:
3680:
3678:
3665:
3664:
3660:
3621:
3617:
3594:
3590:
3551:
3547:
3510:
3506:
3467:
3463:
3418:
3414:
3369:
3365:
3326:
3322:
3313:
3309:
3270:
3266:
3256:
3254:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3226:
3224:
3215:
3214:
3210:
3200:
3198:
3185:
3184:
3180:
3127:
3123:
3084:
3080:
3070:
3068:
3033:
3029:
2990:
2986:
2976:
2974:
2956:
2952:
2942:
2940:
2925:
2921:
2874:
2870:
2839:
2832:
2821:
2819:
2818:on 27 June 2004
2806:
2803:Wayback Machine
2793:
2786:
2771:
2767:
2736:
2732:
2693:
2689:
2644:
2640:
2630:
2628:
2619:
2618:
2607:
2568:
2564:
2527:
2523:
2513:
2511:
2496:
2478:
2474:
2437:
2433:
2423:
2381:
2377:
2364:(1307): 69–75.
2354:
2350:
2311:
2307:
2297:
2295:
2252:
2245:
2210:JAMA Pediatrics
2206:
2202:
2155:
2151:
2112:
2108:
2063:
2059:
2053:Wayback Machine
2042:Wayback Machine
2030:
2026:
1995:
1984:
1939:
1935:
1925:
1923:
1908:
1890:
1886:
1876:
1874:
1870:
1863:
1859:
1858:
1854:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1822:
1820:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1796:
1794:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1768:
1745:
1739:
1735:
1690:
1686:
1676:
1674:
1659:
1643:
1636:
1626:
1624:
1611:
1610:
1601:
1570:
1529:
1484:
1477:
1442:
1433:
1423:
1421:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1393:
1391:
1378:
1377:
1366:
1356:
1354:
1339:
1321:
1317:
1310:
1292:
1288:
1278:
1276:
1269:
1251:
1247:
1202:
1177:
1167:
1165:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1137:
1135:
1122:
1121:
1106:
1101:
1060:Medicine portal
1058:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1020:needs expansion
1005:
958:
919:
910:
891:
875:
843:
820:
717:
712:
683:The Cook Report
656:
644:
621:channelopathies
612:
608:
607:
602:
598:
597:
588:
584:
583:
568:
546:Premature birth
533:teenage mothers
529:
518:
490:stuffed animals
485:
465:
456:
437:
393:medical history
385:, if possible);
347:
345:
226:
212:Sleeping supine
201:
175:
154:
103:
62:
40:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5712:
5702:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5664:
5663:
5661:
5660:
5659:
5658:
5648:
5646:Parenting plan
5643:
5638:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5598:
5593:
5587:
5585:
5581:
5580:
5578:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5530:Infant carrier
5527:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5470:Baby transport
5467:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5428:
5423:
5417:
5415:
5411:
5410:
5408:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5371:
5370:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5334:
5332:
5328:
5327:
5325:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5198:
5196:
5192:
5191:
5189:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5167:
5166:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5134:Infant massage
5131:
5129:Infant formula
5126:
5121:
5119:Infant feeding
5116:
5114:Infant bathing
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5079:Bottle feeding
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5045:
5043:
5035:
5034:
5032:and their care
5026:
5025:
5018:
5011:
5003:
4994:
4993:
4990:
4989:
4978:
4964:
4952:
4951:
4949:
4945:
4944:
4941:
4940:
4929:
4918:
4907:
4892:
4876:
4871:
4870:
4868:
4867:Classification
4861:
4860:
4840:
4829:
4828:External links
4826:
4824:
4823:
4809:
4796:
4767:
4761:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4736:
4735:
4712:
4681:
4638:
4619:(5): 661–667.
4603:
4584:(6): 817–851.
4568:
4532:
4473:
4394:
4364:
4337:
4310:(4): 598–611.
4293:
4255:
4206:
4177:(6): 498–501.
4157:
4120:BMC Pediatrics
4106:
4076:
4031:
4013:
3964:
3935:(7): 625–626.
3915:
3872:
3843:(4): 353–354.
3823:
3779:
3757:
3738:
3731:
3713:
3706:
3688:
3658:
3615:
3604:(1–2): 21–26.
3588:
3561:(4): 213–216.
3545:
3524:(4): 405–410.
3504:
3477:(4): 502–509.
3461:
3432:(1): 511–513.
3412:
3383:(6): 883–887.
3363:
3320:
3307:
3280:(3): 335–343.
3264:
3234:
3208:
3178:
3121:
3078:
3047:(3): 516–525.
3027:
3000:(9): 703–714.
2984:
2950:
2919:
2888:(3): 210–220.
2868:
2830:
2784:
2765:
2730:
2703:(4): 319–321.
2687:
2638:
2605:
2562:
2541:(1): 103–110.
2521:
2494:
2472:
2431:
2395:(5): e002299.
2375:
2348:
2305:
2243:
2216:(2): 175–180.
2200:
2149:
2106:
2057:
2024:
2005:(2): 144–200.
1982:
1933:
1906:
1884:
1852:
1830:
1804:
1774:
1733:
1684:
1657:
1634:
1599:
1580:(7): 314–320.
1527:
1498:(2): 163–170.
1475:
1456:(1): 421–427.
1431:
1401:
1364:
1337:
1315:
1308:
1286:
1267:
1245:
1216:(8): 795–805.
1175:
1145:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1064:
1063:
1047:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1017:
1015:
1004:
1001:
1000:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
986:Mexicans: 0.24
984:
981:
957:
954:
918:
915:
909:
906:
902:baby sleep bag
900:The use of a "
890:
887:
874:
871:
842:
839:
819:
816:
788:North Carolina
769:
768:
762:
752:
744:
738:
731:
716:
713:
711:
708:
655:
652:
643:
640:
567:
564:
528:
525:
517:
514:
484:
481:
464:
461:
455:
452:
436:
433:
397:
396:
389:
386:
344:
341:
236:
235:
232:
228:
227:
225:
224:
219:
213:
209:
207:
203:
202:
200:
199:
198:Heart problems
196:
191:
185:
183:
177:
176:
174:
173:
168:
164:
162:
156:
155:
153:
152:
147:
142:
136:
133:
129:
127:
121:
120:
117:
113:
112:
109:
105:
104:
102:
101:
96:
90:
88:
82:
81:
73:
72:
64:
63:
61:
60:
57:
53:
51:
47:
46:
38:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5711:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5676:
5674:
5657:
5654:
5653:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5621:Open adoption
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5601:Child neglect
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5588:
5586:
5582:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5525:
5521:
5518:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5496:
5493:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5435:Hidden camera
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5418:
5416:
5412:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5373:
5369:
5366:
5365:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5358:Child custody
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5335:
5333:
5329:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5272:Nursery rhyme
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5262:Kangaroo care
5260:
5258:
5257:Infant crying
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5199:
5197:
5193:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5171:Preterm birth
5169:
5165:
5162:
5161:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5064:Breastfeeding
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5024:
5019:
5017:
5012:
5010:
5005:
5004:
5001:
4988:
4984:
4983:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4970:
4969:
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4908:
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4897:
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4887:
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4878:
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4820:
4816:
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4810:9783319083469
4806:
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4797:
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4789:
4785:
4781:
4777:
4773:
4768:
4764:
4758:
4754:
4750:
4746:
4745:
4731:
4727:
4723:
4716:
4702:on 2010-06-12
4698:
4694:
4693:
4685:
4677:
4673:
4669:
4665:
4661:
4657:
4653:
4649:
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4360:
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4325:
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4317:
4313:
4309:
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4297:
4289:
4285:
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4277:
4273:
4269:
4262:
4260:
4251:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4233:
4229:
4226:(7290): 822.
4225:
4221:
4217:
4210:
4202:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4176:
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4134:
4129:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4110:
4094:
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4046:
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4027:
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4017:
4009:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3991:
3987:
3983:
3979:
3975:
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3956:
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3783:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3761:
3754:
3750:
3747:
3742:
3734:
3728:
3725:. Macmillan.
3724:
3717:
3709:
3703:
3700:. Macmillan.
3699:
3692:
3676:
3672:
3668:
3662:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3642:
3638:
3634:
3630:
3626:
3619:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3600:(in German).
3599:
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3584:
3580:
3576:
3572:
3568:
3564:
3560:
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3416:
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3248:
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3109:
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3101:
3097:
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3066:
3062:
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3046:
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3031:
3023:
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3007:
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2856:
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2497:
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2427:
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2416:
2411:
2406:
2402:
2398:
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2386:
2379:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2352:
2344:
2340:
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2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2309:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2250:
2248:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
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2192:
2187:
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2164:
2160:
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2145:
2141:
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2133:
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2125:
2121:
2117:
2110:
2102:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2061:
2054:
2050:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2028:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1978:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1937:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1907:9781925261677
1903:
1899:
1895:
1888:
1869:
1862:
1856:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1834:
1818:
1814:
1808:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1778:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1744:
1737:
1729:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1688:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1658:9781925261677
1654:
1650:
1649:
1641:
1639:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
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1564:
1562:
1560:
1558:
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1554:
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1544:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1523:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1482:
1480:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1405:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1319:
1311:
1309:9781107646070
1305:
1301:
1297:
1290:
1274:
1270:
1268:9781461467113
1264:
1260:
1256:
1249:
1241:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1186:
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1182:
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1111:
1109:
1104:
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1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1050:
1043:
1034:
1031:November 2020
1025:
1021:
1018:This section
1016:
1013:
1009:
1008:
997:
994:
991:
988:
985:
982:
979:
978:
977:
974:
970:
962:
953:
951:
945:
943:
939:
934:
928:
923:
914:
905:
903:
898:
895:
886:
884:
880:
870:
868:
864:
863:Safe to Sleep
860:
856:
847:
838:
836:
832:
831:baby monitors
827:
825:
815:
813:
808:
806:
802:
801:Safe to Sleep
797:
792:
789:
784:
782:
778:
774:
766:
763:
760:
756:
753:
750:
749:
745:
742:
739:
736:
732:
729:
726:
725:
724:
722:
707:
705:
704:
699:
698:
692:
689:
685:
684:
678:
674:
672:
669:
665:
661:
651:
649:
639:
637:
633:
628:
626:
622:
617:
595:
581:
577:
572:
563:
561:
557:
553:
551:
547:
542:
538:
537:prenatal care
534:
524:
522:
521:Breastfeeding
516:Breastfeeding
513:
510:
507:
502:
501:Sharing a bed
498:
495:
491:
480:
478:
474:
470:
463:Tobacco smoke
460:
451:
447:
445:
442:
432:
430:
426:
420:
415:
413:
408:
406:
402:
394:
390:
387:
384:
380:
376:
375:
374:
372:
368:
340:
338:
333:
329:
324:
322:
321:Grief support
318:
317:baby monitors
314:
310:
309:Breastfeeding
306:
300:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
269:tobacco smoke
264:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
233:
229:
223:
222:Breastfeeding
220:
217:
214:
211:
210:
208:
204:
197:
195:
192:
190:
187:
186:
184:
182:
178:
172:
169:
167:Investigation
166:
165:
163:
161:
157:
151:
148:
146:
145:Preterm birth
143:
141:
140:tobacco smoke
137:
134:
131:
130:
128:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
100:
97:
95:
92:
91:
89:
87:
83:
79:
78:Safe to Sleep
74:
70:
65:
58:
55:
54:
52:
48:
43:
37:
33:
19:
5584:Other topics
5523:
5490:Cradle board
5485:Cloth diaper
5445:Baby shampoo
5431:Baby monitor
5421:Baby bouncer
5375:Circumcision
5222:Birth defect
5185:
5104:Immunization
5054:Birth weight
4980:
4966:
4955:
4931:
4920:
4909:
4894:
4879:
4852:. Retrieved
4847:
4800:
4792:the original
4779:
4775:
4752:
4725:
4715:
4704:. Retrieved
4697:the original
4691:
4684:
4654:(1): 72–82.
4651:
4647:
4641:
4616:
4612:
4606:
4581:
4577:
4571:
4561:30 September
4559:. Retrieved
4555:the original
4550:
4523:. Retrieved
4493:(1): 69–72.
4490:
4486:
4476:
4466:18 September
4464:. Retrieved
4411:
4407:
4397:
4385:. Retrieved
4367:
4350:
4346:
4340:
4307:
4303:
4296:
4271:
4267:
4223:
4219:
4209:
4174:
4170:
4160:
4123:
4119:
4109:
4097:. Retrieved
4093:the original
4079:
4048:
4044:
4034:
4026:the original
4016:
3981:
3977:
3967:
3932:
3928:
3918:
3885:
3881:
3875:
3840:
3836:
3826:
3818:
3796:
3792:
3782:
3760:
3741:
3722:
3716:
3697:
3691:
3679:. Retrieved
3675:the original
3670:
3661:
3631:(2): 43–47.
3628:
3624:
3618:
3601:
3597:
3591:
3558:
3554:
3548:
3521:
3517:
3507:
3474:
3470:
3464:
3429:
3425:
3415:
3380:
3376:
3366:
3333:
3329:
3323:
3310:
3277:
3273:
3267:
3255:. Retrieved
3246:
3237:
3225:. Retrieved
3211:
3199:. Retrieved
3190:
3181:
3138:
3135:eBioMedicine
3134:
3124:
3091:
3087:
3081:
3069:. Retrieved
3044:
3040:
3030:
2997:
2993:
2987:
2975:. Retrieved
2964:The Guardian
2963:
2953:
2941:. Retrieved
2932:
2922:
2885:
2881:
2871:
2846:
2842:
2820:. Retrieved
2816:the original
2778:
2774:
2768:
2743:
2739:
2733:
2700:
2696:
2690:
2655:
2651:
2641:
2629:. Retrieved
2621:"Cdc Wonder"
2575:
2571:
2565:
2538:
2534:
2524:
2512:. Retrieved
2485:
2475:
2448:
2444:
2434:
2392:
2388:
2378:
2361:
2357:
2351:
2318:
2314:
2308:
2296:. Retrieved
2263:
2259:
2213:
2209:
2203:
2166:
2162:
2152:
2122:(1): 23–28.
2119:
2115:
2109:
2074:
2070:
2060:
2027:
2002:
1998:
1950:
1946:
1936:
1924:. Retrieved
1897:
1887:
1875:. Retrieved
1855:
1847:the original
1842:
1833:
1821:. Retrieved
1807:
1795:. Retrieved
1786:
1777:
1753:
1749:
1736:
1701:
1697:
1687:
1675:. Retrieved
1647:
1625:. Retrieved
1621:the original
1616:
1577:
1573:
1495:
1491:
1453:
1449:
1422:. Retrieved
1413:
1404:
1392:. Retrieved
1383:
1357:28 September
1355:. Retrieved
1328:
1318:
1299:
1289:
1279:15 September
1277:. Retrieved
1258:
1248:
1213:
1209:
1166:. Retrieved
1162:the original
1157:
1148:
1136:. Retrieved
1127:
1041:
1028:
1024:adding to it
1019:
992:Whites: 0.51
975:
971:
967:
946:
935:
932:
926:
917:Epidemiology
911:
899:
896:
892:
876:
852:
828:
821:
809:
793:
785:
770:
746:
718:
706:infections.
701:
695:
693:
681:
679:
675:
657:
645:
629:
625:ion channels
618:
569:
554:
541:birth weight
530:
519:
511:
499:
492:in the bed.
486:
466:
457:
454:Risk factors
448:
438:
428:
422:
417:
411:
409:
401:hyperthermia
398:
364:
325:
313:immunization
301:
285:infanticides
267:exposure to
265:
248:
244:
240:
239:
138:Exposure to
125:Risk factors
36:
5596:Babywearing
5591:Baby shower
5565:Swim diaper
5455:Baby walker
5440:Baby powder
5380:Foster care
5348:Child abuse
5343:Babysitting
5195:Development
5181:Soy formula
5059:Breast pump
4957:MedlinePlus
4525:14 February
3071:6 September
2943:16 December
2298:14 February
1756:(6): 1–51.
952:shifting".
908:Vaccination
877:The use of
796:infanticide
759:child abuse
671:cholinergic
494:Bumper pads
405:hypothermia
383:pathologist
289:suffocation
277:bed sharing
150:Bed sharing
135:Overheating
108:Usual onset
50:Other names
5673:Categories
5575:Travel cot
5520:Infant bed
5515:High chair
5505:Baby wipes
5500:Diaper bag
5465:Baby swing
5353:Child care
5338:Attachment
5227:Childbirth
5089:Cradle cap
5040:Pediatrics
4982:Patient UK
4933:DiseasesDB
4782:(4): 405.
4706:2013-09-29
4304:Pediatrics
4099:6 November
4045:Pediatrics
3793:Pediatrics
3141:: 104041.
3088:Pediatrics
2535:Pediatrics
2514:11 January
2445:Pediatrics
2071:Pediatrics
1450:Pediatrics
1099:References
929:422 (1732)
818:Prevention
765:overlaying
560:hemoglobin
371:postmortem
343:Definition
293:infections
206:Prevention
189:Infections
94:Pediatrics
59:crib death
5699:Syndromes
5651:Paternity
5560:Swaddling
5426:Baby gate
5405:Wet nurse
5395:Milk bank
5287:Parenting
5212:Baby talk
5164:Pedialyte
5094:Esotropia
5049:Baby food
4973:emerg/407
4968:eMedicine
4819:894851697
4749:Hodgman J
3173:248645079
3041:Addiction
2972:0261-3077
1470:1098-4275
879:pacifiers
873:Pacifiers
861:(NICHD) "
710:Diagnosis
668:autonomic
664:biomarker
576:X-linkage
550:gestation
441:lognormal
249:cot death
231:Frequency
86:Specialty
56:Cot death
5611:Cry room
5550:Stroller
5540:Pacifier
5475:Bassinet
5450:Baby toy
5312:Teething
5292:Peekaboo
5232:Crawling
5217:Babbling
5038:Health (
4976:ped/2171
4854:26 March
4730:Archived
4726:Medscape
4668:21165764
4633:11343040
4598:72279012
4519:Archived
4515:37925269
4507:17325469
4460:Archived
4448:23245604
4439:10790329
4387:15 April
4381:Archived
4332:37163477
4288:17400342
4250:11290634
4152:25626628
4126:(1): 1.
4071:Archived
4067:27940804
4008:27572944
3959:17405855
3902:19807704
3867:28118463
3815:27244847
3774:Archived
3772:. 2017.
3749:Archived
3653:29612195
3645:11394337
3583:34327548
3575:15830244
3540:18535491
3491:19322600
3456:15635031
3407:25455710
3399:18045290
3350:18514728
3302:26689292
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