2753:
607:
595:
583:
571:
559:
547:
535:
523:
511:
499:
487:
475:
135:
38:
449:
437:
425:
405:
393:
2425:
2697:
that his dream
Constitution and government were ill-suited to the Cuban Republic in Arms, which was the reason he quit as secretary and assumed command of the Camaguey region. He became a supporter of Cespedes. Céspedes was later surprised and killed on 27 February 1874, by a swift-moving patrol of Spanish troops. The new Cuban government had left him with only one escort and denied permission to leave Cuba for the US, from where he intended to help prepare and send armed expeditions.
2327:
4749:
373:
353:
333:
321:
302:
282:
262:
242:
230:
218:
198:
186:
166:
111:
4759:
1790:
2849:
2141:
4769:
2720:) that broke out in Spain in 1872. When the civil war ended in 1876, the government sent more Spanish troops to Cuba, until they numbered more than 250,000. The severe Spanish measures weakened the liberation forces ruled by Cisneros. Neither side in the war was able to win a single concrete victory, let alone crush the opposing side to win the war, but in the long run Spain gained the upper hand.
2376:. He was a former cavalry officer for the Spanish Army in the Dominican Republic. Forces were taught to combine use of firearms with machetes, for a double attack against the Spanish. When the Spaniards (following then-standard tactics) formed a square, they were vulnerable to rifle fire from infantry under cover, and pistol and carbine fire from charging cavalry. In the event, as with the
2794:
it. Finally in 1880, the
Spanish legislature abolished slavery in Cuba and other colonies in a form of gradual abolition. The law required slaves to continue to work for their masters for a number of years, in a kind of indentured servitude, but masters had to pay the slaves for their work. The wages were so low, however, that the freedmen could barely support themselves.
2285:) concentrated a good deal of the island's wealth through their paramount role in Cuban trade. In addition, the Cuban-born population still had no political rights and no representation in Parliament. Objections to these conditions sparked the first serious independence movement, especially in the eastern part of the island.
2598:
leadership should be in charge of both military and civilian affairs, or if there should be a separation between civilian government and military leadership, the latter being subordinate to the first. The overwhelming majority voted for the separation option. Céspedes was elected president of this assembly; and
General
2408:
Our aim is to abolish slavery and to compensate those deserving compensation. We seek freedom of assembly, freedom of the press and the freedom to bring back honest governance; and to honor and practice the inalienable rights of men, which is the foundations of the independence and the greatness of a
2259:
and sugar refineries. The abolitionist cause gained strength, favoring a gradual emancipation of slaves with financial compensation from the
Government for slaveholders. Additionally, some planters preferred hiring Chinese immigrants as indentured workers and in anticipation of ending slavery. Before
2785:
Under the terms of the pact, a constitution and a provisional government was set up, but the revolutionary élan was gone. The provisional government convinced Maceo to give up, and with his surrender, the war ended on 28 May 1878. Many of the graduates of the Ten Years' War became central players in
2748:
as president of the
Republic in Arms. Estrada Palma was captured by Spanish troops on 19 October 1877. As a result of successive misfortunes, on 8 February 1878, the constitutional organs of the Cuban government were dissolved; the remaining leaders among the insurgents started negotiating for peace
2728:
The deep divisions among insurgents regarding their organisation of government and the military became more pronounced after the
Assembly of Guáimaro, as resulting in the dismissal of Céspedes and Quesada in 1873. The Spanish exploited regional divisions, as well as fears that the slaves of Matanzas
2696:
Ignacio
Agramonte was killed by a stray bullet on 11 May 1873, and was replaced in the command of the central troops by Máximo Gómez. Because of political and personal disagreements and Agramonte's death, the Assembly deposed Céspedes as president, replacing him with Cisneros. Agramonte had realized
2657:
Apart from their controversial role in the cities, hundreds of
Volunteer units were created in the countryside. Most of the Volunteers there were Cubans loyal to Spain who organised sections and companies to defend their hometowns from rebel attacks, giving a tone of civil war to Cuba's first war of
2401:
Our aim is to enjoy the benefits of freedom, for whose use, God created man. We sincerely profess a policy of brotherhood, tolerance, and justice, and to consider all men equal, and to not exclude anyone from these benefits, not even
Spaniards, if they choose to remain and live peacefully among us.
2276:
and another economic crisis in 1866/67 heightened social tensions on the island. The colonial administration continued to make huge profits which were not re-invested in the island for the benefit of its residents. It funded military expenditures (44% of the revenue), colonial government's expenses
2793:
The Pact of Zanjón promised various reforms to improve the financial situation for residents of Cuba. The most significant reform was the manumission of all slaves who had fought for Spain. Abolition of slavery had been proposed by the rebels, and many persons loyal to Spain also wanted to abolish
2732:
The
Mambises did not prevail for a variety of reasons: lack of organization and resources; lower participation by whites; internal racist sabotage (against Maceo and the goals of the Liberating Army); the inability to bring the war to the western provinces (Havana in particular); and opposition by
2268:
The Spanish Parliament at the time was changing; gaining much influence were reactionary, traditionalist politicians who intended to eliminate all liberal reforms. The power of military tribunals was increased; the colonial government imposed a six percent tax increase on the Cuban planters and
2356:
on 11 October. In spite of this initial setback, the uprising of Yara was supported in various regions of the Oriente province, and the independence movement continued to spread throughout the eastern region of Cuba. On 13 October, the rebels took eight towns in the province that favoured the
2597:
On 10 April 1869, a constitutional assembly took place in the town of Guáimaro (Camagüey). It was intended to provide the revolution with greater organizational and juridical unity, with representatives from the areas that had joined the uprising. The assembly discussed whether a centralized
2396:
Carlos Manuel de Céspedes called on men of all races to join the fight for freedom. He raised the new flag of an independent Cuba, and rang the bell of the mill to celebrate his proclamation from the steps of the sugar mill of the manifesto signed by him and 15 others. It cataloged Spain's
2649:
in international waters on 31 October 1873. Starting on 4 November, its forces executed 53 persons, including the captain, most of the crew, and a number of Cuban insurgents on board. The serial executions were stopped only by the intervention of a British man-of-war under the command of
2336:
Céspedes and his followers had planned the uprising to begin 14 October, but it had to be moved up four days earlier, because the Spaniards had discovered their plan of revolt. In the early morning of 10 October, Céspedes issued the cry of independence, the "10th of October Manifesto" at
2576:
Because of the escalating violence, after the first year of the war, around 100,000 Cubans fled the country. Generally speaking, those rich enough settled in Europe or else in northern cities in America like New York, Philadelphia, or Boston. Meanwhile, the poorer workers moved to south
2260:
the 1870s, more than 125,000 were sent to Cuba. In May 1865, Cuban creole elites placed four demands upon the Spanish Parliament: tariff reform, political representation in Parliament, judicial equality for all Spaniards (including Cubans), and full enforcement of the slave trade ban.
2814:, the most passionate of the rebels who chose exile over Spanish rule. Overall, about 200,000 people died in the conflict. Together with a severe economic depression throughout the island, the war devastated the coffee industry, and American tariffs badly damaged Cuban exports.
2269:
businesses. Additionally, all political opposition and the press were silenced. Dissatisfaction in Cuba spread on a massive scale as the mechanisms to express it were restricted. This discontent was particularly felt by the powerful planters and hacienda owners in Eastern Cuba.
2638:
and creoles had joined the Volunteers. In the big cities, the Volunteers were used to keep public order in the cities, earning some notoriety for their lack of discipline and harsh acts of repression against independence supporters. Its forces executed eight students from the
2254:
movement on the island, and rising costs among the slave-holding planters in the east. New technologies and farming techniques made large numbers of slaves unnecessary and prohibitively expensive. In the economic crisis of 1857 many businesses failed, including many sugar
2249:
Cuban bourgeoisie demanded fundamental social and economic reforms from the Crown. Lax enforcement of the slave trade ban had resulted in a dramatic increase in imports of Africans, estimated at 90,000 slaves from 1856 to 1860. This occurred despite a strong
2474:
who, at the age of 16, was detained and condemned to 16 years of hard labour. He was later deported to Spain. Eventually he developed as a leading Latin American intellectual and Cuba's foremost national hero, its primary architect of the 1895–98
2768:; it was signed on 10 February 1878, by a negotiating committee. The document contained most of the promises made by Spain. The Ten Years' War came to an end, except for the resistance of a small group in Oriente led by General Garcia and
2341:, which signaled the start of an all-out military uprising against Spanish rule in Cuba. Céspedes freed his slaves and asked them to join the struggle. 10 October is now commemorated in Cuba as a national holiday under the name
2626:
By early 1869, the Spanish authorities had failed to reach an agreement with the insurrection forces. Harsher measures to repress the insurrection and its supporters were taken, and troops began to flood in from the Peninsula.
3730:
Ziegler, Vanessa Michelle. "The revolt of "the Ever-faithful Isle": the Ten Years' War in Cuba, 1868–1878". PhD dissertation. : University of California, Santa Barbara, 2007. Electronic Dissertations D16.5.C2 S25 ZIEV 2007
2443:”. The first government of the Republic in Arms, headed by Céspedes, was established in Bayamo. The city was retaken by the Spanish after 3 months on 12 January, but the fighting had burned it to the ground.
2490:
in the American Civil War. He brought a well-equipped force, but General Jordan's reliance on regular tactics, although initially effective, left the families of Cuban rebels far too vulnerable to the "
2505:
After General Jordan resigned and returned to the US, Cespedes returned Máximo Gómez to his command. Gradually a new generation of skilled battle-tested Cuban commanders rose from the ranks, including
2614:
as president, Miguel Gerónimo Gutiérrez as vice president, and Agramonte and Zambrana as secretaries. Céspedes was elected on 12 April 1869, as the first president of the Republic in Arms and General
2709:. Gómez began an invasion of Western Cuba in 1875, but the vast majority of slaves and wealthy sugar producers in the region did not join the revolt. After his most trusted general, the American
551:
2313:. The Spanish, aware of Céspedes' anti-colonial intransigence, tried to force him into submission by imprisoning his son Oscar. Céspedes refused to negotiate and Oscar was executed.
4146:
946:
813:
3045:
as estimated by José Martí in his work "The Revolution of 1868" cited by Samuel Silva Gotay in "Catholicism and politics in Puerto Rico: under Spain and the United States" p. 39
2802:
After the war ended, tensions between Cuban residents and the Spanish government continued for 17 years. This period, called "The Rewarding Truce", included the outbreak of the
2705:
Activities in the Ten Years' War peaked in the years 1872 and 1873, but after the deaths of Agramonte and Céspedes, Cuban operations were limited to the regions of Camagüey and
903:
898:
878:
515:
868:
848:
893:
888:
46:
823:
793:
2220:
and his followers proclaimed independence, beginning the conflict. This was the first of three liberation wars that Cuba fought against Spain, the other two being the
1017:
2610:, were elected secretaries. After completing its work, the Assembly reconstituted itself as the House of Representatives and the state's supreme power. They elected
853:
828:
798:
2661:
In the so-called "Creciente de Valmaseda" incident, the corps captured farmers (Guajiros) and the families of Mambises, killing them immediately or sending them
913:
908:
731:
883:
873:
858:
843:
788:
1212:
1097:
2630:
Apart from the regular army, the government relied on the Voluntary Corps, a militia created in 1855 a few years earlier to face the announced invasion by
939:
838:
818:
3929:
3727:(1895, 1896 and some from 1874) Felipe González Rojas (editor), Madrid. This may still be the most detailed source for information on the Ten Years' War.
833:
783:
758:
2729:
would break the weak existing balance between whites and blacks. The Spanish changed their policy towards the Mambises, offering amnesties and reforms.
1042:
803:
4984:
3277:
1638:
4700:
932:
1217:
5032:
2684:, a committee of German merchants and landowners created a troop to defend their possessions in 1870. A neutral force initially, as ordered by
3214:
4213:
4256:
724:
1526:
1474:
4805:
3699:
Priest, Andrew. "Thinking about Empire: The administration of Ulysses S. Grant, Spanish colonialism and the ten years' war in Cuba."
3429:
2169:
1904:
527:
5022:
4266:
2764:, in charge of applying the new policy, arrived in Cuba. It took him nearly two years to convince most of the rebels to accept the
1531:
1422:
2908:
2525:. Raised in the United States and with an American mother, Fernández Cavada had served as a colonel in the Union Army during the
2435:
After three days of combat, the rebels seized the important city of Bayamo. In the enthusiasm of this victory, poet and musician
1107:
1506:
4141:
2482:
After some initial victories and defeats, in 1868 Céspedes replaced Gomez as head of the Cuban Army with United States General
717:
2309:
became the main protagonist of the uprising in 1868. Originally from Bayamo, Céspedes owned an estate and sugar mill known as
4301:
3769:
3537:
3507:
3378:
3140:
3020:
2405:
Our aim is that the people participate in the creation of laws, and in the distribution and investment of the contributions.
1578:
1541:
1417:
4049:
1665:
1648:
1573:
1132:
1062:
4261:
4240:
4180:
2618:(who had fought in Mexico under Benito Juárez during the French invasion of that country), as Chief of the Armed Forces.
1489:
1427:
1117:
1207:
3889:
3810:
1989:
1655:
2752:
1007:
5027:
4136:
3568:
3439:
3402:
3307:
3191:
2965:
2651:
1633:
1561:
1358:
1227:
1012:
990:
4979:
4198:
3853:
1930:
1363:
1232:
1072:
1037:
575:
4974:
4712:
4654:
3002:
Florencio León Gutiérrez (1895). "Conference on the Cuban insurrection." Havana: Artillery Corps Printing, pp. 25
2109:
1469:
1192:
1167:
1152:
1087:
1022:
3610:
The United States and the Origins of the Cuban Revolution: An Empire of Liberty in an Age of National Liberation
2677:
tactics and were more effective on the eastern side of the island than in the west, where they lacked supplies.
980:
246:
4772:
4338:
4163:
3782:
3499:
2733:
the US government to Cuban independence. The US sold the latest weapons to Spain, but not to the Cuban rebels.
2089:
1643:
1623:
1142:
975:
539:
286:
3252:"Manifiesto de la Junta Revolucionaria de la Isla de Cuba, Dirigido a sus Compatriotas y a todas las Naciones"
2216:. The uprising was led by Cuban-born planters and other wealthy natives. On 10 October 1868, sugar mill owner
1536:
1314:
1102:
4969:
4798:
2787:
2162:
2104:
1588:
1551:
1546:
1397:
1387:
1373:
1368:
1329:
1182:
1082:
1027:
863:
479:
2357:
insurgency and acquisition of arms. By October's end, the insurrection had enlisted some 12,000 volunteers.
37:
4926:
4901:
4541:
4526:
4428:
3986:
3909:
2658:
independence. According to a Spanish journalist, by 1872, 52,000 of the 80,000 Volunteers were Cuban-born.
2611:
2518:
2470:. With few exceptions (Vuelta Abajo), resistance was clandestine. A staunch supporter of the rebellion was
2094:
2039:
1618:
1608:
1583:
1378:
1112:
1092:
222:
51:
4856:
2534:
2522:
2429:
2330:
2306:
2217:
1976:
1319:
170:
4724:
4664:
4659:
4644:
4457:
4089:
4034:
3603:
3281:
2888:
2124:
2114:
1628:
1603:
1287:
1077:
1032:
5017:
4619:
4479:
4343:
4218:
2615:
2298:
1613:
1556:
1521:
1454:
1334:
778:
357:
190:
19:"Ten Year War" redirects here. For the Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry between 1969 and 1978, see
2878:
2761:
2537:
was named Commander-in-Chief of all the Cuban forces. Other war leaders of note fighting on the Cuban
2530:
2352:
During the first few days, the uprising almost failed: Céspedes intended to occupy the nearby town of
599:
4896:
4836:
4445:
4119:
4104:
3830:
3805:
3762:
2868:
2834:
2476:
2225:
2067:
1944:
1884:
1846:
1700:
1670:
1494:
1304:
1282:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1222:
1147:
1067:
1047:
808:
146:
3974:
5042:
5037:
4964:
4906:
4841:
4791:
4685:
4208:
4203:
3868:
3843:
3496:
The Low-Carbon Contradiction: Energy Transition, Geopolitics, and the Infrastructural State in Cuba
3218:
2451:
2233:
2155:
2129:
2119:
2099:
1968:
1820:
1769:
1727:
1593:
1516:
1464:
1353:
1242:
1237:
1172:
1137:
1122:
768:
2607:
4594:
4506:
4094:
4039:
4029:
3858:
3583:
2790:
that started in 1895. These include the Maceo brothers, Maximo Gómez, Calixto Garcia and others.
2487:
2483:
2338:
1695:
1511:
1437:
1177:
763:
441:
3966:
3709:
Sexton, Jay. "The United States, the Cuban rebellion, and the multilateral initiative of 1875."
3530:
Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492–2015
5052:
5047:
4707:
4695:
4331:
4175:
4170:
4044:
4019:
4014:
3970:
2893:
2769:
2745:
2570:
2506:
2502:, known as the "Butcher Weyler" in the 1895–1898 War, fought alongside the Count of Balmaceda.
1892:
1479:
1392:
1343:
1299:
1052:
325:
3978:
3132:
2741:
2680:
Another Voluntary Corps was formed by Germans, the so-called "Club des Alemanes". Presided by
4938:
4719:
4690:
4669:
4496:
3320:
2826:
2710:
2415:
When Cuba is free, it will have a constitutional government created in an enlightened manner.
1705:
1459:
453:
266:
115:
4358:
3704:
3629:
Chapin, James. "Hamilton Fish and the Lessons of the Ten Years' War," in Jules Davids, ed.,
3469:
3181:
3124:
4943:
4886:
4876:
4572:
4398:
4318:
4313:
4109:
4079:
3982:
3904:
3899:
3835:
3755:
2640:
2558:
2455:
2412:
Our aim is to throw off the Spanish yoke, and to establish a free and independent nation….
2031:
2023:
1710:
1660:
1187:
8:
4996:
4948:
4916:
4866:
4501:
4296:
4223:
4124:
3894:
3863:
1797:
1675:
1449:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1272:
1057:
995:
2898:
563:
4599:
4484:
4474:
4440:
4153:
4114:
4084:
3955:
3549:
3396:
2666:
2526:
2385:
2377:
1960:
1747:
1348:
1324:
1309:
4921:
4516:
4511:
4423:
4353:
4306:
4158:
4099:
4024:
4002:
3950:
3825:
3564:
3533:
3503:
3435:
3384:
3374:
3303:
3187:
3136:
3125:
3016:
2961:
2903:
2803:
2717:
2685:
2681:
2599:
2562:
2436:
2366:
2221:
1876:
1690:
1598:
1157:
773:
397:
337:
202:
3687:
Enemigos íntimos: España y los Estados Unidos antes de la Guerra de Cuba (1865–1898)
3598:
Bartlett, Christopher J. "British Reaction to the Cuban Insurrection of 1868-1878."
2765:
2514:
1811:
1202:
306:
89:
4933:
4861:
4546:
4521:
4469:
4452:
4063:
3873:
3239:
2913:
2706:
2645:
2603:
2499:
2491:
2302:
2187:
1981:
1860:
1197:
985:
611:
587:
457:
413:
381:
361:
341:
290:
270:
250:
206:
174:
20:
2542:
2459:
377:
4783:
4762:
4649:
4639:
4614:
4418:
4374:
4348:
4284:
3914:
3848:
3815:
3790:
3370:
Volunteers of the empire : war, identity, and Spanish imperialism, 1855–1898
2883:
2811:
2688:
in a telegram to consul Luis Will, they were considered to favor the government.
2631:
2566:
2471:
2424:
1952:
1918:
1834:
1778:
1715:
1501:
1277:
310:
2272:
The failure of the latest efforts by the reformist movements, the demise of the
429:
4911:
4634:
4604:
4551:
4435:
4403:
3919:
2862:
2830:
2554:
2047:
1680:
956:
140:
3388:
3302:
The Latino Experience in U.S. History"; publisher: Globe Pearson; pp. 155–57;
3070:
3013:
General History of Spain and America: Revolution and Restoration: (1868–1931)
5011:
4752:
4624:
4558:
4536:
4491:
4464:
4413:
3742:
3498:. Critical environments: nature, science, and politics. Oakland, California:
2550:
2533:
also joined the Cuban fighting for independence. On 4 April 1870, the senior
2229:
1732:
1484:
1432:
1247:
924:
491:
234:
2634:
in collaboration with Ramón Pintó. By early-1869 more than 70,000 men, both
2510:
2326:
4871:
4851:
3680:
Volunteers of the Empire. War, Identity, and Spanish Imperialism, 1855-1898
3368:
2822:
2810:) between 1879 and 1880. Separatists in that conflict became supporters of
2495:
2381:
2251:
2015:
503:
409:
709:
4891:
4846:
4589:
4408:
4131:
2873:
2854:
2458:
followed. The uprising was not supported in the westernmost provinces of
2440:
2346:
2256:
2145:
1752:
753:
2447:
2297:
was founded under the leadership of Cuba's wealthiest plantation owner,
2228:(1895–1898). The final three months of the last conflict escalated with
4531:
4323:
3934:
3924:
3251:
2353:
2301:. The conspiracy rapidly spread to Oriente's larger towns, most of all
2055:
1162:
1127:
2865:– a female "Mambisa" who used the war to campaign for women's equality
4393:
3465:
3463:
2674:
4629:
2369:
taught the Cuban forces what would be their most lethal tactic: the
4991:
4881:
2670:
2582:
2467:
1742:
3659:
Cuba and the United States: Intervention and Militarism, 1868–1933
3460:
2960:. Barcelona; Mexico: Grijalbo, pp. 337. Edition of Neri Daurella.
2538:
1789:
4609:
2578:
2546:
2371:
1737:
3747:
43:
Embarkation of the Catalan Volunteers from the Port of Barcelona
4584:
3556:
3215:"Máximo Gómez Báez :: Guerra de los diez años (1868-1878)"
2463:
3431:
La diplomacia bismarckiana ante la cuestión cubana, 1868–1874
2586:
2397:
mistreatment of Cuba and then expressed the movement's aims:
2278:
2213:
676:
40,000 guerrillas dead (25,000 due to disease and repression)
3673:
Hamilton Fish: The Inner History of the Grant Administration
4815:
3778:
3560:
2993:. Volume II Havana: Editorial De Ciencias Sociales, pp. 377
2954:
From Spanish domination to American domination, 1762–1909.
2209:
2001:
78:
69:(9 years, 7 months, 2 weeks and 4 days)
2380:, the European forces suffered the most fatalities due to
2977:
Thomas, 1973: 345. 1,500 to 2,000 rebels fled to Jamaica.
2716:
Spain's efforts to fight were hindered by the civil war (
3161:
2931:
125:
American, Puerto Rican, Dominican and Mexican volunteers
3645:
Insurgent Cuba: Race, Nation, and Revolution, 1868–1898
3551:
History of Cuba: The Challenge of the Yoke and the Star
3666:
The Cuban Policy of the United States: A Brief History
2772:, who protested in Los Mangos de Baraguá on 15 March.
3694:
Cuba and the United States: Ties of Singular Intimacy
3638:
Spain and the Abolition of Slavery in Cuba, 1817–1886
3475:
3448:
3409:
3343:
3258:
3149:
3111:
Spain and the Abolition of Slavery in Cuba, 1817–1886
2844:
2643:
on 27 November 1871. The corps seized the steamship
2277:(41%), and sent some money to the Spanish colony of
2736:
4813:
3548:
3131:(3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. pp.
3032:Nicolás María Serrano & Melchor Pardo (1875).
3034:Annals of the civil war: Spain from 1868 to 1876
2909:Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant#Cuban insurrection
5009:
3624:The Transformation of American Foreign Relations
2713:, was killed in 1876, Gómez ended his campaign.
2388:to this endemic tropical disease of the island.
2384:because the Spanish-born troops had no acquired
2498:, Count of Valmaceda (also spelled Balmaceda).
2446:The war spread in Oriente: on 4 November 1868,
3366:
3173:
1495:Banda Oriental and Rio Grande do Sul (1762–63)
954:
4799:
3798:
3763:
3741:Portions of this article were extracted from
3036:. Volume I. Madrid: Astort Brothers, pp. 1263
2199:
2163:
1485:Iberian Peninsula and South America (1762–63)
940:
725:
16:1868–1878 Cuban uprising against Spanish rule
4257:Committees for the Defense of the Revolution
3321:"Cubans in Tampa: From Exiles to Immigrants"
2391:
692:81,000 soldiers dead (54,000 due to disease)
3434:(in Spanish). Editorial CSIC – CSIC Press.
3373:. London: Bloomsbury Academic. p. 50.
2985:
2983:
2948:
2946:
2288:
739:
4806:
4792:
3770:
3756:
3527:
3186:. Crabtree Publishing Company. p. 6.
3179:
3065:
3063:
3061:
3059:
3057:
3055:
3053:
3051:
2958:Cuba: the struggle for freedom, 1762–1970
2937:
2592:
2170:
2156:
947:
933:
732:
718:
3577:
3427:
3318:
2691:
4267:Military Counterintelligence Directorate
3493:
2980:
2943:
2751:
2423:
2325:
2281:(12%). The European Spaniards (known as
3546:
3481:
3454:
3415:
3349:
3264:
3167:
3155:
3048:
2833:struggle of the Ten Years' War and the
2756:General Martínez-Campos in Havana, 1878
311:
5010:
4386:
2621:
644:181,000 (mobilized throughout the war)
5033:Spanish American wars of independence
4787:
3751:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3122:
3023:. 20,000 Spaniards and 35,000 Cubans.
2797:
2723:
2360:
1480:Caribbean and North America (1739–48)
928:
713:
3682:. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2023.
3367:Padilla Angulo, Fernando J. (2023).
3319:Perez Jr., Louis A. (October 1978).
3116:
2700:
2606:, principal authors of the proposed
2263:
4241:National Revolutionary Police Force
4199:Revolutionary Armed Forces (MINFAR)
4142:National Assembly of People's Power
3600:Hispanic American Historical Review
3580:Cuba: Between Reform and Revolution
3180:Hughes, Susan; Fast, April (2004).
3127:Cuba: Between Reform and Revolution
3015:. Madrid: Rialp Editions, pp. 271.
2295:"Revolutionary Committee of Bayamo"
981:Santa Cruz de la Mar Pequeña (1478)
13:
3890:United States embargo against Cuba
3631:Perspectives in American Diplomacy
3617:The Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant
3592:
3355:
3296:
3085:The Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant
2439:composed Cuba's national anthem, "
1990:United States embargo against Cuba
14:
5064:
4262:Dirección General de Inteligencia
3777:
3735:
2817:
2780:
4767:
4757:
4748:
4747:
3428:Gutiérrez, Luis Alvarez (1988).
3325:The Florida Historical Quarterly
2952:Thomas, Hugh Swynnerton (1973).
2847:
2829:as a direct continuation of the
2737:Peace negotiations and hold-outs
2194:; 1868–1878), also known as the
2139:
1788:
605:
593:
581:
569:
557:
545:
533:
521:
509:
497:
485:
473:
447:
435:
423:
403:
391:
371:
351:
331:
319:
300:
280:
260:
240:
228:
216:
196:
184:
164:
133:
109:
36:
5023:Spanish colonial period of Cuba
4758:
3689:(Universitat de València, 2016)
3487:
3421:
3312:
3270:
3244:
3233:
3207:
3103:
3090:
3077:
3071:"Military Historical Victimary"
2212:'s fight for independence from
1203:Argentine Northwest (1560–1667)
3500:University of California Press
3039:
3026:
3005:
2996:
2989:Ramiro Guerra Sánchez (1972).
2971:
1:
3547:Navarro, José Cantón (1998).
3401:: CS1 maint: date and year (
2919:
2454:and, in early February 1869,
2419:
2239:
480:Francisco Lersundi Hormaechea
67:10 October 1868 – 28 May 1878
4902:Eritrean War of Independence
3910:Cuban intervention in Angola
3725:Anales de la Guerra en Cuba,
3718:Cuba: The Pursuit of Freedom
3678:Padilla Angulo, Fernando J.
3123:Pérez, Louis A. Jr. (2006).
3098:Cuba: The Pursuit of Freedom
3011:José Andrés-Gallego (1981).
2991:War of the 10 i.e. Ten years
2924:
2775:
2749:in Zanjón, Puerto Príncipe.
2612:Salvador Cisneros Betancourt
2232:involvement, leading to the
1671:Dominican Republic (1863–65)
7:
3701:Journal of American Studies
3578:Perez Jr., Louis A (1988).
3532:(4th ed.). McFarland.
2840:
2450:rose up in arms during the
2321:
10:
5069:
4814:Armed conflicts involving
4219:Territorial Troops Militia
3675:(1936) 1:176–200, 2:667–94
3520:
2788:Cuba's War of Independence
2600:Ignacio Agramonte y Loynáz
2494:" tactics of the ruthless
2316:
2299:Francisco Vicente Aguilera
2244:
1527:Banda Oriental (1776–1777)
958:Spanish colonial campaigns
18:
4975:Military internationalism
4957:
4837:Cuban War of Independence
4822:
4743:
4678:
4580:
4571:
4382:
4373:
4292:
4283:
4249:
4233:
4191:
4075:
4071:
4062:
4010:
4001:
3943:
3930:Fidel's transfer of power
3882:
3831:Cuban War of Independence
3789:
3685:Padilla, Andrés Sánchez.
3563:: Editorial SI-MAR S. A.
3494:Cederlöf, Gustav (2023).
3472:, History of Cuba website
2869:Cuban War of Independence
2553:, Enrique Loret de Mola,
2535:Federico Fernández Cavada
2523:Federico Fernández Cavada
2477:Cuban War of Independence
2430:Federico Fernández Cavada
2392:10th of October Manifesto
2331:Carlos Manuel de Céspedes
2307:Carlos Manuel de Céspedes
2226:Cuban War of Independence
2218:Carlos Manuel de Céspedes
1885:Cuban War of Independence
1847:Captaincy General of Cuba
1579:Spanish America (1808–33)
1574:Río de la Plata (1806–07)
966:
749:
663:
620:
154:
147:Captaincy General of Cuba
99:
59:
35:
30:
4907:South African Border War
2569:, Benjamín Ramirez, and
2452:Las Clavellinas Uprising
2289:Revolutionary conspiracy
1969:Cuban Revolution of 1933
1821:Viceroyalty of New Spain
1748:Western Sahara (1973–76)
1676:Peru and Chile (1864–66)
1475:Banda Oriental (1735–37)
976:Canary Islands (1402–96)
3584:Oxford University Press
3528:Clodfelter, M. (2017).
2879:Francisco Gonzalo Marín
2762:Arsenio Martínez Campos
2593:Constitutional assembly
2531:Adolfo Fernández Cavada
2519:Vicente García González
2488:Confederate States Army
2192:Guerra de los Diez Años
1532:North America (1779–83)
1450:North America (1702–13)
1288:Philippines (1599-1600)
1223:Philippines (1565–1898)
4857:1952 Cuban coup d'état
4339:International rankings
4176:Prime Minister of Cuba
4171:Vice President of Cuba
3602:37.3 (1957): 296–312.
2894:Juan Bautista Spotorno
2889:José Semidei Rodríguez
2770:Antonio Maceo Grajales
2757:
2746:Juan Bautista Spotorno
2692:Rebel political strife
2571:Julio Grave de Peralta
2507:Antonio Maceo Grajales
2432:
2417:
2333:
2200:
2191:
2040:Intervention in Angola
1977:1952 Cuban coup d'état
1905:US Military Government
155:Commanders and leaders
4970:Foreign interventions
4939:Nicaraguan Revolution
3703:48.2 (2014): 541–58.
3692:Pérez, Louis A., Jr.
2827:26th of July Movement
2755:
2427:
2399:
2329:
1753:Western Sahara (1975)
1706:Philippines (1896–98)
1661:Cochinchina (1858–62)
1562:Caribbean (1796–1802)
1423:Lake Maracaibo (1669)
1359:Philippines (1638-46)
1233:Philippines (1567–72)
1088:El Salvador (1524–39)
1083:Guatemala (1524–1697)
1043:Puerto Rico (1511–29)
679:60,000 civilians dead
664:Casualties and losses
358:Francisco V. Aguilera
267:Honorato del Castillo
171:Carlos M. de Céspedes
116:Cuban Liberation Army
5028:Spanish–American War
4944:Salvadoran Civil War
4897:Ñancahuazú Guerrilla
4887:Cuban Missile Crisis
4877:Bay of Pigs Invasion
4842:Spanish–American War
4542:Association Football
4527:Scouting and Guiding
4319:Dual economy of Cuba
4090:Council of Ministers
4050:World Heritage Sites
3905:Cuban Missile Crisis
3900:Bay of Pigs Invasion
3844:Spanish–American War
3633:(1976) pp 33, 131–63
2825:sought to frame the
2652:Sir Lambton Lorraine
2641:University of Havana
2581:, first settling in
2547:Luis Marcano-Alvarez
2274:"Information Board,"
2234:Spanish–American War
2224:(1879–1880) and the
2032:Cuban Missile Crisis
2024:Bay of Pigs Invasion
1433:New Mexico (1680–92)
670:50,000–100,000 dead
632:10,000–12,000 (1873)
629:10,000–20,000 (1869)
47:Ramón Padró y Pedret
4997:Sphere of influence
4949:Invasion of Grenada
4917:Ethiopian Civil War
4867:Escambray rebellion
3895:Escambray rebellion
3713:30.3 (2006): 335–65
3664:Langley, Lester D.
3657:Hernandez, Jose M.
3652:Cuba: A New History
3622:Campbell, Charles.
3615:Campbell, Charles.
3608:Benjamin, Jules R.
3109:Arthur F. Corwin,
2835:War of Independence
2742:Tomás Estrada Palma
2669:on the island. The
2667:concentration camps
2622:Spanish repressions
2559:Domingo de Goicuría
1798:Governorate of Cuba
1666:Morocco (1859–1860)
1656:Balanguingui (1848)
1624:Venezuela (1811–23)
1589:Argentina (1810–18)
1103:Yucatán (1527–1697)
1078:Chiapas (1523–1695)
686:81,248–90,000 dead
287:Miguel J. Gutiérrez
4344:Telecommunications
4209:Revolutionary Navy
4204:Revolutionary Army
4085:Corruption in Cuba
3811:Colonial governors
3711:Diplomatic History
3636:Corwin, Arthur F.
3470:"The Ten Year War"
3278:"Cronologia_abril"
3083:Charles Campbell,
2808:La Guerra Chiquita
2798:Remaining tensions
2758:
2724:Failing insurgency
2527:American Civil War
2433:
2378:Haitian Revolution
2361:Military responses
2334:
2293:In July 1867, the
1961:Sugar Intervention
1945:Cuban Pacification
1711:Puerto Rico (1898)
1681:Puerto Rico (1868)
1639:Colombia (1819–20)
1634:Colombia (1815–16)
1614:El Salvador (1811)
1599:Paraguay (1810–11)
1542:New Granada (1781)
1512:Philippines (1762)
1418:Porto Bello (1668)
1388:Philippines (1646)
1344:Philippines (1630)
1300:Philippines (1602)
1283:Puerto Rico (1598)
1273:Philippines (1596)
1268:Puerto Rico (1595)
1263:Cambodia (1593–97)
1143:Colombia (1537–40)
1093:Honduras (1524–39)
1058:Mexico (1519–1821)
849:Naranjo-Mojacasabe
698:1,700 dead sailors
695:3,200 dead marines
650:40,000 (late 1869)
540:Francisco Ceballos
247:Ángel del Castillo
5005:
5004:
4922:Angolan Civil War
4781:
4780:
4739:
4738:
4735:
4734:
4567:
4566:
4369:
4368:
4279:
4278:
4275:
4274:
4159:President of Cuba
4137:Political parties
4120:Human trafficking
4105:Foreign relations
4058:
4057:
3997:
3996:
3951:History of Havana
3723:Pirala, Antonio.
3539:978-0-7864-7470-7
3509:978-0-520-39313-4
3380:978-1-350-28121-9
3183:Cuba: The Culture
3170:, pp. 43–44.
3142:978-0-19-517911-8
3100:(1971) pp 244–63.
3087:(2017) pp 179–98.
3021:978-8-43212-114-2
2904:Little War (Cuba)
2718:Third Carlist War
2701:Continued warfare
2686:Otto von Bismarck
2682:Fernando Heydrich
2616:Manuel de Quesada
2563:Guillermo Moncada
2437:Perucho Figueredo
2365:That same month,
2264:Colonial policies
2180:
2179:
2060:
2052:
2044:
2036:
2028:
2020:
2006:
1994:
1986:
1973:
1965:
1957:
1949:
1935:
1923:
1909:
1897:
1889:
1881:
1873:
1865:
1851:
1839:
1825:
1802:
1761:
1760:
1743:Morocco (1957–58)
1738:Morocco (1920–26)
1733:Morocco (1911–12)
1696:Morocco (1893–94)
1644:Ecuador (1820–22)
1584:Bolivia (1809–25)
1517:Chile (1766–1767)
1465:Chile (1723–1726)
1398:Hispaniola (1655)
1305:Insulindia (1603)
1258:Insulindia (1585)
1253:Insulindia (1582)
1163:Chile (1546–1662)
1053:Algeria (1517–18)
922:
921:
708:
707:
701:5,000 dead Cubans
528:Antonio Caballero
338:Perucho Figueredo
203:Ignacio Agramonte
191:Manuel de Quesada
95:
94:
5060:
4965:Military history
4958:Related articles
4862:Cuban Revolution
4808:
4801:
4794:
4785:
4784:
4771:
4770:
4761:
4760:
4751:
4750:
4701:Baseball players
4578:
4577:
4384:
4383:
4380:
4379:
4332:Convertible peso
4327:
4290:
4289:
4095:Council of State
4073:
4072:
4069:
4068:
4008:
4007:
3987:Santiago de Cuba
3796:
3795:
3772:
3765:
3758:
3749:
3748:
3720:(1971) pp 244–63
3619:(2017) pp 179–98
3587:
3574:
3554:
3543:
3514:
3513:
3491:
3485:
3479:
3473:
3467:
3458:
3452:
3446:
3445:
3425:
3419:
3413:
3407:
3406:
3400:
3392:
3364:
3353:
3347:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3336:
3316:
3310:
3300:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3289:
3284:on 19 March 2005
3280:. Archived from
3274:
3268:
3262:
3256:
3255:
3248:
3242:
3240:es:Grito de Yara
3237:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3226:
3221:on 9 August 2007
3217:. Archived from
3211:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3200:
3177:
3171:
3165:
3159:
3153:
3147:
3146:
3130:
3120:
3114:
3107:
3101:
3094:
3088:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3067:
3046:
3043:
3037:
3030:
3024:
3009:
3003:
3000:
2994:
2987:
2978:
2975:
2969:
2950:
2941:
2935:
2914:Rosa Castellanos
2899:Juan Ríus Rivera
2857:
2852:
2851:
2850:
2604:Antonio Zambrana
2500:Valeriano Weyler
2492:ethnic cleansing
2203:
2172:
2165:
2158:
2144:
2143:
2142:
2120:Military history
2100:Economic history
2058:
2050:
2042:
2034:
2026:
2018:
2004:
2002:Republic of Cuba
1992:
1984:
1982:Cuban Revolution
1971:
1963:
1955:
1947:
1933:
1931:Republic of Cuba
1921:
1907:
1895:
1887:
1879:
1871:
1863:
1861:Lopez Expedition
1849:
1837:
1823:
1800:
1792:
1782:
1764:
1763:
1649:Mexico (1821–29)
1604:Mexico (1810–21)
1507:Nicaragua (1762)
1158:Halmahera (1545)
1128:Brazil (1534-36)
1063:Mexico (1519–21)
961:
959:
949:
942:
935:
926:
925:
904:Nuevas de Jobosí
899:Mangos de Mejías
879:Cafetal González
744:
734:
727:
720:
711:
710:
612:Valeriano Weyler
610:
609:
608:
598:
597:
596:
588:Camilo Polavieja
586:
585:
584:
574:
573:
572:
564:Joaquín Jovellar
562:
561:
560:
552:Cándido Pieltaín
550:
549:
548:
538:
537:
536:
526:
525:
524:
514:
513:
512:
502:
501:
500:
490:
489:
488:
478:
477:
476:
462:
452:
451:
450:
440:
439:
438:
428:
427:
426:
418:
408:
407:
406:
396:
395:
394:
386:
376:
375:
374:
366:
356:
355:
354:
346:
336:
335:
334:
324:
323:
322:
313:
305:
304:
303:
295:
285:
284:
283:
275:
265:
264:
263:
255:
245:
244:
243:
233:
232:
231:
221:
220:
219:
211:
201:
200:
199:
189:
188:
187:
179:
169:
168:
167:
139:
137:
136:
114:
113:
112:
61:
60:
55:
40:
28:
27:
21:The Ten Year War
5068:
5067:
5063:
5062:
5061:
5059:
5058:
5057:
5043:1870s conflicts
5038:1860s conflicts
5008:
5007:
5006:
5001:
4953:
4824:
4818:
4812:
4782:
4777:
4768:
4731:
4674:
4563:
4507:Public holidays
4497:Musical theater
4365:
4325:
4302:Agrarian reform
4271:
4245:
4234:Law enforcement
4229:
4187:
4054:
3993:
3939:
3915:Mariel boatlift
3883:Post-Revolution
3878:
3849:Platt Amendment
3836:Sinking of USS
3785:
3776:
3738:
3696:(1990) pp 50–54
3671:Nevins, Allan.
3668:(1968) pp 53–81
3654:(2004) pp 71–83
3650:Gott, Richard.
3626:(1976) pp 53–59
3612:(1990) pp 13–19
3595:
3593:Further reading
3590:
3571:
3540:
3523:
3518:
3517:
3510:
3492:
3488:
3480:
3476:
3468:
3461:
3453:
3449:
3442:
3426:
3422:
3414:
3410:
3394:
3393:
3381:
3365:
3356:
3348:
3344:
3334:
3332:
3317:
3313:
3301:
3297:
3287:
3285:
3276:
3275:
3271:
3263:
3259:
3250:
3249:
3245:
3238:
3234:
3224:
3222:
3213:
3212:
3208:
3198:
3196:
3194:
3178:
3174:
3166:
3162:
3154:
3150:
3143:
3121:
3117:
3108:
3104:
3095:
3091:
3082:
3078:
3069:
3068:
3049:
3044:
3040:
3031:
3027:
3010:
3006:
3001:
2997:
2988:
2981:
2976:
2972:
2951:
2944:
2938:Clodfelter 2017
2936:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2884:History of Cuba
2853:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2820:
2800:
2783:
2778:
2739:
2726:
2703:
2694:
2632:John A. Quitman
2624:
2595:
2567:Quintin Bandera
2486:, a veteran of
2422:
2394:
2363:
2324:
2319:
2291:
2266:
2247:
2242:
2176:
2146:Cuba portal
2140:
2138:
2130:Women's history
1953:Negro Rebellion
1919:Platt Amendment
1893:Treaty of Paris
1835:Siege of Havana
1780:
1773:
1762:
1757:
1629:Chile (1812–27)
1490:Portugal (1762)
1383:Valdivia (1643)
1320:Petén (1618–97)
962:
957:
955:
953:
923:
918:
769:Las Clavellinas
745:
740:
738:
704:
688:
682:
672:
659:
638:
616:
606:
604:
594:
592:
582:
580:
570:
568:
558:
556:
546:
544:
534:
532:
522:
520:
510:
508:
498:
496:
486:
484:
474:
472:
466:
458:
448:
446:
436:
434:
424:
422:
414:
404:
402:
392:
390:
382:
372:
370:
362:
352:
350:
342:
332:
330:
320:
318:
301:
299:
291:
281:
279:
271:
261:
259:
251:
241:
239:
229:
227:
217:
215:
207:
197:
195:
185:
183:
175:
165:
163:
134:
132:
128:
110:
108:
81:
68:
49:
41:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5066:
5056:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5018:Ten Years' War
5003:
5002:
5000:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4988:
4987:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4961:
4959:
4955:
4954:
4952:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4930:
4929:
4919:
4914:
4912:Yom Kippur War
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4832:Ten Years' War
4828:
4826:
4820:
4819:
4811:
4810:
4803:
4796:
4788:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4775:
4765:
4755:
4744:
4741:
4740:
4737:
4736:
4733:
4732:
4730:
4729:
4728:
4727:
4717:
4716:
4715:
4705:
4704:
4703:
4693:
4688:
4682:
4680:
4676:
4675:
4673:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4581:
4575:
4569:
4568:
4565:
4564:
4562:
4561:
4556:
4555:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4488:
4487:
4482:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4461:
4460:
4450:
4449:
4448:
4443:
4433:
4432:
4431:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4390:
4388:
4377:
4371:
4370:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4363:
4362:
4361:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4335:
4334:
4329:
4316:
4311:
4310:
4309:
4304:
4293:
4287:
4281:
4280:
4277:
4276:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4253:
4251:
4247:
4246:
4244:
4243:
4237:
4235:
4231:
4230:
4228:
4227:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4195:
4193:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4185:
4184:
4183:
4173:
4168:
4167:
4166:
4156:
4151:
4150:
4149:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4128:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4076:
4066:
4060:
4059:
4056:
4055:
4053:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4020:Municipalities
4017:
4011:
4005:
3999:
3998:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3991:
3990:
3989:
3960:
3959:
3958:
3947:
3945:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3920:Special Period
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3886:
3884:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3864:1932 hurricane
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3821:Ten Years' War
3818:
3813:
3808:
3802:
3800:
3799:Pre-Revolution
3793:
3787:
3786:
3775:
3774:
3767:
3760:
3752:
3746:
3745:
3737:
3736:External links
3734:
3733:
3732:
3728:
3721:
3716:Thomas, Hugh.
3714:
3707:
3697:
3690:
3683:
3676:
3669:
3662:
3661:(1993) pp 6–15
3655:
3648:
3641:
3634:
3627:
3620:
3613:
3606:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3575:
3569:
3544:
3538:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3508:
3486:
3474:
3459:
3447:
3440:
3420:
3408:
3379:
3354:
3342:
3311:
3295:
3269:
3257:
3243:
3232:
3206:
3192:
3172:
3160:
3148:
3141:
3115:
3102:
3089:
3076:
3047:
3038:
3025:
3004:
2995:
2979:
2970:
2942:
2940:, p. 306.
2929:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2863:Ana Betancourt
2859:
2858:
2842:
2839:
2819:
2818:Further legacy
2816:
2799:
2796:
2782:
2781:Pact of Zanjón
2779:
2777:
2774:
2766:Pact of Zanjón
2738:
2735:
2725:
2722:
2702:
2699:
2693:
2690:
2623:
2620:
2594:
2591:
2585:, and then in
2555:Julio Sanguily
2541:side included
2529:. His brother
2515:Calixto García
2421:
2418:
2393:
2390:
2362:
2359:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2290:
2287:
2265:
2262:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2208:, was part of
2184:Ten Years' War
2178:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2167:
2160:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2115:Jewish history
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2071:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2061:
2053:
2048:Special Period
2045:
2037:
2029:
2021:
2008:
2007:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1987:
1979:
1974:
1966:
1958:
1950:
1937:
1936:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1911:
1910:
1901:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1890:
1882:
1874:
1869:Ten Years' War
1866:
1853:
1852:
1843:
1842:
1841:
1840:
1827:
1826:
1817:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1812:Taíno genocide
1804:
1803:
1794:
1793:
1785:
1784:
1775:
1774:
1767:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1728:Morocco (1909)
1724:
1723:
1719:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1701:Cuba (1895–98)
1698:
1693:
1691:Cuba (1879–80)
1688:
1686:Cuba (1868–78)
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1619:Uruguay (1811)
1616:
1611:
1609:Peru (1811–24)
1606:
1601:
1596:
1594:Florida (1810)
1591:
1586:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1552:Algiers (1784)
1549:
1547:Algiers (1783)
1544:
1539:
1537:Peru (1780–82)
1534:
1529:
1524:
1522:Algiers (1775)
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1498:
1497:
1492:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1460:Bahamas (1720)
1457:
1452:
1446:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1438:Morocco (1689)
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1413:Jamaica (1658)
1410:
1408:Jamaica (1657)
1405:
1403:Jamaica (1655)
1400:
1395:
1393:Tortuga (1654)
1390:
1385:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1315:Morocco (1614)
1312:
1310:Tunisia (1605)
1307:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1243:Tunisia (1574)
1240:
1238:Tunisia (1573)
1235:
1230:
1228:Florida (1565)
1225:
1220:
1218:Morocco (1564)
1215:
1213:Morocco (1563)
1210:
1208:Algeria (1563)
1205:
1200:
1198:Tunisia (1560)
1195:
1193:Algeria (1558)
1190:
1188:Algeria (1556)
1185:
1183:Algeria (1555)
1180:
1175:
1173:Tunisia (1550)
1170:
1168:Algeria (1547)
1165:
1160:
1155:
1153:Algeria (1543)
1150:
1148:Algeria (1541)
1145:
1140:
1138:Tunisia (1535)
1135:
1133:Algeria (1535)
1130:
1125:
1123:Tunisia (1534)
1120:
1118:Peru (1532–72)
1115:
1113:Algeria (1531)
1110:
1108:Algeria (1529)
1105:
1100:
1098:Morocco (1525)
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1073:Tunisia (1520)
1070:
1068:Algeria (1519)
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1048:Algeria (1516)
1045:
1040:
1038:Tunisia (1510)
1035:
1033:Tripoli (1510)
1030:
1028:Algeria (1510)
1025:
1023:Algeria (1509)
1020:
1018:Morocco (1508)
1015:
1013:Algeria (1507)
1010:
1008:Algeria (1505)
1004:
1003:
999:
998:
996:Melilla (1497)
993:
991:Algeria (1497)
988:
983:
978:
972:
971:
967:
964:
963:
952:
951:
944:
937:
929:
920:
919:
917:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
894:3rd Las Villas
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
854:2nd Las Villas
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
789:1st Las Villas
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
756:
750:
747:
746:
742:Ten Years' War
737:
736:
729:
722:
714:
706:
705:
703:
702:
699:
696:
693:
689:
683:
681:
680:
677:
673:
666:
665:
661:
660:
658:
657:
654:
651:
648:
645:
641:
639:
637:
636:
633:
630:
626:
623:
622:
618:
617:
615:
614:
602:
600:Arsenio Campos
590:
578:
576:José Gutiérrez
566:
554:
542:
530:
518:
516:Felipe Ginovés
506:
494:
482:
469:
467:
465:
464:
444:
432:
420:
400:
388:
368:
348:
328:
316:
307:Calixto García
297:
277:
257:
237:
225:
223:Vicente García
213:
193:
181:
160:
157:
156:
152:
151:
150:
149:
141:Spanish Empire
129:
127:
126:
123:
118:
105:
102:
101:
97:
96:
93:
92:
90:Pact of Zanjón
87:
83:
82:
77:
75:
71:
70:
65:
57:
56:
33:
32:
31:Ten Years' War
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5065:
5054:
5053:1870s in Cuba
5051:
5049:
5048:1860s in Cuba
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5015:
5013:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4986:
4983:
4982:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4962:
4960:
4956:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4928:
4925:
4924:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4825:international
4821:
4817:
4809:
4804:
4802:
4797:
4795:
4790:
4789:
4786:
4774:
4766:
4764:
4756:
4754:
4746:
4745:
4742:
4726:
4723:
4722:
4721:
4718:
4714:
4711:
4710:
4709:
4706:
4702:
4699:
4698:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4679:By occupation
4677:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4582:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4570:
4560:
4557:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4539:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4477:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4459:
4456:
4455:
4454:
4451:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4438:
4437:
4434:
4430:
4427:
4426:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4385:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4372:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4322:
4321:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4299:
4298:
4295:
4294:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4282:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4254:
4252:
4248:
4242:
4239:
4238:
4236:
4232:
4225:
4224:National Army
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4196:
4194:
4190:
4182:
4179:
4178:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4148:
4145:
4144:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4112:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4074:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4061:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4012:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4000:
3988:
3984:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3964:
3963:
3962:Other cities
3961:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3952:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3942:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3881:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3839:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3788:
3784:
3780:
3773:
3768:
3766:
3761:
3759:
3754:
3753:
3750:
3744:
3740:
3739:
3729:
3726:
3722:
3719:
3715:
3712:
3708:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3695:
3691:
3688:
3684:
3681:
3677:
3674:
3670:
3667:
3663:
3660:
3656:
3653:
3649:
3646:
3643:Ferrer, Ada.
3642:
3639:
3635:
3632:
3628:
3625:
3621:
3618:
3614:
3611:
3607:
3605:
3601:
3597:
3596:
3585:
3581:
3576:
3572:
3570:959-7054-19-1
3566:
3562:
3558:
3553:
3552:
3545:
3541:
3535:
3531:
3526:
3525:
3511:
3505:
3501:
3497:
3490:
3484:, p. 52.
3483:
3478:
3471:
3466:
3464:
3457:, p. 50.
3456:
3451:
3443:
3441:9788400068936
3437:
3433:
3432:
3424:
3418:, p. 48.
3417:
3412:
3404:
3398:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3376:
3372:
3371:
3363:
3361:
3359:
3352:, p. 47.
3351:
3346:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3315:
3309:
3308:0-8359-0641-8
3305:
3299:
3283:
3279:
3273:
3267:, p. 45.
3266:
3261:
3253:
3247:
3241:
3236:
3220:
3216:
3210:
3195:
3193:9780778793267
3189:
3185:
3184:
3176:
3169:
3164:
3158:, p. 43.
3157:
3152:
3144:
3138:
3134:
3129:
3128:
3119:
3112:
3106:
3099:
3096:Hugh Thomas,
3093:
3086:
3080:
3072:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3056:
3054:
3052:
3042:
3035:
3029:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3008:
2999:
2992:
2986:
2984:
2974:
2967:
2966:9788425302916
2963:
2959:
2955:
2949:
2947:
2939:
2934:
2930:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2856:
2845:
2838:
2836:
2832:
2831:anti-colonial
2828:
2824:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2795:
2791:
2789:
2773:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2754:
2750:
2747:
2743:
2734:
2730:
2721:
2719:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2698:
2689:
2687:
2683:
2678:
2676:
2673:fought using
2672:
2668:
2664:
2659:
2655:
2653:
2648:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2633:
2628:
2619:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2590:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2574:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2551:Carlos Roloff
2548:
2544:
2543:Donato Mármol
2540:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2503:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2484:Thomas Jordan
2480:
2478:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2460:Pinar del Río
2457:
2453:
2449:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2431:
2426:
2416:
2413:
2410:
2406:
2403:
2398:
2389:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2373:
2368:
2358:
2355:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2343:Grito de Yara
2340:
2332:
2328:
2314:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2286:
2284:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2261:
2258:
2253:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2230:United States
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2202:
2201:Guerra Grande
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2173:
2168:
2166:
2161:
2159:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2147:
2137:
2136:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2080:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2057:
2054:
2049:
2046:
2041:
2038:
2033:
2030:
2025:
2022:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2009:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1991:
1988:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1970:
1967:
1962:
1959:
1954:
1951:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1920:
1917:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1912:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1894:
1891:
1886:
1883:
1878:
1875:
1870:
1867:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1808:
1806:
1805:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1786:
1783:
1777:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1765:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1455:Chiloé (1712)
1453:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1428:Panama (1671)
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1377:
1375:
1374:Taiwan (1642)
1372:
1370:
1369:Taiwan (1641)
1367:
1365:
1364:Brazil (1640)
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1354:Brazil (1638)
1352:
1350:
1349:Brazil (1631)
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1333:
1331:
1330:Taiwan (1626)
1328:
1326:
1325:Brazil (1625)
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1248:Brunei (1578)
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1001:
1000:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
986:Guinea (1478)
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
973:
969:
968:
965:
960:
950:
945:
943:
938:
936:
931:
930:
927:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
889:2nd Las Tunas
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
809:1st Las Tunas
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
794:Jagüey Grande
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
764:Pino de Baire
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
751:
748:
743:
735:
730:
728:
723:
721:
716:
715:
712:
700:
697:
694:
691:
690:
687:
684:
678:
675:
674:
671:
668:
667:
662:
656:30,000 (1875)
655:
653:55,000 (1870)
652:
649:
647:30,000 (1868)
646:
643:
642:
640:
635:8,000+ (1878)
634:
631:
628:
627:
625:
624:
619:
613:
603:
601:
591:
589:
579:
577:
567:
565:
555:
553:
543:
541:
531:
529:
519:
517:
507:
505:
495:
493:
492:Domingo Dulce
483:
481:
471:
470:
468:
463:
461:
455:
445:
443:
442:Thomas Jordan
433:
431:
421:
419:
417:
411:
401:
399:
389:
387:
385:
379:
378:Donato Mármol
369:
367:
365:
359:
349:
347:
345:
339:
329:
327:
326:Antonio Maceo
317:
314:
308:
298:
296:
294:
288:
278:
276:
274:
268:
258:
256:
254:
248:
238:
236:
235:Carlos Roloff
226:
224:
214:
212:
210:
204:
194:
192:
182:
180:
178:
172:
162:
161:
159:
158:
153:
148:
145:
144:
143:
142:
130:
124:
122:
121:Supported by:
119:
117:
107:
106:
104:
103:
98:
91:
88:
85:
84:
80:
76:
73:
72:
66:
63:
62:
58:
53:
48:
44:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
4927:intervention
4872:Congo Crisis
4852:World War II
4831:
4823:External and
4600:Cape Verdean
4573:Demographics
4429:Universities
4399:Architecture
4314:Central bank
4307:Cooperatives
4250:Intelligence
4110:Human rights
4080:Constitution
3869:World War II
3837:
3820:
3724:
3717:
3710:
3700:
3693:
3686:
3679:
3672:
3665:
3658:
3651:
3644:
3637:
3630:
3623:
3616:
3609:
3599:
3582:. New York:
3579:
3550:
3529:
3495:
3489:
3482:Navarro 1998
3477:
3455:Navarro 1998
3450:
3430:
3423:
3416:Navarro 1998
3411:
3369:
3350:Navarro 1998
3345:
3333:. Retrieved
3328:
3324:
3314:
3298:
3286:. Retrieved
3282:the original
3272:
3265:Navarro 1998
3260:
3246:
3235:
3223:. Retrieved
3219:the original
3209:
3197:. Retrieved
3182:
3175:
3168:Navarro 1998
3163:
3156:Navarro 1998
3151:
3126:
3118:
3110:
3105:
3097:
3092:
3084:
3079:
3041:
3033:
3028:
3012:
3007:
2998:
2990:
2973:
2957:
2956:Volume I of
2953:
2933:
2823:Fidel Castro
2821:
2807:
2801:
2792:
2784:
2759:
2740:
2731:
2727:
2715:
2704:
2695:
2679:
2662:
2660:
2656:
2644:
2636:peninsulares
2635:
2629:
2625:
2608:Constitution
2596:
2575:
2504:
2496:Blas Villate
2481:
2445:
2434:
2414:
2411:
2407:
2404:
2400:
2395:
2382:yellow fever
2370:
2367:Máximo Gómez
2364:
2351:
2342:
2339:La Demajagua
2335:
2311:La Demajagua
2310:
2294:
2292:
2283:peninsulares
2282:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2252:abolitionist
2248:
2205:
2195:
2183:
2181:
2110:Human rights
2016:Cuban exodus
2011:
1940:
1914:
1868:
1856:
1830:
1807:
1722:20th century
1685:
1568:19th century
1557:Chile (1792)
1444:18th century
1380:
1339:Nevis (1629)
1336:
1294:17th century
1178:Libya (1551)
1002:16th century
970:15th century
864:Las Guasimas
804:2nd Guáimaro
799:1st Guáimaro
741:
685:
669:
504:Blas Villate
459:
430:Modesto Díaz
415:
410:Luis Marcano
398:Máximo Gómez
383:
363:
343:
292:
272:
252:
208:
176:
131:
120:
100:Belligerents
42:
25:
4892:Vietnam War
4847:World War I
4297:Agriculture
4035:Earthquakes
3965:Timelines:
3859:World War I
3288:28 December
3225:26 December
2874:Cuban Junta
2855:Cuba portal
2711:Henry Reeve
2441:La Bayamesa
2347:Cry of Yara
2279:Fernando Po
2257:plantations
2090:Agriculture
2059:(2015–2017)
2051:(1991–2000)
2043:(1975–1991)
1985:(1953–1959)
1964:(1917–1922)
1948:(1906–1909)
1934:(1902–1959)
1908:(1898–1902)
1888:(1895–1898)
1880:(1879–1880)
1872:(1868–1878)
1864:(1850–1851)
1850:(1607–1898)
1824:(1535–1821)
1801:(1511–1519)
1779:History of
1716:Guam (1898)
1502:Cuba (1762)
1470:Oran (1732)
1278:Cuba (1596)
914:San Ulpiano
909:Juan Mulato
869:2nd Western
814:1st Western
454:Henry Reeve
50: [
5012:Categories
4934:Ogaden War
4686:Architects
4590:Afro-Cuban
4532:Sociolismo
4480:Newspapers
4470:Literature
4458:Censorship
4441:Healthcare
4326:(currency)
4154:Propaganda
4115:Censorship
4040:Hurricanes
3975:Guantánamo
3971:Cienfuegos
3935:Cuban thaw
3925:Maleconazo
3874:Revolution
3826:Little War
3743:CubaGenWeb
3389:1371294587
2920:References
2812:José Martí
2804:Little War
2744:succeeded
2511:José Maceo
2472:José Martí
2456:Las Villas
2420:Escalation
2303:Manzanillo
2240:Background
2222:Little War
2206:War of '68
2204:) and the
2105:Healthcare
2056:Cuban thaw
1877:Little War
1335:St. Kitts
884:Yaguaramas
824:Guantánamo
784:2nd Bayamo
759:1st Bayamo
4517:Rationing
4502:Festivals
4446:Hospitals
4424:Education
4354:Transport
4226:(defunct)
4214:Air Force
4147:President
4100:Elections
4025:Provinces
4003:Geography
3397:cite book
3335:17 August
3199:8 October
2925:Citations
2776:Aftermath
2675:guerrilla
2646:Virginius
2196:Great War
2095:Education
874:Manaquita
844:Palo Seco
829:Jimaguayú
779:El Salado
4992:Cold War
4882:Sand War
4753:Category
4713:abstract
4708:Painters
4696:Athletes
4655:Lebanese
4640:Japanese
4615:Filipino
4595:American
4547:Baseball
4522:Religion
4465:Language
4453:Internet
4192:Military
4064:Politics
3983:Matanzas
3967:Camagüey
3956:Timeline
3854:Republic
3806:Timeline
3783:articles
3331:(2): 7–8
2841:See also
2760:General
2671:Mambises
2663:en masse
2583:Key West
2468:Matanzas
2448:Camagüey
2409:people.
2386:immunity
2322:Uprising
2305:, where
2125:Religion
2068:Timeline
1770:a series
1768:Part of
859:Cascorro
839:La Sacra
819:Sanguily
621:Strength
74:Location
4763:Outline
4720:Writers
4691:Artists
4665:Spanish
4660:Mexican
4635:Italian
4630:Isleños
4625:Haitian
4610:Ciboney
4605:Chinese
4414:Cuisine
4387:Society
4375:Culture
4359:airline
4349:Tourism
4285:Economy
4030:Islands
3979:Holguín
3816:Slavery
3791:History
3521:Sources
2707:Oriente
2579:Florida
2372:machete
2317:History
2245:Slavery
2188:Spanish
2082:Topical
2019:(1959–)
2005:(1959–)
1993:(1958–)
1379:Chiloé
834:Melones
774:Bonilla
460:†
416:†
384:†
364:†
344:†
309: (
293:†
273:†
253:†
209:†
177:†
4985:MINFAR
4650:Korean
4645:Jewish
4620:French
4585:Cubans
4552:Boxing
4436:Health
4409:Cigars
4404:Cinema
4045:Rivers
4015:Cities
3944:Cities
3781:
3705:online
3647:(1999)
3640:(1967)
3604:online
3567:
3557:Havana
3536:
3506:
3438:
3387:
3377:
3306:
3190:
3139:
3113:(1967)
3019:
2964:
2464:Havana
2374:charge
2035:(1962)
2027:(1961)
1972:(1933)
1956:(1912)
1922:(1901)
1896:(1898)
1838:(1762)
1772:on the
456:
412:
380:
360:
340:
289:
269:
249:
205:
173:
138:
86:Result
4773:Index
4725:women
4670:White
4559:Women
4537:Sport
4512:Radio
4492:Music
4475:Media
4419:Dance
4324:Peso
3838:Maine
3135:–89.
2587:Tampa
2539:Mambí
2428:Col.
2214:Spain
54:]
4816:Cuba
4181:list
4164:list
4125:LGBT
3779:Cuba
3565:ISBN
3561:Cuba
3534:ISBN
3504:ISBN
3436:ISBN
3403:link
3385:OCLC
3375:ISBN
3337:2022
3304:ISBN
3290:2005
3227:2005
3201:2018
3188:ISBN
3137:ISBN
3017:ISBN
2962:ISBN
2602:and
2521:and
2466:and
2354:Yara
2349:").
2210:Cuba
2182:The
1781:Cuba
754:Yara
79:Cuba
64:Date
4980:FAR
4394:Art
4132:Law
2665:to
2654:.
312:POW
45:by
5014::
4485:TV
3985:,
3981:,
3977:,
3973:,
3969:,
3559:,
3555:.
3502:.
3462:^
3399:}}
3395:{{
3383:.
3357:^
3329:57
3327:.
3323:.
3133:80
3050:^
2982:^
2945:^
2837:.
2589:.
2573:.
2565:,
2561:,
2557:,
2549:,
2545:,
2517:,
2513:,
2509:,
2479:.
2462:,
2345:("
2236:.
2190::
52:es
4807:e
4800:t
4793:v
3771:e
3764:t
3757:v
3586:.
3573:.
3542:.
3512:.
3444:.
3405:)
3391:.
3339:.
3292:.
3254:.
3229:.
3203:.
3145:.
3073:.
2968:.
2806:(
2198:(
2186:(
2171:e
2164:t
2157:v
1381:·
1337:·
948:e
941:t
934:v
733:e
726:t
719:v
315:)
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
