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established by
Patrick Markle, Geoff Webb, and Ron Erkman developed the first assistive technology for individualized libretto-reading for audiences. This technology allows the audience to select their preferred language from a list or simply turn it off, watching the performance without surtitles.
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On the way into the theatre, viewers pick up a reflective plastic panel mounted on a flexible stalk. The panel sits in a seat cupholder or on the floor adjacent to the seat. A large LED display is mounted on a rear wall that displays caption characters in mirror image. Viewers move the panels into
403:(a non-profit foundation for the hearing-impaired), became the first Parisian theatre to offer surtitling smart glasses for a full season, providing the service at no extra cost for audience members with hearing impairments.
256:. Originally, translations would be broken up into small chunks and photographed onto slides that could be projected onto a screen above the stage, but most companies now use a combination of video projectors and computers.
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Surtitles can be a distraction, focusing attention on the titles instead of the stage. Therefore, several systems have been developed to provide captions visible only to those individual viewers who wish to see them.
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The system was the subject of a study which was later published by the French
Ministry of Culture. The device became commercially-available the following year and was tested by several houses, such as the
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Surtitles were introduced in the 1990s to translate the meaning of the lyrics into the audience's language, or to transcribe lyrics that may be difficult to understand in the sung form in the opera-house
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511:"Canadian Trademarks Details 0498073 – Canadian Trademarks Database – Intellectual property and copyright – Canadian Intellectual Property Office – Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada"
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position (usually below the movie screen or stage) so they can read the reflected captions and watch the presentation. Others seated alongside do not watch, or usually even see, the captions.
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test user report that: "Supertitles are displayed on the lenses during the performance so that you can concentrate more on what is happening on the stage rather than reading supertitles."
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The surtitle is given an insertion point in the score (piano score) for the surtitle's entry and exit. An operator will push a button at the marked point when following the music.
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After a successful test run in 2015, the French-German surtitling company
Panthea launched a pilot project on a larger scale introducing multilingual surtitles on
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system uses individual screens placed in front of each seat allowing patrons either to view a translation or to switch them off during the performance. New York's
237:(but, alternately, on either side of the stage), surtitles are usually displayed using a supertitling machine. The text must be prepared beforehand as in
577:"Lotfollah Mansouri." Marquis Who's Who TM. Marquis Who's Who, 2008. Reproduced in Biography Resource Center. Farmington Hills, Mich.: Gale, 2008.
241:. These machines can be used for events other than artistic performances, when the text is easier to show to the audience than it is to vocalize.
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is a method for presenting, through captions, a transcript of the audio portion of a film in theatres. The system was co-developed by
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system. Titles in the theatre have proven a commercial success in areas such as opera, and are finding increased use for allowing
203:
patrons to enjoy theatre productions more fully. Surtitles are used in live productions in the same way as subtitles are used in
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169:, meaning "over" or "on", and the English language word "title", formed in a similar way to the related and similarly-named
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Guide des difficultés de rédaction en musique (GDRM): Guides > Surtitres et sous-titres
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and Rufus Butler Seder and initially targeted at people who are deaf or hard-of-hearing.
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use such a system. It allows the patron to choose among several different languages.
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Lunettes de surtitrage, Festival d'Avignon 2017, Évaluation de l'expérimentation
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projected above a stage or displayed on a screen, commonly used in
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was the first
American opera company to use supertitles, in 1983.
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Document Number: K2013018226. Fee. Retrieved 27 December 2008.
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528:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 321.
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Blank surtitle screen visible above the stage at the
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Captitles - app for creating and screening surtitles
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
596:"No Supertitle Goes Here, and That's a Good Thing"
526:The Cambridge Companion to Twentieth-Century Opera
263:when he was the company's director of operations.
259:John Leberg developed the Surtitle system for the
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678:"Glasses that translate. How is this possible?"
311:Personal subtitle system at the Santa Fe Opera
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579:http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BioRC
27:Dialogue presented above a stage or screen
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657:Cathelinais, Coralie (17 December 2017).
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120:Learn how and when to remove this message
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233:Generally projected above the theatre's
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149:supertitles, Captitles, SurCaps, OpTrans
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447:Simantob, Eduardo (19 February 2020).
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676:Wehle, Philippa (26 September 2019).
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58:adding citations to reliable sources
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620:"Opera subtitle firm eyes new game"
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618:Webb, Andrew (November 23, 2003).
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215:Projected titles or translations
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466:Smith, Patrick (Winter 1986).
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490:"Surtitles™: An Introduction"
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351:Rear Window Captioning System
345:Rear Window Captioning System
244:Surtitles are different from
700:La Fondation Pour l'Audition
550:"The COC launches surtitles"
285:The American company called
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303:Electronic libretto system
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401:Fondation pour l'audition
413:Same language subtitling
365:Surtitling smart glasses
294:Personal titling systems
524:Cooke, Mervyn (2005).
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261:Canadian Opera Company
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1247:Stile rappresentativo
624:The Business Journals
395:In October 2019, the
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254:television production
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1331:Assistive technology
226:Un ballo in maschera
54:improve this article
1341:Canadian inventions
920:Tragédie en musique
789:Concert performance
397:Théâtre Édouard VII
317:electronic libretto
277:New York City Opera
197:electronic libretto
1252:Tenore contraltino
601:The New York Times
592:Tommasini, Anthony
375:Festival d'Avignon
335:Vienna State Opera
321:Metropolitan Opera
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1336:Opera terminology
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682:The Theatre Times
418:Closed captioning
387:The Theatre Times
138:Royal Opera House
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43:This article
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1217:Solita forma
1097:Da capo aria
991:Sprechgesang
951:Kammersänger
890:Haute-contre
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844:Sung-through
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627:. Retrieved
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110:October 2009
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52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1197:Prima donna
1172:Opera seria
1092:Convenienze
1082:Comprimario
1072:Chiaroscuro
834:Patter song
829:Opera house
784:Chest voice
726:, in French
472:Arts Review
383:Paris Opera
173:. The word
69:"Surtitles"
1325:Categories
1288:HovsĂĄngare
1207:Ritornello
1202:Recitative
1192:Portamento
1152:Melodramma
1127:Intermezzo
1122:Impresario
1112:Falsettone
1077:Coloratura
905:Répétiteur
799:Head voice
629:2019-10-25
535:0521780098
453:Swiss Info
434:References
328:Met Titles
250:filmmaking
209:television
80:newspapers
1262:Tessitura
1187:Pasticcio
1182:Passaggio
1117:Fioritura
1087:Contralto
1057:Cantabile
1047:Cabaletta
1027:Bel canto
986:Spieloper
981:Sitzprobe
976:Singspiel
971:Regieoper
961:Leitmotif
895:Intermède
885:Entr'acte
849:Surtitles
819:Monodrama
814:Melodrama
809:Mad scene
766:by origin
246:subtitles
239:subtitles
192:auditoria
179:trademark
171:subtitles
145:Surtitles
1242:Stagione
1212:Sinfonia
1137:Libretto
1107:Falsetto
1067:Cavatina
1062:Castrato
1042:Burletta
1037:Brindisi
925:Travesti
900:Overture
839:Prompter
794:Duodrama
563:23 March
495:23 March
478:(2): 32.
407:See also
325:patented
175:Surtitle
157:dialogue
18:Surtitle
1272:Vibrato
1267:Verismo
1237:Squillo
1222:Soprano
1147:Maestro
1142:Licenza
1052:Cadenza
1032:Bravura
1000:Italian
910:Roulade
772:English
423:Karaoke
373:to the
270:Elektra
181:of the
94:scholar
1301:Portal
1232:Spinto
1167:Musico
1132:Legato
1017:Arioso
934:German
915:Timbre
880:Encore
865:Claque
858:French
824:Number
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377:2017.
223:Opera
153:lyrics
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1315:Opera
1281:Other
1177:Ossia
1022:Banda
764:terms
761:Opera
557:(CBC)
390:'
177:is a
161:opera
101:JSTOR
87:books
1102:Diva
1007:Aria
941:Fach
565:2017
530:ISBN
497:2017
355:WGBH
349:The
337:and
333:The
315:The
252:and
207:and
205:film
73:news
166:sur
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