1160:, could not agree with Italian diplomats on the border question. In response, they were instructed to settle the issue through direct negotiations after the Paris Peace Conference. A particular obstacle to any agreement was D'Annunzio's occupation of Rijeka, which caused the Italian government to reject a draft agreement submitted by the UK, the US, and France. Pašić's and Trumbić's refusal to agree to the plan provoked the French and British to threaten that the Treaty of London would be enforced unless they supported the allied proposal. In turn, Wilson blocked the Franco-British move by threatening to stop ratification of the
224:
181:
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half a million South Slavs (mostly
Slovenes and Croats) to the country's population. Even though the extent of the Italian territorial expansion was reduced in comparison to that promised by the Treaty of London, the Italian military was satisfied with the defensible land border and the naval facilities in Pula. It thought of Dalmatia as problematic to defend and primarily wanted to deny it to the
1178:
1278:. Therefore, Trumbić, as a Croat, would negotiate the treaty involving inevitable territorial concessions to Italy. Sforza's most recent proposal was supported by the British and French, while the US remained silent on the matter, leaving Belgrade isolated. In addition to Prime Minister Vesnić and Foreign Minister Trumbić, the ambassador of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes to Rome
3178:
1016:. The occupation plan was never fully enforced, as only Italy deployed a large force to the area. The local Croatian population often expressed dissatisfaction with the Italian military presence, and several minor clashes occurred in 1919. There were frequent cases of deportations of the non-Italian population by the Italian forces.
1553:
privileges. The same privileges were granted to Zadar, but its status of a semi-enclave limited its development too. Its population grew between 1921 and 1936 from 15,800 to 20,000, but a quarter of the residents were military personnel. At the same time, other cities in
Dalmatia enjoyed much faster
1492:
A significant portion of the Treaty of
Rapallo consisted of provisions regulating the status of Italians in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, but their number was low, estimated to be several hundred. On the other hand, the addition of the new Italian territory meant the addition of about a
1443:
Article 7 of the treaty determined that
Italian entities established in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, as well as Italians residing in that country, would retain all existing economic authorisations issued to them by the Kingdom or any of its predecessor-state governments. The same
775:
and several islands. Other provisions of the treaty contained safeguards for the rights of
Italian nationals remaining in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, and provisions for commissions to demarcate the new border, and facilitate economic and educational cooperation. The treaty also
1508:
On 6 December 1920, less than a month after resigning from the post of foreign minister, Trumbić gave a speech in Split where he remarked that grief over the loss of national territory was expected, adding that it was an inevitable outcome of the peace conference and the subsequent bilateral
1259:, of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, wanted an agreement with Italy at any cost, wanting to achieve political stability in the country. According to Sforza, Vesnić later told him he was advised not to resist Italian demands for fear that Italy might impose a solution unilaterally.
1331:), claiming their symbolic significance to Italy and stating that they would not be relinquished by the Italian army in any case. In return, he offered Italian friendship. Negotiations took place between 9–11 November 1920, resulting in the treaty being signed on 12 November, in the
1124:, arguing that the Treaty of London was invalid. Instead, Wilson proposed a division of the Istrian peninsula along the Wilson Line that largely corresponded to the ethnic makeup of the population, and a free-city status for Rijeka based on the city's legal position of a
1501:. Politically, an agreement similar to the Treaty of Rapallo was likely possible at the Paris Peace Conference. However, the inability of the Italian delegation at that conference to enforce the Treaty of London, and annex Rijeka, fueled the nationalistic myth of the
3245:
3235:
3250:
1360:
Article 1 of the treaty dealt with national borders in the northern
Adriatic basin, giving Italy Istria and the territory to the north of the peninsula, demarcated by a line indicated by reference to prominent peaks in the area, running from the area of
3230:
3240:
996:, further to the south, were the responsibility of the French. The occupation forces were to be coordinated by the Naval Committee for the Adriatic, which consisted of admirals delegated by the four powers. The committee initially met in the city of
1130:
within
Austria-Hungary. The British and French did not support enforcement of the treaty, as they thought Italy deserved relatively little due to its neutrality early in the war. Specifically, they were dismissive of Italian claims in Dalmatia. The
3183:
1533:. Likewise, all Italian support for the Croatian Committee ended after the treaty was concluded. D'Annunzio condemned the treaty in a declaration of 17 November. The Italian Regency of Carnaro proclaimed a state of war four days later. The
3188:
1456:
obtained by
Italian citizens as if they were obtained from institutions in that country. Article 8 called for enhanced educational cooperation between the parties to the treaty. Article 9 stated that the treaty was drawn up in
1444:
article allowed ethnic
Italians to opt for Italian citizenship within a year. Those choosing Italian citizenship were guaranteed the right to remain residents of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes,
1526:
1465:, but provided that the Italian version would be definitive in cases of dispute. The treaty was signed by Giolitti, Sforza, and Bonomi on behalf of Italy, and by Vesnić, Trumbić, and finance minister
1109:
of émigrés opposing establishment of the
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and D'Annunzio's representatives—offering territory to Italy in exchange for support for the Croatian Committee's work.
3214:
1440:. Article 6 required the parties to the treaty to convene, within two months, a conference of experts to draw up proposals for economic and financial cooperation between the parties to the treaty.
941:, carved from areas of Austria-Hungary populated by the South Slavs, authorised the Yugoslav Committee to represent it abroad, and the short-lived state, shortly before it sought union with the
817:
suffered from the loss of trade with the hinterland, causing an economic decline. In Italy, the claim to Dalmatia relinquished in the Treaty of Rapallo contributed to fueling the myth of the
1101:
became major points of dispute at the Paris Peace Conference. Since 1917, Italy used the issue of the annexation of Montenegro by Serbia, or the unification of the countries, known as the
1226: Areas annexed to Italy in 1920, passed to the Free Territory of Trieste in 1947 with the Treaties of Paris, and definitively assigned to Yugoslavia in 1975 with the Treaty of Osimo
1243:, indicated he was ready to trade Italian claims in Dalmatia for British and French backing of Italian territorial demands further north in Istria. In September 1920, Sforza told the
1305:
825:, where the Italian delegation was unable to enforce the Treaty of London, and perpetuated the view that Italy had won the war but its victory was compromised by an unjust peace.
2871:
Santoro, Stefano (2023). "The Italian Press and Public Debate on the Eastern Borders during the Paris Peace Conference". In Arhire, Sorin; Roşu, Tudor; Anghel, Călin (eds.).
755:, Italy, generally redeemed the promises of territorial gains in the former Austrian Littoral by awarding Italy territories generally corresponding to the peninsula of
3324:
1279:
706:
416:
1436:. Article 5 determined that the marking of the border on the ground would be carried out by a bilateral commission and that any disputes would be referred to the
3209:
1105:, to pressure Serbia into making concessions regarding Italian demands. Similarly, in 1920 and 1921, negotiations were conducted and agreements made—between the
1541:. The town became the city-state envisaged by the Treaty of Rapallo. Nonetheless, the Free State of Fiume was short-lived, and Italy annexed it under the 1924
1466:
988:, while the northern parts of Dalmatia were the Italian zone. The southern Dalmatian coast was to be occupied by the United States, while the shores of the
185:
3021:
3033:
805:, as it represented a loss of national territory where about a half million Slovenes and Croats lived. Zadar lost significance when it became an Italian
2437:"Woodrow Wilson and National Self-Determination along Italy's Frontier: A Study of the Manipulation of Principles in the Pursuit of Political Interests"
2935:
2441:
1251:, that he only wanted to enforce the Treaty of London regarding Istria and that he wanted none of Dalmatia except the city of Zadar. Following the
1235:, and foreign minister Trumbić to resolve the Adriatic question, claiming that it represented a threat to peace in Europe. At the same time, the
1112:
While the Italian representatives at the peace conference were demanding enforcement of the Treaty of London and the additional award of Rijeka,
458:
3329:
797:
The treaty was met with a degree of popular disapproval in both countries. In the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes it was unpopular with
844:, so that the Free State of Fiume could be established. The city-state was abolished when Italy annexed the city four years later under the
2237:
Batović, Ante; Kasalo, Branko (2021). "Great Britain and the Adriatic Question after World War I". In Bralić, Ante; Kasalo, Branko (eds.).
1289:
was also among the principal members of that delegation. The principal members of the Italian negotiating team included Sforza, as well as
699:
587:
3028:
1255:, US support for Wilson's ideas appeared to have ended, compelling Vesnić and Trumbić into bilateral negotiations with Sforza. Moreover,
1270:, this arrangement was made in Belgrade, in order to avoid the appearance that the Serbs were ceding to Italy territories inhabited by
2290:
Carteny, Andrea (2015). "Italy, End of the Great War and the Union of Montenegro with Serbia: Details from Italian Documentation". In
1231:
From spring 1920, the United Kingdom and France applied pressure on the prime minister of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes,
464:
452:
1397:'s land boundaries by reference to surrounding peaks, villages, and tax-commune territories. Article 3 gave to Italy the islands of
470:
2722:[International Peace Mission in Split After the World War I (1918 - 1921) from the Perspective of the United States Navy].
2720:"Međunarodna mirovna misija u Splitu nakon Prvog svjetskog rata (1918.–1921.) prema arhivu Ratne mornarice SAD-a i drugim izvorima"
1252:
653:
629:
517:
3334:
1420:, with the addition of a strip of land connecting it to the Italian territory in Istria between the Kvarner Gulf and the town of
984:
The Entente powers arranged zones-of-occupation of the eastern Adriatic shores as follows: the United Kingdom was to control the
760:
692:
3304:
3069:
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2928:
1088:
949:, laid a competing claim to the eastern Adriatic to counter the Italian demands. This claim was supported by deployment of the
934:
822:
505:
276:
2886:
2855:
2830:
2679:
2651:
2517:
2492:
2332:
2252:
1266:, in Italy, for bilateral negotiations. It was led by Vesnić, but the designated chief negotiatior was Trumbić. According to
946:
728:
1505:. Following the Treaty of Rapallo, the myth persisted and the perception of political failure weakened liberal politicians.
28:
Multiple geographical names mentioned below changed in the discussed period. The article uses modern English or local names.
3148:
3113:
2968:
1437:
1132:
3319:
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2904:
Treaty between the Kingdom of Italy and the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes signed at Rapallo, 12 November 1920
2212:[Sušak in the Relations Between the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and the Kingdom of Italy (1918-1925)].
1236:
938:
739:, which referred to Italian claims over territories promised to the country in return for its entry into the war against
641:
605:
39:
Treaty between the Kingdom of Italy and the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes signed at Rapallo, 12 November 1920
617:
563:
3314:
2921:
2811:
2783:
2708:
2598:
2531:[National Council of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs in Zagreb: Founding, Actions and Disappearance (1918/1919)].
2402:
2313:
2280:
2198:
1310:
499:
3299:
2143:"The Treaty of Rapallo: Complete Official Text of the Italo-Jugoslav Pact, for the First Time Presented in English"
1194:, that was assigned to Italy in 1920, with the Treaty of Rapallo (with adjustments of its border in 1924 after the
3273:
3123:
2609:
434:
1093:
The problem of establishing the border between Italy and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes—known as the
2480:
To the Threshold of Power, 1922/33: Origins and Dynamics of the Fascist and Nationalist Socialist Dictatorships
2450:
2156:
398:
2852:
Adrias: Zbornik radova Zavoda za znanstveni i umjetnički rad Hrvatske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti u Splitu
2827:
Adrias: Zbornik radova Zavoda za znanstveni i umjetnički rad Hrvatske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti u Splitu
2560:[Contributions for a Political Biography of Ivo Frank and Evolution of the Party of Rights Ideology].
2878:
2301:
321:
3339:
724:
482:
2908:
50:
Prime ministers Giolitti and Vesnić with other conference delegates after signing of the Treaty of Rapallo
3294:
3074:
2305:
1152:
By late 1919, representatives of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, led by former Prime Minister
671:
647:
2690:
1452:. Finally, the same article provided that the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes would recognise any
3349:
2991:
2986:
2484:
1199:
1076:
1071:, while the Serbian army controlled the rest of the coast. In 1919, a group of Italian veterans led by
833:
493:
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611:
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1256:
1214:
926:
422:
404:
288:
1232:
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541:
353:
22:
2390:
A Low, Dishonest Decade: The Great Powers, Eastern Europe and the Economic Origins of World War II
2209:
3158:
3138:
3118:
3016:
3003:
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2671:
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2240:
The Eastern Adriatic Between the Collapse of the Habsburg Monarchy and the Creation of New States
1538:
1377:, to Snežnik, and then to the Kvarner Gulf just to the west of Rijeka. Thus, the major cities of
1346:
1290:
1263:
993:
907:
862:
841:
744:
665:
2667:
Balkan Anschluss: The Annexation of Montenegro and the Creation of the Common South Slavic State
3309:
3133:
2903:
2529:"Narodno vijeće Slovenaca, Hrvata i Srba u Zagrebu: Osnutak, djelovanje i nestanak (1918/1919)"
2419:
1554:
growth. This was especially true of Split, which became the regional capital instead of Zadar.
1072:
829:
476:
339:
1471:
190:
1542:
1509:
negotiations, though most of the Italian territorial gains were reversed in the aftermath of
1195:
989:
903:
888:
845:
581:
575:
488:
282:
229:
106:
1549:
led to the decline of importance of both the port and the city, despite the introduction of
832:, who previously had seized Rijeka with his troops, establishing there a state known as the
3153:
3064:
2747:[The City of Rijeka in the 20th Century: Nations, Conflicts, Borders, Migrations].
2221:
1161:
1102:
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270:
3128:
1320:
884:
764:
8:
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1530:
1449:
1413:
1394:
1248:
1244:
806:
777:
523:
410:
3084:
3168:
2850:[Borders With Italy in Peace Treaties Following World War I and World War II].
2661:
2643:
2462:
2272:
2168:
1550:
1522:
1518:
1498:
1146:
1135:
1121:
1106:
954:
950:
919:
677:
599:
547:
2689:
Pavlowitch, Kosta St. (2003). "The First World War and Unification of Yugoslavia". In
929:, the Austro-Hungarian surrender, Italian troops moved to occupy parts of the Eastern
3079:
2973:
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2859:
2834:
2807:
2779:
2756:
2731:
2704:
2700:
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2624:
2594:
2569:
2544:
2513:
2488:
2454:
2423:
2398:
2375:
2336:
2327:[Zadar and the Treaty of Rapallo (On the Occasion of the 90th Anniversary)].
2309:
2276:
2248:
2225:
2194:
2160:
1502:
1445:
1349:
1217:
in 1947 with the Paris treaties, and definitively assigned to Italy in 1975 with the
1187:
1153:
1094:
942:
876:
818:
736:
535:
511:
446:
309:
125:
161:
3344:
3008:
2825:[Delimitation of Frontiers – Role of Slovenian Politicians and Diplomats].
2793:
2365:
2291:
2262:
1458:
1453:
1390:
1324:
1301:
1001:
974:
895:
593:
529:
377:
365:
241:
215:
96:
1425:
3268:
3038:
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2665:
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2503:
2478:
2413:
2388:
2295:
2266:
2184:
2147:
1409:(referred to as Cherso, Lussin, Lagosta, and Pelagosta) with surrounding islets.
1316:
1218:
1117:
911:
740:
732:
67:
1157:
767:, in addition to what was promised by the London treaty. The articles regarding
173:
3163:
2474:
2394:
1546:
1494:
1462:
1297:
1191:
1113:
1098:
1068:
814:
810:
428:
333:
245:
2848:"Granice s Italijom u mirovnim ugovorima nakon Prvoga i Drugog svjetskog rata"
2610:"Between old Austria and new foes: Italy and the Yugoslav project (1917-1918)"
1428:
to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes since it was situated across the
1262:
A delegation from the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes was dispatched to
965:
794:
and a strip of coast giving the new state a land border with Italy at Istria.
3288:
3143:
2863:
2838:
2760:
2735:
2628:
2573:
2548:
2458:
2379:
2340:
2229:
2164:
1332:
1293:
659:
635:
327:
149:
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area (green). However, after WWI, Dalmatia was assigned not to Italy but to
2719:
2427:
1534:
1527:
1920 Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes Constitutional Assembly election
1510:
1497:, but the Russian threat was no longer a realistic prospect since the 1917
1240:
1064:
1048:
985:
930:
837:
748:
440:
137:
2370:
1521:
against the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. According to historian
1406:
1389:
were acquired by Italy. Article 2 gave to Italy the city of Zadar (as the
2944:
915:
899:
872:
2466:
2297:
Serbian-Italian Relations: History and Modern Times: Collection of Works
2172:
2142:
1529:
prompted the Entente powers to break off relations with the Montenegrin
2913:
2745:"Grad Rijeka u 20. stoljeću: Narodi-nacije, sukobi, granice, migracije"
1484:
1139:
781:
771:
were largely ignored. Instead, in Dalmatia, Italy received the city of
569:
371:
359:
346:
2436:
1429:
1207: Areas annexed to Italy in 1920, and remaining Italian after 1947
1052:
1032:
2874:
The Paris Peace Conference and Its Consequences in Early-1920s Europe
2509:
2180:
557:
45:
1402:
1374:
1362:
1275:
1075:
seized Rijeka, establishing a short-lived state there known as the
1024:
880:
798:
768:
2238:
1999:
1975:
1963:
1416:, defining its boundaries as those of the former Austro-Hungarian
1040:
2799:
The Three Yugoslavias: State-building and Legitimation, 1918–2005
2558:"Prilozi za politički životopis Ive Franka i evoluciju pravaštva"
1386:
1378:
1366:
1342:
1060:
933:
shore promised to Italy under the Treaty of London, ahead of the
752:
92:
1929:
1927:
1902:
1900:
828:
The Treaty of Rapallo was also condemned by the Italian general
2744:
2186:
The National Question in Yugoslavia: Origins, History, Politics
1659:
1647:
1421:
1370:
1337:
1271:
1020:
1009:
997:
802:
791:
756:
2847:
2822:
2557:
2528:
2324:
2047:
1987:
16:
Treaty between Italy and Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
2823:"Vloga slovenskih politikov in diplomatov pri določanju meja"
2349:
1924:
1897:
1863:
1861:
1300:. Other members of the delegation included Marcello Roddolo,
1177:
1056:
1028:
970:
772:
747:. The wartime pact promised Italy large areas of the eastern
1671:
836:. He resisted efforts to remove him from the city until the
1848:
1846:
1739:
1737:
1398:
1382:
1044:
1036:
1013:
910:, which promised Italy territorial gains at the expense of
2623:(1–2). Podgorica: Istorijski institut Crne Gore: 115–138.
2415:
The Doctrine of "rebus sic stantibus" in International Law
2023:
1858:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1611:
1517:
a few months later) marked the end of Italian support for
1319:. During the negotiations, Sforza demanded Istria and the
1198:), and that was then ceded to Yugoslavia in 1947 with the
1754:
1752:
1683:
1537:
drove D'Annunzio from Rijeka in an intervention known as
1181:
Changes to the Italian eastern border from 1920 to 1975.
2119:
1843:
1734:
1476:
on behalf of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
2909:
Map of modern Slovenia with superimposed Rapallo border
2755:(1). Zagreb: Društvo za hrvatsku povijesnicu: 109–116.
2568:(3). Zagreb: Croatian Institute of History: 1067–1086.
2268:
Italian Foreign Policy in the Interwar Period 1918–1940
2107:
2083:
2059:
1824:
1712:
1710:
1695:
1575:
2071:
1951:
1749:
1722:
1599:
1525:, the signing of the treaty and the conclusion of the
1027:
coast extending between, and including, the cities of
871:
Territories promised to Italy, by the Entente, in the
3055:
2730:(1). Zagreb: Croatian Institute of History: 127–156.
2210:"Sušak u odnosima Kraljevine SHS i Italije 1918-1925"
1885:
1873:
1812:
1788:
1776:
1764:
1623:
1563:
960:
918:
living in Austria-Hungary, who were organised as the
1912:
1800:
1707:
1635:
1412:
Article 4 of the treaty established the independent
1213: Areas annexed to Italy in 1920, passed to the
2095:
2035:
1939:
1587:
914:. The treaty was opposed by representatives of the
2696:Yugoslavism: Histories of a Failed Idea, 1918–1992
2011:
2442:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
1513:. The Treaty of Rapallo (along with the death of
1120:, which favoured a solution that relied on local
743:, claims that were made on the basis of the 1915
471:Soviet–Czechoslovakia Treaty of Mutual Assistance
3286:
2329:Radovi Zavoda za povijesne znanosti HAZU u Zadru
1019:By the end of 1918, the Italian troops occupied
813:to overtake it in significance in Dalmatia. The
2141:
2005:
1993:
1981:
1969:
1488:Map of the Italian territory of Zara, 1920-1947
957:also deployed an occupying force to the coast.
2325:"Zadar i Rapallski ugovor (Uz 90. obljetnicu)"
2956:
2929:
2593:(3). Rome: Edizioni Studium S.r.l.: 449–454.
2236:
1677:
1665:
1653:
1043:. Additionally, they captured the islands of
700:
3325:Treaties of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
751:. The treaty, signed on 12 November 1920 in
2501:
2360:(1). Zadar: Croatian Geographical Society,
2053:
2029:
1867:
1545:. The loss of the hinterland served by the
1116:opposed their demands and put forward his
459:German–Polish declaration of non-aggression
2936:
2922:
2688:
2580:
2207:
1933:
1906:
1581:
1067:. The US presence was largely confined to
784:consisting of the former Austro-Hungarian
707:
693:
44:
2526:
2369:
1605:
1393:), in northern Dalmatia, and defined the
1082:
654:Soviet–British–French Moscow negotiations
465:Franco-Soviet Treaty of Mutual Assistance
2943:
2742:
2660:
2607:
2587:Rivista di Studi Politici Internazionali
2555:
2502:Lowe, Cedric J.; Marzari, Frank (1975).
2352:[Zadar Population Development].
2113:
2089:
1743:
1728:
1617:
1483:
1176:
1149:only supported such a status for Zadar.
964:
866:
630:Final offensive of the Spanish Civil War
3215:Abolition of the Capitulations in Egypt
2870:
2347:
2289:
2261:
2125:
2077:
1957:
1852:
1794:
1758:
761:Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca
206:
3287:
2845:
2717:
2635:
2581:Melchionni, Maria Grazia, ed. (2021).
2434:
2322:
2065:
1918:
1891:
1879:
1818:
1806:
1782:
1716:
1701:
1689:
1641:
1424:. This arrangement left the suburb of
612:Hungarian invasion of Carpatho-Ukraine
3330:Treaties of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
2917:
2856:Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts
2831:Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts
2792:
2767:
2333:Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts
2179:
1945:
1629:
1593:
1569:
1167:
1023:and Rijeka, as well as a part of the
947:Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
729:Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
230:Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
3179:Austro-Hungarian reparation payments
2820:
2473:
2411:
2386:
2101:
2041:
2017:
1837:
1770:
1438:President of the Swiss Confederation
840:drove him out in the clash known as
2533:Fontes: Izvori Za Hrvatsku Povijest
2214:Zbornik Pravnog fakulteta u Zagrebu
1035:, with the hinterland extending to
939:State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
856:
606:German occupation of Czechoslovakia
13:
1089:Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)
961:Occupation of the Eastern Adriatic
821:. The myth was created during the
588:Undeclared German–Czechoslovak War
14:
3361:
2897:
1142:for Zadar and Šibenik, while the
500:Remilitarization of the Rhineland
2505:Italian Foreign Policy 1870–1940
1352:came from Rome for the signing.
1335:. The treaty is named after the
1008:), but it subsequently moved to
735:. It was intended to settle the
222:
208:
179:
167:
155:
143:
131:
119:
3274:Partition of the Ottoman Empire
2585:[Pictorial Documents].
1172:
906:, following the signing of the
435:Nazis' rise to power in Germany
277:Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
2451:American Philosophical Society
2157:University of California Press
1306:Alessandro Mattioli Pasqualini
925:Following the 3 November 1918
399:Japanese invasion of Manchuria
256:Events leading to World War II
1:
3305:Political history of Slovenia
2879:Cambridge Scholars Publishing
2829:(in Slovenian) (15). Zagreb:
2771:A City in Search of an Author
2724:Časopis za suvremenu povijest
2562:Časopis za suvremenu povijest
2302:Institute of History Belgrade
2294:; Biagini, Antonello (eds.).
1557:
851:
723:was an agreement between the
618:German ultimatum to Lithuania
564:Polish ultimatum to Lithuania
2854:(in Croatian) (15). Zagreb:
2435:Kernek, Sterling J. (1982).
2331:(in Croatian) (53). Zagreb:
1479:
1345:where the villa is located.
975:Gabriele D'Annunzio and his
518:Italo-German "Axis" protocol
483:Anglo-German Naval Agreement
7:
3184:Italian reparation payments
2608:Merlicco, Giordano (2021).
2350:"Populacijski razvoj Zadra"
2306:Sapienza University of Rome
2208:Bartulović, Željko (2000).
763:, with the addition of the
648:Italian invasion of Albania
642:British guarantee to Poland
10:
3366:
3335:Italy–Yugoslavia relations
3320:Treaties concluded in 1920
2718:Perica, Vjekoslav (2010).
2639:Italian Fascism, 1915–1945
2556:Matković, Stjepan (2008).
2527:Matijević, Zlatko (2008).
2508:. Vol. VIII. London:
2485:Cambridge University Press
2483:. Vol. I. Cambridge:
2418:. Vol. IX. Columbia:
2134:
1253:1920 presidential election
1086:
1077:Italian Regency of Carnaro
860:
834:Italian Regency of Carnaro
494:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
77:12 November 1920
27:
20:
3263:
3223:
3202:
3104:
3097:
3051:
2952:
1678:Batović & Kasalo 2021
1666:Batović & Kasalo 2021
1654:Batović & Kasalo 2021
1257:Prince Regent Alexander I
1215:Free Territory of Trieste
927:Armistice of Villa Giusti
423:Defense of the Great Wall
405:Pacification of Manchukuo
237:
200:
112:
102:
88:
73:
63:
55:
43:
38:
3315:Interwar-period treaties
3194:U.S.–German Peace Treaty
3189:Sino-German Peace Treaty
2846:Rudolf, Davorin (2008).
2804:Indiana University Press
2776:Sheffield Academic Press
2583:"Documenti iconografici"
2191:Cornell University Press
2155:(2, Part II). Berkeley:
1515:Nicholas I of Montenegro
1355:
1237:Italian foreign minister
973:cheering the arrival of
731:in the aftermath of the
542:Second Sino-Japanese War
506:Arab revolt in Palestine
453:Inner Mongolian Campaign
354:Second Italo-Senussi War
23:Treaty of Rapallo (1922)
21:Not to be confused with
3300:Modern history of Italy
2877:. Newcastle upon Tyne:
2672:Purdue University Press
2636:Morgan, Philip (2004).
2541:Croatian State Archives
2323:Diklić, Marjan (2011).
2054:Lowe & Marzari 1975
2030:Lowe & Marzari 1975
1868:Lowe & Marzari 1975
1264:Santa Margherita Ligure
994:Principality of Albania
863:Treaty of London (1915)
672:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
666:Battles of Khalkhin Gol
3057:Paris Peace Conference
2743:Perinčić, Tea (2022).
2420:University of Missouri
2412:Hill, Chesney (1934).
2387:Hehn, Paul N. (2005).
2348:Graovac, Vera (2004).
1519:Montenegrin resistance
1489:
1347:Italian Prime Minister
1328:
1233:Milenko Radomar Vesnić
1228:
1133:British prime minister
1083:Paris Peace Conference
1005:
981:
935:Paris Peace Conference
891:
823:Paris Peace Conference
340:Occupation of the Ruhr
322:Franco-Polish alliance
3210:Regime of the Straits
3070:Saint-Germain-en-Laye
2969:St.-Jean-de-Maurienne
2768:Pizzi, Katia (2001).
2371:10.15291/geoadria.129
1487:
1180:
1156:and foreign minister
1144:French prime minister
990:Kingdom of Montenegro
968:
870:
576:Battle of Lake Khasan
489:December 9th Movement
289:Polish–Lithuanian War
107:Treaty of Rome (1924)
2308:. pp. 183–198.
2247:. pp. 299–330.
2222:University of Zagreb
2006:Current History 1921
1994:Current History 1921
1982:Current History 1921
1970:Current History 1921
1280:Vojislav Antonijević
1162:Treaty of Versailles
1103:Montenegrin question
624:Slovak–Hungarian War
271:Treaty of Versailles
3340:Italians of Croatia
2999:Act of 5th November
2881:. pp. 85–108.
2821:Repe, Božo (2008).
2449:(4). Philadelphia:
2362:University of Zadar
2245:University of Zadar
2056:, pp. 179–180.
2008:, pp. 225–226.
1984:, pp. 224–225.
1972:, pp. 223–224.
1936:, pp. 451–453.
1909:, pp. 963–964.
1840:, pp. 111–112.
1692:, pp. 228–230.
1668:, pp. 321–322.
1656:, pp. 301–302.
1620:, pp. 119–120.
1531:government-in-exile
1450:freedom of religion
1432:, just outside the
1414:Free State of Fiume
1268:Svetozar Pribićević
1249:Alexandre Millerand
1245:President of France
1073:Gabriele d'Annunzio
902:on the side of the
830:Gabriele d'Annunzio
778:Free State of Fiume
656:Apr.–Aug. 1939
638:Mar.–Aug. 1939
632:Mar.–Apr. 1939
578:July–Aug. 1938
524:Anti-Comintern Pact
411:January 28 incident
35:
3295:1920 in Yugoslavia
2749:Povijest U Nastavi
2701:C. Hurst & Co.
2670:. West Lafayette:
2644:Palgrave Macmillan
2273:Praeger Publishers
1551:free economic zone
1499:October Revolution
1490:
1229:
1168:Rapallo Conference
1147:Georges Clemenceau
1136:David Lloyd George
1122:self-determination
1107:Croatian Committee
982:
955:United States Navy
951:Royal Serbian Army
920:Yugoslav Committee
892:
790:that consisted of
678:Invasion of Poland
668:May–Sep. 1939
600:First Vienna Award
477:He–Umezu Agreement
33:
3350:Adriatic question
3282:
3281:
3259:
3258:
3093:
3092:
3075:Neuilly-sur-Seine
3047:
3046:
2888:978-1-5275-0235-2
2794:Ramet, Sabrina P.
2681:978-1-557-53465-1
2653:978-1-4039-3251-8
2617:Istorijski Zapisi
2519:978-0-415-27372-5
2494:978-0-521-87860-9
2263:Burgwyn, H. James
2254:978-953-331-341-2
2159:: 223–226. 1921.
2128:, pp. 62–63.
2068:, pp. 65–66.
1855:, pp. 15–16.
1773:, pp. 60–61.
1704:, pp. 45–46.
1632:, pp. 43–44.
1572:, pp. 41–42.
1503:mutilated victory
1350:Giovanni Giolitti
1188:Austrian Littoral
1138:only supported a
1095:Adriatic question
980:in September 1919
953:to the area. The
945:to establish the
943:Kingdom of Serbia
877:Austrian Littoral
819:mutilated victory
737:Adriatic question
721:Treaty of Rapallo
717:
716:
512:Spanish Civil War
447:Italo-Soviet Pact
417:Geneva Conference
316:Treaty of Rapallo
310:Treaty of Trianon
283:Polish–Soviet War
251:
250:
126:Giovanni Giolitti
34:Treaty of Rapallo
3357:
3102:
3101:
3053:
3052:
2954:
2953:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2915:
2914:
2892:
2867:
2842:
2817:
2789:
2764:
2739:
2714:
2703:pp. 27–41.
2685:
2657:
2632:
2614:
2604:
2577:
2552:
2523:
2498:
2470:
2431:
2408:
2383:
2373:
2344:
2319:
2286:
2258:
2233:
2204:
2176:
2129:
2123:
2117:
2111:
2105:
2099:
2093:
2087:
2081:
2075:
2069:
2063:
2057:
2051:
2045:
2039:
2033:
2027:
2021:
2015:
2009:
2003:
1997:
1991:
1985:
1979:
1973:
1967:
1961:
1955:
1949:
1943:
1937:
1931:
1922:
1916:
1910:
1904:
1895:
1889:
1883:
1877:
1871:
1865:
1856:
1850:
1841:
1835:
1822:
1816:
1810:
1804:
1798:
1792:
1786:
1780:
1774:
1768:
1762:
1756:
1747:
1741:
1732:
1726:
1720:
1714:
1705:
1699:
1693:
1687:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1663:
1657:
1651:
1645:
1639:
1633:
1627:
1621:
1615:
1609:
1603:
1597:
1591:
1585:
1579:
1573:
1567:
1539:Bloody Christmas
1475:
1467:Kosta Stojanović
1454:academic degrees
1434:Corpus separatum
1418:Corpus separatum
1391:Province of Zara
1314:
1302:Francesco Salata
1288:
1225:
1212:
1206:
1190:, later renamed
1185:
1140:free-city status
1127:Corpus separatum
1099:status of Rijeka
1097:—and the future
908:Treaty of London
896:Kingdom of Italy
857:Treaty of London
842:Bloody Christmas
809:, which allowed
787:Corpus separatum
776:established the
745:Treaty of London
725:Kingdom of Italy
709:
702:
695:
594:Munich Agreement
530:Suiyuan campaign
378:Great Depression
366:Locarno Treaties
253:
252:
228:
226:
225:
218:
214:
212:
211:
194:
186:Kosta Stojanović
184:
183:
182:
172:
171:
170:
160:
159:
158:
148:
147:
146:
136:
135:
134:
124:
123:
122:
84:
82:
59:Border agreement
48:
36:
32:
3365:
3364:
3360:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3355:
3354:
3285:
3284:
3283:
3278:
3269:Fourteen Points
3255:
3219:
3198:
3089:
3043:
2948:
2942:
2900:
2895:
2889:
2814:
2802:. Bloomington:
2786:
2751:(in Croatian).
2726:(in Croatian).
2711:
2682:
2662:Pavlović, Srdja
2654:
2612:
2601:
2564:(in Croatian).
2535:(in Croatian).
2520:
2495:
2475:Knox, MacGregor
2405:
2395:A & C Black
2356:(in Croatian).
2316:
2283:
2255:
2216:(in Croatian).
2201:
2148:Current History
2137:
2132:
2124:
2120:
2112:
2108:
2100:
2096:
2088:
2084:
2076:
2072:
2064:
2060:
2052:
2048:
2040:
2036:
2028:
2024:
2016:
2012:
2004:
2000:
1992:
1988:
1980:
1976:
1968:
1964:
1956:
1952:
1944:
1940:
1934:Melchionni 2021
1932:
1925:
1917:
1913:
1907:Bartulović 2000
1905:
1898:
1890:
1886:
1878:
1874:
1866:
1859:
1851:
1844:
1836:
1825:
1817:
1813:
1805:
1801:
1793:
1789:
1781:
1777:
1769:
1765:
1761:, pp. 4–8.
1757:
1750:
1746:, p. 1078.
1742:
1735:
1727:
1723:
1715:
1708:
1700:
1696:
1688:
1684:
1676:
1672:
1664:
1660:
1652:
1648:
1640:
1636:
1628:
1624:
1616:
1612:
1604:
1600:
1592:
1588:
1582:Pavlowitch 2003
1580:
1576:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1482:
1469:
1446:property rights
1405:, Lastovo, and
1369:to the east of
1358:
1317:Pietro Badoglio
1308:
1291:Minister of War
1282:
1227:
1223:
1221:
1219:Treaty of Osimo
1210:
1208:
1204:
1202:
1200:Treaty of Paris
1183:
1175:
1170:
1118:Fourteen Points
1091:
1085:
963:
912:Austria-Hungary
885:Snežnik Plateau
883:(tan), and the
865:
859:
854:
765:Snežnik Plateau
759:and the former
741:Austria-Hungary
733:First World War
713:
684:
683:
544: 1937–1945
514: 1936–1939
508: 1936–1939
496: 1935–1936
455: 1933–1936
419: 1932–1934
407: 1931–1942
394:
393:
384:
383:
356: 1923–1932
342: 1923–1925
305:
304:
295:
294:
291: 1919–1920
285: 1919–1920
266:
265:
223:
221:
209:
207:
188:
180:
178:
168:
166:
156:
154:
144:
142:
132:
130:
120:
118:
80:
78:
68:First World War
51:
29:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3363:
3353:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3276:
3271:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3217:
3212:
3206:
3204:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3174:Rapallo (1922)
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3109:Rapallo (1920)
3105:
3099:
3095:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3061:
3059:
3049:
3048:
3045:
3044:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3025:
3024:
3019:
3013:Brest-Litovsk
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2995:
2994:
2989:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2960:
2958:
2957:During the war
2950:
2949:
2941:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2906:
2899:
2898:External links
2896:
2894:
2893:
2887:
2868:
2843:
2818:
2812:
2790:
2784:
2765:
2740:
2715:
2709:
2686:
2680:
2658:
2652:
2633:
2605:
2599:
2589:(in Italian).
2578:
2553:
2524:
2518:
2499:
2493:
2471:
2432:
2409:
2403:
2384:
2345:
2320:
2314:
2287:
2281:
2259:
2253:
2234:
2205:
2199:
2177:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2130:
2118:
2116:, p. 112.
2106:
2104:, p. 276.
2094:
2092:, p. 112.
2082:
2080:, p. 186.
2070:
2058:
2046:
2044:, p. 223.
2034:
2032:, p. 179.
2022:
2010:
1998:
1996:, p. 225.
1986:
1974:
1962:
1960:, p. 106.
1950:
1938:
1923:
1911:
1896:
1894:, p. 231.
1884:
1882:, p. 295.
1872:
1870:, p. 178.
1857:
1842:
1823:
1821:, p. 286.
1811:
1799:
1787:
1785:, p. 266.
1775:
1763:
1748:
1733:
1721:
1706:
1694:
1682:
1680:, p. 324.
1670:
1658:
1646:
1644:, p. 127.
1634:
1622:
1610:
1606:Matijević 2008
1598:
1596:, p. 129.
1586:
1574:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1547:Port of Rijeka
1543:Treaty of Rome
1495:Russian Empire
1481:
1478:
1463:Serbo-Croatian
1357:
1354:
1315:, and General
1298:Giuseppe Volpi
1222:
1209:
1203:
1196:Treaty of Rome
1192:Venezia Giulia
1182:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1114:Woodrow Wilson
1087:Main article:
1084:
1081:
962:
959:
861:Main article:
858:
855:
853:
850:
846:Treaty of Rome
815:Port of Rijeka
715:
714:
712:
711:
704:
697:
689:
686:
685:
682:
681:
680:Sep. 1939
675:
674:Aug. 1939
669:
663:
657:
651:
650:Apr. 1939
645:
644:Mar. 1939
639:
633:
627:
626:Mar. 1939
621:
620:Mar. 1939
615:
614:Mar. 1939
609:
608:Mar. 1939
603:
602:Nov. 1938
597:
596:Sep. 1938
591:
590:Sep. 1938
585:
584:Aug. 1938
582:Bled Agreement
579:
573:
567:
566:Mar. 1938
561:
560:Mar. 1938
555:
545:
539:
536:Xi'an Incident
533:
527:
521:
515:
509:
503:
497:
491:
486:
480:
474:
468:
462:
456:
450:
444:
438:
432:
429:Battle of Rehe
426:
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402:
395:
391:
390:
389:
386:
385:
382:
381:
375:
369:
363:
357:
351:
343:
337:
334:Corfu incident
331:
325:
319:
313:
306:
302:
301:
300:
297:
296:
293:
292:
286:
280:
274:
267:
263:
262:
261:
258:
257:
249:
248:
246:Serbo-Croatian
239:
235:
234:
233:
232:
219:
202:
198:
197:
196:
195:
176:
164:
162:Milenko Vesnić
152:
140:
128:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
90:
86:
85:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
57:
53:
52:
49:
41:
40:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3362:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3310:1920 in Italy
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3266:
3265:
3262:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3222:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3201:
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3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
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3175:
3172:
3170:
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3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3103:
3100:
3096:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2946:
2939:
2934:
2932:
2927:
2925:
2920:
2919:
2916:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2901:
2890:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2875:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2819:
2815:
2813:9780253346568
2809:
2805:
2801:
2800:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2785:9780567244970
2781:
2777:
2773:
2772:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2716:
2712:
2710:1-85065-663-0
2706:
2702:
2698:
2697:
2692:
2691:Djokic, Dejan
2687:
2683:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2668:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2640:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2611:
2606:
2602:
2600:9788838251498
2596:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2539:(1). Zagreb:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2525:
2521:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2506:
2500:
2496:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2481:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2416:
2410:
2406:
2404:9780826417619
2400:
2396:
2392:
2391:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2321:
2317:
2315:9788677431099
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2284:
2282:9780275948771
2278:
2274:
2270:
2269:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2220:(6). Zagreb:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2206:
2202:
2200:0-8014-1675-2
2196:
2192:
2188:
2187:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2149:
2144:
2140:
2139:
2127:
2122:
2115:
2114:Perinčić 2022
2110:
2103:
2098:
2091:
2090:Pavlović 2008
2086:
2079:
2074:
2067:
2062:
2055:
2050:
2043:
2038:
2031:
2026:
2020:, p. 45.
2019:
2014:
2007:
2002:
1995:
1990:
1983:
1978:
1971:
1966:
1959:
1954:
1948:, p. 13.
1947:
1942:
1935:
1930:
1928:
1921:, p. 65.
1920:
1915:
1908:
1903:
1901:
1893:
1888:
1881:
1876:
1869:
1864:
1862:
1854:
1849:
1847:
1839:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1820:
1815:
1809:, p. 64.
1808:
1803:
1797:, p. 12.
1796:
1791:
1784:
1779:
1772:
1767:
1760:
1755:
1753:
1745:
1744:Matković 2008
1740:
1738:
1731:, p. 97.
1730:
1729:Pavlović 2008
1725:
1719:, p. 63.
1718:
1713:
1711:
1703:
1698:
1691:
1686:
1679:
1674:
1667:
1662:
1655:
1650:
1643:
1638:
1631:
1626:
1619:
1618:Merlicco 2021
1614:
1608:, p. 50.
1607:
1602:
1595:
1590:
1584:, p. 36.
1583:
1578:
1571:
1566:
1562:
1555:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1523:Srđa Pavlović
1520:
1516:
1512:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1486:
1477:
1473:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1441:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1430:Rječina River
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1410:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1339:
1334:
1333:Villa Spinola
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1312:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1294:Ivanoe Bonomi
1292:
1286:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1220:
1216:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1179:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1134:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1090:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1017:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
979:
978:
972:
969:Residents of
967:
958:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
923:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
894:In 1915, the
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
869:
864:
849:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
826:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
795:
793:
789:
788:
783:
779:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
710:
705:
703:
698:
696:
691:
690:
688:
687:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
664:
662:May 1939
661:
660:Pact of Steel
658:
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:
640:
637:
636:Danzig Crisis
634:
631:
628:
625:
622:
619:
616:
613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
589:
586:
583:
580:
577:
574:
572:May 1938
571:
568:
565:
562:
559:
556:
553:
551:
546:
543:
540:
537:
534:
531:
528:
525:
522:
519:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
501:
498:
495:
492:
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
475:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
454:
451:
448:
445:
442:
439:
436:
433:
430:
427:
424:
421:
418:
415:
412:
409:
406:
403:
400:
397:
396:
388:
387:
379:
376:
373:
370:
367:
364:
361:
358:
355:
352:
349:
348:
344:
341:
338:
335:
332:
329:
328:March on Rome
326:
323:
320:
317:
314:
311:
308:
307:
299:
298:
290:
287:
284:
281:
278:
275:
272:
269:
268:
260:
259:
255:
254:
247:
243:
240:
236:
231:
220:
217:
205:
204:
203:
199:
192:
187:
177:
175:
165:
163:
153:
151:
150:Ivanoe Bonomi
141:
139:
129:
127:
117:
116:
115:
111:
108:
105:
101:
98:
94:
91:
87:
76:
72:
69:
66:
62:
58:
54:
47:
42:
37:
31:
24:
19:
3149:Tartu (1921)
3134:Alexandropol
3114:Tartu (1920)
3108:
2873:
2851:
2826:
2798:
2770:
2752:
2748:
2727:
2723:
2695:
2666:
2642:. New York:
2638:
2620:
2616:
2590:
2586:
2565:
2561:
2536:
2532:
2504:
2479:
2446:
2440:
2414:
2389:
2357:
2353:
2328:
2300:. Belgrade:
2296:
2292:Rudić, Srđan
2271:. Westport:
2267:
2239:
2217:
2213:
2185:
2152:
2146:
2126:Graovac 2004
2121:
2109:
2097:
2085:
2078:Carteny 2015
2073:
2061:
2049:
2037:
2025:
2013:
2001:
1989:
1977:
1965:
1958:Santoro 2023
1953:
1941:
1914:
1887:
1875:
1853:Burgwyn 1997
1814:
1802:
1795:Burgwyn 1997
1790:
1778:
1766:
1759:Burgwyn 1997
1724:
1697:
1685:
1673:
1661:
1649:
1637:
1625:
1613:
1601:
1589:
1577:
1565:
1535:Italian Navy
1511:World War II
1507:
1491:
1442:
1433:
1417:
1411:
1395:semi-enclave
1359:
1336:
1329:Monte Nevoso
1261:
1241:Carlo Sforza
1230:
1173:Negotiations
1158:Ante Trumbić
1154:Nikola Pašić
1151:
1125:
1111:
1092:
1018:
986:Kvarner Gulf
983:
976:
924:
893:
838:Italian Navy
827:
807:semi-enclave
796:
785:
720:
718:
549:
441:Tanggu Truce
345:
315:
174:Ante Trumbić
138:Carlo Sforza
30:
18:
3144:Riga (1921)
3124:Riga (1920)
2964:Sykes–Picot
2945:World War I
2833:: 109–117.
2453:: 243–300.
2335:: 223–242.
2224:: 957–988.
2066:Rudolf 2008
1919:Rudolf 2008
1892:Diklić 2011
1880:Kernek 1982
1819:Kernek 1982
1807:Rudolf 2008
1783:Kernek 1982
1717:Rudolf 2008
1702:Morgan 2004
1690:Diklić 2011
1642:Perica 2010
1470: [
1309: [
1283: [
1164:by the US.
916:South Slavs
900:World War I
873:South Tyrol
392: 1930s
303: 1920s
264: 1910s
189: [
113:Signatories
103:Replaced by
3289:Categories
3267:See also:
3065:Versailles
2983:Bucharest
2774:. London:
2699:. London:
2393:. London:
2189:. Ithaca:
2181:Banac, Ivo
1946:Pizzi 2001
1630:Ramet 2006
1594:Banac 1984
1570:Ramet 2006
1558:References
1186: The
889:Yugoslavia
852:Background
782:city-state
570:May Crisis
554: 1937
538: 1936
532: 1936
526: 1936
520: 1936
502: 1936
485: 1935
479: 1935
473: 1935
467: 1935
461: 1934
449: 1933
443: 1933
437: 1933
431: 1933
425: 1933
413: 1932
401: 1931
380: 1929
374: 1929
372:Young Plan
368: 1925
362: 1924
360:Dawes Plan
350: 1925
347:Mein Kampf
336: 1923
330: 1922
324: 1921
318: 1920
312: 1920
279: 1919
273: 1919
81:1920-11-12
3098:Aftermath
2864:0352-9924
2858:: 61–80.
2839:0352-9924
2761:1334-1375
2736:1848-9079
2629:0021-2652
2574:1848-9079
2549:1330-6804
2543:: 35–66.
2510:Routledge
2459:0003-049X
2380:1331-2294
2364:: 51–72.
2341:1330-0474
2243:. Zadar:
2230:0350-2058
2165:0011-3530
2102:Knox 2007
2042:Knox 2007
2018:Hehn 2005
1838:Repe 2008
1771:Hill 1934
1480:Aftermath
1407:Palagruža
1025:Dalmatian
977:Legionari
558:Anschluss
3251:Portugal
3203:Montreux
3169:Lausanne
2974:Damascus
2947:treaties
2796:(2006).
2664:(2008).
2477:(2007).
2467:0003049X
2354:Geoadria
2265:(1997).
2183:(1984).
2173:45325919
1375:Postojna
1363:Tarvisio
1276:Slovenes
992:and the
931:Adriatic
898:entered
881:Dalmatia
799:Slovenes
769:Dalmatia
749:Adriatic
727:and the
552:incident
238:Language
89:Location
3345:Rapallo
3231:Denmark
3154:Cilicia
3129:Suwałki
3080:Trianon
3022:Ukraine
2693:(ed.).
2428:1876470
2135:Sources
1459:Italian
1387:Gorizia
1379:Trieste
1367:Triglav
1343:Rapallo
1325:Italian
1321:Snežnik
1061:Lastovo
1053:Korčula
1033:Šibenik
1002:Italian
904:Entente
753:Rapallo
242:Italian
201:Parties
93:Rapallo
79: (
64:Context
3246:Sweden
3241:Norway
3236:Greece
3159:Angora
3139:Moscow
3119:Warsaw
3085:Sèvres
3034:Vienna
3029:Berlin
3017:Russia
3009:Buftea
3004:Acroma
2979:London
2885:
2862:
2837:
2810:
2782:
2759:
2734:
2707:
2678:
2650:
2627:
2597:
2572:
2547:
2516:
2491:
2465:
2457:
2426:
2401:
2378:
2339:
2312:
2304:&
2279:
2251:
2228:
2197:
2171:
2163:
1448:, and
1422:Kastav
1403:Lošinj
1385:, and
1371:Idrija
1338:comune
1272:Croats
1224:
1211:
1205:
1184:
1063:, and
1021:Istria
1010:Venice
998:Rijeka
937:. The
879:, and
875:, the
803:Croats
792:Rijeka
780:, the
757:Istria
227:
213:
74:Signed
3224:Egypt
3039:Batum
2613:(PDF)
2463:JSTOR
2169:JSTOR
1474:]
1426:Sušak
1356:Terms
1313:]
1287:]
1069:Split
1057:Mljet
1041:Drniš
1029:Zadar
1006:Fiume
971:Fiume
811:Split
773:Zadar
550:Panay
216:Italy
193:]
97:Italy
3164:Kars
2992:1918
2987:1916
2883:ISBN
2860:ISSN
2835:ISSN
2808:ISBN
2780:ISBN
2757:ISSN
2732:ISSN
2705:ISBN
2676:ISBN
2648:ISBN
2625:ISSN
2621:XCIV
2595:ISBN
2570:ISSN
2545:ISSN
2514:ISBN
2489:ISBN
2455:ISSN
2424:OCLC
2399:ISBN
2376:ISSN
2337:ISSN
2310:ISBN
2277:ISBN
2249:ISBN
2226:ISSN
2195:ISBN
2161:ISSN
1461:and
1399:Cres
1383:Pula
1373:and
1365:via
1296:and
1274:and
1045:Hvar
1039:and
1037:Knin
1031:and
1014:Rome
1012:and
801:and
719:The
548:USS
56:Type
2447:126
2366:doi
1341:of
1065:Pag
1049:Vis
3291::
2806:.
2778:.
2753:33
2728:42
2674:.
2646:.
2619:.
2615:.
2591:88
2566:40
2537:14
2512:.
2487:.
2461:.
2445:.
2439:.
2422:.
2397:.
2374:.
2275:.
2218:50
2193:.
2167:.
2153:13
2151:.
2145:.
1926:^
1899:^
1860:^
1845:^
1826:^
1751:^
1736:^
1709:^
1472:sr
1401:,
1381:,
1327::
1311:it
1304:,
1285:sr
1247:,
1239:,
1079:.
1059:,
1055:,
1051:,
1047:,
1004::
922:.
848:.
244:,
191:sr
95:,
2937:e
2930:t
2923:v
2891:.
2866:.
2841:.
2816:.
2788:.
2763:.
2738:.
2713:.
2684:.
2656:.
2631:.
2603:.
2576:.
2551:.
2522:.
2497:.
2469:.
2430:.
2407:.
2382:.
2368::
2358:9
2343:.
2318:.
2285:.
2257:.
2232:.
2203:.
2175:.
1323:(
1000:(
708:e
701:t
694:v
83:)
25:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
