Kural - Knowledge

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proverbial one. In their isolated form, that is, when removed from the context of the 10-couplet chapter, the couplets lose their structural meaning but retain the "wise saying, moral maxim" sense. In isolation, a couplet is "a perfect form, possessing, in varying degree, the prosodic and rhetoric qualities of gnomic poetry." Within the chapter-structure, the couplets acquire their structural meaning and reveal the more complete teaching of the author. This, Zvelebil states, is the higher pattern in the Kural text, and finally, in relation to the entire work, they acquire perfection in the totality of their structure. In terms of structural flow, the text journeys the reader from "the imperfect, incomplete" state of man implicit in the early chapters to the "physically, morally, intellectually and emotionally perfect" state of man living as a husband and citizen, states Zvelebil. In poetic terms, it fuses verse and aphoristic form in diction in a "pithy, vigorous, forceful and terse" manner. Zvelebil calls it an ethics text that expounds a universal, moral and practical approach to life. According to Mahadevan, Valluvar is more considerate about the substance than the linguistic appeal of his writing throughout the work.

4630: 3811:, who is the last of the ten medieval commentators and who lived about or before 1272 CE. Along with the Kural text, this commentary has been widely published and is in itself a Tamil classic. Parimelalhagar's commentary has survived over the centuries in many folk and scholarly versions. A more scholarly version of this commentary was published by Krisnamachariyar in 1965. According to Norman Cutler, Parimelalhagar's commentary interprets and maneuvers the Kural text within his own context, grounded in the concepts and theological premises of Hinduism. His commentary closely follows the Kural's teachings, while reflecting both the cultural values and textual values of the 13th- and 14th-century Tamil Nadu. Valluvar's text can be interpreted and maneuvered in other ways, states Cutler. 3912: 4922: 3780:, all of whom lived between the 10th and the 13th centuries CE. Of these, only the works of Manakkudavar, Paridhi, Kaalingar, Pari Perumal, and Parimelalhagar are available today. The works of Dharumar, Dhaamatthar, and Nacchar are only partially available. The commentaries by Thirumalaiyar and Mallar are lost completely. The best known among these are the commentaries by Parimelalhagar, Kaalingar, and Manakkudavar. Among the ten medieval commentaries, scholars have found spelling, homophonic, and other minor textual variations in a total of 900 couplets, including 217 couplets in Book I, 487 couplets in Book II, and 196 couplets in Book III. 3636: 3590:). Valluvar also recommends forts and other infrastructure, supplies and food storage in preparation for siege. A king and his army must always be ready for war, and should launch a violent offensive, at the right place and right time, when the situation so demands and particularly against morally weak and corrupt kingdoms. A good and strong kingdom must be protected with forts made of thick, high and impenetrable walls. The text recommends a hierarchical military organization staffed with fearless soldiers who are willing to die in war, drawing from the Hindu concepts of non-mystic realism and readiness for war. 4621: 1102: 17556: 3294: 3627:

worshiping; he refers to God as an "ultimate reality" without calling him by any name; he talks about land, village, country, kingdom, and king but never refers them by any name; though he mentions about the value of reading and reciting scriptures, he never names them; he talks about the values of charity without laying down the rules for it; though he repeatedly emphasizes about the importance of learning, he never says what is to be learnt; he recommends taxation in governance but does not suggest any proportion of collection.

4340: 5256: 16708: 5115: 4854: 17458: 4100: 1626:, according to J. Arunadevi. On the same lines, Amaladass concludes that the Kural expresses that dharma and artha should not be separated from one another. According to Indian philosophical tradition, one must remain unattached to wealth and possessions, which can either be transcended or sought with detachment and awareness, and pleasure needs to be fulfilled consciously and without harming anyone. The Indian tradition also holds that there exists an inherent tension between 4175: 5523: 3711: 22509: 18442: 17434: 3410:

three books of the Kural text as in Chapter 1 in the Book of Aram, Chapter 78 in the Book of Porul, and Chapter 117 in the Book of Inbam, where the words used in title of the chapters are not found anywhere in the chapter's couplets. Here again, the titles of all the chapters of the Kural text are given by Valluvar himself. According to S. N. Kandasamy, the naming of the first chapter of the Kural text is in accord with the conventions used in the

5032: 17470: 17396: 5348: 17446: 18454: 5041: 5773: 4735:"I wanted to learn Tamil, only to enable me to study Valluvar's Thirukkural through his mother tongue itself ... Only a few of us know the name of Thiruvalluvar. The North Indians do not know the name of the great saint. There is no one who has given such treasure of wisdom like him." ... "It is a text-book of indispensable authority on moral life. The maxims of Valluvar have touched my soul." 237: 4601:, for which Valluvar devoted an entire division in his work. Child-rearing is central to the Confucian thought of procreation of humanity and the benevolence of society. The Lun Yu says, "Therefore an enlightened ruler will regulate his people's livelihood so as to ensure that, above they have enough to serve their parents and below they have enough to support their wives and children." 17422: 8123: 1098:, also of unclear date. However, the Tiruvalluva Maalai does not mention anything about Valluvar's birth, family, caste or background. No other authentic pre-colonial texts have been found to support any legends about the life of Valluvar. Starting around early 19th century, numerous inconsistent legends on Valluvar in various Indian languages and English were published. 3562:, Valluvar maintains his views on personal morality even in the Book of Love, where one can normally expect greater poetic leniency, by describing the hero as "a one-woman man" without concubines. In a social and political context, the Kural text glorifies valour and victory during war and recommends a death sentence for the wicked only as a means of justice. 4120:, known for its eminent suitability to gnomic poetry. This form, which Zvelebil calls "a marvel of brevity and condensation," is closely connected with the structural properties of the Tamil language and has historically presented extreme difficulties to its translators. Talking about translating the Kural into other languages, 1184:. Albert Schweitzer hints that "the dating of the Kural has suffered, along with so many other literary and historical dates, philosophies and mythologies of India, a severe mauling at the hands of the Christian Missionaries, anxious to post-date all irrefutable examples of religious maturity to the Christian era." 705:

greatness of army and soldier's honor, death sentence for the wicked, agriculture, education, and abstinence from alcohol and intoxicants. It also includes chapters on friendship, love, sexual unions, and domestic life. The text effectively denounced previously held misbeliefs that were common during the

17399: 3785:"Valluvar is a cunning technician, who, by prodigious self-restraint and artistic vigilance, super-charges his words with meaning and achieves an incredible terseness and an irreducible density. His commentators have, therefore, to squeeze every word and persuade it to yield its last drop of meaning." 8305:), for instance, can be numbered either as 1033 or, less commonly, as 104:3. Since the medieval commentators have variously changed the chapter ordering within the books of the Kural text and couplet ordering within the chapters, the present numbering of the chapters and couplets is not the author's. 4261:

appeared in 1833, 1838, 1840, and 1842. Soon many commentaries followed, including those by Mahalinga Iyer, who published only the first 24 chapters. The Kural has been continuously in print ever since. By 1925, the Kural literature had already appeared in more than 65 editions and by the turn of the

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Besides the ten medieval commentaries, there are at least three more commentaries written by unknown medieval authors. One of them was published under the title "Palhaiya Urai" (meaning ancient commentary), while the second one was based on Paridhiyar's commentary. The third one was published in 1991

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in 1949. These were attended by several scholars, celebrities and politicians. The Kural's couplets and thoughts are also widely employed in visual arts, music, dance, street shows, recitals, activities, and puzzles and riddles. The couplets are frequently quoted by various political leaders even in

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compared with these older texts. According to Zvelebil, besides being part of the ancient Tamil literary tradition, the author was also a part of the "one great Indian ethical, didactic tradition" as a few of the verses in the Kural text are "undoubtedly" translations of the verses of earlier Indian

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The Kural text does not recommend democracy; rather it accepts a royalty with ministers bound to a code of ethics and a system of justice. The king in the text, states K. V. Nagarajan, is assigned the "role of producing, acquiring, conserving, and dispensing wealth". The king's duty is to provide a

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in every action in life, supplementing it with a chapter on predestination. Valluvar extols rain next only to God for it provides food and serves as the basis of a stable economic life by aiding in agriculture, which the author asserts as the most important economic activity later in Book II of the

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puts it, "Valluvar speaks to the duties of the commoner acting in different capacities as son, father, husband, friend, citizen, and so forth." According to A. Gopalakrishnan, ascetic virtues in the Kural does not mean renunciation of household life or pursuing of the conventional ascetic life, but

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s made of 12,000 Tamil words, of which about 50 words are from Sanskrit and the remaining are Tamil original words. A manual count has shown that there are in total 42,194 letters in the entire work, with the shortest ones (kurals 833 and 1304) containing 23 letters and the longest ones (kurals 957

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Notwithstanding these debates, Valluvar is praised by scholars for his innate nature to select the virtues found in all the known works and present them in a manner that is considered common and acceptable to everyone. The author is remembered and cherished for his universal secular values, and his

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derived his name from "valluvan" (a Paraiyar caste of royal drummers) and theorized that he was "the chief of the proclaiming boys analogous to a trumpet-major of an army". The traditional biographies not only are inconsistent, but also contain incredulous claims about the author of the Kural text.

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scholar of Tamil literature, these early dates such as 300 BCE to 1 BCE are unacceptable and not supported by evidence within the text. The diction and grammar of the Kural, and Valluvar's indebtedness to some earlier Sanskrit sources, suggest that he lived after the "early Tamil bardic poets," but

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noted that Valluvar dealt with virtues in terms of good rather than in terms of caste-based duties and when he discussed politics he addressed simply a man rather than a king. The text is a comprehensive pragmatic work that presents philosophy in the first part, political science in the second and

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Of the 1,330 couplets in the text, 40 couplets relate to god, rain, ascetics, and virtue; 340 on fundamental everyday virtues of an individual; 250 on royalty; 100 on ministers of state; 220 on essential requirements of administration; 130 on social morality, both positive and negative; and 250 on

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as virtues for an individual. In addition, it highlights virtues such as truthfulness, self-restraint, gratitude, hospitality, kindness, goodness of spouse, duty, giving, and so forth, besides covering a wide range of social and political topics such as king, ministers, taxes, justice, forts, war,

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as well, which discusses and synthesizes the three dominant trends in Hinduism, namely, enlightenment-based renunciation, dharma-based householder life, and devotion-based theism, and this synthetic answer of the Gita recommends that one must resist the "either–or" view, and consider a "both–and"

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The Kural remains one of the most influential Tamil texts admired by generations of scholars. The work has inspired Tamil culture and people from all walks of life, generating parallels in the literature of various languages within the Indian subcontinent. Its translations into European languages

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observes, "it is impossible in any translation to do justice to the beauty and force of the original." After translating a good portion of the Kural text, Karl Graul stated, "No translation can convey any idea of its charming effect. It is truly an apple of gold in a net-work of silver." Zvelebil

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subdivisions, the grouping of the couplets into chapters is the author's. Every topic that Valluvar handles in his work are presented in ten couplets forming a chapter, and the chapter is usually named using a keyword found in the couplets in it. Exceptions to this convention are found in all the

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reflects the Jain precepts. Certain epithets for God and ascetic values found in the text are found in Jainism, states Zvelebil. He theorizes that Valluvar was probably "a learned Jain with eclectic leanings", who was well acquainted with the earlier Tamil literature and also had knowledge of the

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Saint Valluvar). He is known by various other names including Poyyil Pulavar, Mudharpavalar, Deivappulavar, Nayanar, Devar, Nanmukanar, Mathanubangi, Sennabbodhakar, and Perunavalar. There is negligible authentic information available about Valluvar's life. For all practical purposes, neither his

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assigned the work to around or after the 6th century CE. His proposal is based on the evidence that the Kural text contains a large proportion of Sanskrit loan words, shows awareness and indebtedness to some Sanskrit texts best dated to the first half of the 1st millennium CE, and the grammatical

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as 'sea of this birth' which has been translated by others as 'the sea of many births'. Beschi means thus 'those who swim the vast sea of miseries'. The concept of rebirth or many births for the same soul is contrary to Christian principle and belief." In August 2022, the governor of Tamil Nadu,

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of Tamil Nadu since ancient times. These portraits appeared in various poses, with Valluvar's appearance varying from matted hair to fully shaven head. The portrait of Valluvar with matted hair and a flowing beard, as drawn by artist K. R. Venugopal Sharma in 1960, was accepted by the state and

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In regard to the virtues one should follow dearly even at the expense of other virtues, Valluvar points to veracity (kural 297), not coveting another's wife (kural 150), and not being called a slanderer (kural 181). In essence, however, in Chapter 33 he crowns non-killing as the foremost of all

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According to Zvelebil, the content of the Kural text is "undoubtedly patterned" and "very carefully structured." There are no structural gaps in the text, with every couplet indispensable for the structured whole. There are two distinct meanings for every couplet, namely, a structural one and a

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period and dates it to somewhere between 450 and 500 CE. His estimate is based on the language of the text, its allusions to the earlier works, and its borrowing from some Sanskrit treatises. Zvelebil notes that the text features several grammatical innovations that are absent in the older

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Such subdivisions are likely later additions, but the couplets themselves have been preserved in the original form and there is no evidence of later revisions or insertions into the couplets. Thus, in spite of these later subdivisions by the medieval commentators, both the domestic and ascetic

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and other sages. There are also accounts claiming that, during his return journey, Valluvar sat under a tree whose shadow sat still over him and did not move the entire day, he killed a demon, and many more. Scholars consider these and all associated aspects of these hagiographic stories to be

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praised Valluvar as the one who pierced an atom and injected seven seas into it and then compressed it and presented it in the form of his work, emphasizing on the work's succinctness. The Kural remains the only work that has been honored with an exclusive work of compiled paeans known as the

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Besides these inherent difficulties in translating the Kural, some scholars have attempted to either read their own ideas into the Kural couplets or deliberately misinterpret the message to make it conform to their preconceived notions. The translations by the Christian missionaries since the

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origin and not Sanskrit loan words. Zvelebil states that an additional few have uncertain etymology and that future studies may prove those to be Dravidian. The 102 remaining loan words from Sanskrit are "not negligible", and some of the teachings in the Kural text, according to Zvelebil, are

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he used earlier while writing later chapters, purposely allowing for some repetitions and apparent contradictions in ideas one can find in the Kural text. Despite knowing its seemingly contradictory nature from a purist point of view, the author is said to employ this method to emphasise the

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Valluvar remained a generalist rather than a specialist in any particular field. He never indulged in specifics but always stressed on the basic principles of morality. This can be seen across the Kural text: while Valluvar talks about worshiping God, he refrains from mentioning the way of

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According to Norman Cutler, both in the past and in the contemporary era, the Kural has been reinterpreted and fit to reflect the textual values in the text as well as the cultural values of the author(s). About 1300 CE, the Tamil scholar Parimelalhagar interpreted the text in

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Various claims have been made regarding Valluvar's family background and occupation in the colonial era literature, all inferred from selective sections of his text or hagiographies published since the colonial era started in Tamil Nadu. One traditional version claims that he was a

1180:, imbibed Christian ideas and peculiarities of Alexandrian teachers and then wrote the "wonderful Kurral" with an "echo of the 'Sermon of the Mount'." This theory, however, is ahistorical and discredited. According to Zvelebil, the ethics and ideas in Valluvar's work are not 1028:

In the 19th century and the early 20th century, European writers and missionaries variously dated the text and its author to between 400 and 1000 CE. According to Blackburn, the "current scholarly consensus" dates the text and the author to approximately 500 CE.

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bear couplet 251 from the "Shunning meat" chapter of the Kural text, indicating that the people of the Kongu Nadu region practiced ahimsa and non-killing as chief virtues. Other inscriptions include the 1617 CE Poondurai Nattar scroll in Kongu Nadu, the 1798 CE

4018:, a native missionary, providing the first complete translation in English made by two translators. Like Beschi, Drew did not translate the third book on love. The first complete English translation of the Kural by a single author was the one by the Christian missionary 3618:. The Kural cautions against tyranny, appeasement and oppression, with the suggestion that such royal behavior causes natural disasters, depletes the state's wealth and ultimately results in the loss of power and prosperity. In the sphere of business, a study employing 5438:

of the Kural text in school syllabus for classes VI through XII from the academic year 2017–2018 "to build a nation with moral values." The court further observed, "No other philosophical or religious work has such moral and intellectual approach to problems of life."

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Ahimsa is the ruling principle of Indian life from the very earliest times. ... This positive spiritual attitude is easily explained to the common man in a negative way as "ahimsa" and hence this way of denoting it. Tiruvalluvar speaks of this as "kollaamai" or

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in Hinduism states that the dharmic householder can achieve the same goals as the renouncing monk through "inner renunciation", that is "motiveless action." Cf. Kural 629: "He who never exulted in joy will not be depressed by sorrow." This is recommended by the

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taught the Kural's message by conducting regular Kural classes to the masses. In 1968, the Tamil Nadu government made it mandatory to display a Kural couplet in all government buses. The train running a distance of 2,921 kilometers between Kanyakumari and

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commentaries to the Kural, including Somesar Mudumoli Venba, Murugesar Muduneri Venba, Sivasiva Venba, Irangesa Venba, Vadamalai Venba, Dhinakara Venba, and Jinendra Venba, all of which are considered commentaries in verse form. The 16th-century commentary by

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The ethical connections between these verses are widely elucidated ever since the medieval commentaries. For example, Parimelalhagar elucidates the ethical connections between couplets 380 and 620, 481 and 1028, 373 and 396, and 383 and 672 in his commentary.

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texts condemns only the taking away of human life, the Kural is cited for unequivocally and exclusively condemning the "literal taking away of life," regardless of whether it is human or animal. The greatest of personal virtues according to the Kural text is

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Valluvar's writings, according to scholars, also suggest that he might have belonged to Hinduism. Hindu teachers have mapped his teachings in the Kural literature to the teachings found in Hindu texts. The three parts that the Kural is divided into, namely,

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The Kural text is a part of the ancient Tamil literary tradition, yet it is also a part of the "one great Indian ethical, didactic tradition", as a few of his verses are "undoubtedly" translations of the verses in Sanskrit classics. The themes and ideas in

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called it chef d'oeuvre of both Indian and world literature "due not only to the great artistic merits of the work but also to the lofty humane ideas permeating it which are equally precious to the people all over the world, of all periods and countries."

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observes that, in stark contrast to the Bible's concept of killing, which refers only to the taking away of human life, the Kural's concept of killing "deals exclusively with the literal taking away of life" and thus applies to both humans and animals.

3430:, focused on "man in the totality of his relationships". Despite being a classic, the work has little scope for any poetic excellence. According to Zvelebil, the text does not feature "true and great poetry" throughout the work, except, notably, in the 3281:

The Kural text is the work of a single author because it has a consistent "language, formal structure and content-structure", states Zvelebil. Neither is the Kural an anthology nor is there any later additions to the text. The division into three parts

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The Kural text begins with an invocation of God and then praises the rain for being the vitalizer of all life forms on earth. It proceeds to describe the qualities of a righteous person, before concluding the introduction by emphasizing the value of

3434:, which deals with love and pleasure. This emphasis on substance rather than poetry, according to scholars, suggests that Valluvar's main aim was not to produce a work of art, but rather an instructive text focused on wisdom, justice, and ethics. 3958:

and was published in 1730. However, he translated only the first two books, viz., virtue and wealth, leaving out the book on love because its erotic and sexual nature was deemed by him to be inappropriate for a Christian missionary. The first

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According to K. Mohanraj, as of 2013, there were at least 497 Tamil language commentaries written by 382 scholars beginning with Manakkudavar from the Medieval era. Of these at least 277 scholars have written commentaries for the entire work.

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The couplets are generally numbered in a linear fashion across the three books, covering all the 1,330 couplets. They can also be denoted by their chapter number and couplet number within the chapter. Thus, the third couplet in Chapter 104

4257:, which he found between 1825 and 1831 in a pile of leaves used for cooking. The books were finally printed in 1831 by Ellis with the help of his manager Muthusamy Pillai and Tamil scholar Tandavaraya Mudaliar. Subsequent editions of the 1140:

fiction and ahistorical, a feature common to "international and Indian folklore". The alleged low birth, high birth and being a pariah in the traditional accounts are also doubtful. Traditionally, Valluvar is believed to have married to

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The Kural does not appear to have been set in music by Valluvar. However, a number of musicians have set it to tune and several singers have rendered it in their concerts. Modern composers who have tuned the Kural couplets include

3537:. According to Schweitzer, the Kural "stands for the commandment not to kill and not to damage." Accordingly, Valluvar dictates the householder to renounce the eating of meat "in order that he may become a man of grace." While the 689:

The Kural text is among the earliest systems of Indian epistemology and metaphysics. The work is traditionally praised with epithets and alternative titles, including "the Tamil Veda" and "the Divine Book." Written on the ideas of

1220:, also known as Elachariyar in the Tamil region, the chief of the Southern Pataliputra Dravidian Sanghaat, who lived around the latter half of the first century BCE and the former half of the first century CE. Nevertheless, early 8258:

Nallaswamy Pillai declares Pope's claim as "an absurd literary anachronism" and says that the first two books of the Kural in particular are "a stumbling block which can browbeat the most sublime ideas of Christian morality."

5422:. However, only select 275 couplets had been taught to the schoolchildren from Standards III through XII. Attempts to include the Kural literature as a compulsory subject in schools were ineffective in the decades following 3733:, on it. Some of the Tamil literature that was composed after the Kural quote or borrow its couplets in their own texts. According to Aravindan, these texts may be considered as the earliest commentaries to the Kural text. 1151:

In a manner similar to speculations of the author's biography, there has been much speculation about his religion with no historical evidence. In determining Valluvar's religion, the crucial test to be applied according to

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remains the central theme in Confucian tradition. Incidentally, Valluvar differed from Confucius in two respects. Firstly, unlike Confucius, Valluvar was also a poet. Secondly, Confucius did not deal with the subject of

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to explain his actions during the drought. When he was in charge of the Madras treasury and mint, he also issued a gold coin bearing Valluvar's image. The Tamil inscription on his grave makes note of his commentary of

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concludes that the Kural advocates a consciousness and spirit-centered approach to the subject of business ethics on the basis of eternal values and moral principles that should govern the conduct of business leaders.

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It is a work based on the doctrine of Ahimsa; and throughout, you have the praising of this Ahmisa dharma and the criticism of views opposed to this. (From A. Chakravarthy, Tirukkural, Madras: The Diocesan Press,

4730:. Mahatma Gandhi called it "a textbook of indispensable authority on moral life" and went on to say, "The maxims of Valluvar have touched my soul. There is none who has given such a treasure of wisdom like him." 3565:

According to Kaushik Roy, the Kural text in substance is a classic on realism and pragmatism, and it is not a mystic, purely philosophical document. Valluvar presents his theory of state using six elements: army

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The text was likely translated into Indian languages by Indian scholars over the centuries, but the palm leaf manuscripts of such translations have been rare. For example, S. R. Ranganathan, a librarian of

768:. Its author is venerated for his selection of virtues found in the known literature and presenting them in a manner that is considered common and acceptable to all. The Tamil people and the government of 46: 1306:

beliefs of the author. P. R. Natarajan lists at least 24 different usage of Hindu origin in 29 different couplets across the Kural text. According to Purnalingam Pillai, who is known for his critique of

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The Kural text has historically received highly esteemed reception from virtually every section of the society. Many post-Sangam and medieval poets have sung in praise of the Kural text and its author.

760:. The work remains the most translated, the most cited, and the most citable of Tamil literary works. The text has been translated into at least 57 Indian and non-Indian languages, making it one of the 8384:

in the introduction to his work, while "all other sins may be redeemed, but never ingratitude," Valluvar couldn't understand "how anyone could wish to fatten himself by feeding on the fat of others."

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s, as found in some surviving manuscripts and commentaries, are likely later additions because there are variations between these subtitles found in manuscripts and those in historical commentaries.

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all cite the Kural by various names, bestowing numerous titles to the work that was originally untitled by its author. Kural couplets and thoughts are cited in 32 instances in the Purananuru, 35 in

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s author, Valluvar. The locals believe that this is where Valluvar was born, underneath a tree within the shrine's complex. A Valluvar statue in yoga position holding a palm leaf manuscript of the

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Jesuit, Catholic and Protestant missionaries in colonial-era South India have highly praised the text, many of whom went on to translate the text into European languages. The Protestant missionary

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Dedicated commentaries on the Kural text began to appear about and after the 10th century CE. There were at least ten medieval commentaries of which only six have survived into the modern era. The

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The translations of the Kural in Southeast Asian and East Asian languages were published in the 20th century. A few of these relied on re-translating the earlier English translations of the work.

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only refers to giving up immoderate desires and having self-control that is expected of every individual. According to Joanne Punzo Waghorne, professor of religion and South Asian studies at the

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claims that it is impossible to truly appreciate the maxims found in the Kural couplets through a translation but rather that the Kural has to be read and understood in its original Tamil form.

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Karin Preisendanz (2005). "The Production of Philosophical Literature in South Asia during the Pre-Colonial Period (15th to 18th Centuries): The Case of the Nyāyasūtra Commentarial Tradition".

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While in Chapter 7 he asserts that the greatest gain men can obtain is by their learned children (kural 61), in Chapter 13 he says that it is that which is obtained by self-control (kural 122).

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principles. The Kural text is aphoristic and non-denominational in nature and can be selectively interpreted in many ways. This has led almost every major religious group in India, including

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in the Indian tradition – refers to explanations and interpretations of aphoristic texts. These are written by various scholars to develop, comment on and expound the terse ideas such as a

3558:. According to J. M. Nallaswamy Pillai, the Kural differs from every other work on morality in that it follows ethics, surprisingly a divine one, even in its Book of Love. In the words of 8284:(the glory of virtue section), but the army's duty is to kill in battle and the king has to execute a number of criminals in the process of justice. In these cases, the violations of the 15988: 4154:

Christian missionary G. U. Pope for "translating with the colonial objective to 'trivialise' the spiritual wisdom of India," resulting in a "de-spiritualised version" of the Kural text.

4776:, who translated and published the third part of the Kural to French in 1848, called it "a masterpiece of Tamil literature, one of the highest and purest expressions of human thought." 16688: 1562:) has been omitted from being dealt with as the fourth book since it does not lend itself to didactic treatment, but is implicit in the last five chapters of Book I. The components of 16071: 764:. Ever since it came to print for the first time in 1812, the Kural text has never been out of print. The Kural is considered a masterpiece and one of the most important texts of the 16275: 3673:

Whereas he says that one can eject what is natural or inborn in him (kural 376), he indicates that one can overcome the inherent natural flaws by getting rid of laziness (kural 609).

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in 1825, asked Tamil enthusiasts to "bring to him ancient Tamil manuscripts for publication," Kandappan, the butler of George Harrington, a European civil servant possibly in the

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of the contemporary era reinterpret and cast the work to further their own goals and socio-political values. This has produced highly divergent interpretations of the original.

16439: 16191: 13472: 4296:, who published a revised version later in 1853. This is the first time that the entire Kural text was published with commentaries. In 1917, Manakkudavar's commentary for the 716:

The Kural has influenced scholars and leaders across the ethical, social, political, economic, religious, philosophical, and spiritual spheres over its history. These include

5243:. This statue is currently India's 25th tallest. A life-size statue of Valluvar is one among an array of statues installed by the Tamil Nadu government on the stretch of the 6913: 6901: 4764:

commented, "It is the gospel of love and a code of soul-luminous life. The whole of human aspiration is epitomized in this immortal book, a book for all ages." According to

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colonial era are often criticized for misinterpreting the text in order to conform it to Christian principles and beliefs. The Latin translation by the Christian missionary

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This translation was published in the bulletin of the Rama Varma Research Institute, Vol. VI, Pt. II; Vol. VIII, Pt., Vol. IX, Pt. I in 1938, 1940, and 1941, respectively.

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just rule, be impartial and have courage in protecting his subjects and in meting out justice and punishment. The text supports death penalty for the wicked in the book of

682:, also known in full as Thiruvalluvar. The text has been dated variously from 300 BCE to 5th century CE. The traditional accounts describe it as the last work of the third 16092: 16029: 4281:

activist. Navalar, states Zvelebil, was "probably the greatest and most influential among the forerunners" in studying numerous versions and bringing out an edited split-

4010:

translated the first two books of the Kural text in prose in 1840 and 1852, respectively. It contained the original Tamil text of the Kural, Parimelalhagar's commentary,

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and 1246) containing 39 letters each. Among the 133 chapters, the fifth chapter is the longest with 339 letters and the 124th chapter is the shortest with 280 letters.

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are justified in virtue of the special duties cast on the king and the justification is that 'a few wicked must be weeded out to save the general public' (TK 550)."

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inside the sanctum. The temple shikhara (spire) above the sanctum shows scenes of Hindu life and deities, along with Valluvar reading his couplets to his wife. The

4914:

are other people who have given musical rendering of the Kural. Mayuram Vishwanatha Shastri set all the verses to music in the early 20th century. In January 2016,

4882:. In 1967, the Tamil Nadu government passed an order stating that the image of Valluvar should be present in all government offices across the state of Tamil Nadu. 3663:

While in Chapter 93 Valluvar writes on the evils of intoxication, in Chapter 109 he uses the same to show the sweetness of love by saying love is sweeter than wine.

19390: 16254: 16113: 15967: 15843: 16523: 16565: 15946: 13866: 4874:

central governments as an official version. It soon became a popular and the most ubiquitous modern portrait of the poet. In 1964, the image was unveiled in the

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focused on the behaviors and moral conducts of a common person. Similar to Valluvar, Confucius advocated legal justice embracing human principles, courtesy, and

3329:

s, grouping the original chapters diversely under these divisions and thus changing the order of the chapters widely; while Parimelalhagar divided it into three

3899:(lit. Lucid commentary of the Kural), first published in 1949, remains the most published modern commentary, with more than 200 editions by the same publisher. 19718: 16729: 15925: 3659:

importance of the given code of ethic. Following are some of the instances where Valluvar is quoted as employing pseudo-contradictions to expound the virtues.

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was inspired by the Kural at a young age, who then spent his life promoting compassion and non-violence, emphasizing on non-killing and meatless way of life.

5403:

has used Kural ideas in as many as 600 instances. The work is commonly quoted in vegetarian conferences, both in India and abroad, and is frequently cited on

24912: 19422: 17018: 16586: 15671: 4133:, for instance, contains several such mistranslations. According to V. Ramasamy, "Beschi is purposely distorting the message of the original when he renders 16397: 15012:

Der Kural des Tiruvalluver. Ein gnomisches Gedicht über die drei Strebeziele des Menschen (Bibliotheca Tamulica sive Opera Praecipia Tamuliensium, Volume 3)

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was published for the first time in 1840 and became the most widely published commentary ever since. In 1850, the Kural was published with commentaries by

4028:

By the end of the 20th century, there were about 24 translations of the Kural in English alone, by both native and non-native scholars, including those by

1315:

believes Valluvar belonged to the Shaivite tradition of South India. According to Thomas Manninezhath – a theology scholar who grew up in South India, the

866:

is used as a literary term to indicate "a metrical line of 2 feet, or a distich or couplet of short lines, the first of 4 and the second of 3 feet." Thus,

4800:

region of the medieval Tamil land. Kural inscriptions and other historical records are found across Tamil Nadu. The 15th-century Jain inscriptions in the

4014:'s amplification of the commentary and Drew's English prose translation. However, Drew translated only 630 couplets, and the remaining were translated by 4753:

said, "No Tamil work can ever approach the purity of the Kural. It is a standing repute to modern Tamil." According to the American Christian missionary

16816: 16133: 1294:. For example, according to the text, an army has a duty to kill in battle, and a king must execute criminals for justice. Valluvar's mentioning of God 15801: 8151: 4497:

also does not give importance to castes or any dynasty of rulers and ministers. The text states that one should call anyone with virtue and kindness a

4443:, and these extensively quote and embed it verses written in meters ascribed to gods, goddesses, and revered Tamil scholars. Similarly, the love story 4162:

premises and terms. Just like Christian missionaries during the colonial era cast the work in their own Christian premises, phrases and concepts, some

4686:, have greatly celebrated the Kural text, many of which incorporated Kural's teachings in both their religious and non-religious works, including the 4221:. It was only in 1835 that Indians were permitted to establish printing press. The Kural was the first book to be published in Tamil, followed by the 18679: 16668: 16009: 4760:

The Kural has also been exalted by leaders of political, spiritual, social, ethical, religious and other domains of the society since ancient times.

16607: 16050: 15759: 14607:

Radha R. Sharma (2018). "A value-centric approach to eudaimonia (human flourishing) and sustainability.". In Kerul Kassel; Isabel Rimanoczy (eds.).

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The Kural has been the most frequently translated ancient Tamil text. By 1975, its translations in at least 20 major languages had been published:

761: 980:

innovations in the language of the Kural literature. Pillai published a list of 137 Sanskrit loan words in the Kural text. Later scholars such as

16460: 15780: 4998:

aficionados claimed that the sport is only to demonstrate the "Tamil love for the bull", the then Indian Minister of Women and Child Development

3333:

s, others divided it into four, with some 20th-century commentators going up to six. Book II has been variously subdivided between three and six

18391: 9625: 9623: 4213:

is traceable to 1812, credited to the efforts of Ñānapirakācar who used wooden blocks embossed from palm-leaf scripts to produce copies of the

1207:

mentions that the Tamil community debates whether Valluvar was a Jain or Hindu. According to Zvelebil, Valluvar's treatment of the chapters on

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in 1812. While Kindersley translated a selection of the Kural text, Ellis translated 120 couplets in all—69 of them in verse and 51 in prose.

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Polilan; K. Gunathogai; Lena Kumar; Tagadur Sampath; Mutthamizh; G. Picchai Vallinayagam; D. Anbunidhi; K. V. Neduncheraladhan, eds. (2019).

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Modern scholars and publishers chiefly follow Parimelalhagar's model for couplet numbering, chapter ordering, and grouping the chapters into

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indicates Ellis' regard for Valluvar. It is one of the 27 wells dug on the orders of Ellis in 1818, when Madras suffered a severe drinking

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opened its films with the very first couplet of the Kural sung in the background. Kural's phrases and ideas are found in numerous songs of

3666:

To the question "What is wealth of all wealth?" Valluvar points to two different things, namely, grace (kural 241) and hearing (kural 411).

1339:

The Kural is structured into 133 chapters, each containing 10 couplets (or kurals), for a total of 1,330 couplets. All the couplets are in

4670:

in the Tamil literary corpus, attributed to 55 different poets, including legendary ones. All major Indian religions and sects, including

3943:, discovered a Malayalam translation copied in year 777 of the Malayalam calendar, a manuscript that Zvelebil dates to late 16th century. 1081:

actual name nor the original title of his work can be determined with certainty. The Kural text itself does not name its author. The name

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when young Gandhi sought his guidance. Gandhi then took to studying the Kural in prison, which eventually culminated in his starting the

4186:

remained largely unknown outside India for over a millennium. As was the practice across the ancient Indian subcontinent, in addition to

1228:

Jaina texts do not mention Valluvar or the Kural text. The first claim of Valluvar as an authority appears in a 16th-century Jain text.

951:

The Kural has been dated variously from 300 BCE to 5th century CE. According to traditional accounts, it was the last work of the third

18689: 16502: 14341:

Sa. Parthasarathy, N. V. Ashraf Kunhunu, C. Rajendiran, Elangovan Thangavelu, Senthilselvan Duraisamy, & Ajey Kumar Selvan (2023).

6793: 4091:

As of 2024, the Kural has been translated into 57 languages, with a total of 350 individual translations, of which 143 are in English.

416: 223: 16153: 13685:

Adinarayanan, V.; Rekha, V. Smrithi; Sooryanarayan, D. G. (2016). "A Multidimensional View of Leadership from an Indian Perspective".

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The Kural has been widely acknowledged within and outside India for its universal, non-denominational values. The Russian philosopher

19686: 19510: 18151: 15905: 15392:

Christopher G. Framarin (2006). "The Desire You Are Required to Get Rid of: A Functionalist Analysis of Desire in the Bhagavadgītā".

5739: 4007: 23487: 16295: 19336: 18694: 18485: 16936: 5176:. The chief element of the monument includes a 39-metre-high (128 ft) chariot, a replica of the chariot in the temple town of 5130: 4324: 3700: 25158: 22310: 19923: 16628: 3490:, the idea that good must be done for its own sake comes from various couplets across the Kural text. In his 1999 work, Japanese 516: 404: 16749: 3963:

translation was brought about by an unknown author by about 1767 that went unnoticed. The first available French version was by

24423: 21094: 19361: 8144: 7187: 16911: 13944: 25647: 23752: 19478: 19138: 16357: 16212: 14122: 4833:, Karaiyur copper inscription in Kongu Nadu, Palaiyakottai records, and the 1818 Periya Palayathamman temple inscriptions by 4772:

stated, "Thirukkural is gnomic poetry, the greatest in planned conception and force of execution ever written in this kind."

16316: 15548:"Ethics (business ethics) from the Thirukkural and its relevance for contemporary business leadership in the Indian context" 15514: 14206: 9604: 3911: 1172:, for example, claimed that Valluvar must have lived in the 9th century CE, come in contact with Christian teachers such as 20676: 20361: 18128: 17545: 17502: 14569: 4085: 3694: 781: 540: 442: 4194:

from parents to their children and from preceptors to their students for generations within the Tamil-speaking regions of

411: 22326: 20711: 19219: 19061: 18478: 18166: 17910: 17222:

Udaiyar Koil Guna. (n.d.). திருக்குறள் ஒரு தேசிய நூல் (Pub. No. 772). Chennai: International Institute of Tamil Studies.

13903: 13480: 5146: 5142: 4750: 4015: 3930:

Non-Indian languages: Burmese, Malay, Chinese, Fijian, Latin, French, German, Russian, Polish, Swedish, Thai, and English

3837: 3601: 4722:, "there hardly exists in the literature of the world a collection of maxims in which we find so much of lofty wisdom." 1012:

In his treatise of Tamil literary history published in 1974, Zvelebil states that the Kural text does not belong to the

686:, but linguistic analysis suggests a later date of 450 to 500 CE and that it was composed after the Sangam period. 25906: 25866: 25514: 24009: 19414: 17336: 17300: 17258: 16975: 15864: 15162: 15143: 15120: 15071: 15052: 14988: 14957: 14918: 14897: 14861: 14812: 14763: 14744: 14707: 14688: 14667: 14646: 14616: 14579: 14481: 14462: 14331: 14276: 14246: 14195: 14158: 14080: 14061: 14031: 14001: 13954: 13876: 13846: 13836: 13805: 13786: 13702: 13675: 13645: 6918: 6906: 17: 5053:

in Chennai (left) is modeled as a Hindu temple ceremonial chariot, with Valluvar sitting inside. It is connected to a

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The Kural is believed to have inspired many, including Mahatma Gandhi, to pursue the path of ahimsa or non-violence.

1156:

is to analyze what religious philosophy he has not condemned, adding that Valluvar has "not said a word against" the

250: 17127: 4455:– a Buddhist-princess and later nun based love story epic, likely written about the 6th century CE, also quotes the 24982: 24902: 24882: 21338: 21109: 20526: 19229: 19096: 18039: 17244: 17195:

Stuart Blackburn, "The Legend of Valluvar and Tamil Literary History," Modern Asian Studies 34, 2 (May, 2000): 459.

17180:

Aravamudhan, N. R., and Avinash Chandra Supkar. (2022). "Thirukkural—A Veritable Treatise on Leadership Nostrums."

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The Kural strictly insists on moral vegetarianism, the doctrine that humans are morally obligated to refrain from

5180:, and it contains a life-size statue of Valluvar. Around the chariot's perimeter are marble plates inscribed with 4592:

as foundations of life. While ahimsa or non-violence remains the fundamental virtue of the Valluvarean tradition,

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teaches that the ministers and people who work in public office should lead an ethical and moral life. Unlike the

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A Plea for the Animals: The Moral, Philosophical, and Evolutionary Imperative to Treat All Beings with Compassion

7141: 5154: 3595:"The sceptre of the king is the firm support of the Vedas of the Brahmin, and of all virtues therein described." 1453: 22593: 14383: 5184:

couplets. All the 1,330 verses of the Kural text are inscribed on bas-relief in the corridors in the main hall.

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said that the Kural contains all things and there is nothing which it does not contain. The Anglican missionary

492: 25891: 25661: 25564: 25549: 22885: 22294: 21241: 20776: 19321: 19306: 19249: 18376: 17271:

M. S. Purnalingam Pillai. (n.d.). Critical Studies in Kural. Chennai: International Institute of Tamil Studies.

17189: 15092: 14833: 14784: 14502: 14414: 14393: 6786: 5150: 3301:. The plaque describes the Kural's teachings on ahimsa and non-killing, summing them up with the definition of 1135:

Along with various versions of his birth circumstances, many state he went to a mountain and met the legendary

368: 15182: 14051: 3526:, the Kural literature strongly condemns these as crimes, reportedly for the first time in the history of the 468: 25668: 24872: 24383: 23587: 22111: 21528: 21256: 21180: 21013: 20416: 19851: 19763: 19542: 19406: 19173: 18047: 16276:"Justifying jallikattu by citing Thirukkural is self-defeating: The Tamil text didn't condone animal cruelty" 12787: 12785: 7024: 6896: 5732: 5485: 3313:

sub-divisions, grouping the Kural chapters diversely under them. The idea of subdividing the Tirukkural into

475: 15706: 15209:

A. K. Ananthanathan (1994). "Theory and Functions of the State The Concept of aṟam (virtue) in Tirukkural".

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A Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Etymologically and Philologically Arranged to cognate Indo-European Languages

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tree under which Valluvar is believed to have been born. The temple was extensively renovated in the 1970s.

5067:

The Kural text and its author have been highly venerated over the centuries. In the early 16th century, the

3843:

Several modern commentaries started appearing in the 19th and 20th centuries. Of these, the commentaries by

25916: 24942: 24811: 23687: 23286: 22358: 22318: 22231: 19590: 19101: 18810: 18684: 17078:

Periyannan, G. (5 September 2013). "Tirukkural V. Munusamy". Chennai: All India Tamil Writers' Association.

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starting from the early 18th century made the work known globally. Authors influenced by the Kural include

1122:

because he extols agriculture in his work. Another states he was an outcaste, born to a Pariah woman and a

12782: 12597: 12595: 10935: 10933: 4352:– sometimes with close similarities and sometimes with significant differences – are also found in Manu's 4308:. As of 2013, Perimelalhagar's commentary appeared in more than 200 editions by as many as 30 publishers. 3498:

poetics in the third. Of the three books of the Kural literature, the second one on politics and kingdom (

399: 25241: 25151: 24244: 21990: 21225: 20270: 19630: 18748: 18603: 18457: 15989:"Budget 2020: What is Thirukkural and who was Thiruvalluvar that Nirmala Sitharaman cited in her speech?" 13057: 12480: 10333: 8202:, which remains the moral foundation of vegetarianism and veganism, is described in the Kural chapter on 6871: 6810: 5313: 4903: 4057: 3851:

are considered classic by modern scholars. Some of the commentaries of the 20th century include those by

320: 23166: 18268: 17374: 17352:(Translated by K. M. Balasubramaniam). Madras: Manali Lakshmana Mudaliar Specific Endowments. 327 pages. 15318: 13667:

The Concealed Art of the Soul: Theories of Self and Practices of Truth in Indian Ethics and Epistemology

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Valluvar shrines and monuments styled after Hindu temples are found in various parts of Tamil Nadu. The

4768:, "Thirukkural is a treatise par excellence on the art of living." The Indian nationalist and Yoga guru 4459:. This Buddhist epic ridicules Jainism while embedding morals and ideals similar to those in the Kural. 3919:

by Karl Graul, with English notes by William Germann. Graul also published the first German translation.

1130:

speculated that "valluva" in his name is a variation of "vallabha", the designation of a royal officer.

480: 25876: 25820: 25595: 25125: 23771: 23256: 23151: 22531: 22286: 20516: 20235: 19726: 19662: 19502: 19470: 19244: 19158: 18793: 18276: 17994: 17925: 17412: 12754: 12592: 10930: 6834: 6721: 6350: 5994: 5309: 4921: 4784:, said, "Thirukkural is a treasure house of worldly knowledge, ethical guidance and spiritual wisdom." 3829: 3690: 3309:

Starting from the medieval era, commentators have multifariously divided the Kural text into different

578: 24388: 23111: 17368: 16072:"Union Budget: Nirmala recites once again from Thirukural; Stalin reminds her of another one on kings" 15623: 12544: 12059: 6143: 4411:

borrows "a great number of lines" and phrases from earlier Tamil texts. For example, phrases found in

4392:, states Zvelebil, are "undoubtedly" based on the then extant Sanskrit works such as the more ancient 4269:

based on manuscripts discovered in Hindu monasteries and private collections was published in 1861 by

3614:, but does so only after emphasizing non-killing as every individual's personal virtue in the book of 955:

and was subjected to a divine test, which it passed. The scholars who believe this tradition, such as

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Cutler, Norman (1992). "Interpreting Thirukkural: the role of commentary in the creation of a text".

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The text was translated into several European languages during the colonial era, particularly by the

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Geetha, V.; Rajadurai, S. V. (1993). "Dalits and Non-Brahmin Consciousness in Colonial Tamil Nadu".

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version for the scholarship of the Kurral and many other historic Tamil texts in the 19th century.

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Indian languages: Sanskrit, Hindi, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Bengali, Marathi, Gujarati, and Urdu

3860: 3816: 1153: 1033: 741: 23116: 20706: 15082: 13025: 7109: 3502:) is about twice the size of the first, and three times that of the third. In the 700 couplets on 1216:

Sanskrit texts. According to A. Chakravarthy Nainar, the Jaina tradition associates the work with

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The work is highly cherished in the Tamil culture, as reflected by its twelve traditional titles:

25845: 25458: 25407: 25347: 25286: 25281: 25082: 24393: 23332: 23312: 23002: 22694: 21271: 20858: 20366: 19566: 19462: 19281: 18806: 18768: 18638: 18623: 18528: 18191: 18073: 12868: 12448: 11428: 9632:, pp. 152–154, context: 144–154 (Chapter: Hinduism and the Ethics of Warfare in South Asia). 7465: 7240: 6396: 5843: 5780: 5392: 5376: 5259:

Statue of Valluvar, along with the Vivekananda memorial, off the coast of Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu

4915: 4899: 4073: 3322: 656:, of seven words each. The text is divided into three books with aphoristic teachings on virtue ( 547: 93: 24746: 13106: 12801: 12611: 12512: 12335: 12333: 12331: 12329: 11865: 11444: 11412: 9989: 9344: 4470:

but differ in some important aspects. In Valluvar's theory of state, unlike Kautilya, the army (

3635: 392: 387: 25901: 25738: 25443: 25296: 25144: 24368: 24280: 23612: 23577: 23013: 22738: 21970: 21571: 21523: 20646: 20541: 20225: 19970: 19622: 19574: 19558: 19121: 19116: 19081: 19076: 19071: 18801: 18643: 18598: 18186: 17329:

Thirukkural: Universal Tamil Scripture (Along with the Commentary of Parimelazhagar in English)

17212:(Mahalingam, N., General Editor; 2 volumes), Coimbatore, India: Ramanandha Adigalar Foundation. 15183:"Values in leadership in the Tamil tradition of Tirukkural vs. present-day leadership theories" 14185: 13722: 13467: 10997: 10364: 8325: 8317: 7756: 4978: 4974: 4746: 4718:

called its author "a bard of universal man" for being a generalist and universal. According to

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Since the 1970s, the Kural text has been transliterated into ancient Tamil scripts such as the

3995: 3947: 3643: 1399:), dealing with moral values of an individual and essentials of yoga philosophy (Chapters 1–38) 1348:, and all the 133 chapters have an ethical theme and are grouped into three parts, or "books": 985: 956: 313: 293: 31: 23029: 20943: 18952: 17096: 16956: 16649:"Thiruvalluvar Day 2020: History, significance and all you need to know about the iconic poet" 15884: 15309: 14823: 14774: 14266: 12643: 11963: 11822: 5227:

erected in 2000 atop a small island in the town of Kanyakumari on the southernmost tip of the

4939:

issued a gold coin bearing Valluvar's image. In the late 19th century, the South Indian saint

3474:(virtue) as their cornerstone, resulting in the work being collectively referred to simply as 3325:. The medieval commentators have variously grouped the chapters of Book I into three and four 1540:. The work largely reflects the first three of the four ancient Indian aims in life, known as 1168:, to claim the work and its author as one of their own. The 19th-century Christian missionary 308: 25808: 25654: 25231: 25087: 25077: 24972: 24498: 24453: 23956: 22790: 22350: 22342: 22270: 22226: 21588: 21583: 21478: 21286: 21073: 20988: 20741: 20396: 20075: 19702: 19486: 18848: 18833: 18753: 18558: 18141: 17540: 15684: 15665: 15304:

Chendroyaperumal, Chendrayan (2011). "Indian Management Ideas – Part-1: General Management".

14947: 14492: 14148: 14112: 14021: 13185: 12560: 12326: 9958: 9655: 9653: 8182: 8031: 7840: 6285: 6265: 5973: 5966: 5333: 4710: 4493:, the Kural does not give women a lowly and dependent position but are rather idealised. The 4474:) is the most important element. Valluvar recommends that a well kept and well-trained army ( 4121: 4077: 4033: 3848: 3840:

are some of the well-known scholarly commentaries on the Kural text before the 20th century.

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genres of the Tamil literary tradition as explained in the Tolkappiyam. According to Sharma,

946: 926: 753: 455: 349: 113: 12689: 12673: 12627: 9329: 1311:, a rational analysis of the Kural text suggests that Valluvar was a Hindu, and not a Jain. 1290:

couplets to various aspects of statecraft and warfare in a manner similar to the Hindu text

552: 25778: 25768: 25463: 25092: 24892: 24353: 23176: 22467: 21607: 21597: 21578: 21556: 21518: 21456: 21368: 21331: 21129: 20978: 20893: 20801: 20651: 20596: 20456: 20316: 19891: 19582: 19550: 19438: 19430: 19341: 19291: 18843: 18648: 18427: 18417: 18386: 18110: 18102: 18060: 18052: 17965: 17915: 16796:"திருக்குறளில் இல்லாதது எதுவும் இல்லை: திருவள்ளுவர் விருது பெற்ற தைவான் கவிஞர் யூசி பேச்சு" 15717:(7). The Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Ministry of Education: 113–124 13587: 13572: 13513: 13499: 13460: 13041: 12658: 7458: 6672: 6610: 6275: 5337: 5224: 5072: 4907: 4891: 4651: 4610: 4187: 4069: 4037: 3936: 3852: 1420:), dealing with socio-economic values, polity, society and administration (Chapters 39–108) 511: 499: 487: 337: 24691: 24478: 24413: 22832: 22131: 18286: 17386: 15292: 13800:(1st ed.). New Delhi: Government of India, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. 11727: 9650: 4620: 1447:"Virtue will confer heaven and wealth; what greater source of happiness can man possess?" 8: 25871: 25728: 25569: 25468: 25453: 25402: 24932: 24493: 24438: 24358: 24300: 24183: 24078: 23808: 23522: 23462: 23236: 22810: 22734: 22568: 22437: 22398: 22374: 22241: 22161: 22141: 22116: 22086: 21498: 21378: 21246: 21175: 20973: 20731: 20726: 20716: 20701: 20691: 20621: 20601: 20551: 20205: 20065: 19883: 19746: 19598: 19016: 18699: 18669: 18618: 18446: 18412: 18355: 17596: 17555: 17488: 16993: 16890: 16847:"30 ஆண்டு தவத்தில் கிடைத்த வள்ளுவர்! [Valluvar obtained after a 30-year penance]" 16795: 16336: 14531: 13613: 13564: 12361: 7989: 7775: 7661: 6118: 5459: 5317: 5269: 5011: 4936: 4834: 4226: 4113: 3991: 3559: 3542: 3515: 3399: 1490: 1341: 1208: 1204: 1131: 1101: 989: 976: 701: 653: 630: 447: 23397: 23131: 22657: 20761: 20446: 20290: 16937:"Teach Thirukkural in schools to build a Nation with Moral Values, Madras HC tells Govt" 7562: 7557: 7290: 6174: 6128: 5822: 3506:(53 percent of the text), Valluvar mostly discusses statecraft and warfare. While other 3286:) is probably the author's work. However, the subdivisions beyond these three, known as 535: 25803: 25689: 25412: 25291: 25052: 24711: 24676: 24586: 24113: 23946: 23897: 23036: 22847: 22677: 22432: 22427: 22262: 22201: 22071: 21659: 21566: 21551: 21503: 21451: 21200: 21190: 21104: 21028: 20963: 20913: 20771: 20471: 20326: 20100: 19606: 19454: 19316: 19286: 19066: 19056: 18838: 18783: 18633: 18407: 18350: 18345: 18304: 18081: 18034: 18016: 17930: 17920: 17580: 17575: 15707:"The Coincidence of Buddhist Ethics in the Tamil Treatise, the Thirukkural: on Preface" 15610: 15534: 15488: 15438: 15417: 15409: 15380: 15371:

Dharani, D. (2018). "Medicine in Thirukkural, The Universal Veda of Tamil Literature".

15359: 15268: 15218: 14350: 14103:. Sanga Ilakkiyam (in Tamil). Vol. 3 (1st ed.). Chennai: Saradha Pathippagam. 14094:. Sanga Ilakkiyam (in Tamil). Vol. 5 (1st ed.). Chennai: Saradha Pathippagam. 13076: 11652: 8470:

A stone inscription found on the walls of a well at the Periya Palayathamman temple at

8332:, both of which appeared centuries later, further the ideas of the Kural's chapters on 7441: 7177: 6886: 6827: 6818: 6024: 5574: 5480: 5467: 5423: 5388: 5293: 5188: 5003: 4950: 4940: 4911: 4781: 4667: 4111:

With a highly compressed prosodic form, the Kural text employs the intricately complex

4065: 4049: 4011: 3844: 3833: 3494: 3431: 3427: 3318: 3293: 1434: 1413: 1127: 1094: 737: 669: 663: 523: 463: 380: 103: 24661: 23377: 23047: 22880: 14425: 14404: 13380: 12884: 10801: 7567: 6615: 5018:, the official annual report of the state of India's economy, draws heavy references. 1270:(ultimate salvation), follow, respectively, the four foundations of Hinduism, namely, 25896: 25813: 25682: 25675: 25630: 25494: 25438: 24841: 24741: 24706: 24531: 24508: 24503: 24378: 23994: 23984: 23833: 23818: 23794: 23427: 23407: 23362: 23231: 23008: 22984: 22977: 22554: 22487: 22472: 22462: 22442: 22191: 22022: 21925: 21915: 21644: 21602: 21114: 20993: 20863: 20853: 20848: 20746: 20476: 20451: 20356: 20341: 20306: 20250: 20200: 20155: 20105: 20060: 20010: 19907: 19835: 19803: 19787: 19771: 19446: 19398: 19178: 18991: 18628: 18575: 18291: 18229: 18176: 17955: 17905: 17570: 17462: 17426: 17332: 17296: 17254: 17148: 17083: 16997: 15646: 15589: 15538: 15450:

K. V. Nagarajan (2005). "Thiruvalluvar's Vision: Polity and Economy in Thirukkural".

15421: 15305: 15272: 15158: 15139: 15116: 15088: 15067: 15048: 14984: 14953: 14914: 14893: 14857: 14829: 14808: 14780: 14759: 14740: 14703: 14684: 14663: 14642: 14612: 14575: 14498: 14477: 14458: 14410: 14389: 14327: 14272: 14242: 14191: 14154: 14118: 14076: 14057: 14027: 13997: 13980: 13950: 13909: 13872: 13842: 13801: 13782: 13698: 13671: 13641: 13603: 13091: 12704: 11637: 9943: 8759: 8757: 8755: 8127: 8001: 7926: 7787: 7399: 7233: 7182: 6891: 6767: 6706: 6677: 6436: 6108: 5801: 5756: 5645: 5559: 5549: 5427: 5325: 5289: 4991: 4929: 4875: 4826: 4719: 4320: 4297: 4293: 4230: 4163: 4019: 3876: 3551: 3507: 3487: 1392: 1169: 1037: 1013: 930: 749: 733: 683: 657: 301: 273: 266: 24611: 24305: 23692: 22727: 18258: 13924: 8415:

or any text of significant significance (e.g. Jain, Hindu and Buddhist scriptures).

4957:

The Kural is part of Tamil people's everyday life across the global Tamil diaspora.

4339: 3967:

in 1848. Again, he did not translate the whole work but only parts of it. The first

1542: 1036:

officially declared 31 BCE as the year of Valluvar at a conference presided over by

25753: 25733: 25600: 25559: 25499: 25271: 25211: 25097: 24771: 24731: 24721: 24671: 24656: 24646: 24606: 24566: 24556: 24433: 24403: 24363: 24249: 24085: 24063: 23853: 23843: 23632: 23266: 23201: 22989: 22923: 22852: 22633: 22625: 22457: 22382: 22366: 22196: 22181: 22126: 21905: 21687: 21654: 21649: 21546: 21446: 21383: 21363: 21355: 21276: 21266: 21205: 21119: 21063: 21033: 21008: 20968: 20878: 20631: 20611: 20531: 20346: 20180: 20135: 20090: 20055: 19956: 19949: 19899: 19867: 19755: 19534: 19296: 19051: 18964: 18816: 18312: 18201: 18161: 18156: 17980: 17970: 16919: 16111: 15638: 15624:"Thirukkural Translations: A Sacred Text From the Town of Peacocks—Mayilâpûr India" 15581: 15526: 15480: 15459: 15401: 15351: 15260: 14533:

Tamil Wisdom; Traditions Concerning Hindu Sages, and Selections from their writings

13690: 8103: 7883: 7800: 7483: 7248: 7133: 7072: 6952: 6927: 6634: 6330: 6320: 6010: 5987: 5910: 5764: 5703: 5606: 5600: 5584: 5569: 5564: 5506: 5321: 5255: 5228: 4534: 4304:. Manakkudavar commentary for the entire Kural text was first published in 1925 by 4242: 4061: 3987: 3955: 3892: 3884: 3722: 1181: 765: 435: 24766: 23211: 20120: 16955:

Siromoney, Gift; Chandrashekaran, M.; Chandrasekaran, R.; Govindaraju, S. (1976).

15471:

Nikam, N. A. (1952). "A Note on the Individual and His Status in Indian Thought".

15030: 14111:(2002), "Gandhi and Tolstoy", in M. P. Mathai; M. S. John; Siby K. Joseph (eds.), 8752: 4577: 3998:

translations of part of the Kural into English were published in 1873 in his book

3554:, and the two greatest sins that Valluvar feels very strongly are ingratitude and 1286:. While the text extols the virtue of non-violence, it also dedicates many of 700 344: 25783: 25473: 25377: 25367: 25047: 25042: 24806: 24751: 24736: 24716: 24696: 24651: 24626: 24536: 24488: 24473: 24373: 24333: 24224: 24219: 24046: 23934: 23848: 23823: 23582: 23452: 23327: 23226: 22902: 22820: 22795: 22717: 22512: 22246: 21985: 21940: 21900: 21848: 21793: 21783: 21707: 21682: 21664: 21617: 21508: 21441: 21436: 21324: 21281: 21220: 21210: 21185: 21023: 20953: 20948: 20918: 20833: 20791: 20656: 20626: 20616: 20571: 20561: 20501: 20461: 20441: 20391: 20351: 20321: 20280: 20275: 20045: 20020: 19875: 19646: 19518: 19264: 19198: 18858: 18565: 18371: 18299: 18206: 17381: 17274:

Smith, Jason W. "The Implied Imperative: Poetry as Ethics in the Proverbs of the

17105: 16954: 15965: 14999: 14908: 14887: 14851: 14802: 14678: 14657: 14636: 14321: 13974: 13893:

Takahashi, Takanobu (1999), "The Treatment of King and State in the Tirukkural",

13665: 13635: 11969: 10129: 7938: 7641: 7609: 7350: 6300: 6189: 6158: 5945: 5920: 5708: 5514: 5451: 5380: 5372: 5364: 5169: 5114: 5050: 4983: 4754: 4703: 4687: 4589: 4546: 4270: 3968: 3960: 1320: 1312: 1299: 1225: 1203:, which is the principal concept of both the religions. In the 1819 translation, 1157: 528: 23672: 22743: 21195: 17331:(Including Text in Tamil and Roman). New Delhi: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. 278 pp. 17245:

https://vallalars.blogspot.in/2017/05/thirukkural-thathuva-yoga-gnayna-urai.html

15642: 14561:

Thirumathi Sornammal Endowment Lectures on Tirukkural 1959–60 to 1968–69, Part 1

13694: 12349: 11975: 7549: 5430:

directed the Tamil Nadu state government to include all the 108 chapters of the

4485:

of the Kural text is based on morality and benevolence as its cornerstones. The

1634:. Thus, wealth and pleasure must be pursued with an "action with renunciation" ( 1500:

is a single or a combination of more than one Tamil word. For example, the term

1118:

weaver. Another theory is that he must have been from the agricultural caste of

25840: 25825: 25793: 25610: 25524: 25519: 25509: 25357: 25311: 25236: 25102: 24992: 24922: 24821: 24796: 24666: 24636: 24596: 24561: 24418: 24343: 24328: 24323: 24214: 24204: 23914: 23865: 23657: 23607: 23597: 23246: 23141: 23023: 22966: 22936: 22805: 22578: 22482: 22236: 22136: 22121: 22096: 22091: 21975: 21865: 21803: 21722: 21712: 21702: 21612: 21493: 21488: 21473: 21413: 21398: 21373: 21303: 21298: 21293: 20983: 20958: 20933: 20766: 20606: 20581: 20546: 20491: 20481: 20431: 20426: 20336: 20311: 20265: 20210: 20175: 20160: 20130: 20125: 20050: 20035: 20015: 20005: 19779: 19678: 19526: 19494: 19259: 19168: 18895: 18733: 18720: 18674: 18533: 18196: 18146: 18136: 17950: 17889: 17790: 17740: 15530: 15010: 14889:

Hinduism and the Ethics of Warfare in South Asia: From Antiquity to the Present

14232:(in Tamil) (First ed.). Chennai: International Institute of Tamil Studies. 13582: 13550: 8475: 8381: 8358: 8243: 8186: 8036: 8006: 7912: 7848: 7102: 6740: 6295: 6214: 6204: 6113: 5952: 5554: 5455: 5368: 5285: 5104: 4987: 4958: 4925: 4853: 4809: 4727: 4699: 4316: 4249:, handed in handwritten palm-leaf manuscripts of the Kural text as well as the 4053: 4041: 4029: 3872: 3800: 3777: 3458: 3346: 1635: 1245: 964: 729: 645: 621: 332: 23642: 22827: 22758: 17363: 17202:, 11(3), pp. 1-18. The Indian Political Science Association. ISSN: 0019-5510. 15585: 15463: 15264: 15249:"Corruption and Redemption: The Legend of Valluvar and Tamil Literary History" 11917: 11915: 11191: 11155: 11066: 7432: 5187:

Statues of Valluvar have been erected across the globe, including the ones at

5172:, a monument to honor the Kural literature and its author, was constructed in 4447:(lit. "The Great Story") probably composed in the 9th century quotes from the 285: 25860: 25620: 25605: 25579: 25554: 25544: 25539: 25534: 25489: 25306: 25167: 25107: 24816: 24801: 24791: 24776: 24726: 24681: 24641: 24576: 24571: 24541: 24408: 24348: 24290: 24014: 23828: 23106: 23079: 22942: 22929: 22916: 22870: 22815: 22166: 22106: 22056: 21895: 21833: 21818: 21717: 21632: 21561: 21513: 21421: 21403: 21251: 21154: 21053: 20938: 20903: 20888: 20756: 20736: 20696: 20686: 20671: 20641: 20636: 20586: 20511: 20436: 20401: 20260: 20230: 20190: 20025: 20000: 19811: 19143: 19086: 18728: 18590: 18580: 18553: 18538: 18505: 18470: 18263: 18237: 18171: 17945: 17874: 17869: 17810: 17525: 17474: 17438: 17236:(in German). Bonn, Germany: Ludwig Roehrscheid Publication, pp. 128–133. 15650: 15593: 15515:"Humanist but not Radical: The Educational Philosophy of Thiruvalluvar Kural" 14142:(in Tamil) (1st ed.). Chennai: International Institute of Tamil Studies. 14108: 13505: 13491: 13447: 12400: 11119: 8478:. In the long inscription Ellis praises Valluvar and uses a couplet from the 8364: 8239: 8041: 7853: 7812: 7488: 7146: 7092: 6940: 6731: 6667: 6662: 6629: 6508: 6441: 6416: 6401: 6391: 6245: 6068: 6052: 5959: 5435: 5418:

The Kural text was first included in the school syllabus by the colonial-era

5408: 5400: 5396: 5277: 5265: 5232: 5200: 5007: 4999: 4858: 4805: 4769: 4598: 4581: 4550: 4246: 4191: 4084:, a tribal community in Tamil Nadu, by Kittu Sironmani. In October 2021, the 3868: 3856: 3765: 3761: 3670:

virtues, pushing even the virtue of veracity to the second place (kural 323).

3337:

s. The chapters of Book III have been variously grouped between two and five

1529: 1053: 1041: 981: 952: 857: 721: 717: 706: 679: 430: 22684: 17190:

https://journals.smsvaranasi.com/index.php/purushartha/article/view/1543/735

17019:"Veganism in India and its Growth Over the Years Into a Formidable Movement" 15741:"Madras High Court makes in-depth study of Tirukkural compulsory in schools" 15066:(in Tamil and English) (First ed.). Chennai: Unique Media Integrators. 13984: 12770: 11519: 11517: 11465: 11463: 11097: 11095: 11093: 9745: 7868: 7863: 7858: 6504: 6148: 5466:

to fight against the ruling British government. The 19th-century poet-saint

4478:) led by an able commander and ready to go to war is necessary for a state. 3895:, besides several hundred others. The commentary by M. Varadarajan entitled 3795:

The best known and influential historic commentary on the Kural text is the

3452:"The greatest virtue of all is non-killing; truthfulness cometh only next." 25798: 25758: 25529: 25387: 25352: 25266: 25256: 25251: 25226: 25186: 24786: 24781: 24756: 24686: 24621: 24581: 24551: 24546: 24458: 24448: 24338: 24073: 24068: 24056: 23977: 23963: 23887: 23652: 23552: 23537: 23271: 23101: 22909: 22842: 22722: 22702: 22583: 22447: 22390: 22221: 22216: 22211: 22186: 22156: 21890: 21763: 21697: 21692: 21627: 21483: 21468: 21215: 21159: 21144: 21139: 21048: 21038: 20928: 20923: 20828: 20796: 20751: 20591: 20411: 20331: 20255: 20240: 20220: 20215: 20195: 20185: 20110: 20085: 20070: 20040: 19915: 19654: 19614: 19331: 19326: 19214: 19153: 19041: 18959: 18947: 18900: 18821: 18758: 18743: 18548: 18543: 18245: 18181: 18094: 18021: 17879: 17849: 17692: 17450: 17306:

Thirunavukkarasu, K. D. (1973). Tributes to Tirukkural: A compilation. In:

16396: 16181:

Nagaswamy, R. (23 December 2018). "திருக்குறளில் இந்து சமயக் கொள்கைகள்! ".

16093:"PM Modi releases Tamil classic 'Thirukkural' in Papua New Guinea language" 16030:"Economic Survey 2020 draws heavy references from Kautilya's Arthashashtra" 13535: 13520: 12470: 12023: 11912: 11502: 10743: 10741: 10739: 10737: 10735: 10733: 9867: 9865: 9863: 9861: 9859: 9295: 9293: 8503: 8203: 7904: 7795: 7711: 7594: 7579: 7495: 7473: 7343: 7331: 7214: 7121: 6876: 6841: 6711: 6360: 6225: 6179: 6017: 5864: 5579: 5539: 5447: 5431: 5404: 5329: 5244: 5240: 5010:

has quoted the couplets on several occasions, including his recital to the

4966: 4801: 4765: 4573: 4557: 4530: 4522: 4394: 4368: 4312: 4117: 4099: 3769: 3741: 3655: 3619: 3523: 3350: 1638:), that is, one must act without craving in order to resolve this tension. 1533: 1493: 1345: 1200: 1161: 995: 960: 811: 652:), is a classic Tamil language text consisting of 1,330 short couplets, or 244: 22672: 17058: 17039:"Two Texts, One Vision: Kautilya's Arthashastra and Thiruvalluvar's Kural" 16846: 16134:"Thirukkural's first English translation was a 'de-spiritualised': TN Guv" 15405: 14241:. Makers of Indian Literature (2nd ed.). New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. 12251: 11309: 11307: 9126: 9124: 9122: 9120: 8689: 8687: 5585: 4174: 25830: 25748: 25743: 25718: 25574: 25504: 25382: 25372: 25276: 25067: 24862: 24836: 24831: 24631: 24616: 24483: 24463: 24443: 24295: 24270: 24229: 24090: 23999: 23989: 23951: 23909: 23872: 23838: 23732: 23622: 23602: 23372: 23196: 23156: 23146: 22948: 22763: 22647: 22146: 21950: 21727: 21388: 21043: 21018: 20898: 20883: 20838: 20786: 20781: 20661: 20556: 20536: 20521: 20506: 20486: 20406: 20371: 20170: 20145: 20140: 20115: 20095: 20080: 20030: 19269: 18996: 18937: 18885: 18863: 18773: 18763: 18253: 18029: 17975: 17940: 17750: 17682: 17530: 16482:"Include 108 chapters of 'Thirukkural' in school syllabus, HC tells govt" 15778: 14910:

Diaspora of the Gods: Modern Hindu Temples in an Urban Middle-Class World

14457:. 915 (1st ed.). Chennai: International Institute of Tamil Studies. 14375:பெருஞ்சித்திரனார் திருக்குறள் மெய்ப்பொருளுரை: உரைச் சுருக்கம் (Volume 1) 12977: 12791: 12275: 11888: 11838: 11514: 11475: 11460: 11385: 11131: 11090: 10894: 9808: 9231: 9229: 8506:

and first-person perspective: (The kural couplet he quotes is in italics)

8302: 8207: 8090: 7980: 7704: 7449: 7367: 7362: 7282: 6989: 6965: 6960: 6639: 6594: 6547: 6497: 6426: 6310: 6235: 6060: 6038: 5980: 5928: 5815: 5674: 5443: 5419: 5412: 5360: 5355:

The Kural is an oft-quoted Tamil work. Classical Tamil works such as the

5297: 5281: 5236: 5196: 5014:

in 2020. The Kural literature is one of the ancient texts from which the

4822: 4818: 4773: 4757:, "Thirukkural is a synthesis of the best moral teachings of the world." 4723: 4691: 4675: 4195: 4159: 4151: 3964: 3940: 3888: 3864: 3808: 3804: 3547: 1537: 1303: 1212: 1165: 1145: 1106: 1068: 847: 725: 583: 23567: 17203: 16727: 16626: 16479: 15614: 15384: 15222: 14739:(1 ed.). Chennai: The Periyar Self-Respect Propaganda Institution. 13066: 12486: 12424: 11667: 10730: 10339: 9856: 9706: 9290: 4419:(lit. "The Excellent Love Settings") which starts with an invocation to 3710: 861: 851: 841: 835: 829: 828:

means something that is "short, concise, and abridged." Etymologically,

823: 817: 805: 799: 793: 787: 25788: 25773: 25723: 25615: 25342: 25337: 25216: 25201: 25072: 25032: 24601: 24591: 24468: 24398: 24285: 24254: 24234: 24178: 24173: 24128: 24023: 23682: 23662: 23572: 23527: 23502: 23442: 23437: 23387: 23307: 23281: 23216: 23042: 22995: 22800: 22748: 22206: 22176: 22171: 22151: 22101: 22012: 21870: 21813: 21773: 21768: 21538: 21461: 21261: 21099: 21068: 20998: 20908: 20873: 20868: 20823: 20681: 20666: 20466: 20376: 19942: 19859: 19734: 19254: 19183: 19163: 19021: 19001: 18778: 18613: 18317: 18281: 18118: 17854: 17662: 17652: 17632: 17511: 17185: 16355: 15757: 15492: 15442: 15413: 15040: 14737:

Tirukkural—Valluvar: Collected Works of Thanthai Periyar E. V. Ramasamy

13798:

India: Society, Religion and Literature in Ancient and Medieval Periods

13607: 13484: 13456: 13409: 13407: 12928: 12926: 12846: 12534: 11798: 11304: 10099: 9117: 8684: 8471: 8206:(Chapter 32). For modern philosophers' take on this, see, for example, 8011: 7699: 7682: 7669: 7649: 7513: 7267: 7201: 7170: 7158: 7037: 6716: 6602: 6230: 5938: 5689: 5684: 5679: 5630: 5463: 5384: 5356: 5344:. Many of these authors have translated the work into their languages. 5305: 5177: 4995: 4870: 4838: 4797: 4715: 4568:, meaning "Sacred Sayings") share some similarities. Both Valluvar and 4542: 4526: 4518: 4400: 4379: 4354: 4198:. According to Sanjeevi, the first translation of the work appeared in 4147: 4081: 3972: 3749: 3491: 3298: 1308: 1217: 1177: 1001: 769: 745: 675: 356: 325: 212: 163: 22972: 16689:"High Court orders in-depth study of Tirukkural compulsory in schools" 16584: 16210: 16189: 15363: 13901: 13013: 12601: 11771: 11044: 11042: 11040: 10939: 10530: 9377: 9226: 8896: 8894: 8892: 8763: 7716: 5522: 4973:

conferences were conducted in the twentieth century, such as those by

4513:

with those in other ancient thoughts such as the Confucian sayings in

1105:

The statue of Valluvar, the author of the Kural text, on an island in

816:

meaning "holy, sacred, excellent, honorable, and beautiful." The term

25713: 25397: 25362: 25246: 25221: 25191: 25112: 25062: 24826: 24701: 24428: 24199: 24123: 24030: 24004: 23924: 23707: 23542: 23367: 23342: 23261: 23221: 23206: 23161: 22959: 22753: 22422: 22334: 22066: 22046: 21945: 21855: 21828: 21808: 21753: 21622: 21431: 21078: 20576: 20245: 20150: 19843: 19188: 19046: 18986: 17884: 17672: 17433: 16774: 16252: 16231: 16180: 15601:

Srinivasachari, C. S. (1949). "The Political Ideology of the Kural".

13577: 13344: 12760: 12550: 12075: 12065: 10626: 9367: 9365: 9192: 9190: 8189: 8073: 7687: 7408: 7372: 7326: 7277: 7032: 6994: 6853: 6726: 6584: 6488: 6406: 6340: 6169: 6031: 5713: 5659: 5212: 5192: 5126: 5091:

sits under the tree. In the shrine dedicated to him, Valluvar's wife

4945: 4695: 4569: 4384: 4222: 4199: 3820: 3773: 3530:. In addition to these, the Kural also strongly proscribes gambling. 3527: 3483: 3482:

is common for all, irrespective of whether the person is a bearer of

1610:) refers to pleasure and fulfilment of one's desires, also guided by 1221: 1173: 1021: 959:

and M. Rajamanickam, date the text to as early as 300 BCE. Historian

710: 595: 564: 280: 176:

1812 (first known printed edition, older palm-leaf manuscripts exist)

23763: 22707: 22523: 16891:"திருவள்ளுவரின் வேறு பெயர்கள் [Other names of Tiruvalluvar]" 16715:(in Tamil). Chennai: The New Indian Express Group. 20 September 2012 16605: 16563: 16542: 16416: 15823:"PM Modi quotes from 'Tirukkural' again, now for soldiers in Ladakh" 15547: 15484: 13404: 13173: 12923: 12725: 12582: 12502: 12316: 12314: 12287: 12092: 12090: 11324: 11322: 9437: 8834: 8832: 7746: 5885: 5031: 674:), respectively. It is widely acknowledged for its universality and 257:, misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of Tamil script. 25835: 25763: 25301: 25037: 24513: 24239: 24209: 24168: 24163: 23929: 23904: 23702: 23592: 23532: 23482: 23477: 23322: 23317: 23276: 23241: 23191: 23126: 23121: 22875: 22712: 22452: 22417: 22051: 22036: 21960: 21955: 21920: 21910: 21823: 21758: 21732: 21058: 19301: 19132: 19036: 18520: 18501: 17844: 17814: 17780: 17760: 17730: 17405: 17056: 16973: 15355: 15138:. Vol. 4 vols. Chennai: Central Institute of Classical Tamil. 12355: 12151: 12149: 11981: 11900: 11855: 11853: 11054: 11037: 10985: 10949: 10765: 10706: 10669: 10667: 10665: 10614: 10542: 10354: 10352: 8889: 8016: 7968: 7875: 7761: 7694: 7654: 7531: 7518: 7478: 7355: 7012: 6762: 6589: 6524: 6378: 6255: 6199: 6002: 5871: 5857: 5669: 5664: 5640: 5544: 5273: 5208: 5204: 5158: 5119: 5096: 5076: 5068: 4866: 4814: 4683: 4671: 4561: 4374: 4363: 4278: 4088:

announced its translating the Kural text into 102 world languages.

4022:

in 1886, which introduced the complete Kural to the western world.

3745: 3729:

or commentaries (explanation in prose or verse), known in Tamil as

3726: 3519: 3402:, the Kural is "a homily on righteous living for the householder." 3393:

virtues in Book I are addressed to the householder or commoner. As

3372:

Chapters 74–96: Essential parts of state, shrewdness in public life

3302: 1192: 1119: 1115: 1086: 1018: 254: 60: 23712: 16255:"As a war of words rages outside, peace reigns inside this temple" 15317:

Pradeep Chakravarthy and Ramesh Ramachandran (16–31 August 2009).

15032:

A comprehensive Tamil and English dictionary of high and low Tamil

14525:(1st ed.). Chennai: International Institute of Tamil Studies. 13419: 12953: 12376: 12178: 12176: 12147: 12145: 12143: 12141: 12139: 12137: 12135: 12133: 12131: 12129: 11280: 10884: 10882: 10789: 10196: 10005: 9640: 9638: 9362: 9187: 9022: 6557: 4918:

set the entire 1330 verses to music in a record time of 16 hours.

1032:

In 1921, in the face of incessant debate on the precise date, the

993:"undoubtedly" based on the then extant Sanskrit works such as the 559: 25392: 25206: 24275: 24138: 23919: 23877: 23860: 23722: 23717: 23697: 23637: 23627: 23617: 23557: 23507: 23497: 23422: 23412: 23402: 23347: 23181: 23061: 22785: 22662: 22637: 22573: 22076: 21965: 21930: 21885: 21880: 21875: 21788: 21778: 21134: 19963: 19827: 18942: 18738: 17864: 17859: 17800: 17770: 17716: 17106:"A Letter to A Hindu: The Subjection of India—Its Cause and Cure" 16521: 14876:

The Moral Life: An Introductory Reader in Ethics and Literature,

14306:(1 ed.). Chennai: Navalar Nedunchezhiyan Kalvi Arakkattalai. 13332: 13031: 12943: 12941: 12856: 12744: 12742: 12740: 12738: 12311: 12087: 11373: 11349: 11319: 10906: 9979: 9977: 9909: 9907: 9905: 9903: 9735: 9733: 8983: 8981: 8979: 8864: 8862: 8829: 8401: 8065: 7963: 7826: 7751: 7629: 7624: 7584: 7382: 7316: 7307: 7299: 7257: 7153: 7080: 7065: 6858: 6701: 6694: 6649: 6579: 6517: 6465: 6138: 6087: 5878: 5829: 5794: 5347: 5173: 5162: 5138: 5080: 4842: 4679: 4585: 4498: 3980: 3757: 3753: 3651: 3650:

Scholars claim that Valluvar seldom shows any concern as to what

1188: 1136: 1123: 810:

is an honorific Tamil term that corresponds to the Sanskrit term

590: 25136: 23447: 17469: 17198:

Chandramouliswar, R. (1950). Theory of Government in the Kural.

16545:"Gita, Veda, Thirukkural, Adam Smith...survey of great thoughts" 16458: 16376: 15947:"Divided by language and culture, united by love for Tirukkural" 15903: 15862: 15622:

Pallu, Nelza Mara; Mohanty, Panchanan; Durga, Shiva (May 2023).

14949:

Harmony of Religions: Vedānta Siddhānta Samarasam of Tāyumānavar

14260:(1 ed.). Chennai: International Institute of Tamil Studies. 13161: 12874: 12454: 12263: 11850: 11589: 11434: 10679: 10662: 10401: 10399: 10349: 10323: 10321: 10319: 9995: 9536: 9534: 9532: 9530: 9528: 9076: 9074: 4233:

and a scholar of Tamil and Sanskrit who had established a Tamil

4006:, ultimately translating the first two books of the Kural text. 1441:), dealing with psychological values and love (Chapters 109–133) 25696: 25448: 25261: 25181: 25057: 24148: 24118: 23970: 23882: 23813: 23727: 23677: 23667: 23562: 23547: 23467: 23457: 23417: 23357: 23352: 23337: 23302: 23251: 23171: 22837: 22667: 22608: 22061: 22002: 21935: 21860: 21737: 21347: 20165: 19193: 19026: 19006: 18920: 18915: 18826: 18325: 17642: 17612: 16814: 16069: 16048: 15944: 15924: 15841: 15799: 15552:

International Journal of Indian Culture and Business Management

15316: 13949:. Ane's Student Edition (17th ed.). New Delhi: Ane Books. 13212: 13112: 12807: 12776: 12617: 12518: 12436: 12173: 12126: 11878: 11788: 11786: 11749: 11747: 11745: 11450: 11418: 11402: 11400: 11361: 11143: 11025: 10961: 10879: 10777: 10718: 10650: 10243: 10241: 10239: 10237: 10235: 10208: 10171: 10169: 10167: 10165: 10163: 10161: 10159: 10146: 10144: 10142: 10046: 10044: 9796: 9635: 9503: 9501: 9464: 9462: 9175: 8193: 8058: 8054: 7956: 7951: 7946: 7741: 7736: 7731: 7614: 7589: 7544: 7500: 7391: 7338: 7194: 7114: 7097: 7044: 7017: 6972: 6945: 6935: 6881: 6562: 6472: 6373: 5594: 5341: 5220: 5216: 5134: 4830: 4761: 4538: 4514: 4451:

and embeds similar teachings and morals. Verse 22.59–61 of the

4420: 4274: 4238: 4203: 3976: 3823:. Following these medieval commentaries, there are at least 21 3471: 3394: 1396: 1302:

in couplets 167, 408, 519, 565, 568, 616, and 617 suggests the

1295: 1283: 1271: 1196: 968: 757: 697: 692: 152: 126: 16974:

Siromoney, Gift; Govindaraju, S.; Chandrashekaran, M. (1980).

16794: 15986: 15106:(1 ed.). Chennai: Arutchudar Anbar Group. pp. 27–46. 15064:

Why Should Thirukkural Be Declared the National Book of India?

14939:

Thirukkural: Couplets with English Transliteration and Meaning

14721:(in Tamil) (1st ed.). Chennai: Tamil Valarcchi Iyakkagam. 13902:

Lakshmi Holmström; Subashree Krishnaswamy; K. Srilata (2009).

13684: 13296: 13272: 13151: 13149: 12938: 12735: 12161: 11003: 10602: 10488: 10486: 10370: 10089: 10087: 10085: 10083: 9974: 9900: 9730: 9250: 9248: 9246: 9244: 9153: 9151: 9086: 9034: 9000: 8998: 8996: 8976: 8949: 8947: 8945: 8943: 8941: 8859: 8718: 8716: 8714: 5002:

denied the claim citing that the Tirukkural does not sanction

4865:

Various portraits of Valluvar have been drawn and used by the

4178:

First known edition of the Kural, published in Tamil, in 1812.

925:(the Tamil Veda). The work is traditionally grouped under the 25625: 25332: 25316: 24158: 24153: 24133: 23941: 23742: 23737: 23647: 23517: 23472: 23382: 23186: 23136: 23085: 23066: 22642: 22603: 22041: 22031: 20843: 19011: 18981: 18910: 18905: 17712: 17622: 17480: 17182:

Purushartha—A journal of Management, Ethics and Spirituality,

16335: 16314: 16296:"Author manually counts the number of letters in Thirukkural" 16007: 15678: 13905:

The Rapids of a Great River: The Penguin Book of Tamil Poetry

13224: 13001: 12816: 12649: 12388: 12188: 11828: 11759: 11256: 11227: 11107: 10842: 10840: 10578: 10396: 10386: 10384: 10382: 10316: 10304: 10280: 9964: 9762: 9760: 9525: 9353: 9317: 9071: 9010: 8740: 8411: 8108: 8026: 7975: 7831: 7817: 7805: 7599: 7574: 7416: 7262: 7165: 7085: 6984: 6653: 6571: 6098: 5808: 5490: 5040: 4821:

in Kongu Nadu, the 18th-century copper inscriptions found in

4094: 3986:

The first, and incomplete, English translations were made by

3983:. Graul additionally translated the work into Latin in 1856. 3951: 3824: 3538: 2973:

Chapter 109. Mental Disturbance Caused by the Lady's Beauty (

1590:) refers to ethical values for the holistic pursuit of life, 1417: 1275: 1089: 1017:

Sangam literature. The text also features a higher number of

16647: 16500: 16437: 15844:"First printed Tirukkural to be republished after 168 years" 15291: 14045:(3rd ed.). Coimbatore: Ramakrishna Mission Vidhyalayam. 13938:(in Tamil) (1 ed.). Chennai: Periyar Enthusiasts Group. 13368: 13320: 13200: 13191: 12989: 12911: 12566: 12339: 12035: 12011: 11783: 11742: 11397: 11339: 11337: 11246: 11244: 11242: 11013: 10973: 10857: 10855: 10232: 10156: 10139: 10041: 9772: 9682: 9594: 9592: 9590: 9588: 9558: 9513: 9498: 9459: 9447: 9335: 9214: 9107: 9105: 9103: 9101: 4787: 24143: 23747: 23512: 23492: 22598: 22303:

An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation

22081: 21997: 21843: 21838: 21798: 19031: 18976: 18932: 18853: 17726: 17702: 16273: 16028: 15820: 14609:

Developing a Sustainability Mindset in Management Education

14304:திருக்குறள் நாவலர் தெளிவுரை (Tirukkural Navalar Commentary) 13308: 13146: 13134: 12695: 12679: 12633: 12212: 12047: 11939: 11553: 10520: 10518: 10516: 10503: 10501: 10483: 10447: 10270: 10268: 10186: 10184: 10080: 9890: 9888: 9886: 9884: 9882: 9880: 9844: 9474: 9305: 9241: 9148: 9061: 9059: 9057: 9055: 9053: 9051: 9049: 8993: 8938: 8879: 8877: 8711: 8021: 7634: 7604: 7272: 7052: 6481: 6045: 5223:. The tallest of these is the 41-metre (133 ft) stone 4334: 3815:

under the title "Jaina Urai" (meaning Jaina commentary) by

3510:

approved of, and even glorified, the four immoral deeds of

3366:

Chapters 39–63: Royalty, the qualities of the leader of men

1489:

s on the first line and three on the second, following the

1438: 1279: 1234:"It's the author's innate nature to select the best virtues 882: 17037:

Pradeep Kumar Gautam and Saurabh Mishra (17 August 2023).

16934: 16889: 16566:"Economic Survey draws from wealth of ideas in Tirukkural" 16090: 15621: 15545: 15024:(in Tamil) (1 ed.). Chennai: Manivasagar Padhippagam. 13260: 13047: 12664: 12257: 12239: 11999: 11987: 11804: 11541: 11529: 11072: 10918: 10837: 10825: 10753: 10554: 10411: 10379: 10111: 9820: 9814: 9757: 9694: 9546: 9486: 9421: 9419: 9406: 9404: 9383: 9280: 9278: 9265: 9263: 8807: 8805: 8803: 8801: 8799: 8797: 8795: 8793: 8791: 8728: 8672: 8662: 8660: 8658: 8656: 8654: 8652: 8650: 5454:

version of the book, who in turn instilled the concept in

5387:, 13 in the Silappathikaram, 91 in the Manimekalai, 20 in 4982:

pan-Indian contexts outside the Tamil diaspora, including

1195:. This can be observed in his treatment of the concept of 22007: 21316: 17268:(in German). Wiesbaden, Germany: Harrasowitz Publication. 16132: 15572:

Subramaniam, V. (1963). "A Tamil classic on statecraft".

14730:(in Tamil) (1st ed.). Chennai: Manimekalai Prasuram. 14409:(First ed.). New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. 14368:(in Tamil) (4 ed.). Chennai: Sri Indhu Publications. 14114:

Meditations on Gandhi : a Ravindra Varma festschrift

14070: 13640:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 85–89 with notes. 13386: 13248: 13236: 12983: 12899: 12430: 12412: 12406: 12229: 12227: 12102: 11927: 11894: 11844: 11733: 11481: 11469: 11334: 11292: 11268: 11239: 11197: 11161: 11137: 11125: 11101: 10900: 10867: 10852: 10807: 10696: 10694: 10638: 10253: 10220: 10105: 10029: 10017: 9871: 9832: 9751: 9585: 9575: 9573: 9136: 9130: 9098: 8966: 8964: 8962: 8913: 8911: 8909: 8778: 8776: 8774: 8772: 8693: 7007: 5407:

and online forums involving discussions on the topics of

4593: 772:

have long celebrated and upheld the text with reverence.

27:

Ancient Tamil composition on personal ethics and morality

19391:

An Essay on Abstinence from Animal Food, as a Moral Duty

16802:(in Tamil). Chennai: Kasturi & Sons. 16 January 2014 16667: 16524:"Teach Thirukkural to next generation: high court judge" 16419:"Thiruvalluvar's religion a subject of scholarly debate" 15155:

Secular Virtue: for surviving, thriving, and fulfillment

15084:

Thirukkural (Original in Tamil with English Translation)

14776:

The Smile of Murugan: On Tamil Literature of South India

14439:. Thirumathi Sornammal Endowment Lectures on Tirukkural. 13996:. Vol. 1. Ariyalur, India: Paavendhar Padhippagam. 13838:

Print, folklore, and nationalism in colonial South India

13530:(1 ed.). Chennai: V. O. Chidambaram Pillai. 152 pp. 13392: 12367: 12299: 12200: 11810: 11691: 11679: 10590: 10513: 10498: 10435: 10423: 10292: 10265: 10181: 10068: 9877: 9718: 9672: 9670: 9668: 9163: 9046: 8874: 8849: 8847: 8192:, which is equated to veganism of today. The concept of 5125:

Additional Valluvar shrines in South India are found at

3725:, and almost every notable scholar of Tamil has written 1598:) refers to wealth obtained in ethical manner guided by 16707: 14593:(in Tamil) (10th ed.). Chennai: Kazhaga Veliyeedu. 14437:

quoted in K. Muragesa Mudaliar's "Polity in Tirukkural"

13758: 13284: 12114: 11951: 11777: 11715: 11625: 11613: 11601: 11492: 11490: 11391: 11215: 11203: 11179: 11167: 10056: 9416: 9401: 9275: 9260: 8928: 8926: 8788: 8647: 7219: 5772: 1061:"The book without a name by an author without a name." 15885:"102 மொழிகளில் திருக்குறள்: செம்மொழி நிறுவனம் முயற்சி" 15883: 15738: 15061: 14881:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 856–889. 14340: 14140:உலகத் தமிழிலக்கிய வரலாறு (தொன்மை முதல் கி.பி.500 வரை) 13082: 13019: 12965: 12224: 11703: 11673: 11658: 11577: 10691: 10632: 10566: 9784: 9570: 9389: 8959: 8906: 8769: 5073:

Ekambareeswara-Kamakshi (Shiva-Parvati) temple complex

4553:, in addition to the holy books of various religions. 3950:. The first European language translation was made in 3721:

The Kural is one of the most reviewed of all works in

1683:

Chapter 3. The Greatness of Those Who Have Renounced (

963:

assigned it to the early 1st century CE. According to

678:

nature. Its authorship is traditionally attributed to

51:

A typical published original Tamil version of the work

24913:

The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction

19423:

Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes

17410: 16864: 16817:"'Thirukkural inspired Gandhi to adopt non-violence'" 16768: 16294: 15563:

Sharma, Sriram (29 August 2018). "வரலாற்றுப் பிழை ".

15062:

N. Velusamy and Moses Michael Faraday (Eds.) (2017).

14932:(1 ed.). Tenkasi, India: Thiruvalluvar Kazhagam. 14611:(1 ed.). New York: Routledge. pp. 113–132. 14075:(in Tamil) (1 ed.). Tanjavur: Tamil University. 13871:. Oxford Reference. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 13525:திருவள்ளுவர் திருக்குறள் மணக்குடவருரை—அறத்துப்பால் . 13356: 12890: 11565: 11078: 10813: 9949: 9931: 9665: 9202: 8844: 8838: 5061:

couplets inscribed on perimeter pillar walls (right).

4439:

probably from the 10th century CE are anthologies on

1532:, the Kural is one of the earliest systems of Indian 846:, one of the two Tamil poetic forms explained by the 709:

and permanently redefined the cultural values of the

17210:

Tirukkural with English Translation and Explanation.

17146: 16748: 16730:"Returning to the classic commentary of Thirukkural" 16709:"பொலிவிழந்து வரும் மயிலாப்பூர் திருவள்ளுவர் கோயில்!" 16687: 16317:"Bengaluru man takes Thirukkural to global audience" 16152: 15926:"Pujas are regular at this temple for Thiruvalluvar" 14941:(1st ed.). Chennai: Shree Shenbaga Pathippagam. 14853:

Companion studies to the history of Tamil literature

14828:. Handbook of Oriental Studies. Leiden: E.J. Brill. 14297:(in Tamil) (1st ed.). Chennai: Uma Padhippagam. 14214:. Chennai: International Institute of Tamil Studies. 13743:திருக்குறள்: ஆய்வுத் தெளிவுரை (பெருட்பால், பகுதி 1) 13637:

The Ascetic Self: Subjectivity, Memory and Tradition

13439: 13122: 13097: 12828: 12710: 12096: 11643: 11487: 10471: 10459: 8923: 8817: 8222:

For examples of Sanskrit loan words, see Zvelebil's

4415:(lit. "The Collection of Short ") and many lines in 3630: 17341:Yogi Shuddhananda Bharati (Trans.). (15 May 1995). 17310:. Madras: University of Madras Press. pp. 124. 17036: 17016: 16114:"Thirukkural couplets now in Brahmi Tamizhi script" 15499: 14702:. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada: Read Books. 14511: 14223:(Third ed.). Chennai: Macmillan India Limited. 14187:

Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Sasay to Zorgot

13350: 13167: 10685: 8699: 4431:similarly extensively quoted and borrowed from the 3375:

Chapters 97–108: Reaching perfection in social life

1959:

Chapter 26. Abstinence from Flesh (Vegetarianism) (

17387:G. U. Pope's English Translation of the Tirukkural 14952:. New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 78–79. 14372: 13714:Confucius: A Biography (Trans. Lun Yu, in English) 12959: 11286: 9919: 9662:, pp. xiii–xvii, Appendix note on verse 1103. 4726:called it "the Hindu Kural" and recommended it to 4545:, and the ethical works of Persian origin such as 1481:or couplet contains exactly seven words, known as 1323:philosophy and teaches an "Advaitic way of life". 1236:found in all the known literature and present them 17188:. Print ISSN: 0975-024X; Online ISSN: 2456-1371. 16302:. Chennai: Thanthi Publications. 22 February 2021 15670:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 ( 15546:Balakrishnan Muniapan and M. Rajantheran (2011). 14966: 14179:(in Tamil) (1st ed.). Chennai: Pari Nilayam. 14098: 14089: 14019: 13776: 13338: 12081: 11982:Siromoney, Govindaraju & Chandrashekaran 1980 11355: 10620: 9644: 9196: 8499:The original inscription in Tamil written in the 4817:Angala Parameshwari Kodai copper inscriptions in 3646:, 1873, with the traditional portrait of Valluvar 792:is a compound word made of two individual terms, 25858: 17126: 16384:. Puducherry: Kasturi & Sons. 11 August 2020 15802:"A customs officer and the true import of Kural" 15303: 14574:. New Delhi: Penguin Random House. p. 264. 14540: 14301: 14258:Essays and Tributes on Tirukkural (1886–1986 AD) 14227: 13946:History of Economic Thought (First edition 1967) 13933: 13814: 13549: 13425: 13413: 13218: 13179: 12394: 12382: 12293: 12281: 12269: 11367: 10548: 10536: 10358: 9181: 8900: 5149:. Many of these communities, including those in 4427:. Authors who came after the composition of the 3684: 1695:Chapter 4. Assertion of the strength of Virtue ( 1622:are desirable, yet both need to be regulated by 15562: 15449: 15428: 15208: 14927: 14716: 14558: 14476:(1st ed.). Chennai: Sandhya Publications. 14319: 14310: 13781:(1 ed.). Chennai: New Century Book House. 13374: 12320: 11906: 11859: 11379: 11060: 11048: 11031: 10991: 10955: 10771: 10724: 10712: 10011: 9739: 9092: 9028: 8868: 5103:(holy tree of the temple) at the temple is the 3021:Chapter 113. Declaration of Love's Excellence ( 1187:Valluvar is thought to have belonged to either 822:has as many as 19 different meanings in Tamil. 18500: 18392:Sarvajna and Tiruvalluvar statues installation 16168:. New Delhi: OutlookIndia.com. 31 January 2020 16036:. New Delhi: BusinessToday.in. 31 January 2020 15600: 14983:. New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. p. 29. 14974:. New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. p. 755. 14945: 14683:. Oxford University Press. pp. 187, 200. 14554:(2nd ed.). Chennai: University of Madras. 14137: 14015:(2 ed.). Coimbatore: Thangam Padhippagam. 13972: 13929:(1 ed.). Madurai: American Mission Press. 13860:. Annamalai Nagar: Annamalai University Press. 13823: 13534: 13519: 11945: 10050: 9802: 9700: 9323: 9080: 9016: 8242:is obtained by adding 31 years to the present 4796:remained the chief administrative text of the 4139:as 'the sea of miserable life' and the phrase 3349:'s version, which greatly varies from that of 3341:s. For example, the following subdivisions or 3261:Chapter 133. Pleasures of Temporary Variance ( 2714:Chapter 88. Skill in the Conduct of Quarrels ( 2522:Chapter 72. Knowledge in the Council Chamber ( 2222:Chapter 47. Acting after Right Consideration ( 1076:The Kural text was authored by Thiruvalluvar ( 25152: 23779: 22539: 21332: 19149:Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine 18486: 17496: 17234:Anti-religious Movement in Modern South India 16778:. Kanyakumari. 2 January 2000. Archived from 16356:Krishnamachari, Suganthy (20 November 2014). 16051:"1830 Tirukkural commentary to be relaunched" 15631:International Journal of Development Research 14753: 14725: 14588: 14563:. Vol. 1. Chennai: University of Madras. 14448:(1st ed.). New Delhi: Rupa Publications. 14434: 14377:(1 ed.). Chennai: Then Mozhi Padippagam. 14323:The Tale of an Anklet: An Epic of South India 14040: 13991: 13968:(in Tamil). Chennai: Tamil Valarcchi Iyakkam. 13734:திருக்குறள்: ஆய்வுத் தெளிவுரை (அறத்துப்பால்) 12862: 12822: 12194: 12182: 11149: 10912: 10888: 10656: 10214: 8145: 6787: 5733: 4829:, Veeramudiyalar mutt copper inscriptions in 4190:, the Kural literature had been passed on as 3405:Like the three-part division, and unlike the 3297:Statue of Valluvar at an animal sanctuary in 2498:Chapter 70. Conduct in the Presence of King ( 1875:Chapter 19. Not Speaking Evil of the Absent ( 775: 24021: 23975: 23961: 22279:Fifteen Sermons Preached at the Rolls Chapel 17077: 16998:"The Golden coin depicting Thiruvalluvar -2" 16695:. Madurai: Kasturi & Sons. 27 April 2016 16404:. Puducherry: The Times Group. 14 April 2021 15344:The Journal of the American Oriental Society 15110: 15101: 15080: 15019: 14728:திருவள்ளுவ மாலை மூலமும் எளிய உரை விளக்கமும் 14697: 14625: 14602:(1 ed.). Chennai: University of Madras. 14471: 14355:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 14315:(in Tamil) (1 ed.). Chennai: Iraiyagam. 14071:M. G. Kovaimani and P. V. Nagarajan (2013). 13795: 13140: 12947: 12418: 12167: 11933: 11406: 11019: 10795: 10759: 10673: 10492: 9610: 9157: 5351:A Kural discourse in Chennai in January 2019 5165:tradition and worship him as god and saint. 2997:Chapter 111. Rejoicing in the Sexual Union ( 16992: 16844: 16253:Ramakrishnan, Deepa H. (15 November 2019). 16232:Ramakrishnan, Deepa H. (4 September 2006). 15932:. Madurai: The Times Group. 9 November 2019 15571: 15479:(3). University of Hawai'i Press: 254–258. 15400:(4). University of Hawai'i Press: 604–617. 15180: 15129: 14936: 14885: 14734: 14343:Thirukkural Translations in World Languages 14292: 14264: 14255: 14236: 14218: 14174: 13892: 13759:R. Mohan and Nellai N. Sokkalingam (2011). 13731: 13670:. Oxford University Press. pp. 68–70. 13659:. Harvard University Press. pp. 91–92. 13621: 13545:. Chennai: Manivasagar Padhippagam. 370 pp. 13471: 13398: 13242: 13230: 13007: 12442: 12305: 12218: 12053: 11595: 11298: 11274: 10967: 10924: 10846: 10831: 10783: 10747: 10584: 10560: 10453: 10417: 10405: 10390: 10247: 10117: 10074: 9983: 9913: 9838: 9826: 9766: 9629: 9598: 9552: 9220: 9142: 9111: 9040: 8987: 8632: 8626: 8620: 8614: 8608: 8602: 8596: 8590: 8584: 8578: 8571: 8563: 8556: 8550: 8544: 8538: 8532: 8526: 8520: 8514: 8508: 8276:Quote: "Non-killing is an absolute virtue ( 8197: 4262:21st century, it had crossed 500 editions. 4140: 4134: 3262: 3250: 3238: 3226: 3214: 3202: 3190: 3178: 3166: 3154: 3142: 3130: 3118: 3106: 3094: 3082: 3070: 3058: 3046: 3034: 3022: 3010: 2998: 2986: 2974: 2955: 2943: 2931: 2919: 2907: 2895: 2883: 2871: 2859: 2847: 2835: 2823: 2811: 2799: 2787: 2775: 2763: 2751: 2739: 2727: 2715: 2703: 2691: 2679: 2667: 2655: 2643: 2631: 2619: 2607: 2595: 2583: 2571: 2559: 2547: 2535: 2523: 2511: 2499: 2487: 2475: 2463: 2451: 2439: 2427: 2415: 2403: 2391: 2379: 2367: 2355: 2343: 2331: 2319: 2307: 2295: 2283: 2271: 2259: 2247: 2235: 2223: 2211: 2199: 2198:Chapter 45. Seeking the Help of the Great ( 2187: 2175: 2163: 2151: 2139: 2127: 2104: 2092: 2080: 2068: 2056: 2055:Chapter 34. Instability of Earthly Things ( 2044: 2032: 2020: 2008: 1996: 1984: 1972: 1960: 1948: 1936: 1924: 1912: 1900: 1888: 1876: 1864: 1852: 1840: 1828: 1816: 1804: 1792: 1780: 1768: 1756: 1744: 1732: 1720: 1708: 1696: 1684: 1672: 1660: 1428: 1407: 1386: 870:literally comes to mean "sacred couplets." 204: 70: 25159: 25145: 23786: 23772: 22546: 22532: 21339: 21325: 18493: 18479: 17503: 17489: 17401:The 'Sacred' Kurral of Tiruvalluva-Nayanar 16909: 16190:Parthasarathy, Indira (12 December 2015). 15391: 15373:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress 15004:. Calcutta: Darbari Udjog. pp. 40–42. 14997: 14906: 14549: 13767: 13654: 13326: 13278: 12995: 12917: 12748: 12120: 11792: 10979: 9540: 9311: 8883: 8764:Holmström, Krishnaswamy, and Srilata, 2009 8152: 8138: 6794: 6780: 5740: 5726: 4894:. Singers who have performed full-fledged 4435:. For example, the Prabandhas such as the 4095:Translational difficulties and distortions 1887:Chapter 20. Not Speaking Senseless Words ( 45: 19687:Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows 19511:Thirty-nine Reasons Why I Am a Vegetarian 17308:First All India Tirukkural Seminar Papers 17103: 16585:Venkatramanan, Geetha (12 January 2018). 16398:"Giving an artistic touch to Thirukkural" 16378:"Giving an artistic touch to Thirukkural" 15760:"Neglect leading Valluvar Kottam to ruin" 15679:"Thiruvalluvar Ninaivu Malar". 1935: 117. 15246: 15173: 15039: 15028: 14930:Sacred Kurral of Thiruvalluvar—Arattuppal 14676: 14567: 14552:First All India Tirukkural Seminar Papers 14452: 14443: 14430:. Calcutta and London: Association Press. 14363: 14230:இக்கால உலகிற்குத் திருக்குறள் (Volume 3) 14010: 13963: 13864: 13855: 13834: 13749: 13740: 13711: 13557:Compiled by V. M. Gopalakrishnamachariyar 13555:திருக்குறள் மூலமும் பரிமேலழகர் உரையும் . 13446: 13302: 12971: 12905: 12233: 12206: 12155: 12108: 11765: 11559: 11343: 11262: 11250: 11233: 11113: 10861: 10608: 10596: 10327: 10310: 10298: 10286: 10259: 10226: 10202: 10190: 9778: 9724: 9688: 9676: 9564: 9519: 9507: 9492: 9468: 9453: 9299: 9208: 8853: 8722: 4788:Inscriptions and other historical records 4076:. The work has also been translated into 3369:Chapters 64–73: The subject and the ruler 3033:Chapter 114. The Abandonment of Reserve ( 2570:Chapter 76. Ways of Accumulating Wealth ( 1827:Chapter 15. Not Coveting Another's Wife ( 19337:World Esperantist Vegetarian Association 17295:L'Auberson, Switzerland: Editions ASSA, 17241:Tirukkural: Thatthuva, Yoga, Gnyana Urai 16627:Venkatasubramanian, V. (26 April 2018). 16587:"Tirukkural – essence of all scriptures" 16425:. Chennai: Kasturi & Sons. p. 4 16261:. Chennai: Kasturi & Sons. p. 3 16211:Sivapriyan, E. T. B. (2 February 2020). 15966:Vijayaraghavan, K. (22 September 2005). 15341: 14849: 14821: 14800: 14772: 14655: 14634: 14606: 14597: 14529: 14520: 14423: 14406:The Sacred Kurral of Tiruvalluva Nayanar 14381: 14204: 14049: 13942: 13663: 13594: 13290: 13266: 13206: 12041: 12029: 12017: 12005: 11993: 11957: 11921: 11816: 11753: 11721: 11709: 11697: 11685: 11631: 11619: 11607: 11583: 11571: 11547: 11535: 11523: 11508: 11328: 11313: 11221: 11209: 11185: 11173: 11084: 10524: 10507: 10441: 10429: 10274: 10175: 10150: 10093: 10062: 10035: 9850: 9790: 9712: 9659: 9579: 9480: 9425: 9410: 9395: 9284: 9269: 9254: 9235: 9169: 9004: 8970: 8953: 8823: 8811: 8782: 8734: 8705: 8678: 8666: 8443:—the Kural chapter on bearing children. 8210:"The Immorality of Eating Meat" (2000). 5346: 5254: 5113: 5021: 4920: 4852: 4466:teachings are similar to those found in 4338: 4335:Comparison with other ancient literature 4325:International Institute of Tamil Studies 4173: 4098: 3910: 3709: 3701:Commentaries in Tamil literary tradition 3634: 3292: 3081:Chapter 118. Eyes Concerned with Grief ( 3057:Chapter 116. Separation is Unendurable ( 2246:Chapter 49. Recognition of Opportunity ( 2210:Chapter 46. Avoiding Mean Associations ( 2162:Chapter 42. Learning through Listening ( 1743:Chapter 8. The Possession of Affection ( 1238:in a manner that is acceptable to all." 1100: 22311:Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals 19924:You Are What You Eat: A Twin Experiment 16606:Venkatramanan, Geetha (22 April 2010). 16234:"An exercise to the tune of Tirukkural" 15603:The Indian Journal of Political Science 15512: 15470: 15370: 15229: 15152: 15008: 14870: 14146: 14117:, New Delhi: Concept, pp. 96–112, 14107: 13973:Hikosaka, Shu; Samuel, G. John (1990). 13724:The Kural or The Maxims of Tiruvalluvar 13720: 13633: 13314: 13254: 13155: 13128: 12834: 12356:Music Academy Conference lectures, 2017 12245: 11496: 10819: 10700: 10572: 9894: 8917: 4948:is named by the Indian Railways as the 3832:, and the 19th-century commentaries by 3317:sub-divisions was first put forth by a 3225:Chapter 130. Arguing with One's Heart ( 2414:Chapter 63. Not Despairing in Trouble ( 1947:Chapter 25. Possession of Benevolence ( 1109:facing towards the Tamil Nadu coastline 14: 25859: 19362:List of vegetarian and vegan companies 17155:. International Vegetarian Union (IVU) 16910:Anparasu, Umapathy (23 January 2019). 16112:Muruganandham, T. (12 December 2012). 15781:"Saint poet's guru pooja at Tiruchuli" 15704: 14978: 14402: 14388:. New Delhi: Asian Education Service. 13922: 13727:(1 ed.). Chennai: Amudha Nilayam. 13362: 9937: 9925: 9371: 5057:(wedding hall), and features all 1330 4935:In 1818, the then Collector of Madras 4638:Depictions of Valluvar down the ages. 4509:Scholars compare the teachings in the 4343:A 1960 commemorative stamp of Valluvar 3533:The Kural is based on the doctrine of 3141:Chapter 123. Lamentations at Evening ( 2942:Chapter 107. The Dread of Mendicancy ( 2282:Chapter 52. Selection and Employment ( 2270:Chapter 51. Selection and Confidence ( 2186:Chapter 44. The Correction of Faults ( 1558:). The fourth aim, namely, salvation ( 1465:(virtue) contains 380 verses, that of 1319:is believed by the natives to reflect 1144:and had a friend and a disciple named 25648:Anekdote zur Senkung der Arbeitsmoral 25140: 23793: 23767: 22553: 22527: 21320: 19479:Behind the Scenes in Slaughter-Houses 19139:Nederlandse Vereniging voor Veganisme 18474: 17484: 17315:Thirukkual Alladhu Vaazhkkai Vilakkam 17251:Tirukkural: An Abridgement of Sastras 17243:. Salem: Leela Padhippagam. 1067 pp. 17204:https://www.jstor.org/stable/42743290 16815:Murthi, P. V. V. (14 February 2015). 16655:. HindustanTimes.com. 16 January 2020 16503:"Finding a new pattern in Tirukkural" 15906:"From merchant to Tirukkural scholar" 15865:"Indian epics vs. Western philosophy" 15739:India Today Webdesk (27 April 2016), 15458:(1). Duke University Press: 123–132. 15115:. Chennai: Unique Media Integrators. 14913:. New York: Oxford University Press. 14758:(1 ed.). Chennai: Notion Press. 14536:. London: Wesleyan Conference Office. 13819:. Chidambaram: Meiyappan Padhippagam. 13763:. Chidambaram: Meiyappan Padhippagam. 8565:இருபுனலும் வாய்த்த மலையும் வருபுனலும் 8558:திருக்குறள் தன்னில் திருவுளம் பற்றிய் 4848: 4002:and its 1885 expanded edition titled 3855:, Krishnampet K. Kuppusamy Mudaliar, 3604:1885 & A. K. Ananthanathan 1994). 3189:Chapter 127. Longing for the Return ( 3069:Chapter 117. Complaining of Absence ( 2738:Chapter 90. Not Offending the Great ( 2618:Chapter 80. Scrutiny of Friendships ( 2534:Chapter 73. Not to Fear the Council ( 2174:Chapter 43. Possession of Knowledge ( 2126:Chapter 39. The Greatness of a King ( 2079:Chapter 36. Perception of the Truth ( 1516:. The Kural text has a total of 9310 1085:was first mentioned in the later era 635:'sacred verses'), or shortly 21095:Ben & Esther's Vegan Jewish Deli 20677:A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada 18453: 17186:https://doi.org/10.21844/16202115202 16845:Anbarasan, Komal (16 January 2019). 16564:Ramakrishnan, T. (1 February 2020). 16417:Ramakrishnan, T. (6 November 2019). 16091:Press Trust of India (22 May 2023). 15580:(2). Taylor & Francis: 162–174. 14628:திருக்குறளிலே கலைபற்றிக் கூறாததேன்? 14373:Pavalareru Perunchithiranar (1933). 14302:'Navalar' R. Nedunchezhiyan (1991). 13897:, New Delhi: Manohar, pp. 53–54 13817:Tirukkural: Tiruvalluvar Karutthurai 13592: 13560:. Chennai: Uma Padhippagam. 1456 pp. 13466: 10644: 5071:community built a temple within the 4857:A Kural couplet on display inside a 4323:and others by Gift Siromoney of the 4086:Central Institute of Classical Tamil 3695:Tirukkural translations into English 2985:Chapter 110. Recognizing the Signs ( 2894:Chapter 103. On Raising the Family ( 2774:Chapter 93. Abstinence from Liquor ( 2702:Chapter 87. The Excellence of Hate ( 2121:Book II—Book of Polity (70 chapters) 782:Glossary of names for the Tirukkural 443:Tamil history from Sangam literature 22327:Elements of the Philosophy of Right 17348:Zvelebil, K. (1962). Foreword. In: 17200:Indian Journal of Political Science 17153:15th World Vegetarian Congress 1957 17149:"Vegetarianism in Tamil Literature" 17059:"Music Academy Conference lectures" 15863:Nagarajan, M. S. (14 August 2012). 15705:Than, Myint Myint (December 2011). 15519:Studies in Philosophy and Education 14874:"The Immorality of Eating Meat," in 14756:தமிழனின் தத்துவம் திருக்குறள் அறம் 14700:Indian Thoughts and Its Development 14490: 14345:. Chennai: ValaiTamil Publications. 14183: 13754:. Chennai: Manivasagar Padhippagam. 13745:. Chennai: Manivasagar Padhippagam. 13736:. Chennai: Manivasagar Padhippagam. 13481:Tirutthanigai Saravanaperumal Aiyar 12932: 12777:Chakravarthy and Ramachandran, 2009 10873: 10477: 10465: 10023: 9065: 8932: 8746: 8546:புலவர்கள் பெருமான் மயிலையம் பதியான் 8439:Compare this with Chapter 7 of the 5095:is patterned after the Hindu deity 4504: 4288:Parimelalhagar's commentary on the 3975:, who published it in 1856 both at 3201:Chapter 128. Reading of the Signs ( 3105:Chapter 120. The Solitary Anguish ( 2968:Book III—Book of Love (25 chapters) 2582:Chapter 77. Greatness of the Army ( 2019:Chapter 31. Refraining from Anger ( 1719:Chapter 6. The Goodness of Spouse ( 1671:Chapter 2. The Excellence of Rain ( 1654:Book I—Book of Virtue (38 chapters) 24: 19415:Reasons for not Eating Animal Food 17343:Thirukkural with English Couplets. 17219:. Chennai: Gangai Puthaga Nilayam. 17173: 17147:Meenakshi Sundaram, T. P. (1957). 17017:The Vegan Indians (26 June 2021). 16438:Rangan, Baradwaj (19 March 2016). 16337:"Knowing the truth of Thirukkural" 16010:"Tamil saw its first book in 1578" 16008:Madhavan, Karthik (21 June 2010). 15758:Kabirdoss, Yogesh (18 July 2018). 15293:"Veganism, a superior way of life" 15230:Karthik Bhatt (16–31 March 2020). 14446:Thirukkural: Pearls of Inspiration 14153:. New Delhi: Mittal Publications. 14150:Morality and Ethics in Public Life 12032:, pp. 140–141 with footnotes. 11924:, pp. 153–157 with footnotes. 11511:, pp. 126–127 with footnotes. 8604:பிரபவாதி வருக்கு மேற் செல்லா நின்ற 8528:நெடுநிலம் தாழ நிமிர்ந்திடு சென்னப் 8493: 8464: 8449: 8433: 8421: 8390: 8374: 8350: 8311: 8294: 8270: 8252: 8232: 8216: 8175: 7188:Svatantrika-Prasaṅgika distinction 5521: 5450:found in the Kural when he read a 5118:Shrine of Valluvar at a temple in 4265:The first critical edition of the 4004:The Tales and Poems of South India 3466:The three books of the Kural base 3009:Chapter 112. Praising Her Beauty ( 2654:Chapter 83. Faithless Friendship ( 2294:Chapter 53. Cherishing One's Kin ( 2258:Chapter 50. Recognition of Place ( 2234:Chapter 48. Recognition of Power ( 1983:Chapter 28. Inconsistent Conduct ( 1731:Chapter 7. The Obtaining of Sons ( 1508:formed by combining the two words 25: 25928: 25166: 19383:On Abstinence from Eating Animals 19277:North American Vegetarian Society 17357: 17293:Thirukkural with English Couplets 17104:Tolstoy, Leo (14 December 1908). 16770:"CM unveils Thiruvalluvar statue" 16635:. Kanchipuram: Kasturi & Sons 16240:. Pondicherry: Kasturi & Sons 15987:Pandey, Kirti (1 February 2020). 15787:. Tiruchuli: Express Publications 15779:Kannan, Kaushik (11 March 2013). 15232:"Arupathu Moovar – 110 years ago" 15035:(1 ed.). Madras: P. R. Hunt. 15015:. London: Williams & Norgate. 15001:Military Thoughts of Tiruvaḷḷuvar 14559:Thani Nayagam, Xavier S. (1971). 14530:Robinson, Edward Jewitt (2001) . 14268:A dictionary of Indian literature 14205:M. S. Purnalingam Pillai (2015). 14043:திருக்குறள், ஆராய்ச்சிப் பதிப்பு 13994:திருக்குறள் வாழ்வியல் விளக்கவுரை 13976:Encyclopaedia of Tamil Literature 13459:(Verse 34), See original text in 13440:Classical primary sources (Tamil) 8510:சயங்கொண்ட தொண்டிய சாணுறு நாடெனும் 4642:A Shaivite portrait of Valluvar; 4229:, a British civil servant in the 3631:Similes and pseudo-contradictions 3486:or the rider in it. According to 3442:or virtue. It continues to treat 3213:Chapter 129. Desire for Reunion ( 1911:Chapter 22. Recognition of Duty ( 1899:Chapter 21. Dread of Evil Deeds ( 24983:The Closing of the American Mind 24903:Civilization and Its Discontents 24883:A Vindication of Natural Society 22508: 22507: 21110:Green Elephant Vegetarian Bistro 19230:Christian Vegetarian Association 18452: 18441: 18440: 17554: 17468: 17456: 17444: 17432: 17420: 17394: 17364:Tirukkural: Work by Tiruvalluvar 17345:Chennai: Tamil Chandror Peravai. 17287:Tiruvalluvar and his Tirukkural. 17232:Klimkeit, Hans-Joachim. (1971). 16865:Chakravarthy Nainar, A. (1953). 16467:. Thanjavur: Kasthuri & Sons 16459:Renganathan, L. (29 July 2017). 16213:"'Thirukkural' makes a comeback" 16016:. Coimbatore: Kasturi & Sons 15968:"The benefits of nishkama karma" 15904:Kolappan, B. (18 October 2015). 14630:. Chennai: Poonkodi Padhippagam. 14543:திருக்குறளின் தனிச்சிறப்புக்கள் 14516:. Chennai: Bharati Puthakalayam. 14221:Oppilakkiya Nokkil Sanga Kaalam 14177:திருக்குறள் வ.உ.சிதம்பரனார் உரை 12935:, pp. 4333–4334, 4341–4342. 8121: 5771: 5039: 5030: 4628: 4619: 3378:Chapters 109–115: Concealed love 3177:Chapter 126. Reserve Destroyed ( 2846:Chapter 99. Perfect Excellence ( 2750:Chapter 91. Being Led by Women ( 2510:Chapter 71. Knowledge of Signs ( 2342:Chapter 57. Absence of Tyranny ( 2091:Chapter 37. Rooting Out Desire ( 2031:Chapter 32. Inflicting No Pain ( 235: 19639:Vegetarian Cooking for Everyone 17128:"Tirukkural Super Fast Express" 16897:. Tamil Virtual University. n.d 16551:. New Delhi: Times Publications 16480:Saravanan, L. (27 April 2016). 16461:"A monk's love for Thirukkural" 16323:. Chennai: Thanthi Publications 16315:Nivetha, C. (5 February 2024). 16274:Gandhi, Maneka (7 March 2017). 16185:(in Tamil). Tiruchi. p. 9. 16120:. Chennai: Express Publications 16049:Kolappan, B. (3 October 2019). 15945:Madhavan, D. (26 August 2016). 15842:Kolappan, B. (3 October 2018). 15800:Kolappan, B. (2 October 2017). 15190:International Management Review 14967:Monier Monier-Williams (2002). 14677:Robert Charles Zaehner (1973). 14600:திருக்குறள் அமைப்பும் முறையும் 13716:. Confucius Publishing Co. Ltd. 11526:, p. 127 with footnote 99. 9715:, p. 119 with footnote 10. 8586:ஸ்வஸ்திஸ்ரீ சாலிவாகன சகாப்த வரு 8580:என்பதின் பொருளை என்னுள் ஆய்ந்து 8534:பட்டணத்து எல்லீசன் என்பவன் யானே 5446:was inspired by the concept of 4878:by the then President of India 4388:. Some of the teachings in the 3906: 3705: 3249:Chapter 132. Petty Jealousies ( 3129:Chapter 122. Visions of Night ( 2462:Chapter 67. Firmness in Deeds ( 2330:Chapter 56. The Cruel Sceptre ( 2318:Chapter 55. The Right Sceptre ( 1248:about Valluvar, 13th century CE 972:before Tamil bhakti poets era. 22886:Progressive utilization theory 22295:The Theory of Moral Sentiments 21665:Value monism – Value pluralism 21242:Vegetarian and vegan symbolism 19583:Moosewood Collective Cookbooks 19322:Vegetarian Society (Singapore) 19307:Toronto Vegetarian Association 19250:International Vegetarian Union 18382:Tiruchuli Thiruvalluvar Temple 17510: 17289:New Delhi: Bharatiya Jnanpith. 17285:Subramaniyam, Ka Naa. (1987). 17229:. Chennai: Thirumagal Nilayam. 17215:Gnanasambandan, A. S. (1994). 16440:"A musical bridge across eras" 16358:"Under the spell of the Kural" 15645:(inactive 18 September 2024). 14907:Joanne Punzo Waghorne (2004). 14892:. Cambridge University Press. 14717:I. Sundaramurthi, ed. (2000). 14435:Alexander Pyatigorsky (n.d.). 14424:Herbert Arthur Popley (1931). 14313:திருக்குறளின் தனிச்சிறப்புகள் 13979:. Institute of Asian Studies. 13964:C. Dhandapani Desikar (1969). 13856:C. Dhandapani Desikar (1975). 13777:K. V. Balasubramanian (2016). 12258:Muniapan and Rajantheran, 2011 11805:Pallu, Mohanty and Durga, 2023 11073:Muniapan and Rajantheran, 2011 9815:Muniapan and Rajantheran, 2011 9302:, p. 454 with footnote 7. 8552:தெய்வப் புலமைத் திருவள்ளுவனார் 8494: 8465: 8458:, G. O. Ms. 1193, dated 1967. 8450: 8434: 8422: 8391: 8375: 8351: 8312: 8295: 8271: 8253: 8233: 8217: 8176: 5391:, 12 in Villi Bharatham, 7 in 4646:Statue of Valluvar within the 4169: 3363:Chapters 25–38: Ascetic virtue 3360:Chapters 5–24: Domestic virtue 3237:Chapter 131. Lover's Quarrel ( 2474:Chapter 68. Method of Action ( 2450:Chapter 66. Purity in Action ( 1995:Chapter 29. Absence of Fraud ( 1815:Chapter 14. Decorous Conduct ( 909:(garland made by the author), 13: 1: 25669:The Moon and the Sledgehammer 24873:Oration on the Dignity of Man 21257:Vegetarian and vegan dog diet 21181:Food for Thought (restaurant) 19764:Diet for a New America (film) 19543:The Benefits of Vegetarianism 19407:A Vindication of Natural Diet 19174:Vegan Prisoners Support Group 18377:Mylapore Thiruvalluvar Temple 18048:Narayana Purushothama Mallaya 17324:. New Delhi: Sakitya Academy. 16977:Tirukkural in Ancient Scripts 16629:"Tamil couplets set to dance" 16572:. Chennai: Kasturi & Sons 16364:. Chennai: Kasturi & Sons 16154:"When Economic Survey quoted 16057:. Chennai: Kasturi & Sons 15995:. New Delhi: TimesNowNews.com 15953:. Chennai: Kasturi & Sons 15912:. Chennai: Kasturi & Sons 15850:. Chennai: Kasturi & Sons 15829:. Chennai: Kasturi & Sons 15808:. Chennai: Kasturi & Sons 15731: 15711:Universities Research Journal 15431:Economic and Political Weekly 14598:M. Shanmukham Pillai (1972). 14326:. Columbia University Press. 14175:Kumaravelan, R., ed. (2008). 14041:Ki. Vaa. Jagannathan (2014). 14013:திருக்குறளின் உண்மைப் பொருள் 13966:திருக்குறள் அழகும் அமைப்பும் 13830:. Madras: The Diocesan Press. 13796:Roma Chatterjee, ed. (2021). 13540:திருக்குறள் மணக்குடவர் உரை . 13434: 13387:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 12984:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 12431:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 12407:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 11895:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 11845:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 11482:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 11470:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 11316:, p. 126 with footnotes. 11198:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 11162:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 11138:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 11126:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 11102:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 10901:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 10808:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 10106:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 9872:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 9752:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 9613:, pp. 200–205 (cited in 9384:Tamil Virtual University, n.d 9238:, p. 124 with footnotes. 9131:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 8694:Kovaimani and Nagarajan, 2013 8622:சுப திநத்தி லிதனோ டிருபத்தேழு 8540:பண்டாரகாரிய பாரம் சுமக்கையில் 6897:Unity of knowledge and action 5486:List of historic Indian texts 5468:'Vallalar' Ramalinga Swamigal 4941:'Vallalar' Ramalinga Swamigal 4825:near Kapilakkuricchi town in 4537:in the Bible, sayings of the 4209:The first paper print of the 3915:1856 CE Latin translation of 3838:Thanigai Saravanaperumalaiyar 3685:Commentaries and translations 3381:Chapters 116–133: Wedded love 3093:Chapter 119. Grief's Pallor ( 2870:Chapter 101. Useless Wealth ( 2642:Chapter 82. Evil Friendship ( 2594:Chapter 78. Military Spirit ( 2438:Chapter 65. Power in Speech ( 2306:Chapter 54. Unforgetfulness ( 1851:Chapter 17. Absence of Envy ( 1659:Chapter 1. In Praise of God ( 1614:. The corresponding goals of 1469:(wealth) has 700 and that of 1298:in couplets 610 and 1103 and 988:show that 35 of these are of 889:(eponymous with the author), 762:most translated ancient works 24943:The Society of the Spectacle 22359:On the Genealogy of Morality 22319:Critique of Practical Reason 19591:The Farm Vegetarian Cookbook 18811:Seventh-day Adventist Church 17192:. Accessed 30 November 2023. 17184:Vol. 15, no. 2, 20–31. DOI: 16501:Sujatha, R. (11 July 2016). 15502:Journal of Indian Philosophy 15452:History of Political Economy 14946:Thomas Manninezhath (1993). 14807:. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. 14364:G. Devaneya Pavanar (2017). 14099:Kowmareeshwari, ed. (2012). 14090:Kowmareeshwari, ed. (2012). 13389:, pp. 307–308, 329–330. 10810:, pp. 176–181, 328–334. 10750:, pp. 144–151, 152–154. 8641: 8616:நக்ஷத்திர யோக கரணம் பார்த்து 8610:பஹுதான்ய வரு த்தில் வார திதி 8598:இங்கிலிசு வரு 1818ம் ஆண்டில் 5006:. The Indian Prime Minister 4604: 4298:first book of the Kural text 3714:Palm leaf manuscript of the 3426:The Kural text is marked by 3421: 3276: 2390:Chapter 61. Unsluggishness ( 1266:(love), aiming at attaining 261: 7: 21226:The Pitman Vegetarian Hotel 19631:The Sexual Politics of Meat 18749:Environmental vegetarianism 18604:Environmental vegetarianism 17404:public domain audiobook at 17280:Journal of Religious Ethics 16935:Ashok, K. M. (1 May 2016). 16750:"Thirukkural now in Arabic" 16728:Vamanan (1 November 2021). 16675:. Daily Hunt. 31 March 2018 16608:"Tirukkural as way of life" 16192:"Couplets for modern times" 15643:10.37118/ijdr.26323.05.2023 14981:History of Sanskrit Poetics 13923:William Henry Drew (1840). 13695:10.1057/978-1-137-60194-0_5 11860:Geetha & Rajadurai 1993 11778:Mohan and Sokkalingam, 2011 11392:Mohan and Sokkalingam, 2011 9374:, p. i (Introduction). 9355:Thiruvalluvar Ninaivu Malar 8749:, pp. 4333–4334, 4341. 8628:துரவு கண்டு புண்ணியாஹவாசநம் 8573:வல்லரணும் நாட்டிற் குறுப்பு 8516:ஆழியில் இழைத்த வழகுறு மாமணி 8399:– sometimes referred to as 6914:Theory of Evil Human Nature 6902:Theory of Good Human Nature 5586: 5473: 5399:. In Kamba Ramayanam, poet 5314:Nathaniel Edward Kindersley 5231:, at the confluence of the 5157:, consider Valluvar as the 4904:Chidambaram C. S. Jayaraman 4407:According to Zvelebil, the 4058:V. R. Ramachandra Dikshitar 3153:Chapter 124. Wasting Away ( 3117:Chapter 121. Sad Memories ( 2726:Chapter 89. Secret Enmity ( 1767:Chapter 10. Kindly Speech ( 1334: 1331:(the universal scripture). 1044:was added to the calendar. 921:(the three-fold path), and 862: 852: 842: 836: 830: 824: 818: 812: 806: 800: 794: 788: 10: 25933: 22287:A Treatise of Human Nature 21346: 19727:Making a Stand for Animals 19503:Fifty Years of Food Reform 19245:Hare Krishna Food for Life 19159:Vegan Awareness Foundation 18277:August Friedrich Caemmerer 17926:Thirumeni Rathna Kavirayar 17350:Tirukkural by Tiruvalluvar 17320:Varadharasan, Mu. (1996). 17313:Varadharasan, Mu. (1974). 17282:50, no. 1 (2022): 123-145. 17264:Nehring, Andreas. (2003). 17057:The Music Academy (2017). 16980:. Madras Christian College 16961:. Madras Christian College 16736:. Chennai: The Times Group 16530:. Madurai: The Times Group 16488:. Madurai: The Times Group 15891:. Chennai. 20 October 2021 15766:. Chennai: The Times Group 15531:10.1007/s11217-020-09750-9 15247:Blackburn, Stuart (2000). 15113:வள்ளுவம் வாழ்ந்த வள்ளலார் 14754:H. V. Visveswaran (2016). 14698:Albert Schweitzer (2013). 14589:R. P. Sethupillai (1956). 14568:Krishna, Nanditha (2017). 14514:Thirukkuralil Siddhar Neri 14512:Aranga Ramalingam (1994). 14228:S. Krishnamoorthy (2004). 14092:பதினெண்கீழ்கணக்கு நூல்கள் 14020:Swamiji Iraianban (1997). 13895:Kingship in Indian History 13835:Blackburn, Stuart (2006). 13815:A. Gopalakrishnan (2012). 13655:Franklin Edgerton (1952). 13483:(commentator) – via 13020:Parthasarathy et al., 2023 11674:Parthasarathy et al., 2023 10633:Velusamy and Faraday, 2017 9017:Hikosaka & Samuel 1990 6835:Hundred Schools of Thought 6722:Naalayira Divya Prabandham 6351:Akshar Purushottam Darshan 5995:Akshar Purushottam Darshan 5310:August Friedrich Caemmerer 4608: 3830:Thirumeni Rathna Kavirayar 3698: 3691:Translations of Tirukkural 3688: 3357:Chapters 1–4: Introduction 3165:Chapter 125. Soliloquies ( 2906:Chapter 104. Agriculture ( 2762:Chapter 92. Wanton Women ( 2402:Chapter 62. Manly Effort ( 2067:Chapter 35. Renunciation ( 2007:Chapter 30. Truthfulness ( 1863:Chapter 18. Not Coveting ( 1803:Chapter 13. Self-control ( 1791:Chapter 12. Impartiality ( 1707:Chapter 5. Domestic Life ( 1051: 1040:. On 18 January 1935, the 944: 913:(Tamil ethical treatise), 779: 776:Etymology and nomenclature 579:Naalayira Divya Prabandham 29: 25907:Ancient Indian philosophy 25867:Tamil-language literature 25706: 25639: 25588: 25482: 25426: 25418:Twelve Tribes communities 25325: 25174: 25121: 25025: 25013:Intellectuals and Society 24963:The Culture of Narcissism 24854: 24522: 24314: 24263: 24192: 24106: 24099: 24039: 23801: 23295: 23094: 22894: 22863: 22778: 22693: 22624: 22617: 22561: 22503: 22410: 22255: 22021: 21746: 21675: 21537: 21412: 21354: 21234: 21168: 21087: 20814: 20382:Maximilian Bircher-Benner 20299: 19993: 19980: 19934: 19820:Fat, Sick and Nearly Dead 19745: 19711:The End of Animal Farming 19695:The Vegan Studies Project 19370: 19354: 19240:French Vegetarian Society 19235:European Vegetarian Union 19225:Boston Vegetarian Society 19207: 19109: 19095: 18876: 18792: 18719: 18712: 18662: 18589: 18571:Vegan organic agriculture 18519: 18512: 18436: 18428:Thiruvalluvar Twin Bridge 18400: 18364: 18338: 18215: 18127: 18066:Tiruvallam Bhaskaran Nair 18002: 17993: 17898: 17835: 17828: 17605: 17589: 17563: 17552: 17518: 17378:translated by V.V.S Aiyar 17043:E-International Relations 16837: 16669:"There's no stopping him" 16140:. Chennai. 25 August 2022 15586:10.1080/10357716308444141 15464:10.1215/00182702-37-1-123 15265:10.1017/S0026749X00003632 15130:Manavalan, A. A. (2010). 15111:N. V. Subbaraman (2015). 15022:திருக்குறள் ஆய்வுக் கோவை 15020:G. P. Chellammal (2015). 14726:Rama Vedanayagam (2017). 14626:M. P. Sivagnanam (1974). 14523:On Translating Tirukkural 14494:Readings from Thirukkural 14295:Thirukkural: Aratthuppaal 14219:Kathir Mahadevan (1985). 14056:. Shambhala. p. 27. 14050:Ricard, Matthieu (2016). 13926:The Cural of Tiruvalluvar 13824:Chakravarthy, A. (1953). 13750:Aravindan, M. V. (2018). 13741:Kandasamy, S. N. (2020). 13689:. Palgrave Macmillan UK. 13657:The Bhagavad Gita, Part 2 13588:Tamil Virtual University. 13573:Tamil Virtual University. 9617:, Volume 5, 1968, p. 29). 8839:Chakravarthy Nainar, 1953 8633: 8627: 8621: 8615: 8609: 8603: 8597: 8591: 8585: 8579: 8572: 8564: 8557: 8551: 8545: 8539: 8533: 8527: 8522:குணகடன் முதலாக குட கடலளவு 8521: 8515: 8509: 8198: 7127:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism 6768:Other Indian philosophies 6516: 6496: 6480: 6464: 5498:Philosophy Series Sidebar 5302:Constantius Joseph Beschi 5250: 4888:Mayuram Viswanatha Sastri 4576:, besides the virtues of 4481:According to Hajela, the 4245:, and the grandfather of 4141: 4135: 3956:Constantius Joseph Beschi 3881:Thirukkuralar V. Munusamy 3807:Brahmin, likely based in 3738:ten medieval commentators 3263: 3251: 3239: 3227: 3215: 3203: 3191: 3179: 3167: 3155: 3143: 3131: 3119: 3107: 3095: 3083: 3071: 3059: 3047: 3035: 3023: 3011: 2999: 2987: 2975: 2956: 2944: 2932: 2930:Chapter 106. Mendicancy ( 2920: 2908: 2896: 2884: 2872: 2860: 2848: 2836: 2824: 2812: 2800: 2788: 2776: 2764: 2752: 2740: 2728: 2716: 2704: 2692: 2680: 2668: 2656: 2644: 2632: 2630:Chapter 81. Familiarity ( 2620: 2608: 2596: 2584: 2572: 2560: 2548: 2536: 2524: 2512: 2500: 2488: 2476: 2464: 2452: 2440: 2428: 2416: 2404: 2392: 2380: 2368: 2356: 2344: 2332: 2320: 2308: 2296: 2284: 2272: 2260: 2248: 2236: 2224: 2212: 2200: 2188: 2176: 2164: 2152: 2140: 2128: 2105: 2093: 2081: 2069: 2057: 2045: 2043:Chapter 33. Not Killing ( 2033: 2021: 2009: 1997: 1985: 1973: 1961: 1949: 1937: 1925: 1913: 1901: 1889: 1877: 1865: 1853: 1841: 1839:Chapter 16. Forbearance ( 1829: 1817: 1805: 1793: 1781: 1769: 1757: 1745: 1733: 1721: 1709: 1697: 1685: 1673: 1661: 1650:, according to Zvelebil: 1429: 1408: 1387: 1327:treatise has been called 1047: 834:is the shortened form of 649: 625: 603: 570: 453: 422: 355: 300: 291: 272: 264: 218: 205: 198: 190:Published in English 188: 180: 170: 158: 148: 119: 109: 99: 88: 78: 66: 56: 44: 25003:The Malaise of Modernity 24953:The History of Sexuality 24052:Catholic social teaching 23073:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali 21638:Universal prescriptivism 21150:The Sound Lounge, London 21125:Little Pine (restaurant) 21004:Colleen Patrick-Goudreau 20497:Narasinh Narayan Godbole 19671:The Bloodless Revolution 19312:Vegetarian Federal Union 19127:Food Empowerment Project 18970:List of meat substitutes 18423:Thiruvalluvar University 18269:Pierre-Eugène Lamairesse 17936:V. O. Chidambaram Pillai 17327:Viswanathan, R. (2011). 17317:. Chennai: Pari Nilayam. 17225:Karunanidhi, M. (1996). 16958:Vattezhuthil Thirukkural 16756:. Chennai. 25 March 2013 16343:. Kolkata. 16 March 2017 15473:Philosophy East and West 15394:Philosophy East and West 15319:"Thiruvalluvar's shrine" 15299:. Kolkata. 1 April 2017. 15181:Anand Amaladass (2007). 14871:Mylan Engel Jr. (2000). 14850:Zvelebil, Kamil (1992). 14822:Zvelebil, Kamil (1975). 14801:Zvelebil, Kamil (1974). 14773:Zvelebil, Kamil (1973). 14497:. Abhinav Publications. 14474:பாமரருக்கும் பரிமேலழகர் 14320:R Parthasarathy (1993). 14293:P. R. Natarajan (2008). 14265:Sujit Mukherjee (1999). 14256:A. A. Manavalan (2009). 14026:. Abhinav Publications. 13868:A dictionary of Hinduism 13732:S. N. Kandasamy (2017). 13664:Jonardon Ganeri (2007). 13626: 13622:Modern secondary sources 13514:Tamil Virtual University 13500:Tamil Virtual University 13461:Tamil Virtual University 12284:, pp. 774–779, 783. 12097:Meenakshi Sundaram, 1957 11331:, pp. 558–561, 563. 10205:, pp. 105, 346–348. 8456:Government of Tamil Nadu 8166: 6412:Kamalakanta Bhattacharya 5597:(Six eternal substances) 5426:. On 26 April 2016, the 5016:Economic Survey of India 4963:Kavithalayaa Productions 4560:recorded in the classic 4329:Madras Christian College 4302:V. O. Chidambaram Pillai 4277:-born Tamil scholar and 4103:The largest book of the 4046:M. S. Purnalingam Pillai 3971:translation was made by 3861:V. O. Chidambaram Pillai 3817:Saraswathi Mahal Library 3797:Parimelalhakiyar virutti 2606:Chapter 79. Friendship ( 2103:Chapter 38. Past Deeds ( 1755:Chapter 9. Hospitality ( 1525:human love and passion. 1154:M. S. Purnalingam Pillai 840:, which is derived from 742:V. O. Chidambaram Pillai 138:economics and statecraft 25408:Testimony of simplicity 25326:Religious and spiritual 25287:Subsistence agriculture 25282:Slow movement (culture) 25083:Philosophy of education 23003:Samkhyapravachana Sutra 21427:Artificial intelligence 21272:Plant-based action plan 21014:Satchidananda Saraswati 20859:Tabitha Brown (actress) 19663:Livestock's Long Shadow 19567:Diet for a Small Planet 19471:Shelley's Vegetarianism 19282:Order of the Golden Age 18769:Replaceability argument 18639:Vegetarian Diet Pyramid 18624:Lacto-ovo vegetarianism 18529:Animal-free agriculture 18192:Sivaya Subramuniyaswami 18074:Pandurang Sadashiv Sane 17369:Encyclopædia Britannica 17322:Tamil Ilakkiya Varalaru 17266:Orientalism and Mission 16543:TNN (1 February 2020). 16070:PTI (1 February 2021). 15513:Devin K. Joshi (2021). 15153:Walsh, William (2018). 15136:Translations in English 15102:Tamilarasu, V. (2014). 15029:Winslow, Miron (1862). 14656:Sundaram, P.S. (1990). 14635:Sundaram, P.S. (1987). 14541:Iraikkuruvanar (2009). 14147:Ravindra Kumar (1999). 14023:Ambrosia of Thirukkural 13992:R. Ilankumaran (2018). 13721:V. V. S. Aiyar (1916). 13586:, See original text in 13571:, See original text in 13512:, See original text in 13498:, See original text in 13351:Karin Preisendanz, 2005 13168:The Vegan Indians, 2021 10686:Gautam and Mishra, 2023 6397:Nigamananda Paramahansa 5393:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam 5377:Purapporul Venba Maalai 4916:Chitravina N. Ravikiran 4900:M. M. Dandapani Desikar 4556:The Kural text and the 4225:. It is said that when 4074:K. R. Srinivasa Iyengar 3323:Nanpalur Sirumedhaviyar 2954:Chapter 108. Vileness ( 2858:Chapter 100. Courtesy ( 2834:Chapter 98. Greatness ( 2690:Chapter 86. Hostility ( 2678:Chapter 85. Ignorance ( 2486:Chapter 69. The Envoy ( 2354:Chapter 58. Benignity ( 2150:Chapter 41. Ignorance ( 1779:Chapter 11. Gratitude ( 940: 917:(fruit of the author), 255:question marks or boxes 25887:Tamil Hindu literature 25739:Appropriate technology 25297:Sustainable sanitation 25242:Low-impact development 24022: 23976: 23962: 22739:Early Buddhist schools 20647:Francis William Newman 20542:Martin Luther Holbrook 19623:Diet for a New America 19575:The Vegetarian Epicure 19463:What is Vegetarianism? 19220:Bible Christian Church 19122:Beauty Without Cruelty 19117:American Vegan Society 18599:Economic vegetarianism 18187:Edward Jewitt Robinson 17606:Concepts and teachings 17531:Elelasingan (disciple) 17239:Kuppusamy, R. (n.d.). 17110:The Literature Network 16118:The New Indian Express 15785:The New Indian Express 15692:Cite journal requires 15174:Journals and Magazines 14928:R. G. Rajaram (2015). 14878:(Louis P. Pojman, ed.) 14856:. Leiden: E.J. Brill. 14779:. Leiden: E.J. Brill. 14591:திருவள்ளுவர் நூல்நயம் 14472:C. Rajendiran (2018). 14311:Iraikuruvanar (2009). 14073:திருக்குறள் ஆய்வுமாலை 14011:K. S. Anandan (2018). 13865:W. J. Johnson (2009). 12960:Perunchithiranar, 1933 12794:The New Indian Express 11287:Perunchithiranar, 1933 10026:, pp. 4333, 4341. 9645:Swamiji Iraianban 1997 8344:(Books of Salvation). 8340:and are considered as 8326:Umapathi Shivachariyar 6039:Shakti Vishishtadvaita 5526: 5352: 5260: 5122: 4979:Periyar E. V. Ramasamy 4975:Tirukkural V. Munusamy 4932: 4930:Chennai Book Fair 2020 4862: 4747:Edward Jewitt Robinson 4737: 4423:, appear in the later 4344: 4179: 4108: 4080:, the language of the 3948:Christian missionaries 3920: 3787: 3718: 3647: 3644:Edward Jewitt Robinson 3597: 3478:. Valluvar holds that 3454: 3306: 2918:Chapter 105. Poverty ( 2810:Chapter 96. Nobility ( 2798:Chapter 95. Medicine ( 2786:Chapter 94. Gambling ( 2558:Chapter 75. The Fort ( 2546:Chapter 74. The Land ( 2501:மன்னரைச் சேர்ந்தொழுதல் 2426:Chapter 64. Ministry ( 2205:periyārait tuṇaikkōṭal 2201:பெரியாரைத் துணைக்கோடல் 2138:Chapter 40. Learning ( 1449: 1241: 1110: 1064: 986:Murray Barnson Emeneau 957:Somasundara Bharathiar 893:(the falseless word), 850:, the other one being 517:Tiṇaimālai Nūṟṟaimpatu 294:Eighteen Greater Texts 243:This article contains 166:(c. 500 CE or earlier) 71: 32:Kural (disambiguation) 25892:Tamil Jain literature 25655:Escape from Affluenza 25232:Intentional community 25088:Philosophy of history 25078:Philosophy of culture 24973:A Conflict of Visions 22351:The Methods of Ethics 21589:Divine command theory 21584:Ideal observer theory 20989:Isa Chandra Moskowitz 20742:Russell Thacher Trall 20707:Johan Lindström Saxon 20397:Lucius Duncan Bulkley 19703:Animal (De)liberation 19487:Why I Am a Vegetarian 18754:Ethics of eating meat 18142:K. M. Balasubramaniam 17911:Saravanaperumal Aiyar 17063:Musicacademymadras.in 15406:10.1353/pew.2006.0051 15081:John Lazarus (1885). 15047:. Chennai: EastWest. 14735:K. Veeramani (2015). 14545:. Chennai: Iraiyagam. 14521:Ramasamy, V. (2001). 14382:M. S. Pillai (1994). 14237:S. Maharajan (2017). 14138:Thamizhannal (2004). 13943:T. N. Hajela (2008). 13634:Flood, Gavin (2004). 13612:See original text in 13527:V. O. C. Pillai (Ed.) 13339:Monier-Williams, 2002 12158:, pp. xviii–xxi. 12082:Balasubramanian, 2016 11970:Siromoney et al. 1976 11356:Balasubramanian, 2016 10876:, pp. 4341–4342. 10798:, pp. 10–11, 96. 10621:Kowmareeshwari, 2012b 10539:, pp. 29–31, 44. 9197:Kowmareeshwari, 2012a 9068:, pp. 4333–4334. 8128:Philosophy portal 7841:Japanese Confucianism 7110:East Asian Mādhyamaka 7059:Military and Strategy 6286:Svabhavika Bhedabheda 6266:Achintya Bheda Abheda 5974:Svabhavika Bhedabheda 5967:Achintya Bheda Abheda 5525: 5464:non-violence movement 5415:, and shunning meat. 5350: 5334:Alexander Piatigorsky 5258: 5117: 5022:Temples and memorials 4924: 4856: 4733: 4711:Alexander Piatigorsky 4342: 4188:palm-leaf manuscripts 4177: 4122:Herbert Arthur Popley 4102: 4034:K. M. Balasubramaniam 3914: 3897:Tirukkural Thelivurai 3849:U. V. Swaminatha Iyer 3790:— S. Maharajan, 1979. 3783: 3713: 3638: 3593: 3450: 3296: 3045:Chapter 115. Rumour ( 2745:periyāraip piḻaiyāmai 2505:maṉṉaraic cērntoḻutal 1971:Chapter 27. Penance ( 1574:encompasses both the 1477:(love) has 250. Each 1445: 1231: 1104: 1058: 1034:Tamil Nadu government 947:Dating the Tirukkural 927:Eighteen Lesser Texts 754:Alexander Piatigorsky 456:Eighteen Lesser Texts 114:Eighteen Lesser Texts 25779:Front Porch Republic 25769:Ecological footprint 25589:Modern-day adherents 25093:Political philosophy 24893:Democracy in America 23177:Brihadratha Ikshvaku 23014:Sarvadarsanasangraha 22791:Acintya bheda abheda 22468:Political philosophy 21130:Moosewood Restaurant 20979:Moosewood Collective 20894:Crescent Dragonwagon 20802:Kathleen Keen Zolber 20597:Jacques de Marquette 20457:James Elmslie Duncan 20317:Bertrand P. Allinson 19551:Living the Good Life 19439:Fruits and Farinacea 19342:World Vegetarian Day 19292:ProVeg International 18680:Fictional characters 18418:Impact of Tirukkural 18387:Thiruvalluvar Statue 18111:S. N. Sriramadesikan 18103:Tarlochan Singh Bedi 18061:G. Balakrishnan Nair 18053:Suresh Gundu Amonkar 17966:V. R. Nedunchezhiyan 17916:K. Vadivelu Chettiar 17208:Diaz, S. M. (2000). 16994:Mahadevan, Iravatham 16867:"Kural – Uttaraveda" 16614:. Kasturi & Sons 16593:. Kasturi & Sons 16522:TNN (26 July 2017). 16509:. Kasturi & Sons 16446:. Kasturi & Sons 16198:. Kasturi & Sons 15871:. Kasturi & Sons 15379:(2018–19): 101–108. 15253:Modern Asian Studies 14998:P. Sensarma (1981). 14886:Kaushik Roy (2012). 14659:Kural (Tiruvalluvar) 14638:Kural (Tiruvalluvar) 14550:N. Sanjeevi (2006). 14455:Glory of Thirukkural 14271:. Orient Blackswan. 14101:அகநானூறு, புறநானூறு 13858:வள்ளுவரும் கம்பரும் 13841:. Orient Blackswan. 13768:A. Arumugam (2014). 13426:Iraikkuruvanar, 2009 13414:Polilan et al., 2019 13305:, pp. 187, 200. 13219:Iraikkuruvanar, 2009 13180:Parimelalhagar, 2009 12487:Venkatasubramanian, 12383:Iraikkuruvanar, 2009 12294:Polilan et al., 2019 12282:Polilan et al., 2019 12270:Polilan et al., 2019 11907:R Parthasarathy 1993 11598:, pp. xxi–xxii. 11368:Nedunchezhiyan, 1991 11200:, pp. 307, 452. 11164:, pp. 269, 325. 11061:K. V. Nagarajan 2005 11049:K. V. Nagarajan 2005 10992:K. V. Nagarajan 2005 10956:K. V. Nagarajan 2005 10713:K. V. Nagarajan 2005 10647:, pp. Verse 37. 10611:, pp. Verse 34. 10549:Gopalakrishnan, 2012 10537:Gopalakrishnan, 2012 10359:Gopalakrishnan, 2012 10012:K. V. Nagarajan 2005 9182:Nedunchezhiyan, 1991 8901:Krishnamoorthy, 2004 8224:The Smile of Murugan 6611:Principal Upanishads 6276:Chaitanya Mahaprabhu 5603:(Seven fundamentals) 5338:A. P. J. Abdul Kalam 5131:Periya Kalayamputhur 4908:Madurai Somasundaram 4652:University of London 4611:Impact of Tirukkural 4217:along with those of 4070:S. N. Sriramadesikan 4038:Shuddhananda Bharati 3990:in 1794 and then by 3937:University of Madras 3853:K. Vadivelu Chettiar 3799:. It was written by 3321:verse attributed to 3136:kaṉavunilaiyuraittal 3024:காதற் சிறப்புரைத்தல் 3016:nalampuṉainturaittal 3012:நலம் புனைந்துரைத்தல் 2882:Chapter 102. Shame ( 2822:Chapter 97. Honour ( 2378:Chapter 60. Energy ( 1923:Chapter 23. Giving ( 1642:Outline of the Kural 933:, known in Tamil as 877:(the sacred kural), 94:list of translations 30:For other uses, see 25917:Public domain books 25846:Work–life interface 25729:Anarcho-primitivism 25570:Henry David Thoreau 25454:Open Source Ecology 24933:One-Dimensional Man 23237:Dayananda Saraswati 22811:Nimbarka Sampradaya 22735:Buddhist philosophy 22438:Evolutionary ethics 22399:Reasons and Persons 22375:A Theory of Justice 21529:Uncertain sentience 21247:List of vegan media 21176:Cranks (restaurant) 20974:Joanne Lee Molinaro 20944:Frances Moore Lappé 20732:William O. Stephens 20727:Ernest Lester Smith 20717:Richard H. Schwartz 20702:Henry Stephens Salt 20692:Ulma Doyle Register 20622:Harry Willis Miller 20602:Alice Garrett Marsh 20552:John Harvey Kellogg 20206:James E. McWilliams 19971:The Animals' Agenda 18953:Microbial cellulose 18928:Gelatin substitutes 18891:Chicken fillet roll 18619:Lacto vegetarianism 18413:A Letter to a Hindu 18356:Thiruvalluvar Award 17217:Kural Kanda Vaazhvu 17065:. The Music Academy 16873:. Ahimsa Foundation 15821:PTI (3 July 2020). 15045:Madras Rediscovered 15009:Karl Graul (1856). 14979:P. V. Kane (2015). 14970:Entry "bhasya", In: 14571:Hinduism and Nature 14491:Das, G. N. (1997). 14453:M. Rajaram (2015). 14444:M. Rajaram (2009). 14403:G. U. Pope (1886). 14190:. Sahitya Akademi. 14184:Lal, Mohan (1992). 13779:திருக்குறள் பேரொளி 13542:C. Meiyyappan (Ed.) 13416:, pp. 776–778. 13375:R. G. Rajaram, 2015 13317:, pp. 254–258. 13281:, pp. 604–617. 13209:, pp. 169–171. 13182:, pp. 314–324. 13158:, pp. 856–889. 12865:, pp. 110–111. 12751:, pp. 124–125. 12445:, pp. 326–348. 12409:, pp. 362–366. 12395:IndianRailInfo, n.d 12321:Sriram Sharma, 2018 12296:, pp. 774–784. 12084:, pp. 104–111. 12044:, pp. 901–902. 12020:, pp. 135–136. 11909:, pp. 347–348. 11768:, pp. 449–457. 11756:, pp. 549–554. 11380:Iraikuruvanar, 2009 11265:, pp. 337–338. 11236:, pp. 384–385. 11128:, pp. 330–331. 11116:, pp. 109–111. 11075:, pp. 124–126. 11063:, pp. 124–126. 11051:, pp. 124–125. 11032:Ananthanathan, 1994 10994:, pp. 126–127. 10970:, pp. 162–174. 10958:, pp. 125–127. 10915:, pp. 162–163. 10786:, pp. 193–195. 10774:, pp. 403–408. 10772:Sundaramurthi, 2000 10725:Ananthanathan, 1994 10715:, pp. 124–130. 10676:, pp. 200–205. 10330:, pp. 346–348. 10313:, pp. 344–345. 10289:, pp. 342–343. 10178:, pp. 158–163. 10153:, pp. 158–160. 10134:, 22 September 2005 10096:, pp. 119–121. 10051:Srinivasachari 1949 10014:, pp. 123–124. 9986:, pp. vii–xvi. 9916:, pp. 392–393. 9853:, pp. 155–156. 9781:, pp. 464–465. 9754:, pp. 145–148. 9740:Ananthanathan, 1994 9691:, pp. 463–464. 9567:, pp. 128–130. 9543:, pp. 120–125. 9522:, pp. 459–464. 9510:, pp. 460–464. 9483:, pp. 124–125. 9471:, pp. 458–464. 9456:, pp. 456–457. 9257:, pp. 170–171. 9093:Sundaramurthi, 2000 9043:, pp. 151–154. 9031:, pp. 151–154. 9029:Ananthanathan, 1994 9007:, pp. 160–163. 8990:, pp. 127–129. 8956:, pp. 156–171. 8903:, pp. 206–208. 8869:Thani Nayagam, 1971 8737:, pp. 157–158. 8725:, pp. 449–482. 8681:, pp. 156–168. 8592:..றாச் செல்லா நின்ற 7990:Korean Confucianism 7466:Nāstika (heterodox) 6119:Raghunatha Siromani 5646:Siddhasena Divākara 5460:A Letter to a Hindu 5424:Indian Independence 5318:Francis Whyte Ellis 5270:Seethalai Satthanar 5139:Kanjoor Thattanpady 5012:Indian armed forces 4937:Francis Whyte Ellis 4928:of Valluvar at the 4562:Analects of Chinese 4227:Francis Whyte Ellis 3992:Francis Whyte Ellis 3560:Gopalkrishna Gandhi 3516:alcohol consumption 3400:Syracuse University 3216:புணர்ச்சி விதும்பல் 3192:அவர்வயின் விதும்பல் 3124:niṉaintavarpulampal 3120:நினைந்தவர் புலம்பல் 3072:படர் மெலிந்திரங்கல் 3036:நாணுத் துறவுரைத்தல் 3028:kātaṟciṟappuraittal 2741:பெரியாரைப் பிழையாமை 2666:Chapter 84. Folly ( 2366:Chapter 59. Spies ( 1738:putalvaraip peṟutal 1726:vāḻkkaittuṇai nalam 1722:வாழ்க்கைத்துணை நலம் 1374: Inbam (18.8%) 1368: Poruḷ (52.6%) 1218:Kunda Kunda Acharya 1209:moral vegetarianism 1205:Francis Whyte Ellis 1132:S. Vaiyapuri Pillai 977:S. Vaiyapuri Pillai 905:(the common Veda), 901:(the divine book), 897:(truthful praise), 702:moral vegetarianism 448:Ancient Tamil music 364:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai 67:Original title 41: 25804:Intentional living 25690:Small Is Beautiful 25565:George Skene Keith 25413:Tolstoyan movement 25312:War tax resistance 25292:Sustainable living 25053:Cultural pessimism 25048:Cultural criticism 23947:National character 22848:Pashupata Shaivism 22678:Pashupata Shaivism 22433:Ethics in religion 22428:Descriptive ethics 22263:Nicomachean Ethics 21201:New Riverside Cafe 21191:Lentil as Anything 21169:Former restaurants 21105:Crossroads Kitchen 21029:Alicia Silverstone 20964:Hetty Lui McKinnon 20914:Carol Lee Flinders 20772:Severin Wielobycki 20472:Charles W. Forward 20327:Charles R. Attwood 20101:Caldwell Esselstyn 19607:Moosewood Cookbook 19455:The Ethics of Diet 19317:Vegetarian Society 19287:ProVeg Deutschland 18408:Tiruvalluva Maalai 18351:Kural Peedam Award 18305:Takanobu Takahashi 18152:William Henry Drew 18082:Soibam Rebika Devi 18035:B. M. Srikanthaiah 18017:Kantilal L. Kalani 17931:Ramanuja Kavirayar 17921:Kaviraja Pandithar 16782:on 1 February 2016 16734:The Times of India 16549:The Times of India 16528:The Times of India 16486:The Times of India 16402:The Times of India 16341:Business Economics 15974:. Bennett, Coleman 15972:The Economic Times 15930:The Times of India 15764:The Times of India 15637:(5): 62551–62553. 15574:Australian Outlook 15297:Business Economics 14937:Vanmeegar (2012). 13908:. Penguin/Viking. 13712:Anonymous (1999). 13687:Ethical Leadership 13565:Seethalai Sāthanār 13193:Business Economics 13117:, 14 February 2015 13069:The Times of India 13034:The Times of India 12849:The Times of India 12809:The Times of India 12765:, 15 November 2019 12728:The Times of India 12651:Business Economics 12555:, 4 September 2006 12539:, 20 November 2014 12473:The Times of India 12248:, pp. 96–112. 12070:, 23 December 2018 11946:Manakkudavar, 1917 10944:, 12 December 2015 10551:, pp. 49, 54. 10342:The Times of India 10132:The Economic Times 9953:, 22 February 2021 9803:Manninezhath, 1993 9701:Chakravarthy, 1953 9324:Thamizhannal, 2004 9081:Thamizhannal, 2004 7442:Gangesha Upadhyaya 7178:Four Tenets system 6819:Eastern philosophy 5527: 5481:Eastern philosophy 5420:British government 5389:Jivaka Chinthamani 5353: 5294:Ramalinga Swamigal 5261: 5225:statue of Valluvar 5123: 5083:, in honor of the 5004:cruelty to animals 4951:Thirukural Express 4933: 4912:Sanjay Subramanian 4863: 4849:In popular culture 4782:President of India 4668:Tiruvalluva Maalai 4360:Manavadharmasastra 4345: 4306:K. Ponnusami Nadar 4251:Tiruvalluva Maalai 4180: 4109: 4066:Kasturi Srinivasan 4050:C. Rajagopalachari 4012:Ramanuja Kavirayar 3921: 3845:Kaviraja Pandithar 3834:Ramanuja Kavirayar 3719: 3648: 3495:Takanobu Takahashi 3428:pragmatic idealism 3319:Tiruvalluva Maalai 3307: 3204:குறிப்பறிவுறுத்தல் 3100:pacappaṟuparuvaral 3076:paṭarmelintiraṅkal 3040:nāṇuttuṟavuraittal 3000:புணர்ச்சி மகிழ்தல் 2980:takaiyaṇaṅkuṟuttal 2721:pakaittiṟanterital 2285:தெரிந்து வினையாடல் 1935:Chapter 24. Fame ( 1834:piṟaṉil viḻaiyāmai 1782:செய்ந்நன்றி அறிதல் 1734:புதல்வரைப் பெறுதல் 1362: Aṟam (28.6%) 1128:Mu Raghava Iyengar 1111: 1095:Tiruvalluva Maalai 1092:text known as the 1007:Manavadharmasastra 738:Ramalinga Swamigal 405:Perumpāṇāṟṟuppaṭai 79:Working title 39: 25877:Sangam literature 25854: 25853: 25814:Rainbow Gathering 25683:The Power of Half 25676:Mother Earth News 25495:Ernest Callenbach 25427:Secular movements 25134: 25133: 24850: 24849: 23995:Spontaneous order 23985:Social alienation 23834:Cultural heritage 23795:Social philosophy 23761: 23760: 23613:Pratītyasamutpāda 22774: 22773: 22555:Indian philosophy 22521: 22520: 22488:Social philosophy 22473:Population ethics 22463:Philosophy of law 22443:History of ethics 21926:Political freedom 21603:Euthyphro dilemma 21394:Suffering-focused 21314: 21313: 21115:Greens Restaurant 20994:Bawa Muhaiyaddeen 20864:Suzy Amis Cameron 20854:Edward Espe Brown 20849:Martha Brotherton 20810: 20809: 20747:Frederick Towgood 20712:James Scholefield 20652:R. E. O'Callaghan 20477:Michael Allen Fox 20452:Daniel Dombrowski 20357:George Bedborough 20342:Horace A. Barrows 20307:Phyllis B. Acosta 20201:John A. McDougall 20156:Avery Yale Kamila 20106:Gary L. Francione 20061:T. Colin Campbell 20011:Suzanne M. Babich 19908:The Game Changers 19852:Live and Let Live 19836:Forks Over Knives 19796:Peaceable Kingdom 19788:Post Punk Kitchen 19772:A Cow at My Table 19719:Vegetable Kingdom 19447:The Pleasure Boat 19431:Nature's Own Book 19399:Vegetable Cookery 19350: 19349: 19179:The Vegan Society 18992:Nutritional yeast 18872: 18871: 18708: 18707: 18629:Ovo vegetarianism 18576:Vegan school meal 18468: 18467: 18334: 18333: 18292:Albert Schweitzer 18287:Friedrich Rückert 18230:Kamil V. Zvelebil 18177:George Uglow Pope 17989: 17988: 17956:Namakkal Kavignar 17906:Vedagiri Mudaliar 17526:Valluvar (author) 17091:Missing or empty 17023:The Vegan Indians 16800:The Hindu (Tamil) 16097:Business Standard 15437:(39): 2091–2098. 15279:on 3 October 2008 15087:. W.P. Chettiar. 14680:The Bhagavad-gītā 14662:. Penguin Books. 14641:. Penguin Books. 14124:978-81-7022-961-2 14109:Parel, Anthony J. 13936:Tiruvalluvar 2050 13604:George Uglow Pope 13474:ta:திருவள்ளுவமாலை 13428:, pp. 90–91. 13353:, pp. 55–94. 13329:, pp. 91–92. 13269:, pp. 68–70. 13257:, pp. 85–89. 13233:, pp. 26–27. 13010:, pp. 71–72. 12998:, pp. 10–16. 12950:, pp. 39–42. 12920:, pp. 50–55. 12863:Vedanayagam, 2017 12823:Vedanayagam, 2017 12811:, 9 November 2019 12730:, 1 February 2020 12714:, 31 January 2020 12699:, 31 January 2020 12666:Business Standard 12622:, 1 February 2021 12606:, 2 February 2020 12587:, 1 February 2020 12385:, pp. 89–90. 12323:, pp. 41–42. 12195:Pyatigorsky, n.d. 12185:, pp. 16–30. 12183:Jagannathan, 2014 12170:, pp. 27–46. 12008:, pp. 58–59. 11996:, pp. 15–16. 11934:John Lazarus 1885 11795:, pp. 44–49. 11676:, pp. 19–20. 11662:, 20 October 2021 11562:, pp. 92–95. 11550:, pp. 30–31. 11538:, pp. 28–47. 11439:, 18 October 2015 11394:, pp. 15–16. 11382:, pp. 53–59. 11152:, pp. 35–36. 11150:Sethupillai, 1956 11020:John Lazarus 1885 11008:, 1 February 2020 10982:, pp. 40–42. 10913:Jagannathan, 2014 10891:, pp. 34–36. 10889:Sethupillai, 1956 10659:, pp. ix–xi. 10657:Visveswaran, 2016 10623:, pp. 46–47. 10587:, pp. 10–12. 10408:, pp. 12–13. 10374:, 16 January 2014 10372:The Hindu (Tamil) 10344:, 1 November 2021 10217:, pp. 32–33. 10215:Jagannathan, 2014 10038:, pp. 77–78. 9969:, 5 February 2024 9897:, pp. 91–92. 9805:, pp. 78–79. 9495:, pp. 24–26. 9442:, 6 November 2019 9339:, 16 January 2020 9314:, pp. 5, 15. 9223:, pp. 53–54. 9199:, pp. iv–vi. 8935:, pp. 11–12. 8162: 8161: 7788:Japanese Buddhism 7757:Pratītyasamutpāda 7241:Āstika (orthodox) 7183:Rangtong-Shentong 6804: 6803: 6536: 6535: 6532: 6531: 5894: 5893: 5838: 5837: 5750: 5749: 5428:Madras High Court 5326:George Uglow Pope 5290:Albert Schweitzer 4992:Nirmala Sitaraman 4898:concerts include 4876:Indian Parliament 4827:Namakkal district 4720:Albert Schweitzer 4558:Confucian sayings 4358:(also called the 4321:Vatteluttu script 4300:was published by 4294:Vedagiri Mudaliar 4231:Madras Presidency 4142:பிறவிப்பெருங்கடல் 4020:George Uglow Pope 3877:Namakkal Kavignar 3488:Albert Schweitzer 3228:நெஞ்சொடு புலத்தல் 3208:kuṟippaṟivuṟuttal 3196:avarvayiṉvitumpal 3168:நெஞ்சொடு கிளத்தல் 3160:uṟuppunalaṉaḻital 3148:poḻutukaṇṭiraṅkal 3144:பொழுதுகண்டிரங்கல் 3132:கனவுநிலையுரைத்தல் 2873:நன்றியில் செல்வம் 2717:பகைத்திறந்தெரிதல் 2349:veruvantaceyyāmai 2345:வெருவந்த செய்யாமை 2289:terintuviṉaiyāṭal 2229:terintuceyalvakai 2225:தெரிந்து செயல்வகை 1894:payaṉila collāmai 1702:aṟaṉ valiyuṟuttal 1698:அறன் வலியுறுத்தல் 1329:Ulaga Podhu Marai 1170:George Uglow Pope 1038:Maraimalai Adigal 1005:(also called the 935:Patiṉeṇkīḻkaṇakku 931:late Sangam works 915:Tiruvalluva Payan 750:George Uglow Pope 734:Albert Schweitzer 634: 612: 611: 608: 572:Bhakti Literature 505:Tiṉaimoḻi Aimpatu 417:Ciṟupāṇāṟṟuppaṭai 412:Poruṇarāṟṟuppaṭai 302:Eight Anthologies 274:Sangam literature 267:Sangam literature 251:rendering support 231: 230: 181:Publication place 141:love and pleasure 16:(Redirected from 25924: 25912:Philosophy books 25882:Tamil philosophy 25754:Critique of work 25734:Anti-consumerism 25601:Robin Greenfield 25560:E. F. Schumacher 25500:G. K. Chesterton 25434:Back-to-the-land 25272:Self-sufficiency 25212:Forest gardening 25161: 25154: 25147: 25138: 25137: 25098:Social criticism 25018: 25008: 24998: 24988: 24978: 24968: 24958: 24948: 24938: 24928: 24918: 24908: 24898: 24888: 24878: 24868: 24104: 24103: 24086:Frankfurt School 24064:Communitarianism 24027: 23981: 23967: 23788: 23781: 23774: 23765: 23764: 23267:Satyakama Jabala 23202:Akshapada Gotama 23152:Gārgī Vāchaknavī 23132:Vāchaspati Misra 22990:Nyayakusumanjali 22924:Bhagavata Purana 22881:Radical Humanism 22853:Shaiva Siddhanta 22622: 22621: 22594:Vedic philosophy 22548: 22541: 22534: 22525: 22524: 22511: 22510: 22458:Moral psychology 22403: 22395: 22387: 22383:Practical Ethics 22379: 22371: 22367:Principia Ethica 22363: 22355: 22347: 22339: 22331: 22323: 22315: 22307: 22299: 22291: 22283: 22275: 22271:Ethics (Spinoza) 22267: 21906:Moral imperative 21364:Consequentialism 21341: 21334: 21327: 21318: 21317: 21287:Planetary health 21277:Sustainable diet 21267:Plant-based diet 21206:Nix (restaurant) 21120:Hiltl Restaurant 21064:Umberto Veronesi 21034:Hannah Sunderani 21009:Mathew Pritchard 20969:Tracye McQuirter 20879:Chloe Coscarelli 20817:cookbook authors 20762:Emil Weilshäuser 20632:Reuben D. Mussey 20612:William Metcalfe 20532:Philippe Hecquet 20447:Daniël de Clercq 20347:Geoffrey Barstow 20291:Sophie Zaïkowska 20181:Thomas Lepeltier 20136:A. Breeze Harper 20091:George Dornbusch 20056:Jodey Castricano 19991: 19990: 19957:Vegetarian Times 19900:Eating You Alive 19868:PlantPure Nation 19756:The Animals Film 19599:Laurel's Kitchen 19535:A Fleshless Diet 19297:ProVeg Nederland 19107: 19106: 19052:Vegetarian bacon 18965:Meat alternative 18717: 18716: 18517: 18516: 18495: 18488: 18481: 18472: 18471: 18456: 18455: 18444: 18443: 18313:Constanzo Beschi 18202:G. Vanmikanathan 18162:N. E. Kindersley 18157:Charles E. Gover 18090:Chittaranjan Das 18000: 17999: 17981:Solomon Pappaiah 17971:Devaneya Pavanar 17833: 17832: 17819:Pulaal marutthal 17558: 17505: 17498: 17491: 17482: 17481: 17473: 17472: 17461: 17460: 17459: 17449: 17448: 17447: 17437: 17436: 17425: 17424: 17423: 17416: 17398: 17397: 17393: 17253:. Mumbai: Giri, 17168: 17162: 17160: 17143: 17141: 17139: 17132:Indian Rail Info 17123: 17118: 17116: 17100: 17094: 17089: 17087: 17079: 17074: 17072: 17070: 17053: 17051: 17049: 17033: 17031: 17029: 17013: 17011: 17009: 16989: 16987: 16985: 16970: 16968: 16966: 16951: 16949: 16947: 16931: 16929: 16927: 16918:. Archived from 16906: 16904: 16902: 16886: 16880: 16878: 16861: 16859: 16857: 16832: 16830: 16828: 16811: 16809: 16807: 16791: 16789: 16787: 16765: 16763: 16761: 16745: 16743: 16741: 16724: 16722: 16720: 16704: 16702: 16700: 16684: 16682: 16680: 16664: 16662: 16660: 16644: 16642: 16640: 16623: 16621: 16619: 16602: 16600: 16598: 16581: 16579: 16577: 16560: 16558: 16556: 16539: 16537: 16535: 16518: 16516: 16514: 16497: 16495: 16493: 16476: 16474: 16472: 16455: 16453: 16451: 16434: 16432: 16430: 16413: 16411: 16409: 16393: 16391: 16389: 16373: 16371: 16369: 16352: 16350: 16348: 16332: 16330: 16328: 16311: 16309: 16307: 16291: 16289: 16287: 16270: 16268: 16266: 16249: 16247: 16245: 16228: 16226: 16224: 16207: 16205: 16203: 16186: 16177: 16175: 16173: 16149: 16147: 16145: 16129: 16127: 16125: 16108: 16106: 16104: 16087: 16085: 16083: 16066: 16064: 16062: 16045: 16043: 16041: 16025: 16023: 16021: 16004: 16002: 16000: 15983: 15981: 15979: 15962: 15960: 15958: 15941: 15939: 15937: 15921: 15919: 15917: 15900: 15898: 15896: 15880: 15878: 15876: 15859: 15857: 15855: 15838: 15836: 15834: 15817: 15815: 15813: 15796: 15794: 15792: 15775: 15773: 15771: 15754: 15753: 15751: 15726: 15724: 15722: 15701: 15695: 15690: 15688: 15680: 15675: 15669: 15661: 15659: 15657: 15628: 15618: 15597: 15568: 15559: 15542: 15509: 15496: 15467: 15446: 15425: 15388: 15367: 15338: 15336: 15334: 15313: 15300: 15288: 15286: 15284: 15275:. Archived from 15243: 15226: 15217:(2/4): 315–326. 15205: 15203: 15201: 15187: 15168: 15149: 15132:A Compendium of 15126: 15107: 15098: 15077: 15058: 15036: 15025: 15016: 15005: 14994: 14975: 14963: 14942: 14933: 14924: 14903: 14882: 14867: 14846: 14844: 14842: 14825:Tamil Literature 14818: 14804:Tamil Literature 14797: 14795: 14793: 14769: 14750: 14731: 14722: 14713: 14694: 14673: 14652: 14631: 14622: 14603: 14594: 14585: 14564: 14555: 14546: 14537: 14526: 14517: 14508: 14487: 14468: 14449: 14440: 14431: 14427:The Sacred Kural 14420: 14399: 14385:Tamil literature 14378: 14369: 14360: 14354: 14346: 14337: 14316: 14307: 14298: 14289: 14287: 14285: 14261: 14252: 14233: 14224: 14215: 14213: 14208:Tamil Literature 14201: 14180: 14171: 14169: 14167: 14143: 14134: 14133: 14131: 14104: 14095: 14086: 14067: 14046: 14037: 14016: 14007: 13988: 13969: 13960: 13939: 13930: 13919: 13898: 13889: 13887: 13885: 13861: 13852: 13831: 13820: 13811: 13792: 13773: 13764: 13755: 13752:உரையாசிரியர்கள் 13746: 13737: 13728: 13717: 13708: 13681: 13660: 13651: 13611: 13602:. Translated by 13601: 13561: 13546: 13531: 13488: 13478: 13454: 13429: 13423: 13417: 13411: 13402: 13396: 13390: 13384: 13378: 13372: 13366: 13360: 13354: 13348: 13342: 13336: 13330: 13324: 13318: 13312: 13306: 13300: 13294: 13288: 13282: 13276: 13270: 13264: 13258: 13252: 13246: 13240: 13234: 13228: 13222: 13216: 13210: 13204: 13198: 13189: 13183: 13177: 13171: 13165: 13159: 13153: 13144: 13141:Sivagnanam, 1974 13138: 13132: 13126: 13120: 13110: 13104: 13095: 13089: 13080: 13074: 13064: 13055: 13045: 13039: 13029: 13023: 13017: 13011: 13005: 12999: 12993: 12987: 12981: 12975: 12969: 12963: 12957: 12951: 12948:Subbaraman, 2015 12945: 12936: 12930: 12921: 12915: 12909: 12903: 12897: 12894:, 2 January 2000 12888: 12882: 12872: 12866: 12860: 12854: 12844: 12838: 12832: 12826: 12820: 12814: 12805: 12799: 12789: 12780: 12774: 12768: 12758: 12752: 12746: 12733: 12723: 12717: 12708: 12702: 12693: 12687: 12677: 12671: 12662: 12656: 12647: 12641: 12631: 12625: 12615: 12609: 12599: 12590: 12580: 12574: 12564: 12558: 12548: 12542: 12535:Krishnamachari, 12532: 12526: 12523:, 26 August 2016 12516: 12510: 12503:Venkataramanan, 12500: 12494: 12484: 12478: 12468: 12462: 12459:, 11 August 2020 12452: 12446: 12440: 12434: 12428: 12422: 12419:Periyannan, 2013 12416: 12410: 12404: 12398: 12392: 12386: 12380: 12374: 12365: 12359: 12353: 12347: 12337: 12324: 12318: 12309: 12303: 12297: 12291: 12285: 12279: 12273: 12267: 12261: 12255: 12249: 12243: 12237: 12231: 12222: 12216: 12210: 12204: 12198: 12192: 12186: 12180: 12171: 12168:Tamilarasu, 2014 12165: 12159: 12153: 12124: 12118: 12112: 12106: 12100: 12094: 12085: 12079: 12073: 12063: 12057: 12054:Kaushik Roy 2012 12051: 12045: 12039: 12033: 12027: 12021: 12015: 12009: 12003: 11997: 11991: 11985: 11979: 11973: 11967: 11961: 11955: 11949: 11943: 11937: 11931: 11925: 11919: 11910: 11904: 11898: 11892: 11886: 11883:, 3 October 2018 11876: 11863: 11857: 11848: 11842: 11836: 11826: 11820: 11814: 11808: 11802: 11796: 11790: 11781: 11775: 11769: 11763: 11757: 11751: 11740: 11737:, 25 August 2022 11731: 11725: 11719: 11713: 11707: 11701: 11695: 11689: 11683: 11677: 11671: 11665: 11656: 11650: 11641: 11635: 11629: 11623: 11617: 11611: 11605: 11599: 11593: 11587: 11581: 11575: 11569: 11563: 11557: 11551: 11545: 11539: 11533: 11527: 11521: 11512: 11506: 11500: 11494: 11485: 11479: 11473: 11467: 11458: 11455:, 2 October 2017 11448: 11442: 11432: 11426: 11423:, 3 October 2019 11416: 11410: 11407:Chellammal, 2015 11404: 11395: 11389: 11383: 11377: 11371: 11365: 11359: 11353: 11347: 11341: 11332: 11326: 11317: 11311: 11302: 11296: 11290: 11284: 11278: 11272: 11266: 11260: 11254: 11248: 11237: 11231: 11225: 11219: 11213: 11207: 11201: 11195: 11189: 11183: 11177: 11171: 11165: 11159: 11153: 11147: 11141: 11135: 11129: 11123: 11117: 11111: 11105: 11099: 11088: 11082: 11076: 11070: 11064: 11058: 11052: 11046: 11035: 11029: 11023: 11017: 11011: 11001: 10995: 10989: 10983: 10977: 10971: 10968:Subramaniam 1963 10965: 10959: 10953: 10947: 10937: 10928: 10922: 10916: 10910: 10904: 10898: 10892: 10886: 10877: 10871: 10865: 10859: 10850: 10844: 10835: 10829: 10823: 10817: 10811: 10805: 10799: 10796:Sivagnanam, 1974 10793: 10787: 10781: 10775: 10769: 10763: 10760:Sivagnanam, 1974 10757: 10751: 10748:Kaushik Roy 2012 10745: 10728: 10722: 10716: 10710: 10704: 10698: 10689: 10683: 10677: 10674:Schweitzer, 2013 10671: 10660: 10654: 10648: 10642: 10636: 10630: 10624: 10618: 10612: 10606: 10600: 10594: 10588: 10582: 10576: 10570: 10564: 10558: 10552: 10546: 10540: 10534: 10528: 10522: 10511: 10505: 10496: 10493:Chatterjee, 2021 10490: 10481: 10475: 10469: 10463: 10457: 10451: 10445: 10439: 10433: 10427: 10421: 10415: 10409: 10403: 10394: 10388: 10377: 10368: 10362: 10356: 10347: 10337: 10331: 10325: 10314: 10308: 10302: 10296: 10290: 10284: 10278: 10272: 10263: 10257: 10251: 10250:, pp. 4–17. 10248:Kumaravelan 2008 10245: 10230: 10224: 10218: 10212: 10206: 10200: 10194: 10188: 10179: 10173: 10154: 10148: 10137: 10130:Vijayaraghavan, 10127: 10121: 10115: 10109: 10103: 10097: 10091: 10078: 10072: 10066: 10060: 10054: 10048: 10039: 10033: 10027: 10021: 10015: 10009: 10003: 10000:, 14 August 2012 9993: 9987: 9981: 9972: 9962: 9956: 9947: 9941: 9935: 9929: 9923: 9917: 9911: 9898: 9892: 9875: 9869: 9854: 9848: 9842: 9836: 9830: 9824: 9818: 9812: 9806: 9800: 9794: 9788: 9782: 9776: 9770: 9764: 9755: 9749: 9743: 9737: 9728: 9722: 9716: 9710: 9704: 9698: 9692: 9686: 9680: 9674: 9663: 9657: 9648: 9642: 9633: 9630:Kaushik Roy 2012 9627: 9618: 9611:Schweitzer, 2013 9608: 9602: 9596: 9583: 9577: 9568: 9562: 9556: 9550: 9544: 9538: 9523: 9517: 9511: 9505: 9496: 9490: 9484: 9478: 9472: 9466: 9457: 9451: 9445: 9435: 9429: 9423: 9414: 9408: 9399: 9393: 9387: 9381: 9375: 9369: 9360: 9351: 9342: 9333: 9327: 9321: 9315: 9309: 9303: 9297: 9288: 9282: 9273: 9267: 9258: 9252: 9239: 9233: 9224: 9218: 9212: 9206: 9200: 9194: 9185: 9179: 9173: 9172:, pp. 7–16. 9167: 9161: 9158:Chellammal, 2015 9155: 9146: 9140: 9134: 9128: 9115: 9109: 9096: 9090: 9084: 9078: 9069: 9063: 9044: 9041:Kaushik Roy 2012 9038: 9032: 9026: 9020: 9014: 9008: 9002: 8991: 8985: 8974: 8968: 8957: 8951: 8936: 8930: 8921: 8915: 8904: 8898: 8887: 8881: 8872: 8866: 8857: 8851: 8842: 8836: 8827: 8821: 8815: 8809: 8786: 8780: 8767: 8761: 8750: 8744: 8738: 8732: 8726: 8720: 8709: 8703: 8697: 8691: 8682: 8676: 8670: 8669:, pp. 7–16. 8664: 8636: 8635: 8630: 8629: 8624: 8623: 8618: 8617: 8612: 8611: 8606: 8605: 8600: 8599: 8594: 8593: 8588: 8587: 8582: 8581: 8575: 8574: 8567: 8566: 8560: 8559: 8554: 8553: 8548: 8547: 8542: 8541: 8536: 8535: 8530: 8529: 8524: 8523: 8518: 8517: 8512: 8511: 8498: 8469: 8454: 8438: 8426: 8395: 8379: 8356:The doctrine of 8355: 8316: 8299: 8275: 8257: 8237: 8221: 8201: 8200: 8180: 8154: 8147: 8140: 8126: 8125: 8124: 8104:Minjung theology 7884:Motoori Norinaga 7563:Ātman (Buddhism) 7558:Ātman (Hinduism) 7484:Kashmir Shaivism 7249:Vedic philosophy 7134:Tibetan Buddhism 6953:New Confucianism 6928:Neo Confucianism 6922: 6910: 6806: 6805: 6796: 6789: 6782: 6635:Agama (Hinduism) 6623:Other scriptures 6616:Minor Upanishads 6462: 6461: 6331:Ekasarana Dharma 6175:Vāchaspati Misra 6095: 6094: 6011:Shaiva Siddhanta 5988:Ekasarana Dharma 5851: 5850: 5788: 5787: 5775: 5765:Hindu philosophy 5752: 5751: 5742: 5735: 5728: 5704:Champat Rai Jain 5589: 5502: 5501: 5322:Charles E. Gover 5229:Indian peninsula 5043: 5034: 4871:Jain communities 4741: 4740:— Mahatma Gandhi 4632: 4623: 4535:Book of Proverbs 4505:World literature 4437:Tiruvalluvamalai 4243:Madurai district 4144: 4143: 4138: 4137: 4062:G. Vanmikanathan 4000:The Tamil Wisdom 3996:E. J. Robinson's 3988:N. E. Kindersley 3893:Solomon Pappaiah 3885:Devaneya Pavanar 3791: 3723:Tamil literature 3605: 3462: 3266: 3265: 3254: 3253: 3242: 3241: 3230: 3229: 3220:puṇarccivitumpal 3218: 3217: 3206: 3205: 3194: 3193: 3182: 3181: 3170: 3169: 3158: 3157: 3156:உறுப்பு நலனழிதல் 3146: 3145: 3134: 3133: 3122: 3121: 3112:taṉippaṭarmikuti 3110: 3109: 3108:தனிப்படர் மிகுதி 3098: 3097: 3086: 3085: 3074: 3073: 3062: 3061: 3050: 3049: 3038: 3037: 3026: 3025: 3014: 3013: 3004:puṇarccimakiḻtal 3002: 3001: 2990: 2989: 2978: 2977: 2976:தகையணங்குறுத்தல் 2959: 2958: 2947: 2946: 2935: 2934: 2923: 2922: 2911: 2910: 2899: 2898: 2887: 2886: 2875: 2874: 2863: 2862: 2851: 2850: 2839: 2838: 2827: 2826: 2815: 2814: 2803: 2802: 2791: 2790: 2779: 2778: 2767: 2766: 2755: 2754: 2743: 2742: 2731: 2730: 2719: 2718: 2707: 2706: 2695: 2694: 2683: 2682: 2671: 2670: 2659: 2658: 2647: 2646: 2635: 2634: 2623: 2622: 2611: 2610: 2599: 2598: 2587: 2586: 2575: 2574: 2563: 2562: 2551: 2550: 2539: 2538: 2527: 2526: 2515: 2514: 2503: 2502: 2491: 2490: 2479: 2478: 2467: 2466: 2455: 2454: 2443: 2442: 2431: 2430: 2421:iṭukkaṇ aḻiyāmai 2419: 2418: 2417:இடுக்கண் அழியாமை 2407: 2406: 2395: 2394: 2383: 2382: 2371: 2370: 2359: 2358: 2347: 2346: 2335: 2334: 2323: 2322: 2311: 2310: 2299: 2298: 2287: 2286: 2275: 2274: 2273:தெரிந்து தெளிதல் 2263: 2262: 2251: 2250: 2239: 2238: 2227: 2226: 2215: 2214: 2203: 2202: 2191: 2190: 2179: 2178: 2167: 2166: 2155: 2154: 2143: 2142: 2131: 2130: 2108: 2107: 2096: 2095: 2084: 2083: 2072: 2071: 2060: 2059: 2048: 2047: 2036: 2035: 2024: 2023: 2012: 2011: 2000: 1999: 1988: 1987: 1976: 1975: 1964: 1963: 1952: 1951: 1940: 1939: 1928: 1927: 1916: 1915: 1904: 1903: 1892: 1891: 1880: 1879: 1868: 1867: 1856: 1855: 1844: 1843: 1832: 1831: 1830:பிறனில் விழையாமை 1820: 1819: 1808: 1807: 1796: 1795: 1786:ceynnaṉṟi aṟital 1784: 1783: 1772: 1771: 1760: 1759: 1748: 1747: 1736: 1735: 1724: 1723: 1712: 1711: 1700: 1699: 1688: 1687: 1676: 1675: 1668:): Couplets 1–10 1664: 1663: 1546:, viz., virtue ( 1457: 1432: 1431: 1411: 1410: 1390: 1389: 1373: 1367: 1361: 1249: 1182:Christian ethics 1072: 865: 855: 845: 839: 833: 827: 821: 815: 809: 803: 797: 791: 766:Tamil literature 696:, it emphasizes 651: 629: 627: 604: 512:Aintinai Eḻupatu 500:Aintiṇai Aimpatu 493:Kaḷavaḻi Nāṟpatu 481:Iṉiyavai Nāṟpatu 436:Sangam landscape 262: 239: 238: 210: 209: 172:Publication date 129:and cosmic order 74: 49: 42: 38: 21: 25932: 25931: 25927: 25926: 25925: 25923: 25922: 25921: 25857: 25856: 25855: 25850: 25784:Green anarchism 25702: 25635: 25584: 25483:Notable writers 25478: 25474:Transition town 25422: 25378:New Monasticism 25321: 25170: 25165: 25135: 25130: 25117: 25043:Critical theory 25021: 25016: 25006: 24996: 24986: 24976: 24966: 24956: 24946: 24936: 24926: 24916: 24906: 24896: 24886: 24876: 24866: 24846: 24524: 24518: 24316: 24310: 24259: 24188: 24095: 24047:Budapest School 24035: 23824:Cosmopolitanism 23797: 23792: 23762: 23757: 23583:Parameshashakti 23291: 23227:Ramana Maharshi 23112:Kumārila Bhaṭṭa 23090: 23056:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra 23030:Tattvacintāmaṇi 22903:Abhinavabharati 22890: 22859: 22833:Sikh Philosophy 22821:Vishishtadvaita 22770: 22689: 22613: 22557: 22552: 22522: 22517: 22499: 22406: 22401: 22393: 22385: 22377: 22369: 22361: 22353: 22345: 22337: 22329: 22321: 22313: 22305: 22297: 22289: 22281: 22273: 22265: 22251: 22024: 22017: 21941:Self-discipline 21901:Moral hierarchy 21849:Problem of evil 21794:Double standard 21784:Culture of life 21742: 21671: 21618:Non-cognitivism 21533: 21408: 21350: 21345: 21315: 21310: 21230: 21221:The Hollow Reed 21211:Penny Cafeteria 21186:InSpiral Lounge 21164: 21083: 21024:Miyoko Schinner 20954:Linda McCartney 20949:Deborah Madison 20919:Alexis Gauthier 20834:Carleigh Bodrug 20816: 20806: 20792:Jon Wynne-Tyson 20777:Howard Williams 20657:Josiah Oldfield 20627:J. Howard Moore 20617:Eli Peck Miller 20572:W. R. C. Latson 20562:Daniel H. Kress 20502:Jeremiah Hacker 20462:Eknath Easwaran 20442:Lenna F. Cooper 20392:Ernest Bonnejoy 20352:Sidney H. Beard 20322:Thomas Allinson 20295: 20281:Corey Lee Wrenn 20276:Kim A. Williams 20046:Will Bulsiewicz 20021:Neal D. Barnard 19986: 19984: 19982: 19976: 19930: 19876:What the Health 19747:Films and shows 19741: 19647:The China Study 19519:The Meat Fetish 19374: 19372: 19366: 19346: 19265:Meatless Monday 19203: 19199:World Vegan Day 19099: 19091: 19062:Vegetarian mark 18878: 18868: 18788: 18704: 18658: 18585: 18508: 18499: 18469: 18464: 18432: 18396: 18372:Valluvar Kottam 18360: 18330: 18300:Shuzo Matsunaga 18218: 18211: 18207:Emmons E. White 18123: 18005: 17985: 17894: 17824: 17697:Naduvu nilaimai 17601: 17585: 17559: 17550: 17541:Dating the work 17514: 17509: 17479: 17467: 17457: 17455: 17445: 17443: 17431: 17421: 17419: 17411: 17395: 17391: 17382:Standard Ebooks 17360: 17355: 17176: 17174:Further reading 17171: 17158: 17156: 17137: 17135: 17121:THE HINDU KURAL 17114: 17112: 17092: 17090: 17081: 17080: 17068: 17066: 17047: 17045: 17027: 17025: 17007: 17005: 16983: 16981: 16964: 16962: 16945: 16943: 16925: 16923: 16922:on 6 March 2019 16900: 16898: 16876: 16874: 16855: 16853: 16840: 16835: 16826: 16824: 16805: 16803: 16785: 16783: 16759: 16757: 16739: 16737: 16718: 16716: 16698: 16696: 16678: 16676: 16658: 16656: 16653:Hindustan Times 16638: 16636: 16617: 16615: 16596: 16594: 16575: 16573: 16554: 16552: 16533: 16531: 16512: 16510: 16491: 16489: 16470: 16468: 16449: 16447: 16428: 16426: 16407: 16405: 16387: 16385: 16367: 16365: 16346: 16344: 16326: 16324: 16305: 16303: 16285: 16283: 16264: 16262: 16243: 16241: 16222: 16220: 16201: 16199: 16171: 16169: 16143: 16141: 16123: 16121: 16102: 16100: 16081: 16079: 16060: 16058: 16039: 16037: 16019: 16017: 15998: 15996: 15977: 15975: 15956: 15954: 15935: 15933: 15915: 15913: 15894: 15892: 15874: 15872: 15853: 15851: 15832: 15830: 15811: 15809: 15790: 15788: 15769: 15767: 15749: 15747: 15734: 15729: 15720: 15718: 15693: 15691: 15682: 15681: 15663: 15662: 15655: 15653: 15626: 15485:10.2307/1397274 15332: 15330: 15282: 15280: 15199: 15197: 15185: 15176: 15171: 15165: 15146: 15123: 15095: 15074: 15055: 14991: 14960: 14921: 14900: 14864: 14840: 14838: 14836: 14815: 14791: 14789: 14787: 14766: 14747: 14710: 14691: 14670: 14649: 14619: 14582: 14505: 14484: 14465: 14417: 14396: 14348: 14347: 14334: 14283: 14281: 14279: 14249: 14211: 14198: 14165: 14163: 14161: 14129: 14127: 14125: 14083: 14064: 14034: 14004: 13957: 13916: 13883: 13881: 13879: 13849: 13808: 13789: 13705: 13678: 13648: 13629: 13624: 13619: 13614:Project Madurai 13583:பெரிய‌ புராண‌ம் 13442: 13437: 13432: 13424: 13420: 13412: 13405: 13397: 13393: 13385: 13381: 13373: 13369: 13361: 13357: 13349: 13345: 13337: 13333: 13325: 13321: 13313: 13309: 13301: 13297: 13289: 13285: 13277: 13273: 13265: 13261: 13253: 13249: 13243:Kandasamy, 2017 13241: 13237: 13231:Manavalan, 2009 13229: 13225: 13217: 13213: 13205: 13201: 13190: 13186: 13178: 13174: 13166: 13162: 13154: 13147: 13139: 13135: 13127: 13123: 13111: 13107: 13101:, 27 April 2016 13096: 13092: 13086:, 27 April 2016 13081: 13077: 13071:, 27 April 2016 13065: 13058: 13046: 13042: 13030: 13026: 13018: 13014: 13008:Maharajan, 2017 13006: 13002: 12994: 12990: 12982: 12978: 12970: 12966: 12958: 12954: 12946: 12939: 12931: 12924: 12916: 12912: 12904: 12900: 12889: 12885: 12873: 12869: 12861: 12857: 12845: 12841: 12833: 12829: 12821: 12817: 12806: 12802: 12796:, 11 March 2013 12790: 12783: 12775: 12771: 12759: 12755: 12747: 12736: 12724: 12720: 12709: 12705: 12694: 12690: 12678: 12674: 12663: 12659: 12653:, 16 March 2017 12648: 12644: 12632: 12628: 12616: 12612: 12600: 12593: 12581: 12577: 12565: 12561: 12549: 12545: 12533: 12529: 12517: 12513: 12507:, 22 April 2010 12501: 12497: 12491:, 26 April 2018 12485: 12481: 12475:, 14 April 2021 12469: 12465: 12453: 12449: 12443:Veeramani, 2015 12441: 12437: 12429: 12425: 12417: 12413: 12405: 12401: 12393: 12389: 12381: 12377: 12371:, 31 March 2018 12366: 12362: 12354: 12350: 12344:, 19 March 2016 12338: 12327: 12319: 12312: 12306:Anbarasan, 2019 12304: 12300: 12292: 12288: 12280: 12276: 12268: 12264: 12256: 12252: 12244: 12240: 12232: 12225: 12219:Maharajan, 2017 12217: 12213: 12205: 12201: 12193: 12189: 12181: 12174: 12166: 12162: 12154: 12127: 12119: 12115: 12107: 12103: 12095: 12088: 12080: 12076: 12064: 12060: 12052: 12048: 12040: 12036: 12028: 12024: 12016: 12012: 12004: 12000: 11992: 11988: 11980: 11976: 11968: 11964: 11956: 11952: 11944: 11940: 11932: 11928: 11920: 11913: 11905: 11901: 11893: 11889: 11877: 11866: 11862:, p. 2094. 11858: 11851: 11843: 11839: 11827: 11823: 11815: 11811: 11803: 11799: 11791: 11784: 11776: 11772: 11764: 11760: 11752: 11743: 11732: 11728: 11720: 11716: 11708: 11704: 11696: 11692: 11684: 11680: 11672: 11668: 11657: 11653: 11647:, 25 March 2013 11642: 11638: 11630: 11626: 11618: 11614: 11606: 11602: 11596:Manavalan, 2010 11594: 11590: 11582: 11578: 11570: 11566: 11558: 11554: 11546: 11542: 11534: 11530: 11522: 11515: 11507: 11503: 11495: 11488: 11480: 11476: 11468: 11461: 11449: 11445: 11433: 11429: 11417: 11413: 11405: 11398: 11390: 11386: 11378: 11374: 11366: 11362: 11354: 11350: 11342: 11335: 11327: 11320: 11312: 11305: 11299:Maharajan, 2017 11297: 11293: 11285: 11281: 11275:Natarajan, 2008 11273: 11269: 11261: 11257: 11249: 11240: 11232: 11228: 11220: 11216: 11208: 11204: 11196: 11192: 11184: 11180: 11172: 11168: 11160: 11156: 11148: 11144: 11136: 11132: 11124: 11120: 11112: 11108: 11100: 11091: 11083: 11079: 11071: 11067: 11059: 11055: 11047: 11038: 11030: 11026: 11018: 11014: 11002: 10998: 10990: 10986: 10978: 10974: 10966: 10962: 10954: 10950: 10940:Parthasarathy, 10938: 10931: 10925:Manavalan, 2009 10923: 10919: 10911: 10907: 10899: 10895: 10887: 10880: 10872: 10868: 10860: 10853: 10847:Maharajan, 2017 10845: 10838: 10832:Maharajan, 2017 10830: 10826: 10818: 10814: 10806: 10802: 10794: 10790: 10784:Mahadevan, 1985 10782: 10778: 10770: 10766: 10758: 10754: 10746: 10731: 10723: 10719: 10711: 10707: 10699: 10692: 10684: 10680: 10672: 10663: 10655: 10651: 10643: 10639: 10631: 10627: 10619: 10615: 10607: 10603: 10595: 10591: 10585:Kandasamy, 2017 10583: 10579: 10571: 10567: 10561:Manavalan, 2009 10559: 10555: 10547: 10543: 10535: 10531: 10523: 10514: 10506: 10499: 10491: 10484: 10480:, p. 4341. 10476: 10472: 10468:, p. 4333. 10464: 10460: 10454:Mahadevan, 1985 10452: 10448: 10440: 10436: 10428: 10424: 10418:Kandasamy, 2017 10416: 10412: 10406:Kandasamy, 2017 10404: 10397: 10391:Kandasamy, 2017 10389: 10380: 10369: 10365: 10357: 10350: 10338: 10334: 10326: 10317: 10309: 10305: 10297: 10293: 10285: 10281: 10273: 10266: 10258: 10254: 10246: 10233: 10225: 10221: 10213: 10209: 10201: 10197: 10189: 10182: 10174: 10157: 10149: 10140: 10128: 10124: 10118:Amaladass, 2007 10116: 10112: 10104: 10100: 10092: 10081: 10075:Kandasamy, 2017 10073: 10069: 10065:, pp. 5–7. 10061: 10057: 10049: 10042: 10034: 10030: 10022: 10018: 10010: 10006: 9994: 9990: 9984:Vanmeegar, 2012 9982: 9975: 9963: 9959: 9948: 9944: 9936: 9932: 9924: 9920: 9914:Mukherjee, 1999 9912: 9901: 9893: 9878: 9870: 9857: 9849: 9845: 9839:Manavalan, 2009 9837: 9833: 9829:, pp. 1–6. 9827:Natarajan, 2008 9825: 9821: 9813: 9809: 9801: 9797: 9789: 9785: 9777: 9773: 9769:, pp. 4–5. 9767:Natarajan, 2008 9765: 9758: 9750: 9746: 9738: 9731: 9723: 9719: 9711: 9707: 9699: 9695: 9687: 9683: 9675: 9666: 9658: 9651: 9643: 9636: 9628: 9621: 9609: 9605: 9599:Manavalan, 2009 9597: 9586: 9578: 9571: 9563: 9559: 9553:Manavalan, 2009 9551: 9547: 9539: 9526: 9518: 9514: 9506: 9499: 9491: 9487: 9479: 9475: 9467: 9460: 9452: 9448: 9436: 9432: 9424: 9417: 9409: 9402: 9394: 9390: 9382: 9378: 9370: 9363: 9352: 9345: 9337:Hindustan Times 9334: 9330: 9322: 9318: 9310: 9306: 9298: 9291: 9283: 9276: 9268: 9261: 9253: 9242: 9234: 9227: 9221:Takahashi, 1999 9219: 9215: 9207: 9203: 9195: 9188: 9180: 9176: 9168: 9164: 9156: 9149: 9143:Manavalan, 2009 9141: 9137: 9129: 9118: 9112:Maharajan, 2017 9110: 9099: 9091: 9087: 9079: 9072: 9064: 9047: 9039: 9035: 9027: 9023: 9015: 9011: 9003: 8994: 8988:Manavalan, 2009 8986: 8977: 8969: 8960: 8952: 8939: 8931: 8924: 8916: 8907: 8899: 8890: 8882: 8875: 8867: 8860: 8852: 8845: 8837: 8830: 8822: 8818: 8810: 8789: 8781: 8770: 8762: 8753: 8745: 8741: 8733: 8729: 8721: 8712: 8704: 8700: 8692: 8685: 8677: 8673: 8665: 8648: 8644: 8639: 8507: 8380:As observed by 8190:sentient beings 8169: 8164: 8163: 8158: 8122: 8120: 8115: 8114: 8113: 8099: 8086: 8082: 8069: 8050: 7997: 7993: 7942: 7939:Korean Buddhism 7935: 7929: 7919: 7918: 7917: 7908: 7900: 7892: 7879: 7844: 7791: 7784: 7778: 7768: 7767: 7766: 7727: 7678: 7665: 7645: 7568:Ātman (Jainism) 7540: 7527: 7509: 7469: 7454: 7437: 7404: 7387: 7351:Sri Vaishnavism 7312: 7295: 7253: 7244: 7236: 7226: 7225: 7224: 7210: 7137: 7076: 7061: 7048: 7028: 7003: 6980: 6976: 6956: 6931: 6916: 6904: 6867: 6849: 6845: 6838: 6830: 6800: 6755: 6754: 6753: 6736: 6683:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra 6644: 6567: 6552: 6551: 6538: 6537: 6451: 6421: 6383: 6365: 6345: 6325: 6305: 6301:Srinivasacharya 6280: 6260: 6240: 6209: 6190:Vishishtadvaita 6184: 6153: 6144:Kumārila Bhaṭṭa 6123: 6109:Akṣapāda Gotama 6092: 6091: 6075: 6074: 6046:Shiva Bhedabeda 5946:Vishishtadvaita 5906: 5905: 5746: 5515:Jain philosophy 5499: 5495: 5476: 5381:Pathittrupatthu 5373:Kamba Ramayanam 5365:Silappathikaram 5253: 5170:Valluvar Kottam 5101:sthala vriksham 5065: 5064: 5063: 5062: 5055:kalyana mandapa 5051:Valluvar Kottam 5046: 5045: 5044: 5036: 5035: 5024: 4984:Ram Nath Kovind 4977:in 1941 and by 4851: 4790: 4755:Emmons E. White 4743: 4739: 4704:Kamba Ramayanam 4688:Silappathikaram 4658: 4657: 4656: 4655: 4635: 4634: 4633: 4625: 4624: 4613: 4607: 4590:trustworthiness 4507: 4337: 4271:Arumuka Navalar 4172: 4097: 3909: 3793: 3789: 3708: 3703: 3697: 3689:Main articles: 3687: 3633: 3607: 3599: 3464: 3456: 3424: 3345:s are found in 3279: 3274: 3273: 3256:pulavi nuṇukkam 3252:புலவி நுணுக்கம் 3232:neñcoṭupulattal 3172:neñcoṭukiḷattal 3096:பசப்பறு பருவரல் 3088:kaṇvituppaḻital 3084:கண்விதுப்பழிதல் 3052:alaraṟivuṟuttal 2769:varaiviṉmakaḷir 2753:பெண்வழிச் சேறல் 2577:poruḷceyalvakai 2573:பொருள் செயல்வகை 2481:viṉaiceyalvakai 2409:āḷviṉaiyuṭaimai 2217:ciṟṟiṉañcērāmai 2213:சிற்றினஞ்சேராமை 1962:புலான் மறுத்தல் 1798:naṭuvu nilaimai 1686:நீத்தார் பெருமை 1662:கடவுள் வாழ்த்து 1646:The content of 1643: 1528:Along with the 1459: 1451: 1378: 1377: 1376: 1375: 1371: 1369: 1365: 1363: 1359: 1337: 1321:Advaita Vedanta 1313:Matthieu Ricard 1300:Goddess Lakshmi 1251: 1243: 1240: 1237: 1235: 1158:Saiva Siddhanta 1074: 1066: 1063: 1056: 1050: 949: 943: 856:. According to 784: 778: 541:Paḻamoḻi Nāṉūṟu 469:Nāṉmaṇikkaṭikai 260: 259: 258: 249:Without proper 240: 236: 201: 191: 173: 144: 52: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 25930: 25920: 25919: 25914: 25909: 25904: 25899: 25894: 25889: 25884: 25879: 25874: 25869: 25852: 25851: 25849: 25848: 25843: 25841:Sustainability 25838: 25833: 25828: 25826:Low-technology 25823: 25818: 25817: 25816: 25811: 25801: 25796: 25794:Global warming 25791: 25786: 25781: 25776: 25771: 25766: 25761: 25756: 25751: 25746: 25741: 25736: 25731: 25726: 25721: 25716: 25710: 25708: 25704: 25703: 25701: 25700: 25693: 25686: 25679: 25672: 25665: 25658: 25651: 25643: 25641: 25637: 25636: 25634: 25633: 25628: 25623: 25618: 25613: 25611:Pentti Linkola 25608: 25603: 25598: 25592: 25590: 25586: 25585: 25583: 25582: 25577: 25572: 25567: 25562: 25557: 25552: 25547: 25542: 25537: 25532: 25527: 25525:Harlan Hubbard 25522: 25520:Tom Hodgkinson 25517: 25512: 25510:Mahatma Gandhi 25507: 25502: 25497: 25492: 25486: 25484: 25480: 25479: 25477: 25476: 25471: 25466: 25461: 25456: 25451: 25446: 25441: 25436: 25430: 25428: 25424: 25423: 25421: 25420: 25415: 25410: 25405: 25400: 25395: 25390: 25385: 25380: 25375: 25370: 25365: 25360: 25358:Jesus movement 25355: 25350: 25345: 25340: 25335: 25329: 25327: 25323: 25322: 25320: 25319: 25314: 25309: 25304: 25299: 25294: 25289: 25284: 25279: 25274: 25269: 25264: 25259: 25254: 25249: 25244: 25239: 25237:Local currency 25234: 25229: 25224: 25219: 25214: 25209: 25204: 25199: 25194: 25189: 25184: 25178: 25176: 25172: 25171: 25164: 25163: 25156: 25149: 25141: 25132: 25131: 25129: 25128: 25122: 25119: 25118: 25116: 25115: 25110: 25105: 25103:Social science 25100: 25095: 25090: 25085: 25080: 25075: 25070: 25065: 25060: 25055: 25050: 25045: 25040: 25035: 25029: 25027: 25023: 25022: 25020: 25019: 25009: 24999: 24993:Gender Trouble 24989: 24979: 24969: 24959: 24949: 24939: 24929: 24923:The Second Sex 24919: 24909: 24899: 24889: 24879: 24869: 24858: 24856: 24852: 24851: 24848: 24847: 24845: 24844: 24839: 24834: 24829: 24824: 24819: 24814: 24809: 24804: 24799: 24794: 24789: 24784: 24779: 24774: 24769: 24764: 24759: 24754: 24749: 24744: 24739: 24734: 24729: 24724: 24719: 24714: 24709: 24704: 24699: 24694: 24689: 24684: 24679: 24674: 24669: 24664: 24659: 24654: 24649: 24644: 24639: 24634: 24629: 24624: 24619: 24614: 24609: 24604: 24599: 24594: 24589: 24584: 24579: 24574: 24569: 24564: 24559: 24554: 24549: 24544: 24539: 24534: 24528: 24526: 24520: 24519: 24517: 24516: 24511: 24506: 24501: 24496: 24491: 24486: 24481: 24476: 24471: 24466: 24461: 24456: 24451: 24446: 24441: 24436: 24431: 24426: 24421: 24416: 24411: 24406: 24401: 24396: 24391: 24386: 24381: 24376: 24371: 24366: 24361: 24356: 24351: 24346: 24341: 24336: 24331: 24326: 24320: 24318: 24312: 24311: 24309: 24308: 24303: 24298: 24293: 24288: 24283: 24278: 24273: 24267: 24265: 24261: 24260: 24258: 24257: 24252: 24247: 24242: 24237: 24232: 24227: 24222: 24217: 24212: 24207: 24202: 24196: 24194: 24190: 24189: 24187: 24186: 24181: 24176: 24171: 24166: 24161: 24156: 24151: 24146: 24141: 24136: 24131: 24126: 24121: 24116: 24110: 24108: 24101: 24097: 24096: 24094: 24093: 24088: 24083: 24082: 24081: 24071: 24066: 24061: 24060: 24059: 24049: 24043: 24041: 24037: 24036: 24034: 24033: 24028: 24019: 24018: 24017: 24007: 24002: 23997: 23992: 23987: 23982: 23973: 23968: 23959: 23954: 23949: 23944: 23939: 23938: 23937: 23927: 23922: 23917: 23915:Invisible hand 23912: 23907: 23902: 23901: 23900: 23890: 23885: 23880: 23875: 23870: 23869: 23868: 23858: 23857: 23856: 23851: 23846: 23836: 23831: 23826: 23821: 23816: 23811: 23805: 23803: 23799: 23798: 23791: 23790: 23783: 23776: 23768: 23759: 23758: 23756: 23755: 23750: 23745: 23740: 23735: 23730: 23725: 23720: 23715: 23710: 23705: 23700: 23695: 23690: 23685: 23680: 23675: 23670: 23665: 23660: 23658:Shabda Brahman 23655: 23650: 23645: 23640: 23635: 23630: 23625: 23620: 23615: 23610: 23608:Pratibimbavada 23605: 23600: 23595: 23590: 23585: 23580: 23575: 23570: 23565: 23560: 23555: 23550: 23545: 23540: 23535: 23530: 23525: 23520: 23515: 23510: 23505: 23500: 23495: 23490: 23485: 23480: 23475: 23470: 23465: 23460: 23455: 23450: 23445: 23440: 23435: 23430: 23425: 23420: 23415: 23410: 23405: 23400: 23395: 23390: 23385: 23380: 23375: 23370: 23365: 23360: 23355: 23350: 23345: 23340: 23335: 23330: 23325: 23320: 23315: 23310: 23305: 23299: 23297: 23293: 23292: 23290: 23289: 23284: 23279: 23274: 23269: 23264: 23259: 23254: 23249: 23247:Vedanta Desika 23244: 23239: 23234: 23229: 23224: 23219: 23214: 23209: 23204: 23199: 23194: 23189: 23184: 23179: 23174: 23169: 23164: 23159: 23154: 23149: 23144: 23142:Gautama Buddha 23139: 23137:Uddalaka Aruni 23134: 23129: 23124: 23119: 23114: 23109: 23104: 23098: 23096: 23092: 23091: 23089: 23088: 23083: 23076: 23069: 23064: 23059: 23052: 23051: 23050: 23040: 23033: 23026: 23024:Tarka-Sangraha 23021: 23016: 23011: 23006: 22999: 22992: 22987: 22982: 22981: 22980: 22975: 22967:Mimamsa Sutras 22963: 22956: 22951: 22946: 22939: 22937:Buddhist texts 22934: 22927: 22920: 22913: 22906: 22898: 22896: 22892: 22891: 22889: 22888: 22883: 22878: 22873: 22867: 22865: 22861: 22860: 22858: 22857: 22856: 22855: 22850: 22845: 22835: 22830: 22825: 22824: 22823: 22818: 22813: 22808: 22803: 22798: 22793: 22782: 22780: 22776: 22775: 22772: 22771: 22769: 22768: 22767: 22766: 22761: 22756: 22751: 22746: 22732: 22731: 22730: 22725: 22715: 22710: 22705: 22699: 22697: 22691: 22690: 22688: 22687: 22682: 22681: 22680: 22675: 22665: 22660: 22655: 22650: 22645: 22640: 22630: 22628: 22619: 22615: 22614: 22612: 22611: 22606: 22601: 22596: 22591: 22586: 22581: 22576: 22571: 22565: 22563: 22559: 22558: 22551: 22550: 22543: 22536: 22528: 22519: 22518: 22516: 22515: 22504: 22501: 22500: 22498: 22497: 22490: 22485: 22483:Secular ethics 22480: 22478:Rehabilitation 22475: 22470: 22465: 22460: 22455: 22450: 22445: 22440: 22435: 22430: 22425: 22420: 22414: 22412: 22408: 22407: 22405: 22404: 22396: 22388: 22380: 22372: 22364: 22356: 22348: 22343:Utilitarianism 22340: 22332: 22324: 22316: 22308: 22300: 22292: 22284: 22276: 22268: 22259: 22257: 22253: 22252: 22250: 22249: 22244: 22239: 22234: 22229: 22224: 22219: 22214: 22209: 22204: 22199: 22194: 22189: 22184: 22179: 22174: 22169: 22164: 22159: 22154: 22149: 22144: 22139: 22134: 22129: 22124: 22119: 22114: 22109: 22104: 22099: 22094: 22089: 22084: 22079: 22074: 22069: 22064: 22059: 22054: 22049: 22044: 22039: 22034: 22028: 22026: 22019: 22018: 22016: 22015: 22010: 22005: 22000: 21995: 21994: 21993: 21988: 21983: 21973: 21968: 21963: 21958: 21953: 21948: 21943: 21938: 21933: 21928: 21923: 21918: 21913: 21908: 21903: 21898: 21893: 21888: 21883: 21878: 21873: 21868: 21863: 21858: 21853: 21852: 21851: 21846: 21841: 21831: 21826: 21821: 21816: 21811: 21806: 21801: 21796: 21791: 21786: 21781: 21776: 21771: 21766: 21761: 21756: 21750: 21748: 21744: 21743: 21741: 21740: 21735: 21730: 21725: 21720: 21715: 21710: 21705: 21703:Existentialist 21700: 21695: 21690: 21685: 21679: 21677: 21673: 21672: 21670: 21669: 21668: 21667: 21657: 21652: 21647: 21642: 21641: 21640: 21635: 21630: 21625: 21615: 21610: 21605: 21600: 21598:Constructivism 21595: 21594: 21593: 21592: 21591: 21586: 21576: 21575: 21574: 21572:Non-naturalism 21569: 21554: 21549: 21543: 21541: 21535: 21534: 21532: 21531: 21526: 21521: 21516: 21511: 21506: 21501: 21496: 21491: 21486: 21481: 21476: 21471: 21466: 21465: 21464: 21454: 21449: 21444: 21439: 21434: 21429: 21424: 21418: 21416: 21410: 21409: 21407: 21406: 21401: 21399:Utilitarianism 21396: 21391: 21386: 21381: 21376: 21371: 21366: 21360: 21358: 21352: 21351: 21344: 21343: 21336: 21329: 21321: 21312: 21311: 21309: 21308: 21307: 21306: 21304:Pollotarianism 21301: 21299:Pescetarianism 21294:Flexitarianism 21291: 21290: 21289: 21284: 21274: 21269: 21264: 21259: 21254: 21249: 21244: 21238: 21236: 21232: 21231: 21229: 21228: 21223: 21218: 21213: 21208: 21203: 21198: 21193: 21188: 21183: 21178: 21172: 21170: 21166: 21165: 21163: 21162: 21157: 21152: 21147: 21142: 21137: 21132: 21127: 21122: 21117: 21112: 21107: 21102: 21097: 21091: 21089: 21085: 21084: 21082: 21081: 21076: 21071: 21066: 21061: 21056: 21051: 21046: 21041: 21036: 21031: 21026: 21021: 21016: 21011: 21006: 21001: 20996: 20991: 20986: 20984:Charity Morgan 20981: 20976: 20971: 20966: 20961: 20959:Mary McCartney 20956: 20951: 20946: 20941: 20936: 20934:Madhur Jaffrey 20931: 20926: 20921: 20916: 20911: 20906: 20901: 20896: 20891: 20886: 20881: 20876: 20871: 20866: 20861: 20856: 20851: 20846: 20841: 20836: 20831: 20826: 20820: 20818: 20812: 20811: 20808: 20807: 20805: 20804: 20799: 20794: 20789: 20784: 20779: 20774: 20769: 20767:Ellen G. White 20764: 20759: 20754: 20749: 20744: 20739: 20734: 20729: 20724: 20719: 20714: 20709: 20704: 20699: 20694: 20689: 20684: 20679: 20674: 20669: 20664: 20659: 20654: 20649: 20644: 20639: 20634: 20629: 20624: 20619: 20614: 20609: 20607:Elmer McCollum 20604: 20599: 20594: 20589: 20584: 20582:Susan M. Levin 20579: 20574: 20569: 20564: 20559: 20554: 20549: 20547:Isaac Jennings 20544: 20539: 20534: 20529: 20527:William Harvey 20524: 20519: 20517:Alexander Haig 20514: 20509: 20504: 20499: 20494: 20492:Mahatma Gandhi 20489: 20484: 20482:Peter Foxcroft 20479: 20474: 20469: 20464: 20459: 20454: 20449: 20444: 20439: 20434: 20432:Antonio Cocchi 20429: 20427:Henry S. Clubb 20424: 20419: 20414: 20409: 20404: 20399: 20394: 20389: 20384: 20379: 20374: 20369: 20364: 20359: 20354: 20349: 20344: 20339: 20337:Eduard Baltzer 20334: 20329: 20324: 20319: 20314: 20312:William Alcott 20309: 20303: 20301: 20297: 20296: 20294: 20293: 20288: 20283: 20278: 20273: 20268: 20266:Sunaura Taylor 20263: 20258: 20253: 20248: 20243: 20238: 20233: 20228: 20223: 20218: 20213: 20211:Vesanto Melina 20208: 20203: 20198: 20193: 20188: 20183: 20178: 20176:Maxwell G. Lee 20173: 20168: 20163: 20161:Michael Klaper 20158: 20153: 20148: 20143: 20138: 20133: 20131:Michael Greger 20128: 20126:Lewis Gompertz 20123: 20118: 20113: 20108: 20103: 20098: 20093: 20088: 20083: 20078: 20073: 20068: 20063: 20058: 20053: 20051:Georges Butaud 20048: 20043: 20038: 20036:Yves Bonnardel 20033: 20028: 20023: 20018: 20016:Martin Balluch 20013: 20008: 20006:Carol J. Adams 20003: 19997: 19995: 19988: 19978: 19977: 19975: 19974: 19967: 19960: 19953: 19946: 19938: 19936: 19932: 19931: 19929: 19928: 19920: 19912: 19904: 19896: 19888: 19880: 19872: 19864: 19856: 19848: 19840: 19832: 19824: 19816: 19808: 19800: 19792: 19784: 19780:Meet Your Meat 19776: 19768: 19760: 19751: 19749: 19743: 19742: 19740: 19739: 19731: 19723: 19715: 19707: 19699: 19691: 19683: 19679:Eating Animals 19675: 19667: 19659: 19651: 19643: 19635: 19627: 19619: 19611: 19603: 19595: 19587: 19579: 19571: 19563: 19555: 19547: 19539: 19531: 19527:The New Ethics 19523: 19515: 19507: 19499: 19491: 19483: 19475: 19467: 19459: 19451: 19443: 19435: 19427: 19419: 19411: 19403: 19395: 19387: 19378: 19376: 19368: 19367: 19365: 19364: 19358: 19356: 19352: 19351: 19348: 19347: 19345: 19344: 19339: 19334: 19329: 19324: 19319: 19314: 19309: 19304: 19299: 19294: 19289: 19284: 19279: 19274: 19273: 19272: 19267: 19260:Meat-free days 19257: 19252: 19247: 19242: 19237: 19232: 19227: 19222: 19217: 19211: 19209: 19205: 19204: 19202: 19201: 19196: 19191: 19186: 19181: 19176: 19171: 19169:Vegan Outreach 19166: 19161: 19156: 19151: 19146: 19141: 19136: 19129: 19124: 19119: 19113: 19111: 19104: 19093: 19092: 19090: 19089: 19084: 19079: 19074: 19069: 19064: 19059: 19054: 19049: 19044: 19039: 19034: 19029: 19024: 19019: 19014: 19009: 19004: 18999: 18994: 18989: 18984: 18979: 18974: 18973: 18972: 18962: 18957: 18956: 18955: 18950: 18945: 18940: 18935: 18925: 18924: 18923: 18918: 18908: 18903: 18898: 18896:Coconut burger 18893: 18888: 18882: 18880: 18874: 18873: 18870: 18869: 18867: 18866: 18861: 18856: 18851: 18849:Pythagoreanism 18846: 18841: 18836: 18831: 18830: 18829: 18824: 18814: 18804: 18798: 18796: 18790: 18789: 18787: 18786: 18781: 18776: 18771: 18766: 18761: 18756: 18751: 18746: 18741: 18736: 18734:Animal welfare 18731: 18725: 18723: 18714: 18710: 18709: 18706: 18705: 18703: 18702: 18697: 18692: 18687: 18682: 18677: 18672: 18666: 18664: 18660: 18659: 18657: 18656: 18651: 18646: 18641: 18636: 18631: 18626: 18621: 18616: 18611: 18606: 18601: 18595: 18593: 18587: 18586: 18584: 18583: 18578: 18573: 18568: 18563: 18562: 18561: 18551: 18546: 18541: 18536: 18534:Black veganism 18531: 18525: 18523: 18514: 18510: 18509: 18498: 18497: 18490: 18483: 18475: 18466: 18465: 18463: 18462: 18450: 18437: 18434: 18433: 18431: 18430: 18425: 18420: 18415: 18410: 18404: 18402: 18398: 18397: 18395: 18394: 18389: 18384: 18379: 18374: 18368: 18366: 18362: 18361: 18359: 18358: 18353: 18348: 18342: 18340: 18336: 18335: 18332: 18331: 18329: 18328: 18320: 18315: 18307: 18302: 18294: 18289: 18284: 18279: 18271: 18266: 18261: 18259:Alain Daniélou 18256: 18248: 18240: 18232: 18223: 18221: 18213: 18212: 18210: 18209: 18204: 18199: 18197:P. S. Sundaram 18194: 18189: 18184: 18179: 18174: 18169: 18164: 18159: 18154: 18149: 18147:A. Chakravarti 18144: 18139: 18137:V. V. S. Aiyar 18133: 18131: 18125: 18124: 18122: 18121: 18113: 18105: 18097: 18092: 18084: 18076: 18068: 18063: 18055: 18050: 18042: 18037: 18032: 18024: 18019: 18010: 18008: 17997: 17991: 17990: 17987: 17986: 17984: 17983: 17978: 17973: 17968: 17963: 17958: 17953: 17951:M. Varadarajan 17948: 17943: 17938: 17933: 17928: 17923: 17918: 17913: 17908: 17902: 17900: 17896: 17895: 17893: 17892: 17890:Parimelalhagar 17887: 17882: 17877: 17872: 17867: 17862: 17857: 17852: 17847: 17841: 17839: 17830: 17826: 17825: 17823: 17822: 17808: 17798: 17791:Self-restraint 17788: 17778: 17768: 17758: 17748: 17741:Nishkama Karma 17738: 17724: 17710: 17700: 17690: 17680: 17670: 17660: 17650: 17640: 17630: 17620: 17617:Inna seyyaamai 17609: 17607: 17603: 17602: 17600: 17599: 17593: 17591: 17587: 17586: 17584: 17583: 17578: 17573: 17567: 17565: 17561: 17560: 17553: 17551: 17549: 17548: 17543: 17538: 17533: 17528: 17522: 17520: 17516: 17515: 17508: 17507: 17500: 17493: 17485: 17478: 17477: 17465: 17453: 17441: 17429: 17409: 17408: 17389: 17384: 17372: 17359: 17358:External links 17356: 17354: 17353: 17346: 17339: 17337:978-8172764487 17325: 17318: 17311: 17304: 17301:978-2940393176 17290: 17283: 17272: 17269: 17262: 17259:978-8179507872 17249:Nagaswamy, R. 17247: 17237: 17230: 17223: 17220: 17213: 17206: 17196: 17193: 17177: 17175: 17172: 17170: 17169: 17166:"non-killing." 17144: 17124: 17101: 17075: 17054: 17034: 17014: 16990: 16971: 16952: 16932: 16907: 16887: 16862: 16841: 16839: 16836: 16834: 16833: 16812: 16792: 16766: 16746: 16725: 16705: 16685: 16665: 16645: 16624: 16603: 16582: 16561: 16540: 16519: 16498: 16477: 16456: 16435: 16414: 16394: 16374: 16353: 16333: 16312: 16292: 16271: 16250: 16229: 16208: 16187: 16178: 16150: 16130: 16109: 16099:. Port Moresby 16088: 16067: 16046: 16034:Business Today 16026: 16005: 15984: 15963: 15942: 15922: 15901: 15881: 15860: 15839: 15818: 15797: 15776: 15755: 15735: 15733: 15730: 15728: 15727: 15702: 15694:|journal= 15676: 15619: 15598: 15569: 15560: 15543: 15525:(2): 183–200. 15510: 15497: 15468: 15447: 15426: 15389: 15368: 15356:10.2307/604470 15350:(4): 549–566. 15339: 15323:Madras Musings 15314: 15301: 15289: 15259:(2): 449–482. 15244: 15236:Madras Musings 15227: 15206: 15177: 15175: 15172: 15170: 15169: 15164:978-0692054185 15163: 15157:. Will Walsh. 15150: 15145:978-8190800020 15144: 15127: 15122:978-9383051953 15121: 15108: 15104:Kuralamizhdham 15099: 15093: 15078: 15073:978-9385471704 15072: 15059: 15054:978-9384030285 15053: 15037: 15026: 15017: 15006: 14995: 14990:978-8120802742 14989: 14976: 14964: 14959:978-8120810013 14958: 14943: 14934: 14925: 14920:978-0195156638 14919: 14904: 14899:978-1107017368 14898: 14883: 14868: 14863:978-9004093652 14862: 14847: 14834: 14819: 14814:978-3447015820 14813: 14798: 14785: 14770: 14765:978-9386073747 14764: 14751: 14746:978-9380971919 14745: 14732: 14723: 14714: 14709:978-1473389007 14708: 14695: 14690:978-0195016666 14689: 14674: 14669:978-9351180159 14668: 14653: 14648:978-9351180159 14647: 14632: 14623: 14618:978-1783537273 14617: 14604: 14595: 14586: 14581:978-9387326545 14580: 14565: 14556: 14547: 14538: 14527: 14518: 14509: 14503: 14488: 14483:978-9387499454 14482: 14469: 14464:978-9385165955 14463: 14450: 14441: 14432: 14421: 14415: 14400: 14394: 14379: 14370: 14361: 14338: 14333:978-0231078498 14332: 14317: 14308: 14299: 14290: 14278:978-8125014539 14277: 14262: 14253: 14248:978-8126053216 14247: 14234: 14225: 14216: 14202: 14197:978-8126012213 14196: 14181: 14172: 14160:978-8170997153 14159: 14144: 14135: 14123: 14105: 14096: 14087: 14082:978-8170904359 14081: 14068: 14063:978-1611803051 14062: 14047: 14038: 14033:978-8170173465 14032: 14017: 14008: 14003:978-8193825013 14002: 13989: 13970: 13961: 13956:978-8180522208 13955: 13940: 13931: 13920: 13914: 13899: 13890: 13878:978-0198610250 13877: 13862: 13853: 13848:978-8178241494 13847: 13832: 13821: 13812: 13807:978-9354091223 13806: 13793: 13788:978-8123430614 13787: 13774: 13765: 13756: 13747: 13738: 13729: 13718: 13709: 13704:978-1137601933 13703: 13682: 13677:978-0199202416 13676: 13661: 13652: 13647:978-0521604017 13646: 13630: 13628: 13625: 13623: 13620: 13618: 13617: 13597:ta:திருக்குறள் 13590: 13575: 13562: 13551:Parimelalhagar 13547: 13532: 13517: 13503: 13496:சிலப்பதிகாரம் 13489: 13464: 13443: 13441: 13438: 13436: 13433: 13431: 13430: 13418: 13403: 13399:Mahadevan, n.d 13391: 13379: 13367: 13355: 13343: 13341:, p. 755. 13331: 13327:Edgerton, 1952 13319: 13307: 13295: 13283: 13279:Framarin, 2006 13271: 13259: 13247: 13235: 13223: 13211: 13199: 13195:, 1 April 2017 13184: 13172: 13160: 13145: 13133: 13121: 13105: 13090: 13075: 13056: 13040: 13036:, 26 July 2017 13024: 13022:, p. 120. 13012: 13000: 12996:Sanjeevi, 2006 12988: 12986:, p. 369. 12976: 12964: 12962:, p. 247. 12952: 12937: 12922: 12918:Sanjeevi, 2006 12910: 12908:, p. 172. 12898: 12883: 12879:, 29 July 2017 12867: 12855: 12851:, 18 July 2018 12839: 12827: 12825:, p. 113. 12815: 12800: 12781: 12769: 12761:Ramakrishnan, 12753: 12749:Waghorne, 2004 12734: 12718: 12703: 12697:Business Today 12688: 12672: 12657: 12642: 12638:, 7 March 2017 12626: 12610: 12591: 12583:Ramakrishnan, 12575: 12571:, 11 July 2016 12559: 12551:Ramakrishnan, 12543: 12527: 12511: 12495: 12479: 12471:Sruthi Raman, 12463: 12447: 12435: 12423: 12411: 12399: 12387: 12375: 12360: 12348: 12325: 12310: 12298: 12286: 12274: 12272:, p. 779. 12262: 12260:, p. 461. 12250: 12238: 12223: 12221:, p. 102. 12211: 12199: 12197:, p. 515. 12187: 12172: 12160: 12125: 12121:Anparasu, 2019 12113: 12111:, p. vii. 12109:Anonymous 1999 12101: 12086: 12074: 12066:R. Nagaswamy, 12058: 12056:, p. 153. 12046: 12034: 12022: 12010: 11998: 11986: 11974: 11962: 11950: 11938: 11926: 11911: 11899: 11897:, p. 313. 11887: 11864: 11849: 11847:, p. 184. 11837: 11833:, 21 June 2010 11821: 11819:, p. 160. 11809: 11797: 11793:Sanjeevi, 2006 11782: 11770: 11766:Blackburn 2000 11758: 11741: 11726: 11714: 11702: 11700:, p. 167. 11690: 11688:, p. 166. 11678: 11666: 11651: 11636: 11624: 11612: 11600: 11588: 11576: 11564: 11560:Blackburn 2006 11552: 11540: 11528: 11513: 11501: 11486: 11484:, p. 463. 11474: 11472:, p. 469. 11459: 11443: 11427: 11411: 11409:, p. 123. 11396: 11384: 11372: 11360: 11358:, p. 129. 11348: 11346:, p. 339. 11344:Aravindan 2018 11333: 11318: 11303: 11291: 11289:, p. 259. 11279: 11267: 11263:Aravindan 2018 11255: 11253:, p. 337. 11251:Aravindan 2018 11238: 11234:Aravindan 2018 11226: 11214: 11202: 11190: 11178: 11166: 11154: 11142: 11140:, p. 333. 11130: 11118: 11106: 11104:, p. 167. 11089: 11077: 11065: 11053: 11036: 11034:, p. 321. 11024: 11022:, p. 253. 11012: 10996: 10984: 10980:Sensarma, 1981 10972: 10960: 10948: 10929: 10917: 10905: 10903:, p. 556. 10893: 10878: 10866: 10864:, p. 319. 10851: 10836: 10824: 10812: 10800: 10788: 10776: 10764: 10752: 10729: 10727:, p. 316. 10717: 10705: 10690: 10678: 10661: 10649: 10637: 10625: 10613: 10601: 10589: 10577: 10565: 10553: 10541: 10529: 10527:, p. 895. 10512: 10510:, p. 168. 10497: 10482: 10470: 10458: 10456:, p. 187. 10446: 10444:, p. 159. 10434: 10432:, p. 163. 10422: 10410: 10395: 10378: 10363: 10361:, p. 144. 10348: 10332: 10328:Aravindan 2018 10315: 10311:Aravindan 2018 10303: 10299:Kandasamy 2020 10291: 10287:Aravindan 2018 10279: 10277:, p. 158. 10264: 10262:, p. 342. 10260:Aravindan 2018 10252: 10231: 10229:, p. 137. 10219: 10207: 10203:Aravindan 2018 10195: 10180: 10155: 10138: 10122: 10110: 10098: 10079: 10067: 10055: 10040: 10028: 10016: 10004: 9988: 9973: 9957: 9942: 9940:, p. 113. 9930: 9918: 9899: 9876: 9874:, p. 489. 9855: 9843: 9831: 9819: 9817:, p. 462. 9807: 9795: 9783: 9779:Blackburn 2000 9771: 9756: 9744: 9742:, p. 325. 9729: 9727:, p. 384. 9725:Aravindan 2018 9717: 9705: 9693: 9689:Blackburn 2000 9681: 9664: 9649: 9634: 9619: 9603: 9584: 9569: 9557: 9555:, p. 232. 9545: 9541:Waghorne, 2004 9524: 9520:Blackburn 2000 9512: 9508:Blackburn 2000 9497: 9485: 9473: 9469:Blackburn 2000 9458: 9454:Blackburn 2000 9446: 9438:Ramakrishnan, 9430: 9428:, p. 125. 9415: 9413:, p. 155. 9400: 9388: 9376: 9361: 9359:, p. 117. 9343: 9328: 9326:, p. 141. 9316: 9312:Arumugam, 2014 9304: 9300:Blackburn 2000 9289: 9287:, p. 171. 9274: 9272:, p. 169. 9259: 9240: 9225: 9213: 9201: 9186: 9184:, p. vii. 9174: 9162: 9160:, p. 119. 9147: 9135: 9116: 9097: 9095:, p. 624. 9085: 9083:, p. 146. 9070: 9045: 9033: 9021: 9019:, p. 200. 9009: 8992: 8975: 8958: 8937: 8922: 8920:, p. 101. 8905: 8888: 8884:Sanjeevi, 2006 8873: 8871:, p. 252. 8858: 8843: 8828: 8816: 8814:, p. 156. 8787: 8785:, p. 124. 8768: 8751: 8739: 8727: 8723:Blackburn 2000 8710: 8698: 8696:, p. 115. 8683: 8671: 8645: 8643: 8640: 8476:water shortage 8382:P. S. Sundaram 8359:nishkama karma 8330:Tiruvarutpayan 8244:Gregorian year 8199:இன்னா செய்யாமை 8170: 8168: 8165: 8160: 8159: 8157: 8156: 8149: 8142: 8134: 8131: 8130: 8117: 8116: 8112: 8111: 8106: 8094: 8093: 8080:Modern Thought 8077: 8076: 8062: 8061: 8045: 8044: 8039: 8037:Jeong Yak-yong 8034: 8029: 8024: 8019: 8014: 8009: 8007:Seo Gyeongdeok 8004: 7986: 7985: 7984: 7983: 7973: 7972: 7971: 7961: 7960: 7959: 7949: 7931: 7930: 7925: 7924: 7921: 7920: 7916: 7915: 7913:Kitaro Nishida 7890:Modern Thought 7887: 7886: 7872: 7871: 7866: 7861: 7856: 7851: 7849:Fujiwara Seika 7837: 7836: 7835: 7834: 7824: 7823: 7822: 7821: 7820: 7810: 7809: 7808: 7780: 7779: 7774: 7773: 7770: 7769: 7765: 7764: 7759: 7754: 7749: 7744: 7739: 7734: 7722: 7721: 7720: 7719: 7709: 7708: 7707: 7702: 7692: 7691: 7690: 7673: 7672: 7658: 7657: 7652: 7638: 7637: 7632: 7627: 7622: 7617: 7612: 7607: 7602: 7597: 7592: 7587: 7582: 7577: 7572: 7571: 7570: 7565: 7560: 7552: 7547: 7538:General topics 7535: 7534: 7522: 7521: 7516: 7504: 7503: 7498: 7493: 7492: 7491: 7481: 7476: 7462: 7461: 7445: 7444: 7428: 7427: 7412: 7411: 7395: 7394: 7378: 7377: 7376: 7375: 7370: 7360: 7359: 7358: 7348: 7347: 7346: 7336: 7335: 7334: 7329: 7324: 7303: 7302: 7286: 7285: 7280: 7275: 7270: 7265: 7260: 7238: 7237: 7232: 7231: 7228: 7227: 7223: 7222: 7217: 7208:General topics 7205: 7204: 7191: 7190: 7185: 7180: 7175: 7174: 7173: 7163: 7162: 7161: 7151: 7150: 7149: 7130: 7129: 7124: 7119: 7118: 7117: 7107: 7106: 7105: 7103:Guifeng Zongmi 7100: 7090: 7089: 7088: 7069: 7068: 7056: 7055: 7041: 7040: 7035: 7021: 7020: 7015: 7010: 6998: 6997: 6992: 6987: 6969: 6968: 6963: 6949: 6948: 6943: 6938: 6924: 6923: 6911: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6884: 6879: 6874: 6862: 6861: 6856: 6832: 6831: 6826: 6825: 6822: 6821: 6815: 6814: 6802: 6801: 6799: 6798: 6791: 6784: 6776: 6773: 6772: 6771: 6770: 6765: 6757: 6756: 6752: 6751: 6745: 6744: 6741:Secular ethics 6735: 6734: 6729: 6724: 6719: 6714: 6709: 6704: 6698: 6697: 6695:Pramana Sutras 6691: 6690: 6685: 6680: 6675: 6673:Mimamsa Sutras 6670: 6668:Samkhya Sutras 6665: 6659: 6658: 6643: 6642: 6637: 6632: 6626: 6625: 6619: 6618: 6613: 6607: 6606: 6598: 6597: 6592: 6587: 6582: 6576: 6575: 6566: 6565: 6560: 6554: 6553: 6545: 6544: 6543: 6540: 6539: 6534: 6533: 6530: 6529: 6528: 6527: 6520: 6514: 6513: 6512: 6511: 6500: 6494: 6493: 6492: 6491: 6484: 6478: 6477: 6476: 6475: 6468: 6458: 6457: 6453: 6452: 6450: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6433: 6430: 6429: 6423: 6422: 6420: 6419: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6399: 6394: 6388: 6385: 6384: 6382: 6381: 6376: 6370: 6367: 6366: 6364: 6363: 6357: 6354: 6353: 6347: 6346: 6344: 6343: 6337: 6334: 6333: 6327: 6326: 6324: 6323: 6317: 6314: 6313: 6307: 6306: 6304: 6303: 6298: 6292: 6289: 6288: 6282: 6281: 6279: 6278: 6272: 6269: 6268: 6262: 6261: 6259: 6258: 6252: 6249: 6248: 6242: 6241: 6239: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6222: 6219: 6218: 6211: 6210: 6208: 6207: 6205:Vedanta Desika 6202: 6196: 6193: 6192: 6186: 6185: 6183: 6182: 6177: 6172: 6166: 6163: 6162: 6155: 6154: 6152: 6151: 6146: 6141: 6135: 6132: 6131: 6125: 6124: 6122: 6121: 6116: 6114:Jayanta Bhatta 6111: 6105: 6102: 6101: 6093: 6082: 6081: 6080: 6077: 6076: 6073: 6072: 6064: 6063: 6057: 6056: 6049: 6042: 6035: 6028: 6021: 6014: 6006: 6005: 5999: 5998: 5991: 5984: 5977: 5970: 5963: 5956: 5949: 5942: 5934: 5933: 5931: 5925: 5924: 5916: 5915: 5913: 5907: 5901: 5900: 5899: 5896: 5895: 5892: 5891: 5890: 5889: 5882: 5875: 5868: 5861: 5847: 5846: 5840: 5839: 5836: 5835: 5834: 5833: 5826: 5819: 5812: 5805: 5798: 5784: 5783: 5777: 5776: 5768: 5767: 5761: 5760: 5748: 5747: 5745: 5744: 5737: 5730: 5722: 5719: 5718: 5717: 5716: 5711: 5706: 5700: 5699: 5693: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5656: 5655: 5649: 5648: 5643: 5638: 5633: 5627: 5626: 5618: 5617: 5613: 5612: 5611: 5610: 5604: 5598: 5592: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5555:Jain Cosmology 5552: 5547: 5542: 5534: 5533: 5529: 5528: 5518: 5517: 5511: 5510: 5500: 5497: 5496: 5494: 5493: 5488: 5483: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5456:Mahatma Gandhi 5369:Periya Puranam 5286:Mahatma Gandhi 5252: 5249: 5048: 5047: 5038: 5037: 5029: 5028: 5027: 5026: 5025: 5023: 5020: 4988:P. Chidambaram 4959:K. Balachander 4926:Sand sculpture 4850: 4847: 4810:Salem district 4789: 4786: 4732: 4728:Mahatma Gandhi 4700:Periya Puranam 4637: 4636: 4627: 4626: 4618: 4617: 4616: 4615: 4614: 4609:Main article: 4606: 4603: 4506: 4503: 4372:, Kamandaka's 4336: 4333: 4317:Pallava script 4171: 4168: 4096: 4093: 4054:P. S. Sundaram 4042:A. Chakravarti 4030:V. V. S. Aiyar 3932: 3931: 3928: 3908: 3905: 3889:M. Karunanithi 3873:M. Varadarajan 3801:Parimelalhagar 3782: 3778:Parimelalhagar 3707: 3704: 3686: 3683: 3678: 3677: 3674: 3671: 3667: 3664: 3632: 3629: 3592: 3586:), and forts ( 3578:), ministers ( 3550:, followed by 3449: 3423: 3420: 3383: 3382: 3379: 3376: 3373: 3370: 3367: 3364: 3361: 3358: 3347:Parimelalhagar 3278: 3275: 3272: 3271: 3259: 3247: 3235: 3223: 3211: 3199: 3187: 3175: 3163: 3151: 3139: 3127: 3115: 3103: 3091: 3079: 3067: 3055: 3048:அலரறிவுறுத்தல் 3043: 3031: 3019: 3007: 2995: 2983: 2970: 2969: 2965: 2964: 2952: 2940: 2928: 2916: 2904: 2901:kuṭiceyalvakai 2892: 2880: 2877:naṉṟiyilcelvam 2868: 2856: 2844: 2832: 2820: 2808: 2796: 2784: 2772: 2765:வரைவின் மகளிர் 2760: 2748: 2736: 2724: 2712: 2700: 2688: 2676: 2664: 2652: 2640: 2628: 2616: 2604: 2592: 2580: 2568: 2556: 2544: 2532: 2520: 2508: 2496: 2484: 2472: 2460: 2448: 2436: 2424: 2412: 2400: 2388: 2376: 2364: 2352: 2340: 2328: 2316: 2304: 2292: 2280: 2277:terintuteḷital 2268: 2256: 2244: 2232: 2220: 2208: 2196: 2184: 2172: 2160: 2148: 2136: 2123: 2122: 2118: 2117: 2101: 2089: 2077: 2065: 2053: 2041: 2034:இன்னா செய்யாமை 2029: 2017: 2005: 1993: 1981: 1969: 1957: 1945: 1933: 1921: 1909: 1897: 1890:பயனில சொல்லாமை 1885: 1873: 1861: 1849: 1837: 1825: 1822:oḻukkamuṭaimai 1813: 1810:aṭakkamuṭaimai 1801: 1789: 1777: 1774:iṉiyavai kūṟal 1765: 1753: 1741: 1729: 1717: 1705: 1693: 1690:nīttār perumai 1681: 1669: 1666:kaṭavuḷ vāḻttu 1656: 1655: 1644: 1641: 1640: 1636:Nishkama Karma 1444: 1443: 1442: 1421: 1414:Book of Polity 1400: 1393:Book of Virtue 1370: 1364: 1358: 1352: 1351: 1350: 1336: 1333: 1246:Parimelalhagar 1232: 1230: 1059: 1057: 1052:Main article: 1049: 1046: 965:Kamil Zvelebil 945:Main article: 942: 939: 929:series of the 911:Tamil Manunool 907:Valluva Maalai 895:Vayurai valttu 881:(the ultimate 780:Main article: 777: 774: 730:Mahatma Gandhi 610: 609: 601: 600: 598: 593: 587: 586: 581: 575: 574: 568: 567: 562: 556: 555: 553:Mutumoḻikkānci 550: 548:Ciṟupañcamūlam 544: 543: 538: 532: 531: 526: 520: 519: 514: 508: 507: 502: 496: 495: 490: 484: 483: 478: 472: 471: 466: 460: 459: 451: 450: 445: 439: 438: 433: 427: 426: 424:Related topics 420: 419: 414: 408: 407: 402: 396: 395: 390: 384: 383: 378: 376:Malaipaṭukaṭām 372: 371: 366: 360: 359: 353: 352: 347: 341: 340: 335: 329: 328: 323: 317: 316: 311: 305: 304: 298: 297: 289: 288: 283: 277: 276: 270: 269: 253:, you may see 241: 234: 233: 232: 229: 228: 220: 216: 215: 202: 199: 196: 195: 192: 189: 186: 185: 182: 178: 177: 174: 171: 168: 167: 162:Probably Post- 160: 156: 155: 150: 146: 145: 143: 142: 139: 136: 133: 130: 123: 121: 117: 116: 111: 107: 106: 101: 97: 96: 90: 86: 85: 80: 76: 75: 68: 64: 63: 58: 54: 53: 50: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 25929: 25918: 25915: 25913: 25910: 25908: 25905: 25903: 25902:Vegetarianism 25900: 25898: 25895: 25893: 25890: 25888: 25885: 25883: 25880: 25878: 25875: 25873: 25870: 25868: 25865: 25864: 25862: 25847: 25844: 25842: 25839: 25837: 25834: 25832: 25829: 25827: 25824: 25822: 25819: 25815: 25812: 25810: 25807: 25806: 25805: 25802: 25800: 25797: 25795: 25792: 25790: 25789:The good life 25787: 25785: 25782: 25780: 25777: 25775: 25772: 25770: 25767: 25765: 25762: 25760: 25757: 25755: 25752: 25750: 25747: 25745: 25742: 25740: 25737: 25735: 25732: 25730: 25727: 25725: 25722: 25720: 25717: 25715: 25712: 25711: 25709: 25705: 25699: 25698: 25694: 25692: 25691: 25687: 25685: 25684: 25680: 25678: 25677: 25673: 25671: 25670: 25666: 25664: 25663: 25662:The Good Life 25659: 25657: 25656: 25652: 25649: 25645: 25644: 25642: 25638: 25632: 25629: 25627: 25624: 25622: 25621:Peace Pilgrim 25619: 25617: 25614: 25612: 25609: 25607: 25606:Ted Kaczynski 25604: 25602: 25599: 25597: 25594: 25593: 25591: 25587: 25581: 25578: 25576: 25573: 25571: 25568: 25566: 25563: 25561: 25558: 25556: 25555:Dugald Semple 25553: 25551: 25548: 25546: 25545:Peace Pilgrim 25543: 25541: 25540:Scott Nearing 25538: 25536: 25535:Helen Nearing 25533: 25531: 25528: 25526: 25523: 25521: 25518: 25516: 25515:Richard Gregg 25513: 25511: 25508: 25506: 25503: 25501: 25498: 25496: 25493: 25491: 25490:Wendell Berry 25488: 25487: 25485: 25481: 25475: 25472: 25470: 25467: 25465: 25462: 25460: 25457: 25455: 25452: 25450: 25447: 25445: 25444:Environmental 25442: 25440: 25437: 25435: 25432: 25431: 25429: 25425: 25419: 25416: 25414: 25411: 25409: 25406: 25404: 25401: 25399: 25396: 25394: 25391: 25389: 25386: 25384: 25381: 25379: 25376: 25374: 25371: 25369: 25366: 25364: 25361: 25359: 25356: 25354: 25351: 25349: 25346: 25344: 25341: 25339: 25336: 25334: 25331: 25330: 25328: 25324: 25318: 25315: 25313: 25310: 25308: 25307:Vegetarianism 25305: 25303: 25300: 25298: 25295: 25293: 25290: 25288: 25285: 25283: 25280: 25278: 25275: 25273: 25270: 25268: 25265: 25263: 25260: 25258: 25255: 25253: 25250: 25248: 25245: 25243: 25240: 25238: 25235: 25233: 25230: 25228: 25225: 25223: 25220: 25218: 25215: 25213: 25210: 25208: 25205: 25203: 25200: 25198: 25195: 25193: 25190: 25188: 25185: 25183: 25180: 25179: 25177: 25173: 25169: 25168:Simple living 25162: 25157: 25155: 25150: 25148: 25143: 25142: 25139: 25127: 25124: 25123: 25120: 25114: 25111: 25109: 25108:Social theory 25106: 25104: 25101: 25099: 25096: 25094: 25091: 25089: 25086: 25084: 25081: 25079: 25076: 25074: 25071: 25069: 25066: 25064: 25061: 25059: 25056: 25054: 25051: 25049: 25046: 25044: 25041: 25039: 25036: 25034: 25031: 25030: 25028: 25024: 25015: 25014: 25010: 25005: 25004: 25000: 24995: 24994: 24990: 24985: 24984: 24980: 24975: 24974: 24970: 24965: 24964: 24960: 24955: 24954: 24950: 24945: 24944: 24940: 24935: 24934: 24930: 24925: 24924: 24920: 24915: 24914: 24910: 24905: 24904: 24900: 24895: 24894: 24890: 24885: 24884: 24880: 24875: 24874: 24870: 24865: 24864: 24860: 24859: 24857: 24853: 24843: 24840: 24838: 24835: 24833: 24830: 24828: 24825: 24823: 24820: 24818: 24815: 24813: 24810: 24808: 24805: 24803: 24800: 24798: 24795: 24793: 24790: 24788: 24785: 24783: 24780: 24778: 24775: 24773: 24770: 24768: 24765: 24763: 24762:Radhakrishnan 24760: 24758: 24755: 24753: 24750: 24748: 24745: 24743: 24740: 24738: 24735: 24733: 24730: 24728: 24725: 24723: 24720: 24718: 24715: 24713: 24710: 24708: 24705: 24703: 24700: 24698: 24695: 24693: 24690: 24688: 24685: 24683: 24680: 24678: 24675: 24673: 24670: 24668: 24665: 24663: 24660: 24658: 24655: 24653: 24650: 24648: 24645: 24643: 24640: 24638: 24635: 24633: 24630: 24628: 24625: 24623: 24620: 24618: 24615: 24613: 24610: 24608: 24605: 24603: 24600: 24598: 24595: 24593: 24590: 24588: 24585: 24583: 24580: 24578: 24575: 24573: 24570: 24568: 24565: 24563: 24560: 24558: 24555: 24553: 24550: 24548: 24545: 24543: 24540: 24538: 24535: 24533: 24530: 24529: 24527: 24523:20th and 21st 24521: 24515: 24512: 24510: 24507: 24505: 24502: 24500: 24497: 24495: 24492: 24490: 24487: 24485: 24482: 24480: 24477: 24475: 24472: 24470: 24467: 24465: 24462: 24460: 24457: 24455: 24452: 24450: 24447: 24445: 24442: 24440: 24437: 24435: 24432: 24430: 24427: 24425: 24422: 24420: 24417: 24415: 24412: 24410: 24407: 24405: 24402: 24400: 24397: 24395: 24392: 24390: 24387: 24385: 24382: 24380: 24377: 24375: 24372: 24370: 24367: 24365: 24362: 24360: 24357: 24355: 24352: 24350: 24347: 24345: 24342: 24340: 24337: 24335: 24332: 24330: 24327: 24325: 24322: 24321: 24319: 24315:18th and 19th 24313: 24307: 24304: 24302: 24299: 24297: 24294: 24292: 24289: 24287: 24284: 24282: 24279: 24277: 24274: 24272: 24269: 24268: 24266: 24262: 24256: 24253: 24251: 24248: 24246: 24243: 24241: 24238: 24236: 24233: 24231: 24228: 24226: 24223: 24221: 24218: 24216: 24213: 24211: 24208: 24206: 24203: 24201: 24198: 24197: 24195: 24191: 24185: 24182: 24180: 24177: 24175: 24172: 24170: 24167: 24165: 24162: 24160: 24157: 24155: 24152: 24150: 24147: 24145: 24142: 24140: 24137: 24135: 24132: 24130: 24127: 24125: 24122: 24120: 24117: 24115: 24112: 24111: 24109: 24105: 24102: 24098: 24092: 24089: 24087: 24084: 24080: 24077: 24076: 24075: 24072: 24070: 24067: 24065: 24062: 24058: 24055: 24054: 24053: 24050: 24048: 24045: 24044: 24042: 24038: 24032: 24029: 24026: 24025: 24020: 24016: 24013: 24012: 24011: 24008: 24006: 24003: 24001: 23998: 23996: 23993: 23991: 23988: 23986: 23983: 23980: 23979: 23974: 23972: 23969: 23966: 23965: 23960: 23958: 23955: 23953: 23950: 23948: 23945: 23943: 23940: 23936: 23933: 23932: 23931: 23928: 23926: 23923: 23921: 23918: 23916: 23913: 23911: 23908: 23906: 23903: 23899: 23896: 23895: 23894: 23891: 23889: 23886: 23884: 23881: 23879: 23876: 23874: 23871: 23867: 23864: 23863: 23862: 23859: 23855: 23852: 23850: 23847: 23845: 23842: 23841: 23840: 23837: 23835: 23832: 23830: 23827: 23825: 23822: 23820: 23817: 23815: 23812: 23810: 23807: 23806: 23804: 23800: 23796: 23789: 23784: 23782: 23777: 23775: 23770: 23769: 23766: 23754: 23751: 23749: 23746: 23744: 23741: 23739: 23736: 23734: 23731: 23729: 23726: 23724: 23721: 23719: 23716: 23714: 23711: 23709: 23706: 23704: 23701: 23699: 23696: 23694: 23691: 23689: 23686: 23684: 23681: 23679: 23676: 23674: 23671: 23669: 23666: 23664: 23661: 23659: 23656: 23654: 23651: 23649: 23646: 23644: 23641: 23639: 23636: 23634: 23631: 23629: 23626: 23624: 23621: 23619: 23616: 23614: 23611: 23609: 23606: 23604: 23601: 23599: 23596: 23594: 23591: 23589: 23588:Parinama-vada 23586: 23584: 23581: 23579: 23576: 23574: 23571: 23569: 23566: 23564: 23561: 23559: 23556: 23554: 23551: 23549: 23546: 23544: 23541: 23539: 23536: 23534: 23531: 23529: 23526: 23524: 23521: 23519: 23516: 23514: 23511: 23509: 23506: 23504: 23501: 23499: 23496: 23494: 23491: 23489: 23486: 23484: 23481: 23479: 23476: 23474: 23471: 23469: 23466: 23464: 23461: 23459: 23456: 23454: 23451: 23449: 23446: 23444: 23441: 23439: 23436: 23434: 23431: 23429: 23426: 23424: 23421: 23419: 23416: 23414: 23411: 23409: 23406: 23404: 23401: 23399: 23396: 23394: 23391: 23389: 23386: 23384: 23381: 23379: 23376: 23374: 23371: 23369: 23366: 23364: 23361: 23359: 23356: 23354: 23351: 23349: 23346: 23344: 23341: 23339: 23336: 23334: 23331: 23329: 23326: 23324: 23321: 23319: 23316: 23314: 23311: 23309: 23306: 23304: 23301: 23300: 23298: 23294: 23288: 23285: 23283: 23280: 23278: 23275: 23273: 23270: 23268: 23265: 23263: 23260: 23258: 23255: 23253: 23250: 23248: 23245: 23243: 23240: 23238: 23235: 23233: 23230: 23228: 23225: 23223: 23220: 23218: 23215: 23213: 23212:Padmasambhāva 23210: 23208: 23205: 23203: 23200: 23198: 23195: 23193: 23190: 23188: 23185: 23183: 23180: 23178: 23175: 23173: 23170: 23168: 23165: 23163: 23160: 23158: 23155: 23153: 23150: 23148: 23145: 23143: 23140: 23138: 23135: 23133: 23130: 23128: 23125: 23123: 23120: 23118: 23117:Maṇḍana Miśra 23115: 23113: 23110: 23108: 23107:Abhinavagupta 23105: 23103: 23100: 23099: 23097: 23093: 23087: 23084: 23082: 23081: 23080:Yoga Vasistha 23077: 23075: 23074: 23070: 23068: 23065: 23063: 23060: 23058: 23057: 23053: 23049: 23046: 23045: 23044: 23041: 23039: 23038: 23034: 23032: 23031: 23027: 23025: 23022: 23020: 23017: 23015: 23012: 23010: 23007: 23005: 23004: 23000: 22998: 22997: 22993: 22991: 22988: 22986: 22983: 22979: 22976: 22974: 22973:All 108 texts 22971: 22970: 22969: 22968: 22964: 22962: 22961: 22957: 22955: 22952: 22950: 22947: 22945: 22944: 22943:Dharmashastra 22940: 22938: 22935: 22933: 22932: 22928: 22926: 22925: 22921: 22919: 22918: 22917:Bhagavad Gita 22914: 22912: 22911: 22907: 22905: 22904: 22900: 22899: 22897: 22893: 22887: 22884: 22882: 22879: 22877: 22874: 22872: 22871:Integral yoga 22869: 22868: 22866: 22862: 22854: 22851: 22849: 22846: 22844: 22841: 22840: 22839: 22836: 22834: 22831: 22829: 22826: 22822: 22819: 22817: 22816:Shuddhadvaita 22814: 22812: 22809: 22807: 22804: 22802: 22799: 22797: 22794: 22792: 22789: 22788: 22787: 22784: 22783: 22781: 22777: 22765: 22762: 22760: 22757: 22755: 22752: 22750: 22747: 22745: 22742: 22741: 22740: 22736: 22733: 22729: 22726: 22724: 22721: 22720: 22719: 22716: 22714: 22711: 22709: 22706: 22704: 22701: 22700: 22698: 22696: 22692: 22686: 22683: 22679: 22676: 22674: 22671: 22670: 22669: 22666: 22664: 22661: 22659: 22656: 22654: 22651: 22649: 22646: 22644: 22641: 22639: 22635: 22632: 22631: 22629: 22627: 22623: 22620: 22616: 22610: 22607: 22605: 22602: 22600: 22597: 22595: 22592: 22590: 22587: 22585: 22582: 22580: 22577: 22575: 22572: 22570: 22567: 22566: 22564: 22560: 22556: 22549: 22544: 22542: 22537: 22535: 22530: 22529: 22526: 22514: 22506: 22505: 22502: 22496: 22495: 22491: 22489: 22486: 22484: 22481: 22479: 22476: 22474: 22471: 22469: 22466: 22464: 22461: 22459: 22456: 22454: 22451: 22449: 22446: 22444: 22441: 22439: 22436: 22434: 22431: 22429: 22426: 22424: 22421: 22419: 22416: 22415: 22413: 22409: 22400: 22397: 22392: 22389: 22384: 22381: 22376: 22373: 22368: 22365: 22360: 22357: 22352: 22349: 22344: 22341: 22336: 22333: 22328: 22325: 22320: 22317: 22312: 22309: 22304: 22301: 22296: 22293: 22288: 22285: 22280: 22277: 22272: 22269: 22264: 22261: 22260: 22258: 22254: 22248: 22245: 22243: 22240: 22238: 22235: 22233: 22230: 22228: 22225: 22223: 22220: 22218: 22215: 22213: 22210: 22208: 22205: 22203: 22200: 22198: 22195: 22193: 22190: 22188: 22185: 22183: 22180: 22178: 22175: 22173: 22170: 22168: 22165: 22163: 22160: 22158: 22155: 22153: 22150: 22148: 22145: 22143: 22140: 22138: 22135: 22133: 22130: 22128: 22125: 22123: 22120: 22118: 22115: 22113: 22110: 22108: 22105: 22103: 22100: 22098: 22095: 22093: 22090: 22088: 22085: 22083: 22080: 22078: 22075: 22073: 22070: 22068: 22065: 22063: 22060: 22058: 22055: 22053: 22050: 22048: 22045: 22043: 22040: 22038: 22035: 22033: 22030: 22029: 22027: 22025: 22020: 22014: 22011: 22009: 22006: 22004: 22001: 21999: 21996: 21992: 21989: 21987: 21984: 21982: 21979: 21978: 21977: 21974: 21972: 21969: 21967: 21964: 21962: 21959: 21957: 21954: 21952: 21949: 21947: 21944: 21942: 21939: 21937: 21934: 21932: 21929: 21927: 21924: 21922: 21919: 21917: 21914: 21912: 21909: 21907: 21904: 21902: 21899: 21897: 21896:Moral courage 21894: 21892: 21889: 21887: 21884: 21882: 21879: 21877: 21874: 21872: 21869: 21867: 21864: 21862: 21859: 21857: 21854: 21850: 21847: 21845: 21842: 21840: 21837: 21836: 21835: 21834:Good and evil 21832: 21830: 21827: 21825: 21822: 21820: 21819:Family values 21817: 21815: 21812: 21810: 21807: 21805: 21802: 21800: 21797: 21795: 21792: 21790: 21787: 21785: 21782: 21780: 21777: 21775: 21772: 21770: 21767: 21765: 21762: 21760: 21757: 21755: 21752: 21751: 21749: 21745: 21739: 21736: 21734: 21731: 21729: 21726: 21724: 21721: 21719: 21716: 21714: 21711: 21709: 21706: 21704: 21701: 21699: 21696: 21694: 21691: 21689: 21686: 21684: 21681: 21680: 21678: 21674: 21666: 21663: 21662: 21661: 21658: 21656: 21653: 21651: 21648: 21646: 21643: 21639: 21636: 21634: 21633:Quasi-realism 21631: 21629: 21626: 21624: 21621: 21620: 21619: 21616: 21614: 21611: 21609: 21606: 21604: 21601: 21599: 21596: 21590: 21587: 21585: 21582: 21581: 21580: 21577: 21573: 21570: 21568: 21565: 21564: 21563: 21560: 21559: 21558: 21555: 21553: 21550: 21548: 21545: 21544: 21542: 21540: 21536: 21530: 21527: 21525: 21522: 21520: 21517: 21515: 21512: 21510: 21507: 21505: 21502: 21500: 21497: 21495: 21492: 21490: 21487: 21485: 21482: 21480: 21477: 21475: 21472: 21470: 21467: 21463: 21460: 21459: 21458: 21457:Environmental 21455: 21453: 21450: 21448: 21445: 21443: 21440: 21438: 21435: 21433: 21430: 21428: 21425: 21423: 21420: 21419: 21417: 21415: 21411: 21405: 21402: 21400: 21397: 21395: 21392: 21390: 21387: 21385: 21382: 21380: 21379:Particularism 21377: 21375: 21372: 21370: 21367: 21365: 21362: 21361: 21359: 21357: 21353: 21349: 21342: 21337: 21335: 21330: 21328: 21323: 21322: 21319: 21305: 21302: 21300: 21297: 21296: 21295: 21292: 21288: 21285: 21283: 21280: 21279: 21278: 21275: 21273: 21270: 21268: 21265: 21263: 21260: 21258: 21255: 21253: 21252:Juice fasting 21250: 21248: 21245: 21243: 21240: 21239: 21237: 21233: 21227: 21224: 21222: 21219: 21217: 21214: 21212: 21209: 21207: 21204: 21202: 21199: 21197: 21194: 21192: 21189: 21187: 21184: 21182: 21179: 21177: 21174: 21173: 21171: 21167: 21161: 21158: 21156: 21155:Veggie Galaxy 21153: 21151: 21148: 21146: 21143: 21141: 21138: 21136: 21133: 21131: 21128: 21126: 21123: 21121: 21118: 21116: 21113: 21111: 21108: 21106: 21103: 21101: 21098: 21096: 21093: 21092: 21090: 21086: 21080: 21077: 21075: 21072: 21070: 21067: 21065: 21062: 21060: 21057: 21055: 21054:Lauren Toyota 21052: 21050: 21047: 21045: 21042: 21040: 21037: 21035: 21032: 21030: 21027: 21025: 21022: 21020: 21017: 21015: 21012: 21010: 21007: 21005: 21002: 21000: 20997: 20995: 20992: 20990: 20987: 20985: 20982: 20980: 20977: 20975: 20972: 20970: 20967: 20965: 20962: 20960: 20957: 20955: 20952: 20950: 20947: 20945: 20942: 20940: 20939:Mollie Katzen 20937: 20935: 20932: 20930: 20927: 20925: 20922: 20920: 20917: 20915: 20912: 20910: 20907: 20905: 20904:Rip Esselstyn 20902: 20900: 20897: 20895: 20892: 20890: 20889:Sue Donaldson 20887: 20885: 20882: 20880: 20877: 20875: 20872: 20870: 20867: 20865: 20862: 20860: 20857: 20855: 20852: 20850: 20847: 20845: 20842: 20840: 20837: 20835: 20832: 20830: 20827: 20825: 20822: 20821: 20819: 20813: 20803: 20800: 20798: 20795: 20793: 20790: 20788: 20785: 20783: 20780: 20778: 20775: 20773: 20770: 20768: 20765: 20763: 20760: 20758: 20755: 20753: 20750: 20748: 20745: 20743: 20740: 20738: 20737:Alan Stoddard 20735: 20733: 20730: 20728: 20725: 20723: 20722:James Simpson 20720: 20718: 20715: 20713: 20710: 20708: 20705: 20703: 20700: 20698: 20697:Rollo Russell 20695: 20693: 20690: 20688: 20687:James Rachels 20685: 20683: 20680: 20678: 20675: 20673: 20672:Cyril V. Pink 20670: 20668: 20665: 20663: 20660: 20658: 20655: 20653: 20650: 20648: 20645: 20643: 20642:Scott Nearing 20640: 20638: 20637:Helen Nearing 20635: 20633: 20630: 20628: 20625: 20623: 20620: 20618: 20615: 20613: 20610: 20608: 20605: 20603: 20600: 20598: 20595: 20593: 20590: 20588: 20587:Andrew Linzey 20585: 20583: 20580: 20578: 20575: 20573: 20570: 20568: 20567:William Lambe 20565: 20563: 20560: 20558: 20555: 20553: 20550: 20548: 20545: 20543: 20540: 20538: 20535: 20533: 20530: 20528: 20525: 20523: 20520: 20518: 20515: 20513: 20512:Walter Hadwen 20510: 20508: 20505: 20503: 20500: 20498: 20495: 20493: 20490: 20488: 20485: 20483: 20480: 20478: 20475: 20473: 20470: 20468: 20465: 20463: 20460: 20458: 20455: 20453: 20450: 20448: 20445: 20443: 20440: 20438: 20437:Edwin Collier 20435: 20433: 20430: 20428: 20425: 20423: 20422:George Cheyne 20420: 20418: 20415: 20413: 20410: 20408: 20405: 20403: 20402:J. L. Buttner 20400: 20398: 20395: 20393: 20390: 20388: 20385: 20383: 20380: 20378: 20375: 20373: 20370: 20368: 20365: 20363: 20360: 20358: 20355: 20353: 20350: 20348: 20345: 20343: 20340: 20338: 20335: 20333: 20330: 20328: 20325: 20323: 20320: 20318: 20315: 20313: 20310: 20308: 20305: 20304: 20302: 20298: 20292: 20289: 20287: 20284: 20282: 20279: 20277: 20274: 20272: 20271:Richard Twine 20269: 20267: 20264: 20262: 20261:David Sztybel 20259: 20257: 20254: 20252: 20249: 20247: 20244: 20242: 20239: 20237: 20234: 20232: 20231:David Olivier 20229: 20227: 20224: 20222: 20219: 20217: 20214: 20212: 20209: 20207: 20204: 20202: 20199: 20197: 20194: 20192: 20189: 20187: 20184: 20182: 20179: 20177: 20174: 20172: 20169: 20167: 20164: 20162: 20159: 20157: 20154: 20152: 20149: 20147: 20144: 20142: 20139: 20137: 20134: 20132: 20129: 20127: 20124: 20122: 20121:Valéry Giroux 20119: 20117: 20114: 20112: 20109: 20107: 20104: 20102: 20099: 20097: 20094: 20092: 20089: 20087: 20084: 20082: 20079: 20077: 20074: 20072: 20069: 20067: 20064: 20062: 20059: 20057: 20054: 20052: 20049: 20047: 20044: 20042: 20039: 20037: 20034: 20032: 20029: 20027: 20026:David Benatar 20024: 20022: 20019: 20017: 20014: 20012: 20009: 20007: 20004: 20002: 20001:Elisa Aaltola 19999: 19998: 19996: 19992: 19989: 19979: 19973: 19972: 19968: 19966: 19965: 19961: 19959: 19958: 19954: 19952: 19951: 19947: 19945: 19944: 19940: 19939: 19937: 19933: 19926: 19925: 19921: 19918: 19917: 19913: 19910: 19909: 19905: 19902: 19901: 19897: 19894: 19893: 19889: 19886: 19885: 19881: 19878: 19877: 19873: 19870: 19869: 19865: 19862: 19861: 19857: 19854: 19853: 19849: 19846: 19845: 19841: 19838: 19837: 19833: 19830: 19829: 19825: 19822: 19821: 19817: 19814: 19813: 19812:A Sacred Duty 19809: 19806: 19805: 19801: 19798: 19797: 19793: 19790: 19789: 19785: 19782: 19781: 19777: 19774: 19773: 19769: 19766: 19765: 19761: 19758: 19757: 19753: 19752: 19750: 19748: 19744: 19737: 19736: 19732: 19729: 19728: 19724: 19721: 19720: 19716: 19713: 19712: 19708: 19705: 19704: 19700: 19697: 19696: 19692: 19689: 19688: 19684: 19681: 19680: 19676: 19673: 19672: 19668: 19665: 19664: 19660: 19657: 19656: 19652: 19649: 19648: 19644: 19641: 19640: 19636: 19633: 19632: 19628: 19625: 19624: 19620: 19617: 19616: 19612: 19609: 19608: 19604: 19601: 19600: 19596: 19593: 19592: 19588: 19585: 19584: 19580: 19577: 19576: 19572: 19569: 19568: 19564: 19561: 19560: 19556: 19553: 19552: 19548: 19545: 19544: 19540: 19537: 19536: 19532: 19529: 19528: 19524: 19521: 19520: 19516: 19513: 19512: 19508: 19505: 19504: 19500: 19497: 19496: 19495:Figs or Pigs? 19492: 19489: 19488: 19484: 19481: 19480: 19476: 19473: 19472: 19468: 19465: 19464: 19460: 19457: 19456: 19452: 19449: 19448: 19444: 19441: 19440: 19436: 19433: 19432: 19428: 19425: 19424: 19420: 19417: 19416: 19412: 19409: 19408: 19404: 19401: 19400: 19396: 19393: 19392: 19388: 19386:(3rd century) 19385: 19384: 19380: 19379: 19377: 19369: 19363: 19360: 19359: 19357: 19353: 19343: 19340: 19338: 19335: 19333: 19330: 19328: 19325: 19323: 19320: 19318: 19315: 19313: 19310: 19308: 19305: 19303: 19300: 19298: 19295: 19293: 19290: 19288: 19285: 19283: 19280: 19278: 19275: 19271: 19268: 19266: 19263: 19262: 19261: 19258: 19256: 19253: 19251: 19248: 19246: 19243: 19241: 19238: 19236: 19233: 19231: 19228: 19226: 19223: 19221: 19218: 19216: 19213: 19212: 19210: 19206: 19200: 19197: 19195: 19192: 19190: 19187: 19185: 19182: 19180: 19177: 19175: 19172: 19170: 19167: 19165: 19162: 19160: 19157: 19155: 19152: 19150: 19147: 19145: 19144:Our Hen House 19142: 19140: 19137: 19135: 19134: 19130: 19128: 19125: 19123: 19120: 19118: 19115: 19114: 19112: 19108: 19105: 19103: 19098: 19094: 19088: 19087:Veggie burger 19085: 19083: 19080: 19078: 19075: 19073: 19070: 19068: 19065: 19063: 19060: 19058: 19055: 19053: 19050: 19048: 19045: 19043: 19040: 19038: 19035: 19033: 19030: 19028: 19025: 19023: 19020: 19018: 19015: 19013: 19010: 19008: 19005: 19003: 19000: 18998: 18995: 18993: 18990: 18988: 18985: 18983: 18980: 18978: 18975: 18971: 18968: 18967: 18966: 18963: 18961: 18958: 18954: 18951: 18949: 18946: 18944: 18941: 18939: 18936: 18934: 18931: 18930: 18929: 18926: 18922: 18919: 18917: 18914: 18913: 18912: 18909: 18907: 18904: 18902: 18899: 18897: 18894: 18892: 18889: 18887: 18884: 18883: 18881: 18875: 18865: 18862: 18860: 18857: 18855: 18852: 18850: 18847: 18845: 18842: 18840: 18837: 18835: 18832: 18828: 18825: 18823: 18820: 18819: 18818: 18815: 18812: 18808: 18805: 18803: 18800: 18799: 18797: 18795: 18791: 18785: 18782: 18780: 18777: 18775: 18772: 18770: 18767: 18765: 18762: 18760: 18757: 18755: 18752: 18750: 18747: 18745: 18742: 18740: 18737: 18735: 18732: 18730: 18729:Animal rights 18727: 18726: 18724: 18722: 18718: 18715: 18711: 18701: 18698: 18696: 18693: 18691: 18690:Organizations 18688: 18686: 18683: 18681: 18678: 18676: 18673: 18671: 18668: 18667: 18665: 18661: 18655: 18652: 18650: 18647: 18645: 18642: 18640: 18637: 18635: 18632: 18630: 18627: 18625: 18622: 18620: 18617: 18615: 18612: 18610: 18607: 18605: 18602: 18600: 18597: 18596: 18594: 18592: 18591:Vegetarianism 18588: 18582: 18581:Vegan studies 18579: 18577: 18574: 18572: 18569: 18567: 18564: 18560: 18557: 18556: 18555: 18554:Straight edge 18552: 18550: 18547: 18545: 18542: 18540: 18539:Fruitarianism 18537: 18535: 18532: 18530: 18527: 18526: 18524: 18522: 18518: 18515: 18511: 18507: 18506:vegetarianism 18503: 18496: 18491: 18489: 18484: 18482: 18477: 18476: 18473: 18461: 18460: 18451: 18449: 18448: 18439: 18438: 18435: 18429: 18426: 18424: 18421: 18419: 18416: 18414: 18411: 18409: 18406: 18405: 18403: 18399: 18393: 18390: 18388: 18385: 18383: 18380: 18378: 18375: 18373: 18370: 18369: 18367: 18363: 18357: 18354: 18352: 18349: 18347: 18346:Valluvar Year 18344: 18343: 18341: 18337: 18327: 18324: 18321: 18319: 18316: 18314: 18311: 18308: 18306: 18303: 18301: 18298: 18295: 18293: 18290: 18288: 18285: 18283: 18280: 18278: 18275: 18272: 18270: 18267: 18265: 18264:Gnanou Diagou 18262: 18260: 18257: 18255: 18252: 18249: 18247: 18244: 18241: 18239: 18238:Paul Geraghty 18236: 18233: 18231: 18228: 18225: 18224: 18222: 18220: 18214: 18208: 18205: 18203: 18200: 18198: 18195: 18193: 18190: 18188: 18185: 18183: 18180: 18178: 18175: 18173: 18172:S. M. Michael 18170: 18168: 18165: 18163: 18160: 18158: 18155: 18153: 18150: 18148: 18145: 18143: 18140: 18138: 18135: 18134: 18132: 18130: 18126: 18120: 18117: 18114: 18112: 18109: 18106: 18104: 18101: 18098: 18096: 18093: 18091: 18088: 18085: 18083: 18080: 18077: 18075: 18072: 18069: 18067: 18064: 18062: 18059: 18056: 18054: 18051: 18049: 18046: 18043: 18041: 18040:S. Srinivasan 18038: 18036: 18033: 18031: 18028: 18025: 18023: 18020: 18018: 18015: 18012: 18011: 18009: 18007: 18001: 17998: 17996: 17992: 17982: 17979: 17977: 17974: 17972: 17969: 17967: 17964: 17962: 17959: 17957: 17954: 17952: 17949: 17947: 17946:Bharathidasan 17944: 17942: 17939: 17937: 17934: 17932: 17929: 17927: 17924: 17922: 17919: 17917: 17914: 17912: 17909: 17907: 17904: 17903: 17901: 17897: 17891: 17888: 17886: 17883: 17881: 17878: 17876: 17873: 17871: 17870:Thirumalaiyar 17868: 17866: 17863: 17861: 17858: 17856: 17853: 17851: 17848: 17846: 17843: 17842: 17840: 17838: 17834: 17831: 17827: 17820: 17816: 17812: 17811:Vegetarianism 17809: 17806: 17802: 17799: 17796: 17792: 17789: 17786: 17782: 17779: 17776: 17772: 17769: 17766: 17762: 17759: 17756: 17752: 17749: 17746: 17742: 17739: 17736: 17732: 17728: 17725: 17722: 17718: 17714: 17711: 17708: 17704: 17701: 17698: 17694: 17691: 17688: 17684: 17681: 17678: 17674: 17671: 17668: 17664: 17661: 17658: 17654: 17651: 17648: 17644: 17641: 17638: 17634: 17631: 17628: 17624: 17621: 17618: 17614: 17611: 17610: 17608: 17604: 17598: 17595: 17594: 17592: 17588: 17582: 17581:Book of Inbam 17579: 17577: 17576:Book of Porul 17574: 17572: 17569: 17568: 17566: 17562: 17557: 17547: 17544: 17542: 17539: 17537: 17536:Vasuki (wife) 17534: 17532: 17529: 17527: 17524: 17523: 17521: 17517: 17513: 17506: 17501: 17499: 17494: 17492: 17487: 17486: 17483: 17476: 17471: 17466: 17464: 17454: 17452: 17442: 17440: 17435: 17430: 17428: 17418: 17417: 17414: 17407: 17403: 17402: 17390: 17388: 17385: 17383: 17379: 17377: 17373: 17371: 17370: 17365: 17362: 17361: 17351: 17347: 17344: 17340: 17338: 17334: 17330: 17326: 17323: 17319: 17316: 17312: 17309: 17305: 17302: 17298: 17294: 17291: 17288: 17284: 17281: 17277: 17273: 17270: 17267: 17263: 17260: 17256: 17252: 17248: 17246: 17242: 17238: 17235: 17231: 17228: 17224: 17221: 17218: 17214: 17211: 17207: 17205: 17201: 17197: 17194: 17191: 17187: 17183: 17179: 17178: 17167: 17154: 17150: 17145: 17133: 17129: 17125: 17122: 17111: 17107: 17102: 17098: 17085: 17076: 17064: 17060: 17055: 17044: 17040: 17035: 17024: 17020: 17015: 17003: 17002:Varalaaru.com 16999: 16995: 16991: 16979: 16978: 16972: 16960: 16959: 16953: 16942: 16938: 16933: 16921: 16917: 16913: 16908: 16896: 16892: 16888: 16885: 16872: 16868: 16863: 16852: 16848: 16843: 16842: 16822: 16818: 16813: 16801: 16797: 16793: 16781: 16777: 16776: 16771: 16767: 16755: 16751: 16747: 16735: 16731: 16726: 16714: 16710: 16706: 16694: 16690: 16686: 16674: 16673:Deccan Herald 16670: 16666: 16654: 16650: 16646: 16634: 16630: 16625: 16613: 16609: 16604: 16592: 16588: 16583: 16571: 16567: 16562: 16550: 16546: 16541: 16529: 16525: 16520: 16508: 16504: 16499: 16487: 16483: 16478: 16466: 16462: 16457: 16445: 16441: 16436: 16424: 16420: 16415: 16403: 16399: 16395: 16383: 16379: 16375: 16363: 16359: 16354: 16342: 16338: 16334: 16322: 16318: 16313: 16301: 16297: 16293: 16281: 16277: 16272: 16260: 16256: 16251: 16239: 16235: 16230: 16218: 16217:Deccan Herald 16214: 16209: 16197: 16193: 16188: 16184: 16179: 16167: 16163: 16161: 16157: 16151: 16139: 16138:Deccan Herald 16135: 16131: 16119: 16115: 16110: 16098: 16094: 16089: 16077: 16076:Deccan Herald 16073: 16068: 16056: 16052: 16047: 16035: 16031: 16027: 16015: 16011: 16006: 15994: 15990: 15985: 15973: 15969: 15964: 15952: 15948: 15943: 15931: 15927: 15923: 15911: 15907: 15902: 15890: 15886: 15882: 15870: 15866: 15861: 15849: 15845: 15840: 15828: 15827:Business Line 15824: 15819: 15807: 15803: 15798: 15786: 15782: 15777: 15765: 15761: 15756: 15746: 15742: 15737: 15736: 15716: 15712: 15708: 15703: 15699: 15686: 15677: 15673: 15667: 15652: 15648: 15644: 15640: 15636: 15632: 15625: 15620: 15616: 15612: 15608: 15604: 15599: 15595: 15591: 15587: 15583: 15579: 15575: 15570: 15566: 15561: 15558:(4): 453–471. 15557: 15553: 15549: 15544: 15540: 15536: 15532: 15528: 15524: 15520: 15516: 15511: 15507: 15503: 15498: 15494: 15490: 15486: 15482: 15478: 15474: 15469: 15465: 15461: 15457: 15453: 15448: 15444: 15440: 15436: 15432: 15427: 15423: 15419: 15415: 15411: 15407: 15403: 15399: 15395: 15390: 15386: 15382: 15378: 15374: 15369: 15365: 15361: 15357: 15353: 15349: 15345: 15340: 15328: 15324: 15320: 15315: 15311: 15307: 15302: 15298: 15294: 15290: 15278: 15274: 15270: 15266: 15262: 15258: 15254: 15250: 15245: 15241: 15237: 15233: 15228: 15224: 15220: 15216: 15212: 15211:East and West 15207: 15195: 15191: 15184: 15179: 15178: 15166: 15160: 15156: 15151: 15147: 15141: 15137: 15133: 15128: 15124: 15118: 15114: 15109: 15105: 15100: 15096: 15090: 15086: 15085: 15079: 15075: 15069: 15065: 15060: 15056: 15050: 15046: 15042: 15038: 15034: 15033: 15027: 15023: 15018: 15014: 15013: 15007: 15003: 15002: 14996: 14992: 14986: 14982: 14977: 14973: 14969: 14965: 14961: 14955: 14951: 14950: 14944: 14940: 14935: 14931: 14926: 14922: 14916: 14912: 14911: 14905: 14901: 14895: 14891: 14890: 14884: 14880: 14877: 14873: 14869: 14865: 14859: 14855: 14854: 14848: 14837: 14831: 14827: 14826: 14820: 14816: 14810: 14806: 14805: 14799: 14788: 14782: 14778: 14777: 14771: 14767: 14761: 14757: 14752: 14748: 14742: 14738: 14733: 14729: 14724: 14720: 14715: 14711: 14705: 14701: 14696: 14692: 14686: 14682: 14681: 14675: 14671: 14665: 14661: 14660: 14654: 14650: 14644: 14640: 14639: 14633: 14629: 14624: 14620: 14614: 14610: 14605: 14601: 14596: 14592: 14587: 14583: 14577: 14573: 14572: 14566: 14562: 14557: 14553: 14548: 14544: 14539: 14535: 14534: 14528: 14524: 14519: 14515: 14510: 14506: 14500: 14496: 14495: 14489: 14485: 14479: 14475: 14470: 14466: 14460: 14456: 14451: 14447: 14442: 14438: 14433: 14429: 14428: 14422: 14418: 14412: 14408: 14407: 14401: 14397: 14391: 14387: 14386: 14380: 14376: 14371: 14367: 14362: 14358: 14352: 14344: 14339: 14335: 14329: 14325: 14324: 14318: 14314: 14309: 14305: 14300: 14296: 14291: 14280: 14274: 14270: 14269: 14263: 14259: 14254: 14250: 14244: 14240: 14235: 14231: 14226: 14222: 14217: 14210: 14209: 14203: 14199: 14193: 14189: 14188: 14182: 14178: 14173: 14162: 14156: 14152: 14151: 14145: 14141: 14136: 14126: 14120: 14116: 14115: 14110: 14106: 14102: 14097: 14093: 14088: 14084: 14078: 14074: 14069: 14065: 14059: 14055: 14054: 14048: 14044: 14039: 14035: 14029: 14025: 14024: 14018: 14014: 14009: 14005: 13999: 13995: 13990: 13986: 13982: 13978: 13977: 13971: 13967: 13962: 13958: 13952: 13948: 13947: 13941: 13937: 13932: 13928: 13927: 13921: 13917: 13915:9788184758191 13911: 13907: 13906: 13900: 13896: 13891: 13880: 13874: 13870: 13869: 13863: 13859: 13854: 13850: 13844: 13840: 13839: 13833: 13829: 13828: 13822: 13818: 13813: 13809: 13803: 13799: 13794: 13790: 13784: 13780: 13775: 13771: 13766: 13762: 13757: 13753: 13748: 13744: 13739: 13735: 13730: 13726: 13725: 13719: 13715: 13710: 13706: 13700: 13696: 13692: 13688: 13683: 13679: 13673: 13669: 13668: 13662: 13658: 13653: 13649: 13643: 13639: 13638: 13632: 13631: 13615: 13609: 13605: 13600: 13598: 13591: 13589: 13585: 13584: 13579: 13576: 13574: 13570: 13566: 13563: 13559: 13556: 13552: 13548: 13544: 13541: 13537: 13533: 13529: 13526: 13522: 13518: 13515: 13511: 13510:கம்பராமாயணம் 13507: 13504: 13501: 13497: 13493: 13492:Ilango Adigal 13490: 13486: 13482: 13477: 13475: 13469: 13465: 13462: 13458: 13453: 13452:Kḻuvāi Illai! 13449: 13448:Alathur Kilar 13445: 13444: 13427: 13422: 13415: 13410: 13408: 13400: 13395: 13388: 13383: 13376: 13371: 13365:, p. 29. 13364: 13359: 13352: 13347: 13340: 13335: 13328: 13323: 13316: 13311: 13304: 13303:Zaehner, 1973 13299: 13293:, p. 83. 13292: 13291:Sundaram 1990 13287: 13280: 13275: 13268: 13263: 13256: 13251: 13244: 13239: 13232: 13227: 13221:, p. 72. 13220: 13215: 13208: 13207:Zvelebil 1973 13203: 13196: 13194: 13188: 13181: 13176: 13169: 13164: 13157: 13152: 13150: 13143:, p. 96. 13142: 13137: 13130: 13125: 13118: 13116: 13109: 13102: 13100: 13094: 13087: 13085: 13079: 13072: 13070: 13063: 13061: 13053: 13051: 13044: 13037: 13035: 13028: 13021: 13016: 13009: 13004: 12997: 12992: 12985: 12980: 12973: 12972:Desikar, 1975 12968: 12961: 12956: 12949: 12944: 12942: 12934: 12929: 12927: 12919: 12914: 12907: 12906:Muthiah, 2014 12902: 12895: 12893: 12887: 12880: 12878: 12875:Renganathan, 12871: 12864: 12859: 12852: 12850: 12843: 12836: 12831: 12824: 12819: 12812: 12810: 12804: 12797: 12795: 12788: 12786: 12778: 12773: 12766: 12764: 12757: 12750: 12745: 12743: 12741: 12739: 12731: 12729: 12722: 12715: 12713: 12707: 12700: 12698: 12692: 12685: 12684:, 3 July 2020 12683: 12682:Business Line 12676: 12669: 12668:, 22 May 2023 12667: 12661: 12654: 12652: 12646: 12639: 12637: 12630: 12623: 12621: 12620:Deccan Herald 12614: 12607: 12605: 12604:Deccan Herald 12598: 12596: 12588: 12586: 12579: 12572: 12570: 12563: 12556: 12554: 12547: 12540: 12538: 12531: 12524: 12522: 12515: 12508: 12506: 12499: 12492: 12490: 12483: 12476: 12474: 12467: 12460: 12458: 12451: 12444: 12439: 12433:, p. 30. 12432: 12427: 12420: 12415: 12408: 12403: 12396: 12391: 12384: 12379: 12372: 12370: 12369:Deccan Herald 12364: 12357: 12352: 12345: 12343: 12336: 12334: 12332: 12330: 12322: 12317: 12315: 12307: 12302: 12295: 12290: 12283: 12278: 12271: 12266: 12259: 12254: 12247: 12242: 12235: 12234:Tolstoy, 1908 12230: 12228: 12220: 12215: 12209:, p. vi. 12208: 12207:Rajaram, 2015 12203: 12196: 12191: 12184: 12179: 12177: 12169: 12164: 12157: 12156:Rajaram, 2009 12152: 12150: 12148: 12146: 12144: 12142: 12140: 12138: 12136: 12134: 12132: 12130: 12122: 12117: 12110: 12105: 12098: 12093: 12091: 12083: 12078: 12071: 12069: 12062: 12055: 12050: 12043: 12038: 12031: 12030:Zvelebil 1975 12026: 12019: 12018:Zvelebil 1975 12014: 12007: 12006:Zvelebil 1975 12002: 11995: 11994:Zvelebil 1975 11990: 11983: 11978: 11971: 11966: 11960:, p. 76. 11959: 11954: 11947: 11942: 11935: 11930: 11923: 11922:Zvelebil 1992 11918: 11916: 11908: 11903: 11896: 11891: 11884: 11882: 11875: 11873: 11871: 11869: 11861: 11856: 11854: 11846: 11841: 11834: 11832: 11825: 11818: 11817:Zvelebil 1992 11813: 11806: 11801: 11794: 11789: 11787: 11780:, p. 11. 11779: 11774: 11767: 11762: 11755: 11750: 11748: 11746: 11738: 11736: 11735:Deccan Herald 11730: 11724:, p. 33. 11723: 11722:Ramasamy 2001 11718: 11711: 11706: 11699: 11698:Zvelebil 1973 11694: 11687: 11686:Zvelebil 1973 11682: 11675: 11670: 11663: 11661: 11655: 11648: 11646: 11640: 11634:, p. 36. 11633: 11632:Ramasamy 2001 11628: 11622:, p. 32. 11621: 11620:Ramasamy 2001 11616: 11610:, p. 31. 11609: 11608:Ramasamy 2001 11604: 11597: 11592: 11585: 11584:Robinson 2001 11580: 11573: 11572:Zvelebil 1992 11568: 11561: 11556: 11549: 11548:Ramasamy 2001 11544: 11537: 11536:Ramasamy 2001 11532: 11525: 11524:Zvelebil 1975 11520: 11518: 11510: 11509:Zvelebil 1975 11505: 11498: 11493: 11491: 11483: 11478: 11471: 11466: 11464: 11456: 11454: 11447: 11440: 11438: 11431: 11424: 11422: 11415: 11408: 11403: 11401: 11393: 11388: 11381: 11376: 11370:, p. ix. 11369: 11364: 11357: 11352: 11345: 11340: 11338: 11330: 11325: 11323: 11315: 11314:Zvelebil 1975 11310: 11308: 11300: 11295: 11288: 11283: 11276: 11271: 11264: 11259: 11252: 11247: 11245: 11243: 11235: 11230: 11224:, p. 31. 11223: 11222:Sundaram 1990 11218: 11212:, p. 25. 11211: 11210:Sundaram 1990 11206: 11199: 11194: 11188:, p. 81. 11187: 11186:Sundaram 1990 11182: 11176:, p. 56. 11175: 11174:Sundaram 1990 11170: 11163: 11158: 11151: 11146: 11139: 11134: 11127: 11122: 11115: 11114:Desikar, 1969 11110: 11103: 11098: 11096: 11094: 11086: 11085:Robinson 2001 11081: 11074: 11069: 11062: 11057: 11050: 11045: 11043: 11041: 11033: 11028: 11021: 11016: 11009: 11007: 11000: 10993: 10988: 10981: 10976: 10969: 10964: 10957: 10952: 10945: 10943: 10936: 10934: 10927:, p. 26. 10926: 10921: 10914: 10909: 10902: 10897: 10890: 10885: 10883: 10875: 10870: 10863: 10862:Anandan, 2018 10858: 10856: 10849:, p. 72. 10848: 10843: 10841: 10834:, p. 86. 10833: 10828: 10821: 10816: 10809: 10804: 10797: 10792: 10785: 10780: 10773: 10768: 10761: 10756: 10749: 10744: 10742: 10740: 10738: 10736: 10734: 10726: 10721: 10714: 10709: 10703:, p. 92. 10702: 10697: 10695: 10687: 10682: 10675: 10670: 10668: 10666: 10658: 10653: 10646: 10641: 10635:, p. 55. 10634: 10629: 10622: 10617: 10610: 10609:Alathur Kilar 10605: 10599:, p. 42. 10598: 10597:Desikar, 1969 10593: 10586: 10581: 10575:, p. 69. 10574: 10569: 10563:, p. 27. 10562: 10557: 10550: 10545: 10538: 10533: 10526: 10521: 10519: 10517: 10509: 10508:Zvelebil 1973 10504: 10502: 10495:, p. 77. 10494: 10489: 10487: 10479: 10474: 10467: 10462: 10455: 10450: 10443: 10442:Zvelebil 1973 10438: 10431: 10430:Zvelebil 1973 10426: 10420:, p. 13. 10419: 10414: 10407: 10402: 10400: 10393:, p. 12. 10392: 10387: 10385: 10383: 10375: 10373: 10367: 10360: 10355: 10353: 10345: 10343: 10336: 10329: 10324: 10322: 10320: 10312: 10307: 10301:, p. 16. 10300: 10295: 10288: 10283: 10276: 10275:Zvelebil 1973 10271: 10269: 10261: 10256: 10249: 10244: 10242: 10240: 10238: 10236: 10228: 10227:Anandan, 2018 10223: 10216: 10211: 10204: 10199: 10193:, p. 73. 10192: 10191:Desikar, 1969 10187: 10185: 10177: 10176:Zvelebil 1973 10172: 10170: 10168: 10166: 10164: 10162: 10160: 10152: 10151:Zvelebil 1973 10147: 10145: 10143: 10135: 10133: 10126: 10120:, p. 16. 10119: 10114: 10108:, p. 19. 10107: 10102: 10095: 10090: 10088: 10086: 10084: 10076: 10071: 10064: 10059: 10053:, p. 15. 10052: 10047: 10045: 10037: 10032: 10025: 10020: 10013: 10008: 10001: 9999: 9992: 9985: 9980: 9978: 9970: 9968: 9961: 9954: 9952: 9946: 9939: 9934: 9927: 9922: 9915: 9910: 9908: 9906: 9904: 9896: 9891: 9889: 9887: 9885: 9883: 9881: 9873: 9868: 9866: 9864: 9862: 9860: 9852: 9851:Zvelebil 1973 9847: 9841:, p. 22. 9840: 9835: 9828: 9823: 9816: 9811: 9804: 9799: 9793:, p. 27. 9792: 9787: 9780: 9775: 9768: 9763: 9761: 9753: 9748: 9741: 9736: 9734: 9726: 9721: 9714: 9713:Zvelebil 1974 9709: 9702: 9697: 9690: 9685: 9678: 9677:Johnson, 2009 9673: 9671: 9669: 9661: 9660:Sundaram 1990 9656: 9654: 9647:, p. 13. 9646: 9641: 9639: 9631: 9626: 9624: 9616: 9612: 9607: 9601:, p. 42. 9600: 9595: 9593: 9591: 9589: 9582:, p. 75. 9581: 9576: 9574: 9566: 9565:Desikar, 1969 9561: 9554: 9549: 9542: 9537: 9535: 9533: 9531: 9529: 9521: 9516: 9509: 9504: 9502: 9494: 9493:Pavanar, 2017 9489: 9482: 9481:Zvelebil 1975 9477: 9470: 9465: 9463: 9455: 9450: 9443: 9441: 9434: 9427: 9426:Zvelebil 1975 9422: 9420: 9412: 9411:Zvelebil 1973 9407: 9405: 9398:, p. 83. 9397: 9392: 9385: 9380: 9373: 9368: 9366: 9358: 9356: 9350: 9348: 9340: 9338: 9332: 9325: 9320: 9313: 9308: 9301: 9296: 9294: 9286: 9285:Zvelebil 1973 9281: 9279: 9271: 9270:Zvelebil 1973 9266: 9264: 9256: 9255:Zvelebil 1973 9251: 9249: 9247: 9245: 9237: 9236:Zvelebil 1975 9232: 9230: 9222: 9217: 9210: 9209:Winslow, 1862 9205: 9198: 9193: 9191: 9183: 9178: 9171: 9170:Sundaram 1987 9166: 9159: 9154: 9152: 9145:, p. 24. 9144: 9139: 9133:, p. 29. 9132: 9127: 9125: 9123: 9121: 9114:, p. 19. 9113: 9108: 9106: 9104: 9102: 9094: 9089: 9082: 9077: 9075: 9067: 9062: 9060: 9058: 9056: 9054: 9052: 9050: 9042: 9037: 9030: 9025: 9018: 9013: 9006: 9005:Zvelebil 1973 9001: 8999: 8997: 8989: 8984: 8982: 8980: 8973:, p. 13. 8972: 8971:Sundaram 1990 8967: 8965: 8963: 8955: 8954:Zvelebil 1973 8950: 8948: 8946: 8944: 8942: 8934: 8929: 8927: 8919: 8914: 8912: 8910: 8902: 8897: 8895: 8893: 8886:, p. 84. 8885: 8880: 8878: 8870: 8865: 8863: 8855: 8854:Krishna, 2017 8850: 8848: 8840: 8835: 8833: 8825: 8820: 8813: 8812:Zvelebil 1973 8808: 8806: 8804: 8802: 8800: 8798: 8796: 8794: 8792: 8784: 8783:Zvelebil 1975 8779: 8777: 8775: 8773: 8765: 8760: 8758: 8756: 8748: 8743: 8736: 8735:Zvelebil 1973 8731: 8724: 8719: 8717: 8715: 8707: 8702: 8695: 8690: 8688: 8680: 8679:Zvelebil 1973 8675: 8668: 8667:Sundaram 1990 8663: 8661: 8659: 8657: 8655: 8653: 8651: 8646: 8638: 8634:பண்ணுவித்தேன் 8576: 8568: 8505: 8502: 8497: 8496: 8492: 8488: 8486: 8481: 8477: 8473: 8468: 8467: 8463: 8459: 8457: 8453: 8452: 8448: 8444: 8442: 8437: 8436: 8432: 8428: 8425: 8424: 8420: 8416: 8414: 8413: 8408: 8404: 8403: 8398: 8394: 8393: 8389: 8385: 8383: 8378: 8377: 8373: 8369: 8366: 8365:Bhagavad Gita 8361: 8360: 8354: 8353: 8349: 8345: 8343: 8339: 8335: 8331: 8327: 8323: 8319: 8315: 8314: 8310: 8306: 8304: 8298: 8297: 8293: 8289: 8287: 8283: 8279: 8274: 8273: 8269: 8265: 8262: 8256: 8255: 8251: 8247: 8245: 8241: 8240:Valluvar Year 8236: 8235: 8231: 8227: 8225: 8220: 8219: 8215: 8211: 8209: 8205: 8195: 8191: 8188: 8184: 8179: 8178: 8174: 8155: 8150: 8148: 8143: 8141: 8136: 8135: 8133: 8132: 8129: 8119: 8118: 8110: 8107: 8105: 8102: 8101: 8100: 8098: 8092: 8089: 8088: 8087: 8085: 8081: 8075: 8072: 8071: 8070: 8068: 8067: 8060: 8056: 8053: 8052: 8051: 8049: 8043: 8042:Kim Jeong-hui 8040: 8038: 8035: 8033: 8030: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8013: 8010: 8008: 8005: 8003: 8000: 7999: 7998: 7996: 7992: 7991: 7982: 7979: 7978: 7977: 7974: 7970: 7967: 7966: 7965: 7962: 7958: 7955: 7954: 7953: 7950: 7948: 7945: 7944: 7943: 7941: 7940: 7934: 7928: 7923: 7922: 7914: 7911: 7910: 7909: 7907: 7906: 7901: 7899: 7898: 7893: 7891: 7885: 7882: 7881: 7880: 7878: 7877: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7862: 7860: 7857: 7855: 7854:Hayashi Razan 7852: 7850: 7847: 7846: 7845: 7843: 7842: 7833: 7830: 7829: 7828: 7825: 7819: 7816: 7815: 7814: 7813:Rinzai school 7811: 7807: 7804: 7803: 7802: 7799: 7798: 7797: 7794: 7793: 7792: 7790: 7789: 7783: 7777: 7772: 7771: 7763: 7760: 7758: 7755: 7753: 7750: 7748: 7745: 7743: 7740: 7738: 7735: 7733: 7730: 7729: 7728: 7726: 7718: 7715: 7714: 7713: 7710: 7706: 7703: 7701: 7698: 7697: 7696: 7693: 7689: 7686: 7685: 7684: 7681: 7680: 7679: 7677: 7671: 7668: 7667: 7666: 7664: 7663: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7648: 7647: 7646: 7644: 7643: 7636: 7633: 7631: 7628: 7626: 7623: 7621: 7618: 7616: 7613: 7611: 7608: 7606: 7603: 7601: 7598: 7596: 7593: 7591: 7588: 7586: 7583: 7581: 7578: 7576: 7573: 7569: 7566: 7564: 7561: 7559: 7556: 7555: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7542: 7541: 7539: 7533: 7530: 7529: 7528: 7526: 7520: 7517: 7515: 7512: 7511: 7510: 7508: 7502: 7499: 7497: 7494: 7490: 7489:Abhinavagupta 7487: 7486: 7485: 7482: 7480: 7477: 7475: 7472: 7471: 7470: 7468: 7467: 7460: 7457: 7456: 7455: 7453: 7452: 7451: 7443: 7440: 7439: 7438: 7436: 7435: 7434: 7426: 7423: 7422: 7421: 7420: 7419: 7418: 7410: 7407: 7406: 7405: 7403: 7402: 7401: 7393: 7390: 7389: 7388: 7386: 7385: 7384: 7374: 7371: 7369: 7366: 7365: 7364: 7361: 7357: 7354: 7353: 7352: 7349: 7345: 7342: 7341: 7340: 7337: 7333: 7330: 7328: 7325: 7323: 7320: 7319: 7318: 7315: 7314: 7313: 7311: 7310: 7309: 7301: 7298: 7297: 7296: 7294: 7293: 7292: 7284: 7281: 7279: 7276: 7274: 7271: 7269: 7266: 7264: 7261: 7259: 7256: 7255: 7254: 7252: 7251: 7250: 7243: 7242: 7235: 7230: 7229: 7221: 7218: 7216: 7213: 7212: 7211: 7209: 7203: 7200: 7199: 7198: 7197: 7196: 7189: 7186: 7184: 7181: 7179: 7176: 7172: 7169: 7168: 7167: 7164: 7160: 7157: 7156: 7155: 7152: 7148: 7147:Sakya Pandita 7145: 7144: 7143: 7140: 7139: 7138: 7136: 7135: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7116: 7113: 7112: 7111: 7108: 7104: 7101: 7099: 7096: 7095: 7094: 7093:Huayan school 7091: 7087: 7084: 7083: 7082: 7079: 7078: 7077: 7075: 7074: 7067: 7064: 7063: 7062: 7060: 7054: 7051: 7050: 7049: 7047: 7046: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7030: 7029: 7027: 7026: 7019: 7016: 7014: 7011: 7009: 7006: 7005: 7004: 7002: 6996: 6993: 6991: 6988: 6986: 6983: 6982: 6981: 6979: 6975: 6974: 6967: 6964: 6962: 6959: 6958: 6957: 6955: 6954: 6947: 6944: 6942: 6941:Wang Yangming 6939: 6937: 6934: 6933: 6932: 6930: 6929: 6920: 6915: 6912: 6908: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6895: 6893: 6890: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6880: 6878: 6875: 6873: 6870: 6869: 6868: 6866: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6852: 6851: 6850: 6848: 6844: 6843: 6837: 6836: 6829: 6824: 6823: 6820: 6817: 6816: 6812: 6808: 6807: 6797: 6792: 6790: 6785: 6783: 6778: 6777: 6775: 6774: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6760: 6759: 6758: 6750: 6747: 6746: 6743: 6742: 6738: 6737: 6733: 6732:Shiva Samhita 6730: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6720: 6718: 6715: 6713: 6710: 6708: 6705: 6703: 6700: 6699: 6696: 6693: 6692: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6679: 6676: 6674: 6671: 6669: 6666: 6664: 6663:Brahma Sutras 6661: 6660: 6657: 6656: 6655: 6651: 6646: 6645: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6633: 6631: 6630:Bhagavad Gita 6628: 6627: 6624: 6621: 6620: 6617: 6614: 6612: 6609: 6608: 6605: 6604: 6600: 6599: 6596: 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6581: 6578: 6577: 6574: 6573: 6569: 6568: 6564: 6561: 6559: 6556: 6555: 6550: 6549: 6542: 6541: 6526: 6523: 6522: 6521: 6519: 6515: 6510: 6509:Prashastapada 6506: 6503: 6502: 6501: 6499: 6495: 6490: 6487: 6486: 6485: 6483: 6479: 6474: 6471: 6470: 6469: 6467: 6463: 6460: 6459: 6455: 6454: 6448: 6447:Radhakrishnan 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6434: 6432: 6431: 6428: 6425: 6424: 6418: 6417:Anandamayi Ma 6415: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6402:Ramprasad Sen 6400: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6392:Abhinavagupta 6390: 6389: 6387: 6386: 6380: 6377: 6375: 6372: 6371: 6369: 6368: 6362: 6359: 6358: 6356: 6355: 6352: 6349: 6348: 6342: 6339: 6338: 6336: 6335: 6332: 6329: 6328: 6322: 6319: 6318: 6316: 6315: 6312: 6309: 6308: 6302: 6299: 6297: 6294: 6293: 6291: 6290: 6287: 6284: 6283: 6277: 6274: 6273: 6271: 6270: 6267: 6264: 6263: 6257: 6254: 6253: 6251: 6250: 6247: 6246:Shuddhadvaita 6244: 6243: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6227: 6224: 6223: 6221: 6220: 6216: 6213: 6212: 6206: 6203: 6201: 6198: 6197: 6195: 6194: 6191: 6188: 6187: 6181: 6178: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6168: 6167: 6165: 6164: 6160: 6157: 6156: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6136: 6134: 6133: 6130: 6127: 6126: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6106: 6104: 6103: 6100: 6097: 6096: 6089: 6085: 6079: 6078: 6071: 6070: 6069:Integral yoga 6066: 6065: 6062: 6059: 6058: 6055: 6054: 6053:Shiva Advaita 6050: 6048: 6047: 6043: 6041: 6040: 6036: 6034: 6033: 6029: 6027: 6026: 6022: 6020: 6019: 6015: 6013: 6012: 6008: 6007: 6004: 6001: 6000: 5997: 5996: 5992: 5990: 5989: 5985: 5983: 5982: 5978: 5976: 5975: 5971: 5969: 5968: 5964: 5962: 5961: 5960:Shuddhadvaita 5957: 5955: 5954: 5950: 5948: 5947: 5943: 5941: 5940: 5936: 5935: 5932: 5930: 5927: 5926: 5923: 5922: 5918: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5908: 5904: 5898: 5897: 5888: 5887: 5883: 5881: 5880: 5876: 5874: 5873: 5869: 5867: 5866: 5862: 5860: 5859: 5855: 5854: 5853: 5852: 5849: 5848: 5845: 5842: 5841: 5832: 5831: 5827: 5825: 5824: 5820: 5818: 5817: 5813: 5811: 5810: 5806: 5804: 5803: 5799: 5797: 5796: 5792: 5791: 5790: 5789: 5786: 5785: 5782: 5779: 5778: 5774: 5770: 5769: 5766: 5763: 5762: 5758: 5754: 5753: 5743: 5738: 5736: 5731: 5729: 5724: 5723: 5721: 5720: 5715: 5712: 5710: 5707: 5705: 5702: 5701: 5698: 5695: 5694: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5657: 5654: 5651: 5650: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5639: 5637: 5636:Samantabhadra 5634: 5632: 5629: 5628: 5625: 5622: 5621: 5620: 5619: 5615: 5614: 5608: 5605: 5602: 5599: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5537: 5536: 5535: 5531: 5530: 5524: 5520: 5519: 5516: 5513: 5512: 5508: 5504: 5503: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5478: 5471: 5469: 5465: 5461: 5457: 5453: 5449: 5445: 5440: 5437: 5433: 5432:Books of Aram 5429: 5425: 5421: 5416: 5414: 5410: 5409:animal rights 5406: 5402: 5398: 5397:Kanda Puranam 5394: 5390: 5386: 5382: 5378: 5374: 5370: 5366: 5362: 5358: 5349: 5345: 5343: 5339: 5335: 5331: 5327: 5323: 5319: 5315: 5311: 5307: 5303: 5299: 5295: 5291: 5287: 5283: 5279: 5275: 5271: 5267: 5266:Ilango Adigal 5257: 5248: 5246: 5242: 5238: 5234: 5233:Bay of Bengal 5230: 5226: 5222: 5218: 5214: 5210: 5206: 5202: 5201:Vishakapatnam 5198: 5194: 5190: 5185: 5183: 5179: 5175: 5171: 5166: 5164: 5160: 5159:64th Nayanmar 5156: 5152: 5148: 5144: 5140: 5136: 5132: 5128: 5121: 5116: 5112: 5110: 5106: 5102: 5098: 5094: 5090: 5086: 5082: 5078: 5074: 5070: 5060: 5056: 5052: 5042: 5033: 5019: 5017: 5013: 5009: 5008:Narendra Modi 5005: 5001: 5000:Maneka Gandhi 4997: 4993: 4989: 4985: 4980: 4976: 4972: 4968: 4964: 4960: 4955: 4953: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4938: 4931: 4927: 4923: 4919: 4917: 4913: 4909: 4905: 4901: 4897: 4893: 4889: 4883: 4881: 4880:Zakir Hussain 4877: 4872: 4868: 4860: 4859:Chennai Metro 4855: 4846: 4844: 4840: 4836: 4835:Francis Ellis 4832: 4828: 4824: 4820: 4816: 4811: 4807: 4803: 4799: 4795: 4785: 4783: 4779: 4778:Zakir Hussain 4775: 4771: 4770:Sri Aurobindo 4767: 4763: 4758: 4756: 4752: 4748: 4742: 4736: 4731: 4729: 4725: 4721: 4717: 4712: 4707: 4705: 4701: 4697: 4693: 4689: 4685: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4669: 4664: 4653: 4649: 4645: 4641: 4631: 4622: 4612: 4602: 4600: 4599:conjugal love 4595: 4591: 4587: 4583: 4582:righteousness 4579: 4575: 4571: 4567: 4563: 4559: 4554: 4552: 4548: 4544: 4540: 4536: 4532: 4528: 4524: 4520: 4516: 4512: 4502: 4500: 4496: 4492: 4488: 4484: 4479: 4477: 4473: 4469: 4465: 4460: 4458: 4454: 4450: 4446: 4442: 4438: 4434: 4430: 4426: 4422: 4418: 4414: 4410: 4405: 4403: 4402: 4397: 4396: 4391: 4387: 4386: 4381: 4377: 4376: 4371: 4370: 4365: 4361: 4357: 4356: 4351: 4341: 4332: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4318: 4314: 4309: 4307: 4303: 4299: 4295: 4291: 4286: 4284: 4280: 4276: 4272: 4268: 4263: 4260: 4256: 4252: 4248: 4247:Iyothee Thass 4244: 4240: 4237:(academy) in 4236: 4232: 4228: 4224: 4220: 4216: 4212: 4207: 4205: 4201: 4197: 4193: 4192:word of mouth 4189: 4185: 4176: 4167: 4165: 4164:Dravidianists 4161: 4155: 4153: 4150:, criticized 4149: 4132: 4131:Father Beschi 4126: 4123: 4119: 4116: 4115: 4106: 4101: 4092: 4089: 4087: 4083: 4079: 4075: 4071: 4067: 4063: 4059: 4055: 4051: 4047: 4043: 4039: 4035: 4031: 4026: 4023: 4021: 4017: 4013: 4009: 4005: 4001: 3997: 3993: 3989: 3984: 3982: 3978: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3962: 3957: 3953: 3949: 3944: 3942: 3938: 3929: 3926: 3925: 3924: 3918: 3913: 3904: 3900: 3898: 3894: 3890: 3886: 3882: 3878: 3874: 3870: 3869:Bharathidasan 3866: 3862: 3858: 3857:Iyothee Thass 3854: 3850: 3846: 3841: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3826: 3822: 3818: 3812: 3810: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3792: 3786: 3781: 3779: 3775: 3771: 3767: 3763: 3762:Thirumalaiyar 3759: 3755: 3751: 3747: 3743: 3739: 3734: 3732: 3728: 3724: 3717: 3712: 3702: 3696: 3692: 3682: 3675: 3672: 3668: 3665: 3662: 3661: 3660: 3657: 3653: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3628: 3624: 3621: 3617: 3613: 3606: 3603: 3596: 3591: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3577: 3574:), treasure ( 3573: 3570:), subjects ( 3569: 3563: 3561: 3557: 3553: 3549: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3531: 3529: 3525: 3521: 3517: 3513: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3496: 3493: 3489: 3485: 3481: 3477: 3473: 3469: 3463: 3460: 3453: 3448: 3445: 3441: 3435: 3433: 3429: 3419: 3415: 3413: 3408: 3403: 3401: 3396: 3390: 3388: 3380: 3377: 3374: 3371: 3368: 3365: 3362: 3359: 3356: 3355: 3354: 3352: 3348: 3344: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3328: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3304: 3300: 3295: 3291: 3289: 3285: 3269: 3260: 3257: 3248: 3245: 3236: 3233: 3224: 3221: 3212: 3209: 3200: 3197: 3188: 3185: 3176: 3173: 3164: 3161: 3152: 3149: 3140: 3137: 3128: 3125: 3116: 3113: 3104: 3101: 3092: 3089: 3080: 3077: 3068: 3065: 3056: 3053: 3044: 3041: 3032: 3029: 3020: 3017: 3008: 3005: 2996: 2993: 2984: 2981: 2972: 2971: 2967: 2966: 2962: 2953: 2950: 2941: 2938: 2929: 2926: 2917: 2914: 2905: 2902: 2893: 2890: 2881: 2878: 2869: 2866: 2857: 2854: 2845: 2842: 2833: 2830: 2821: 2818: 2809: 2806: 2797: 2794: 2785: 2782: 2773: 2770: 2761: 2758: 2757:peṇvaḻiccēṟal 2749: 2746: 2737: 2734: 2725: 2722: 2713: 2710: 2701: 2698: 2689: 2686: 2685:pullaṟivāṇmai 2681:புல்லறிவாண்மை 2677: 2674: 2665: 2662: 2653: 2650: 2641: 2638: 2629: 2626: 2617: 2614: 2605: 2602: 2601:paṭaiccerukku 2597:படைச்செருக்கு 2593: 2590: 2581: 2578: 2569: 2566: 2557: 2554: 2545: 2542: 2533: 2530: 2521: 2518: 2509: 2506: 2497: 2494: 2485: 2482: 2477:வினை செயல்வகை 2473: 2470: 2465:வினைத்திட்பம் 2461: 2458: 2449: 2446: 2437: 2434: 2425: 2422: 2413: 2410: 2405:ஆள்வினையுடைமை 2401: 2398: 2389: 2386: 2377: 2374: 2365: 2362: 2353: 2350: 2341: 2338: 2329: 2326: 2317: 2314: 2305: 2302: 2293: 2290: 2281: 2278: 2269: 2266: 2257: 2254: 2245: 2242: 2233: 2230: 2221: 2218: 2209: 2206: 2197: 2194: 2193:kuṟṟaṅkaṭital 2189:குற்றங்கடிதல் 2185: 2182: 2173: 2170: 2161: 2158: 2149: 2146: 2137: 2134: 2125: 2124: 2120: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2102: 2099: 2090: 2087: 2078: 2075: 2066: 2063: 2054: 2051: 2042: 2039: 2030: 2027: 2018: 2015: 2006: 2003: 1994: 1991: 1986:கூடாவொழுக்கம் 1982: 1979: 1970: 1967: 1966:pulāṉmaṟuttal 1958: 1955: 1946: 1943: 1934: 1931: 1922: 1919: 1918:oppuravaṟital 1910: 1907: 1906:tīviṉaiyaccam 1898: 1895: 1886: 1883: 1874: 1871: 1862: 1859: 1850: 1847: 1846:poṟaiyuṭaimai 1838: 1835: 1826: 1823: 1814: 1811: 1802: 1799: 1790: 1787: 1778: 1775: 1766: 1763: 1758:விருந்தோம்பல் 1754: 1751: 1742: 1739: 1730: 1727: 1718: 1715: 1706: 1703: 1694: 1691: 1682: 1679: 1670: 1667: 1658: 1657: 1653: 1652: 1651: 1649: 1639: 1637: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1544: 1543:purushaarthas 1539: 1535: 1531: 1530:Bhagavad Gita 1526: 1522: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1492: 1488: 1485:s, with four 1484: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1458: 1455: 1448: 1440: 1436: 1426: 1422: 1419: 1415: 1405: 1401: 1398: 1394: 1384: 1380: 1379: 1357: 1356: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1343: 1332: 1330: 1324: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1262:(wealth) and 1261: 1257: 1250: 1247: 1239: 1229: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1185: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1149: 1147: 1143: 1138: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1117: 1108: 1103: 1099: 1097: 1096: 1091: 1088: 1084: 1083:Thiruvalluvar 1079: 1073: 1070: 1062: 1055: 1054:Thiruvalluvar 1045: 1043: 1042:Valluvar Year 1039: 1035: 1030: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1015: 1010: 1008: 1004: 1003: 998: 997: 991: 987: 983: 982:Thomas Burrow 978: 973: 970: 966: 962: 958: 954: 948: 938: 936: 932: 928: 924: 920: 916: 912: 908: 904: 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 880: 876: 871: 869: 864: 859: 858:Miron Winslow 854: 849: 844: 838: 832: 826: 820: 814: 808: 802: 796: 790: 783: 773: 771: 767: 763: 759: 755: 751: 747: 743: 739: 735: 731: 727: 723: 719: 718:Ilango Adigal 714: 712: 708: 703: 699: 695: 694: 687: 685: 681: 677: 673: 672: 667: 666: 661: 660: 655: 647: 643: 642: 638: 632: 623: 619: 618: 607: 602: 599: 597: 594: 592: 589: 588: 585: 582: 580: 577: 576: 573: 569: 566: 563: 561: 558: 557: 554: 551: 549: 546: 545: 542: 539: 537: 534: 533: 530: 527: 525: 522: 521: 518: 515: 513: 510: 509: 506: 503: 501: 498: 497: 494: 491: 489: 486: 485: 482: 479: 477: 474: 473: 470: 467: 465: 462: 461: 458: 457: 452: 449: 446: 444: 441: 440: 437: 434: 432: 429: 428: 425: 421: 418: 415: 413: 410: 409: 406: 403: 401: 400:Paṭṭiṉappālai 398: 397: 394: 391: 389: 386: 385: 382: 381:Maturaikkāñci 379: 377: 374: 373: 370: 369:Kuṟiñcippāṭṭu 367: 365: 362: 361: 358: 354: 351: 350:Patiṟṟuppattu 348: 346: 343: 342: 339: 336: 334: 331: 330: 327: 324: 322: 319: 318: 315: 312: 310: 307: 306: 303: 299: 296: 295: 290: 287: 284: 282: 279: 278: 275: 271: 268: 263: 256: 252: 248: 246: 227:at Wikisource 226: 225: 221: 217: 214: 208: 203: 200:Original text 197: 193: 187: 183: 179: 175: 169: 165: 161: 157: 154: 151: 147: 140: 137: 134: 131: 128: 125: 124: 122: 118: 115: 112: 108: 105: 102: 98: 95: 91: 87: 84: 81: 77: 73: 69: 65: 62: 59: 55: 48: 43: 37: 33: 19: 25799:Hedonophobia 25759:Deep ecology 25695: 25688: 25681: 25674: 25667: 25660: 25653: 25530:Satish Kumar 25388:Plain people 25353:Distributism 25267:Sattvic diet 25257:Permaculture 25252:Off-the-grid 25227:Gift economy 25197:Downshifting 25187:Cord-cutting 25011: 25001: 24991: 24981: 24971: 24961: 24951: 24941: 24931: 24921: 24911: 24901: 24891: 24881: 24871: 24861: 24281:Guicciardini 24264:Early modern 24100:Philosophers 24074:Conservatism 24069:Confucianism 24057:Distributism 23990:Social norms 23978:Sittlichkeit 23964:Ressentiment 23910:Institutions 23888:Human nature 23688:Iccha-mrityu 23653:Satkaryavada 23553:Nididhyasana 23538:Matsya Nyaya 23272:Madhvacharya 23102:Adi Shankara 23095:Philosophers 23078: 23071: 23054: 23035: 23028: 23019:Shiva Sutras 23009:Sangam texts 23001: 22994: 22985:Nyāya Sūtras 22965: 22958: 22941: 22931:Brahma Sutra 22930: 22922: 22915: 22910:Arthashastra 22908: 22901: 22843:Pratyabhijna 22723:Anekantavada 22492: 22448:Human rights 22391:After Virtue 22117:Schopenhauer 21891:Moral agency 21764:Common sense 21660:Universalism 21628:Expressivism 21608:Intuitionism 21579:Subjectivism 21524:Terraforming 21499:Professional 21216:Pink Peacock 21196:Minerva Café 21160:Veggie Grill 21145:Souley Vegan 21140:Slutty Vegan 21074:Alan Wakeman 21049:Haile Thomas 21039:Bryant Terry 20929:Richa Hingle 20924:Dick Gregory 20829:Mayim Bialik 20797:Tzachi Zamir 20752:Sidney Trist 20592:Clair Linzey 20412:Job Caudwell 20387:George Black 20332:William Axon 20286:Laura Wright 20256:Peter Singer 20251:Jérôme Segal 20241:Emelia Quinn 20236:David Pearce 20221:David Nibert 20216:Gemma Newman 20196:Reed Mangels 20186:Howard Lyman 20111:Joel Fuhrman 20086:Alan Desmond 20071:Brenda Davis 20041:Will Bonsall 19969: 19962: 19955: 19948: 19941: 19922: 19916:Maa Ka Doodh 19914: 19906: 19898: 19890: 19882: 19874: 19866: 19858: 19850: 19842: 19834: 19826: 19818: 19810: 19802: 19794: 19786: 19778: 19770: 19762: 19754: 19733: 19725: 19717: 19709: 19701: 19693: 19685: 19677: 19669: 19661: 19655:Skinny Bitch 19653: 19645: 19637: 19629: 19621: 19615:Fit for Life 19613: 19605: 19597: 19589: 19581: 19573: 19565: 19557: 19549: 19541: 19533: 19525: 19517: 19509: 19501: 19493: 19485: 19477: 19469: 19461: 19453: 19445: 19437: 19429: 19421: 19413: 19405: 19397: 19389: 19381: 19332:Viva! Health 19327:Veggie Pride 19215:Alcott House 19154:Plamil Foods 19131: 19072:Sausage roll 18948:Konjac jelly 18901:Coconut milk 18807:Christianity 18759:Meat paradox 18744:Deep ecology 18549:Raw veganism 18513:Perspectives 18458: 18445: 18322: 18309: 18296: 18273: 18250: 18246:Pentti Aalto 18242: 18234: 18226: 18182:H. A. Popley 18167:John Lazarus 18115: 18107: 18099: 18095:Gananath Das 18086: 18078: 18070: 18057: 18044: 18026: 18022:P. C. Kokila 18013: 17995:Translations 17880:Pari Perumal 17850:Manakkudavar 17829:Commentaries 17818: 17804: 17801:Truthfulness 17794: 17784: 17781:Selflessness 17774: 17764: 17754: 17745:Ava arutthal 17744: 17734: 17720: 17706: 17696: 17693:Impartiality 17687:Virundhombal 17686: 17676: 17666: 17656: 17646: 17636: 17626: 17616: 17571:Book of Aram 17400: 17375: 17367: 17349: 17342: 17328: 17321: 17314: 17307: 17292: 17286: 17279: 17275: 17265: 17250: 17240: 17233: 17226: 17216: 17209: 17199: 17181: 17164: 17157:. Retrieved 17152: 17136:. 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Retrieved 15634: 15630: 15609:(4): 15–23. 15606: 15602: 15577: 15573: 15564: 15555: 15551: 15522: 15518: 15505: 15501: 15476: 15472: 15455: 15451: 15434: 15430: 15397: 15393: 15376: 15372: 15347: 15343: 15331:. Retrieved 15326: 15322: 15296: 15281:. Retrieved 15277:the original 15256: 15252: 15239: 15235: 15214: 15210: 15198:. Retrieved 15193: 15189: 15154: 15135: 15131: 15112: 15103: 15083: 15063: 15044: 15031: 15021: 15011: 15000: 14980: 14971: 14968: 14948: 14938: 14929: 14909: 14888: 14879: 14875: 14872: 14852: 14839:. Retrieved 14824: 14803: 14790:. Retrieved 14775: 14755: 14736: 14727: 14718: 14699: 14679: 14658: 14637: 14627: 14608: 14599: 14590: 14570: 14560: 14551: 14542: 14532: 14522: 14513: 14493: 14473: 14454: 14445: 14436: 14426: 14405: 14384: 14374: 14366:திருக்குறள் 14365: 14342: 14322: 14312: 14303: 14294: 14282:. Retrieved 14267: 14257: 14239:Tiruvalluvar 14238: 14229: 14220: 14207: 14186: 14176: 14164:. Retrieved 14149: 14139: 14128:, retrieved 14113: 14100: 14091: 14072: 14052: 14042: 14022: 14012: 13993: 13975: 13965: 13945: 13935: 13925: 13904: 13894: 13882:. Retrieved 13867: 13857: 13837: 13826: 13816: 13797: 13778: 13769: 13761:உரை மரபுகள் 13760: 13751: 13742: 13733: 13723: 13713: 13686: 13666: 13656: 13636: 13606:– via 13596: 13581: 13568: 13558: 13554: 13543: 13539: 13536:Manakkudavar 13528: 13524: 13521:Manakkudavar 13509: 13495: 13473: 13451: 13421: 13394: 13382: 13370: 13358: 13346: 13334: 13322: 13310: 13298: 13286: 13274: 13267:Ganeri, 2007 13262: 13250: 13245:, p. 6. 13238: 13226: 13214: 13202: 13192: 13187: 13175: 13163: 13136: 13124: 13114: 13108: 13098: 13093: 13083: 13078: 13068: 13052:, 1 May 2016 13049: 13043: 13033: 13027: 13015: 13003: 12991: 12979: 12967: 12955: 12913: 12901: 12891: 12886: 12876: 12870: 12858: 12848: 12842: 12830: 12818: 12808: 12803: 12793: 12772: 12767:, p. 3. 12762: 12756: 12727: 12721: 12711: 12706: 12696: 12691: 12681: 12675: 12665: 12660: 12650: 12645: 12635: 12629: 12619: 12613: 12603: 12602:Sivapriyan, 12584: 12578: 12568: 12562: 12552: 12546: 12536: 12530: 12520: 12514: 12504: 12498: 12488: 12482: 12472: 12466: 12456: 12450: 12438: 12426: 12414: 12402: 12390: 12378: 12368: 12363: 12351: 12341: 12301: 12289: 12277: 12265: 12253: 12241: 12214: 12202: 12190: 12163: 12116: 12104: 12077: 12067: 12061: 12049: 12042:Hajela, 2008 12037: 12025: 12013: 12001: 11989: 11977: 11965: 11958:Pillai, 2015 11953: 11941: 11929: 11902: 11890: 11880: 11840: 11830: 11824: 11812: 11800: 11773: 11761: 11754:Cutler, 1992 11734: 11729: 11717: 11712:, p. x. 11710:Popley, 1931 11705: 11693: 11681: 11669: 11659: 11654: 11644: 11639: 11627: 11615: 11603: 11591: 11586:, p. 4. 11579: 11567: 11555: 11543: 11531: 11504: 11477: 11452: 11446: 11436: 11430: 11420: 11414: 11387: 11375: 11363: 11351: 11329:Cutler, 1992 11301:, p. 8. 11294: 11282: 11277:, p. 2. 11270: 11258: 11229: 11217: 11205: 11193: 11181: 11169: 11157: 11145: 11133: 11121: 11109: 11080: 11068: 11056: 11027: 11015: 11005: 10999: 10987: 10975: 10963: 10951: 10941: 10920: 10908: 10896: 10869: 10827: 10822:, p. 5. 10815: 10803: 10791: 10779: 10767: 10762:, p. 8. 10755: 10720: 10708: 10681: 10652: 10640: 10628: 10616: 10604: 10592: 10580: 10568: 10556: 10544: 10532: 10525:Hajela, 2008 10473: 10461: 10449: 10437: 10425: 10413: 10371: 10366: 10341: 10335: 10306: 10294: 10282: 10255: 10222: 10210: 10198: 10131: 10125: 10113: 10101: 10094:Sharma, 2018 10077:, p. 9. 10070: 10063:Pillai, 1972 10058: 10036:Pillai, 2015 10031: 10019: 10007: 9997: 9991: 9966: 9960: 9950: 9945: 9933: 9921: 9846: 9834: 9822: 9810: 9798: 9791:Ricard, 2016 9786: 9774: 9747: 9720: 9708: 9696: 9684: 9614: 9606: 9580:Pillai, 2015 9560: 9548: 9515: 9488: 9476: 9449: 9444:, p. 4. 9439: 9433: 9396:Pillai, 2015 9391: 9379: 9354: 9336: 9331: 9319: 9307: 9216: 9204: 9177: 9165: 9138: 9088: 9036: 9024: 9012: 8918:Dharani 2018 8824:Cutler, 1992 8819: 8766:, p. 5. 8742: 8730: 8706:Pillai, 1994 8701: 8674: 8570: 8562: 8500: 8495: 8490: 8489: 8484: 8479: 8466: 8461: 8460: 8451: 8446: 8445: 8440: 8435: 8430: 8429: 8423: 8418: 8417: 8410: 8406: 8400: 8396: 8392: 8387: 8386: 8376: 8371: 8370: 8357: 8352: 8347: 8346: 8341: 8337: 8333: 8329: 8321: 8313: 8308: 8307: 8296: 8291: 8290: 8285: 8281: 8277: 8272: 8267: 8266: 8261:John Lazarus 8254: 8249: 8248: 8234: 8229: 8228: 8223: 8218: 8213: 8212: 8204:non-violence 8177: 8172: 8171: 8096: 8095: 8083: 8079: 8078: 8064: 8063: 8047: 8046: 8002:Chŏng To-jŏn 7994: 7988: 7987: 7937: 7936: 7932: 7905:Kyoto School 7903: 7902: 7895: 7894: 7889: 7888: 7874: 7873: 7839: 7838: 7796:Japanese Zen 7786: 7785: 7781: 7724: 7723: 7712:Indian logic 7675: 7674: 7660: 7659: 7640: 7639: 7595:Indian logic 7580:Anekantavada 7537: 7536: 7524: 7523: 7506: 7505: 7496:Pratyabhijna 7464: 7463: 7448: 7447: 7446: 7431: 7430: 7429: 7415: 7414: 7413: 7398: 7397: 7396: 7381: 7380: 7379: 7344:Madhvacharya 7332:Adi Shankara 7306: 7305: 7304: 7289: 7288: 7287: 7247: 7246: 7245: 7239: 7207: 7206: 7193: 7192: 7132: 7131: 7122:Chinese Chan 7073:Han Buddhism 7071: 7070: 7058: 7057: 7043: 7042: 7023: 7022: 7000: 6999: 6977: 6971: 6970: 6951: 6950: 6926: 6925: 6877:Filial piety 6864: 6863: 6846: 6842:Confucianism 6840: 6839: 6833: 6748: 6739: 6712:Arthashastra 6707:Dharmaśāstra 6678:Nyāya Sūtras 6648: 6647: 6622: 6601: 6570: 6546: 6361:Swaminarayan 6226:Madhvacharya 6217:(Tattvavada) 6180:Adi Shankara 6083: 6067: 6051: 6044: 6037: 6030: 6023: 6018:Pratyabhijna 6016: 6009: 5993: 5986: 5979: 5972: 5965: 5958: 5951: 5944: 5937: 5919: 5902: 5884: 5877: 5870: 5863: 5856: 5828: 5821: 5814: 5807: 5800: 5793: 5696: 5652: 5623: 5590:(Liberation) 5580:Kevala Jñāna 5550:Epistemology 5540:Anekāntavāda 5458:through his 5448:non-violence 5441: 5417: 5405:social media 5379:, 1 each in 5354: 5330:Vinoba Bhave 5262: 5245:Marina Beach 5241:Indian Ocean 5186: 5181: 5167: 5124: 5108: 5100: 5088: 5084: 5069:Shaiva Hindu 5066: 5058: 5054: 4970: 4967:Tamil movies 4956: 4949: 4934: 4895: 4884: 4864: 4802:Ponsorimalai 4793: 4791: 4766:K. M. Munshi 4759: 4751:John Lazarus 4744: 4738: 4734: 4708: 4659: 4643: 4639: 4574:filial piety 4565: 4555: 4531:Tirumandiram 4523:Panchatantra 4510: 4508: 4494: 4490: 4486: 4482: 4480: 4475: 4471: 4467: 4463: 4461: 4456: 4452: 4448: 4444: 4440: 4436: 4432: 4428: 4424: 4416: 4412: 4408: 4406: 4399: 4395:Arthashastra 4393: 4389: 4383: 4373: 4369:Arthashastra 4367: 4359: 4353: 4349: 4346: 4313:Tamil-Brahmi 4310: 4289: 4287: 4282: 4266: 4264: 4258: 4254: 4250: 4234: 4218: 4214: 4210: 4208: 4183: 4181: 4156: 4127: 4112: 4110: 4104: 4090: 4078:Vaagri Booli 4027: 4024: 4016:John Lazarus 4003: 3999: 3985: 3945: 3941:British rule 3933: 3922: 3916: 3907:Translations 3901: 3896: 3842: 3813: 3796: 3794: 3788: 3784: 3770:Pari Perumal 3742:Manakkudavar 3735: 3730: 3720: 3715: 3706:Commentaries 3679: 3656:superlatives 3649: 3640:Tamil Wisdom 3639: 3625: 3620:hermeneutics 3615: 3611: 3608: 3602:John Lazarus 3600:(Kural 543; 3598: 3594: 3587: 3583: 3579: 3575: 3571: 3567: 3564: 3534: 3532: 3524:prostitution 3508:Sangam texts 3503: 3499: 3479: 3475: 3467: 3465: 3457:(Kural 323; 3455: 3451: 3447:Kural text. 3443: 3439: 3436: 3425: 3416: 3411: 3406: 3404: 3391: 3386: 3384: 3351:Manakkudavar 3342: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3314: 3310: 3308: 3287: 3283: 3280: 3270:): 1321–1330 3267: 3258:): 1311–1320 3255: 3246:): 1301–1310 3243: 3234:): 1291–1300 3231: 3222:): 1281–1290 3219: 3210:): 1271–1280 3207: 3198:): 1261–1270 3195: 3186:): 1251–1260 3184:niṟaiyaḻital 3183: 3174:): 1241–1250 3171: 3162:): 1231–1240 3159: 3150:): 1221–1230 3147: 3138:): 1211–1220 3135: 3126:): 1201–1210 3123: 3114:): 1191–1200 3111: 3102:): 1181–1190 3099: 3090:): 1171–1180 3087: 3078:): 1161–1170 3075: 3066:): 1151–1160 3064:pirivāṟṟāmai 3063: 3060:பிரிவாற்றாமை 3054:): 1141–1150 3051: 3042:): 1131–1140 3039: 3030:): 1121–1130 3027: 3018:): 1111–1120 3015: 3006:): 1101–1110 3003: 2994:): 1091–1100 2992:kuṟippaṟital 2991: 2988:குறிப்பறிதல் 2982:): 1081–1090 2979: 2963:): 1071–1080 2960: 2951:): 1061–1070 2948: 2939:): 1051–1060 2936: 2927:): 1041–1050 2924: 2915:): 1031–1040 2912: 2903:): 1021–1030 2900: 2897:குடிசெயல்வகை 2891:): 1011–1020 2888: 2879:): 1001–1010 2876: 2864: 2852: 2840: 2828: 2816: 2804: 2792: 2780: 2768: 2756: 2744: 2732: 2720: 2708: 2696: 2684: 2672: 2660: 2648: 2636: 2624: 2621:நட்பாராய்தல் 2612: 2600: 2588: 2576: 2564: 2552: 2541:avaiyañcāmai 2540: 2528: 2517:kuṟippaṟital 2516: 2513:குறிப்பறிதல் 2504: 2492: 2480: 2469:viṉaittiṭpam 2468: 2457:viṉaittūymai 2456: 2453:வினைத்தூய்மை 2444: 2432: 2420: 2408: 2396: 2385:ūkkamuṭaimai 2384: 2372: 2360: 2348: 2336: 2333:கொடுங்கோன்மை 2324: 2312: 2300: 2297:சுற்றந்தழால் 2288: 2276: 2264: 2252: 2240: 2228: 2216: 2204: 2192: 2180: 2168: 2156: 2144: 2132: 2113: 2109: 2097: 2085: 2082:மெய்யுணர்தல் 2073: 2061: 2049: 2038:iṉṉāceyyāmai 2037: 2025: 2013: 2001: 1990:kūṭāvoḻukkam 1989: 1977: 1965: 1953: 1941: 1929: 1917: 1914:ஒப்புரவறிதல் 1905: 1902:தீவினையச்சம் 1893: 1882:puṟaṅkūṟāmai 1881: 1869: 1857: 1845: 1833: 1821: 1818:ஒழுக்கமுடைமை 1809: 1797: 1794:நடுவு நிலைமை 1785: 1773: 1770:இனியவை கூறல் 1761: 1749: 1737: 1725: 1713: 1701: 1689: 1677: 1674:வான் சிறப்பு 1665: 1647: 1645: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1554:) and love ( 1551: 1547: 1541: 1534:epistemology 1527: 1523: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1461:The book on 1460: 1450: 1446: 1435:Book of Love 1424: 1403: 1382: 1354: 1353: 1340: 1338: 1328: 1325: 1316: 1291: 1287: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1252: 1242: 1233: 1201:non-violence 1186: 1166:Colonial era 1162:Christianity 1150: 1112: 1093: 1082: 1077: 1075: 1065: 1060: 1031: 1027: 1011: 1006: 1000: 996:Arthashastra 994: 974: 961:K. K. Pillay 950: 934: 922: 918: 914: 910: 906: 902: 898: 894: 890: 887:Tiruvalluvar 886: 878: 874: 872: 867: 853:neduvenpāttu 843:kuruvenpāttu 785: 715: 698:non-violence 691: 688: 670: 668:) and love ( 664: 658: 640: 639: 636: 616: 615: 613: 571: 476:Iṉṉā Nāṟpatu 454: 423: 393:Neṭunalvāṭai 388:Mullaippāṭṭu 292: 245:Tamil script 242: 222: 82: 36: 25831:Nonviolence 25749:Consumerism 25744:Bohemianism 25719:Agrarianism 25575:Leo Tolstoy 25505:Duane Elgin 25464:Small house 25383:Plain dress 25373:Monasticism 25368:Mindfulness 25277:Slow living 25068:Historicism 24897:(1835–1840) 24863:De Officiis 24587:de Beauvoir 24557:Baudrillard 24509:Vivekananda 24499:Tocqueville 24414:Kierkegaard 24230:Ibn Khaldun 24200:Alpharabius 24091:Personalism 24000:Stewardship 23957:Reification 23952:Natural law 23873:Familialism 23839:Culturalism 23733:Vivartavada 23623:Rājamaṇḍala 23578:Paramananda 23378:Apauruṣheyā 23373:Anupalabdhi 23232:Vivekananda 23197:Dharmakirti 23157:Buddhaghosa 23147:Yājñavalkya 22954:Jain Agamas 22949:Hindu texts 22828:Navya-Nyāya 22764:Svatantrika 22759:Sautrāntika 22648:Vaisheshika 22266:(c. 322 BC) 22132:Kierkegaard 21951:Stewardship 21728:Rousseauian 21645:Rationalism 21557:Cognitivism 21504:Programming 21479:Meat eating 21452:Engineering 21088:Restaurants 21044:Anna Thomas 21019:Derek Sarno 20899:Rose Elliot 20884:Yamuna Devi 20839:Gypsy Boots 20787:W. A. Sibly 20782:Frank Wokes 20662:Dean Ornish 20557:Norman Kerr 20537:Brian Hines 20522:Edward Hare 20507:John Haddon 20487:Greta Gaard 20417:James Clark 20407:Paul Carton 20372:Ragnar Berg 20367:Robert Bell 20362:Ernest Bell 20226:Jack Norris 20171:Renan Larue 20146:Melanie Joy 20141:Oscar Horta 20116:Kristi Funk 20096:Mylan Engel 20081:Jan Deckers 20076:Garth Davis 20066:Robert Cook 20031:Steven Best 19983:activists, 19981:Academics, 19791:(2003–2005) 19559:Ten Talents 19270:Friday Fast 18997:Plant cream 18938:Carrageenan 18886:Agave syrup 18774:Sentientism 18764:Nonviolence 18700:Vegan media 18695:Restaurants 18670:Vegetarians 18644:Ecofeminism 18254:E. S. Ariel 18116:Saurashtra: 18030:L. Gundappa 17976:Karunanidhi 17961:V. Munusamy 17941:Thiru Vi Ka 17751:Non-killing 17683:Hospitality 17597:Kural Venba 17546:Other names 17115:12 February 17069:7 September 17048:18 November 16895:TamilVU.org 16851:Minnambalam 16786:24 December 16760:18 November 16639:5 September 16618:3 September 16597:3 September 16513:3 September 16429:28 December 16347:11 February 16327:2 September 16306:30 December 16286:11 February 16282:. New Delhi 16244:6 September 16219:. New Delhi 16202:3 September 16144:28 November 16124:13 December 16103:28 November 15957:6 September 15791:3 September 15750:13 February 15745:India Today 15721:26 November 15656:18 November 15200:26 November 15041:Muthiah, S. 14284:13 December 14166:13 December 14130:8 September 13315:Nikam, 1952 13255:Flood, 2004 13156:Engel, 2000 13129:Walsh, 2018 13084:India Today 13067:Saravanan, 13050:Live Law.in 12847:Kabirdoss, 12835:Bhatt, 2020 12455:S. Prasad, 12246:Parel, 2002 11497:Graul, 1856 10820:Joshi, 2021 10701:Kumar, 1999 10573:Aiyar, 1916 9996:Nagarajan, 9895:Kumar, 1999 8303:Agriculture 8183:eating meat 8091:Jaegwon Kim 7801:Sōtō school 7705:Dharmakirti 7450:Vaisheshika 7433:Navya-Nyāya 7368:Vivekananda 7363:Neo-Vedanta 7283:Yajnavalkya 6966:Mou Zongsan 6961:Xiong Shili 6917: [ 6905: [ 6688:Yoga Sutras 6640:Vachanamrut 6595:Atharvaveda 6548:Major texts 6498:Vaisheshika 6437:Vivekananda 6427:Neo-Vedanta 6321:Chakradhara 6311:Mahanubhava 6236:Vyasatirtha 6061:Neo-Vedanta 6032:Pramanavada 6025:Panchartika 5981:Mahanubhava 5929:Vaishnavite 5903:Sub-schools 5816:Vaisheshika 5709:Pt. Sukhlāl 5675:Nemichandra 5609:(Community) 5444:Leo Tolstoy 5413:non-killing 5395:, and 4 in 5361:Manimekalai 5298:E. S. Ariel 5282:Leo Tolstoy 5237:Arabian Sea 5197:Pondicherry 5191:, Chennai, 5189:Kanyakumari 5085:Tirukkuṟaḷ' 4823:Kapilamalai 4819:Naranapuram 4774:E. S. Ariel 4724:Leo Tolstoy 4692:Manimekalai 4676:Vaishnavism 4578:benevolence 4468:Arthasastra 4453:Manimekalai 4206:) in 1595. 4196:South India 4170:Publication 4160:Brahmanical 4114:Kural venba 4082:Narikuravas 3965:E. S. Ariel 3939:during the 3865:Thiru Vi Ka 3809:Kanchipuram 3582:), allies ( 3556:meat-eating 3548:non-killing 3512:meat-eating 3412:Tolkappiyam 2867:): 991–1000 2865:paṇpuṭaimai 2781:kaḷḷuṇṇāmai 2777:கள்ளுண்ணாமை 2625:naṭpārāytal 2529:avaiyaṟital 2337:koṭuṅkōṉmai 2301:cuṟṟantaḻāl 2253:kālamaṟital 2241:valiyaṟital 2181:aṟivuṭaimai 2098:avāvaṟuttal 2094:அவாவறுத்தல் 2086:meyyuṇartal 1954:aruḷuṭaimai 1878:புறங்கூறாமை 1858:aḻukkāṟāmai 1854:அழுக்காறாமை 1806:அடக்கமுடைமை 1762:viruntōmpal 1710:இல்வாழ்க்கை 1678:vāṉ ciṟappu 1550:), wealth ( 1538:metaphysics 1452:(Kural 31; 1423:Book III – 1342:kural venba 1304:Vaishnavite 1292:Arthasastra 1213:non-killing 1164:during the 1146:Elelasingan 1107:Kanyakumari 1069:E. S. Ariel 879:Uttaravedam 848:Tolkappiyam 837:kuṟaḷ pāttu 726:Leo Tolstoy 662:), wealth ( 626:திருக்குறள் 584:Ramavataram 536:Ācārakkōvai 529:Tirikaṭukam 488:Kār Nāṟpatu 309:Aiṅkurunūṟu 286:Tolkāppiyam 219:Translation 207:திருக்குறள் 159:Set in 72:திருக்குறள் 40:Tirukkuṟaḷ 25872:Tirukkural 25861:Categories 25774:Food miles 25724:Amateurism 25616:Jim Merkel 25596:Mark Boyle 25550:Nick Rosen 25469:Tiny house 25403:Temperance 25348:Detachment 25343:Asceticism 25338:Aparigraha 25217:Freeganism 25202:Dry toilet 25073:Humanities 25033:Agnotology 24692:Kołakowski 24255:Ibn Tufayl 24235:Maimonides 24179:Thucydides 24174:Tertullian 24129:Lactantius 24024:Volksgeist 24005:Traditions 23819:Convention 23683:Svātantrya 23573:Paramatman 23528:Kshetrajna 23503:Ishvaratva 23443:Cittabhumi 23438:Chidabhasa 23388:Asiddhatva 23308:Abhasavada 23282:Guru Nanak 23217:Vasubandhu 23043:Upanishads 23037:Tirukkuṟaḷ 22996:Panchadasi 22801:Bhedabheda 22749:Madhyamaka 22589:Monotheism 22162:Bonhoeffer 21871:Immorality 21814:Eudaimonia 21774:Conscience 21769:Compassion 21655:Skepticism 21650:Relativism 21567:Naturalism 21547:Absolutism 21519:Technology 21369:Deontology 21282:Low-carbon 21262:Vegaphobia 21100:Cinnaholic 21069:Nisha Vora 20999:Gaz Oakley 20909:Toni Fiore 20874:Pinky Cole 20869:Hannah Che 20824:Nava Atlas 20682:Rod Preece 20667:Felix Ortt 20467:T. Forster 20377:Rynn Berry 20300:Vegetarian 20191:Al-Ma'arri 19987:physicians 19943:Naked Food 19860:Cowspiracy 19804:Earthlings 19735:Meat Atlas 19255:Jewish Veg 19208:Vegetarian 19184:Veganmania 19164:Vegan flag 19047:Vegetables 19022:Soy yogurt 19002:Plant milk 18784:Tirukkuṟaḷ 18779:Speciesism 18654:By country 18614:Orthopathy 18318:Karl Graul 18282:Karl Graul 18119:Sankhu Ram 18058:Malayalam: 17855:Dhamatthar 17653:Discipline 17633:Compassion 17512:Tirukkural 17463:Literature 17427:Philosophy 17392:(in Tamil) 17376:The Kural, 17276:Tirukkuṟaḷ 17227:Kuraloviam 17138:14 October 17093:|url= 17004:(in Tamil) 16984:1 November 16946:6 November 16941:LiveLaw.in 16912:"Kuralism" 16901:6 February 16871:Jain Samaj 16856:17 January 16740:1 November 16699:6 November 16534:6 November 16492:6 November 16160:Thirukural 15978:21 January 15895:20 October 15875:21 January 15770:12 October 15732:Newspapers 15134:Tirukkural 15094:8120604008 14835:9004041907 14786:9004035915 14719:குறளமுதம் 14504:8170173426 14416:8120600223 14395:8120609557 13827:Tirukkural 13608:Wikisource 13593:Valluvar. 13485:Wikisource 13435:References 13363:Kane, 2015 12519:Madhavan, 11879:Kolappan, 11829:Madhavan, 11451:Kolappan, 11435:Kolappan, 11419:Kolappan, 9938:Than, 2011 9926:Drew, 1840 9372:Pope, 1886 8485:Tirukkuṟaḷ 8480:Tirukkuṟaḷ 8472:Royapettai 8441:Tirukkuṟaḷ 8397:Commentary 8342:Veettuppāl 8322:Gnanakural 8282:Arattuppal 8012:Yi Eonjeok 7933:Traditions 7869:Ogyū Sorai 7864:Itō Jinsai 7859:Nakae Tōju 7782:Traditions 7700:Vasubandhu 7683:Madhyamika 7676:Traditions 7670:The Buddha 7650:Haribhadra 7620:Nondualism 7322:Badarayana 7268:Ashtavakra 7171:Tsongkhapa 7159:Longchenpa 7038:Shang Yang 6717:Kama Sutra 6603:Upanishads 6231:Jayatirtha 6161:(Mayavada) 6149:Prabhākara 5939:Bhedabheda 5690:Yaśovijaya 5685:Hemacandra 5680:Haribhadra 5631:Kundakunda 5385:Ten Idylls 5357:Purananuru 5306:Karl Graul 5239:, and the 5182:Tirukkuṟaḷ 5178:Thiruvarur 5093:Vasukiamma 5089:Tirukkuṟaḷ 5059:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4996:Jallikattu 4971:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4969:. Several 4896:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4839:Royapettah 4798:Kongu Nadu 4794:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4716:G. U. Pope 4543:Dhammapada 4527:Manusmriti 4519:Hitopadesa 4511:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4495:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4491:Manusmriti 4487:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4464:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4457:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4449:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4445:Perunkatai 4441:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4433:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4429:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4425:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4413:Kuruntokai 4409:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4401:Manusmriti 4390:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4380:Vatsyayana 4355:Manusmriti 4350:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4290:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4267:Tirukkaral 4259:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4215:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4211:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4184:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4148:R. N. Ravi 4107:on display 4105:Tirukkuṟaḷ 4008:W. H. Drew 3973:Karl Graul 3917:Tirukkuṟaḷ 3758:Paridhiyar 3750:Dhamatthar 3716:Tirukkuṟaḷ 3699:See also: 3541:and other 3528:Tamil land 3492:Indologist 3432:third book 3299:Tiruvallur 3268:ūṭaluvakai 3180:நிறையழிதல் 2889:nāṇuṭaimai 2855:): 981–990 2849:சான்றாண்மை 2843:): 971–980 2831:): 961–970 2819:): 951–960 2807:): 941–950 2795:): 931–940 2783:): 921–930 2771:): 911–920 2759:): 901–910 2747:): 891–900 2735:): 881–890 2723:): 871–880 2711:): 861–870 2709:pakaimāṭci 2705:பகை மாட்சி 2699:): 851–860 2687:): 841–850 2675:): 831–840 2663:): 821–830 2657:கூடா நட்பு 2651:): 811–820 2639:): 801–810 2627:): 791–800 2615:): 781–790 2603:): 771–780 2591:): 761–770 2589:paṭaimāṭci 2579:): 751–760 2567:): 741–750 2555:): 731–740 2543:): 721–730 2537:அவையஞ்சாமை 2531:): 711–720 2519:): 701–710 2507:): 691–700 2495:): 681–690 2483:): 671–680 2471:): 661–670 2459:): 651–660 2447:): 641–650 2435:): 631–640 2423:): 621–630 2411:): 611–620 2399:): 601–610 2397:maṭiyiṉmai 2387:): 591–600 2381:ஊக்கமுடைமை 2375:): 581–590 2363:): 571–580 2357:கண்ணோட்டம் 2351:): 561–570 2339:): 551–560 2327:): 541–550 2321:செங்கோன்மை 2315:): 531–540 2313:poccāvāmai 2309:பொச்சாவாமை 2303:): 521–530 2291:): 511–520 2279:): 501–510 2267:): 491–500 2265:iṭaṉaṟital 2255:): 481–490 2243:): 471–480 2231:): 461–470 2219:): 451–460 2207:): 441–450 2195:): 431–440 2183:): 421–430 2171:): 411–420 2159:): 401–410 2147:): 391–400 2135:): 381–390 2116:): 371–380 2100:): 361–370 2088:): 351–360 2076:): 341–350 2064:): 331–340 2062:nilaiyāmai 2052:): 321–330 2040:): 311–320 2028:): 301–310 2016:): 291–300 2004:): 281–290 1992:): 271–280 1980:): 261–270 1968:): 251–260 1956:): 241–250 1944:): 231–240 1932:): 221–230 1920:): 211–220 1908:): 201–210 1896:): 191–200 1884:): 181–190 1872:): 171–180 1860:): 161–170 1848:): 151–160 1842:பொறையுடைமை 1836:): 141–150 1824:): 131–140 1812:): 121–130 1800:): 111–120 1788:): 101–110 1750:aṉpuṭaimai 1648:Tirukkuṟaḷ 1502:Tirukkuṟaḷ 1402:Book II – 1355:Tirukkuṟaḷ 1317:Tirukkuṟaḷ 1309:Brahminism 1258:(virtue), 1226:Śvetāmbara 1178:Alexandria 1022:loan words 1002:Manusmriti 923:Tamilmarai 875:Tirukkuṟaḷ 868:Tirukkuṟaḷ 789:Tirukkuṟaḷ 770:Tamil Nadu 746:Karl Graul 711:Tamil land 707:Sangam era 617:Tirukkuṟaḷ 524:Tirukkuṟaḷ 357:Ten Idylls 333:Kuṟuntokai 326:Kalittokai 321:Puṟanāṉūṟu 265:Topics in 224:Tirukkuṟaḷ 213:Wikisource 164:Sangam era 89:Translator 18:Tirukkuṛaḷ 25821:Itinerant 25714:Affluenza 25398:Rastafari 25363:Mendicant 25247:No frills 25222:Frugality 25192:DIY ethic 25175:Practices 25113:Sociology 25063:Historism 24772:Santayana 24742:Oakeshott 24712:MacIntyre 24697:Kropotkin 24672:Heidegger 24525:centuries 24439:Nietzsche 24404:Jefferson 24389:Helvétius 24354:Condorcet 24317:centuries 24301:Montaigne 24124:Confucius 24114:Augustine 24031:Worldview 23925:Modernity 23898:Formation 23543:Mithyatva 23433:Chaitanya 23428:Catuṣkoṭi 23393:Asatkalpa 23368:Anavastha 23343:Aishvarya 23262:Sakayanya 23257:Sadananda 23222:Gaudapada 23207:Nagarjuna 23162:Patañjali 22978:Principal 22960:Kamasutra 22754:Yogachara 22673:Raseśvara 22423:Casuistry 22335:Either/Or 22242:Korsgaard 22237:Azurmendi 22202:MacIntyre 22142:Nietzsche 22072:Augustine 22067:Confucius 22047:Aristotle 22023:Ethicists 21981:Intrinsic 21946:Suffering 21856:Happiness 21829:Free will 21809:Etiquette 21754:Authority 21698:Epicurean 21693:Confucian 21688:Christian 21623:Emotivism 21447:Discourse 21384:Pragmatic 21356:Normative 21079:Joe Yonan 20815:Chefs and 20577:Elmer Lee 20246:Tom Regan 20151:Joel Kahn 19985:authors, 19935:Magazines 19844:Vegucated 19355:Companies 19189:Veganuary 18987:Mock duck 18879:and drink 18854:Rastafari 18794:Religious 18685:Festivals 18649:Nutrition 18566:Nutrition 18365:Memorials 18323:Mandarin: 18297:Japanese: 18219:languages 18108:Sanskrit: 18014:Gujarati: 18006:languages 17885:Kaalingar 17755:Kollaamai 17673:Gratitude 17028:23 August 16823:. Chennai 16821:The Hindu 16775:The Hindu 16754:The Hindu 16693:The Hindu 16633:The Hindu 16612:The Hindu 16591:The Hindu 16570:The Hindu 16507:The Hindu 16465:The Hindu 16444:The Hindu 16423:The Hindu 16382:The Hindu 16362:The Hindu 16280:Firstpost 16265:5 January 16259:The Hindu 16238:The Hindu 16196:The Hindu 16183:Dinamalar 16061:26 August 16055:The Hindu 16014:The Hindu 15993:Times Now 15951:The Hindu 15910:The Hindu 15889:Dinamalar 15869:The Hindu 15854:5 October 15848:The Hindu 15806:The Hindu 15651:2230-9926 15594:0004-9913 15539:255061727 15422:170907654 15283:20 August 15273:144101632 15196:(1): 9–16 14351:cite book 13770:வள்ளுவம் 13569:மணிமேகலை 13457:புறநானூறு 13115:The Hindu 13099:The Hindu 12892:The Hindu 12877:The Hindu 12763:The Hindu 12636:Firstpost 12585:The Hindu 12569:The Hindu 12567:Sujatha, 12553:The Hindu 12537:The Hindu 12521:The Hindu 12505:The Hindu 12489:The Hindu 12457:The Hindu 12342:The Hindu 12068:Dinamalar 11881:The Hindu 11831:The Hindu 11660:Dinamalar 11645:The Hindu 11453:The Hindu 11437:The Hindu 11421:The Hindu 11006:Times Now 10942:The Hindu 10340:Vamanan, 9998:The Hindu 9965:Nivetha, 9440:The Hindu 8642:Citations 8501:asiriyapa 8280:) in the 8074:Choe Je-u 8032:Bak Jiwon 7762:Emptiness 7688:Nagarjuna 7409:Patanjali 7373:Aurobindo 7327:Gaudapada 7278:Vashistha 7033:Han Feizi 6995:Lie Yukou 6854:Confucius 6727:Tirumurai 6585:Yajurveda 6489:Patanjali 6442:Aurobindo 6407:Bamakhepa 6341:Sankardev 6170:Gaudapada 5844:Heterodox 5714:Bal Patil 5660:Pujyapada 5213:Singapore 5193:Bengaluru 5168:In 1976, 5155:Tiruchuli 5147:Vilvarani 5143:Senapathy 5127:Tiruchuli 4946:New Delhi 4892:Bharadwaj 4780:, former 4696:Tirumurai 4605:Reception 4570:Confucius 4385:Kamasutra 4255:Naladiyar 4223:Naladiyar 4219:Nalatiyar 4200:Malayalam 3821:Thanjavur 3805:Vaishnava 3774:Kaalingar 3543:Abrahamic 3484:palanquin 3422:Substance 3277:Structure 2949:iravaccam 2925:nalkuravu 2861:பண்புடைமை 2853:cāṉṟāṇmai 2661:kūṭānaṭpu 2585:படைமாட்சி 2525:அவையறிதல் 2445:colvaṉmai 2441:சொல்வன்மை 2393:மடியின்மை 2361:kaṇṇōṭṭam 2325:ceṅkōṉmai 2249:காலமறிதல் 2237:வலியறிதல் 2177:அறிவுடைமை 2133:iṟaimāṭci 2129:இறைமாட்சி 2026:vekuḷāmai 1950:அருளுடைமை 1776:): 91–100 1746:அன்புடைமை 1714:ilvāḻkkai 1381:Book I – 1222:Digambara 1174:Pantaenus 1120:Vellalars 990:Dravidian 975:In 1959, 903:Potumarai 891:Poyyamoli 786:The term 596:Tirumuṟai 565:Kainnilai 464:Nālaṭiyār 345:Paripāṭal 314:Akanāṉūṟu 281:Agattiyam 211:at Tamil 104:Old Tamil 25897:Veganism 25836:Peak oil 25764:Degrowth 25580:Valluvar 25439:Car-free 25302:Veganism 25126:Category 25038:Axiology 25026:See also 24817:Voegelin 24807:Spengler 24782:Shariati 24737:Nussbaum 24722:Maritain 24682:Irigaray 24662:Habermas 24627:Foucault 24612:Durkheim 24514:Voltaire 24479:de Staël 24454:Rousseau 24379:Franklin 24240:Muhammad 24225:Gelasius 24210:Avempace 24193:Medieval 24169:Polybius 24164:Plutarch 23930:Morality 23905:Ideology 23893:Identity 23802:Concepts 23708:Tanmatra 23703:Tajjalan 23693:Syādvāda 23593:Pradhana 23568:Padārtha 23533:Lakshana 23478:Ekagrata 23323:Adrishta 23318:Adarsana 23296:Concepts 23277:Mahavira 23242:Ramanuja 23192:Chanakya 23127:Avatsara 23122:Valluvar 23062:Vedangas 22876:Gandhism 22779:Medieval 22728:Syādvāda 22713:Charvaka 22685:Pāṇiniya 22579:Idealism 22513:Category 22453:Ideology 22418:Axiology 22247:Nussbaum 22197:Frankena 22192:Anscombe 22182:Williams 22137:Sidgwick 22057:Valluvar 22052:Diogenes 22037:Socrates 21961:Theodicy 21956:Sympathy 21921:Pacifism 21911:Morality 21824:Fidelity 21804:Equality 21759:Autonomy 21747:Concepts 21708:Feminist 21683:Buddhist 21613:Nihilism 21552:Axiology 21509:Research 21442:Computer 21437:Business 21059:Jeeca Uy 20757:Valluvar 19892:Dominion 19738:(annual) 19375:journals 19373:reports, 19302:Swissveg 19133:Go Vegan 19037:Tofurkey 18817:Hinduism 18802:Buddhism 18559:Hardline 18521:Veganism 18502:Veganism 18447:Category 18243:Finnish: 18100:Punjabi: 18071:Marathi: 18045:Konkani: 18027:Kannada: 17845:Dharumar 17837:Medieval 17815:Veganism 17761:Patience 17731:Kindness 17406:LibriVox 17159:17 April 17084:cite web 16965:22 April 16916:Kuralism 16827:18 March 16806:6 August 16713:Dinamani 16471:6 August 16408:30 April 16388:30 April 15812:26 April 15615:42743392 15567:: 41–42. 15565:Tughluq 15385:26906235 15223:29757156 15043:(2014). 13985:58586438 13884:12 March 13578:Sekkiḻar 13553:(2009). 13538:(2003). 13523:(1917). 13468:Avvaiyar 13113:Murthi, 12933:Lal 1992 12792:Kannan, 12634:Gandhi, 12340:Rangan, 11004:Pandey, 10874:Lal 1992 10645:Valluvar 10478:Lal 1992 10466:Lal 1992 10024:Lal 1992 9066:Lal 1992 8933:Das 1997 8747:Lal 1992 8318:Avvaiyar 8017:Yi Hwang 7969:Cheontae 7876:Kokugaku 7695:Yogacara 7662:Buddhism 7655:Umaswati 7532:Chanakya 7519:Valluvar 7514:Valluvam 7479:Charvaka 7356:Ramanuja 7025:Legalism 7013:Yin yang 6990:Zhuangzi 6811:a series 6809:Part of 6763:Hinduism 6650:Shastras 6590:Samaveda 6525:Valluvar 6296:Nimbarka 6256:Vallabha 6200:Ramanuja 6088:Acharyas 6084:Teachers 6003:Shaivite 5911:Smartist 5872:Buddhism 5858:Charvaka 5781:Orthodox 5757:a series 5755:Part of 5670:Jinasena 5665:Akalanka 5653:Medieval 5641:Umāsvāmi 5575:Vitalism 5545:Syādvāda 5532:Concepts 5507:a series 5505:Part of 5474:See also 5383:and the 5274:Sekkilar 5209:Puttalam 5205:Haridwar 5151:Mylapore 5120:Mylapore 5097:Kamakshi 5077:Mylapore 4867:Shivaite 4815:Palladam 4684:Buddhism 4672:Shaivism 4663:Avvaiyar 4564:(called 4547:Gulistan 4417:Narrinai 4375:Nitisara 4364:Kautilya 4315:script, 4279:Shaivism 4253:and the 4152:Anglican 3746:Dharumar 3740:include 3727:exegesis 3552:veracity 3520:polygamy 3461:, 1916). 3303:veganism 2945:இரவச்சம் 2921:நல்குரவு 2885:நாணுடைமை 2673:pētaimai 2649:tī naṭpu 2645:தீ நட்பு 2637:paḻaimai 2369:ஒற்றாடல் 2261:இடனறிதல் 2157:kallāmai 2058:நிலையாமை 2050:kollāmai 2046:கொல்லாமை 2022:வெகுளாமை 2002:kaḷḷāmai 1870:veḵkāmai 1764:): 81–90 1752:): 71–80 1740:): 61–70 1728:): 51–60 1716:): 41–50 1704:): 31–40 1692:): 21–30 1680:): 11–20 1456:, 1840). 1335:Contents 1193:Hinduism 1126:father. 1116:Paraiyar 1087:Shaivite 1019:Sanskrit 899:Teyvanul 680:Valluvar 338:Natṟiṇai 135:politics 100:Language 61:Valluvar 25809:commune 25707:Related 25393:Quakers 25207:Fasting 24867:(44 BC) 24797:Sombart 24792:Skinner 24777:Scruton 24757:Polanyi 24732:Niebuhr 24717:Marcuse 24652:Gramsci 24647:Gentile 24607:Du Bois 24597:Deleuze 24567:Benoist 24537:Agamben 24494:Thoreau 24484:Stirner 24474:Spencer 24424:Le Play 24374:Fourier 24359:Emerson 24344:Carlyle 24329:Bentham 24306:Müntzer 24276:Erasmus 24250:Plethon 24245:Photios 24205:Aquinas 24139:Mencius 24107:Ancient 24040:Schools 23920:Loyalty 23878:History 23866:Counter 23861:Culture 23829:Customs 23753:More... 23723:Upekkhā 23718:Uparati 23698:Taijasa 23673:Śūnyatā 23643:Saṃsāra 23638:Samadhi 23603:Prakṛti 23558:Nirvāṇa 23508:Jivatva 23498:Ikshana 23453:Devatas 23423:Bhumika 23413:Brahman 23403:Avyakta 23348:Akrodha 23328:Advaita 23287:More... 23182:Jaimini 23086:More... 22796:Advaita 22786:Vedanta 22744:Śūnyatā 22703:Ājīvika 22695:Nāstika 22663:Vedanta 22658:Mīmāṃsā 22638:Samkhya 22618:Ancient 22574:Atomism 22569:Atheism 22411:Related 22157:Tillich 22122:Bentham 22097:Spinoza 22092:Aquinas 22077:Mencius 21991:Western 21966:Torture 21931:Precept 21886:Loyalty 21881:Liberty 21876:Justice 21789:Dignity 21779:Consent 21723:Kantian 21713:Islamic 21676:Schools 21562:Realism 21494:Nursing 21489:Medical 21474:Machine 21414:Applied 21235:Related 21135:Purezza 19964:VegNews 19884:Carnage 19828:Planeat 19067:Sausage 19057:Hot dog 18943:Gulaman 18921:legumes 18916:cereals 18859:Sikhism 18844:Judaism 18839:Jainism 18822:Sattvic 18739:Carnism 18721:Secular 18634:Cuisine 18609:History 18544:History 18459:Commons 18339:Culture 18274:German: 18251:French: 18235:Fijian: 18129:English 18079:Meitei: 17865:Paridhi 17860:Nacchar 17805:Vaaimai 17795:Adakkam 17785:Thuravu 17771:Penance 17717:Destiny 17657:Olukkam 17590:Grammar 17519:History 17413:Portals 17008:25 June 16926:5 March 16877:15 June 16719:2 March 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Delhi 16040:19 June 15999:19 June 15493:1397274 15443:4400205 15414:4488055 15310:1814582 14841:7 March 14792:7 March 13048:Ashok, 12712:Outlook 9967:DT Next 9951:DT Next 8402:bhashya 8208:Engel's 8187:harming 8084:Persons 8066:Donghak 7995:Persons 7964:Uicheon 7897:Statism 7827:Shingon 7752:Nirvana 7717:Dignāga 7642:Jainism 7630:Pramana 7625:Samadhi 7585:Brahman 7550:Atomism 7474:Ājīvika 7383:Samkhya 7317:Advaita 7308:Vedanta 7300:Jaimini 7291:Mimamsa 7258:Agastya 7154:Nyingma 7081:Tientai 7066:Sun Tzu 6978:Persons 6859:Mencius 6847:Persons 6702:Puranas 6580:Rigveda 6518:Secular 6466:Samkhya 6159:Advaita 6139:Jaimini 6129:Mīmāṃsā 5921:Advaita 5879:Jainism 5865:Ājīvika 5830:Vedanta 5823:Mīmāṃsā 5795:Samkhya 5624:Ancient 5174:Chennai 5163:Saivite 5161:of the 5109:iluppai 5105:oil-nut 5081:Chennai 4994:. When 4843:Chennai 4680:Jainism 4654:campus. 4586:loyalty 4499:Brahmin 4327:at the 4136:பிறவாழி 3981:Leipzig 3754:Nacchar 3652:similes 3580:amaiccu 3264:ஊடலுவகை 2961:kayamai 2841:perumai 2817:kuṭimai 2805:maruntu 2801:மருந்து 2733:uṭpakai 2433:amaiccu 2429:அமைச்சு 2373:oṟṟāṭal 2153:கல்லாமை 1998:கள்ளாமை 1866:வெஃகாமை 1189:Jainism 1137:Agastya 1124:Brahmin 1025:texts. 676:secular 633: 591:Tevaram 132:society 120:Subject 25697:Walden 25631:Thomas 25449:Hippie 25262:Regift 25182:Barter 25058:Ethics 25017:(2010) 25007:(1991) 24997:(1990) 24987:(1987) 24977:(1987) 24967:(1979) 24957:(1976) 24947:(1967) 24937:(1964) 24927:(1949) 24917:(1935) 24907:(1930) 24887:(1756) 24877:(1486) 24822:Walzer 24812:Taylor 24802:Sowell 24787:Simmel 24752:Pareto 24747:Ortega 24657:Guénon 24642:Gehlen 24637:Gandhi 24592:Debord 24577:Butler 24572:Berlin 24562:Bauman 24552:Badiou 24542:Arendt 24532:Adorno 24464:Ruskin 24419:Le Bon 24394:Herder 24369:Fichte 24364:Engels 24334:Bonald 24324:Arnold 24296:Milton 24291:Luther 24271:Calvin 24149:Origen 24119:Cicero 24079:Social 24015:Family 24010:Values 23971:Rights 23935:Public 23883:Honour 23814:Anomie 23809:Agency 23728:Utsaha 23678:Sutram 23668:Sthiti 23663:Sphoṭa 23633:Sakshi 23618:Puruṣa 23598:Prajna 23563:Niyama 23523:Kasaya 23468:Dravya 23458:Dharma 23418:Bhuman 23408:Bhrama 23363:Ananta 23358:Anatta 23353:Aksara 23338:Ahimsa 23313:Abheda 23303:Abhava 23252:Raikva 23172:Kapila 23167:Kanada 22864:Modern 22838:Shaiva 22806:Dvaita 22708:Ajñana 22668:Shaiva 22626:Āstika 22609:Moksha 22562:Topics 22402:(1984) 22394:(1981) 22386:(1979) 22378:(1971) 22370:(1903) 22362:(1887) 22354:(1874) 22346:(1861) 22338:(1843) 22330:(1820) 22322:(1788) 22314:(1785) 22306:(1780) 22298:(1759) 22290:(1740) 22282:(1726) 22274:(1677) 22232:Taylor 22217:Parfit 22212:Singer 22187:Mackie 22062:Cicero 22003:Virtue 21936:Rights 21861:Honour 21718:Jewish 21514:Sexual 21422:Animal 21404:Virtue 21348:Ethics 20166:Aph Ko 19927:(2024) 19919:(2023) 19911:(2018) 19903:(2018) 19895:(2018) 19887:(2017) 19879:(2017) 19871:(2015) 19863:(2014) 19855:(2013) 19847:(2011) 19839:(2011) 19831:(2010) 19823:(2010) 19815:(2007) 19807:(2005) 19799:(2004) 19783:(2002) 19775:(1998) 19767:(1991) 19759:(1981) 19730:(2022) 19722:(2020) 19714:(2018) 19706:(2016) 19698:(2015) 19690:(2009) 19682:(2009) 19674:(2006) 19666:(2006) 19658:(2005) 19650:(2005) 19642:(1997) 19634:(1990) 19626:(1987) 19618:(1985) 19610:(1977) 19602:(1976) 19594:(1975) 19586:(1973) 19578:(1972) 19570:(1971) 19562:(1968) 19554:(1954) 19546:(1927) 19538:(1910) 19530:(1907) 19522:(1904) 19514:(1903) 19506:(1898) 19498:(1896) 19490:(1895) 19482:(1892) 19474:(1891) 19466:(1886) 19458:(1883) 19450:(1845) 19442:(1845) 19434:(1835) 19426:(1824) 19418:(1814) 19410:(1813) 19402:(1812) 19394:(1802) 19371:Books, 19194:Veganz 19102:events 19097:Groups 19042:Cheese 19027:Tempeh 19017:Seitan 19007:Quinoa 18960:Jambon 18911:Grains 18906:Fruits 18864:Taoism 18827:Ahimsa 18713:Ethics 18675:Vegans 18401:Legacy 18326:Yu Hsi 18310:Latin: 18227:Czech: 18004:Indian 17899:Modern 17875:Mallar 17775:Thavam 17677:Nandri 17663:Giving 17643:Dharma 17613:Ahimsa 17475:Poetry 17439:Tamils 17335: 17299: 17257: 16838:Online 16223:27 May 16082:27 May 16020:28 May 15936:9 June 15916:9 July 15833:27 May 15649: 15613: 15592: 15537: 15491: 15441: 15420: 15412: 15383: 15364:604470 15362: 15333:13 May 15308: 15271: 15221: 15161: 15142: 15119: 15091: 15070: 15051: 14987: 14956: 14917: 14896: 14860: 14832: 14811: 14783: 14762: 14743: 14706: 14687: 14666: 14645: 14615: 14578: 14501: 14480: 14461: 14413: 14392: 14330: 14275: 14245: 14194: 14157: 14121: 14079: 14060: 14030: 14000: 13983: 13953: 13912: 13875: 13845: 13804: 13785: 13701: 13674: 13644: 13599: 13506:Kambar 13476: 9615:Shakti 9357:, 1935 8368:view. 8338:moksha 8194:ahimsa 8097:Topics 8059:Seohak 8055:Silhak 8048:Topics 7957:Hwaeom 7952:Uisang 7947:Wonhyo 7747:Maitrī 7742:Anicca 7737:Anatta 7732:Dukkha 7725:Topics 7615:Moksha 7590:Dharma 7554:Atman 7545:Ahimsa 7501:Tantra 7459:Kanada 7425:Gotama 7392:Kapila 7339:Dvaita 7195:Maoism 7115:Jizang 7098:Fazang 7045:Mohism 7018:Wu wei 7001:Topics 6973:Daoism 6946:Zhu Xi 6936:Han Yu 6919:simple 6907:simple 6882:Guanxi 6865:Topics 6654:Sutras 6563:Smriti 6505:Kaṇāda 6473:Kapila 6456:Others 6379:Shakta 6374:Tantra 6215:Dvaita 5953:Dvaita 5886:Ajñana 5697:Modern 5616:People 5607:Sangha 5601:Tattva 5595:Dravya 5570:Dharma 5560:Ahimsa 5452:German 5401:Kambar 5371:, and 5342:Yu Hsi 5340:, and 5278:Kambar 5251:Legacy 5235:, the 5221:Taiwan 5217:London 5145:, and 5135:Thondi 4990:, and 4831:Palani 4806:Mallur 4762:Rajaji 4702:, and 4682:, and 4644:Right: 4566:Lun Yu 4551:Bustan 4539:Buddha 4515:Lun Yu 4421:Vishnu 4378:, and 4283:sandhi 4275:Jaffna 4273:– the 4239:Madras 4235:sangam 4204:Kerala 4072:, and 3977:London 3969:German 3961:French 3891:, and 3776:, and 3766:Mallar 3535:ahimsa 3522:, and 3472:dharma 3395:Yu Hsi 3284:muppāl 3244:pulavi 2837:பெருமை 2813:குடிமை 2729:உட்பகை 2669:பேதைமை 2165:கேள்வி 2074:tuṟavu 2014:vāymai 2010:வாய்மை 1612:dharma 1602:, and 1600:dharma 1584:dharma 1560:moksha 1548:dharma 1430:இன்பம் 1409:பொருள் 1397:Dharma 1372: 1366: 1360: 1296:Vishnu 1284:moksha 1272:dharma 1197:ahimsa 1142:Vasuki 1071:, 1848 1048:Author 1014:Sangam 953:Sangam 919:Muppal 758:Yu Hsi 756:, and 722:Kambar 693:ahimsa 684:Sangam 654:kurals 431:Sangam 153:Poetry 127:Ethics 110:Series 57:Author 25640:Media 25626:Suelo 25333:Amish 25317:WWOOF 24855:Works 24842:Žižek 24827:Weber 24767:Röpke 24727:Negri 24707:Lasch 24677:Hoppe 24632:Fromm 24622:Evola 24602:Dewey 24582:Camus 24489:Taine 24469:Smith 24459:Royce 24449:Renan 24384:Hegel 24349:Comte 24339:Burke 24286:Locke 24220:Dante 24215:Bruni 24184:Xunzi 24159:Plato 24154:Philo 24134:Laozi 23942:Mores 23854:Multi 23844:Inter 23743:Yamas 23738:Viraj 23713:Tyāga 23648:Satya 23548:Mokṣa 23518:Karma 23473:Dhrti 23398:Ātman 23383:Artha 23187:Vyasa 23067:Vedas 23048:Minor 22895:Texts 22643:Nyaya 22634:Hindu 22604:Artha 22584:Logic 22494:Index 22256:Works 22227:Adams 22222:Nagel 22177:Dewey 22172:Rawls 22152:Barth 22147:Moore 22112:Hegel 22087:Xunzi 22042:Plato 22032:Laozi 22013:Wrong 21986:Japan 21976:Value 21971:Trust 21866:Ideal 21733:Stoic 21484:Media 21469:Legal 20844:BOSH! 19994:Vegan 19950:Satya 19110:Vegan 19012:Quorn 18982:Mochi 18834:Islam 18663:Lists 18217:Other 18087:Odia: 17765:Porai 17713:Karma 17707:Inbam 17667:Eegai 17627:Porul 17623:Artha 17564:Parts 17451:India 17366:from 17134:. n.d 16884:1953) 15627:(PDF) 15611:JSTOR 15535:S2CID 15489:JSTOR 15439:JSTOR 15418:S2CID 15410:JSTOR 15381:JSTOR 15360:JSTOR 15269:S2CID 15242:(23). 15219:JSTOR 15186:(PDF) 14212:(PDF) 13627:Books 13032:TNN, 12726:TNN, 12680:PTI, 12618:PTI, 8504:metre 8412:sutra 8409:or a 8407:kural 8334:veedu 8167:Notes 8109:Juche 8027:Yi Ik 7976:Jinul 7927:Korea 7832:Kukai 7818:Eisai 7806:Dogen 7776:Japan 7600:Karma 7575:Artha 7525:Other 7507:Tamil 7417:Nyaya 7263:Aruni 7234:India 7166:Gelug 7142:Sakya 7086:Zhiyi 6985:Laozi 6921:] 6909:] 6828:China 6749:Kural 6572:Vedas 6558:Śruti 6099:Nyaya 5809:Nyaya 5587:Mokṣa 5565:Karma 5491:Vedas 5436:Porul 4861:train 4804:near 4640:Left: 4483:Porul 4476:patai 4472:patai 4118:metre 3952:Latin 3825:venpa 3642:, by 3612:poruḷ 3584:natpu 3568:patai 3539:Bible 3504:poruḷ 3500:poruḷ 3459:Aiyar 3240:புலவி 2937:iravu 2913:uḻavu 2829:māṉam 2825:மானம் 2633:பழைமை 2613:naṭpu 2609:நட்பு 2169:kēḷvi 2145:kalvi 2141:கல்வி 2114:karma 2070:துறவு 1978:tavam 1942:pukaḻ 1938:புகழ் 1628:artha 1620:inbam 1616:poruḷ 1608:Inbam 1596:poruḷ 1592:artha 1580:puram 1572:inbam 1568:poruḷ 1552:artha 1514:kuṟaḷ 1504:is a 1494:metre 1491:kural 1479:kural 1475:kāmam 1471:inbam 1467:poruḷ 1425:Inbam 1418:Artha 1404:Poruḷ 1346:metre 1288:poruḷ 1276:artha 1268:veedu 1264:inbam 1260:poruḷ 1090:Hindu 969:Czech 863:kuṟaḷ 831:kuṟaḷ 825:Kuṟaḷ 801:kuṟaḷ 671:inbam 665:porul 650:குறள் 646:Tamil 641:Kural 622:Tamil 606:edit 560:Elāti 184:India 149:Genre 83:Kural 25459:Slow 24837:Zinn 24832:Weil 24702:Land 24687:Kirk 24547:Aron 24504:Vico 24444:Owen 24434:Mill 24429:Marx 24409:Kant 24399:Hume 24144:Mozi 23849:Mono 23748:Yoga 23513:Kama 23493:Idam 23488:Hitā 23483:Guṇa 23448:Dāna 23333:Aham 22737:and 22718:Jain 22653:Yoga 22599:Kama 22207:Hare 22167:Foot 22127:Mill 22107:Kant 22102:Hume 22082:Mozi 21998:Vice 21916:Norm 21844:Evil 21839:Good 21799:Duty 21539:Meta 21462:Land 21389:Role 21374:Care 19100:and 19082:Wine 19077:Beer 19032:Tofu 18977:Miso 18933:Agar 18877:Food 18504:and 17735:Anbu 17727:Love 17703:Kama 17647:Aram 17637:Arul 17333:ISBN 17297:ISBN 17278:". 17255:ISBN 17161:2022 17140:2018 17117:2012 17097:help 17071:2020 17050:2023 17030:2021 17010:2010 16986:2019 16967:2020 16948:2018 16928:2019 16903:2022 16879:2022 16858:2019 16829:2022 16808:2021 16788:2016 16762:2017 16742:2021 16721:2019 16701:2018 16681:2018 16661:2020 16641:2018 16620:2018 16599:2018 16578:2021 16557:2021 16536:2018 16515:2018 16494:2018 16473:2017 16452:2018 16431:2019 16410:2021 16390:2021 16370:2021 16349:2022 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13672:ISBN 13642:ISBN 8324:and 8286:aram 8278:aram 8238:The 8022:Yi I 7981:Seon 7635:Yoga 7610:Maya 7605:Kama 7400:Yoga 7273:Atri 7053:Mozi 6872:Face 6652:and 6482:Yoga 5802:Yoga 5434:and 5219:and 5153:and 4910:and 4902:and 4890:and 4869:and 4792:The 4648:SOAS 4588:and 4549:and 4462:The 4398:and 4182:The 3979:and 3847:and 3836:and 3803:– a 3731:urai 3693:and 3654:and 3616:aṟam 3588:aran 3572:kuti 3480:aṟam 3476:Aṟam 3468:aṟam 3444:aṟam 3440:aṟam 3407:iyal 3387:iyal 3343:iyal 3339:iyal 3335:iyal 3331:iyal 3327:iyal 3315:iyal 3311:iyal 3288:iyal 2957:கயமை 2933:இரவு 2909:உழவு 2793:cūtu 2789:சூது 2697:ikal 2693:இகல் 2565:araṇ 2561:அரண் 2553:nāṭu 2549:நாடு 2493:tūtu 2489:தூது 1974:தவம் 1930:īkai 1632:kama 1630:and 1624:aṟam 1618:and 1604:kāma 1588:aṟam 1578:and 1576:agam 1570:and 1564:aṟam 1556:kama 1536:and 1512:and 1510:tiru 1496:. 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