1081:, marched to the Maspiro building in downtown Cairo to protest against the burning of a church in Upper Egypt. A confrontation between the protestors and the army turned violent, resulting in the killing of over 20 protestors. State TV broadcast messages of Copts attacking the army and called on Egyptians to join the army. Armed men joined the army in attacking what had been a peaceful protest. The SCAF initially denied the army was responsible for any violence and further claimed that three soldiers had been killed by protestors, claiming that the soldiers were not carrying any live ammunition. Later, video evidence was broadcast showing army vehicles hitting groups of protestors. An editorial in
1004:
greetings and cherished for the lives of the martyrs who sacrificed their lives to sacrifice for freedom and security of their country, "and led a spokesman for the
Council to salute the martyrs, an action which received wide praise from the people. The Council also thanked President Hosni Mubarak "for his work in the process of national war and in peace and on the national position in preference to the higher interest of the homeland" in the same statement. In the following day, 12 February, the Council released its fourth statement, which pledged to oversee the transition to ensure the transfer of power to a civilian government elected by the people.
914:
596:
42:
58:
69:
591:
586:
581:
3334:
3344:
1329:
minister decides which of his aides could also become council members. The president has the right to include members in the council as well as invite the council to meet whenever necessary. The president will head meetings that he calls. The defence minister invites the council for a regular meeting every three months and whenever urgently needed. In cases of a national threat or war, the council is considered in a continuous meeting.
424:
3354:
3364:
1332:
Over twenty officers sat on the council as of early 2015. Based on Law No. 20, however, the defense minister may invite other experts to consult with the council or attend its meetings as he sees fit. So while the official SCAF membership may consist of these individuals, the law's flexibility leaves
1320:
issued a presidential decree reconstituting the
Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF) to be headed by the defense minister, instead of the president, who is constitutionally the Commander-in-Chief of the Egyptian Armed Forces. The council's vice president is the chief of staff. The council's new
986:
The
Supreme Council released its first statement on Thursday, 10 February 2011, stating that the council "in affirmation and support for the legitimate demands of the people" is in "continuous session to consider what procedures and measures that may be taken to protect the nation". It was noted that
886:
between 1964 and 1967, and throughout the period 1967 to 1974. Between 1967 and 1974, SCAF was composed of almost 25 senior officers, and totally controlled and planned Egypt's military policy regarding Israel. After 1974 the SCAF went into semi-permanent dormancy, until it was revived in 1981 after
840:
of the body. The statute ruled that the council could not convene without the presence and approval of the president as the permanent chairman. The initiative for a meeting could only be started either by the president or the defence minister. Nasser intended to form this body mainly as a concession
930:
1328:
includes a transitional article which gives the president the right to appoint the defence minister but also gives the SCAF the right to approve of its leader for eight years. Thus, this gives the SCAF a constitutional status, as it had operated as a statutory body since its inception. The defence
1003:
The
Supreme Council of the Armed Forces in its third statement issued on the evening of Friday, 11 February 2011, shortly after the announcement of Mubarak's resignation, stated that the Council is not a substitute for the legitimacy that satisfies the people. The Council addressed "with all the
1090:
Despite the turbulence of the transitional period in Egypt, polls have shown that the SCAF has enjoyed wide legitimacy from the
Egyptian people and general confidence in their ability to provide free elections. A poll in October 2011 showed that 91.7% of Egyptians have confidence in the SCAF to
1058:
On 7 August 2011, Field
Marshal Tantawi swore in 15 new governors, 11 of whom were new to the post. Some critics complained that the new governors were appointed rather than elected, that many of them were military figures and/or members of the old regime and none of them were young, women, or
950:. The Council met for the first time without the chairmanship of the president on the following day, 10 February, and issued their first press statement which signaled that the council was about to assume power, doing so on 11 February after Mubarak's resignation. The
845:
which had controlled Egypt through the
Revolutionary Command Council since 1952. The SCAF was mandated to decide policy on all matters it deemed falling under the purview of "National Security". Thus, in Egypt the SCAF or more correctly the
1012:
In its statement the
Council indicated that it intended to suspend emergency laws that had been in effect for three decades, move towards free and fair presidential elections, and provide for a safe transition to a free democratic order.
1037:
elections before the year's end and within six months. However, they have not yet lifted the emergency law and has failed to live up to is promises of civilian transfer of power and implementing the demands of the revolution.
221:
836:, who formed the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces in December 1954, as a statutory government body, comprising 25 senior-most military officers from the Army, Navy, Air Force and Air Defence Forces, with himself as the
1124:, newly appointed Minister of Defence and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces, confirmed the composition of the revised command of the Armed Forces with the blessing of newly elected President Mohamed Morsi.
1499:
850:
still handles the issuance of aviation licenses to private individuals and companies who want to operate any airborne vehicle in the country. Similarly, all private Radio station licenses are issued by the
1066:
Since taking power, the council oversaw the trial of 16,000 people in closed military trials, including bloggers, journalists and protesters. In May 2011, one of the members of the council, General
1105:
as
President of Egypt, the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces passed legislation which gave them control over the process of drafting a new constitution and immunity from any civilian oversight.
1073:
The SCAF was heavily criticized following violent confrontations in
October 2011 between armed soldiers at the headquarters of the state television and radio services (known as the
3183:
3413:
2216:
3398:
1041:
The Council has also declared that Egypt "is committed to all regional and international obligations and treaties". This has been widely interpreted as relating to the
2211:
2206:
1567:
1022:
179:
1711:
1512:
946:
During the course of the 2011 revolution, the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces met first on 9 February 2011 under the chairmanship of Egyptian president,
687:
1333:
room for other officers—active or retired—to partake in the SCAF's deliberations, signaling the potential emergence of Egypt's newest men on horseback.
1070:, stated that under the new constitution Egypt's military should be given "some kind of insurance ... so that it is not under the whim of a president."
867:. The idea of such a body of military officers guiding matters of State security probably came to nationalist officers through the Prussian and German
2738:
1376:
1985:
175:
903:
2607:
796:
461:
2233:
2201:
1155:
1747:
3062:
2590:
2072:
345:
1321:
members included 23 top military generals from the army, navy, air force, air defence as well as the head of military intelligence.
3408:
3074:
2465:
1553:
1348:
forces entered, which did so promptly leading to the Egyptian Parliament authorizing military intervention to protect the border.
2509:
2243:
1098:
would be partially lifted the following day. Power would be handed over to the government of the elected president in June 2012.
615:
405:
323:
318:
1786:
818:
1451:
434:
3428:
3311:
1336:
On 21 July 2020, the Council declared an exclusion zone between the Egyptian Border and a line drawn from the Libyan town of
3403:
3135:
2789:
2733:
2689:
2502:
2176:
2166:
2126:
1758:
1575:
1034:
387:
383:
304:
299:
216:
89:
2983:
1525:
875:. However the scope of SCAF's licensing powers during peacetime allows it to wield wide economic and political influence.
829:
was introduced, and a cabinet-style government was formed. The Revolutionary Council was dissolved by the dictator-turned
2794:
2420:
1030:
369:
364:
287:
282:
3247:
3178:
3057:
2679:
2556:
2223:
2104:
2031:
2019:
1980:
1285:
Two of Field Marshal Hussein Tantawi's former assistants remained in their positions and continued to sit on the SCAF:
958:
who served as the Minister of Defense under Mubarak, and included the service heads and other senior commanders of the
339:
1402:
2782:
2311:
1014:
1686:
3418:
2915:
2578:
2301:
677:
672:
170:
127:
1738:
1087:
blasted the SCAF for what it called a "shameful" response to the violence directed against the Coptic protestors.
3423:
3274:
3242:
2995:
2721:
2131:
1851:
1632:
789:
682:
667:
454:
2843:
2637:
2600:
991:
was not present in the meeting as the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces, however the meeting was headed by
810:
145:
3130:
2925:
2331:
1856:
1839:
1345:
1297:
1042:
3042:
3393:
3106:
2910:
2878:
2694:
2326:
2196:
2119:
1196:
888:
770:
3357:
3269:
3111:
2853:
2743:
2566:
2361:
2228:
2171:
2067:
1942:
1139:
1091:
provide the conditions for free elections. The SCAF at that time had a general approval rating of 40.6%.
1074:
860:
813:, a clandestine body of anti-British Egyptian military officers in the late 1940s that seized power in a
651:
610:
110:
3388:
3264:
3069:
2966:
2949:
2932:
2873:
2699:
2654:
2585:
2524:
2497:
2141:
2000:
1779:
967:
782:
562:
447:
357:
1490:, September/October 2011, "Commanding Democracy in Egypt", Jeff Martini and Julie Taylor, pp. 127–137.
863:. For building hotels and resorts along beaches and coastal areas, investors need permission from the
3230:
3173:
3140:
2905:
2815:
2777:
2772:
2760:
2659:
2351:
2321:
2306:
2058:
765:
3306:
3286:
3094:
2920:
2716:
2704:
2541:
2519:
2186:
2136:
2077:
2036:
1912:
1907:
1873:
1834:
1094:
On 24 January 2012, Mohamed Hussein Tantawi gave a televised speech in which he announced that the
1049:
814:
744:
532:
395:
3215:
2838:
2573:
2425:
2398:
2383:
2378:
2114:
2014:
992:
971:
955:
920:
123:
3367:
3296:
3225:
3047:
3015:
2709:
2647:
2642:
2356:
1821:
1476:
Uproar in Egypt Over Government Appointment of Regional Governors from Armed Forces, Old Regime
1357:
1095:
507:
1112:
on 30 June 2012. The role of SCAF was transferred to the General Command of the Armed Forces.
3301:
3193:
3163:
3052:
3032:
2978:
2890:
2529:
2487:
2482:
2460:
2268:
2258:
2043:
1922:
1890:
1772:
1325:
1192:
1159:
1143:
1135:
1101:
On 16 June 2012, just after the election of Muslim Brotherhood-affiliated Islamist candidate
1026:
959:
913:
883:
570:
511:
255:
250:
243:
83:
939:, former Deputy Chairman of SCAF from 11 February 2011 until its dissolution on 30 June 2012
3168:
3118:
2988:
2092:
2082:
1500:
Bloodshed at Christian protest leaves stunned Egyptians torn over army, sectarian divisions
1121:
518:
410:
116:
595:
8:
3279:
3259:
3079:
3027:
3022:
2961:
2863:
2546:
2477:
2472:
2191:
1895:
1083:
1018:
868:
749:
739:
692:
522:
515:
503:
165:
20:
1591:
3089:
3000:
2900:
2767:
2595:
2561:
2514:
2492:
2388:
2290:
2161:
2048:
1995:
1752:
1742:
1189:
1184:
1148:
1052:
847:
833:
830:
697:
646:
540:
525:
268:
209:
106:
3343:
3237:
3037:
2944:
2895:
2848:
2833:
2748:
2664:
2551:
2449:
2430:
2263:
1937:
1932:
1863:
1846:
1829:
1078:
923:, former Chairman of SCAF from 11 February 2011 until its dissolution on 30 June 2012
400:
32:
3099:
3198:
3155:
3125:
2973:
2755:
2684:
2626:
2341:
2336:
2316:
2238:
2053:
1954:
1885:
1868:
1809:
1341:
1177:
856:
546:
on 11 February 2011, and relinquished power on 30 June 2012 on the inauguration of
185:
140:
133:
41:
3010:
3188:
3005:
2956:
2858:
2674:
2410:
2393:
2024:
1949:
1605:
963:
936:
872:
713:
483:
1428:
3337:
3291:
3145:
3084:
2868:
2669:
2181:
2109:
1968:
1902:
1712:"Egypt's parliament approves sending troops abroad to defend national security"
1660:
1475:
1293:
1168:
1151:
1067:
951:
822:
194:
1759:
Supreme Council of the Armed Forces: "Revolutions aren't led by polite people"
528:. The council is convened only in cases of war or great internal emergencies.
3382:
3220:
3208:
3203:
2883:
1973:
1661:"Egypt's President Mansour reconstitutes Supreme Council of the Armed Forces"
1304:
1290:
1278:
1271:
1264:
1257:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1224:
1212:
1206:
1172:
1109:
1102:
988:
947:
864:
852:
842:
641:
636:
547:
543:
373:
62:
57:
590:
585:
580:
3347:
2937:
2346:
2005:
1317:
1180:
1165:
975:
826:
428:
1568:"Poll- Do the Egyptians really want to overthrow the military government?"
492:
2366:
2097:
2087:
1880:
1131:
891:
879:
226:
73:
68:
2415:
2373:
1748:
Egypt’s Supreme Council of the Armed Forces: Statements and Key Leaders
1541:
1215:
Mohamed Raafat Eldash – Commander of the Third Field Army based in Suez
3254:
2726:
1289:
Assistant Minister of Defence for Constitutional and Legal Affairs –
1209:
Naser El-Aasy – Commander of the Second Field Army based in Ismailia
1927:
837:
723:
718:
929:
1513:
Outrage over state TV's misinformation and anti-Coptic incitement
1403:"Statement From the Supreme Council of the Egyptian Armed Forces"
1128:
1959:
1917:
1764:
1046:
1990:
1795:
1337:
1060:
536:
2403:
1606:"نصوص الإعلان الدستوري المكمل في اليوم الأول لبدء العمل به"
1108:
The council was dissolved on the inauguration of President
1007:
1263:
Chief of the Engineering Authority of the Armed Forces –
1592:
Egypt's ruling generals to partially lift emergency law
1526:
Violence and Bloodshed in Egypt: An Eyewitness Account
993:
Defense Minister Field Marshal Mohamed Hussein Tantawi
1303:
Assistant Minister of Defence for Armament Affairs –
1449:
878:
The SCAF convened numerous times in 1956 during the
1431:. Egypt State Information Service. 13 February 2011
1252:The remaining members of the council consisted of:
3399:Members of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces
1429:"Army Council: Egypt is committed to all treaties"
19:"SCAF" redirects here. For the football club, see
981:
3414:Organisations of the Egyptian Crisis (2011–2014)
3380:
904:Timeline of the Egyptian Crisis under the SCAF
897:
1780:
1377:"Egypt's Supreme Council of the Armed Forces"
974:, Commander of Air Defense; and Vice Admiral
817:. The officers organised themselves into the
790:
455:
1277:Director of the Morale Affairs Department –
1219:The commanders of the main military zones:
1140:Minister of Defense and Military Production
966:, Armed Forces Chief of Staff; Air Marshal
16:Statutory body of the Egyptian Armed Forces
1787:
1773:
1256:Chief of Operations of the Armed Forces –
797:
783:
494:al-Maǧlis al-ʾAʿlā lil-Quwwāt al-Musallaḥa
462:
448:
1450:Agence France-Presse (13 February 2011).
1536:
1534:
1202:The commanders of Egypt's field armies:
1633:"Al-Sisi decides on new SCAF formation"
1631:Enein, Ahmed Aboul (3 September 2012).
1587:
1585:
1270:Commander of the Border Guards Force –
1134:(Chairman) – Commander-in-Chief of the
1008:Transition period and political reforms
3381:
2813:
2624:
2447:
2288:
1807:
1768:
1655:
1653:
1630:
1531:
1296:, who represents the military in the
1120:On 3 September 2012, Colonel General
3363:
1603:
1582:
1029:, and an announcement of free, open
3353:
1739:Supreme Council of the Armed Forces
621:Supreme Council of the Armed Forces
535:, the SCAF assumed power to govern
487:
476:Supreme Council of the Armed Forces
13:
1650:
1115:
500:Higher Council of the Armed Forces
14:
3440:
2734:Role of the Egyptian Armed Forces
1741:collected news and commentary at
1732:
1565:
1556:Washington Post. 10 October 2011.
1528:Pulitzer Center. 10 October 2011.
1077:). A group of protestors, mostly
998:
63:Member State of the African Union
3362:
3352:
3342:
3333:
3332:
2591:Refugees of the Syrian civil war
1794:
970:, Air Force commander; Lt. Gen.
928:
912:
809:The SCAF has its origins in the
758:History of the Egyptian military
594:
589:
584:
579:
422:
67:
56:
40:
3075:Identification card controversy
1704:
1679:
1624:
1597:
1559:
1547:
1311:
616:Ministry of Military Production
74:Member State of the Arab League
1981:Khedivate and Kingdom of Egypt
1518:
1505:
1493:
1481:
1469:
1452:"Israel welcomes peace pledge"
1443:
1421:
1395:
1369:
982:Prior to Mubarak's resignation
732:Ranks of the Egyptian Military
1:
2289:
1363:
1142:and Supreme Commander of the
819:Revolutionary Command Council
3429:2011 establishments in Egypt
2608:Twin towns and sister cities
2448:
2120:Assassination of Anwar Sadat
1687:"Egypt's New Military Brass"
1594:, BBC News, 24 January 2012.
1344:, promising intervention if
1195:– Commander-in-Chief of the
1183:– Commander-in-Chief of the
1171:– Commander-in-Chief of the
954:was headed by Field Marshal
771:List of wars involving Egypt
506:of between 20 and 25 senior
488:المجلس الأعلى للقوات المسلحة
217:Supreme Constitutional Court
7:
3404:Egyptian revolution of 2011
3136:Vehicle registration plates
2814:
2790:Water supply and sanitation
2625:
1808:
1691:www.washingtoninstitute.org
1604:أيمن, أروى (17 June 2012).
1351:
1316:In 2014, Interim president
1197:Egyptian Air Defense Forces
1045:, and has been welcomed by
978:, Navy Commander in Chief.
898:Role during 2011 revolution
861:Egyptian Air Defence Forces
815:coup-cum-revolution in 1952
714:Egyptian Thunderbolt Forces
652:Egyptian Air Defense Forces
493:
365:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
146:Mostafa Madbouly's ministry
10:
3445:
2795:Water resources management
1515:al-Ahram. 10 October 2011.
1015:One of their first actions
968:Reda Mahmoud Hafez Mohamed
901:
855:, while spectrum sale for
553:
18:
3409:2013 Egyptian coup d'état
3328:
3154:
2826:
2822:
2809:
2690:Impact on the environment
2680:Entrepreneurship policies
2633:
2620:
2456:
2443:
2297:
2284:
2252:
2154:
1820:
1816:
1803:
1456:The Sydney Morning Herald
1237:Southern Military Zone –
1230:Northern Military Zone –
1043:Egypt–Israel peace treaty
821:, which ruled Egypt as a
766:Military of ancient Egypt
660:Armies and Military Areas
2461:Administrative divisions
2137:2011 Egyptian revolution
2078:1952 Egyptian revolution
1874:Lighthouse of Alexandria
1524:Abdel Kouddous, Sharif.
1488:Foreign Affairs magazine
1244:Western Military Zone –
1223:Central Military Zone –
688:East Military Canal Zone
678:Southern Military Region
673:Northern Military Region
533:2011 Egyptian revolution
531:As a consequence of the
244:Administrative divisions
171:House of Representatives
3419:Provisional governments
2665:Egyptian stock exchange
1554:Egypt’s delaying tactic
1544:MERIP. 13 October 2011.
972:Abd El Aziz Seif-Eldeen
956:Mohamed Hussein Tantawi
921:Mohamed Hussein Tantawi
825:until 1954, when a new
683:Central Military Region
668:Western Military Region
3424:Military dictatorships
2996:International rankings
2001:Egyptian–Ethiopian War
1358:Emergency law in Egypt
811:Free Officers Movement
384:Diplomatic missions of
2601:Terrorism and tourism
2059:1948 Arab–Israeli War
1891:Library of Alexandria
1542:Egypt's Bloody Sunday
1326:Constitution of Egypt
1193:Abdul Meniem Al-Toras
1160:Egyptian Armed Forces
1144:Egyptian Armed Forces
1136:Egyptian Armed Forces
1027:Constitution of Egypt
960:Egyptian Armed Forces
887:the assassination of
572:Egyptian Armed Forces
512:Egyptian Armed Forces
3312:World Heritage Sites
3131:Units of measurement
2586:Proposed new capital
2332:Environmental issues
2093:United Arab Republic
1986:Muhammad Ali dynasty
1502:AP. 15 October 2011.
1298:Constituent Assembly
1154:(Deputy Chairman) –
1122:Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
1017:was to dissolve the
519:Abdel Fattah еl-Sisi
117:Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
3394:Government of Egypt
2984:Freedom of religion
2879:Mass sexual assault
2244:Timekeeping devices
2142:2013 Rabaa massacre
2115:Egyptian–Libyan War
1281:Ahmed Abou Al-Dahab
1084:The Washington Post
1019:Parliament of Egypt
935:Lieutenant General
869:Supreme War Council
611:Ministry of Defense
514:, and is headed by
21:Stade Centrafricain
3174:Art (contemporary)
2854:Capital punishment
2744:Telecommunications
2421:Towns and villages
2389:Qattara Depression
2202:Muslim Brotherhood
2172:Cigarette industry
2032:British occupation
1943:Crusader invasions
1913:Rashidun Caliphate
1753:The New York Times
1743:Al Jazeera English
1667:. 27 February 2014
1511:El-Gundy, Zeinab.
1409:. 11 February 2011
1407:The New York Times
1383:. 10 February 2011
1381:The New York Times
1190:Lieutenant General
1185:Egyptian Air Force
1149:Lieutenant General
1096:state of emergency
1053:Benjamin Netanyahu
962:, namely Lt. Gen.
859:are issued by the
834:Gamal Abdel Nasser
745:Air Force officers
647:Egyptian Air Force
526:Mohamed Ahmed Zaki
523:Lieutenant General
3389:Military of Egypt
3376:
3375:
3324:
3323:
3320:
3319:
3248:Football stadiums
3179:Botanical gardens
3058:Catholic dioceses
2950:Gender inequality
2874:Human trafficking
2805:
2804:
2739:Tallest buildings
2700:Military industry
2616:
2615:
2557:Political parties
2510:Islamic extremism
2498:Foreign relations
2439:
2438:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2020:French occupation
1938:Fatimid Caliphate
1933:Ikhshidid dynasty
1079:Coptic Christians
807:
806:
693:Second Field Army
472:
471:
406:Visa requirements
358:Foreign relations
340:Political parties
275:Recent elections
33:Politics of Egypt
3436:
3366:
3365:
3356:
3355:
3346:
3336:
3335:
3141:Waste management
2906:Academic grading
2824:
2823:
2811:
2810:
2783:Railway stations
2761:Cultural tourism
2660:Economic regions
2622:
2621:
2445:
2444:
2286:
2285:
1955:Mamluk Sultanate
1886:Diocese of Egypt
1869:Battle of Actium
1818:
1817:
1805:
1804:
1789:
1782:
1775:
1766:
1765:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1657:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1637:Daily News Egypt
1628:
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1307:Mohamed Al-Assar
1248:Mohamed Al-Masry
1178:Air Vice-Marshal
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884:Yemeni Civil War
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2938:Abaza family
2926:Universities
2891:Demographics
2844:Billionaires
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2488:Constitution
2483:Conscription
2466:Governorates
2347:Halfaya Pass
2217:1954–present
2177:Constitution
2132:2010s Crisis
2044:World War II
2006:Urabi revolt
1923:Islamization
1857:31st Dynasty
1852:27th Dynasty
1751:
1719:. Retrieved
1716:Ahram Online
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1694:. Retrieved
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1665:Ahram Online
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1642:12 September
1640:. Retrieved
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1312:Current role
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256:Subdivisions
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3358:WikiProject
3119:Scientology
2989:LGBT rights
2911:Law schools
2695:Lighthouses
2638:Agriculture
2367:Mount Sinai
2327:Earthquakes
2127:Mubarak era
2098:Six-Day War
2088:Suez Crisis
2083:Land reform
1830:Prehistoric
1616:26 November
1612:(in Arabic)
1461:13 February
1435:13 February
1413:11 February
1387:10 February
1132:Sedki Sobhy
892:Anwar Sadat
880:Suez Crisis
871:during the
411:Visa policy
227:Saeed Marie
160:Legislature
3383:Categories
3270:Newspapers
3260:Mass media
3112:Synagogues
3080:Irreligion
3028:Literature
3023:Liberalism
2962:Healthcare
2864:Corruption
2547:Parliament
2478:Corruption
2473:Civil Code
2416:Suez Canal
2374:Nile Delta
2259:Alexandria
2229:Population
2224:Parliament
2192:Healthcare
2073:Nasser era
1847:Achaemenid
1822:Chronology
1761:Qantara.de
1696:30 January
1364:References
222:Chancellor
166:Parliament
101:Government
3265:Magazines
3255:Egyptians
3090:Ahmadiyya
3001:Languages
2967:Hospitals
2901:Education
2768:Transport
2727:Aswan Dam
2655:Companies
2596:Terrorism
2562:President
2525:Massacres
2515:Judiciary
2493:Elections
2362:Mountains
2291:Geography
2269:Port Said
2212:1939–1954
2207:1928–1938
2162:Anarchism
2105:Sadat era
2049:Sultanate
1996:Khedivate
1896:Christian
1864:Ptolemaic
1129:Col. Gen.
889:President
848:Air Force
831:President
541:President
269:Elections
210:Judiciary
107:President
3338:Category
3302:Olympics
3238:Football
3070:Hinduism
3038:Religion
2945:Feminism
2933:Families
2896:Diaspora
2859:Censuses
2849:Cannabis
2834:Abortion
2778:Airports
2773:Airlines
2749:Internet
2552:Passport
2530:Military
2503:Missions
2450:Politics
2431:Wildlife
2155:By topic
2068:Republic
1903:Sassanid
1671:18 March
1352:See also
1340:and the
838:chairman
724:Unit 999
719:Unit 777
563:a series
561:Part of
508:officers
401:Passport
388:in Egypt
370:Minister
3368:Commons
3287:Museums
3231:regions
3199:Cuisine
3184:Castles
3156:Culture
3126:Smoking
3107:Judaism
3095:Mosques
2974:Housing
2921:Schools
2827:General
2816:Society
2756:Tourism
2685:Fishing
2643:Banking
2627:Economy
2352:Islands
2342:Geology
2337:Fossils
2322:Deserts
2317:Climate
2307:Borders
2253:By city
2239:Saladin
2187:Genetic
2167:Capital
2054:Kingdom
1969:Ottoman
1835:Ancient
1810:History
1721:21 July
1158:of the
1047:Israeli
1023:suspend
841:to the
554:History
510:of the
502:) is a
498:, also
176:Speaker
141:Cabinet
90:history
3348:Portal
3189:Cinema
3043:Baháʼí
2957:Health
2705:Mining
2675:Energy
2399:Rivers
2312:Cities
2234:Postal
2015:Modern
1960:Mamluk
1918:Fustat
1908:Muslim
1840:topics
1798:topics
1572:Tabeer
484:Arabic
346:former
195:Senate
3292:Music
3275:Radio
3216:Films
3146:Women
3100:Niqāb
3085:Islam
2869:Crime
2710:Mines
2426:Wadis
2384:Oases
2357:Lakes
2302:Biota
2264:Cairo
2182:Copts
1991:Nahda
1881:Roman
1796:Egypt
1610:الوطن
1338:Sirte
1061:Copts
823:junta
537:Egypt
3226:list
3221:Flag
3209:Wine
3204:Beer
2884:Rape
2579:list
2567:list
2404:Nile
2197:Jews
1723:2020
1698:2016
1673:2024
1644:2012
1618:2020
1463:2011
1437:2011
1415:2011
1389:2011
1324:The
1138:and
1033:and
1025:the
865:Navy
853:Army
843:Army
521:and
480:SCAF
474:The
324:2019
319:2014
306:2025
300:2020
288:2023
283:2018
180:list
128:list
111:list
1346:GNA
3385::
3280:TV
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