507:
234:
667:
280:
233:
453:
357:
335:. It is probable that the chronicler ascribed the events of 718 or 719 to Tervel simply because this was the last name of a Bulgar ruler that he was familiar with, and that his sources had been silent about the name, as in his account of the siege of Constantinople. According to another theory Kermesios was authorized by Tervel to sign the treaty.
487:", which appeared almost simultaneously, are the first texts that mention King Trivelius, in general, in Balkan literature, which is not the case in Western literature, where he has been strongly present since the 16th century. In the western literature, which was apparently also a source for the mentioned
506:
407:
asked for his assistance to regain the throne. Tervel provided him with troops and 360,000 gold coins. Anastasios marched to
Constantinople, but its population refused to cooperate. In the meantime Leo III sent a letter to Tervel in which he urged him to respect the treaty and to prefer peace to war.
383:
Leo III made a plea to Tervel for help, relying on the treaty of 716, and Tervel agreed. The first clash between the
Bulgars and the Arabs ended with a Bulgar victory. During the very first stages of the siege the Bulgars appeared in the Muslim rear and large part of their army was destroyed and the
533:
on the occasion of her ascension to the throne. Seventeen holy figures are represented on the copperplate. In the second row of saints, Saint
Theoctistus is represented, with clearly written signatures. All the characters presented, without exception, find their analogy in the saints from the house
529:", is particularly useful for identifying the image of St. Theoctistus from the Stematography. This copperplate depicting Saint Sava with Serbian saints from the house of Nemanjic was conceived as a kind of propaganda political memorandum, and was sent as a congratulatory message to Empress
447:
This king
Trivelius was the first to accept Christianity in 703 AD. After receiving the holy faith, he had great piety and devotion to Christ. Because of this, he built a monastery for himself and voluntarily left the kingdom and then took on the monastic rank. His monastic name was
537:
The interpretations by
Paisius, by analogy and without critical analysis, will be taken up in the later Bulgarian literature and will create a fictitious and until then non-existent saint cult, which will be reflected in the paintings of the 18th and 19th centuries.
499:". In addition, it is important to emphasize that Paisius was aware of the fact that the Serbian king Dragutin received monasticism with the name Theoctistus, so it is even more surprising that he connected the figure of the monk Theoctistus from the "
248:. Justinian acquired Tervel's support for an attempted restoration to the Byzantine throne in exchange for friendship, gifts, and his daughter in marriage. With an army of 15,000 horsemen provided by Tervel, Justinian suddenly advanced on
304:, Justinian was captured and executed, while his Bulgarian allies were allowed to retire to their country. Tervel took advantage of the disorders in Byzantium and raided Thrace in 712, plundering as far as the vicinity of Constantinople.
675:Христофор Жефарович и неговото време: материјали од вториот научен собир во чест на покровителите и заштитниците на градот Струмица св. Петнаесет тивериополски свештеномаченици, одржан во Струмица на 5 и 6 декември 2019 година
635:
287:
Only three years later, however, when
Justinian II consolidated his throne he violated this arrangement and commenced military operations to recover the ceded area but Khan Tervel routed the Byzantines at the
408:
Because
Anastasios was abandoned by his supporters, the Bulgarian ruler agreed to Leo III's pleas and broke relations with the usurper. He also sent Leo III many of the conspirators who had sought refuge in
323:(confirming the annual tribute paid by the Byzantines to Bulgaria, the territorial concessions in Thrace, regulating commercial relations and the treating of political refugees) with Emperor
1289:
268:), which made him second only to the emperor and the first foreign ruler in Byzantine history to receive such a title, and a territorial concession in northeastern
495:" his monastic name is mentioned, which is obviously an original construction of Paisius in order to connect Trivelius with the figure of Theoctistus from the "
608:
439:(1741), which depicts St. David, king of Bulgaria and St. Theoctistus. In the image of Saint Theoctistus, which is the monastic name of the Serbian king
342:
was created as a memorial to the victories over the
Byzantines, to honour his father Asparukh and as an expression of the glory of the Bulgarian state.
300:, Justinian again sought the aid of Tervel, but obtained only lukewarm support manifested in an army of 3,000. Outmaneuvered by the rebel emperor
1294:
791:
392:
destroyed the Arab fleets that had arrived with new provisions and equipment, while a
Byzantine army defeated Arab reinforcements in
523:
Another copperplate engraving by Žefarović from the same year 1741, which was made just a few months before the publication of the "
1274:
733:
244:
Tervel is first mentioned in the
Byzantine sources in 704, when he was approached by the deposed and exiled Byzantine emperor
351:
320:
200:
199:, but was later possibly baptised by the Byzantine clergy. Tervel played an important role in defeating the Arabs during the
1284:
211:
and reigned for 21 years. The testimony of the source and some later traditions allow identifying Tervel as the son of
619:
1249:
784:
591:
279:
204:
1264:
1259:
957:
327:
in 716. However, elsewhere Theophanes records the name of the Bulgarian ruler who concluded the treaty of 716 as
396:. Finally, in early summer the Arabs engaged the Bulgars in battle but suffered a crushing defeat. According to
1104:
252:
and managed to gain entrance into the city in 705. The restored emperor executed his supplanters, the emperors
546:
Tervel Peak on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Tervel of Bulgaria.
479:" from 1792, points out that in Ohrid "in his monastery until today lie his relics". It is striking that the "
443:, Paisius recognized King Trivelius or Tervel. Among other things, Paisius wrote about this Bulgarian ruler:
1114:
647:
421:
1279:
1254:
1129:
1040:
777:
403:
In 719, Tervel again interfered in the internal affairs of the Byzantine Empire when the deposed emperor
388:. They persisted with the siege despite the severe winter with 100 days of snowfall. In the spring, the
319:
in 718 or 719. If Tervel had survived this long, he would have been the Bulgarian ruler who concluded a
1154:
1139:
1124:
937:
932:
800:
646:"Българите", докум. филм, реж. и сценарист П. Петков, опер. Кр. Михайлов. Производство bTV. 2006 год.,
400:, the Bulgars slaughtered some 22,000 Arabs in the battle. Shortly after, the Arabs raised the siege.
1144:
1079:
971:
668:"Прилог кон идентификување на свети Давид цар и свети Теоктист од бакрорезите на Христофор Жефарович"
289:
224:
384:
rest were trapped. The Arabs built two trenches around their camp facing the Bulgarian army and the
1228:
1199:
1134:
1119:
431:
397:
373:
312:
1218:
1213:
1188:
1149:
1010:
996:
404:
385:
316:
28:
276:. Whether Justinian's daughter Anastasia was married to Tervel as had been arranged is unknown.
1051:
1045:
808:
181:
177:
103:
91:
17:
1223:
1109:
1030:
260:, alongside many of their supporters. Justinian awarded Tervel with many gifts, the title of
513:, engraving made by Hristofor Žefarović in 1741, a few months before the publication of the
338:
Most researches agree that it was during the time of Tervel when the famous rock relief the
283:
Bulgaria during the rule of Tervel. The territorial expansion of 705 can be seen on the map.
1084:
1005:
917:
907:
902:
761:
744:
369:
332:
212:
75:
65:
8:
1269:
1204:
1094:
1089:
1015:
978:
912:
897:
892:
887:
882:
817:
555:
427:
137:
115:
192:, the first foreigner to receive this title. He was raised a pagan like his grandfather
1299:
1074:
927:
872:
842:
472:
372:
was crowned Emperor of Byzantium. During the summer of the same year the Arabs, led by
253:
149:
534:
of Nemanja, so such an analogy should be sought for the character of Saint Theoctist.
1099:
1020:
985:
922:
862:
857:
847:
837:
827:
491:
monks, there is also the episode about his monasticism, but in no source before the "
110:
1181:
948:
852:
751:
169:
47:
1063:
1035:
595:
440:
273:
1165:
1057:
525:
515:
435:
389:
324:
265:
249:
189:
1243:
530:
1025:
964:
361:
339:
257:
245:
228:
193:
185:
173:
467:" (1760's) will even try to locate the monastery of St. Teoctist close to
1069:
488:
377:
301:
588:
238:
Bulgarian Khan Tervel receives payment for the capture of Constantinople
297:
832:
769:
452:
208:
127:
430:
interprets Tervel's character based on a copperplate engraving from
356:
315:
ascribes Tervel a role in an attempt to restore the deposed Emperor
393:
345:
311:, Tervel would have died in 715. However, the Byzantine Chronicler
240:, painting illustrating the payment made by Justinian II to Tervel
1174:
867:
560:
293:
122:
723:, C. Mango and R. Scott, trans., Oxford University Press, 1997.
579:Андреев, Й. Българските ханове и царе (VII-XIV в.). София, 1987
409:
269:
196:
468:
877:
456:
712:(primary source), Nikephoros Patriarch of Constantinople,
636:„История славянобългарска“, св.Паисий Хилендарски, 18 век.
380:
and besieged Constantinople with a large army and navy.
184:
at the beginning of the 8th century. In 705 Emperor
609:"The Bulgarian Theme in Constantinople's Monuments"
519:. Saint Theoctistus is depicted on the upper left.
1290:Bulgarian people of the Byzantine–Bulgarian Wars
1241:
346:The war with the Arabs in 717–718 and later life
716:, C. Mango, ed., Dumbarton Oaks Texts 10, 1990.
296:) in 708. In 711, faced by a serious revolt in
693:Imennik na bălgarskite hanove (novo tălkuvane)
785:
698:Jordan Andreev, Ivan Lazarov, Plamen Pavlov,
218:
27:"Tervel" redirects here. For other uses, see
415:
307:Given the chronological information of the
792:
778:
661:
659:
657:
655:
505:
451:
355:
278:
232:
665:
640:
14:
1242:
799:
652:
589:Хан Тервел – тема за кандидат студенти
503:" with the Bulgarian ruler Trivelius.
773:
721:The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor
629:
606:
582:
331:, i.e., Tervel's eventual successor
700:Koj koj e v srednovekovna Bălgarija
207:states that Tervel belonged to the
24:
25:
1311:
1295:People of the Arab–Byzantine wars
727:
352:Siege of Constantinople (717–718)
205:Nominalia of the Bulgarian khans
1275:8th-century Bulgarian monarchs
705:(primary source), Bahši Iman,
600:
573:
13:
1:
566:
7:
734:Rulers of Bulgaria – Tervel
549:
10:
1316:
1285:Caesars (Byzantine nobles)
709:, vol. III, Orenburg 1997.
685:
349:
222:
219:Alliance with Justinian II
26:
1198:
1163:
995:
946:
807:
758:
749:
741:
541:
416:The cult of St. Trivelius
225:Battle of Anchialus (708)
153:
133:
121:
109:
97:
85:
81:
71:
61:
53:
46:
41:
666:Недески, Виктор (2020).
398:Theophanes the Confessor
374:Maslama ibn Abd al-Malik
313:Theophanes the Confessor
1250:Monarchs of the Bulgars
201:siege of Constantinople
29:Tervel (disambiguation)
1265:8th-century Christians
1260:7th-century Christians
520:
485:Slav-Bulgarian History
460:
450:
423:Slav-Bulgarian History
365:
284:
241:
182:First Bulgarian Empire
1202:(1878–1908) and
607:Vachkova, Vesselina.
509:
455:
445:
432:Hristofor Žefarović's
359:
282:
236:
511:The House of Nemanja
471:, and the hieromonk
370:Leo III the Isaurian
1164:Rebels against the
947:Rebels against the
556:History of Bulgaria
428:Paisius of Hilendar
290:Battle of Anchialus
1280:Christian monarchs
1255:7th-century births
1105:Theodore Svetoslav
801:Bulgarian monarchs
719:(primary source),
625:on 17 August 2011.
594:1 May 2009 at the
521:
493:History of Paisius
473:Spiridon Gabrovski
461:
366:
292:(near present-day
285:
272:, a region called
242:
1237:
1236:
1207:(1908–1946)
1058:Constantine I Tih
999:(1185–1422)
986:Constantine Bodin
768:
767:
759:Succeeded by
481:Zographic History
465:Zographic History
459:of St. Trivelius
386:walls of the city
172:sources, was the
143:
142:
16:(Redirected from
1307:
1182:Ivan Shishman II
1115:Michael Asen III
1110:George Terter II
811:(680–1018)
794:
787:
780:
771:
770:
752:Khan of Bulgaria
742:Preceded by
739:
738:
679:
678:
672:
663:
650:
644:
638:
633:
627:
626:
624:
618:. Archived from
613:
604:
598:
586:
580:
577:
203:in 717–718. The
155:
104:Bulgarian Empire
92:Bulgarian Empire
48:Khan of Bulgaria
39:
38:
36:Khan of Bulgaria
21:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1240:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1203:
1194:
1159:
1130:Michael Asen IV
1085:George Terter I
1070:Michael Asen II
1064:Jacob Svetoslav
1041:Kaliman Asen II
991:
942:
803:
798:
764:
755:
747:
730:
688:
683:
682:
670:
664:
653:
645:
641:
634:
630:
622:
611:
605:
601:
596:Wayback Machine
587:
583:
578:
574:
569:
552:
544:
441:Stefan Dragutin
418:
368:On 25 May 717,
354:
348:
231:
221:
102:
90:
37:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1313:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1210:
1208:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1185:
1178:
1170:
1168:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1157:
1155:Constantine II
1152:
1147:
1142:
1140:Ivan Sratsimir
1137:
1132:
1127:
1125:Ivan Alexander
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1060:
1055:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1036:Michael Asen I
1033:
1031:Kaliman Asen I
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1002:
1000:
993:
992:
990:
989:
982:
975:
968:
961:
953:
951:
944:
943:
941:
940:
938:Ivan Vladislav
935:
933:Gavril Radomir
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
814:
812:
805:
804:
797:
796:
789:
782:
774:
766:
765:
760:
757:
756:695–715
748:
743:
737:
736:
729:
728:External links
726:
725:
724:
717:
710:
707:Džagfar Tarihy
703:
696:
691:Mosko Moskov,
687:
684:
681:
680:
651:
639:
628:
599:
581:
571:
570:
568:
565:
564:
563:
558:
551:
548:
543:
540:
526:Stemmatografia
516:Stemmatografia
501:Stematographia
497:Stematographia
436:Stemmatografia
417:
414:
390:Byzantine navy
376:, crossed the
347:
344:
325:Theodosius III
250:Constantinople
220:
217:
156:) also called
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
125:
119:
118:
113:
107:
106:
99:
95:
94:
87:
83:
82:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
63:
59:
58:
55:
51:
50:
44:
43:
35:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1312:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1201:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1162:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1145:Ivan Shishman
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1080:Ivan Asen III
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1001:
998:
997:Second Empire
994:
988:
987:
983:
981:
980:
976:
974:
973:
969:
967:
966:
962:
960:
959:
955:
954:
952:
950:
945:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
815:
813:
810:
806:
802:
795:
790:
788:
783:
781:
776:
775:
772:
763:
754:
753:
746:
740:
735:
732:
731:
722:
718:
715:
714:Short History
711:
708:
704:
702:, Sofia 1999.
701:
697:
695:, Sofia 1988.
694:
690:
689:
676:
669:
662:
660:
658:
656:
649:
643:
637:
632:
621:
617:
616:gtbyzance.com
610:
603:
597:
593:
590:
585:
576:
572:
562:
559:
557:
554:
553:
547:
539:
535:
532:
531:Maria Theresa
528:
527:
518:
517:
512:
508:
504:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
458:
454:
449:
444:
442:
438:
437:
433:
429:
425:
424:
413:
411:
406:
405:Anastasios II
401:
399:
395:
391:
387:
381:
379:
375:
371:
363:
358:
353:
343:
341:
336:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
317:Anastasius II
314:
310:
305:
303:
299:
295:
291:
281:
277:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
239:
235:
230:
226:
216:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
151:
147:
139:
136:
132:
129:
126:
124:
120:
117:
114:
112:
108:
105:
100:
96:
93:
88:
84:
80:
77:
74:
70:
67:
64:
60:
56:
52:
49:
45:
40:
34:
30:
19:
1200:Principality
1189:Rostislav II
1187:
1180:
1173:
1135:Ivan Asen IV
1120:Ivan Stephen
1062:
1050:
1026:Ivan Asen II
984:
977:
970:
965:Petar Delyan
963:
956:
822:
809:First Empire
750:
720:
713:
706:
699:
692:
674:
642:
631:
620:the original
615:
602:
584:
575:
545:
536:
524:
522:
514:
510:
500:
496:
492:
484:
480:
476:
464:
462:
446:
434:
422:
419:
402:
382:
367:
362:Madara Rider
340:Madara Rider
337:
328:
308:
306:
286:
261:
258:Tiberius III
246:Justinian II
243:
237:
229:Madara Rider
186:Justinian II
165:
161:
157:
145:
144:
33:
1219:Ferdinand I
1214:Alexander I
1150:Ivan Asen V
1052:Rostislav I
1011:Ivan Asen I
378:Dardanelles
302:Philippicus
180:during the
146:Khan Tervel
62:Predecessor
1270:721 deaths
1244:Categories
1046:Mitso Asen
958:Presian II
949:Byzantines
677:: 117–129.
567:References
448:Theoctist.
350:See also:
321:new treaty
298:Asia Minor
223:See also:
188:named him
1300:Dulo clan
1229:Simeon II
1224:Boris III
893:Presian I
833:Kormisosh
329:Kormesios
209:Dulo clan
170:Byzantine
150:Bulgarian
72:Successor
1166:Ottomans
1006:Peter II
918:Boris II
908:Simeon I
903:Vladimir
762:Kormesiy
745:Asparukh
648:България
592:Archived
550:See also
489:Athonian
477:Istoriya
475:in his "
426:(1762),
394:Bithynia
333:Kormesiy
254:Leontius
213:Asparukh
178:Bulgaria
168:in some
166:Terbelis
138:Asparukh
76:Kormesiy
66:Asparukh
1205:Kingdom
1175:Fruzhin
1095:Ivan II
1090:Smilets
1016:Kaloyan
979:Alusian
972:Tihomir
913:Peter I
898:Boris I
888:Malamir
883:Omurtag
868:Telerig
818:Asparuh
686:Sources
561:Bulgars
483:" and "
420:In his
309:Imennik
294:Pomorie
116:Telerig
57:700–721
1075:Ivaylo
928:Samuel
873:Kardam
843:Telets
823:Tervel
542:Legacy
410:Pliska
274:Zagora
270:Thrace
266:caesar
262:kaisar
197:Kubrat
190:caesar
162:Terval
158:Tarvel
154:Тервел
134:Father
42:Tervel
18:Tervel
1100:Chaka
1021:Boril
923:Roman
863:Pagan
858:Toktu
848:Sabin
838:Vineh
828:Sevar
671:(PDF)
623:(PDF)
612:(PDF)
469:Ohrid
164:, or
160:, or
123:House
111:Issue
54:Reign
878:Krum
853:Umor
457:Icon
360:The
256:and
227:and
194:Khan
174:khan
128:Dulo
98:Died
86:Born
176:of
101:721
89:675
1246::
673:.
654:^
614:.
412:.
215:.
152::
793:e
786:t
779:v
463:"
364:.
264:(
148:(
31:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
