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477:…4 miles from the city, on the banks of the river, there was a cannon factory. Trying new guns, not testing shot projectiles (but shells seems more while there was none), but cannonballs. They shot it over the Kama River, landing in the forest, where trees were knocked down and deep ditches were dug by those cannonballs. I was not allowed to go there. Yes, and there was no one, except on Sundays, when the plant was silent as tiny spiders float on the river and boats carry people from the factory to Zakamskaya Pohulyanka. There were undershoots where the cannonball fell into the water, rising fountain spray and steam. There was no one, and no guns behind the Dalyu on the other side, only the smoke from the volleys indicated where the cannons were firing from… The river roared, shaking the air, and the mood of war was all over."
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378:"...Andrey Chokov knew from the very first moment that this would not be a whopper cannon at all. Even if we assume that the barrel would fire grapeshot, a massive amount of propellant would be needed to push the two-ton shot, making it impossible for the cannon to be transported from one position to another. Therefore Chokhov did not mean to cast it as a functional cannon at all. His cannon is always only a symbol of Russian power and of the capabilities of the Russian industry. If we render a Russian master able to create such a whopper cannon, the smaller ones would have much less use. Therefore, the Tsar Cannon was put on display in the Kremlin for foreign diplomats."
470:(which is around 0.8–1 km wide). Later tests were carried out on this place until the end of Perestroika, with a lot happening in Soviet times. A certain F. V. Pestich, chief of the artillery of Kronstadt port attending most of the tests. The Perm cannon made a total of 314 shots, including grapeshot and bombs of different systems. As a result, the strength of the cannon was tested, and the weight of the powder charge was optimized. During the test, the charge weight was gradually increased to 120 kg. The set amount of propellant charge was 53 kg of black gunpowder in battle, putting the firing range to at most 1.2 km.
434:. This replica was made in a scale of 1:2. This replica is incomplete, with ornaments changed or absent, and other details missing. The kernel of the cannon weighs about 12 tons, with the barrel and the carriage cast in steel, and the wheels being solid. Three staples were installed on the cannon for fastening cables when moving it. It was cast on Zvenigovsky Shipyard named after N. S. Butyakov. Initially, the ornaments were cut from wood, and then cast from metal. The copy was suitable for shooting, as the barrel and the core were welded together. Four ornamental cannonballs are located next to the cannon.
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221:, with a crown and a scepter in his hand on horseback. Above the front right bracket the message "The grace of God, Tsar and Great Duke Fyodor Ivanovich, Autocrat of All Russia" was cast. There were two more labels cast at the top of the barrel, to the right is "The decree of the faithful and Christ-king and the Grand Duke Fyodor Ivanovich, Sovereign Autocrat of all Great Russia with his pious and god-blessed queen, Grand Princess Irina"; While to the one to the left is "Cast in the city of Moscow in the summer of year
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210:; it weighs 39,312 kilograms (86,668 lb) and has a length of 5.34 m (17.5 ft). Its bronze-cast barrel has an internal diameter of 890 mm (35.0 in), and an external diameter of 1,200 mm (47.2 in). The barrel has eight cast rectangular brackets for use in transporting the gun, which is mounted on a stylized
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The spherical cast-iron projectiles located in front of the Tsar Cannon—each of which weighs approximately one ton—were produced in 1834 as a decoration, and are too large to have been used in the cannon. According to legend, the cannonballs were manufactured in St. Petersburg, and were intended to
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According to one version, the name of this cannon, "Tsar", is associated with the image of Tsar Fyodor
Ivanovich. However, it is more likely that this name owes to the massive size of this cannon. In old times the cannon is also sometimes called the "Russian Shotgun" (Дробовик Российский,
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joked that the
Kremlin's two greatest items were a bell which was never rung and a cannon that was never fired. For a long time, there was a common theory that the Tsar Cannon was created only to impress foreigners of Russia's military powers. Thus, according to writer Albert
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In the spring of 2001, as commissioned by the management of the Moscow Udmort enterprise "OAO Izhstal", a replica of the cannon was cast in iron. The replica weighed 42 tons, with a single wheel at 1.5 tons, the kernel at 1.2 meters and a caliber of exactly 89 cm.
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was the world's largest 20-inch cast-iron cannon. Unlike other "Tsar cannon"s, the one in Perm was a military weapon. The cannon, nicknamed the "Perm Giant", was made in 1868, by the order of the
Ministry of Marine to the Motovilikha manufacturing plant (which is PAO
528:, where a special carriage was already installed to ensure all-around coverage, and to protect St. Petersburg from the sea. Two such cannons were also intended to equip the armored frigate "Minin", which was built in St. Petersburg from 1866 to 1878.
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in order to protect the eastern approaches to the
Kremlin, indicating that it originally did have a practical application. However, by 1706, it was moved to the Kremlin Arsenal and mounted on a wooden gun carriage. It was not used during the
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has developed the technology to produce high-strength steel cannons. Having established a factory in St. Petersburg, he began producing lighter cannons, which were installed with breeched (the Krupp system), obsoleting the Perm cannon.
229:), in his third summer state, by Andrey Chokov." The cannon-style gun carriage, added in 1835, is purely decorative. This weapon was never intended to be transported on or fired from this gun carriage.
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The carriages and the cannon itself were richly decorated in 1835 at the St. Petersburg plant of Berd, with designs by architect A. P. Bryullov and drawings engineer P. Ya. de Witte.
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However, the cannon never reached
Kronstadt. The Giant has been returned to the road in Perm. This is due to the fact that the engineer-inventor Pavel Matveyevich Obukhov of
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The Tsar Cannon was placed at several points around Moscow in its history. It is known to have been mounted on a special frame with a fixed inclination angle in the
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Another theory by other researchers is that Tsar cannon never fired because of the bronze parts that would fade away after the shot, also due to the absence of a
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by its barrel length in modern classification, with the barrel length at only 6 calibers. However, in the 17th to the 18th century, it was rather called a "
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The cannon was cast in bronze in 1586, during the reign of Tsar Fyodor
Ivanovich, in the Cannon yard, by Russian master Andrey Chokhov.
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Today, the Perm Tsar Cannon is held on exhibition in the open museum of military equipment belonging to PAO "Motovilikha Plants".
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176:. It is a monument of Russian artillery casting art, cast in bronze in 1586 in Moscow, by the Russian master bronze caster
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gun carriage with three wheels. The barrel is decorated with relief images, including an equestrian image of
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residue was found, indicating that the cannon had been fired at least once, hinged and dug into the ground.
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A model of the Perm Tsar Cannon in full size was put before the
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considered removing it to France as a war trophy. The wooden gun carriage burnt in the
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In 2007, another replica was installed in front of the
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City Hall in May 2001. There were two copies, with the other one produced in
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A view of the Tsar Cannon, showing the lion's head cast into the carriage
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As quoted by writer Mikhail Osorgin, who witnessed the events:
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In 1860, the Tsar Cannon was moved to its current location on
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Patriarch's Palace and the Church of the Twelve Apostles
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The Moscow Kremlin: History of Russia's Unique Monument
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The cannon was last restored in 1980 in the town of
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172:in Russian) on display on the grounds of the
741:. Publishing House "Russkaya Zhizn" (1980).
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509:Powder charge weight: 61 kg (4 pudi)
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198:The Tsar Cannon is located just past the
676:Lobin, Alexey Nikolaevich (2013-06-13).
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713:. MacMillan Publishing Company (1973).
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556:List of the largest cannon by caliber
241:rather than true, solid cannonballs.
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506:Kernel weight: 459 kg (30 pudi)
422:set in the premises of OAO Izhstal.
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647:. For Your Information.
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487:Barrel length: 4.9 m
426:The Yoshkar-Ola copy
128:Completion date
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630:Portnov 1990, p. 19
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194:Description
147:Tsar Cannon
69: /
20:Tsar Cannon
1212:Categories
1065:Red Square
971:The Armory
908:Troitskaya
893:Nikolskaya
888:Senatskaya
807:Red Square
747:B0010XM7BQ
572:References
561:Tsar Bomba
468:Kama River
395:pilot hole
337:Red Square
186:it is the
155:Царь-пушка
57:37°37′05″E
54:55°45′04″N
26:Царь-пушка
1151:Red Porch
1141:Tsar Bell
1104:Monuments
934:buildings
883:Spasskaya
878:Tsarskaya
873:Nabatnaya
566:Tsar Bell
522:Kronstadt
388:gunpowder
384:Serpukhov
365:Tsar Bell
363:near the
339:near the
239:grapeshot
212:cast-iron
995:Churches
550:See also
539:Emperor
533:Zlatoust
401:Replicas
371:Voltaire
170:bombarda
110:Material
90:Designer
82:Location
1056:Squares
913:Kutafya
803:Kremlin
459:" and "
420:Izhevsk
416:Donetsk
317:History
151:Russian
1170:Former
820:Towers
745:
731:
717:
461:Smerch
457:Uragan
261:mortar
254:Russia
250:Moscow
208:bronze
120:Length
114:Bronze
104:Cannon
577:Notes
818:and
805:and
743:ASIN
729:ISBN
715:ISBN
693:Kama
498:pudi
455:", "
453:Grad
444:Perm
223:7904
216:Tsar
145:The
131:1586
100:Type
524:at
1214::
635:^
621:^
517:.
275:.
252:,
157:,
153::
795:e
788:t
781:v
695:.
680:.
447:"
149:(
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